DOCSLIB.ORG

Recommendations and Reports of the CCIR (Kyoto, 1978): Volume V

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Recommendations and Reports of the CCIR (Kyoto, 1978): Volume V This electronic version (PDF) was scanned by the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) Library & Archives Service from an original paper document in the ITU Library & Archives collections. La présente version électronique (PDF) a été numérisée par le Service de la bibliothèque et des archives de l'Union internationale des télécommunications (UIT) à partir d'un document papier original des collections de ce service. Esta versión electrónica (PDF) ha sido escaneada por el Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la Unión Internacional de Telecomunicaciones (UIT) a partir de un documento impreso original de las colecciones del Servicio de Biblioteca y Archivos de la UIT. (ITU) ﻟﻼﺗﺼﺎﻻﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻻﺗﺤﺎﺩ ﻓﻲ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﺃﺟﺮﺍﻩ ﺍﻟﻀﻮﺋﻲ ﺑﺎﻟﻤﺴﺢ ﺗﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﻧﺘﺎﺝ (PDF) ﺍﻹﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻨﺴﺨﺔ ﻫﺬﻩ .ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺤﻔﻮﻇﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻤﻜﺘﺒﺔ ﻗﺴﻢ ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﺘﻮﻓﺮﺓ ﺍﻟﻮﺛﺎﺋﻖ ﺿﻤﻦ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻭﺭﻗﻴﺔ ﻭﺛﻴﻘﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻘﻼ ً◌ 此电子版（PDF版本）由国际电信联盟（ITU）图书馆和档案室利用存于该处的纸质文件扫描提供。 Настоящий электронный вариант (PDF) был подготовлен в библиотечно-архивной службе Международного союза электросвязи путем сканирования исходного документа в бумажной форме из библиотечно-архивной службы МСЭ. © International Telecommunication Union INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCIR INTERNATIONAL RADIO CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS OF THE CCIR, 1978 (ALSO QUESTIONS, STUDY PROGRAMMES, DECISIONS, RESOLUTIONS AND OPINIONS) XlVth PLENARY ASSEMBLY KYOTO, 1978 VOLUME V PROPAGATION IN NON-IONIZED MEDIA Geneva, 1978 COVERING NOTE GENERAL SECRETARIAT INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION QENfevE, 25 February 198( Subject: CORRIGENDUM No. 1 PLACE DES NATIONS' Volume V XEVth PLENARY ASSEMBLY OF THE CCIR KYOTO, 1978 Recommendation 388-3 REPLACE pages 17 to 26 by the corresponding pages attached. Union internationale des tdldcommunications 1211 GENEVE 2 0 suieae - Switzerland - Suiza Rec. 368-3 17 SECTION 5B: EFFECTS OF THE GROUND Recommendations and Reports RECOMMENDATION 368-3 * GROUND-WAVE PROPAGATION CURVES FOR FREQUENCIES BETWEEN 10 kHz AND 30 MHz (Question 3-2/5) The CCIR, (1951 - 1959 - 1963 - 1970 - 1974 - 1978) CONSIDERING (a) that ground-wave propagation curves for an extended range of frequencies are of continued importance for all types of radiocbmmunication, including navigational aids; (b) that such curves are needed for a range of conductivities if they are to apply to the varying conditions met with in practice along land paths, UNANIMOUSLY RECOMMENDS 1. that the curves in the Annexes I and II be used for the determination of ground-wave field strength at frequencies below 30 MHz under the conditions stated. ANNEX I HOMOGENEOUS PATHS The curves apply to propagation at frequencies below 30 MHz. The following points are to be especially noted with regard to them: 1. they refer to smooth homogenous earth; 2. the effect of the troposphere is accounted for by the assumption of an atmosphere in which the refractive index decreases exponentially with height, as described in Recommendation 369-2; 3. the transmitter and receiver are both assumed to be on the ground. Height-gain effects can be of considerable importance in connection with navigational aids for high-flying aircraft, but it has been decided not to include them at the present time; 4. the curves refer to the following conditions: — the transmitter is an ideal Hertzian vertical electric dipole to which a vertical antenna shorter than one quarter wavelength is nearly equivalent. The dipole moment is SX/rtfi ampere-metres, giving a field of 173.2 mV/m at a distance of 1 km, which is the free-space field from a 1 kW isotropic radiator. Such a dipole would radiate 4/3 kW if the Earth were a perfectly conducting plane, under which conditions the radiation field at a distance of 1 km would be 346.4 mV/m; to refer the curves to the radiation from a short vertical monopole over perfect earth (field 300 mV/m at 1 km) subtract 1.25 dB from the values given by the curves; — the curves are calculated by methods described in Report 714; — the curves are drawn for distances measured around the curved surface of the Earth; — the inverse-distance curve A shown in the figures, to which the curves are asymptotic at short distances, passes through the field value of 346.4 mV/m at a distance of 1 km. 5. the propagation loss defined in Recommendation 341 for ground waves may be determined from the values of the field strength in dB(jxV/m) given in these curves by the use of equation (19) of Report 112, (Volume I). 6. the curves should, in general, be used to determine field strength only when it is known that ionospheric reflections at the frequency under consideration will be negligible in amplitude, for example, propagation in daylight between 150 kHz and 2 MHz and for distances of less than about 2000 km. However, under conditions where the sky wave is comparable with, or even greater than, the ground wave, the curves are still applicable when the effect of the ground wave can be separated from that of the sky wave, by the use of pulse transmissions, as in some forms of direction-finding systems and navigational aids. Sky-wave propagation is treated in Volume VI. 7. these curves have been traced entirely by computer, using the GRWAVE program described in Section 3 of Report 714. They have not been retouched. The presentation of these curves, particularly for short distances, is to be reviewed during the present study period, and if any modifications are considered necessary they are to be submitted to the XVth Plenary Assembly of the CCIR. This Recommendation is brought to the attention of Study Groups 8 and 10. 00 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 Field Field strength (MV/m) VN 30 00 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 7 8 9 2 6 7 8 9 100 10000 Distance (km) FIGURE 1 Ground-wave propagation curves; Sea, a = 5 S/m, e = 80 -------------- : Inverse distance curve 90 80 70 60 ) ib V/ m 50 ( 40 Field Field strength (-r\ 30 00 20 10 0 -10 >20 •30 S 6 7 8 9 S 6 7 8 9 100 10000 Distance (km) FIGURE 2 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a = 3 X 10'1 S/m, e = 4 -------------- : Inverse distance curve v© 100 90 80 70 £ 60 3 PQ S 50 6w> I 40 00 *3 £ 30 Field strength (juV/m) 20 10 0 -10 -20 •30 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 3 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a — 1 0 S/m, e = 4 -------------- . inverse distance curve 120 100 5» <T> O U> Field Field strength (dBOnV/m)) <3\ 00 3 456789 2 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 4 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a = 3 X i0 -3 5/w, e = 4 N> -------------- : Inverse distance curve 10' N> to 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 SO prt 0\u> 30 00 20 10 0 -10 ■20 •30 3 456789 2 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 5 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a — 10~l S/m, e — 4 -------------- : Inverse distance curve 10* 110 1 MHz (300 m) 100 750 kHz (400 m) 500 kHz (600 m) 90 400 kHz (750 m) / 300 kHz (1000 m) 80 / 200 kHz (1 500 m) / 150 kHz (2 000 m) 70 //- 100 kHz (3 000 m) /— 75 kHz (4 000 m) SO j/~~ 50 kHz (6 000 m) 40 kHz (7 500 m) 50 / 30 kHz (10 000 m) i 20 kHz (15 000 m) 40 50 15 n kHz (20 000 m) p 10 kHz (30 000 m) k ON 30 00 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 FIGURE 6 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a = 3 X 10'* S/m, e = 4 K> — ----------: Inverse distance curve U> 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 JO p OJ On 30 00 20 10 0 -10 •20 ■30 3 456789 2 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 7 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, o = 10'* S/m, e — 4 -------------- : Inverse distance curve 120 10‘ 110 100 90 80 70 ? 80 % CO § 50 ,e W> | 40 xs P oj a\ k 30 oo 20 10 0 - 10 -20 •30 4 S 6 7 8 9 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 8 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a = 3 X 10~5 S/m, e = 4 -------------- : Inverse distance curve 120 100 Field Field OV/m))strength (dB 3 456789 2 100 Distance (km) FIGURE 9 Ground-wave propagation curves; Land, a = 10's S/m, t — 4 -------------- : Inverse distance curve INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATION UNION CCIR INTERNATIONAL RADIO CONSULTATIVE COMMITTEE RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS OF THE CCIR, 1978 (ALSO QUESTIONS, STUDY PROGRAMMES, DECISIONS, RESOLUTIONS AND OPINIONS) XlVth PLENARY ASSEMBLY KYOTO, 1978 VOLUME V PROPAGATION IN NON-IONIZED MEDIA TcLEVERKETS CENTRALBIBLIOTEK 1979-09- 2 5 Geneva, 1978 ISBN 92-61-00701-5 II PLAN OF VOLUMES I TO XIII XlVth PLENARY ASSEMBLY OF THE C.C.I.R. (Kyoto, 1978) VOLUME I Spectrum utilization and monitoring. VOLUME II Space research and radioastronomy. VOLUME III Fixed service at frequencies below about 30 MHz. VOLUME IV Fixed service using communication satellites. VOLUME V Propagation in non-ionized media. VOLUME VI Propagation in ionized media. VOLUME VII Standard frequencies and time signals. VOLUME VIII Mobile services. VOLUME IX Fixed service using radio-relay systems. Frequency sharing and coordination between systems in the fixed satellite service and radio-relay systems. VOLUME X Broadcasting service (sound). VOLUME XI Broadcasting service (television). VOLUME XII Transmission of sound broadcasting and television signals over long distances (CMTT). Vocabulary (CMV). VOLUME XIII Information concerning the XlVth Plenary Assembly: Minutes of the Plenary Sessions. Texts of general interest. Structure of the C.C.I.R. Complete list of C.C.I.R. texts. Alphabetical index of technical terms appearing in Volumes I to XII.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • UMTS); Requirements on Ues Supporting a Release-Independent Frequency Band (3GPP TS 25.307 Version 5.3.0 Release 5)
    ETSI TS 125 307 V5.3.0 (2004-09) Technical Specification Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Requirements on UEs supporting a release-independent frequency band (3GPP TS 25.307 version 5.3.0 Release 5) 3GPP TS 25.307 version 5.3.0 Release 5 1 ETSI TS 125 307 V5.3.0 (2004-09) Reference RTS/TSGR-0225307v530 Keywords UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • MMM7210 WCDMA/GSM/EDGE Transceiver
    Freescale Semiconductor Document Number: MMM7210 Data Sheet: Technical Data Rev. 2.2, 07/2010 MMM7210 MMM7210 LGA–170 WCDMA/GSM/EDGE Ordering Information Transceiver Device Device Marking Package MMM7210B MMM7210 170 pin LGA 1 Introduction Contents 1 Introduction . .1 The MMM7210 transceiver is a highly integrated 2 Features . .2 transceiver that supports 3GPP WCDMA/GSM/EGPRS 3 MMM7210 Signal Description . .3 wireless standards. The digital input/output of the 4 Electrostatic Discharge Characteristics . .8 MMM7210 interfaces directly to a baseband processor 5 Electrical Characteristics . .9 using either Freescale legacy interface (FLI) or standard 6 MMM7210 Applications Circuit . .27 3G DigRF interfaces. 7 Package Information and Pinout . .30 8 Product Documentation . .33 The MMM7210 receiver has five independent RF inputs which encompass all wireless band combinations. Each path supports three primary modes of operation: a reduced current and gain state to support WCDMA with an external LNA and interstage SAW, an EGPRS mode in which the LNA is connected directly to a SAW, and a high linearity mode to support WCDMA operation when directly matched to a duplexor. The three different modes provide approximately the same input impedances such that, even though the input match is optimized for one mode, all three modes are usable. Multi-mode RF inputs are converted to a common baseband path which is shared between WCDMA and EGPRS. This common baseband path is optimized for die area and current consumption through the use of a Freescale reserves the right to change the detail specifications as may be required to permit improvements in the design of its products.
    [Show full text]
  • Newnes Radio and RF Engineering Pocket Book ThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlank Newnes Radio and RF Engineering Pocket Book
    Newnes Radio and RF Engineering Pocket Book ThisPageIntentionallyLeftBlank Newnes Radio and RF Engineering Pocket Book 3rd edition Steve Winder Joe Carr OXFORD AMSTERDAM BOSTON LONDON NEW YORK PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Newnes An imprint of Elsevier Science Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 225 Wildwood Avenue, Woburn, MA 01801-2041 First published 1994 Reprinted 2000, 2001 Second edition 2000 Third edition 2002 Copyright 1994, 2000, 2002, Steve Winder. All rights reserved The right of Steve Winder to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 No part of this publication may be reproduced in any material form (including photocopying or storing in any medium by electronic means and whether or not transiently or incidentally to some other use of this publication) without the written permission of the copyright holder except in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London, England W1T 4LP. Applications for the copyright holder’s written permission to reproduce any part of this publication should be addressed to the publisher British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library ISBN 0 7506 5608 5 For information on all Newnes publications visit our website at www.newnespress.com Typeset by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai,
    [Show full text]
  • 3GPP TS 25.307 V5.5.0 (2005-12) Technical Specification
    3GPP TS 25.307 V5.5.0 (2005-12) Technical Specification 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network; Requirements on User Equipments (UEs) supporting a release-independent frequency band (Release 5) The present document has been developed within the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP TM) and may be further elaborated for the purposes of 3GPP. The present document has not been subject to any approval process by the 3GPP Organizational Partners and shall not be implemented. This Specification is provided for future development work within 3GPP only. The Organizational Partners accept no liability for any use of this Specification. Specifications and reports for implementation of the 3GPP TM system should be obtained via the 3GPP Organizational Partners' Publications Offices. Release 5 2 3GPP TS 25.307 V5.5.0 (2005-12) Keywords UMTS, radio, terminal 3GPP Postal address 3GPP support office address 650 Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Internet http://www.3gpp.org Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. © 2004, 3GPP Organizational Partners (ARIB, ATIS, CCSA, ETSI, TTA, TTC). All rights reserved. 3GPP Release 5 3 3GPP TS 25.307 V5.5.0 (2005-12) Contents Foreword ............................................................................................................................................................4
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS); UTRA Repeater Radio Transmission and Reception (3GPP TS 25.106 Version 10.2.0 Release 10)
    ETSI TS 125 106 V10.2.0 (2012-07) Technical Specification Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRA repeater radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 25.106 version 10.2.0 Release 10) 3GPP TS 25.106 version 10.2.0 Release 10 1 ETSI TS 125 106 V10.2.0 (2012-07) Reference RTS/TSGR-0425106va20 Keywords UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS); LTE; E-UTRA, UTRA and GSM/EDGE; Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) Base Station (BS) Radio Transmission and Reception (3GPP TS 37.104 Version 9.5.0 Release 9)
    ETSI TS 137 104 V9.5.0 (2011-06) Technical Specification Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; E-UTRA, UTRA and GSM/EDGE; Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 37.104 version 9.5.0 Release 9) 3GPP TS 37.104 version 9.5.0 Release 9 1 ETSI TS 137 104 V9.5.0 (2011-06) Reference RTS/TSGR-0437104v950 Keywords GSM, LTE, UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Standard Photometric Systems
    7 Aug 2005 11:27 AR AR251-AA43-08.tex XMLPublishSM(2004/02/24) P1: KUV 10.1146/annurev.astro.41.082801.100251 Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 2005. 43:293–336 doi: 10.1146/annurev.astro.41.082801.100251 Copyright c 2005 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved STANDARD PHOTOMETRIC SYSTEMS Michael S. Bessell Research School of Astronomy and Astrophysics, The Australian National University, Weston, ACT 2611, Australia; email: [email protected] KeyWords methods: data analysis, techniques: photometric, spectroscopic, catalogs ■ Abstract Standard star photometry dominated the latter half of the twentieth century reaching its zenith in the 1980s. It was introduced to take advantage of the high sensitivity and large dynamic range of photomultiplier tubes compared to photographic plates. As the quantum efficiency of photodetectors improved and the wavelength range extended further to the red, standard systems were modified and refined, and deviations from the original systems proliferated. The revolutionary shift to area detectors for all optical and IR observations forced further changes to standard systems, and the precision and accuracy of much broad- and intermediate-band photometry suffered until more suitable observational techniques and standard reduction procedures were adopted. But the biggest revolution occurred with the production of all-sky photometric surveys. Hipparcos/Tycho was space based, but most, like 2MASS, were ground-based, dedicated survey telescopes. It is very likely that in the future, rather than making a measurement of an object in some standard photometric system, one will simply look up the magnitudes and colors of most objects in catalogs accessed from the Virtual Observatory.
    [Show full text]
  • UMTS); UTRA Repeater Radio Transmission and Reception (3GPP TS 25.106 Version 12.1.0 Release 12)
    ETSI TS 125 106 V12.1.0 (2015-01) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UTRA repeater radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 25.106 version 12.1.0 Release 12) 3GPP TS 25.106 version 12.1.0 Release 12 1 ETSI TS 125 106 V12.1.0 (2015-01) Reference RTS/TSGR-0425106vc10 Keywords UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http://portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http://portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
    [Show full text]
  • A Spectroscopic Survey of Electronic Transitions of C $ 6 $ H, $^{13
    13 A Spectroscopic Survey of Electronic Transitions of C6H, C6H, and C6D X. Bacallaa,b, E.J. Salumbidesa,c, H. Linnartzb, W. Ubachsa, D. Zhaoa,b,1,˚ aDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, LaserLaB, VU University Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1081, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands bSackler Laboratory for Astrophysics, Leiden Observatory, Leiden University, PO Box 9513, NL-2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands cDepartment of Physics, University of San Carlos, Nasipit, Talamban, Cebu City 6000, Philippines Abstract ´1 Electronic spectra of C6H are measured in the 18 950 ´ 21 100 cm domain using cavity ring-down spectroscopy of a supersonically expanding hydrocarbon plasma. In total, 19 (sub)bands of C6H are presented, all probing the vibrational manifold of the B2Π electronically excited state. The assignments are guided by electronic spectra 13 available from matrix isolation work, isotopic substitution experiments (yielding also spectra for C6H and C6D), predictions from ab initio calculations as well as rotational fitting and vibrational contour simulations using the 0 available ground state parameters as obtained from microwave experiments. Besides the 00 origin band, three non-degenerate stretching vibrations along the linear backbone of the C6H molecule are assigned: the ν6 mode associated with the C–C bond vibration and the ν4 and ν3 modes associated with C”C triple bonds. For the two 2 2 lowest ν11 and ν10 bending modes, a Renner-Teller analysis is performed identifying the µ Σ(ν11) and both µ Σ(ν10) 2 and κ Σ(ν10) components. In addition, two higher lying bending modes are observed, which are tentatively assigned 2 2 2 2 as µ Σ(ν9) and µ Σ(ν8) levels.
    [Show full text]
  • Vibrational Spectroscopy of an Algal Phot-LOV1 Domain Probes the Molecular Changes Associated with Blue-Light Reception
    466 Biophysical Journal Volume 84 January 2003 466–474 Vibrational Spectroscopy of an Algal Phot-LOV1 Domain Probes the Molecular Changes Associated with Blue-Light Reception K. Ataka,* P. Hegemann,y and J. Heberle* *Forschungszentrum Ju¨lich, IBI-2: Structural Biology, 52425 Ju¨lich, Germany, and yInstitut fu¨r Biochemie I, Universita¨t Regensburg, Universita¨tsstrasse 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany ABSTRACT The LOV1 domain of the blue light Phot1-receptor (phototropin homolog) from Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been studied by vibrational spectroscopy. The FMN modes of the dark state of LOV1 were identified by preresonance Raman spectroscopy and assigned to molecular vibrations. By comparing the blue-light-induced FTIR difference spectrum with the preresonance Raman spectrum, most of the differences are due to FMN modes. Thus, we exclude large backbone changes of the protein that might occur during the phototransformation of the dark state LOV1-447 into the putative signaling state LOV1- 390. Still, the presence of smaller amide difference bands cannot be excluded but may be masked by overlapping FMN modes. The band at 2567 cmÿ1 is assigned to the S-H stretching vibration of C57, the residue that forms the transient thio-adduct with the chromophore FMN. The occurrence of this band is evidence that C57 is protonated in the dark state of LOV1. This result challenges conclusions from the homologous LOV2 domain from oat that the thiolate of the corresponding cysteine is the reactive species. INTRODUCTION Blue-light reception in plants leads to phototropic plant 1.9 A˚ , respectively. The overall protein fold of both LOV movement, chloroplast relocation, and opening of stomatal domains is nearly identical and characteristic for the large guard cells (see Briggs and Christie, 2002, for a recent family of Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) domains.
    [Show full text]
  • Mobile Terminal RF Circuit Technology for Increasing Capacity/Coverage and International Roaming
    IMT-2000 Multi-band RFIC Mobile Terminal RF Circuit Technology for Increasing Capacity/Coverage and International Roaming Ever since the first mobile phones were introduced, the radio Communication Device Development Takashi Okada Department transceiver circuits in mobile terminals have continued to evolve in order to produce devices that are smaller and more lightweight, offer longer talk times, and have greater capaci- ty and coverage. In the future, they will need to evolve further still with a view to the implementation of next-generation mobile phones. This article summarizes how this technology has developed, particularly with regard to the radio trans- ceiver circuit technology of FOMA terminals, and describes the trends of future developments. roaming service to foreign travelers. al System for Mobile communications 1. Introduction In these expanded FOMA services, (GSM)[2], and since the FOMA 905i The FOMA Third-Generation a better user convenience can be pro- series, these terminals have been provid- mobile phone service first started out in vided if a single mobile terminal can ed with dual-mode (W-CDMA/GSM) the 2 GHz band in October 2001. Later, communicate in all FOMA areas, and if capabilities as standard. in order to expand the service area effi- users can carry on using the same As these mobile terminals evolved, ciently in rural areas, services using the mobile terminals when they go abroad. we continued to add new functions by 800 MHz band were also started up in We therefore adapted to these band incorporating the latest technology into June 2005 (FOMA Plus-Area). More expansions by developing and market- the radio transceiver circuits so as not to recently, new services using the 1.7 ing the FOMA 901iS series of dual affect the size trend of mobile terminals GHz band were introduced in June band (2 GHz/800 MHz) mobile termi- or their battery life.
    [Show full text]
  • Etsi Ts 137 104 V15.3.0 (2018-07)
    ETSI TS 137 104 V15.3.0 (2018-07) TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); LTE; E-UTRA, UTRA and GSM/EDGE; Multi-Standard Radio (MSR) Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 37.104 version 15.3.0 Release 15) 3GPP TS 37.104 version 15.3.0 Release 15 1 ETSI TS 137 104 V15.3.0 (2018-07) Reference RTS/TSGR-0437104vf30 Keywords GSM,LTE,UMTS ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N° 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association à but non lucratif enregistrée à la Sous-Préfecture de Grasse (06) N° 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http://www.etsi.org/standards-search The present document may be made available in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at https://portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https://portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI.
    [Show full text]