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The Humanitarian Impact of Drones
THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES The Humanitarian Impact of Drones 1 THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES © 2017 Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom; International Contents Disarmament Institute, Pace University; Article 36. October 2017 The Humanitarian Impact of Drones 1st edition 160 pp 3 Preface Permission is granted for non-commercial reproduction, Cristof Heyns copying, distribution, and transmission of this publication or parts thereof so long as full credit is given to the 6 Introduction organisation and author; the text is not altered, Ray Acheson, Matthew Bolton, transformed, or built upon; and for any reuse or distribution, these terms are made clear to others. and Elizabeth Minor Edited by Ray Acheson, Matthew Bolton, Elizabeth Minor, and Allison Pytlak. Impacts Thank you to all authors for their contributions. 1. Humanitarian Harm This publication is supported in part by a grant from the 15 Foundation Open Society Institute in cooperation with the Jessica Purkiss and Jack Serle Human Rights Initiative of the Open Society Foundations. Cover photography: 24 Country case study: Yemen ©2017 Kristie L. Kulp Taha Yaseen 29 2. Environmental Harm Doug Weir and Elizabeth Minor 35 Country case study: Nigeria Joy Onyesoh 36 3. Psychological Harm Radidja Nemar 48 4. Harm to Global Peace and Security Chris Cole 58 Country case study: Djibouti Ray Acheson 64 Country case study: The Philippines Mitzi Austero and Alfredo Ferrariz Lubang 2 1 THE HUMANITARIAN IMPACT OF DRONES Preface Christof Heyns 68 5. Harm to Governmental It is not difficult to understand the appeal of Transparency Christof Heyns is Professor of Law at the armed drones to those engaged in war and other University of Pretoria. -
Adding Insult to Injury
Reprieve PO Box 52742 London EC4P 4WS Tel: 020 7353 4640 Fax: 020 7353 4641 Email: [email protected] Website: www.reprieve.org.uk 30 July 2008 ADDING INSULT TO INJURY Reprieve report on Torture in the Twenty-First Century: Refuting the ‘incredible’ US statement that Binyam Mohamed’s Description of his CIA-sponsored torture in Morocco is ‘not credible’ I. INTRODUCTION: SINCE THE UK SEEMS TO HAVE SIMPLY ACCEPTED THE BALD AMERICAN FALSEHOOD THAT BINYAM MOHAMED’S EXPERIENCE OF RENDITION TO TORTURE IN MOROCCO IS ‘NOT CREDIBLE’, THE FOLLOWING REPRIEVE REPORT PROVIDES EVERYONE WHO IS INTERESTED WITH IRREFUTABLE PROOF The US has made various statements to the UK government that add insult to injury, and the British seem to have accepted them. See Appendix A.1 A. It adds insult to terrible injury to suggest that Binyam Mohamed has never been abused since the US abducted him in Pakistan in April 2002 First, the US has stated that “[t]he allegations made by counsel to Mr. Mohamed that are reflected in your letter are not credible.” Appendix A. By this, the US means that Mr. Mohamed was not tortured in Pakistan, was not tortured in Morocco, was not tortured in the ‘Dark Prison’ in Kabul, and has been well treated in both Bagram Air Force Base and Guantánamo Bay. The British government merely repeats the US position, without making any comment on it. That which is “incredible” is the gall with which the US makes this statement. As the UK reported earlier this year, the United States has never bothered to investigate Binyam Mohamed’s claims of torture. -
Human Rights Watch All Rights Reserved
HUMAN RIGHTS Delivered Into Enemy Hands US-Led Abuse and Rendition of Opponents to Gaddafi’s Libya WATCH Delivered Into Enemy Hands US-Led Abuse and Rendition of Opponents to Gaddafi’s Libya Copyright © 2012 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 1-56432-940-2 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org SEPTEMBER 2012 ISBN: 1-56432-940-2 Delivered Into Enemy Hands US-Led Abuse and Rendition of Opponents to Gaddafi’s Libya Summary ........................................................................................................................................... 1 Key Recommendations.................................................................................................................... -
Guantánamo and Its Aftermath
Guantánamo and Its Aftermath u.s. detention and interrogation practices and their impact on former detainees November 2008 Human Rights Center International Human Rights Law Clinic In partnership with University of California, Berkeley University of California, Berkeley Center for Constitutional Rights Guantánamo and Its Aftermath u.s. detention and interrogation practices and their impact on former detainees Laurel E. Fletcher Eric Stover with Stephen Paul Smith Alexa Koenig Zulaikha Aziz Alexis Kelly Sarah Staveteig Nobuko Mizoguchi November 2008 Human Rights Center University of California, Berkeley International Human Rights Law Clinic University of California, Berkeley, School of Law In partnership with Center for Constitutional Rights ISBN# 978-0-9760677-3-3 Human Rights Center and International Human Rights Law Clinic, University of California, Berkeley Cover photos: Louie Palu/ZUMA Design: Melanie Doherty Design, San Francisco Human Rights Center, University of California, Berkeley The Human Rights Center promotes human rights and international justice worldwide and trains the next generation of human rights researchers and advocates. We believe that sustainable peace and devel- opment can be achieved only through efforts to prevent human rights abuses and hold those responsible for such crimes accountable. We use empirical research methods to investigate and expose serious viola- tions of human rights and international humanitarian law. In our studies and reports, we recommend specific policy measures that should be taken by governments and international organizations to protect vulnerable populations in times of war and political and social upheaval. For more information, please visit hrc.berkeley.edu. International Human Rights Law Clinic, University of California, Berkeley, School of Law The International Human Rights Law Clinic (IHRLC) designs and implements innovative human rights projects to advance the struggle for justice on behalf of individuals and marginalized communities through advocacy, research, and policy development. -
FIRST AMENDED COMPLAINT V
Case5:07-cv-02798-JW Document27 Filed08/01/07 Page1 of 74 1 STEVEN M. WATT* [email protected] BEN WIZNER (SBN 215724) [email protected] 2 ALEXA KOLBI-MOLINAS* [email protected] 3 JAMEEL JAFFER* [email protected] STEVEN R. SHAPIRO* [email protected] 4 AMERICAN CIVIL LIBERTIES UNION FOUNDATION 5 125 Broad Street, 18th Floor New York, NY, 10004 6 Tel. 212.549.2500 / Fax 212.549.2651 7 ANN BRICK (SBN 65296) [email protected] 8 ACLU FOUNDATION OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA 9 39 Drumm Street San Francisco, CA, 94111 10 Tel. 415.621.2493 / Fax 415.255.1478 11 Additional Counsel Listed on Next Page 12 13 IN THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF NORTHERN CALIFORNIA 14 San Jose Division 15 BINYAM MOHAMED; 16 ABOU ELKASSIM BRITEL; AHMED AGIZA; 17 MOHAMED FARAG AHMAD BASHMILAH; 18 BISHER AL-RAWI Civil Action No. 5:07-cv-02798 (JW) 19 Plaintiffs, 20 FIRST AMENDED COMPLAINT v. 21 DEMAND FOR JURY TRIAL 22 JEPPESEN DATAPLAN, INC. 23 Defendant. 24 25 26 27 28 FIRST AMENDED COMPLAINT Case5:07-cv-02798-JW Document27 Filed08/01/07 Page2 of 74 1 CLIVE STAFFORD SMITH*† [email protected] ZACHARY KATZNELSON† (SBN 209489) 2 [email protected] 3 REPRIEVE PO Box 52742 4 London EC4P 4WS England 5 Tel. +44 (0)207 353 4640 / Fax +44 (0)207 353 4641 6 PAUL HOFFMAN (SBN 71244) [email protected] 7 SCHONBRUN DESIMONE SEPLOW HARRIS & HOFFMAN LLP 8 732 Ocean Front Walk, Suite 100 Venice, CA, 90291 9 Tel. 310.999.7040, ext. -
US TARGETED KILLING, SECRECY, and the EROSION of the ASSASSINATION NORM by ANDRIS BANKA
US TARGETED KILLING, SECRECY, AND THE EROSION OF THE ASSASSINATION NORM By ANDRIS BANKA A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Political Science and International Studies School of Government and Society College of Social Sciences University of Birmingham April 2017 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The objective of this thesis is twofold. First, by employing the norm ‘life’ and ‘death’ cycles grounded in constructivist scholarship, the research aims at determining to what extent the domestic norm against assassination in the United States has been weakened in the light of the 9/11 terrorist attacks and the advent of new technologies, namely Predator drones. To that end, the study conceptualizes the norm and provides a historical look of targeted killings as a foreign policy tool. It traces and evaluates normative assumptions about this method from the 1970s to the end phases of Barack Obama presidency, concluding that there has been a substantial normative erosion. Secondly, the presented thesis also attempts to make a more theoretical contribution by observing mechanisms by which the normative change transpired, demonstrating that in the case of targeted drone strikes, the US government relied on deliberate partial official secrecy - quasi-secrecy - in order to avoid overt justification and achieve the normalisation of otherwise controversial practice. -
THE GUANTÁNAMO BAY ORAL HISTORY PROJECT the Reminiscences of Moazzam Begg Columbia Center for Oral History Columbia University
THE GUANTÁNAMO BAY ORAL HISTORY PROJECT The Reminiscences of Moazzam Begg Columbia Center for Oral History Columbia University 2011 PREFACE The following oral history is the result of a recorded interview with Moazzam Begg conducted by Ronald J. Grele and Kanishk Tharoor on May 30, 2011. This interview is part of the Guantánamo Bay Oral History Project. The reader is asked to bear in mind that s/he is reading a verbatim transcript of the spoken word, rather than written prose. 3PM Session One Interviewee: Moazzam Begg Location: London, United Kingdom Interviewer: Ronald J. Grele and Kanishk Tharoor Date: May 30, 2011 Q: This is an interview for the Columbia University Oral History Research Office with Moazzam Begg. The interview is being conducted in London. Today's date is May 30, 2011. This is an interview for the Columbia Oral History Research Office. Begg: My name is Moazzam Begg, I am a former Guantánamo prisoner and the director of the human rights organization Cageprisoners. Q: In the last chapter and the epilogue of the book, you talk about coming home from Guantánamo, and talk about the reception and plans for the future. How would you rewrite those chapters today? Begg: I do not know that I would rewrite the chapters about the epilogue in my book. I finish off saying that American justice in Guantánamo is an oxymoron. There are two conflicting concepts. The concept of justice in Guantánamo, I believe, has not been administered to any of the prisoners there – not the ones that have been released, not the ones who have habeas corpus petitions pending in the U.S. -
Download the Full Report
H U M A N R I G H T S NO MORE EXCUSES WATCH A Roadmap to Justice for CIA Torture No More Excuses A Roadmap to Justice for CIA Torture Copyright © 2015 Human Rights Watch All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America ISBN: 978-1-62313-2996 Cover design by Rafael Jimenez Human Rights Watch is dedicated to protecting the human rights of people around the world. We stand with victims and activists to prevent discrimination, to uphold political freedom, to protect people from inhumane conduct in wartime, and to bring offenders to justice. We investigate and expose human rights violations and hold abusers accountable. We challenge governments and those who hold power to end abusive practices and respect international human rights law. We enlist the public and the international community to support the cause of human rights for all. Human Rights Watch is an international organization with staff in more than 40 countries, and offices in Amsterdam, Beirut, Berlin, Brussels, Chicago, Geneva, Goma, Johannesburg, London, Los Angeles, Moscow, Nairobi, New York, Paris, San Francisco, Tokyo, Toronto, Tunis, Washington DC, and Zurich. For more information, please visit our website: http://www.hrw.org DECEMBER 2015 ISBN: 978-1-62313-2996 No More Excuses A Roadmap to Justice for CIA Torture Summary ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Methodology ................................................................................................................................. -
Enforced Disappearance, Illegal Interstate Transfer, and Other Human Rights Abuses Involving the Uk Overseas Territories
Reprieve PO Box 52742 London EC4P 4WS Tel: 020 7353 4640 Fax: 020 7353 4641 Email: [email protected] Website: www.reprieve.org.uk ENFORCED DISAPPEARANCE, ILLEGAL INTERSTATE TRANSFER, AND OTHER HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES INVOLVING THE UK OVERSEAS TERRITORIES NOTE ON REPRIEVE Reprieve is a UK charity fighting for the lives of people facing the death penalty and human rights violations in the context of the ‘war on terror.’ The organisation was founded by Clive Stafford Smith in 1999. All Reprieve’s work is framed by an international human rights perspective. NOTE ON SUBMISSION Reprieve ’s submission to the Foreign Affairs Select Committee’s inquiry into the Overseas Territories focuses on the protection of human rights in Diego Garcia and Turks and Caicos. 2 CONTENTS Overview of the renditions system p4 Detentions in Diego Garcia p5 Recommendations p18 Turks and Caicos p23 Recommendations p28 Appendix p30 3 OVERVIEW OF THE RENDITIONS “SYSTEM” Of late, the term “rendition” has been used to describe the kidnapping and transportation of terrorist suspects by the US and their allies, without legal procedure, for indefinite detention, interrogation and torture. “Post 9/11” rendition involves at least the following three elements: i. Apprehension – This can be ad-hoc, i.e. involving no semblance of a legal process, or it can resemble a legal process; ii. Transfer – This can be entirely ad-ho and without process, for example on a CIA plane, or it can involve elements of process, for example a “deportation” without the victim being given the chance to adequately challenge his transfer. iii. -
The “Journey of Death” 1
THE JOURNEY OF DEATH – OVER 700 PRISONERS ILLEGALLY RENDERED TO GUANTANAMO BAY WITH THE HELP OF PORTUGAL 28 January 2008 THE “JOURNEY OF DEATH” 1 - OVER 700 PRISONERS ILLEGALLY RENDERED TO GUANTANAMO WITH THE HELP OF PORTUGAL - Reprieve can now conclusively show that Portuguese territory and airspace has been used to transfer over 700 prisoners to torture and illegal imprisonment in Guantanamo Bay. Through comparing flight logs obtained from Portuguese authorities, 2 information from the US Department of Defence showing dates of arrival of prisoners at Guantanamo Bay, and unclassified testimony from many of the prisoners themselves, 3 Reprieve is for the first time able to name 728 prisoners rendered to Guantanamo Bay through Portuguese jurisdiction. 1 So said Adil Al-Zamil, prisoner transported on Flight RCH108Y through Portuguese jurisdiction to Guantanamo Bay: “I call the journey to Guantanamo ‘the journey of death.’ I discreetly wished that the plane would fall to end the pain I felt.” Source: Kuwaiti Gitmo Detainees Speak Out about Abuse, By Rania El Gamal, Kuwait Times, December 1, 2006 2 Flight logs obtained by Ana Gomes MEP in 2006 reveal that on at least 94 occasions aircraft crossed Portuguese airspace en route to or from Guantanamo Bay between 2002-2006 . On at least 6 occasions rendition aircraft flew directly from Lajes in the Azores to Guantanamo. See appendix for full copies of the logs. 3 The US Department of Defence has released ‘in-process’ records of Guantanamo inmates, detailing when prisoners were first weighed and measured on entry to the prison. It is possible confirm the identities of prisoners transported to Guantanamo through Portuguese jurisdiction by matching the ‘in- process’ dates of particular prisoners held in Guantanamo with flights contained in the Portuguese flight logs. -
Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians from US Drone Practices in Pakistan
Fall 08 September 2012 Living Under Drones Death, Injury, and Trauma to Civilians From US Drone Practices in Pakistan International Human Rights and Conflict Resolution Clinic Stanford Law School Global Justice Clinic http://livingunderdrones.org/ NYU School of Law Cover Photo: Roof of the home of Faheem Qureshi, a then 14-year old victim of a January 23, 2009 drone strike (the first during President Obama’s administration), in Zeraki, North Waziristan, Pakistan. Photo supplied by Faheem Qureshi to our research team. Suggested Citation: INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS AND CONFLICT RESOLUTION CLINIC AT STANFORD LAW SCHOOL AND GLOBAL JUSTICE CLINIC AT NYU SCHOOL OF LAW, LIVING UNDER DRONES: DEATH, INJURY, AND TRAUMA TO CIVILIANS FROM US DRONE PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN (2012). TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I ABOUT THE AUTHORS III EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS V INTRODUCTION 1 METHODOLOGY 2 CHALLENGES 4 CHAPTER 1: BACKGROUND AND CONTEXT 7 DRONES: AN OVERVIEW 8 DRONES AND TARGETED KILLING AS A RESPONSE TO 9/11 10 PRESIDENT OBAMA’S ESCALATION OF THE DRONE PROGRAM 12 “PERSONALITY STRIKES” AND SO-CALLED “SIGNATURE STRIKES” 12 WHO MAKES THE CALL? 13 PAKISTAN’S DIVIDED ROLE 15 CONFLICT, ARMED NON-STATE GROUPS, AND MILITARY FORCES IN NORTHWEST PAKISTAN 17 UNDERSTANDING THE TARGET: FATA IN CONTEXT 20 PASHTUN CULTURE AND SOCIAL NORMS 22 GOVERNANCE 23 ECONOMY AND HOUSEHOLDS 25 ACCESSING FATA 26 CHAPTER 2: NUMBERS 29 TERMINOLOGY 30 UNDERREPORTING OF CIVILIAN CASUALTIES BY US GOVERNMENT SOURCES 32 CONFLICTING MEDIA REPORTS 35 OTHER CONSIDERATIONS -
The CIA's Extraordinary Rendition and Secret Detention Programme
The CIA’s extraordinary rendition and secret detention programme European reactions and the challenges of future international intelligence co-operation Claudia Hillebrand Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael March 2009 CIP-Data Koninklijke bibliotheek, Den Haag Hillebrand, C. The CIA’s extraordinary rendition and secret detention programme European reactions and the challenges of future international intelligence co- operation The Hague, Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael. ISBN: 978-90-5031-140-3 Language editing by: Peter Morris Desktop publishing by: Karin van Egmond Nederlands Instituut voor Internationale Betrekkingen Clingendael Clingendael 7 2597 VH Den Haag Phone: +31 (0)70 – 3245384 Fax: +31 (0)70 – 3746667 P.O.Box 93080 2509 AB Den Haag E-mail: [email protected] Website: http://www.clingendael.nl © Netherlands Institute of International Relations Clingendael. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the copyright holders. Clingendael Institute, P.O. Box 93080, 2509 AB The Hague, The Netherlands Contents 1. Introduction.................................................................................. 1 2. Extraordinary means in times of terror? ....................................... 5 Extraordinary renditions........................................................6 Detention camps,