Rock ‘Made in Bogotá’: Descifrando El Género Desde El Funcionamiento De La Industria

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Rock ‘Made in Bogotá’: Descifrando El Género Desde El Funcionamiento De La Industria Rock ‘Made in Bogotá’: Descifrando el género desde el funcionamiento de la industria fonográfica (2000-2010) Por: Marceliano José Castro Saavedra Trabajo de grado para optar por el título de Comunicador Social Periodismo Director: Manuel Francisco Carreño Salas Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Facultad de Comunicación y Lenguaje Carrera de Comunicación Social Bogotá, 2011 ARTÍCULO 23 “La Universidad no se hace responsable por los conceptos emitidos por los alumnos en sus trabajos de grado, solo velará porque no se publique nada contrario al dogma y la moral católicos y porque el trabajo no contenga ataques y polémicas puramente personales, antes bien, se vean en ellas el anhelo de buscar la verdad y la justicia”. Agradecimientos “And in the end, the love you take, is equal to the love you make” The End – The Beatles. El presente trabajo está dedicado a mis padres Marceliano y Luz Marina, ya que sin el apoyo de ellos no estaría escribiendo esta dedicatoria. Este camino apenas empieza. Nunca tendré las palabras exactas para agradecerles por la amistad, guía, y consejos que me brindan a diario; este trabajo también es de ustedes. A los artistas colombianos que quieren hacer de la música un proyecto de vida y por querer hacer del rock hecho en Colombia un género de exportación. A los miembros de The Hall Effect, V for Volume, Antípoda y The Black Cat Bone, gracias por permitirme entrar en sus vidas y conocer a fondo sus experiencias dentro la industria discográfica de nuestro país. A los maestros Mario Galeano y Manuel Carreño por los conocimientos sobre la música y el género rock compartidos en sus clases. A mi amigo y compañero de clase Andrés Hernández por haberme asignado mi primer artículo de periodismo musical, una de mis grandes pasiones desde entonces. A los amigos del pasado, presente y futuro, gracias por todo. Tabla de contenido INTRODUCCIÓN ................................................................................................................................................. 1 1. MARCO CONCEPTUAL ................................................................................................................................. 4 1.1. LAS INDUSTRIAS CULTURALES ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.1.2 El sector fonográfico .................................................................................................................................... 7 1.1.2.1 Agentes que intervienen en los procesos de producción. ......................................................................... 11 1.1.3 La radio ...................................................................................................................................................... 14 1.2 EL ROCK ..................................................................................................................................................... 16 1.2.1 Nace el rock and roll .................................................................................................................................. 17 1.2.2 La formación de nuevas agrupaciones ....................................................................................................... 18 1.2.3 Los sesenta: la búsqueda de una identidad. ............................................................................................... 19 1.2.4 Los setenta y ochenta: la reinvención del género. ...................................................................................... 21 1.2.5 Los noventa: la década del grunge y el rock alternativo. ........................................................................... 21 1.2.6 En rock en el siglo XXI ............................................................................................................................... 22 1.3 EL CIRCUITO DEL ROCK ............................................................................................................................. 23 2. ROCK COLOMBIANO.............................................................................................................................. 28 2.1 EL ROCK INVADE A COLOMBIA (1957 – 1975) .................................................................................................... 28 2.2 EL PRIMER DISCO INDEPENDIENTE EN LA HISTORIA DEL ROCK COLOMBIANO ..................................................... 36 2.3 LA AUTOGESTIÓN Y DECLIVE DEL ROCK .............................................................................................................. 40 2.4. EL RESURGIMIENTO DEL ROCK COLOMBIANO ..................................................................................................... 42 2.5. LA INTERNACIONALIZACIÓN DEL ROCK HECHO EN COLOMBIA Y EL NACIMIENTO DE ROCK AL PARQUE ............ 43 3. EL CIRCUITO ............................................................................................................................................ 46 3.1 LA PRIMERA DÉCADA DEL SIGLO XXI ................................................................................................................. 46 3.2 LAS BANDAS ....................................................................................................................................................... 47 3.2.1 The Black Cat Bone (TBCB) ....................................................................................................................... 48 3.2.2 The Hall Effect ............................................................................................................................................ 53 3.2.3 Antípoda ...................................................................................................................................................... 59 3.2.4 V for Volume ............................................................................................................................................... 64 3.3 LOS BARES .......................................................................................................................................................... 71 3.3.1 La Hamburguesería .................................................................................................................................... 72 3.3.2 Jacksass Rock Bar ...................................................................................................................................... 73 3.4 LAS EMISORAS .................................................................................................................................................... 74 3.4.1 Radioacktiva (Caracol Radio) .................................................................................................................... 75 3.4.2 Radiónica (Radio Televisión Nacional de Colombia – RTVC) ................................................................... 78 4. ROCK: MADE IN BOGOTÁ (2000-2010) ................................................................................................. 80 4.1 LAS LÓGICAS DE PRODUCCIÓN EN TBCB, T.H.E, ANTÍPODA Y V FOR VOLUME. ................................................ 80 4.2 LAS LÓGICAS DE DISTRIBUCIÓN Y DIFUSIÓN EN TBCB, T.H.E, ANTÍPODA Y V FOR VOLUME. ............................ 84 CONCLUSIONES ............................................................................................................................................... 87 BIBLIOGRAFÍA ................................................................................................................................................. 92 ANEXOS.............................................................................................................................................................. 95 Introducción En el presente trabajo se pretende realizar una radiografía de cómo ha funcionado el rock hecho en la ciudad de Bogotá en los últimos diez años desde el funcionamiento de las industrias culturales, más específicamente la industria fonográfica, a partir de un análisis de casos específicos que se realizó con cuatro agrupaciones de rock que produjeron y difundieron sus productos radiofónicos en la primera década del siglo XXI en la ciudad de Bogotá. Bandas de rock nacional con las cuales se logró trabajar de cerca y así mediante la sistematización de su experiencia dentro del circuito capitalino se pudo dar inicio a este análisis. Teniendo en cuenta el anteproyecto, es válido aclarar que en el presente trabajo se realizaron ciertas modificaciones con el fin de dar un mejor enfoque y mayor precisión al objeto de estudio. En primera instancia el título se centra solo en los procesos de las lógicas de producción y difusión de propuestas musicales materializadas en productos radiofónicos en la ciudad de Bogotá, a partir de los procesos de producción y difusión llevados a cabo por cuatro agrupaciones en los últimos diez años. Por lo tanto, en este trabajo se pretende analizar el género rock desde el circuito, comprendido este como una mirada desde las bandas, los bares y la radio. Además, uno de los cambios más trascendentales que se realizó fue el de ejecutar un análisis de la industria fonográfica y no el de elaborar un producto periodístico, ya que ante la necesidad de lograr entender el funcionamiento del rock desde las industrias culturales se necesitaba que este fuera realizado a partir de un análisis aplicado desde el funcionamiento teórico de las lógicas de producción y distribución, y qué de esto realmente se tiene en cuenta al momento de lanzar
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