Table of Contents (PDF)

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Table of Contents (PDF) Contents Preface Lizhen Ji, Frans Oort, and Shing-Tung Yau ..................................................................ix Photographs ....................................................................................................................xi The Legacy of Bernhard Riemann After One Hundred and Fifty Years, Volume I What One Should Know About Riemann But May Not Know? Lizhen Ji and Shing-Tung Yau ......................................................................................1 Riemann’s Influence in Geometry, Analysis and Number Theory Sir Michael F. Atiyah.................................................................................................57 Riemann’s Saddle-point Method and the Riemann–Siegel Formula M. V. Berry ..............................................................................................................69 The Period Matrices and Theta Functions of Riemann Ching-Li Chai ...........................................................................................................79 Riemann’s Hypothesis Brian Conrey ..........................................................................................................107 Extension of Holomorphic Functions Defined on Non-Reduced Analytic Subvarieties Jean-Pierre Demailly...............................................................................................191 Bundles with Extra Geometric or Dynamic Structure F. T. Farrell............................................................................................................223 The Theory of Shock Waves: From Riemann through Today James Glimm, Dan Marchesin, and Bradley Plohr......................................................251 Riemann’s Existence Theorem David Harbater ......................................................................................................275 The Historical Roots of the Concept of Riemann Surfaces Lizhen Ji.................................................................................................................287 The Story of Riemann’s Moduli Space Lizhen Ji.................................................................................................................307 Riemann and the Modern Concept of Space Jürgen Jost ..............................................................................................................359 vii viii CONTENTS The Legacy of Bernhard Riemann After One Hundred and Fifty Years, Volume II Survey on Analytic and Topological Torsion Wolfgang Lück........................................................................................................379 The Riemann Minimal Examples William H. Meeks III and Joaquín Pérez....................................................................417 Manifolds of Mappings and Shapes Peter W. Michor......................................................................................................459 The Riemann Hypothesis over Finite Fields: From Weil to the Present Day James S. Milne ........................................................................................................487 The Riemann-Hurwitz Formula Frans Oort .............................................................................................................567 Early History of the Riemann Hypothesis in Positive Characteristic Frans Oort and Norbert Schappacher .......................................................................595 Riemann’s Influence in Number Theory from a Computational and Experimental Perspective Michael Rubinstein..................................................................................................633 Riemann Problem and Shock Capturing Schemes Chi-Wang Shu ........................................................................................................681 A Discourse on the Measurable Riemann Mapping Theorem & Incompressible Fluid Motion Dennis Sullivan.......................................................................................................691 The Mertens Conjecture Herman J. J. te Riele ................................................................................................703 Hodge Structures, Coniveau and Algebraic Cycles Claire Voisin...........................................................................................................719 .
Recommended publications
  • Elliptic Systems on Riemann Surfaces
    Lecture Notes of TICMI, Vol.13, 2012 Giorgi Akhalaia, Grigory Giorgadze, Valerian Jikia, Neron Kaldani, Giorgi Makatsaria, Nino Manjavidze ELLIPTIC SYSTEMS ON RIEMANN SURFACES © Tbilisi University Press Tbilisi Abstract. Systematic investigation of Elliptic systems on Riemann surface and new results from the theory of generalized analytic functions and vectors are pre- sented. Complete analysis of the boundary value problem of linear conjugation and Riemann-Hilbert monodromy problem for the Carleman-Bers-Vekua irregular systems are given. 2000 Mathematics Subject Classi¯cation: 57R45 Key words and phrases: Generalized analytic function, Generalized analytic vector, irregular Carleman-Bers-Vekua equation, linear conjugation problem, holo- morphic structure, Beltrami equation Giorgi Akhalaia, Grigory Giorgadze*, Valerian Jikia, Neron Kaldani I.Vekua Institute of Applied Mathematics of I. Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University 2 University st., Tbilisi 0186, Georgia Giorgi Makatsaria St. Andrews Georgian University 53a Chavchavadze Ave., Tbilisi 0162, Georgia Nino Manjavidze Georgian Technical University 77 M. Kostava st., Tbilisi 0175, Georgia * Corresponding Author. email: [email protected] Contents Preface 5 1 Introduction 7 2 Functional spaces induced from regular Carleman-Bers-Vekua equations 15 2.1 Some functional spaces . 15 2.2 The Vekua-Pompej type integral operators . 16 2.3 The Carleman-Bers-Vekua equation . 18 2.4 The generalized polynomials of the class Ap;2(A; B; C), p > 2 . 20 2.5 Some properties of the generalized power functions . 22 2.6 The problem of linear conjugation for generalized analytic functions . 26 3 Beltrami equation 28 4 The pseudoanalytic functions 36 4.1 Relation between Beltrami and holomorphic disc equations . 38 4.2 The periodicity of the space of generalized analytic functions .
    [Show full text]
  • Of Triangles, Gas, Price, and Men
    OF TRIANGLES, GAS, PRICE, AND MEN Cédric Villani Univ. de Lyon & Institut Henri Poincaré « Mathematics in a complex world » Milano, March 1, 2013 Riemann Hypothesis (deepest scientific mystery of our times?) Bernhard Riemann 1826-1866 Riemann Hypothesis (deepest scientific mystery of our times?) Bernhard Riemann 1826-1866 Riemannian (= non-Euclidean) geometry At each location, the units of length and angles may change Shortest path (= geodesics) are curved!! Geodesics can tend to get closer (positive curvature, fat triangles) or to get further apart (negative curvature, skinny triangles) Hyperbolic surfaces Bernhard Riemann 1826-1866 List of topics named after Bernhard Riemann From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Riemann singularity theorem Cauchy–Riemann equations Riemann solver Compact Riemann surface Riemann sphere Free Riemann gas Riemann–Stieltjes integral Generalized Riemann hypothesis Riemann sum Generalized Riemann integral Riemann surface Grand Riemann hypothesis Riemann theta function Riemann bilinear relations Riemann–von Mangoldt formula Riemann–Cartan geometry Riemann Xi function Riemann conditions Riemann zeta function Riemann curvature tensor Zariski–Riemann space Riemann form Riemannian bundle metric Riemann function Riemannian circle Riemann–Hilbert correspondence Riemannian cobordism Riemann–Hilbert problem Riemannian connection Riemann–Hurwitz formula Riemannian cubic polynomials Riemann hypothesis Riemannian foliation Riemann hypothesis for finite fields Riemannian geometry Riemann integral Riemannian graph Bernhard
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Riemann Solvers I
    Chapter 6 Riemann solvers I The numerical hydrodynamics algorithms we have devised in Chapter 5 were based on the idea of operator splitting between the advection and pressure force terms. The advection was done, for all conserved quantities, using the gas velocity, while the pressure force and work terms were treated as source terms. From Chapter 2 we know, however, thatthecharacteristicsoftheEuler equations are not necessarily all equal to the gas velocity. We have seen that there exist an eigen- vector which indeed has the gas velocity as eigenvectors, λ0 = u,buttherearetwoeigenvectors which have eigenvalues λ = u C which belong to the forward and backward sound propa- ± ± s gation. Mathematically speaking one should do the advectioninthesethreeeigenvectors,using their eigenvalues as advection velocity. The methods in Chapter 5 do not do this. By extracting the pressure terms out of the advection part and adding them asasourceterm,theadvectionpart has been reduced essentially to Burger’s equation,andthepropagationofsoundwavesisentirely driven by the addition of the source terms. Such methods therefore do not formally propagate the sound waves using advection, even though mathematically they should be. All the effort we have done in Chapters 3 and 4 to create the best advection schemes possible will therefore have no effect on the propagation of sound waves. Once could say that for two out of three characteristics our ingeneous advection scheme is useless. Riemann solvers on the other hand keep the pressure terms within the to-be-advected sys- tem. There is no pressure source term in these equations. The mathematical character of the equations remains intact. Such solvers therefore propagateallthecharacteristicsonequalfoot- ing.
    [Show full text]
  • Quasiconformal Mappings, from Ptolemy's Geography to the Work Of
    Quasiconformal mappings, from Ptolemy’s geography to the work of Teichmüller Athanase Papadopoulos To cite this version: Athanase Papadopoulos. Quasiconformal mappings, from Ptolemy’s geography to the work of Teich- müller. 2016. hal-01465998 HAL Id: hal-01465998 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01465998 Preprint submitted on 13 Feb 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. QUASICONFORMAL MAPPINGS, FROM PTOLEMY'S GEOGRAPHY TO THE WORK OF TEICHMULLER¨ ATHANASE PAPADOPOULOS Les hommes passent, mais les œuvres restent. (Augustin Cauchy, [204] p. 274) Abstract. The origin of quasiconformal mappings, like that of confor- mal mappings, can be traced back to old cartography where the basic problem was the search for mappings from the sphere onto the plane with minimal deviation from conformality, subject to certain conditions which were made precise. In this paper, we survey the development of cartography, highlighting the main ideas that are related to quasicon- formality. Some of these ideas were completely ignored in the previous historical surveys on quasiconformal mappings. We then survey early quasiconformal theory in the works of Gr¨otzsch, Lavrentieff, Ahlfors and Teichm¨uller,which are the 20th-century founders of the theory.
    [Show full text]
  • Riemann, Schottky, and Schwarz on Conformal Representation
    Appendix 1 Riemann, Schottky, and Schwarz on Conformal Representation In his Thesis [1851], Riemann sought to prove that if a function u satisfies cer- tain conditions on the boundary of a surface T, then it is the real part of a unique complex function which can be defined on the whole of T. He was then able to show that any two simply connected surfaces (other than the complex plane itself Riemann was considering bounded surfaces) can be mapped conformally onto one another, and that the map is unique once the images of one boundary point and one interior point are specified; he claimed analogous results for any two surfaces of the same connectivity [w To prove that any two simply connected surfaces are conformally equivalent, he observed that it is enough to take for one surface the unit disc K = {z : Izl _< l} and he gave [w an account of how this result could be proved by means of what he later [1857c, 103] called Dirichlet's principle. He considered [w (i) the class of functions, ~., defined on a surface T and vanishing on the bound- ary of T, which are continuous, except at some isolated points of T, for which the integral t= rx + ry dt is finite; and (ii) functions ct + ~. = o9, say, satisfying dt=f2 < oo Ox Oy + for fixed but arbitrary continuous functions a and ft. 224 Appendix 1. Riemann, Schottky, and Schwarz on Conformal Representation He claimed that f2 and L vary continuously with varying ,~. but cannot be zero, and so f2 takes a minimum value for some o9.
    [Show full text]
  • Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann
    Georg Friedrich Bernhard Riemann By: Supervised: Sandra Hanbo Dr. Vágó Zsuzsanna Biography • Born in 17 September 1826 in Breselenz, Kingdom of Hannover (Germany now) • Father : Friedrich Bernhard Riemann. Poor Lutheran pastor • Mother: Charlotte Ebell • Wife: Elise Koch and they had a daughter Elda • Universities : University of Göttingen (1846) studying math under Gauss, University of Berlin (1847) continuing study by : Carl Gustav Jacob Jacobi, Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, Jakob Steiner, and Gotthold Eisenstein • Doctoral supervisor : Carl Friedrich Gauss • Honors awarded to Bernhard Riemann 1. Fellow of the Royal Society: 1866 2. Lunar features: Crater Riemann 3. Popular biographies list: Number 18 • Dead : 20 July 1866 in Selasca (Italy) Some of his Articles • Basics for a general theory of functions of a changeable complex Size.- 1851 • On the Number of Primes Less Than a Given –1859 • On the laws of the distribution of voltage electricity in ponderable bodies, if these are not regarded as perfect conductors or non-conductors, but as reluctant to contain voltage electricity with finite force- - 1854 • On the theory of Nobili's color rings -1855 • Contributions to the theory of the functions that can be represented by the Gaussian series F (α, β, γ,( .- 1857 • Theory of Abel's functions -1857 • About the disappearance of the theta functions - 1866 Some topics named after Riemann • Cauchy–Riemann equations • Riemann form • Riemann Geometry • Riemann mapping theorem • Riemann problem • Riemann surface • Riemann solver • Riemann's differential equation • Riemann's explicit formula Riemann surface for f(z) = z1/2. Image by Leonid 2. • Riemann's minimal surface Famous Scientists – Bernard Riemann And others … References: • Articles: • "Bernhard Riemann." Famous Scientists.
    [Show full text]
  • An Approximate Solution of the Riemann Problem for a Realisable Second-Moment Turbulent Closure Christophe Berthon, Frédéric Coquel, Jean-Marc Hérard, Markus Uhlmann
    An approximate solution of the Riemann problem for a realisable second-moment turbulent closure Christophe Berthon, Frédéric Coquel, Jean-Marc Hérard, Markus Uhlmann To cite this version: Christophe Berthon, Frédéric Coquel, Jean-Marc Hérard, Markus Uhlmann. An approximate solution of the Riemann problem for a realisable second-moment turbulent closure. Shock Waves, Springer Verlag, 2002, 11 (4), pp.245-269. 10.1007/s001930100109. hal-01484338 HAL Id: hal-01484338 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01484338 Submitted on 10 Mar 2017 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. 2 C. Berthon et al.: An approximate solution of the Riemann problem 1 Introduction above, many papers referenced in the work by Uhlmann (1997) address this problem. Thus, the basic two ideas We present herein some new results, which are expected underlined in the work are actually the followingones. to be useful for numerical studies of turbulent compress- Assumingthe second-moment closure approach is indeed ible flows usingsecond order closures. These seem to be a suitable one, how should one try to compute unsteady attractive from both theoretical and numerical points of flows including discontinuities (shocks and contact dis- view.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 6 Riemann Solvers I
    Chapter 6 Riemann solvers I The numerical hydrodynamics algorithms we have devised in Chapter 5 were based on the idea of operator splitting between the advection and pressure force terms. The advection was done, for all conserved quantities, using the gas velocity, while the pressure force and work terms were treated as source terms. From Chapter 2 we know, however, that the characteristics of the Euler equations are not necessarily all equal to the gas velocity. We have seen that there exist an eigen- vector which indeed has the gas velocity as eigenvectors, λ0 = u, but there are two eigenvectors which have eigenvalues λ = u C which belong to the forward and backward sound propa- ± ± s gation. Mathematically speaking one should do the advection in these three eigenvectors, using their eigenvalues as advection velocity. The methods in Chapter 5 do not do this. By extracting the pressure terms out of the advection part and adding them as a source term, the advection part has been reduced essentially to Burger’s equation, and the propagation of sound waves is entirely driven by the addition of the source terms. Such methods therefore do not formally propagate the sound waves using advection, even though mathematically they should be. All the effort we have done in Chapters 3 and 4 to create the best advection schemes possible will therefore have no effect on the propagation of sound waves. Once could say that for two out of three characteristics our ingeneous advection scheme is useless. Riemann solvers on the other hand keep the pressure terms within the to-be-advected sys- tem.
    [Show full text]
  • Mathematics of Computation 1943—1993: a Half-Century of Computational Mathematics
    http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/psapm/048 Recent Titles in This Series 48 Walter Gautschi, editor, Mathematics of Computation 1943-1993: A half century of computational mathematics (Vancouver, British Columbia, August 1993) 47 Ingrid Daubechies, editor, Different perspectives on wavelets (San Antonio, Texas, January 1993) 46 Stefan A. Burr, editor, The unreasonable effectiveness of number theory (Orono, Maine, August 1991) 45 De Witt L. Sumners, editor, New scientific applications of geometry and topology (Baltimore, Maryland, January 1992) 44 Bela Bollobas, editor, Probabilistic combinatorics and its applications (San Francisco, California, January 1991) 43 Richard K. Guy, editor, Combinatorial games (Columbus, Ohio, August 1990) 42 C. Pomerance, editor, Cryptology and computational number theory (Boulder, Colorado, August 1989) 41 R. W. Brocket!, editor, Robotics (Louisville, Kentucky, January 1990) 40 Charles R. Johnson, editor, Matrix theory and applications (Phoenix, Arizona, January 1989) 39 Robert L. Devaney and Linda Keen, editors, Chaos and fractals: The mathematics behind the computer graphics (Providence, Rhode Island, August 1988) 38 Juris Hartmanis, editor, Computational complexity theory (Atlanta, Georgia, January 1988) 37 Henry J. Landau, editor, Moments in mathematics (San Antonio, Texas, January 1987) 36 Carl de Boor, editor, Approximation theory (New Orleans, Louisiana, January 1986) 35 Harry H. Panjer, editor, Actuarial mathematics (Laramie, Wyoming, August 1985) 34 Michael Anshel and William Gewirtz, editors, Mathematics of information processing (Louisville, Kentucky, January 1984) 33 H. Peyton Young, editor, Fair allocation (Anaheim, California, January 1985) 32 R. W. McKelvey, editor, Environmental and natural resource mathematics (Eugene, Oregon, August 1984) 31 B. Gopinath, editor, Computer communications (Denver, Colorado, January 1983) 30 Simon A.
    [Show full text]
  • An Efficient, Second Order Accurate, Universal Generalized Riemann Problem Solver Based on the HLLI Riemann Solver by Dinshaw S
    An Efficient, Second Order Accurate, Universal Generalized Riemann Problem Solver Based on the HLLI Riemann Solver By Dinshaw S. Balsara1 , Jiequan Li2 and Gino I. Montecinos3 1Physics and ACMS Departments, University of Notre Dame ([email protected]) 2Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics, Beijing ([email protected]) 3University of Chile, Santiago ([email protected]) Abstract The Riemann problem, and the associated generalized Riemann problem, are increasingly seen as the important building blocks for modern higher order Godunov-type schemes. In the past, building a generalized Riemann problem solver was seen as an intricately mathematical task because the associated Riemann problem is different for each hyperbolic system of interest. This paper changes that situation. The HLLI Riemann solver is a recently-proposed Riemann solver that is universal in that it is applicable to any hyperbolic system, whether in conservation form or with non-conservative products. The HLLI Riemann solver is also complete in the sense that if it is given a complete set of eigenvectors, it represents all waves with minimal dissipation. It is, therefore, very attractive to build a generalized Riemann problem solver version of the HLLI Riemann solver. This is the task that is accomplished in the present paper. We show that at second order, the generalized Riemann problem version of the HLLI Riemann solver is easy to design. Our GRP solver is also complete and universal because it inherits those good properties from original HLLI Riemann solver. We also show how our GRP solver can be adapted to the solution of hyperbolic systems with stiff source terms.
    [Show full text]
  • Commutative Algebras Associated with Classic Equations Ofmathematicalphysics
    Trends in Mathematics Trends in Mathematics is a series devoted to the publication of volumes arising from conferences and lecture series focusing on a particular topic from any area of mathematics. Its aim is to make current developments available to the community as rapidly as possible without compromise to quality and to archive these for reference. Proposals for volumes can be submitted using the Online Book Project Submission Form at our website www.birkhauser-science.com. Material submitted for publication must be screened and prepared as follows: All contributions should undergo a reviewing process similar to that carried out by journals and be checked for correct use of language which, as a rule, is English. Articles without proofs, or which do not contain any significantly new results, should be rejected. High quality survey papers, however, are welcome. We expect the organizers to deliver manuscripts in a form that is essentially ready for direct reproduction. Any version of TEX is acceptable, but the entire collection of files must be in one particular dialect of TEX and unified according to simple instructions available from Birkhäuser. Furthermore, in order to guarantee the timely appearance of the proceedings it is essential that the final version of the entire material be submitted no later than one year after the conference. Advances in Applied Analysis Sergei V. Rogosin Anna A. Koroleva Editors Editors Sergei V. Rogosin Anna A. Koroleva Department of Economics Department of Economics Belarusian State University Belarusian State University Minsk, Belarus Minsk, Belarus ISBN 978-3-0348-0416-5 ISBN 978-3-0348-0417-2 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-0348- 0417 -2 Springer Basel Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London Library of Congress Control Number: 2012946916 Mathematics Subject Classification (2010): Primary: 30-02, 35-02, 11M06, 26A33, 30E25, 30G25, 76D27; secondary: 22E46, 30D05, 30K05, 31A30, 35A10, 35R11 © Springer Basel 2012 This work is subject to copyright.
    [Show full text]
  • Part C 2013-14 for Examination in 2014
    UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Mathematical Institute HONOUR SCHOOL OF MATHEMATICS SUPPLEMENT TO THE UNDERGRADUATE HANDBOOK – 2010 Matriculation SYNOPSES OF LECTURE COURSES Part C 2013-14 for examination in 2014 These synopses can be found at: http://www.maths.ox.ac.uk/current- students/undergraduates/handbooks-synopses/ Issued October 2013 Handbook for the Undergraduate Mathematics Courses Supplement to the Handbook Honour School of Mathematics Syllabus and Synopses for Part C 2013{14 for examination in 2014 Contents 1 Foreword 4 Honour School of Mathematics . .4 \Units" . .4 Registration . .4 2 Mathematics Department units 6 C1.1a: Model Theory | Prof Zilber | 16MT . .6 C1.1b: G¨odel'sIncompleteness Theorems | Dr Paseau | 16HT . .7 C1.2a: Analytic Topology | Dr Suabedissen | 16MT . .8 C1.2b: Axiomatic Set Theory | Dr Suabedissen | 16HT . .9 C2.1a: Lie Algebras | Dr Szendroi | 16MT . 10 C2.1b: Representation Theory of Symmetric Groups | Prof. Henke |16HT 11 C2.2a: Commutative Algebra | Prof Segal | 16MT . 13 C2.2b Homological Algebra | Dr Dyckerhoff | 16HT . 13 C2.3b: Infinite Groups | Dr Nikolov | 16HT . 14 C3.1a: Algebraic Topology | Prof. Tillmann | 16MT . 15 C3.2b: Geometric Group Theory | Dr Papazoglou | 16HT . 16 C3.3b: Differentiable Manifolds | Prof. Hitchin | 16HT . 17 C3.4a: Algebraic Geometry | Dr Berczi | 16MT . 18 C3.4b: Lie Groups | Dr Ritter | 16HT . 20 C4.1a: Functional Analysis | Prof. Kristensen | 16MT . 21 C4.1b Linear Operators | Prof. Batty | 16HT . 22 1 2 C5.1a Methods of Functional Analysis for PDEs | Prof. Seregin | 16MT 23 C5.1b Fixed Point Methods for Nonlinear PDEs | Dr Nguyen | 16HT . 25 C5.2b: Calculus of Variations | Prof. Shkoller | 16HT .
    [Show full text]