Of the Atakapa Language Accompanied by Text Material

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SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 108

A DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE ACCOMPANIED BY TEXT MATERIAL

ALBERT S. GATSCHET AND JOHN R. SWANTON

SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 108

A DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE ACCOMPANIED BY TEXT MATERIAL

ALBERT S. GATSCHET AND JOHN R. SWANTON

UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE

WASHINGTON : 1932

For sale by the Superinteudent of Documents, Washington, D. C.

LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL

Smithsonian Institution, ' Bureau of American Ethnology, Washington, D. C, May 16, 1931. Sir: I have the honor to submit the accompanying manuscript, entitled "A Dictionary of the Atakapa Language," by Albert S. Gatschet and John R. Swanton, and to recommend that it^^be^'published as a bulletin of the Bureau of American Ethnology. Very respectfully j^ours, M. W. Stirling, Chief. Dr. C. G. Abbot, Secretary of the Smithsonian Institution. in

CONTENTS

Page Introduction 1 Atakapa texts: 1 The western Atakapa 9 2. Cakta'lko 11 3. Children's ears and faces 12 4. Yu'lc Caki'n O'k 12 5. Biographic notice of Ponponne 14 6. Chief Cukuhu'-i and Cyprien 16 7. Treatment of the sick 17 8. Himo'c (burial) 18 9. A fight among negroes at Lake Charles 20 Atakapa-English dictionary 21 Index to the Atakapa dictionary 161

ILLUSTRATION

Plate 1. Albert Samuel Gatschet-

BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY BULLETIN 108 PLATE 1

ALBERT Samuel Gatschet A DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE (ACCOMPANIED BY TEXT MATERIAL)

By Albert S. Gatschet and John R. Swanton

INTRODUCTION

By John R. Swanton

Atakapa dialects were spoken from Vermilion Bay and the lower course of Bayou Teche, La., to Galveston Bay and Trinity River, Tex., and extended westward from the Trinity an uncertain distance between the territories of the Tonkawan and Karankawan tribes. All of the Indians between Vermilion and Galveston Bays were called Atakapa by the French, but those on Trinity River and Bay were known to the Spaniards as Horcoquisa, Orcoquisac, or some similar designation, which we may simplify to Akokisa. The termination isa orisac stands for the native word "ishak" (icak) meaning "people," but the significance of the first two syllables is uncertain. They may contain the word for "river," or the word meaning "west." Hildke ishak would be "western people" and might have been employed in contradistinction to the name given some of the Louisi- ana bands, i. e., Hiyekiti ishak, "eastern people," or "sunrise people." The name "Atakapa " was an opprobrious epithet bestowed by the Choctaw. It signifies "man-eater" (hatak-apa) and probably was not confined in application to the people under consideration but extended to the Gulf coast tribes in this region generally, who did, it is true, have the gruesome custom of eating portions of dead, enemies, though cannibalism was by no means extensively resorted to. Most that is known regarding the history and ethnology of the Atakapa I have already given in Bulletin 43 of this series. Further interesting notes have been collected by Dr. J. O. Dyer in two small pamphlets entitled "The Early History of Galveston" (Pt. I, Galveston, 1916), and "The Lake Charles Atakapas (Cannibals) period of 1817-1820" (Galveston, 1917). In Bulletin 68 I instituted a linguistic comparison between the Atakapa, Chitimacha, and Tunica languages, which had been placed by Powell in three distinct linguistic families, and from this concluded that they were genetically related. I suggested the name Tunican for the new stock, since Tunica was the oldest of the three to appear in the narratives of European explorers, and, signifying simply "people," —

2 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull, lo is more appropriate than either of the others. In the International Journal of American Linguistics (vol. 5, Nos. 2-4, pp. 121-149) will be found a grammatical sketch of the language prepared by the present writer. The Atakapa and Akokisa embraced four or five principal bands on Vermilion Bayou, Mermentau, Calcasieu, the Sabine and Neches, and Trinity Rivers. The two first mentioned were those known especially as Hiyekiti or Easterners, and spoke a dialect differing in some measure from the language of the remainder. Judging by the only vocabulary of Akokisa which has been preserved to us, the speech of the Trinity River Atakapa differed little from that of the Calcasieu and Sabine Indians. It is probable, though not as yet demonstrated, that the tribe which gave Opelousas its name spoke the Eastern Atakapa tongue. Plainly its affinities were either with Atakapa or Chitimacha and not with the Muskhogean family. Westward, the researches of Prof. Herbert E. Bolton have shown quite conclusivel}'- that the Atakapan group included the Bidai, after whom Bedias Creek has received its name, and at least two tribes still farther west, the Deadoses and Patiri. The Han, found by Cabeza de Vaca in occu- pancy of the eastern end of Galveston Island in 1528, were probably Atakapan. Han may have been derived from an or a°, the Atakapa word for "house." The first vocabulary known to have been taken do^vn from any tribe of this group was also the last to be brought to the attention of students. It was collected by Jean B^renger, captain of the vessel Subtile, in which an expedition under Bernard de la Harpe set out for the Bay of Saint Bernard in 1721. Falling short of their objective, the explorers visited Galveston Bay and returned to Louisiana in less than a month, carrying off with them nine of the Indians of that region, who escaped not long afterwards and undertook to return to their native country. There is reason to suppose that part of them succeeded, since, in 1722, some Indians from the westward visited New Orleans and stated that eight of this band had passed through their country and had been supplied by them with bows and arrows in order that they might obtain subsistence for themselves during the rest of their journey. On the passage to Louisiana with these un- fortunates B^renger, by taking down a vocabulary of 45 words, was able to compensate to the learning of the future, and in some measure to the Indians themselves, for the cruel act of his superior. This invaluable record of Akokisa speech lay hidden among the colonial documents in the national archives of France until 1919 when, along with an equally valuable Karankawa vocabulary, it was published by MM. de Villiers du Terrage and Paul Rivet in the Journal de la

Societe des Americanistes de Paris. ^ A copy of Beranger's memoir

> Les Indiens du Texas et les Expeditions fran^aises de 1720 et 1721, in vol. xi (n. s.), 1914-19, pp. 403-442. GATSCHET 8WANT0N J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE

had meanwhile found its way into a collection of manuscripts in the possession of a Swiss gentleman and these were purchased by Edward E. Ayer to add to his Americana in the Newberry Library, Chicago. I came upon this in the course of investigations in the Ayer collection and obtained a photostat copy. The two vocabularies, along with explanatory material and facsimile reproductions of the copies, I prepared for publication in the International Journal of American Linguistics, but before they could be put in type the one by Du Terrage and Rivet made its appearance and I withdrew my own. This would not now require mention except that on one or two points the copy, or my interpretation of the copy, is nearer the Atakapa original as checked by Gatschet's material than the rendering given in the French publication. Perhaps, when the copy was made, the original writing was clearer than at present, or possibly my greater familiarity with Atakapa through the Gatschet vocabularies may have given me an advantage in transUterating some of the words. For our knowledge of the eastern Atakapa dialect we are almost entirely dependent on a vocabulary containing 287 entries taken down at the Attackapas Post (modern FrankUn) April 23, 1802, by Martin Duralde, along with a Chitimacha vocabulary and some scanty ethnological information. Pilling attributes the original collection of the words to a man named Murray from whom Duralde copied them, and indeed the common use of sh with its English value instead of the ch which a Frenchman would have used, or x or some other circumlocution a Spaniard would probably have employed, lends color to the idea that it came through someone familiar with Enghsh. One copy of this vocabulary reached the American Philosophical Society in Philadelphia through Dr. John Sibley. It was published in part by Albert Gallatin, along with his comparative vocabularies, in the Transactions and Collections of the American Antiquarian Society, Volume II (Cambridge, 1836), pages 307-367, and in John Severin Vater's Analekten der Sprachenkunde, Leipzig, 1821, pages 63-84. A copy of the Atakapa words in the latter was made by Oscar Loew in May, 1877, and revised by Doctor Gatschet in January, 1879. Gatschet's copy is preserved among the manuscripts in the Bureau of American Ethnology and has been one main reliance of the writer for the eastern Atakapa forms. Another copy of this manuscript, apparently that retained by its author, was later dis- covered among some old papers in the loft of a house at or near Opelousas, La., where they had lain for some 40 years, and where unfortunately the mice had destroyed considerable portions of them. Its title, translated from the original French, was, "Two vocabularies of the Indian nations, the Chetimaches and Attacapas, being a letter written to Sir William Dunbar, respecting some of the curi- 4 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull, los osities of the country, to be communicated to the Society of the North." This translation and a translation of the rest of the original material, except of course the Indian terms, was made by a Dr. W. M. Carpenter, the gentleman who furnished the above information. In his introductory note he gives the date "August 23d, 1848," but it does not appear to whom the manuscript was sent, though it was among some papers of J. R. Bartlett which came to the Bureau of American Ethnology through Mr. J. N. B. Hewitt. Presumably the original remained in Doctor Carpenter's possession and we can hardly hope that it has survived. The William Dunbar ennobled by the author of the original manuscript is of course that "William Dunbar of Natchez" whose journal of explorations up the Red, the Black, and the Washita Rivers (in Documents Relating to the Purchase and Exploration of Louisiana, Boston, 1904) and paper on The Language of Signs Among Certain North American Indians (Trans- actions of the American Philosophical Society vol. VI (o. s.), pp. 1-8, Philadelphia, 1809) are well known. By him it was evidently transferred to Doctor Sibley and thus to the PhOosophical Society, "the Society of the North" of the manuscript. Although Gatschet took pains to correct the printed vocabularies by comparing them with the original, on the whole the Carpenter manuscript appears to be more reliable than his own copy, at least if we may judge by a comparison of both with the language of the western Atakapa. A few words in confirmation of the correctness of some of those in the manuscripts were obtained by Gatschet in 1885 from Louison Huntmgton, one of his two principal informants, who had gotten them from an eastern Atakapa woman named Fanchon- ette, wife of the last western Atakapa head chief. The western Atakapa linguistic material, constituting by far the greater portion that has been preserved, was collected by Doctor Gatschet in January, 1885, at Lake Charles, from Louison Hunt- ington and Delilah Moss, or Delia Moss as she was commonly called. The latter was one year younger than Louison, but seems to have been the better informant, and she had a much fuller knowledge of EngHsh. Gatschet made his earhest records from Louison, using first a copy of Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages. Later he employed a number of small school copy books ruled wdth 21 lines to the page which he afterwards had bound together and lettered "Atakapa Language" on the back. The writing begins on page 3 and extends to page 178, but there are two pages of entries in Mobilian, two pages devoted to "Atdkapa-Shetimasha affinities" and containing nothing new, and one or two unused or only partially used pages. The rest is filled quite solidly. Almost the whole of the entries on pages 3 to 115, inclusive, consisted originally of material sw/nton] dictionary OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 5 obtained from Louison Huntington and was entered in black ink. Afterwards Gatschet went over all of this with Delilah Moss, making corrections and amplifications in red ink, and sometimes inserting new words. From a point near the bottom of page 115 to page 175 he made new entries obtained from Delilah, sometimes using red ink, sometimes black, but these are easily distinguished from the rest by the absence of alterations. The material in both sections consists mainly of words and phrases, but, from Louison, Gatschet took down about 4K pages of text (pp. 97-100 and a half page on 112), corrected as usual with the help of Delilah, and about 13 pages from Delilah herself (pp. 154-157, 161-163, 166-167, 170-175). In reproducing this material I have endeavored to include all renderings given which were not afterwards cut out by Gatschet. At first I tried to indicate which forms or parts of forms were from Louison and which from Delilah, but it proved impossible to differ- entiate clearly between them, except in the texts. As I have already stated, the entire body of material obtained from Louison was gone over with the help of Delilah, and therefore the latter became responsi- ble for by far the greater portion of it. In certain cases where it seemed best to note one or the other of these two as authority I have done so by inserting the letters "L" or "D." All forms derived from Powell's Introduction are followed by the letter "I." Without excep- tion these seem to have come from Louison. Words from the eastern Atakapa dialect have the letters "E. D." after them, and where forms in the two versions of the Murray manuscript are appreciably different, the letter "C" has been employed for the Carpenter version and the letter "P" for that in Philadelphia. Words taken from the Akokisa vocabulary of Berenger are accompanied by the abbreviation "Ak." The eastern Atakapa and Akokisa words have been modified to some extent so as to conform to the phonetic system employed in reproducing Gatschet's material, but where this varies from the original the latter is placed immediately after it in brackets. A few forms were collected by the writer from Armojean Reon in 1908, and those carry the letters "A. R."; two or three from Teet Verdine, obtained in 1907, have his name spelled out. The phonetic system employed is far from perfect, and of course it can never become perfect. In the main it repeats the one used by

Gatschet except that 3. is used instead of a, c instead of sh, x instead of 'h, x for x and 1 instead of '1. Though a and a are ordinarily employed for distinct sounds, Armojean Reon seemed to pronounce Gatschet's a's like English "short" a. Initial I's (Gat-

schet's '1) appear oftener as tl, and consequently I have entered them that way, though placing them by themselves. In all probability

they represent the ubiquitous Southeastern surd 1. It is not at all

clear that 'h and x, my x and x, stand for distinct sounds, though the :

b BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull, im second seemed to be formed a little farther back in the throat. Fortis sounds are known to have been present in Coahuilteco and Chiti- macha, and there is every reason to believe that they occurred in Atakapa, but if so they were not heard either by Gatschet or myself. Practically no attempt has been made to standardize the sounds or the words, for, unless that is carefully done, it is safer to preserve variant forms from which the original may in some measure be inferred. Accents and hyphens have also been left about as in the original, though accentuation of single-syllabled words seems rather unnecessary. Where several forms of a stem are given, that which I regard as most likely to be correct has been placed first. Accents have been omitted from stems or words used as headings except in polysyllabic words from the Western Dialect. In only a few cases do words preserved from the Eastern Dialect contain accents. The following list will give some idea of the significance of the phonetic signs employed

a, a; continental a, a where the length of the sound was particularly noticeable, a; a obscure as in ability. a; a in fat. a; a in hall. a; ai in hair, used occasionally.

e, e; continental long e, like English long a, e used where the length is pronounced. 6; e in set.

i; continental long i, English long e.

i; short i as in pit, often verging into i. o; long o as in mote. 6; o as in top, but rarely used. u; continental long u, English oo.

li; like u in full. w, y; as in English. °; indicates nasalization in the preceding vowel sound. n; like ng in sing and with the vowel preceding closely related to the pure nasals. Occasionally I seemed to catch a nasal sound intermediate between " and n, and this is given as °. n, m; as in English. X, x; spirants already explained. h; as in English, often not heard by the recorder.

1, as in English.

1, tl, a surd 1 found in most Southeastern languages and wanting in English but somewhat like the combination of thl or hi. Sometim.es it seems to be pronounced more nearly like English tl, but this may be due to European influence. f; a bilabial f not very common and often rendered p. Gatschet sometimes replaces f and w by v but this is probably erroneous. p, b; t, d; k, g; ts, dz.; the sonants appear very rarely, but it is probable that two series of sounds are actually involved as is the case in Chitimacha and we know through Garcia's catechism to have been the case in Coahuilteco, the one probably a fortis series, the other medial sounds, but the distinction, if such existed, has been lost. Gatschet occasionally has tc, dc, and ds, but these are mere variants of ts and dz. sw™n] dictionary of THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 7

c; about equivalent to English sh. There was probably no true s in the Western Dialect, though s appears in place of c in some instances. In our only record of the Eastern Dialect s is fairly common and may have existed as an independent sound, or it may have been used by the recorder instead of c.

j; equivalent to z in English "azure." kk, kg, gg; a combination of letters occurring frequently in the Eastern Atakapa material and probably intended for x or x, or for one of these accompanied by k. th; occurring in several Eastern Atakapa forms. Whether this is equivalent to t as in French, or is intended for 1 or for some other sound it is impossible to say. '; indicates a pause. The author of the Eastern Atakapa vocabulary states that he has "suppressed all the diphthongs, or double and triple vowels" and "employed only simple vowels; pronouncing each as is the case in Spanish, even in cases where there are several in succession, so that each vowel constitutes a syllable or very distinct natural sound." In view of the repeated doubling of vowels in the material, this statement is rather important because the same tendency is observed in Caddo, spoken just to the north of the Atakapa country. If there was borrowing it was probably by the Atakapa, since the feature is not so markedly developed in Western Atakapa. The writer of the manuscript insists also that each of the phonetics in consonantic clusters was sounded, but he himself is not consistent in using them.

The arrangement of material in this work is similar to that in the Biloxi Dictionary, Bulletin 47. The Atakapa-English material has been placed under stems or the smallest units into which words may be analyzed. The English-Atakapa section is simply an index to enable the student to find the nearest English equivalents in the Atakapa-English part. For the convenience of the investigator the lexical material has been prefaced by two tables, one giving the numerals in the two dialects and the other the verbal and nominal affixes so far as these have been identified. The pronominal and imperative affixes and a few others have also been given a place in the stem catalogue. The present publication contains all the Atakapa linguistic material now known to be in existence and, since no speakers of Atakapa remain and there is slight prospect of amplifications from manuscript sources, our appreciation of the language itself and its relations to other Indian tongues must rest upon this. As it is, our knowledge would be infinitely less had it not been for Doctor Gatschet's industrious month at Lake Charles, his material constituting well over nine-tenths of the total. While this is but one of Doctor Gatschet's numerous services to the cause of American linguistics, our relative dependence upon him in this case is probably greater than in any other single instance. I am indebted to Miss Caroline Dormon, of Chestnut, La., for some notes and corrections in entries bearing on fauna and flora.

ATAKAPA TEXTS

1. The Western Atakapa

Yuk'hi'ti ica'k \va ci a nep nun nulti'hinst, tul the Atakapa people old here below villages lived (or were lakeCs) (in this bend) settled)

o'ci nun nulti'hinst. Te'puk ne'e hi'hulat. Ce'c-ne'c [or hiculat]

on the vil- inhabited peach trees they planted fig trees borders of lages hi'hulat. Ki'wilc o'l ne'e, tepu'k ku'tskuts ne'e [or hiculat] they planted white men's persimmon trees plum trees (apple trees) hi'hulat. Mo'yu[m] kimat, tso-o'ts, kona'n olo'l hi'hulat. [or hiculat] [or hiculat] they planted pumpkins beans corn potatoes sweet they planted

Ya'-ins(o). La'ns a'l, cako', kana'n, noha'mc a'yip, ndi', [or nt'i] they ate deer meat bear turtles (chicken in swamps) catfish turkey pi't, i-a'n, yao la'klak, eokno'k, no'kte-u me'lmel, perch (perhaps gaspergou ducks geese the "choupique") enke'wict, anhipo'n, akip tsok, pa'tsal co'pe, la'kict, pheasant rabbit water-turkey squirrels kantak (smilax) ko'nen a'yip, kat'ho'pc, na'-u-o'hox, ggu -1, Ol, a'lin potato in marshes pond lily {or chinkapin cactus pears per- grapes water chinkapin) (pistaches) simmons hicom, a'lin hicka'm, hila'fi-wol te'-i, ku'lc-wale small grapes big soko of the vines peanuts ya'-ins. Yuk'hi'ti mon eoki'ti(L) cake' at coko'-i(L) 10 eo'xkiti(D) eoxko'-i(D) [or eoko'-i]

they ate the Indians all (many) chiefs they had chief ta'nuk mon eokiya'-i o'tsi tane'-uts. TLo' coko'-iyit one all head of above others L Lo was chief ha'l yuk'hi'ts(?) eakica'kip ut. Lo' hila'-i yok'hiti' the of the Indians people toward Lo wife of Indians last wine'-ulat. Hiye'kiti cakio'nhulet. Kauka'u hiye'kiti they found (as Eastern they called (her sun at the rising a child) Atakapa nation) hiya'n nu'n nultehi'nst. Tawatwe'nat Utsuta't ut. Cuka'kulet yonder villages they lived they prayed to Otsotat they danced (there) ] standing 10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

15Utsuta't ut, Ce'c pu'm wacwa'ci pu'm pii'mulat. I'cak hila'-i to Otsotat of the the of the old dance they danced a man wife young dance

tanu'k ke'at, icak hila'-i tslk ke'-en hatse'-ec. Pa'lnal

one he had wives two when he it was bad (a chief on had Middle Lake)

hila'-i wa CI pam-nimat. Hila'yi ta'xnik pa'mat, Palna'l wife older beat and killed wife [he had three] other beat Palnal

hila'-i, wa'ci kic pa'm-nimat; yi'l lat himato'1-u wife old woman beat and killed days three or four tati'hin-tat ha ica't pa'mlikc mon. Kauka'u a'm'n a'nike he lay down his head mashed all he had his ears drunk 20nta'hentat. came out Hakit hukica'k hokia'lulha'-uxc (L), hic'ntset wet hokia'lul a'-uc (D) their relatives they could not marry brothers sisters (said by woman) a hina'k kice't okia'liil inak.

this like sisters they as if (said by man). married Wo'cifia hina'ket. Ke'c 'n cakio'l te'c mon cakmanma'net, naked they went women and hair long was worn by almost them ca'kiol katna'-u cak'a'xc. Hatiu'lco 'n'o'hik cakatko'pcen men beard had none they pamted with red they painted them- themselves paint selves white 25hatme'lco; haki't ica'k ka'-u hatme'lco pu'mudl(L) na -u pu'mul(D) they painted their relatives when dead they painted (when) they feathers themselves black black danced ha'kit ica'tip hatna'-inst? hati'dsom, haki't ciiicna m their heads on they put on themselves little on them- they a little selves calabash ^rattle)

tilvpu'mudl (or tikpti'mst) (L) haki't naxcna'n. tikpum ne'kin(D) at the dancing place they sounded

The following version of the bracketed section was given by Delilah Moss:

Lo' yuki'ti ha'l coxko'yit yuk'hit cakica'k ut. Lo' Lo Indians the last was chief Indian relations of Lo's hila'-i yuk'hi'ti wine'-ulat. Ha' cakicak Hiye'kiti wife Indians they found her relations Easterners 30 cakio'nculat. Kaukau' ka'ckin wine'-ulat. Hiye'kiti they called of the sea in a they found Hiye'kiti them swelling

cakio'nculat, nu'nkin to'hulat kakau' iye'tsne H't {or o't, or hut) they called in villages they lived of sun at rise oward them Stanton] DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 11

1. The Western Atakapa

The old Atakapa people lived in villages below this place, on the borders of the lakes. The^'- planted peach trees. They planted fig trees. They planted apple trees and plum trees. They planted pumpkins, beans, corn, and sweet potatoes. They ate of them. They ate deer meat, bear (meat), turtles, turkeys, catfish, perch, the choupique, gaspergou, ducks, geese, pheasants, rabbits, water turkeys, squirrels, muscadines, kantak (China briar), marsh potatoes, water chinkapins, chinkapins, cactus pears, persimmons, small grapes, big grapes, the soko, and peanuts. The Indians had many chiefs, one being head of all the rest. [Lo was the last head chief. The wife of Lo was a foundling. Her nation was called Easterners (Eastern Atakapa). They lived in villages over yonder toward the rising sun.] The [Atakapa] prayed standing to One-above. They danced the sacred dance to One-above. They also danced the young people's dance and the old people's dance. A man had but one wife, and when a man had two it was a bad thing. Palnal's older wife beat him to death. His other wife beat him. When Palnal's older wife beat him to death his body l&y on the ground three or four days with the head mashed in. The water he had drunk ran out of his ears.

Relatives were not allowed to marry, since it was as if brothers married sisters and sisters married brothers. They went almost naked. Men and women wore their hair long, and the men did not wear beards. They danced painted with red and white paint and, when relatives had died, with black paint and with feathers on their heads, sounding a rattle at the dancing place. Delilah AIoss's version of the bracketed portion: Lo was the last chief of the Indians. Lo's wife was a foundling. Her relatives were Easterners (Eastern Atakapa). They found her during a high tide. They called them Easterners (or Sunrise people) because they lived in villages toward the sunrise.

2. Cakta'lko Yuk'hi'ti ica'k ka'-u ha'talko'at hina'k cakio'nculet,

the Atakapa a man dead his body thus they named it turned into Ica'k ica't ha'n hu'-ulat; po'-ol tsa't'n hu'-ulat, ha human head not having they saw lowered in front afterward they saw his to'-unta'v'm (D) ica't ha u'c mon na'-ucem. Kiwilc hiku'lat to"nta'vm (L) (to"nta'fm (L) to'-unta'v'm (D)) head covered with hair the Creoles have seen him sometimes yuk'hi'ti tu'lip lo'xkin iwa't'n hu'nst;35

Indian Lake on (&) on the prairie he came he is seen :

12 bureau of american ethnology [bull. 108

2. Cakta'lko (Human-skin Desirer)

When an Atakapa was dead he turned into a being desiring skins, and they called him by this name. When one first encountered him, he appeared to lack a head but afterwards they saw his head bent forward and his body all covered with hair. Creoles have seen him at times coming through the bushes on the prairie by Indian Lake and in the daytime.

3. Children's Ears and Faces

Yuki'tic no'mc ica'tkin pa'ht ha' (L). TTsa'xta' aihina'k pa'ltit ha' (D). Lthe Choctaw hke the Ata kapa the their head did not flatten children

icatlciii capa'lcita'-ha. Huke't hald't u'ts cakito'lcenct the head flattened not the mothers their nose put in order

a n cakito'lcenct ahena'ka u'ts cakiwi'lenst. Itiyi'lc the ears arranged, in the same the they put in one month put in order way as noses order

tanu'k cakiwi'lenst. An cakte'lcenst tanu'kip yi'lkit mon 40 ; one they put it the they put during the day in order ears in order

haki't an kima'tip ne' o'ts o't a'n cakte'lcnt (or telte'lcnst) their ears in the inside (from) up to the unfolded to enlarge below ear

Dehlah Moss substituted the following for the sentence in brackets

38a Tsaxta' hakit no mc ica't cakpalpa'licat. Chootaw their children heads flattened.

3. .Children's Ears and Faces

The Atakapa did not flatten the heads of their children like the Choctaw. Mothers shaped the noses and ears of their children. They continued this for a month. They shaped them once every day, unfolding (or enlarging) the ears by rubbing them on the inside from bottom to top. 4. Yu'lc Caki'n O'k to a person to come (invitation)

42 Yi'l pa xe 'nya'-uta 'no'kne a'n-idso'n oto'lco 'nke'tne days seven I will wait for you to come room have ready you to stay in {or expect) you

yuki't a'nkin. Yu'lc 10 -1 o'k 'nu'xts a' 'nta'nat 'na' our house in word, send me come whether or not writing you can a'tnaxlva ma n ke't 'nu'xts a? how long stay you can ? GATSCHET] DICTIONAEY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 13 SWANTON J

Yi'l mon ta'-i ho'ktiwe icwa'nehe 'nta'n 45 day all, river together we will walk even (two or many) ne'c-pa'l idso°'ldn to'(h)i-a lo'xkin ti'u-sakio'ns icwa'nehe, in buggy getting into on the prairie go and visit we will start (.or go) nta'n tu'-ke'mc icwa'nehe, iya'n(D) ti'v la na'-u oxo'x or boat-row we will go ya'n(D) go and chinkapins (=rowboat) there icy a mcne; a yip kuna', kaxlo'pc, tsama ku'ts, coxmo n we to gather marsh potatoes with chinkapins crawfish everything (nuphar) icya'mcehe. Kidso'nkckin cakwakehe Nti', n we shall gather in the fire (or cakwaktikit (better)) fish and we wUl bake pit ya' katpa' koko'kic-o'-ik cakicau'tsel yuki't kan50 perch and trout fish-hook line by we catch (them) our home cakti'ts ya cakitsa'-e he'-u, ya e- (h)atpe'netsel. Te'iis we carry them and we fry them many (we) eat enough we do on evenings tansta'lik icanka'mcne coxto'l icke'tne with cards we will play luck us for having

Yuki't nu'nkin pu'm icha'xc a itiyi'lc. Yuki'ti our village in dance, we have this month the Indian ball

Ica't-to'kc coxko'-i wa'ci ka'wet. Ha' hila'-i cok'he'c

Head-round chief old died his wife is sick

ya ka'-u ha'net. Koyi'u . hiwe'-u ke'at. Yuk'hi'ti55 and to die failed, cold strong, bad had the Indian came near ipco'k O'k ya pe'neat pVck to'ts hita'-uc. Tsanu'k

conjurer came and cured blood sucking it out a horse mi'cat pe nene. she gave for curing (her) Nakl't tsanu'k cakwinetem nak caka'xlecat ka' your horses did you find ye which you lost that which

yi'l hiwe'-u tsika't lat? leak tsanu'ki 1 ni cakna'-uc; weeks ago, since, three? men on a horse on a search, let them past (only lookout said of weeks) iya'nek mon 'nka'ne, cakwine cokwa'nic ya coktu'kulet. 60

that is all for you to do find them and drive them up and fetch them leak cokcaktsanc ko°' u'xts, men thieves catch they can

Kile't-ki'c yilke ya' yi'l hiwe'-u tsika't tsi'k, ya (name of Delilah's, was married and weeks ago two and mother)

(no'mc) tsi'c ke'ne, O'l ha'c John Annie yilwai'tikit. baby having for near and he John Annie will marry (in time), soon Wi cakno'mc pu'ckin wa'fi a'nka'mctit co'ktokcik, my children out of doors go playing with the ball (cokto'kc, ball) 14 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lUS

65coki6'l no'mc haki't cukiolc-hatke' mon lu'cem ta'lc6m. the boys their pantaloons all full of dirt full of holes Tsi's waii-haihai'ckit. Hiye'n te'm nima'-utsel ya' baby goes crying a hog yesterday we killed and kuyak'ho' caka'tsel. sausages we made O'k, ichu', pel ha' tsanu'ki ite'-u o'kne. 'Nto'I far not on a horse to travel coming well with (it is) for you

a' 'natna'ha?

is how are you? how do you feel? 4. An Invitation to Visit

I will look for you in seven days and have ready for you a room in our house. Send me word whether you can come or not and how long you can stay. Every day we will walk along the river together or, getting into a buggy, go out calling, or go out in a rowboat to gather chinkapins, marsh potatoes, nuphar, crawfish, and everything else. We will bake them in the fire. We will catch catfish, perch, and trout with hooks and lines, carry them home, and fry and eat as many as we want. In the evening we will try our luck at cards. We have a dance in our village this month. Round-head, the old Indian chief, died this month. His wife was sick and came near dying. She had a bad cold. ^The Indian conjurer came and cured her by sucking out blood. She gave him a horse for curing her. Did you find the horses you lost three weeks ago? Let men on horseback search for them, find them, drive them along and bring them here. They can catch the thieves. Kile't-ki'c is married and two weeks ago she had a baby, and soon John will marry Annie. My children play ball out of doors every day and get their pants covered with dirt and full of holes. The baby goes about crying. Yesterday we killed a pig and made sausages. Come and see us, for it is not far on horseback. Is it well with you? 5. Biographic Notice of Ponponne

'0 Wet Kic Mok, Kic Mok n Ponponne i-o'iiculat Ta'kapo cousin woman short Woman-short & Ponponne they called her Atakapa kic yuki'ti nu'nkin ke't'ntat, Yuk'hi'ti Tu'l to'lpot ino' woman Indian village in lived Indian Lake on the east side

Tu'l Te'-u iye' edso°. Ya'n ke'tntat yuki'ts tu'l Lake End (End Lake) being smaller than there she lived we lake ma ino'-i icitsyu'tskin. Hac ipa' ha'xcet (h)iu'xts across while we grew up she husband had none I knew (her) (was a widow) atka'ki, ya' ne'e palpa'l a'nkin nu'n-ketntat. Ikunyu'ts ever since and (box) house in she lived young split-plank GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 15 caktika'-u, coka'-hiwe'-u citha'n li'l cokcukyi'kc 75 she looked doing much gathering and selling (industrious) (picking to pieces) ya cukwa'k 'n a'l pai-o'k ya pl'lkin ti(xt) and bread and meat came back and on the bed lying (food) down coxkci'ukit. Yuki'ti o-ina'ka (h)atit6'lc ha'hat. Komo'k she sewed the Indians like dress oneself did not baskets (all the time) (not like?) he'-u o'k tanu'ka caka' ya' cokcaki'kcat. Kic mo'kat many different she made and she sold woman short was she ya' yo'let; kitsak ka'-u ya' w a' n-c akp a' mkox ya' and angry inebriated whiskey-dead and going at them to and beat them cak'he'-uc. Ciko'm n tsanu'k ha'xcet. No'mc lat ke'atSO to abuse them cattle and horses she had children three she none had

cakio'l tslk, kic tanii'k, hiol wa'cin i'ti ha' e'n boys two female one (man) oldest bis name Toussaint, hiol idso°' ha' en Ursin, ha' Yuk'hi'ti Toussaint (man) younger his name Ursin his Indian

en Kona'c; ickici'l eii Louison, Yuk'hi'ti en Yoyo't name Konac daughter's name Louison Indian name Yoyo't n Kic Yu'ts. Cok he'-u cakwa'nts u'xtsat ica'k cok and Kic Yuts things many to tell knew (could) about things wacwa cin ku'ltan ka'-ulat ka' ha' cakno'mc ya ha 85 ancient about long done done her children (to) and her ago (things) cakni'l. Cakyo'kat yoko'n haki't O't. grandchil- she sang songs them to dren Ilu' woc-pe ha'l imato'l (h)atka'ki ka'wat, years ten and four (not hatka'kin) she died ("fingers ready") ago (in 1870)

ilu' wocpe' latsi'k hina'ka wa cin icla'uc ta'tik ka'wat, years sixty about old (aged) yellow-fever of she died ya' ha' nu'nkin imo'culat Ha' nu'k lyan imo'cti(xt) and her (not kftnkin) they buried by herself there she is buried home at her alone and lies there yuk'hi'ti cakimoc-ne'kin ha'. Kic Tot, ha' nil, Yoyo't 90 Indian graveyard in not Kic Tot her grandchild Yoyo't ha' ickici'l, ha'hu it ka'wat a nu'nkin, cok'he'c her daughter first, pre- died this town at disease viously (i. e., Lake Charles) (opposite = ha'l) oktanu'k coka'-at. Kiwi'lc cakimo'c-ne'nkin imo'culat. the same she had French cemetery in they buried (her) (Catholic)

5. Biographic Notice of Ponponne

My cousin being a short woman, they called her Short-woman, and also Ponponne. She was an Atakapa woman and lived in the Indian village on the east side of Indian Lake, which is smaller than End Lake. 16 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

She lived there while we were growing up. During the time when I knew her she was a widow and lived in a spUt-plank house. She looked young and was very industrious, gathering and selling moss and bringing back bread and meat, after which she lay down on the bed and sewed. She did not dress like the Indians. She made many different kinds of baskets and sold them. She was a short woman and angry when she got drunk, when she went and beat and abused (people). She had no cattle or horses. She had three children, two boys and a girl, the elder boy being named Toussaint and the younger Ursin, his Indian name being Konash, her daughter's name Louison and her Indian names Yoyo't and Kic-yuts. She could tell to her children and her grandchildren many things about what happened in olden times. She sang songs to them.

She died 14 years ago (i. e., in 1870) aged about 60. She died of yellow fever and they buried her at home. She is buried there by herself, not in the Indian graveyard. Kic-tot, her grandchild, daugh-

ter of Yoyo't, died before her at this town (i. e.. Lake Charles). She had the same disease. They buried her in the French cemetery.

6. Chief Cukuhu'-i and Cyprien

Wi kulca' Cu'kuhui yuk'hi'ti coxko'yat Ta'kapa o'tse. my grandfather Cukuhu-i Indians chief was Atakapa over (maternal)

Inkili'c ta'-i o'ts nti'n ke't'ntat Tu'l Te'-u o'tse. English Bayou village he lived Lake End above (Lake Charles) 95Ha'lkin tsi'pcat Yuk'hi'ti Tu'l o't lya'ii wa cm nak afterwards he removed Indian Lake to there very old

wa'cin hina'ka ilu' wocpe' la't atka'ki ka'wat. Hila'- about thirty years ago he died wife ta'nuk ke'at ha eh Mary Ann. Ickici'l nit ke'at. one he had her name Mary Ann daughters five he had Hio'l ha'xcat. Wi oke't itso°' o'tkine'at. Ha ite't sons he had none my mother youngest next to was her father hoktiwe to'hulat, tik no'mc lat ke'at. Wi kulca' together she lived until children three she had my grandfather lOOka'-ukin ya' ha'c yilke', tu'l ma mo tsi'pcat, after he died then she married the lake across migrated, removed

icitsiu'tsicat. Yuk'hi't ite't pe'l (Cyprien) ica'k and raised us, made us grow up Our stepfather Cyprien (an Indian) to'lat yuki't no'mc o't Icyutsyu'ts ya tanu'kip CO ha' good was us children to he raised us then once never

icpa'ts ha'hat. Wic wi ite't iyania'n ha'xcat. whipped us not I of my father afriad was not

Pa-ito'lucat wi' ot. lyu'tskin hac okwa'nc o't ti'cat too good he was me to when I was he war to grown up swan?on] dictionary OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 17 ya' ka'wat. Wi oke't man ilan-wa'iitat. Tik'hu' ko'hat 105 and died my mother long grieved continually to go she wanted ( went on mourning) (to Alexandria) ka'-u ha'xc ta'n, ti'c a'-ucat. Tanu'kip ti'cat. he died before to go she could not once she started Tik'pa'yat. Kaukau' ka'cik ici'x a'-ucat. Yuki't no'mcsem she turned back water high cross she could not we children alone

tu'xtsel yuki't nuk. Iti' tanu'kip yi'l tut nen o'l stayed by ourselves night in one day before nearly (pi. of keto) pa'-i mo'hat. Yuki'ts icatsi'ckicat yuki't oke't hu'ne.^ home she came we we were glad our mother to see

Pa-i a'kc ti'c ko'hat. Yuki'ts ti'cne ico'ncat. Ke'tne 110 back to go (mother) we to go we did not to remain wanted want

na'mtsel ti'c ha'xcne, we begged to go not (her)

6. Chief Cukuhu'-i and Cyprien

My maternal grandfather Cukuhu'-i was chief of the Atakapa. He lived at a village on English Bayou above End Lake (Lake Charles). Afterwards he removed to Indian Lake. There he died at an advanced age, about 30 years ago. He had one wife named Mary Ann. He had five daughters. He had no sons. My mother was next to the youngest. She lived with her father until she had three children. After my grandfather died she married again and moved across the lake and brought us up there. Our stepfather Cyprien was good to us children. He raised us and never whipped us once. I was not afraid of my father. He was too good to me. When I was grown up he went to war and died. My mother grieved for him a long time. She wanted to go to him at Alexandria before he died but could not. Once she started but turned back. The water was too high for her to cross. We children stayed at home by ourselves. One night just before day she came home. We were glad to see our mother. She wanted to go back. We did not want her to go. We begged her to remain and not to go.

7. Treatment of the Sick

Ca' cok'he'c hiwe'-u 18 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY IbDLL. 108

115 mon CI ncne co nxia na'xkculat. I'nc-wa'nkin yo'k all gourd they rattled and played the while they were smg- rattle fiddle mourning ing ya' Yuk'hi'ti ipco'k ha'l(kin) mo'k wa'nkit ok hu'ya and Indian conjurer after- (or mo'hat without came and wards wa'nkit) is here saw him pe'neat ya' yi'kcat. Tane'-u cakina'-uc ko'xca'hulat. cured, and he paid others to let in, they would not treated him admit Ikunyu'tsip ina'-u cakna'-ucul ha'. leak cuk'he'c ka'-ukin young people go into they let not of sick people after death vl'wulat cok hatse-e'c hiwe'-u ka'-at. they things wicked very had done believed

7. Treatment of the Sick

When anyone was sick the Atakapa believed he had been given bad medicine. One night they assembled at his house, entered it, and danced religious dances all night, shaking gourd rattles and playing on fiddles. While they were mourning they sang and afterwards an Indian conjurer came to see him and treated him and was

paid for it. They would not let others go in. They would not let young people go in. If a sick person died, they believed that some-

thing wicked had caused it.

8. HiMo'c (Burial)

120 Ta'kapa kic n ica'k ka'-ukin, it utska'-uculat Atakapa and man after death face over they covered (it utska'-uc, face covering)

okyu'lik ya oka' o'tsi. Vi'vulat i'cak capi'xk by a hand- and on the top they people dead kerchief sheet believed (their spirits) tane'-u okcak'hu'-ulat. A'nkin ti'xkin ok-hu'-ulat. Ka'-i other went to see him in house while they visited then lying him a'n ka't-pa'-ic na'-ulat ha' a'nkin ka'-u atka'ki ti'k

door open they left his house in death since up to (his) imo'ctin. Ne' ta'mkin ya' ha'l yi'lkin imo'culat. Cuka' the funeral in a grave then next day they buried him dance 125ha'nctin imo'culat. Yuki'ti mo'ne o'k-inu'lulat imo'c having per- they buried Indians all met, gathered burial, formed, "got (him) funeral through," o't ti'une. Ka'-u o'kin to'kc ya imo'culat. Ha cokmo'n toward to go, the wrapped and buried him his property to proceed dead blanket all oktewe imo'culat, hata'kinen. tsik-tlukcne wo'c ke', a'n together they mhumed beads tobacco pipe rings hatko'mc, kutsna'n tu'ik ka' cko'p, na'-u, coxk-hatka'xk earrings knife of cane made cups, moccasins c'othing vases GATSCHET] SWANTONj DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 19 mon, lakla'kc. Ica'k hokwa'nc wa'nen ha' cok'-okina'tsne

all of money men to war having his arms (or weapons) gone mon hoktiwe' imo'culat, te', ti'k, yapu xne, kutsne', 130

all together they inhumed bow arrow lances, spears knife tik-cak'xa'-une, pern, a'tpa°tsne Ya' ica'k ka'-u quiver gun shield (prO' that man dead tector?) yuk'hi'ti coxko'-in ha' tsanu'k, ne c ipa xc, ica't an Indian chief of his horse saddle head was atye'ne lakla'kc ko'pik ka' hoktiwe' imo'culat. Ica't crown silver made together they inhumed head atye'ne lakla'kc ko'pik ka' wine'-ulat Yuk'hi'ti Tu'l crown silver made they found of Indian Lake hiki' ino' ne hu'i iwa'lkin, nu'l ta'mtin nec-kinc ta'mc a°' 135 west side of ground in the among the when digging saw-cutting house shells (=sawmill) nu'l ka'tin, paya'kc imo'culat. Tcha'kta yuk'hiti ica't laying (foundation) again they buried The Indians head and making it Choctaw atyi'nsne hina'ka cake'at (-for cak'ke'at'). crowns of same had kind I'cak ka'-u a'n la'wi-ulat. Ha cakica'k tsl'pculat hiwe'vc of the dead man the house they burnt his families, removed mile relations tanu'k ma'-i. Imo'c mak ma'n ka' ya ho'xp na'-ulat one over, further than grave mound long shaped they made and a hole they left over co' ita'xne. I'cak capi'xk cakla'wiulhahat. 140 spirit ("heart") to come out the dead man burn they never did

8. HiMo'c (Burial)

After the death of an Atakapa woman and man, they co-vered the face with a handkerchief and a sheet. They believed that other dead people (i. e., their spirits) came to see him. While he was lying in the house they went to see him. So they left the door of his house open from the time of his death until the funeral. Next day they buried him in a grave. They buried him after having finished the ceremonial dance. The Indians all met to go to the burial. They buried him wrapped in a blanket. They buried all of his property at the same time— beads, tobacco pipes, rings, earrings, knives made of cane, cups, moccasins, all of his costumes, and his money. If he had been a warrior, they buried all of his weapons at the same time, his bow, arrows, lances, knives, quiver, gun, shield. If the dead man was an Indian chief, they buried his horse, saddle, and silver crown. A silver crown was found on the west side of Indian Lake in the ground when digging among the shells while laying the foundations of a sawmill and they reburied it. The Choctaw Indians had head crowns of the same kind. 20 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY fBulL;'io8

They burned the dead man's house. His relatives moved more than a mile from the place. They made a long grave mound and left a hole at the top to enable the spirit to come out. They never burned the dead.

9. A Fight Among Negroes at Lake Charles

Samti' hiti' ku'cmelmel pu'm ka'-ulat. Wa'n-pum ya' kic Saturday night negroes a dance, ball made when they were dancing woman tanu'k ta'xn ot (ut) ikat pa'ket. Ya ki'c ta'xnik wa'ntsat: one other on foot stepped the woman other said "wi ika't 'npa'kat." "Atsi'c-kic ha'!" wa'nat. Hika'-uckin, on my foot you stepped I don't care she said on getting through ka't o'ts pa'ket. Ya cukio'l hak'hi'tic ok-ina'tsulat. mouth on she slapped her (now) men they came (or began) to fight the 145Kjtsa'k cakpi'xk ya' pa'm (h)okpa'miculat ya

whisky they drank (were dead drunk on) and fist knocked each other down with and (h)okpe'mulat. Tane'-u tu'lkin pa'k-cakpa'kicat. Tane'-u fired at each other some in the lake threw them into (pak= threw) some kaukau'kin pu'm-hik'hu'lculat. Wafi-hokpe'mkin i'cak cako'nne into the water they jumped into when they shot at each other the constable (sherifl) okcekia'lat. I'cak cakina'-uculat. Kec lat he placed in women three

yi'l cakita'-uculat tanu'k they let them out one ATAKAPA-ENGLISH DICTIONARY (the material arranged under stems)

(Ak), words from the Akokisa vocabularyof B^renger. (A. R.), words collected by Doctor Swanton from Armojean Reon in 1908. (D), words or sentences obtained by Doctor Gatschet from Delilah Moss. (I), words obtained by Doctor Gatschet from Louison Huntington and entered in a copy of Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages. (L), words or sentences obtained by Doctor Gatschet from Louison Hunting- ton and entered in blank books. A very few forms were obtained by Doctor Swanton from an Atakapa named Teet Verdine in 1907 and are so indicated without abbreviation. (E. D.), forms from the Eastern Dialect.

(C) , forms from the Carpenter copy of the Duralde manuscript of the Eastern Dialect. (P), forms from the Philadelphia copy of the Duralde manuscript of the Eastern Dialect. Numbers refer to lines in the texts where a given word is used. The examples are arranged alphabetically except where there are grammatical reasons for placing certain forms together, as in conjugations of verbs or where a stem enters into certain definite combinations, as, for instance, the ha, "he," "she," "it," with the plural ending -kit, hakit, "they." Since c is used for sh, forms beginning with that letter are plaped immediately after s, and they, in turn, are followed by forms in ts. Those beginning with tl, or the equivalent surd 1 are put by themselves after t.

Atakapa Numerals ,

22 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOS

Atakapa Affixes

PRONOMINAL AFFIXES OBJECTIVE SUBJECTIVE

Singular

First person hi-, i- Second person n-, na- Third person ha- Plural First person ic- -ts6(l) Second person nak- -tSm

Third person oak- -ul, -ol, -ti indefinite, hi-, i-; reflexive, hat-; reciprocal, hok-. Temporal and modal suffixes: -at (-et), past time; -6h6 (-h6), future time;

-k (-ki) , continuative; -lo, first person plural imperative; -m, pluralitj^; -ne (-na, -n) volitional and sometimes apparently instrumental; -c, a suffix of wide use with verbs and seemingly with pronouns, perhaps equivalent to the English auxiliary

"to be"; -t, perfect or passive; -t (-ti) , future, perhaps derived from ti, "to go"; -to, second person plural imperative; -u, usitative. Connective suffixes: -n (-in), a subordinating suffix signifying "while," "when," "after," "if"; -p, ditto, sig. "because," "on account of."

Derivative prefixes (in reality prefixed words) : ik-, "with"; its- (from itse')? "on top of"; it- (from It, "face"), "ahead"; n-, (?); ots-, "up," "high," "above." Locative suffixes with substantives: -ke (-ki) and -kin, "in," "into," "on"; -p, "at"; -ik, "with," apparently identical with the derivative prefix ik-. a, this, here, now (L-1, 22; r)-53). ha' wi' hipa', this is my husband. a' a'kmalc, this winter, a' a°', this house (A. R.). ahinak, aihina'k (Lf-37), ahena'ka a' a°' hidso"', this room, (L-39), o-ina'ka (D-77), like this, a' elu, a' ilu', this summer, this year, like these. a' elu' tut, this spring. woe ke' a' hinak, ring shaped, a ring (h)atu'xtsat, I remember this. like this. kic, ha' ki'c, this woman; a' ke'c, these women. ap, av, avx, af, axp, abx, here, pres- iti, to-night, this night. ent, to this place, to here ("ici," kitsakc he', this whisky is strong. "present").

kitsak he u'c, this whisky is too ap o'k, come here! {not av). strong, av (or abx or a'f) 'n o'k6n ica'm'ghg, a' no'mc, ha' no'mc, these children if you come here we will drink. (pi. tantum). ha' hila'-i a'f {or a'p), his wife is here. a' nu'nkin, at this town (D-9). ha' hila'-i a'fgt, his wife was here.

a' 61, here close, pretty near, close by. ha hila'-i a'v o't'6h6, his wife will a' odse', this snake; odse' a', the come here. snake here (perhaps the verb a teyo' a'v ne {not ap), put the box (q. V.)). right here! a' teyo', this box. ti'k a'xp pe'm, shoot (your) arrow- a' yil, to-day. right here! eti' a' o'yu, yesternight I slept here. wi a'vp {or a'p) i-ica'k6t, I was born here. ha' ica'k lu'kin tiktat tema'kip, this ya icak av {or ap) wa'nkit, this man man goes to stand in mud up to is present, lit. "this man is walk- the knees; pi. t6tso't. ing here" (L). ha nicakiol (A. R.), ha' cakio'l, this ya' icak av'ha'n, ya' icak ap ha'n, a is mv husba,nd. man absent ("un homme absent"). GATSCHET] DICTIONAEY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 23

ac mel u'c, this is genuine black, ne'ckol-ak, nick-ol-ak, molasses, a'c ta't u'c, salmon, "this is genuine "sweet salt liquid." yellow" (or "kind of yellow"), u'k-a'k, (h)u'kak, source, spring, a'c ta't kop, light yellow, "yellow- "water coming." white," light green, agh6, moist, wet (E. D.). a, to be. aggtihou, [aggtihoon (P), aggtihooou hatna'ka pe'l a', how far is it? (C)] source, spring of water (E. D.) hatna'xkan me'ts a', how tall are ( = W. D. ak tehop, "water hole"). you? ak hamic [ak hamish], give me hatna'xkan wa'cifi a (or wa'ci na'), water! (E. D.). how old is he ("quel age a-t-il?"). na en ke a, have you a name? akilik, to wet (probably from ak, na' ea a', ca' a' na'c, naj caya (A.R.), liquid, and li, soft). who are you? (ca, "somebody"), akeli'kc (D); pi. he'-u akell'kc, wet. 'nto'l a', is it well with you? (L-6, 9; ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'xc, wet D-69.) wood does not burn well. ca' ya' a', ha' ca a', ca aya' (A. R.), ti'nstal ikili'kco paper is soaked who is he (she, or it)? who is through (ik- should probably be that? ak-). ci'ne-u a', haki't cine'f a, haki't wi akili'kico, I wet in the water cine'v a', who are they? (ilikico by itself is without mean- co'k 'nka' a', what is the matter with ing). you? wi cokotka'k ikili'kic, I soak the co'k wa'nka na'xn, co'k wa'nka cloth (ik- should probably be ak-). na'xn, what are you doing? yi'l6° akili'kicta, I shall wet (it) to- cu'l ita'fi a', where is the dog? morrow (again), to'l a', it is good ("c'est bon"). ak, yu'lci o'l ok 'n-u'xts a *n ta'nat 'n a, cokak, cuka' (D-124), to dance, a send me word whether you can dance. Possibly this means "things come or not, send me word if you (being) green," with reference to are able to come (A. R.). the ripening of the new corn, the ai, a-i, swamp, marsh, small pond, occasion for the principal annual a-i kotsk (A. R.), a'-i ko'tsk, ai' ceremony of the southeastern k5'tsk (I), marsh, small pond, Indians, the so-called "green corn gully, dance." Gatschet was informed a' yip, in the marsh (Gatschet in- of two kinds of dances to which terprets it "plantain" but this this name was applied: (1) the is probably erroneous), cakwa'ci co'kak, "old people's a'yip te'xlk ta'lkop, marsh lily, dance," a religious dance partici- blue wild flower ("fieur sauvage pated in only by the old men, and bleue"). resembling a missa. There was no ko'nS," a'yip, ko'nen a'yip (L-8), regular time for holding it except a'yip kuna (D-48), potatoes, that it was always at night and "marsh potatoes." was accompanied by singing. The noha'mc a'yip, turkey, "chicken in village chief was always present, swamp." and a religious attire was assumed noha'mc a'yip hatania'ns, a wild for the occasion. There was no turkey ("un dinde," "a wild fire in the middle of the ground as chicken in swamp"), among the Choctaw; (2) the tu' a-i, tu't a'i (I), cane swamp, co'kcuks co'kak, the dance of the ak, a'k (I), juice, sap; water in E. D young people, which was not (cf. akna, aktsa'-u, Ik, ik'ha-u). religious. The performers placed akip tsok, water turkey (L-7). themselves on their knees and mi" ak (A. R.), min ak, honey, "bee brought their arms around in liquid." circles before the face, from right .

24 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

to left and from left to right. This ti-u-akna'kit tu'l hukinu'l, it flows was performed once a month into the lake, without reference to the moon and ti-u'xts akna'kit, to-u'xts akna'kit, lasted all night. The dances were the l-iver runs (or ran) slowly. abandoned about 1850-1860. akon(st), river (from ak, water (?)) co'kcuks a°, co'kak a", name of the (E. D.) (cf. ta-i, ak). dance house which was located in akonstatci [aconstiichi (P), aconstou-

the village of chief Lo. It was chi (C)], river (akon(st) -|- wicin, surrounded by a picket fence, and wide(?)). (E. D.) within were statues, stuffed ani- akonska [aconska (P),aconskaa (C)], mals, and other objects. Anybody akonskau, stream (akon(st) + ska could enter. or cka, little). (E. D.) cuka'kul6t Utsuta't ut, they danced akc, for Otsotat (1^14). pa-i a'kc ti'c ko'hat, she wanted to ak, (P) go back (D-110). ne'cak, sawdust. aktsa'-u, cold, cool, chilly; E. D. tsamps. ak, akc (A. R.), green (in the sense of aktsa'-u kaukau', cold water,

unripe) ; also in color according to a'ktsa-uc, aktsa'-uc, cold, rheum, A. R.; a'kak, akca'kc (A. R.), very aktsauc naica't, a cold in the head, green. a'ckin aktsa'-uc, in the shade it is cool, ne'e ak; pi. nee a'kc, a green tree; ayi'lc aktsa'-uc, to-day it is cold, also said to mean sawdust. kau'kau aktsa'-un, kau'kau aktsa'-uc, tso'-ots a'kc, green corn, the corn is the water is cold. green or unripe. aki (possibly from lak "sun")- kafi tsamps [kang tsamps], the air akipa'-i (I), south, "where the sun is cold or chilly, the wind is cold turns" (A. R.). (E. D.). akipa'-ike icak, a southern man. tsampska, autumn (E. D.). ya icak akipai-i'ke ot, this man comes ax, to grow. from the south. a'xkit, it grows; pi. a'xtit, they grow. a'kitoc, frog, also given as toad, but a'xli(c), axli(c), to lose. this is probably a mistake; E. D. ha ico'l a'xlic, ha ico'l a'xict, she lost ketoct [kettoshtt], frog. her calf. a'kitoc lu'l (icict), the frog swims (to naki't tsanu'k cakwinet6m nak cak- the other side) a'xlecat ka, did you find the horses a'kitoc na'l-ma'nmaii, spring frog, which you lost? (D-58). "long thighs." cok he'-u hia'xlicat, cok he'-u hia'x- a'kmalc, winter; E. D. allstcumat. icat, I lost many things. a' a'kmalc, this winter. cok' hia'xlicat, cok hia'xicat, I lost akma'lctits, akma'lti'tst, fall, autumn one thing. "going to be winter." wi co'k a'xlic, wi co'k a'xict, I lose akna, to run (as a river) , to flow (prob- something. ably derived from ak, liquid, and al, (D-76), a'l, flesh, meat; E. D. aggld, na or na-u, to arrive). meat. a'knak, current (I). al am, boiled meat. aknak micket tai'ki, aknak mi'ckit al atna' liimi'c, give me a little meat! tai'kin, there were eddies in the a'l hopa'-i, butcher, "meat piercer." river. al itsa'-i, al itsaine, fried meat, beef- a'knax mickec, eddy in the river. steak. a'knax te'-u o't, a'knax te'wat, cur- a'l ka'ts, a scab (on a sore). rent comes from (above?). a'l nko'xca, do you want meat? kaukau' a'knak, running water, the al ti'u, meat upon the fire on a grid- current of water. iron or a scaffold, broiled meat ti'-u akna'kit (ta'-i), the river runs ("sur les braises"). swiftly. a'l tiuna, a gridiron. .

GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 25

al lo'p, al top (A. R.), stick on which am, to cook, to boil (am, to cook; &m, to roast meat, to drink (Gatschet)) (cf. hiku', ilu', a'l wa'k, roast meat, meat roasted on itsa-i, to), coals, al am, boiled meat, al wa'kna, roaster, apparatus for hiku' a'v, hiku' a'u, to boil soup (a'v roasting meat, and a'u are probably intended for hi' yen a'l, pork, "pig meat." am), la'ns a'l, venison, deer meat (L-5). cu'k-am-a'ii, kitchen (I). la'ns al nko'xca, do you want deer cuk-am-an ita'ii, cu'k-am-afi nta'n, meat? where is the kitchen? 6'kc al, cheek, cuka'm-kic, female cook, o'kc al atku'tsicne, red paint for cuka'mto, I cook, cheeks, am, to drink (am, to cook; Sm, to tu'ts ko'm-al, calf of leg, "fiesh hang- drink (Gatschet)).

ing to leg" (?). wi a'mu, wi'c ia'mki (A. R.), I drink; wi al ti'ukinto, I broil meat, E. D. weeamm [ouee amm]. wi al wa'kinto, I broil (or roast) meat na 3,m, na-ic am, you drink, on the coals, ha am, he drinks, she drinks, etc. j^a'-u a'l la'klak, gaspergou, "fish yu'kit mon a'mlu, we all drink, with hard flesh." naki't a'mto, you all drink, A'leman, German (from the French ha'kit a'mtit, they drink, word) yu'kit mon ica'mkit, we all drink, a'lin (A. R.), a'li, grapes, raisins (cf. ha'kit a'mutet, ha'kit Smtit, they are hi'lan). going to drink. a'lin hicka'm (L-9), big grapes, "broad grapes." wi t6m a'mu, I drank yesterday. a'lifi itso'm (A. R.), a'lin hicom ha t&m a' mat, he drank yesterday. (L-8), hilan ico'm, small grapes. ha a' met (nak), he drank (?). allstcumat, winter (E. D.) (of. W. yu'kit t6m a'mtsgl, we drank yester- D. a'kmalc, "winter," and ale, day. "ice"), na'kit (t6m) a'mtem, nakit t6m naka'-

allstcumat hue', the winter is hard mat, you all drank yesterday. (E. D.). haki't tfim a'mulfit, haki't t6m a'mu- Alpamu', Alibamu. lat, they drank yesterday. Alpamu' icak, an Alabama Indian (see no'ai). ica'mkit, we drink, ale (I), als, ice; E. D. adlect [adlesht], ha'kit a'mtit, ha'kit a'mulet, they snow; E. D. adlect lagn [adlesht lagn, drink.

adleshtaggn], ice (cf. ha'-u). wi yi'lSn a'mtg, wi yi'len a'mta a'lc ko'me, thick ice. (A. R.), yi'lgn a'mta, I will drink a'lc pa'xc, thin ice. to-morrow. a'lc capa'ts, a'lc capats (I), icicle, na' yi'l6n na'mtkit, yi'len na'ict "ice hanging" (not certain). a'mta, you will drink to-morrow. a'lc ta'n, it is frozen yet, ice yet yi'lgn a'mta {or a'mtg), hac yi'16u ("c'est glace"). a'mtkit, he will drink to-morrow. a'lc tixt, all is frozen over, it is frozen yuki't yi'lSn ica'mtikit, yuki't yi'len ("c'est glace"), "ice lying down." icamneng, we will drink to-morrow. a'lc to'kc, ice chunk, naki't yi'lSn a'mta, naki't yi'lfin na- a'lckit, it was freezing ("il gile"). ka'mtikit, you all will come to adlect kombust [adlesht combnst], drink to-morrow. the snow is heavy (E. D.). haki't yi'lgn a'mulx6, hakit yi'16n adlect lagn kombnst [adlesht lagn a'mtikit, they will drink to-mor- combnst], the ice is thick (E. D.). row. . .

26 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

a'mcnen, cup for drinking, hia'mghg, I will then drink, kapo' naa'mghg, you will then drink. drinking cup. a'm'n a'nike nta'hSntat, the haa'mShg, he' will then drink, kaukau' drunk came out at yukit ica'mghg, we will then drink, water he had nakit na'kam6h6, you (pi.) will then his ears (Lr-19). a'mne, drinking water, drink. kaukau' I am going to drink caka'mShg, they will then drink. kaukau' a'mto, water, am, drink! kaukau' ku'ts a'mka-u, wine drunk, uk a'mta, come to drink! kitsa'k a'mne to'l ha', whisky drink- uk am, come and drink! ing is not good, uk a'mto, come ye and drink! kitsa'k atse-e'c a'mne, the drinking a'm, you na a'm, you drink!; na'-ic of whisky is bad. drink now! kitsak paihe-uc a'mgt, I made myself ha' a'm, he {or she) drank. drunk, I drank too much whisky, nak a'm, you (pi.) drink! lu'itka a'mce, pottery cup. all drink! yu'kit mon a'mlA, let us naic am, did you drink? naki't a'mto, you (pi.) drink! nufi-u'cip coko'-i {or co'xko-i) kitsa'k nak am, do you drink! you drink! a'm-kaw6t, the village judge was naki't a'mto, let ye drink! drink ye! drunk, a'mlu, let us drink! ciko'm a'm cikna'-uco, I let the am cikna'uc, let them drink! cattle drink, wi am ina'-uc, let me drink! ciko'm kauka'-u cokmi'co, I give the drink! a'm na'-uc, let him {or her) cattle to drink, wi ca a'm na'-ucto, I will let some- cukotki'nic a'mne {or kitsa'k), black- body drink. berry brandy, sig. "blackberry wi ca a'm na'-uco, I let somebody drink" or "blackberry whisky." drink. cukte'-i a'mu, I take medicine, I yuki't ca a'm na'uctikit, we will let drink medicine, somebody drink. cukti'-i a'mu, I take {or drink) medicine, wi caka'me, I give them to drink, cul kau'kau a'mSt, the dog lapped ha' ica'me, he gives us to drink, the water, haki't hia'me-ulat, they gave me to wi himaka'wgt kitsak a'm-wan ya', drink, wi himaka'w6t kitsak a'mwangye, hakit ica'me, they give us to drink. I fell because I was drunk, drink (one wi (hi)a'mne, I have to wi cakam, I drink (A. R.?). thing) wi'c ke hia'mkin Jack maka'wet, drink wi (hi)co'ka'mne, I have to while I was drinking Jack fell many things. down (ha'c, "he," could be sub- am', a'mne, a drink, a beverage, stituted for Jack) hia'mcki(t), I am going a'm hatpe'ne-o, I finish drinking. wic kgtsa'k whisky (given a'mcne, a cup, a dipper, to take a drink of writer Teet Verdine). a'v {or a'bx or a'f) 'no'kgn ica'mShg, the by ma'n o't a'm'o, I drink all the if you come here we will drink, wic hia'mne, they drink, time, an Indian-made icak kitsak a'm hite'-u, a whisky {or yuk'hi'ti ka a'mcne, brandy) drinker. cup. E. D., ann; Ak. Jack a°-la'kin inho'lcilat a'mip, on an, ear (L-39, 40, 41); to Terrage and account of drinking, Jack was put anar according Du I read anect, or anuct in jail (hiwe'-uka a'mip would be Rivet, though original, "drinking hard"). in the Chicago copy of the (D-127). Jack kaukau' o'k a'mkit. Jack a'n hatko'mc, earring out of his kaukau o'k a'm'ne, Jack comes a'nike nta'hgntat, it came here for drinking water. ears (L-19). .

GAT3CHET] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 27

a'npanc, deaf, "ears closed." a°' ka't la'kicnto, a"ka't la'kicnto, I icak a'npanc, a deaf man (I). lock the house, I lock the door icak iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf boy ("je barre la maison, la porte"). (I). a'nkat la'kict, a"'kat la'kic, lock the kic a'npanc, a deaf woman (I). door! kic iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf girl (I). a"' kat ra5k, window, "short door" ci'won an, ears of a cat. (I). wi a'n iwanico, I move the ears, a'n kat-mo'k pa°'hico, I close the wi a'n pa'kco, I flap my ears, window. ya' cu'l ha' a'n ito'lco, ya' cu'l a'n a'n kat mo'k utsu'tska, pointed win-

ito'lco, I fix the ears of that dog. dow; pi. mokmo'k. ya' cu'l ha' a'n tlemtle'm, the ears of a'u-katmo'kin na'yu, a'n-katmo'kin that dog are torn. no'-u, I put them in the window. a'nkat pa'hict, a'nkat pa°'ict, a°'kat a'nhipon, anhipo'n, "folded ears," pa'hnic, shut the door! (-t final is rabbit, and by der. sheep, correct but is often dropped (D). atihipo'n he'-uc cakico'mc, rabbits a'nka't pa'-ic, an open door (D-123). have many young, a'nkat pa'-ict, a°'kat pa'-ic, open the a'nhipon na'-u, anhipo'n na'-u, door! sheep's wool, sheep's hair, a°'katpa"s, a°'katpans (A. R.), win-

an-hipo'n ti'l, rabbit skin (I). dow, "house-mouth shut."

anhipo'n wa'ii-cakna'l'nto, I will a'n kima'ti, inside the house, indoors. hunt rabbits (I). a'nkin, in the house (D-122). a'nkin ini'ho, I get into the house, I a'nmaiiman, a'n ma'nman, mule, go into the house. jackass, "long ears." a'nkoc, corner of house, angle of house. a'npakc, mouse, rat (A. R.), lit. a"'lak, a"'lak, jail, prison, "strong "moving ears," "flapping ears." house." anpa'kc he'ts, rat, "big moving a°'lak pa'lhi ya' nta'-ulat, they broke ears," "big flapping ears." open the jail and got out. ciwa'n anpa'kc ko'nkit, the cat a"' la'k pa'li yanta'-ulSt, they have catches the mouse, broken out of prison ("ils oat cass<5 an (D-138),an, a (L, D), a « (A. R.), la prison et ont sorti (ceux en- house, home; E. D., ank. fermes) "). a' a"', this house, a°' lak ya'-u, sheriff, "jail keeper." a' a°' hidso"', this room. a'nla'kin, in the jail (D-148, 150). a° a'nkin ita'ko, I came out of the a°' la'kicne, lock ("barre-maison"), house, and key.

a'ii ha'l, behind the house, a"^' lau'kit, the house burns.

a"^ hiwe'-u (A. R.), a'"' hiwe'-u, a°' mickec, around the house. church, "powerful house." a'n ne'p, a low house. a"' hiwe'-u ini'xn3, a°' iwe'-u ini'cnS, a'ii ots, on the top of the house. church, "powerful house to go a°' otsi, roof of house. into." a'n po' a'n, smoke-house (in which to a°' ikin t'ha'ko, I go out of the house smoke meat). ("je sors de la maison"). a°' pu'ckin, outside of the house. a'n-ids5'n (D-42), a^'idso'n, room, a'n cako'picne, white paint (for "small house" or "small part of buildings) house." a'n ta'-i o', the house is by the river a'n rti, in front of the house, (I), a^'kat (I), a'nkat, a'nkat, door, a'n ta'-i o'at, the house was by the "house mouth"; pi. he'-u a'nkat. river (I). 66784—32 3 .

28 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

a'n ta'-i o'tikit, the house will be by o'l tu'ko wi a'n ot, o'l tu'k'ho wi a'n the river (I), ot, I bring home a persimmon. a' nut ini'ko, I enter the house, po'ck on, pock a", veins, "blood a' nut micke, around the house, hoiise." a'n wa'l, wall of house, cikiti'c a'n hu'i, the skunk is under a" ya'n pe'ltat, a house stands far off. the house. a'ts a'n, sweat-house (I). co'k cakie'kc a°, co'k-cakl'kc a°',

ha' a"' nep, his {or her) house is low. store, warehouse, "something-sell- ha' a'nkin, in his house (D-123), ha ing house," goods house. a'nkin, at his house. (D-114). co'k cakie'kc a"' yi'mo", co'k cakie'kc haki't a° hokwa'nc leak, a camp of a° yimo'n, a low-priced store. soldiers, "soldiers' house." co'k cakie'kc a°' yi'ks hiwe'-u, a high- haki't a°' nep, haki't a'nc nep, their priced store. house is low. cokcaki'kc a°' la'wfit, a shop has hatutunS" a'nkatpans, glass of win- burned ("une boutique a brul6"). dow\ co'ko-i a°', courthouse. hiwe'-u a°, church (I). cu'k-am-a'n, cu'kam a°', kitchen (I). leak a'n ha'xc, a man without a cu'k-am-a'n ita'n, cu'k-am-an nta'n, house, where is the kitchen? icak a'n he'-u ke, a man having cukiu'lc hatu'xtsict a°', a schoolhouse, many houses, "a book-learning house" (I). icak a'n ket, man in the house (man cukco'c a'n o'tse ka'-uts, a bird flies having a house) over the house. icak ina'-ul6t a'nkin, these men en- tsanu'k a°, stable, "horse house."

(' tered the house ' (ces) hommes tso'-ots an, tso'-ots a°, corncrib, sont entre dans la maison"). barn, "corn house." i'cak cakya'lulgt caki'nauct a"' lak, wai an, wai' a°', stone house. they took some men and put them wi a°' kaukau'kin, my house is in the in prison. water. Jack a° la'kin inho'lcilat a'mip, on wi a° la'kin inu'lco (or inhu'lco), I account of drinking Jack was put put somebody in jail. in jail. wi a°' ne-tsa'xkip, my house is on John ha' kSn k6t, John remains at dry land. home, wi a'n wanne ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o), ka'kok a'nkat, fence gate, my house stands between the road ko'-i hlwe'-u a°' la'w6t, the church and the river. burnt down, wa'kSn, my home. lo'nlonc a''' kond (or ko'nfit or ko°'6t) wi kSn pa'-i o'kta John tewe, I will lo'nlonc a° ko'ukSt (or ko'nkit), go home with John (I). the lightning struck the house, wi nta'ku(?) a°' lak it'hi, I came out mi'n a'n cak-ho'pc, bumblebee (or of the prison last evening ("je suis more likely wood wasp), "bee mak- sorti de la prison le soir"). ing holes in the houses." wi te'ns a°la'kin ita'hu, I left the na' a'n o'tskin, thy high house, prison in the evening. na' a'nc o'tsip, your house is high, wic ku'l cokia'ku, wi hite't ini'kit na'kan, thy house, a'nut (or ini'hat a'nkin) ("j'avais naki't a°' nep, naki't a'nc nep, your mange, quand mon pere est entre (pi.) house is low. dans la maison"). ne'e a°, ne'e a'n, wooden house, wic nta'ku, wi ite't ini'kat a'nut, wic nec-kiiic ta'mc a°', saw cutting house, nta'hu, wi ite't a'nkin ini'hat, sawmill (D-135). after I w-ent out, my father entered ne'e palpa'l a'nkin, in a split-plank the house ("quand j'etais sorti, house (D-74). mon pere est entre dans la mai- ne' wa^p a°', ne'wa a°, brick house. son"). GATSCHET] SWANTONj DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 29

ya'n a"' na'xco, I point at that house a'nt'hu, ant'hu', owl (cf. an, "car"). far off. aceb [asheebb], heavy (E. D.). ya'-an a"' na'xco, I point at that wag aceb [uagg asheebb (P), ouagg

house very far oflf. ascheebb (C)], the hail is heavy

yu'kit a'n iti' yi'lckit, our house is (E. D.). lighted up at night, ack, shade, shadow (I). yuki't a'nkin, in our liouse (D-43). a'k wa'l (evidently it should be yuki't a"' nep, our house is low. a'ck wa'l), shadow, properly "sha- yuki't a'iic nep, our house is low. dow on the wall." yuki't ail ot tu'kto, we will fetch it a'ckin, in the shade, home, a'ckin aktsa'-uc, in the shade it is yu'kit kan, yuki't k&n (D-50), our cool. house, our home, hatackicnS,', parasol, "something to make shade for oneself"; also a^, a°' a° ! no!; E. D. han (or hau). umbrella, a'nenui, bullfrog (1). wi hata'ck'kinto, I shade myself. anian; to be afraid, to fear; wild, act, reed. ha ha'tanians, he is uneasy, ats (L, I), ats (A. R.), sweat, ha'tanians, wild, savage, ferocious a'ts a'n, sweat house (I, L). (said of men, animals, and plants), wi i-a'tsko, I sweat (I, L). I am uneasy, atsau, chestnut tree (E. D.) (cf. na-u', o:j). hehika'nen hatania'nsat, hehika'ne' at, a'tanians, I am afraid he would in- no'k at, armpit, "under the arm." jure me. Ata'kapa, an Atakapa Indian. hiyania'n ha'x {or ha'), I am not i'cak Ata'kapa, an Atakapa Indian, afraid of. an Atakapa person, icak hiyania'nco' tiwe ti'co, I was a'tna, few, a little (cf. hatna'). afraid of him but went with him. al atna' himi'c, give me a little meat! noha'mc a'yip hatania'ns (D-103), Anacoco (Gatschet suggests a deriva- noha'mc a'yip, wild turkey, "wild tion from a'tna, "few," and fowl in the swamp." kakau, "water," but this is very wi ha'tanians, I am uneasy, doubtful—J. R. S.). wi hiyania'n, I am afraid of. pai hatna'xuc, too little, wic wi ite't iyania'n ha'xcat, I was cokua'k atna'xt, cokua'k atna', a not afraid of my father (D-103). little bit of bread, a little bread, anka, a°ka, to play. atnu'ni (said to be a word of this lan- tansta'lik icanka'mcne, we will play guage but no interpretation is with cards (D-52). given) (D). to'kc no'mc a°ka'mcne, a round ball -e, an apparent sufBx which is perhaps for the children to play with. occasioned by blunders in hearing wi anka'ts, or wi anka'tc, I play. or transcribing; in the first four wi cakno'mc pu'ckin wa'n-a'iika'mc- cases n may have been omitted, tit, children go playing out of my and in the last case e has perhaps doors (D-64). been substituted for a. wi cakno'mc wan-anka'mctit, my ha ica'me, he gives us to drink, children go playing (I). haki't hia'me-ulat, they gave me to wic anka'mc(o), I play; pi. ca'kan- drink, kamc. haki't ica'me, they give us to drink, a'fipats, a°pa'ts (A. R.), onpats, wi caka'mie (amne?), I give them to sour, bitter, drink, kau'kau onpa'ts, kaukau' o'npats, tik ni'hue', go and lie down! vinegar, root beer "sour water," -ehe, -he, a future sign, posfeibly with "bitter water." the specific meaning "then."

co'kuak onpa'ts, yeast; also raised ap' 'n i'ken icS,m6h6, if you come bread. here we will drink. 30 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (bull. 108

av (or abx or af) 'n o'kSn icamShg, if eiku'n, ekun, aikun, a little while, just you come here we will then drink, now.

ha 3,m6h6, he will then drink, ai'kun (or eku'n) hatlacxa'nco, I ha hila'-i av o't'ghS, his wife will finish shaving myself, I quit shav- come here, ing myself,

haki't na'-ulhen, when they get there, eiku'n (or eku'n) ke'-uhatla'cnto, I when they shall arrive, begin shaving mvself while seated ha'kit coko'-i yul6h6, while they are (I). chiefs, eikun ke-ucukiakinto, eku'n ke- will haki't yi'len S.'murhe, they ucukia'kinto, I begin eating seated, drink to-morrow, eku'nnak o'ko, I arrive just now. will hiiimghg, I then drink, eku'nna(k) ta'mo, I have just as- ilu' tsik wiic ki'wilc ipco'k6"hS.", I cended; also I begin mounting, will in be a doctor two years, eku'nnak wa'nkinto, I begin to icak ha icoxko'-inhg, a man who will walk, I walk just now. be chief, ik'hu'ntan, ik'hu'nten, eku'nta, yet, coko'-iyul6he, icak he-u men who still (D-150). have once been chiefs, ikunyu'ts, a young person (D-74). kidso'nkckin cakwa'kghg (or cak- ikunyu'tsip, to the young people wa'ktikit), we will bake them in (D-118). the fire, ikunyu'ts iti, my youngest son. na amghg, you will then drink, icak (i)kunyuts, young man (I), ica'k nakit na'k3,m6h6, you all will then ikunyu'ts, half-grown boy. drink, icak konyu'ds ta"' caktewe' mo'ket, ntsa'ghg, she will ntsa'-un or bite another young man has come with you. the rest, ol 'n o'kSn icti'u6h6 (or ti'une), if ki'c (i)kunj^u'ts, ki'c ickali't (I), girl; you come near we will then go. pi. ke'cec. caka,'m6h6, hia'mne, they will then kic ikunj^u'ds wa'ci, an old maid, drink, kic kunyu'ts ke'-uwa'lcnto, I fan a coxmon icya'mc6h6, we will gather girl, everything (D-49). wic ikunyu'ts caktika'-u, I look tsa'-alhe, tsa'lc6h6, this cracks or young, springs apart, yuki't eku'nnak na'-uts61, we arrive wi wula'ktakcehg', I have kidney just arrive disease, now ("nous sommes a I'heure qu'il est")- yil mon ta'-i o hoktiwe icwa'nghfi, ya' icak ya ki'c kanyu'c yilwai'tikit, every day we will walk along the river together, that man is going to marry that young woman, yukit icSmghg, we will then drink. ehe'-u, ya ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut (or ot) yilke, that young marries ehe'-u ne'e, gum tree (L) (D did not woman that know this word). man. ehuks (ehoux), given by Du Terrage elafl, and Rivet as the Akokisa word for hatela'nc nak(h)atela'nc, very still, nail (fingernail, etc.). In the copy still, quiet, sad (?) ("triste")- of the original vocabulary in the wi atela'iic ke't'nto, I sit still, I sit Newberry library, however, I read quiet. c for e, and accepting this and em, to pound. assuming x to be silent, we have tso'-ots Sm, pounded (or ground) an almost perfect equivalent of the corn, Western Atakapa word "tsox" or wi e'mu tso'-ots, I beat corn ("je "tsux" (q. v.). pile du mais"). . .

OATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 31 efi, e'n (I), name. te'mak efic, kneecap. e'fi hiwa'uculat, e'n hiwa'hulat, I am wic kaukau' e'nc, I grease the water. called by name, "they call me by yil hiwe'-u e'fi, yil hue'v e'n, Mardi name." Gras. e'nke, owning a name, enetst (P), ainetst (C), wild goose ha e'n, his name, her name (D-81, (E. D.) (cf. nok)). 82, 97). enke'wict (L-7), enke'wist, prairie ha' e'n hiwa'-uco, I call him by chicken (called "pheasant" by name, some informants) (note: om hu'- ha' yuk'hi'ti en, his Indian name hu'hu'); E. D. enkeestt (see on). (D-83). e'nkilic, enkilo'c, English, American. Hiye'kiti cakio'nculat (D-29, 30), enkilic kona'n, enkilic kona', Irish

or Hiye'kiti cakio'nhulet (L-13), potato, lit. "English potato." they called them Hiyekiti. i'nkili'c yi'lu e'vhets, i'nkili'c yil icak he'-u hakit e'nip cakwa'-uco, I hu-e'v hets, Christmas ("Noel" call many people by their names, (hu-ev = hiwe-u)

ickici'l eii, her daughter's name est, the Akokisa word meaning elbow, (D-83). perhaps related to itse', "top" na' e'n hatse-uwa'nhicat, I forgot (q. v.). your name, ha, ha- stem of personal pronoun of na e'nke, you have a name, your third person (same in both dia- name, lects),

na e'ii ke a', have you a name? a' o'kit ( = ha' o'kit), he {or she) is Ponponne i-o'iiculat, they called her going to come ("il (elle) va venir"). Ponponne (D-70). ha' a'm, he drinks, ca ha' e'nip wa'-uco, I call somebody ha a'mghS, he will then drink, by name, ha a' met, he drank, cakio'nculgt, they named it (D-32). ha a", her house, his house, wi en, wi en (I), my name, ha' a°' nep, his {or her) house is low yuk'hi'ti en, Indian name (D-83). ha' a'nkin, in his house (D-123). en, efi, afi, a'ii {given once as on), fat, ha' a'iikin ina'-ulat, they entered his grease, gravj', oil, tallow, sauce(?); house (D-114). E. D. egnn, eggn. ha' e'n, his name (D-82), her name a'n ti'mnftn, candle (unlighted). (D-97). eii ka'-une ci'xt, grease jar (I). ha' e'n hiwa'-uco, I call him by name, e'nc kaukau', greasy water, ha ha'yu, he is laughing (I). hiyg'n eii. bacon, lard, "hog grease." ha' ha'lehe, he has the backache,

kau'kau eii, greasy water, ha' hila'-i, his wife, kau'kau eiict, kaukau' eac, the water ha' hipa'kat, I give him a blow (" je is greasy, donne un souiflet a lui"). ne'e an, soap, stick {or tree) grease (I) ha hitsu'mfit, he pinched me. ne'e a'ii hika, I make soap ("stick ha'ik himico (probably right), ha'k grease"), himi'cat, he gave to me. ne'e a'ii hima', sweet (smelling) ha iko'nkcat, he was fastening, soap, ha intsu'mgt, he pinched you. ne'e a'ii himat to'l(ka), tlie soap ha ica'l a'xict, she lost her calf, smells good, ha' icat, his head (L-19, 33). ne'e a'nik hatsa'-ukco, I wash with ha' icat la'c, not having scalp, "his soap, head shaved." ni'k e'ii, butter, ha' ica'me, he gives us to drink, ni'c-mo"' eii {or e'nek) ekco'lulet, ha ickici'l, her daughter (D-91). they tarred a man. ha' ictsu'mgt, he pinched us. nic-mon eii wi ikco'lo, nic-mon e'nik ha ite't, her father (D-98.). wi co'lo, I rub tar with. ha' ke, he has. okico'm afiicna, wax ("cire"). ha' kiwi'lc, he is master. . . . .

32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY tBULL. 108

ha' ko'-ita o'kat, he comes to talk, ha' we'het {or wet) himi'cat, he gave ha ku'tsnS,n ke', he has a knife, to me (?). ha lak, he is strong, he is stout, ha' wa'ntsgn, tell him! ha' la'kat, he was strong {or stout), (wi) ha' wantso, I told him. ha' la'k'n, when he is strong {or ha yi'lgn a'mta, ha'c yilSn a'mtkit, stout) he will drink to-morrow, ha' mo'ni na'kmicat, he gave to ye ha' ya'x, he eats, all. ha' yu'kit ot {or ut) icmi'cat, he gave ha' na'k {or na'kit?) tsu'mSt, he to us. pinched you (pi.), icak ha' icoxko'-inh6, a man who ha' nil, her grandchild (D-90). will be a chief, ha' nmi'cat, he gave it to you. ca ha' e'nip wa'-uco, I call some- ha 'ntset, his {or her) brother, body by name, ha' nu'k, herself, himself, by her- ca' ta° ha' okotka'-uc pa'tsfimo, I self (D-89). wash one shirt for another, ha' nu'nkin, at her home (D-89). tamhe'-uc ha pa'kin ta'mtsat, the ha nu'nkin imo'culat, they buried spider goes into its nest (L). her at her home, wi ha ot mi'co, I give him. ha n wi tsutsa'lat, he and I kicked wi ha' tsu'mo, wi tsu'mo, I pinch him (I), him. ha' n wi tsutsa'ltitit, he and I will wic ha' ilemc, I love him. kick him (I). wic ha' tsutsa'lat, I kicked him (I). ha' o'k hi-u'at, he came to see me. wic ha' tsutsa'lo, I am kicking him ha' ot, for him. (I). ha' ot mi'cat, he gave to him. wic ha' tsutsa'ltikit, I will kick ha' ca a', who is he {or she)? him (I).

ha' cakicak, his relatives, his rela- ya' ha' tsanu'k, this is his horse (I), tions (D-29, 138). ya' ha' te, this is his bow (I) ha cakmi'cat, he gave to them, ya' cu'l ha' a'n ito'lco, I fix the ears ha cakni'l, her grandchildren (D-85). of that dog (I). ha' cakno'mc, her children (D-85). ya' cu'l ha' a'n tlemtle'm, the ears ha' caktsu'mgt, he pinched them, of that dog are torn (I). ha' cata' hika't mi'cat, he gave to

him (?). ha'c, and he (D-63, 73) ; hac = ha'-ict. ha' cokia'x, his {or her) food, ha'c hidso°' na'k hidso"', he is very ha' cokmo'n, all his property (D-126). small, ha' co'ko-i, ha'-ic co'ko-i, hac co'ko-i, ha'c John Annie yilwai'tikit, and he, he is chief, John, will marry Annie (D-63). ha' coko'-ins, while he was chief, hac ipa' ha'xc6t, she had no husband ha' cok'okina'tsne, his arms, his (D-73). weapons (D-129). hac no'mc tanu'k ipu'ts ke, he has ha' coko'n cakiu'l, her ox (I). only one child, ha' coku'yet, he has been chief, he hac okwa'nc o't ti'cat, he went to was chief, war (D-104). ha' tsanu'k, his horse (D-132). ha'c yilke', she married (D-lOO). ha' tse-u wa'n(h)icat, I forgot him ha'-ac to'l atvi'v, he thinks he is (somebody) good, ha tsu'mgt ta°, he pinched him ha'ic ipca'k, he is a doctor. another) ha*ic ipco'kS'na {or -ne), he will be ha' tsu'mkinto, I pinch him (now). a doctor. ha tal, his skin. ha' tern a' mat, he drank yesterday, ha'kit a'mtit, they drink ("ils ha' tu' icuhe', he is uneasy about his boivent"), ha'kit a'mulet. boat, haki't an, their ears (L-41). ha' u'c, his body (L-34). ha'kit a°, their house. .

oatschet"! swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 33

hakl't a° hokwa'nc icak, a camp of na'-u ha'kit ica'tip, feathers on their soldiers, "Soldiers' camp." heads (L-26). haki't a°' nep, haki't a'ftc nep, their wl'c (h)aki't a' hina'ka he'-u hatu'-iv house is low; pi. ne'pnep. {or hatvi'v), I think myself as high haki't hia'me-ulat, they gave me to as they, drink, ya' cu'l ha'kit kin, that dog is theirs hakit hukica'k, their relatives ("leurs (D). parents") (Lr-21). ya' cu'l ha'kit cakiii, these dogs are hakit ica'k, their men, their relatives theirs (D). ("leurs parents") (Lr-25). ha'kit icak ko°'ulet, they had a man ha'kiti la'klak, they are strong, they arrested, are stout (L). haki't ica,'me, they give us to drink, ha'kiti lakla'kat, they were strong {or haki't nake'mc ko, they would wish stout) (L). to row ("ils voudraient ramer"). ha'kiti la'klak' (n), when they are haki't naxcna'n, they beat upon a strong {or stout) (L) drum (Lr-27). haki't na'-ulh6n, they will arrive, haki'tic, haki'tict, they. when they get there, haki'ts to'ltol atvi'vgl, they think hakit no'mc, their children (D-38a). themselves good (D). haki't ntset, their brother (D). hak'hi'tic ok-ina'tsulat, they came ha'kit nu'k, themselves (L). {or began) to fight (D-145). hakit o'l caktiwe, close to them (D). ha, -ha, not, it is not, without (D-90). haki't o't, to them, for them (D-86). atsi'ckic ha', I don't care (D-143). hakit cakoiic, they don't want (D). ha'hat, she did not (D-77), he did not hakit cakyl'kcta o'kul6t, they came (D-103). to buy. hakit hukica'k hokia'lulha'-uxc (L), haki't cine'v' a', who are they? (D). hakit hukica'k hokia'lul a'-uc, they haki't cincna'ni, they sounded a could not marry their relatives, rattle {or their rattle), ha'xcat, ha'xc6t, he had none (D-98), ha'kit co'koi {or ca'kcokoi), they are she had none (D-80). chiefs, ha'l wa'n ha'xcn, don't walk behind! ha'kit coko'iyul6h6, they will be ha'n, nothing, not having, without chiefs (L). (Lr-33); E. D. haan, no. ha'kit coko'ygt, they were chiefs, hac ipa' ha'xcgt, she had no husband they have been chiefs, (D-73). haki't cukia'xnSn iche'-uc, they have he'-u ha'x, not much, not many, plenty to eat (D). hihatsi'ckic ha', I am not pleased, hakit cukiolc-hatke', their pants hiku'ckoct ha'xc, hiko'ckoct ha'xc, (D). don't bother me! haki't tslk nu'k (D), ha'kit tslk hinima' haj^c, hinima' ha', don't kill nu'k (L), their two selves, me! haki't te'm a'mulgt (L), haki't te'm hio'k a'x, I did not come ("je ne suis a'mulat (D), they drank yesterday, pas venue"), haki't tiucak'nonhulet, they take a hicokecip hio'k a'xcat, hicoke'cia walk (L), they went out (visiting) hio'k a'xcat, I did not come be- (D). cause I was sick ("comme je ne suis haki't u'ts, their noses (L-38). pas venue, c'est parce que j'etais haki't yi'lgn a'mulxg (yidlnict) (L), malade"). haki't yilgn a'mtikit, they will hokina'dsul ha'xctan, before (they drink tomorrow, fight) the battle,

hakit yu'tsit, they grow, hokinadc ha' fie, after (they fight) the icak he'-u hakit e'nip cakwa'-uco, I battle, they end the battle, call many people by their names ina'-u cakna'-ucul ha', they would (L). not let them go (D-118). .

34 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

icak a° haxc, icak a'fi ha'xc, a man o'k ia'-uc, I can not come. without a house, pal ha', not far (D-68). icak ha' -an, no men (I). ca ha'n, nobody (L). i'cak he'-u ha, not man}' men, a few ca' cbha'xc, for nobod3\ men (I). ca'kiol katna'-u caka'xc, the men icak (h)ila'-iha'xc, a widower, "man had no beard (L-24).

without a wife." cakio'l wa'n a'-uc, a lame boy (I), icak co'kuan uc'ha', a liar, " a per- cakla'wiul hahat, they never burned son who tells what is not true." them (D-140). ica'k co'x kc6 to'lha, ica'k co'kco cavkco hilocne han, I have nobody to'lha', a good-for-nothing ("un to defend me. ") bon-a-rien cakyu'lc cako'-i ha', a letter not sent, icak wa'n a'-uc, a lame man, "a man cicakna'-uc ko'mc ha'xc, I don't let who can not walk." (them) hang up. ici'x a'-ucat, she could not cross cict kaukau' ha'n, the pitcher is (D-107). emptj' of water, itse' ha'c, "not having head-top" ciwa'n tsu'm ha'xc, don't pinch the (proposed for the word "scalped"), cat! itsixt ha'xcta, forenoon, "it is not co'kai 'n o't ha'xcnan, why don't twelve yet." you come here? ita'ns ha', clear sky, "not clouded." cok hipen ha', cokipen ha', foe (but ito'l ha, I am not well. not in war), enemy, i'-iic ha'xcin, don't become wrathful! co'kna'kc ha'xc, he doesn't hear, i'wiu ha, I doubt it, "I think not." co'k oktika'-u ha', things differing kapi' ha'n, there is no coffee, from each other, things not like ka'-u ha'xc ta'n, before he died each otlier. (D-106). co'kco ha' hiwa'lc, dreams mean kau'kau ha°, there is no water, nothing ("les r^ves ne veulent ket hia'uc hu'nS, I have no time to rien dire"), see him as I sit. cokuxts (h)a'xc, a fool, "a know kic ha'-an, no women (I) (evidently nothing."

should be kec). cu'l ha'-an, no dog (I). kic he'-u ha', few women, "not cu'l he'-u ha', few dogs, "not many many women" (I), dogs" (I). kic ku'i ha'xc, a mute woman (I). tsu'mc ha'xcta, before pinching him. ?ki'c 'nto'lgn na'xkan ti'cSn, if you tanu'kip co ha', never once (D-102). are a smart woman you will not texlk ha'xcta, flower is budding, go there; (na'xkan, you will not, bud, "not flowered yet." or you would not), ti'c a'-ucat, she could not go kitsa'k a'mne to'l ha', the drinking (D-106). of whisky is not good, ti'c ha'xcne, not to go (D-111). man ha'xcta, before long, ti'uxts ket ia'-uc, I can not keep ma'n ha'n, quickly, still, I am restless (D). manha'n i'ti, quicker, quickest, wi kau'kau ha"', wi kau'kau iha'c, ne'ha, unripe, I got no water, ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'xc, wet wic a' cokihu'kit ha'xc, I see nobody, wood doesn't burn well, wi'c ivi'v ha', I don't believe it. 'n hihu ha'xc a', don't you see me? wic ivi'v ha' co'x'nwa'nkit, I believe 'n hu'-u ha', I don't see you. nothing that you say. ni kaka'u (ha°) hiha'c, I got no wic wi iyania'n ha'xcat, I was not water (ha° may be omitted), afraid of my father (D-103). nima' ko'xc a'-uculat, they could not wo'c ico'l ha'n, nine, "without little kill him (though they wanted to), finger." ok hianc, I can not come. wo'c ico'l ha'nip, nine times. J . . .

GATaCHET ] 35 3WANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE

ya'c kiwi'lc ha', they are not French- ha'l tsi', spine, "back bone." men, ha'l wa'n ha'xcn, don't walk behind! ya'c kiwi'lc ula {or ul ha'), are they ha'l yi'lkin, next day (D-124). not- Frenchmen? hac okotke'hop paiha'l, the trousers ya'c nak tu'taiha'xc, ya'c nak tu'- are torn behind, his trousers have taiha'xc nka'kit, you do that for holes in the seat ("les pantalons nothing ("tu fais 5a pour rien"). sont fendus par derriere"). yu'lc io'-i o'k 'nu'xts a' 'n ta'nat hika't nl't ya' ha'l cokfii wi'(c), I 'n a', send me word whether you am five and a half feet (tall) can come or not (D-43). icat ha'l, back of head, ha (cf. a, to be). itiyi'lc ha'l, the last month (of the yuki't nu'ukin pum ic-ha'xc a'iti-yilc, year) we have a dance in our village this John tanko'hi ha'l lu'1-ici'hat, John month (?). jumped in and swam over, ha, ha'ha!, yes!; E. D. haha. kuiyatko'l lat ha'l cuki'n, three and a ha'hu, half sausages.

ha'hu it, previously, first (D-91) kudsnS'n ha'l, back of knife, (perhaps ha is a, this). no'k ha'l, tail, fin. hai, to cry, to weep, to neigh; E.D. hai. o'ts ha'lkin, back teeth, haihai'co, I was crying, paiha'l, pai'hal (I), ha' hai, behind, hihaihai'c, I cried, I wept, the buttocks,

iti man hihai'x-tikyilco, I wept all wi hila'i hai, my second wife, night, wi hipa'hal, my second husband, no'mc tanu'k haihai'c hi' kit, a child wic ha'l, I am behind,

is coming down weeping, wic hi ha'l, wi hi ha'l, I am the last of no'mc wa'n-haihai'ckit, the child is a line, I am beliind ("je suis le weeping (I). dernier d'une file ") cakio'l ckali't haihai'c hu'o, I see a wo'c ha'l, back of hand, boy weeping, yuki't icha'l, we are the last of a line, cakio'l ckali't haihai'c na'ko, I hear we are behind ("nous sommes les a boy weeping, derniers d'une file"). tsanu'k haihai'c, a horse is neighing hai tsi'k, may be used to mean "sec- (I). ond." tsl's waii-haihai'ckit, a baby goes hai lat, may be used to mean "third." about crying (I, D-66). hal(e) tanu'kip, once more, wa'ii haihai'c, he is going to weep, I twice more. am going to weep ("il va pleurer," hai tsu'kip, "je vais pleurer"). The following forms are some- ihaihai'ckit, I crying, I am wi'c am what uncertain: weeping, woe pe' ha tanuk (L), wucpe' ha'l hai, ha'l D-28), back, behind, (1^12, tanu'k, eleven, back of, after, last, in the numerals woe pe' ha' tanu'kip, eleven times. above eleven ha and hai are used, woe pe' ha' tsi'k, twelve, the former probably an abbrevia- woe pe' ha' lat, thirteen, tion; E. D. halk, also hatt (P) woe pe' ha' himato'l, fourteen, woc- v.). (q. pe' hai imato'l (D-87) a'n ha'l, behind the house. ha' ha'lehe, he has the backache. The following are in the E D.: ha'l he'c, backache. halg hannik, eleven, ha'l hiwa'ntikit ha', I finish walking. halg happaalst, twelve, ha'l itiyi'lc, next month, "the month halg laatt, thirteen, after." halg tseets, fourteen, ha'l kamka'm, back fin(s). halg niitt, fifteen, ha'lkin, afterward (D-95, 116) hallg laatst, sixteen. 36 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108'

hallg paghu, seventeen. icak hila'-i tsik ke'-6n hatse'ec, when hallg tsikhuiau, eighteen. a man had two wives it was bad. hallg tegghuiau, nineteen. kitsa'k atse-e'c 8.'mne, the drinking haUg heissign, twenty. of whisky is bad (a bad thing). heissign happalst halk hannik, ko'-i hatseme'c wa'ii-cakwa'ntskit, twenty-one. he slanders. heissign happalst halk happalst, ku'm hec ha'tse-ec, colic is a bad twenty-two. thing. han, to come near, almost to do (per- o'tse cokte'-i hadie'c, snake venom. haps from ha, not). cok'hatse-e'c caka', to bewitch, "to ka'-u-ha'n6t, she came near dying do bad things to them." (D-55). cok'he' atse-e'c cak'ho'lculat, they tsu'mc ha'ilckin, after pinching him. put bad medicine into them. tik ha'ngt, he came near, cokte'-i hadie'c, poison, "bad medi- wi cak wa'ci ik'ha'uts ti'kha'nSt, wi cine." cak wS.'ci ik'ha'uc tik'ha'nSt, my cuxka' atse-e'c, they are all bad, old man failed to drown himself, they are all mean. my old man almost drowned him- te'xlk hima°' hatse-e'c, this flower self ("mon vieux a manque de se smells bad. noyer"). wo'nnSn hatie'c, a bad road, wi ca' coco'lc ha'nu, I almost scared hatsi'l, atsi'l, rusted, rusty, rust. somebody, atsi'l ku'ts, the rust is red. wl coco'lc hinte'hi ha'nulet {or cu'xtsi'l, rust of things (pi. of hS,nulet), they came near scaring hatsi'l). me to death. wi kutsne'n atsi'l, my knife is rusty, hafic, to stop (cf. ha, not). hpt-, the reflexive prefix, "self." ha'ncSnto hokina'ts, stop fighting! ha'thu {or ha'tu), look here! ("re- okwa'nc ha'ncat, the war is over, garde!"). cuka' ha'nctin, having performed the hathu'ne, looking-glass, "for looking dance (D-125). at oneself." cukia'k 'ha'nco, I finish eating. hatik'ha'-uco, I drown myself. happalst (P.), happaalst (C), two (the hatka'mcat, I scratched myself. Hiyekiti or Eastern Atakapa (and hatka'-uco, I pricked myself. perhaps Opelousa) equivalent for hatko'mco, I hang myself up. tsik). hatko'pico, I paint myself white. halg happalst, twelve (E. D.). hatla'ki, to strain oneself. heissign happalst halk happalst, icat atyi'nsne, icat atygne, a crown twenty-two (E. D.). (made of silver), probably sig. hehin pon iolic happalst [hehin poon "wrapped about the head." iol-ish happaalst], two thousand tec hatko'tsnto, I crop my hair. (E. D.). til (h)atkai'-icne, belt, strap for gird- ha'cka [hashka], brother (E. D.). ing oneself. wi hacka [ue hashka (P), ouee ashkaa tuts hatko'kico, I bend my leg. (C)] my brother (E. D.). wi hatka'-uco, I comb myself. hatse-e'c (D-113, 119), hatse'-ec wi (h)atpa'-i, I turn something (L-16), ha'tse-ec, atse'-ec, bad; around. pi. hatsimec, ha'timec; E. D. wi nuk hatkolko'lco, I rub myself. ikau, ikao [ickao, bad; ikkao, wi tso'-ots (h)a'tkane, I mill corn- ugly, nasty], meal into flour. hiwalc ha'tse-ec, a bad dream, yuki'ti o-ina'ka (h)atito'lc ha'hat, icak ha'tse-ec, icak ha'tiec, bad man. she did not dress herself like the ica'k hatsi'emec or hatse'mec, ica'k Indians, hati'emec, icak hatimec, bad men. hathe' (P), hat'he (C), body (E. D.). .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 37 hatna', how?, how much? (cf. atna). ica'k ot cak'ha'yu, ica'k u't cak'ha'yu a'tnaxka man kef 'n-u'xts a, how I laugh at many persons ("je ris long can you stay? (D-44.) de (beaucoup de) persons"). hatna' hiyi'kicta, how much will you icak co'xk (or co'k) cak'ha'yu, one pay me? or how much have you who laughs at or makes fun of to pay me? ("un qui rit du monde, fais hatna' -inst, which one is it? (L-26.) farce"). hatna'ka pe'l a, how far is it? John ha'yu, John is laughing (I). hatna'x kan me'ts a, how tall are you? na ha'yuat, you were laughing (I). hatna' X kan wa'cin a', hatna'x kan wet hiha'yu6t, we'het hiha'yuSt, he wa'ci na, how old is he? has laughed ai me("il a ri de moi"). lakla'xc hatna' nke'a, how much wi ha'yu, I laughed. money have you? wi (h)iha'yu6t (or (h)iha'wit), I 'natna'ha, how are you? how do you laughed. feel? (D-69.) wic ha'yu, I am laughing (I). 'nhii'nat hatna'xka pa'-ihiticnana, wic ha'yuat, I was laughing (I). you have sent to find me, how wic hayuti'kit, I will laugh (I). can I return? ("tu m'as envoy^ ya' ica'k o't ha'yuSt, ya ica'k u't chercher, comment puis-je re- ha'yugt, he has laughed at this tourner?") man ("il a ri de cet homme"). hatt, back (E. D.) (cf. hal and reflex- yuki't hiwe'-uka ico'ygt, we have ive prefix hat-, laughed much, hatte', oppressive, (E. D.). he, he, painful, pain, what hurts, alliu hatte', the heat is oppressive strong to the extent of being hurt- ("la chaleur est forte") (E. D.) ful, sickness when painful; bit- hattoiau, haltoiau (P), wild beast, ter; pi. he'he; E. D. he, bitter (cf. animal(?) ("this word is added wai). to the names of wild beasts") a' kitsakc he u'c, this whisky is too (E. D.). strong. ha'-u, snow, frost, hail(?) (I); E. D. a' kitsakc he', strong whisky, lager hauett or haau elt, frost, hoarfrost beer. ("gelee") (cf. ale and wak). elu'ik hicokxe'cat, the heat made me ha'-u icka'm, sleet, hail ("du ver- sick, or I became sick through heat. glas"). ha' ha'lehe, he has backache. ha'-u idso'm, sleet, "small hail" (I). ha'l hec, backache. ha'-u ko'me, a big snowfall, also frost? ha hila'-i cok'he'c, his wife is sick. ha'-u komekit, there is a big snowfall, he' he'-u, many bitter (things). and frost? he nak he, he na'k he, he'x na'k he', ha'-u ko'p, frost is white. very bitter, very strong. ha'-ukit, it is snowing (I). he' CO to'lha, strong but not good ko'p ha'-u, white frost. (wine). tiu ha'-ukit, it snows (a little) con- he'hikane, he might hurt me. tinuously. hehika'nen hatania'nsat, he'hikane a'tanians, I was afraid he would hau kobb [hau cobb (P) or haau- injure me. kobb (C)], the frost is white (E. D.) he'c, it is painful, it aches; pi., ha'yu, ha-u, to laugh; distr. haiha'yu, he'hec. ha-oi; E. D. hai. hi' cat ots he'xkit, the top of the head ha ha'yu, he is laughing (I). is smarting.

hiwe'-uka wi ha'yuSt, I have laughed hicokec kco' yi'lkit ni5n (or yi'l to my heart's content ("j'ai ri le mon) ti'co, though I am sick I go coeur content"). out every day. 38 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

hicokecip hio'k a'xcat, hicoke'cia yuki't a' ya'nak icoke'c, yuki'ti hio'k a'xcat, I did not come co'kec, we are sick (a', now), because I was sick ("comme je ne yuki't ic-co'kcokec, we are sick, suis pas venue c'est parce que yuki'ts icuke'cat, yukiti' cuke'cat, j'etais malade"). we have been sick, or an Indian icak cuke'c, a sick man (L), icak who was sick. cuk'he'c, sick people (D-118). heissign (C, P), hiising (C), ten (E. D.). leak cuke'c he'-u, many sick men. hallg heissign, twenty (E. D.). i'cat he', icat hec (I), having head- heissign happalst halk happalst, ache; i'cat he'he, (distr.). twenty-two (E. D.)

icokhe'c, icoke'c, I am sick. heissign laatt, thirtj' (E. D.) .

icoke'cat, I have been sick. hets, hets, big, large (cf. he-u). icoke'cin, while I am sick. anpa'kc he'ts, rat, "big moving ears," icoke'cip, because I am sick. "big flap ears." icoke'ckinto, I am getting sick. he'ts kco tla'-u (or kla-u (A. R.)), big, icoke'ctikit, icoke'cin, I shall be sick. but light. icoke'cto, I am going to be sick Giwi'lc yil-u-ev he'ts, new year, (icoke'cnto, can not be said). "big powerful French day." kau'kau he', sea water, "bitter hika't he'ts, large toe, large foot. water" (I). I'nkilic yi'lu e'v hets, Christmas, ke'c cakcoke'c yo'xt wi ca'k'hinai, I "big powerful English da3^" think that many women are sick itiyi'lc he'tskit, the crescent moon, ("je crois que plusieurs femmes "the increasing moon."

sont malades"). ki'dsonc he'ts lau'kit, the fire is kitsak he', strong whisky, also lager blazing, beer. ki'dsonc hi'tutan {or itan (L)) he'ds-

ku'mhe, kumhe'c, ko'm hec (I), colic, kit, the fire is increasing, also diarrhea. ne'e hets, big log, thick firewood, ku'm hec ha'tse-ec, colic is a bad o' hets, big cord, big rope, thing. paihe'ts o°'uc, too little ("trop ots hehe'xkit, (my) teeth are aching. petit"), ots he'xkit, (my) tooth is aching. paihe'ts u'c, too big ("trop grand"), o'ts hec, toothache (I). pa'-ict (h)e'ts, pa'-ict he'ts, an ax. ca coke'c ti'xt wi hi'nai, I think that pem he'ts, cannon, "big shooter." someone is sick ("je crois qu'il y ci'ct pa'l he'ts, icpal he'ts, a great a quelqu'un de malade"). bowl, cakhe'-uc, to abuse them (D-80). coki'c ke-uhe'tskit (or he'tskit), the cok'he' atse-e'c cak'ho'lculat, they plant grows, the plant enlarges, put bad medicine into them. tsanu'k hets, a big (American) horse cok'he'c (D-54, 91, 112), cuk'he'c ("gros cheval Americain"). (D-118), sickness. ta'-i (or tai-i (A. R.)) he'tskit, the tsa't he', poison vine (a root re- river becomes bigger, sembling the yuki'ti konin or to'lk hima'kic hets, to'lki makict Indian marsh-potato root). hets, a large pin, a long pin, a uc mon (h)e'he (or ehe'c), my whole breastpin, bod\- is aching. tu'l hets, tu'l he'ts, "big lake," name wi he'xka-u, 1 hurt somebody. of a lake near Lake Charles, also wi o'tse he, I have toothache. the ocean, wi co' hehe'xkit, my heart is paining. wa'i hets, rock, "big stone" (I). wi wula'ktakc ehe', kidney disease wo'c he'ts, thumb. (I have). yil he'ts, large light, "big day." wi'c hehatka'-u, I hurt myself. yil hive'v hets, a holiday, a big power- wic (ku'ltan) icoke'cat, I had been ful day. sick (long ago). yil hue'v e'n, Mardi Gras. ;

GATSCH ET I DTCTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 39 8 WANTON J

yil hu-e'v hets, yil ive'v hets, "a ne'e he'-u ko'tso, I cut a heap of great day" (L says yi'l hiwe'-u). wood (L). yuk'hi'ti ntin h6ts {to which ha'- ne'e he'-u lau'kit, a lot of wood is on tanians maij be added), a great fire, Indian village, ne'e he'-u cakta'mo, I climb many he -u, to curse, to swear. trees, he'-ucat, he has cursed and re- ne'e i'c he'-u, rotten trees, proached, he has sworn ("il a ne'tatat ickSm he'-u, big oranges babille, " "il a grond6," "il a ("grandes oranges"), jure"), noha'mc ha'-u ca'knima'-u, I kill wan-cakpa'mkox ya cakhe'uc, she many chickens, went around to beat and abuse okotka'-uc i'cak he'-u cakcopats them. (h)imi'cinto, I wash shirts for he-u, he'-u (D-51, 78, 84), many others, (also used to indicate the plural) otse' he'-u ci'utiutit, the snakes go E. D. heu [heou] (also given as crawling, "they"). pa'-i he'-uc, too much, anhipo'n he'-uc cakico'mc, rabbits po'x he'-u caki'kco, I buy many have many young, cows, haki't cukia'xnan cak'he'-uc, they caknokna'-u he'-u, many feathers, have plenty to eat. cok he'-u hia'xlicat, cok he'-u hia'x- ha' he'-u, bitter (pi.), icat, I lost many things, he'-u ha'x, not much, not many, co'k he'-u cak'hidsa'mco, I join many he'-u cakia'm, lies (pi. of lie, false- things, hood), cok he'-u caktsS,'nco, I steal many he'-u cakcu'c ka'-u ti'-utit, many things. birds fly. coko'm he'-u wa'fi ho'ntit, many he'-u cukia'ko, I have eaten much cows are lowing, (D). coko'n he'-u caki'kco, I buy many icak a'ii he'-u ke, a man having many cows, houses, coxto'l he'-u wic ke', I have (much) icak he'-u, many men (I). luck,

i'cak he'-u ha', not many men, few cu'l he'-u, many dogs (I). men (I). cu'l he'-u ha', few dogs, "not many icak he'-u hakit e'fiip cakwa'-uco, I dogs" (I), call many people by their names, tsanu'k he'-u polpo'lxctit, the horses icak he'-u ki'wilc ipco'xku'l, men who gallop, will be doctors, tso'-ots he'wip hilc, corn sifted icak he'-u cak'ko'mc, many men separately (hewip = he-u + ip). hung up. tots-koi-he'-u, mockingbird, "bird icak cukia' he'-u, a big eater, that talks much"; E. D. takis-koi- icak ta'-ic he'-u, many strangers, heu. kakau' hidso'm he'-u cak'hu'o, I see tu'ts he'-u, centipede, "many feet", many stars, wi hitet he'-u i'-uc, my fathers are kic he'-u, many women (I), enraged,

kic he'-u ha', few women, "not many wi cokiu'lc he'-u ke'-u hu'nto, I read women" (I). many books, kic no'mc he'-uc, a woman who has wi'c (h)aki't a' hina'ka he'-u hatu'-iv many children, {or hatvi'v), I deem myself as high kitsak paihe-uc a'm6t, I made m\'- as they, self drunk, I drauk too much wi' cokiakna'n hehe'-uc {or ihe'-uc), whisky, I have many provisions, I have ndi he'-u, many fish, or many catfish. much food. . . . .

40 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 1U8

ya' hu'i pu'nso, I blow under many near scaring me to death, things, wic hipe'tst ha, I am not tired, ye'-u he'-u, sand heaps, lots of sand, wic io'nc, I do not want. yu'kit cukia'xnSn iche'-uc, we have plenty to eat. ak hamic [ak hamish], give me yuk'hiti he'-u, many Indians, water! (E. D.). ic he-u [ish heou], there are many kam hamic [cam hamish], give me stars (E. D.). fire! (E. D.) hi-, or i-, there appears to be a prefix tempst kaukauheu, the spring is of this form of very general mean- rainy (E. D.). ing—perhaps "it." Many of the hi, he, wind; Ak. iit. stems with initial hi or i probably hi' lak, the wind blows hard, "the contain it. Examples may be wind is strong" (a storm wind), found in profusion, hi' lak uca', the wind blows a little, hika't, hikad, ikat (D-142, 143), i'kat hi' lo'nkit, the storm is roaring, (I), foot (including the measure), hi' no, i'no, whirlwind, paw, wing(?); Ak. ikak (icac), foot hino' na', it blows a whirlwind, (according to Du Terrage and lak hi', a hurricane, a windstorm, Rivet, but they may have misread "a strong wind." the last letter c for t) hi, to plant. hika't he'ts, hikat he'ts (I), large hi'hulat, they planted (L-2, 3, 4). toe (also refers to feet); Ak. ne'e hi'cu, I plant a tree (D). kwates (quates) (perhaps hikat + pa'tite'-u hi'c, cotton plant. hets ) co'kic (L), coki'c, a plant (not cokic) hikat hu'i, sole "bottom of foot." (no word for "animal"), hika't ico°', smaller toes (and feet), coki'c ke-uhe'tskit, coki'c he'tskit, hika't ni't ya' ha'l coki'n wi(c), I am the plant grows, five and a half feet (tall). tso'ots hie, planting Indian corn hikat tsu'x, toenail (I). (I, L). icak hika'tsim, a barefooted man. te'puk ne'e hi'hulat, they planted ka'ne hikat, flippers of turtle. peach trees (L-2). ciwo'n ikat, paw of cat. wi pa'tite'-u hi'cu, I plant cotton. cukitu'liana hi'kad lat, three-legged hi-, i-, objective pronominal prefix of table. the first person; sig. me, though wi ikat, my feet, often equivalent to English I; hika'-u (perhaps from ka-u, to cover). E. D. ha-(?). ne hika'-u nak wa'nta {or hatwa'n- ha ok hi-u'at, he came to see me. ta), I am going to travel into all he'mic ka'kau, give me water! countries (D thinks the form in- hika'-u, I die, lit. "me die." correct) .

hike', I have, hiki' (D-135), hiki't, west (cf. Ik. hila'wet, I was burnt, ik'ha-u). hile'mc, he loves me. hiki'ke i'cak, a western man. himakau'kit, I fell, hiki'u ti'cta, I am to travel to the hipa'muiet, I was beaten, they beat west. me. ya' i'cak hiki'ke 6t, this man comes hipa'tso, he whipped rae. from the west (hiki'ke /or hiki-f- ike). hipu'nsat, they blow at me. hikon, ikon, to fasten, to tie (cf . kon) hipu'nso, they blow at you (an evi- ha iko'nkcat, he was fastening. dent error) hiko'nkco, to make fast, to moor hi' wants, tell me! ("amarrear"). ile'mc, I love him. (h)iko'nkco, I make fast, I tie a wi hipa' hUo'icat, my husband helped knot, I fasten! me. hiko'nc la'kic(t), a knot ("noeud"). wi coco'ic hinte'hi-ha'nulet, they came iko°'la'kic, help me fasten! .

OAT9CHET] DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 41 a WANTON J

icat iko'nc, to bind the head, to nac hi'lakc, you are wearied. tie the head (D stated that they okilakc, lazy (A. R.). bound the heads of infants for a co'kilakc, he is lazy (another) ("il month, apparently to help the est paresseux"). closing of the fontanelle). coxkila'kc, a lazy fellow ("pares- kul iko'ncat, or kuliko'nkcat, he was seux"). fastening. wi hi'lakc, I am lazy. hiku', soup, broth. hi'lafi, hila'ii, turkey buzzard; has hiku'av au [am], to boil soup or other meanings besides (cf. a'lifi). broth, hila'n cukte'-i, "buzzard medicine," hiku' hika', I made soup, ("herbe a carancro"), a kind of hiku' nko'xca, do you want soup? medicinal root (I). The trans- hiku' ti'k ika ko, I wish to make lated name is said to have been some soup ("je voudrais aller faire adopted by the whites. du bouillon")- hila'n te nee, the great laurel (mag- hiku' (ti-u) icka ko, we want to make nolia?); a tall tree with pretty soup, flowers and without spines. hiku' wi nu'k tik i'ka ko', I want to hi'lan wo'l ilank wul (A. R.), "buz- make soup myself. zard eye," muscadine. hil, to sift. hi'lan wol te'i, hila'ii wol te'-i hi'lckinto, hi'lco, I sift ("je tamise"). (L-9), muscadine vine ("la liane hi'lcne, a sieve (I). de soko"). tso'-ots he'wip hi'lc, corn sifted sepa- hile't, ile't, ke'let, ke'Iet, aunt (both rately, paternal and maternal), female tso'-ots hilc, sifted corn, cousin. tso'-ots hi'lckinto, I sift corn, hile't, wi let, sister. tso'-ots hi'lcne, a sieve for corn, wi hile't, my aunt (A. R.). tamhe'-uc hili'ni, spider web. wi hile't ta {or ta°), my female cous- hila'-i (1^12, 15, 16, 17, 18; D-29, 54), in, "my other aunt." hila'yi (L-17), ila'-i, wife (cf. yil). wi hicile't, wi yicile't, my younger ha' hila'-i a'f {or a'p), his wife is here, sister. ha' hila'-i a'fgt, his wife was here, wi le'ta, female cousin; le't ta, "the ha' hila'-i a'v o't'6h6, his wife will other sister." come here, hima', perfume, scent; to smell (cf. hila'-i ta'nuk, one wife (D-96). mun). icak hila'-ige (L) {or hila'-i ke'), a hima'tol i'ti, perfume, "smells the married man, "a man having a best." wife, kau'kau hima', cologne, "water wi hila'-i (I), wi ila'-i, my wife, smelling (good)." wi hila'-i hal, wi ila'-i ha'l, my ne'e a'ii hima', sweet-scented soap. second wife, ne'e ail himat to'l(ka), the soap wi hicintset hila-i, the wife of my smells good. brother. te'xlk hima"' hatse-e'c, this flower hilak, to be tired, to be weary, to be smells bad. lazy (cf. lak). te'xlk hima"' to'l, this flower smells ayi'l kaukau'kit he'yilakc {or hiilekc) good. tsets, to-day it is raining and I am himato'l, imato'l, four; E. D. tsik, wearied of it. tseets. himato'l tslk, imato'l hila'kc, I am tired or wearied (of eight "two fours"; E. D.tsikhuiau. something) himato'l tsi'kip, eight times. i'lake, tired (A. R.). himato'lip, four times. icak co'kilakc, they are lazy, himato'lip hipo'nso, fourfold. na ni'lakc, you (pi.) are lazy ("vous himato'lcgm, four apiece, four to etes paresseux"). each. .

42 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ilu' himato'l, four years since, iye' edso°', being smaller than (D- ilu' himato'l (h)atka'ki, four years 72).

ago (used of years, days, and iye' hidso"' it, he is smaller, hours) kakau' hidso'm, a star, "a small ive'vc himato'l (h)atka'ki, four hours sun."

ago. kakau' hidso'm he'-u cak'hu'o, I lat himato'1-u, three or four (L-18). see many stars, skale' himato'l, four bits, ka'k hidso'm, a small wooded island, woe pe' ha himato'l, wocpe' ha'l ma'kmakc hitso'm, smallpox, imato'l (D-87), fourteen, ne'e hidso'm ke'-u caku'dskit, I wocpe' himato'l, forty. whittle on many sticks, hin, paddle, oar. ne'e hidso'n ke-uku'tskit, I whittle hipa', i'pa, ipa' (D-73), husband, off from a stick, ha' wi' hipa', this is my husba d. ne'c-pa'l idso"'kin, in a buggy kic (h)ipa'xc, kic hipa'haxc, widow, (D-46). " woman not having a husband." ne'cpalpal hidso'm, small cypress kic hipa'ke, kic ipake (I), a married shingles,

woman, "a woman having a hus- ni'c pa'l hidso"', (1) a small board, band"; pi., kec hipa'ke. (2) a carriage, a buggy (" voiture"). ki'c mo'kat hipa' we liio'l we, a woman o' hidso"', small cord, small rope, who has arrived with her husband pa'-ict hidso"', a hatchet, "a little and son ("unefemme qui est arrive chopper."

avec son mari et gargon"). ciwon hidso"', a kitten (I), wi hipa', wi ipa', my husband. cu'kwak hidso'm, "small bread," wi hipa' ha'l, my second husband, biscuit, "my after husband." tsanu'k hitso'm, a Creole pony, "a vvi hipa' hilo'cat, wi hipa' hilo'-icat, little horse." my husband defends me, my hus- ta'-i hidco'^', a small river, a small band helps me. ditch ("coulee"), hica'n, hijan, tiho'p hidso'n, a hole not deep, wi hija'n, wi hija°', my wife's mother, tu' hidso'n, a skiff, a canoe, "a little my husband's mother, my mother- boat."

in-law. wo'l hidso'n, small ej-es. wi hica'n, wi hija'n cakiol, my father- wo'nnan hidso"', pathwa}-. in-law. wo'c kima'ti hidso"', ring finger, hitso'n, hidso'n, itso'n, idso'n, "little middle finger." hitso'm, itso°' (D-98), small, ya' hidso"' hiye' ta", he becomes httle; E. D. cka [shka], ska (cf. smaller than the other,

com), ya' hidso"' iti, he is smaller than a' a"' hidso", this room, (the other),

a'n-idso'n, a room (D-42). ya'c hidso"' i'ti tane'-us {or ta°ne'- ha'c hidso"' na'k hidso"', he is very u), they are the smallest ("the small, rest of these are the smallest"), hati'dsom, "little things placed on yuk'hi'ti nii° hidso"', yuk'hi'ti nli" themselves" (Lr-26). hidso'm, a small Indian village. ha'-u idso'm, small hail, sleet, (hi)te't, (i)te't, father; E. D. ca-u hiol idso°', the younger son (D-82). [shau] (q. v.). hidso'nkia, youngest, smallest, ha ite't {not ha'tet), his father, her hidso'nkit, to lessen (intr.). father, hitso'n kco ko°', small but heav}\ hitet hoket ta'n, the father or the i'cak idso"', "SmaD Man," name of a mother, male relative of Louison Hunting- hitet n oket, my father and mother, ton, wi hite't, wi ite't, wi itet (I), wi itiyi'lc hidso'nkit, a decreasing moon. ite't (D- 103), my father. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 43

wi hite't ha' ne ive'vcat, my fa,ther Giwi'lc yil u-ev he'ts, New Year, has measured his land. "Frenchmen's great day" (u-ev = w'i hitet he'-u i'-uc, my fathers are hiwe'-u). enraged. hiwe'-u kaukau'kit, it rains hard. wi hite't hiki pa'm6t, my father beat hiwe'-uka a'mip, on account of me. drinking hard. wi hite't hiko"' hipa'mgt, I was hiwe'-uka kaukau'kit, it rains hard. seized and beaten by my father. hiwe'-uka pakna'-u, I run hard. wi hitet hio'kna o'nc, I can not come hiwe'-uka wiha'yu6t, I laughed heart- on account of mj' father. ily ("j'ai ri de le coeur content"). wi hitet i'-uc, my father is enraged. I'nkili'c yi'lu e'vhets, I'nkili'c yil wic hu'l cokia'ku, wi hite't ini'kit hu-e'v hets, Christmas, "the Eng- a'nut (or ini'hat a'nkin), I had lish big Sunday" (hu-ev and u-ev = eaten when my father entered the hiv/e'-u; ive'v also heard). house ("j'avais mange quand mon icak hiwe'-u ke, a man having power. pere est entre dans la maison")- ko'-i hiwe'-u a"' la'w6t, the church wic nta'ku wi ite't ini'kat a'nut, wic burnt down. nta'hu wi ite't a'iikin ini'hat, ko'-i hiwe'-u ko-ine', prayer beads, after I went out my father entered rosary (I). the house ("quand j'etais sorti, otse' hiwe'-u, rattlesnake, "powerful naon pere est entre dans la snake." maison"). coka' hiwe'-u, doing much, industri- yuki't itet o'tsi tat, Our Father who ous (D-75). art in heaven. co'xkai hiwe'-u, w^orking much, in- yuki'ti ite't pel, yuk'hit itet pel dustrious. (D-101), our stepfather, "our yi'l hiwe'-u, Sunday, "powerful day"; distant father." a week (D-62). hi'tutan(P), in the following sentence: yil hiwe'-u e'n, yil hue'v e'n, Mardi ki'dsonc hi'tutan he'dskit, the fire is Gras.

increasing, the fire is getting bigger yi'l hiwe'-u pe'tik yi'l, Monday (cf. ik'huntan, and itol). D de- (D-149). rives the word from ita'n but it is yi'l hiwe'-u yil, Sunday. more probable that it comes from yuki't hiwe'-uka ico'ygt, we have

hitultnSn, "it is fixed." laughed much. hi'wal(c), hiwa'lc (I), to dream. hi' yen, hiye'n (D-66), iya'n, hiyan, a-iti-ic hiwa'lecta, I will dream to- pig, hog (cf. hi'yen, "hundred"): night. pi. hiye'n he'-u, "many hogs"; hiwalc hatse-e'c, a bad dream. E. D. cf. ending of kaghikan hiwa'lcat, hi-iwa'lecat, I have [caghicann], "wood rat." dreamed. hiyin wa'ii cakmuiickit, the hog

iti hi-iwa'lecat, I dreamed last night. roots about.

iti ma'n hiwa'lc tiki'lat {or tik yi'lat), hi'yen a'l, pork, "hog meat." (I). I dream all night, I dream until hiye'n en, bacon, lard. daylight. hiye'n he'-u caknima'-ulat, they {or co'kco ha'hiwa'lc, dreams mean many) killed hogs. nothing ("les reves ne veulent rien hi'yen i'jfickit, the hog grunts. dire"), hi'yen icol, pig, " young hog." hiwe'-u, powerful, strong, power, very hi'yen kic, sow, "female hog." hard; obliged, thankful (D-55, 59, hiye'n nima'-at, a killed hog (?). 112, 119). hiye'n nima'-ulat they killed a hog. a° hiwe'-u inixna, a° iwe'-u ini'cnS, hiyen cukwi'lkit, the hog is squealing. hiwe'-u a° (I), church, "powerful ka'kip iyen, ka'kip hi'yen, opossum^ house." "forest hog." 66784—32 4 .

44 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY IbULL. 108

hi' yen, hiye'n, hiii'n, hin (I), hun- hoi, to put into.

dred (cf. hi'yen, hog) ; E. D. hehin. inu'lco, I put one man in prison. hi'yen pon, hiye'n pon, hiil'n pon (I), Jack a° la'kin inho'lcilat a'mip, on hi'n pon (I), one hundred, account of drinking Jack was put hi'yen pon tsi'k, hiu'n po'n tsik (I), in jail, two hundred, cok'he' atse-e'c cak'ho'lculat, they hi'yen po'nip, one hundred times, put bad medicine into them, hiye'n po'n tsako'p, hid'n po'n tane'-u kaukau'kin pum-hik'hu'l- tsako'p (I), one thousand, culat, some jumped into the water hiye'n po'n tsako'pip, one thousand (jumped down or descended they times. did), Forms in the Eastern Dialect: wi a° la'kin inu'lco {or inhu'lco), I tseets, forty, hehin put (somebody) in jail. hehin nitt, hehin niitt, fifty, holli, to lie down (E. D.) (cf . nihu) hehin latst, hehin laatst, sixty, hole (I), north, hehin pagho (or paghu?), seventy, ho'lcike icak, a northern man. hehin tsikhuiau, eighty, ho'lco ti'cta, I am to travel to the hehin tegghuiau, ninety, north, hehin poon, one hundred, ya' i'cak ho'lcike 6t, this man comes hehin poon hannik halk hannik, one from the north. hundred and one. hom, hehin poon happaalst, two hundred. o'n (or 6h (A. R.)) ho'mhom, prairie ' hehin poon laatt, three hundred, chicken. hehin poon tseets, four hundred, hon, to mew, to low, to bellow, hehin poon niitt, five hundred—etc. hehin poon pagho, seven hundred, ciwo'n ho'nkit, the cat mews, hehin poon tegghuiau, nine hundred, coko'm (or coko'n) he'-u wa'ii ho'ntit, many cows are lowing. hehin poon iolic [hehin poon iohsh], one thousand, coko°' wa'n ho'nkit, the cow bellows while walking. hehin poon iol-ic happaalst hehin poon iol-ish happaalst], two thousand. hop, hole, hollow; to pierce. liok-, huk-, together, each other, one a'l hopa'-i, butcher, "meat piercer" another, (?). ha' cok'okina'tsne, his arms or ha' ho'pco, he pierces, weapons, haco kotke' ho'p paiha'l, his pants hokina'ts, battle, "coming togeth- have holes in the seat ("les panta- er"(?). lons sont fendus par derriere"). hoktewe' ti'ulat, they left together ho'xp na'-ulat, they left a hole ("ils sont partis ensemble")- (D-139).

hoktewe to, we are together, ho'pcne la'ns ti'l liu'i, the awl is hokwa'nc, war, "walking together." under the buckskin (I).

hukitso'-i wo'nnan, the roads cross ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'itikit, the awl each other ("les chemins se croi- will be under the buckskin (I), sent"). ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'yat, the awl was komo'k he'-u oktanu'ka, many dif- under the buckskin (I). ferent baskets, itse hu'p, fontanelle, "head hollow." ku'lke hokte we' to'xntsol, ku'lke(?) kaukau' tehu'p (I), a well; E. D. hoktewe' to'xntsol, we have been aggtihon, source, spring of water, together always. kat'ho'pc, pond lily, or water chink- o'kitsa'mc, to attack, to fight against. apin (L-8). cok oktika'-u ha', things differing ke'lakuats hope, the bottle is hollow; among themselves, pi. ho'pchopc. ta-i hokinu'l, ta-i hokino'l (A. R.), kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin te- the forks of a river, "rivers coming ho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a hole together." through mv coat. " .

QAT3CHET] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 45

komho'pc, ko'm ho'pc, pocket, " hang- La.), "with wide eye-holes" (Fr. ing hole." "crible," "tamis"). mi'n a'n cakho'pc, bumblebee {or hop, more likely wood wasp), "bee mak- wi hi'koiho'pckit, I cough (koi=ko-i, ing holes in houses." throat) ne'e ho'pcne, a big auger. houm, mole (E. D.) (cf. mom), o'kotka-uc ma'ii ho'pc, coat button- hu, to see (cf. tol); E. D., hiu [hiou]. hole. ha' o'k hi-u'at, he came to see me. pa'ktsaxc ho'pc, pa'tsalco'pc (L-7), ha'tu, hathu, look here! ("re- squirrel, "cracking holes in hickory garde!"); pi., hatu'nto. nuts. hatu'ne, (1) to look at, to view, (2) pi'c ho'pcne, gimlet, a borer (pic, glass. "to turn the top of the gimlet"). hatutu'nS,", hatutu'ne, glass, window pu'n ho'pco, I blow through (I blow glass, a hole through it) (D). hatutu'na." a'nkatpans, hatutu'ne co'k nke'a na komho'pcki, what have a'nkatpans, glass of window, you in your pocket? hatutuna tsa'luiat, the looking-glass teho'p ma'ii, "long tube." they broke, teho'p tsa'ko, to stop up a hole hiya'n hu'a, it is there that I saw ("boucher un trou"). this man. tiho'p hidso'n, a hole not deep, "a hu'nan hiwoco'c(o), hu'nSn iwoco'c, little hole." I am in a hurry to see him. tiho'p hu'kin, te'hop hu'kin, a deep hu'ne, to see (D-109). hole. hii'nst, he is seen (Lr-35). tiho'p hu'kin ha, a hole not deep. hu'o, I see. tolho'pc, needle (I). icak hu', ha(?) hu ya' ica'k, look at tolho'pcik ikika'wet, tolho'pcik hi- him! atka'-ucat, I ran a needle into my icak ica't ha'n hu'-ulat, they see a skin. man without a head (L-33). tolho'pcik itkatka'wico, tolo'pcik ichu', icu'hu, look at us! hatka'-uco, I pricked (or punc- it hatu'ne, looking-glass, "to look at tured) myself with a needle. the face." tu' at'ho'pc, tu' katho'pc, the cane itiyi'lc ihukit'ha, new moon, "I

is hollow (the second form is don't see the moon." probably erroneous). kakau' hidso'm he'-u cak'hu'o, I see tu hopke', the boat is leaking, "the many stars,

boat has a hole" (D). ket hia'uc hu'nS (?), I have no time uts hat'ho'pco, I pierce my nose (as to see him, I can not wait to see was done by the Choctaw, but not him, "I can not remain sitting to by the Atakapa). see him" ("j 'attends pour le uts katho'pc (D), u'ts ka'lhopc (L), voir"). nostril, "nose hole." kiwilc hiku'lat, Creoles have seen wai' pi'c ho'pcne, a borer made of him (1^-34). stone (I). mon nak'hu'let, we see ye all (L), we

wi ho'pco, I pierce. lie down (?). wi kom-ho'pckin (h)atke'co, I put 'n hihu ha'xc a', don't you see me? into my pocket (D). 'n hu'-u ha, I don't see you. wi ne'e ho'pco, I bore wood. ok-hu'-ulat, they visited him. wi tikta'mo tiho'p, I went to dig a ok-hu'ya, he came and looked at him grave (D). and (D-116). wi tolho'pc, my needle, o'k-ichu', come and see us! (D-68). o'l-hopc-icka'm, a sieve about two okcak'hu'-ulat, they went to see him feet long (about 1885 these were (them?) (D-122). still being made at Hickory Flat, pel hatu'ne, spyglass, "far-looking." ! ! . .

46 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108-

po'-ol tsa't'n hu'-ulat, they saw it hu'i hatke' ma'n, a long petticoat afterwards lowered in front (L-33) (I), cakhu ya' ica'k, or cakhu, look at hu'i hatke' mok, a short petticoat them (I). • cakhu' ds6l, we saw them, hu'i okotka'-uc, undershirt; pi. cakio'l ckali't haihai'c hu'o, I see a hu'i okotko'mc. boy weeping, hukin, deep, cokiu'lc ke-uhu'nto, I read a book, hukin ha, not deep, " I look at a book while sitting." kaukau' hu'i, under the water, tik'hu' ko'hat, she wanted to go to na'-u hu'i, sole of shoe, see (D-105). ne hu'i, under the ground, in the tik'hu' wo {or hu'-uo), I go and visit ground (D-135). somebody, or I went to visit some- pem kaukau' hu'i ko'hitsat, a gun body, sinks in the water (I), to'lka at'hu', to'lkatu, watch! be cakiol hu'i hatke', drawers (I). careful cikiti'c a'n hu'i, the skunk is under to'lka hatu' {or hat'hu) wa'n, he the house, takes care of himself, tiho'p hu'kin, teho'p hu'kin, a deep to'lkat hu'o, I am careful, "I look hole, good or carefully" {not to'lka). tu' kaukau' hu'i ko'hits, the boat to"ntavm nee hicho'mckin yuk'hi'ti sinks to the bottom, tu'lip lo'xkin iwa't'n hunst, some- wai' kaukau' hu'i kohits^t, a stone times he is seen coming along in sinks in the water (I), the bushes on Indian Lake and ya' hu'i pu'nso, I blow under that. Prairie, huke't (L-38), hoke't, uke't, oket, wi cak'hu'o, I saw them, yiike't, mother (see ten.), wi cokiu'lc he'-u ke'-u-hu'nto, I read hitet hoket ta'n, the father or the many books, mother, wi cokiu'lc ke'-u-hu'nto, I read a hitet n oket, my father and mother, book, "la book sit-look at" (I). oket pe'l, stepmother, "far mother." wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat tik'hu', wi oket tsi'pcat Tsa'yon ne' ot, my I went to the place where they had mother remains in Texas. killed a beef (tik'hu' = "ai visite"). wi huke't, wi oke't (D-98, 105), wi wic a' cokihu'kit ha'xc, wi a cokihu'- uke't (I), my mother, kit ha'xc, I see nobody, yuki't oke't, our mother (D-109). wic to'lkat hu', I watch, I am on the i-a'n (L-6), a fish (undetermined); lookout, Gatschet says probably the Creole wo'l hatu'ne, spectacles, "eyes to see "choupique." with." iautall, side; perhaps, rib (E. D.) (cf. ya'ukinto hu'ta, I wait in order to see wext) him ("j 'attends pour le voir"), ik, iki, to come down, to drop, to drip; yu'kit ki'c hu', we look at you. blot, dot. hue', hard (?) (E. D.). ek'hu ma'kco, I plunge into the allstcumat hue', the winter is hard water, (i. e., severe) (E. D.). i'cak iko ko"'ulet, they had a man hui, under (cf. Cukuhu'-i). arrested {or seized) while coming hikat hu'i, sole, "bottom of foot." down, ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'i, the awl is kaukau' hiki'kcne, gutter, ditch under the buckskin (I). ("conduit d'eau"); to irrigate, ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'itikat, the awl kaukau' iki'k, iki'k kau'kau, water will be under the buckskin (I). dripping or leaking,

ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'yat, the awl was kaukau' iki' kit, the water is dripping, under the buckskin (I), kaukau' iki'knS, eaves, hu'i hatke', petticoat (I). kaukau' ike, water drop comes down. ,

'GAT:?CHET1 SwantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 47

ne'e net hi'ko, ne'e ne ti'ko, I climb ilu' (D-87, 88, 96), i'lu (I), elu' (I), or eome down from the tree (A. R.) heat, hot, warm, summer, year (cf.

(net = ne ot). 3m, hiku, itsa-i, to) ; E. D. alliu nomc tami'k haihai'c hi'kit, a child [alliou], summer, hot, heat; alliuu is coming down weeping. [alliouou], heat, ta'-u iki'kit, water drop, "stands and a' elu', a' ilu, this summer, this drips." year, wi hiko, I eome down. a' elu'tut, this spring, ikau, ikao [ickao] (E. D.), bad, ugly, elu' nak elu', intensely hot, "hot nasty (cf. hatse-e'c). very hot." ik'ha-u, to drown (cf. Ik). elu' tu't, spring (I). hatik'ha'-uco, I drown myself. elu'ik hieokhe' cat, the heat made me ik'ha'-uts(t), to be drowned. sick, I became sick through heat, pu'm-hik'hu'lculat, they jumped into ilu' himato'l, four years ago (I). the water (D-147). ilu' himato'l (h)atka'ki, four years wi eak wS'ci ik'ha'-uc (or -uts), ago (used of years, days, and tik'ha'ngt; ke'mc (hi, -L.) a'-uc6n, hours), ika'-uts'n, ray old man has failed ilu' tanu'kin, one year ago.

to drown himself; if I had not i'ti ilu', last j^ear.

known how to row he would have kakau' ilu', the sun is hot (or lak drowned himself. (" Mon vieux ilu'). a manque de se noyer; si je n'avais ki'e no'mc ke'-at i'ti ilu', this woman

pas su ramer, il se serait noye"). had a child last year, iS.?P Ui&gp]> blood (E. D.) (cf. Ik). ki'dconc elu', the fire is hot. lit, the Akokisa word for "wind," ren- noha'rac ku' ilu'c, a boiled egg, "a dered in the Newberry library copy hot egg."

as sst or ttt. (cf. hi and patspats). j^a' ilu', that year. II, green, fresh, new, raw, uncooked; to clean; pi., ilil; E. D.,kalla [calla], alliu hannigg, one year (E. D.).

new; eell, hard alliuu is (C) (perhaps unrip- hatte , the heat oppressive ened). (E. D.).

11 ya'ko, I eat things entirely raw ilu' tanuk, one year; E. D., alliu ("je mange tout crii"). hannigg.

i'lic, to clean something. nagg alliu, the sun is hot (E. D.). iti'\-ilc, to clean something.

iti'yilc I'l, new moon. in, to ask, to question.

ne'-cilcnan i'l, a new broom. i'no, I ask.

ne-cilcnan i'l to'lka ci'lcntat, a new ca'kino, I ask many, broom sweeps well. wi k caki'nu (probably wi ok eaki'nu) otl il, a serpent with green and yellow I let somebody come, "I ask stripes, "the stinging snake" (A. them"), R.), "tVie hoop-snake." jai'lc caki'n o'k, a written invitation ilafi, to mourn, to grieve. to come to visit. ilaii-wa'fitat, she grieved continually, in, to enter (cf. ne, na-u, nul). she went grieving (D-105). a°' hiwe'-u ina'-u icak, priest, "the i'fic-wa'nkin, while they were mourn- person who goes to church." ing (D-115). a° hiwe'-u ini'xna, or a° iwe'-u i'iic probably intended for ilanc, or ini'cna, "powerful house gone else another form of it. into," church, wic ila'ii wi ickice't o't, I am mourn- a'nkin ini'ho, I get into {or go into) ing for a sister. the house, illipi, to jump (E. D.) (cf. pux). a'iiut ini'ko, I enter the house, illitt, to stand, to be erect (E. D.) (cf. ha a'nkin ina'-ulat, the\' entered his tsot, ta, to). house (D-II4). . .

48 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull, h

ikunyu'tsip ina'-u cakna'-ucul ha', ifi, to grunt. they would not let others enter hi' yen i'nckit, the hog grunts. (D-118). ina'hi, beyond (cf. nak).

ina'-u, come in ; also I come in ("I wai' ina'hi, beyond the stone, bring in?")- ya' hina'hino na'kta hinahino' ict, ina'-ulat, thej' entered (his house) one side (of the paper, etc.) and inu'lco, I put one man (in prison) the other side ("on this side and ("je mets I'homme (dans le now on the other side"), prison)"). ine', myrtle bush. icak ina'-ul6t a'nkin, (these) men ini, ini, to search, to hunt, to look for have entered the house ("(ces) (cf. in), hommes sont entr^ dans la mai- ica'k tsanu'ki i'ni-cakna'-uc, let-

son"). men on horseback search ! (D-69) . Jack a°la'kin inho'lcilat a'mip, on 'nhi-i'nat; hatna'xka pa'-i hiticnS,na,. account of drinking Jack was put you have sent for me; how can I in jail. come back? kaukau' ta'-u ini'xkit, the water ok-inat, he came to hunt for me. comes in. ok-ineat, he came to hunt for (some-

ko'mok ya'-u cak'ha'ne, to put fish thing) . into a fish basket (hane should wic i'niu, I am on the lookout; pi. of" probably be ine). obj. caki'niu; pi. of obj. and subj. ko'mok ya'-u cakina'-ucne, fish- caki'nitsel. basket (cf. ne). I'mnanta-u, name of an Atakapa. okotka'uc ko°-ina'-u tsaxk, take chief from whom the Mermentau and bring in a shirt for it is dry! River received its name. ("rentre une chemise, elle est ino', side. seche!"). ta'-i ma ino'-i, on the other side of cakina'-uc, I put into (prison) (cf. the river, ne). to'lpot ino', on the east side (D-71). cakina-uct a°'lak, they put them tu'l ma ino'-i, across the lake (D-73,. into prison. 100). cakina'-uculat, they brought it in. ya' hina'hino na'kta hinahino' ict, cu'l puxini'kat kako'ki(n), the dog one side (of the paper, etc.) and' jumped through the fence. the other side. tane'-u cakina'-uc ko'xca'hulat, they Yuk'hi'ti Tu'l hiki ino', on the west would not admit others (D-117). side of Indian Lake (D-135). wi a^la'kin inu'lco {or inhu'lco), inte', nte, neck.

I put (somebody) in jail. inte' nal, throat, "neck sinew" (1 wi icak ina'-uco, I put men (in almost inaudible), prison) inte' cuk, back of neck, occiput, wic ku'l cokia'ku wi hite't ini'hat it'he' okyu'l, i'nte okyu'l, neckerchief^ a'nkin, wic ku'l cokia'ku wi hite't necktie. ini'kit a'nut, I had eaten when my nte'ki(n), up to the neck, father entered the house ("j 'avals okotka'-uc (i)nte' tsuxl, okotka'-uc- mange quand mon pere est entre nte' tsu'l, shirt collar,

dans la maison"). intok, jaguar (?) (given as "tiger") wic nta' hu wi ite't a'nkin ini'hat, (E. D.). wic nta'ku wi ite't ini'kat a'nut, inu (see tsan). when I went out my father entered wi nu'k hati'nu'co, I hide myself the house ("quand j'etais sorti (perhaps it should be wi nu'k mon pere est entre dans la mai- hatsinu'co). son"). inwe {or inne), face (E. D.) (see it). fuki't ina'-uts61, we come into (the i-6'1, iol, i-ol, hi-ol, male, man, boy house). son; E. D. iol, man, husband. GATSCHETl DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 49 8WANTON J

ha i-ol, her son; ha iol (E. D.), her iofi, to beg (cf. nam). husband {also ha-iool). leak co'k cakio'n hite'-u, a beggar, ha' cakio'l, this is my husband (?). "one who likes to beg." ha' coko'n cakiu'l, her ox (I). wi cokcakio'nckinto, I am begging, i-ol he'-u, sons, yuki'ts ti'cne ico'ncat, we begged her ki'c mo'kat hipa' we hio'l we, a not to go (D-110). woman who has arrived with her ipa'l, hipa'l, near, by (cf. pal). husband and son ("une femme qui kidso'nkc ipa'l, kidconc hipa'l (I), est arriv6e avec son mari et fireplace, hearth ("foyer"), "near gargon")- the fire." ki'wilc ca'kiol, a Frenchman, a Creole, wai' ipa'l, by the stone. no'hamc ca'kiu'l, rooster (I). i'pcok (D-116), doctor, physician, ca'kiol, men (Lr-23, 24), cak-iol, haic ipco'k, he is a doctor, boys (D-81). ha'ic ipco'kg'nS {or -ne), he will be a ca'kio'l hu'i hatke', drawers (I). doctor,

cakiol ickali't (I), (i) cakio'l ickali't, ilu' tslk wiic ki'wilc ipco'k6"ha°, I boy. will be a doctor in two years. cakio'l ckali't haihai'c na'kco, I hear icak he'-u ki'wilc ipco'xku'l, men who a boy weeping, will be doctors, cakio'l na-u koko'p, a man's stock- icak ki'wilc ipcotikit, a man who will ings, socks, be a doctor, ca'kio'l cuko'ke, pants (I). icak tanu'kip ki'wilc ipco'kat, a man cakio'l wa'ii a'-uc, a lame boy (I). who once was a doctor, cak-io'l wa'ci, an old bachelor (I). ki'wilc i'pcok, a French {or white) cokio'l no'mc (properly cakio'l no'mc), doctor,

the boys (D-65). ki'wilc ipco'kinto, I am doctoring, I coko'n cakiu'l, bull (I). am going to doctor (A. R.). tsik-i-ol, twins, "two sons." na'ic ipco'k, you are a doctor, wi hica'n (or wi liija'n) cakiol, my nakitic i'pcok (A. R.), you are doc- father-in-law. tors. wi i-ol, wi hi-ol, wi yol (I), son; my wic hi-ipco'kat, I was a doctor, E. D., husband, my wi'c ipco'k, I am a doctor, wi hi-ol hidso'n, my youngest son. yuk'hi'ti ipco'k, the Indian conjurer wi yol yu'ds, wi iol yu'ds, my eldest (D-55). son. yuki'ti ipco'kSne', we will be doctors, ya cukio'l, the men (D-144). yukitic ca'kipcok, we are doctors.

wee iool [ouee iool (C)], ue' iol, my ipu'ts, only, but. husband (E. D.). hac no'mc tanu'k ipu'ts ke, he has iolic [iolish], old (E. D.) (cf. wa'ci). but one child, hehin pon iolic [hehin pon iolish], one nomc ta'nuk ipu'ts, but one child. thousand, the old hundred (E. D.). Iska'nta, proper name of a man

hehin pon iolic happalst [hehin p5n (Skunnemoke ?) (see skenne). iol-ish happalst], two thousand ic-, objective pronominal prefix of the (E. D.). first person plural; often used i-ofi, to sting. where English requires the subjec- i-6'n, it stings (once). tive pronoun,

koyi'u cakio'nc, koyi'u cakio'nc (I), af 'no'kgn ica'mghg, if you come here whooping cough ("coqueluche"), we will drink,

"stinging them in the throat" (?). eku'nnak o'kts6l, we arrive just now. min cakio'n, wasp, "stinging bee." ha ica'me, he gives us to drink, miii cak-yo'nkit, a bee stings many, ichu, look at us! tsanu'k cakio'nc, horse fly, "stinging icitsyu'tsicat, we grew up. horses." iclemc, he loves us. . .

50 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

icna'-uts6n, when we get there. (N. icat iko'nc, to bind or tie the head B.—This seems to contain both (said to have been to close the the subjective and the objective fontanelle, since it was continued forms of the second person plural.) for only a month) icpatsha'hat, he did not whip us. ica't ito'lc, to prepare or fix the head, tansta'lik icank&'mcne, we playing icat lac, scalp (I) with cards. ica't to'l ke, having a good head tiu-sakio'ns icwa'fighg, we will start ("bonne tete ayant"). out visiting. ica'tkin, on their heads (L-37, 38). yuki't ico'nc, we do not want. ica'tkin pa'kco, icat pa'xco, I flatten yuki't icco'kcokec, we are sick. the head (of a child), yuki't iccukia'-iko, we want some- icteme'kin pu'nso, I blow into a hat. thing to eat. ictemet, hat (of man), cap (I). -ic, -c, "in the pronouns this means i'ctemet ma'ii, sunbonnet, "long sequent in time; I do it now, after hat" (I). this you do it" (D); a similar pre- kodsniin icat caklacnS,, "knife for fix is used with verbs. shaving the head," scalping knife ic [ish], star (E. D.); ic [iche], sun (?). (Ak.) (see kakha'u). ku'dsnin ti'k icat, iron arrowhead ic [ish] heu [heoia], many stars are (I).

^ shining (E. D.). Tsaxta' hakit no'mc ica't cakpalpa'I icetions [ichetions], stars (Ak.). icat, the Choctaw flatten their ic, to rot, stink, smell bad. children's heads (D-38a). ne'e i'c, a rotten tree. ti'k icat, arrowhead, ne'e' i'c he'-u {or I'cic), rotten trees. ticat, brain. cikitic i'cat, the skunk stinks. icix, to cross, to ford. Tso'ots ic, "Rotten Corn," proper a'kitoc lu'l (icict), the frog swims name of a chief living on Lake (to the other side), Charles. hukitso'l wo'iin^n, the roads cross ica, to be born. each other, kiwi'lc nu'nki ica'kgt, he was born in ici'ho, I go over. a village of whites; or at Lafayette, John tanko'hi ya' lu'1-ici'hat, John the old name of Vermilion ville. jumped in and swam over, wi af i-ica'k6t (A. R.), wi a'vp {or kaukau' ka'c ici'xkinto, I cross at " a'p) i-ica'k6t, I was born here (" v high water, almost inaudible). kaukau' ka'cik ici'x a'-ucat, she could ica't (L-19, 34), ica't (Lr-33, D-38a, not cross the high water (D-107). 54), head; E. D., achat [ashhat kaukau' na'l ici'ho, I cross at low (P),ashat (C)]; Ak. sac (sache). water,

ha' icat la'c, not having a scalp, he is (kipa'xci) ta'-i pa'mici'ko, I ford a a scalped man. river on foot. (The first word is hakit ica' tip, on their heads (L-26). not essential.) hi' cat o'ts he'xkit, the top of the head tsanu'kip hite'-u ici'ko {or ite'w-i'ciko, is smarting. hite'wici'ko) ta'-i (kipa'xci), I icak icat la'c, shaved head, -perhaps ford a river on horseback (kipa'xci, scalp. "across," may be omitted), icak ica'tsim, a bareheaded man. ta'-i lu'l (icict), it swims (to the other icat atygne (D-132, 133), icat atyi'n- side of the river), sne (D-136), crown of head. yu'l okitso'-ic, crossed, having stripes icat ha'l, back of head. crossing each other. i'cat he', having a headache; distr. icka'm, ickeni, broad (cf. kome,

i'cat he'he. thick) ; E. D. see uici. icathec, headache (I). a'lin hicka'm, big grapes (L-9). gatschet] bwantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 51

ha'-u icka'm, sleet, hail, "large ict, it is (= -c).

snow" ("du verglas"). ya' hina' hino' na'kta hinahino' ict,, itsak icke'm, big ant ("grosse "now on this side and now on the fourmi"). other side it is," one side (of a ne'e taka'-uc Icka'm, a large thick paper, etc.) and the other side. limb. i'ctoxc, histo'xc, mulatto.

ne'e taka'mc icka'm, large thick icuhe, to pit}', to like; also te care for, limbs. to be anxious for.

ne'tatat ickSm he'-u, big oranges ha' tu' iouhe', he is uneasy, or ("grandes oranges"). anxious, about his boat, o'k yul ickam, shawl, "broad hand- wi ica'k icuhe', I am uneasy about kerchief." the man (i- = the incorporated ots ickam, molar tooth, "broad personal pronoun?), tooth." wi ica'k cohe', I like my family, wa'c ickam, wa'c ickem, cabbage, wi' ka'n hi'cak cuhe'-u, I am uneasy "broad leaf". on account of my home, I pity the wa'c ickam wi'l (I), wa'c ickem people at my home ("de chez moi wi'l, cabbage root; also turnip, je suis inquiet"). "broad-leaf root". wi cuhe' ica'k, I am uneasy about aboriginal wo'l-hopc-icka'm, sieve my family ("I pity" is used here " about two feet square (Fr. crible," for "I am uneasy"). "tamis"), "having wide eye- icul, to catch; pi. of obj. ica-u. holes". Made at a place called icu'lat, he caught it. Hickory Flat in 1885. icu'lulat, they caught it. wo'l icka'm, large eyes, "broad koko'kic-o'-ik cakicau'tsSl, we catch eyes." them by means of a fishing line, ico'l, nail. na'kit icu'ltgm, you (pi.) caught it. kiits'n i'col, iron nail. cakicau'tsgl, we catch them (D-50). kuts'n tat icol, brass nail. wic icu'l ndi', I catch a fish, ne'e icol, wooden nail. ya'-u icu'lo", I have caught (or ico'l (pronounced like word for "nail' ')> pulled out) a fish; 2d person: na young, little one (cf. hitso'n); icu'la (A. E,.), na icu'lo, na icu'len. E. D. icpe [ishpe], boy, young. ya'-u tsik cakica'wu, I have taken ha ico'l a'xlic, ha ico'l a'xict, she lost two fish; sing, ica'wu. her calf. its, to v/ake, "to get up." ci'won ico'l, coko'n ico'l (I), kitten, wi h(y)ati'tsat, I wake up (intr.). young cat. wi caki'dso, I wake somebodj' up. coko'n ico'l (A. R.). coko'm ico'l, a wi cakidsidso, I wake somebody up calf. repeatedly, cul ico'l, puppy, young dog. its-, perhaps derived from itse, top^ ta'-i ico'l {or icu'l), a bayou, a rivu- above (q. v.). let, a brook (L). icitsiu'tsicat, we grew up, she raised wo'c hico'l, small finger. us (D-101). wo'c ico'l ha'n, nine, "without little icitsyu'tskin, while we were growing finger." up (D-73). wo'c ico'l ha' nip, nine times. wi no'mc tsik cakitsyutsickinto, I nikib [nickib] woman, wife, young raise two children. mother (E. D.) itsai, to fry (cf. am, ilu', tlo). nikib icpe [nickib-ishpe], tegn-icpe al itsa'-i, fried meat,

[tegn-ishpe], girl, young woman al itsa'-i, 1 itsa'ine, beefsteak, etc. (E. D.). ka'ne itsa'-i, fried turtle, wi nikib [ue nickib], my wife (E. D.). kapi' itsa'i, to parch coffee ("guUer ha nikib [ha nickib], his wife (E. D.). du cafe"). .

52 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

kapi' itsa'-ine, parching pan for a'c la'k i'ti tsi'k, he is the stronger coffee, of the two.

noha'mc ku itsa'-i, omelet, fried ha'hu It, first, previously (D-91). eggs, scrambled eggs, hati't' tiko'mc, apron, "hanging in

cakitsa'-i lia'-u ya'-e-(h)atpe'nsts6l, front" (?) (I). we fry many and eat enough (pe = hima'tol i'ti, perfume, "smells the to finish) (D-51). best."

wi itsa'-i, I fry. hiol wa'cin i'ti, the oldest boy (D-8) itsa'k, itsak, ant. ikunyu'ts iti, my youngest son. itsak icke'm, a large ant ("grosse it atko'picne, white paint for the fourmi"). face (I).

itsak pa', anthill; nest of ant ("nid It hadsa'kcne, It hadca'cne (I), towel, de fourmi"). "face wiper," "face dryer." itse', itsix, itsi(k), top, culmination, It hatu'ne, looking-glass. above; also bulge of forehead It itiyi'lc, the first month, the past (cf. ots). month, itse', bulge of the forehead (Armojean it ca'k hadsa'kic'nto, I rub or dry did not recognize this word), the face,

itse' ha'c, "not having head-top" i'ti ilu', last year. (proposed as an equivalent for i'ti pa'kna'-u, I run before (some- "scalped man"), thing following me at about equal i'tse hehe', top of head (he'he = iye). speed) itse' hu'p, fontanelle, "head hollow." i'ti te'm, day before yesterday itsi'xt, or kakau' itsi'xt, it is noon, ("avant-hier"). twelve o'clock ("il est midi"). i'tiwank (or i'twank) ho'kwanc, war itsi'xt ha'xsta, itsixt ha'xcta, fore- chief, "going ahead in war." noon, "it is not twelve yet." itiwa' p6t, a little dizzy, itsi'xt katpa'-ict, afternoon (I), itiy itiye'lc hal, the last month (of itsiwan, dizziness, vertigo, "top of the year), head moving." itiy itiye'lc kima'tip, the intermediate kakau' itsi'(k) iwat, the sun rises, month,

kakau' itsi'xne o'l, the sun is on the iye' hidso"' It, he is smaller, point of culminating, the sun is ki'c no'mc ke'-at i'ti ilu', this woman soon going to culminate. had a child last year, itsk, chest, breast (lungs?). manha'n i'ti, quicker, quickest ("plus itsk kamka'm, "what stands out veloce").

from the breast." na' It la'kc, your face is dirty (I), itsktgtat ka'-utskit, the meadow-lark o'ts I'tkin, front tooth, is flying (I). coki'ti (L-10), co'^kiti (D-10), chiefs, cukco'c itsktgta't, lark, "yellow- "ahead of things" (but this may breasted bird." be a mistake for coko'-i).

wi i'tsk po'ckit, I bleed from the tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye'lak, lungs. the horse is going ahead of the its-kawi'c, coward ("capon") ("head dog (la'-ak, strong, quick),

covered" itse Jca-u (?)); E. D. tsanu'kc mets i'ti cu'lut iye'mets, odskaho, coward ("poltron"). the horse is taller than the dog. i't, manure. tanu'k ma'ii iti', to overlap, one the co'kon i't, coko'n it (I), manure or longest, "one larger than the dung of cattle. other." it (D-120), i't, et (I) face, E. D. inwe wai' i'ti, on this side of the stone, (P), inne (C); i'ti, it, before, the wa'cin iti, my oldest son. first, more (pronounced about like wi I't tla'kc, my face is dirty, word meaning "dark"), wi i'ti wa'nkinto, I govern, I am a'n i/ti, in front of the house. chief ("je vais devant"). . .

oatschet"! swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 53

wic hi-i'ti, I am the first of a line itha'n, ita'n, where. ("je suis le premier d'une file"), ita'ii mon, everywhere.

wo'c it, index finger (It, "devant"). it'ha'n ike ok'n, where do you come

ya' hidso"' i'ti, he is smaller than from? (the other, ta"). it'ha'n ti'cta (or di'cta), where do you

ya yuds i'ti, he is larger than (the go? other, ta°')- na' na'-u ita'n na'-i, where did you ya'c hidso"' i'ti tane'-us (or ta^ne'-u), put your shoes? they are the smallest of all, "the 'nt'ha' ike o'k', 'nt'a'-ike o'k'n, where rest of them are the smallest." do you come from? yuki't iciti', we are the first of a line cu'k-am-a'n nta'n (or ita'n), where is ("nous sommes les premiers d'une the kitchen? file"). cul ita'n a', where is the dog? ite-u, to ride. it'ha'ns, ita'ns, itants, cloud, clouded, atkipaxci ite'wu, I ride with the legs cloudy ("nuee"), sky, heaven (cf. on both sides (as was formerly iti); E. D. tagg, heaven, sky; tagg- customary for women), tchy, cloud, stormcloud ("nuee"). ite'wi, I ride. ita'ns ha', clear sky, "not clouded." kina'l ite'wo, I ride astride. ita'ns ka'-uc, it'ha'ns ka'-uc (I), num tanu'k ite'wo, I ride on one cloud, a flying cloud, side, it'ha'ns ka'-u ko'mi, the cloud is pel ha ite'-u o'kne, it is not far to heavy (or thick) come when one travels on a horse, it'ha'ns ka'-u la'k, the clouds go fast, cukite'-uka'hune, chair, the clouds drift rapidly, the fast- icukite'-uka'wine hatwilwi'lcnS,, rock- flying clouds, ing chair, it'ha'ns utskau'ckit, a cloud is going iisanu'k ite'-u, I ride on horseback. over (the sun), i;sanu'kip hite'-u-ici'ko (or ite'w-iciko kakau' ita'ns utska'-ucat (or utskau'- or hite'wici'ko) ta'-i kipa'xci, I c6t), the clouds cover the sun, the ford a river on horseback, sun is clouded over, wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, I ne n'itanc'n icak 'n moni, the world, put the box on the chair, "all people in earth and heaven." yuki't tsanu'k cakite'-uts61, or yu'kit yi'l ita'nts, the day is dark, the day is tsanu'k cakito'kic, we ride on cloudy, horseback. iti' (D-113, 114), dark, evening, night ite-u, hite-u, to like, liking to (Creole (i'ti, before(?)); E. D. tegg, night; "ramendeur"). ett (or possibly ete), darkness, icak kitsak a'm hite'-u, a whisky (or a itiyi'lc, this month (D-53). brandy) drinker, a' iti', to-night, this night, icak co'k cakio'ii hite'-u, a beggar, a-iti-ic hiwa'lecta, I will dream to- icak co'k caktsS'nkc hite'-u, a great night, thief, eti' a' o'yu, yesternight 1 slept here, ko'-i hite'-u, a big talker, one who etr man, iti man, the whole night likes to talk, slang-whanger, "ba- through,

vard." iti hi-iwa'lecat, I dreamed last night,

•caknam hite'-u, a beggar, "liking to iti' kima't, midnight (I). ask them." iti ma'n hihai'xtikyilco, I wept all tsanu'ki ite'-u o'kne, coming on a night,

horse (D-68). iti ma'n hiwa'lc tiki'lat (or tik yi'lat), wic ketsa'k Itg', I lovew hisky (Teet I dream all night (until daylight),

Verdi ne) iti' nak iti', it is very dark,

wic wan hite'-u (or ite'-u), I like to i'ti te'm, day before yesterday (I). walk. iti'c ina'ha, dusk, getting dark. . .

54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (BtJLL. 108

iti'yilc i'l, new moon. yuki'ti o-ina'ka (h)atit6'lc ha'hat, itiyi'lc pe'tst kahiya', itiyi'lc pe'tst she did not dress like the Indians

kawia (?), last month. (D-77). itij'i'lc tanu'k, one month (Lr-39). itol (P).' itiyi'lc yi'l, the moon shines, o'k ito'16p (A. R.), o'k wito'lep na'kta iti', it is very dark, (ok = hok?), at the same time. te'n (I), te°, dusk {probably in the i-u(c), angry, wrathful, enraged; pi.

evening) ; Ak. tin, night. he'-u i'-uc. te'ns, te'ns (D-51), on evenings, i'-uc ha'xcin, don't become wrathful! evening, wi hitet i'-uc, mj' father is enraged, te"' wocwo'cin, t6m wocwo'cin, wi hitet he'-u i'-uc, my fathers are screech owl, "evening screecher." enraged, tin-idl [tin-idle], the moon, "night iwa'l, shell (when open) (a closed light" (Ak.). shell = uk) wi nta'ku(?) a"' lak it'hi, I went out iwa'lkin, among the shells (D-135). of prison in the evening ("je suis iwan, to move, to vibrate (cf. wafi). sorti de la prison le soir"). hatsiwa'nic(o), I am wriggling, wi te'iis a°la'kin ita'hu, I left the itsiwan, vertigo, dizziness, prison in the evening, itiwa'net, itiwa'nat, a little dizzy, yu'kit a'n iti' yi'lckit, our house is ne iwa'fic, earthquake, lighted up at night. wi a'n iwa'nico, I move the ears, wi tsiwa'nic(o), I am moving, I am ten ett, the night is dark (E. D.). stirring. tegg idlect hannigg, a month (E. D.). iwef, hiwev, to measure. itol, itul, to arrange, prepare, put, hiwe'vc tanu'k, one mile (D-13S). place (cf. iwil). ive'vc himato'l (h)atka'ki, four hours a'n-idso'n oto'lco 'nke'tne, I have ago. ready a room for you to stay in kaka'-u iwe'ucne, clock, "to measure (oto'lco probably a mishearing of the sun." ito'lco) (D-42). hitu'lto, I put into, kaka'-u iwe'vc, watch, huke't haki't u'ts cakito'lcenct, the kaka'-u iwe'vc pa'c, watch cover, mothers put their noses in order ne i'wevc tanu'k, a mile square, "one (1^38, 39). land measure." ica't ito'lc, to prepare, fix (or flatten) wi hitet ha' ne ive'vcat, my fatlier the head, has measured his land.

kidsonc hi'tutan(?) hedskit, the fire iwe-u, iwef, to mock, to imitate. is increasing (perhaps hi'tutan iwe'v' cakyu'lc, portrait, picture, should be hitulnan), "something drawn like" (I, D). kidco'ilckin hitu'tnS (for hitu'ltni), kakau' iwe'-ucne, a clock, "to mock something for me to put into the fire, the sun" (this may not have been cukituliana, cukitu'lian&°, table, "for the exact word employed but, if arranging things." not, it was nearly the same).

ti duimoc ito'lc, titfi himo'ct itolc, to na iwe'-uckinto, I am mocking you, prepare for burial, I am going to make fun of you wi himo'c hito'lco, I prepare for burial, (A. R.). wi itu'l, I put, I place. wic iwe'-uco, I mock (D). wi pam eto'lco {or hito'lco), I have iwil, to put in order (perhaps the plural beaten and shaped, prepared, fixed, of itol) or arranged, ahena'ka u'ts cakiwi'lSnst, they put wi ca itu'lo tsanu'k o'ts, I put some- their noses in order in the same body on a horse, way (L-39). ya' cu'l ha' a'n ito'lco, ya' cu'l a'n itiyi'lc tanu'k cakiwi'lSnst, they ar- ito'lco, I fix the ears of that dog. ranged one month (Lr-40). . ,

aATSOHET] SWANTONj DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 55 iye' (D-72), iyi, heyi, he-e, hehe, to ya' j'u'ds iye' ta°', he outgrows the rise, to grow, more, also sometimes other. equivalent to the comparative j^uki't iyi' ya' puhitse'cts6l, we rose ending -er. and jumped over. he-e'ckit mon, every morning (I) ka, to make, to do (D-85). he-e' eta, morning ("le grand matin ") hiku' hika', I make soup. dawn, hiku' ti'k ika ko, I want to go to hiye'kiti (Lr-13; D-29, 30), heyi'kiti make some soup ("je voudrais (perhaps originally he-yu'kiti or aller faire du bouillon") (ti'k heyi-yu'kiti), Eastern Atakapa (pos- ika, "to go to make" ("aller pour sibly including the Opelousa). faire")). hi'yikpu, hi'yikptim, to jump, "to hiku' (ti-u) icka ko', we want to rise and jump" (cf. pux). make soup. hiyita'nto, I stand, hiku' wi nuk tik ika ko', I want to go hiyita'to, I will stand, to make soup myself. itse hehe', top of the head, imo'c mak ma'n ka', (they) made iye' hidso''' it, he is smaller, a long grave mound (D-139).

kakhau' ewat, the sun rises, inlo'hi {or nlo'-i (L)), coka'kinto, I kakhau' hiye'kiti, at the rising sun. help you working. kakau' iya'-uts, sunrise (I). inlo'hi {or nlo'-i) coka'kinto, I help kakau' iye'tskat, the sun rose, you work.

kakau' iye'tskit, the sun rises, iya'nSk mon 'nka'ne, that is all for kakau' iye'tsne u't, toward sunrise you to do (D-60). (iyi + its) (D-31). ka'-at, he had done (D-119). kima'tkin ko°'yiya'-u, I lift (a stick) ka'-ico ca'kko'mc ka'-u o'kotka-uc, by the middle part, I mend a shirt. ku'ts oki'-ya'-u, a red flag, kane', what has to be made. mon hiyitsot, many are standing, kapi' ka'n, to make coffee. ne'e na tanu'k ko°' iya'-u, you lift a ka'-ulat, they did. stick at one end. ka'-ul6n, when they became (D-112.) cokiya'-i, high, ahead of thern (L-11). kidco'nc npu'ns6n la'-u ka', blowing

tsanu'k la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye' the fire starts it.

lak, the horse is going on ahead of ko'mcka'-u, I make somebody hang the dog. up; pi. of obj. ca'kko'mc ka'-u. tsanu'k cu'l o't iye' la'k patna'-u, kul ka', kul ka'n, already made. the horse runs swifter than the ku'tsnSn ka, making a knife. dog. kuyak'ho' caka'tsgl, we made sau- tsanu'kc me'ts i'ti cu'lut iye' mets, sages. the horse is taller than the dog. lakla'kc ko'pik ka, made of silver tsanu'k (c) cu'l o't iye' mets, the horse (D-133, 134). is taller than the dog. lu' itka a'mcne, a pottery cup. tu'l ta'yut {or ta'-i o't) iye' ka'c, mi'lc kco' yi'l mail coka'xko, though the lake is deeper than the river, he is blind he works all day; 3d tul te'-u iye' edso°', a smaller lake person -kit. than End Lake. ne'e a'n hika, I make soap ("stick- tu'ts tanu'kip, (I stand) on one leg. grease"). wi iya'wo, I hoist, nee ail hikata, I am going to make wi iyi, I get up, I rise, soap. j-a'hidso"' hiye' ta°', ya'hidso"' yi5'e' ne'e coxkita'-uue ka'-u, I erect a ta°, he becomes smaller than the scaffold. other, nka'kit, you are doing. ya' ki'c cokci'u tane'-uca'k iya'-i, nua'jH ka', coxka' cakwa'c, I com- this woman is the stingiest of all. mand you to do this. j'a' tsi'k o't cakiye' lak, he is the nu'l ka'tin, laying (a foundation) stronger of the two. and making (D-136). . .

56 BUEEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

o'ki ka'n (I), o'ki ka, canvas wic ka'-o, wi ka'-u, I do something, ("toile"), "made of cloth." ka, that which. pu'm ka'-ulat, they held (or made) nakit tsanu'k cakwinetgm nak caka'x- a dance (D-141). lecat ka', did you find your pu'ns'n ka'-u, I make somebody horses which you lost? (D-58). blow (L). ka, ca cok'he'c hiwe'-u ka'-ul6n, when ha'tkanin, pillow, cushion (probably someone became very sick. contains instrumental sufl5x-nS,° caka', she made them (D-78). and reflexive prefix hat-; cf. ke, cakua' cuka', coxka' cakwa'c, I com- to sit), mand them to do this. ha'tkanan ka'-uc, (h)atkane' ka'- coka' hiwe'-u, doing much work, in- ucne, pillowcase, dustrious (D-75). kahiya', cok'hatse-e'c caka', to bewitch, "to itiyilc petst kahiya (or kawia (L) (see do bad things to them." kaki and ka)), last month, cok 'nka' a, what is the matter with wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat tik'hu', you? I went to the place where they co'k wanka na'xn, or co'k wan ka had killed an ox (kahiyat, place), na'xn, what are you doing? ka'-i, then (D-122). cok wacwacin ku'ltan a'-ulat, things ka-i(P) (perhaps from ka, to make). they did long ago (D-85). ka'-ico o'kotka-uc, I mend a shirt. co'xkai hiwe'-u, coka' hiwe'n (A. R.) kaihi, kai-i, industrious, "doing much," "work- hatkai'hicne, suspenders (D and A.

ing much." R.) ; hook and eye (" crochets ") (L) coxka'k lo'-ico icak, I help somebody na'-u koko'p katka'yicne, garter,

working. til atkai-icne, belt, strap for girding coxk hatka'xk, dress (D-128). oneself, cuxka' atse-e'c, they are all bad, kak, crow, and raven; E. D., kahagg. "doing things bad." kak, forest, woods; E. D. kagg, wood, cuxka'xkinto, I am going to work. tree ("bois").

cuxka'xho, I work. kak hidsom, woody island (if small) to'l ka, well done (from to'l kav?). ("ile de bois"). to'l-n ka'-u, I make good (or well). kakin ti'cta, I go to the woods, tu'ik ka', made of cane (D-128). ka'kip, in the woods, tu'l ka'kit, he lives well (or with com- ka'kip hiye'n, ka'kip iye'n, ka'kip fort), "he does well." hi'yen (I), opossum, "wood rat," wa'-aju ka', coxka' ha'wac, I com- "hog in the woods"; E. D., kag- mand him to do this. wan [caghuann] (C), kaghikann wi ko'mok ka'-u, I make a basket [caghicann] (P). (D);pl., caka'-u. kako'k, ka'kok, fence ("barriere"). wi na'-u hika', I make shoes, I am a ka'kok a'nkat, fence gate, shoemaker. kako'k tim, yard, court, garden, wi co' pa'kc hika', I have palpitation "picket-fence." of the heart. nec-tamc ka'kok, rail fence, wi cukwa'k ka', I make bread. cu'l puxini'kat kako'ki(n), the dog wi tsafic ka'-u, I make him push. jumped through the fence, wi tso'-ots (h)a'tkane(?), I mill cu'l puxitse'cSt kako'k, the dog cornmeal into flour, it is to make jumped over the fence, cornmeal. te'xlk-kako'k ti'mkin, rose "flower wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, T in the garden." put the box on the chair. kakau' (A. R.), kau'kau (I), kaukau' (I, wi to'lka-u, I cure. 1^19, D-SO, 107), water, rain; E. D. wi'c hehatka'-u, I hurt myself. kaukau [kakaou] (C), rain, brook;

wic ika'o, I have done it(?) E. D. ak, water (cf . ak, liquid) ; Ak. .

GATSCHET] SWANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 57

kako [cacaux], water, koko [co- kaukau'kin, in the water, into the cau], sea. water (D-147). aktsa'-u kaukau', clear water. kaukau'kit, it rains, Anacoco prairie (name perhaps con- kaukau' kombnst [caiacau combnst], tains kaukau). the rain is heavy (E. D.). ayi'l kaukau'kit he'yilakc, it is now kaukau' ko'mi, the rain is heavy, raining {or misting) and I am kaukau' ku'ts, red water, red wine, tired of it ("aujourd'hui qa, bru- claret, masse, je n'aime pas cela" or "je kaukau' ku'ts a'mka-u, wine drunk, suis lasse de cela"). kau'kau makau', the water falls (over himi'c kau'kau, give me water! a dam, etc.). hiwe'-uka kaukau'kit, hiwe'-u kaukau'kau mel, the water is black, kau'kit, it rains hard. kau'kau me'lct, kaukau' me'lc, the Jack kaukau' o'k a'mkit. Jack kau- water is blackened, kau' o'k a'm'ne, Jack comes here kau'kau nal, the water is shallow for drinking water. ("basse"). ka'n hemi'ci kau'kau, you should kaukau' na'l ici'ho, I cross the low give me water (kan="devrais"). water, kaukau' a'knak, kaukau' tsat, run- kaukau' na pi'xka, are you thirsty? ning water. kau'kau na'-uthe (or na'-u'ne), rain- kau'kau aktsa'-u, aktsa'-uc kau'kau, water tub, "to keep water in."

the water is cold, clear, trans- kau'kau nep, the water is low. parent ("I'eau est froide"), the kau'kau nke'a, you have water (to water is settled. drink) kaukau' a'mne, drinking water. kaukau' o'npats, kau'kau onpa'ts, kaukau' S'mto, I am going to drink "sour water," vinegar, root beer, water. kaukau' o'ts, on the water (I). kau'kau en, e'nc kaukau', greasy kau'kau otse', water snake (I). water. kau'kau o'tsep, the water is high and kau'kau enct, kaukau' enc, the water deep, is greasy. kaukau' tsad, the water runs,

kau'kau ha", there is no water. kau'kau tsa'ktsit, the water is falling, kaukau' hatpa'u. the water eddies. the water is getting low, or dried kaukau' hi, kau'kau he', salt water, up ("I'eau baisse"). "bitter water." kau'kau tsa'xkit, kau'kau tsa'kit kaukau' hika'-u, I am thirsty. (ibid.), kaukau' hika'-u ha', I am not thirsty. kaukau' ta'-u ini'xkit, the water kaukau' hikl'kcne, gutter, ditch, comes in. ("conduit d'eau"), to irrigate. kaukau' ta-ulo'kit, the water boils kau'kau hima', eau de cologne, standing, "fragrant water." kaukau' tehu'p, a well, kaukau' hu'i, under the water (I). kau'kau tlo'kc, the water is muddy kau'kau iki'k, iki'k kau'kau, dripping ("brouillee"), muddy water, water, leaking water. kaukau' tlo'kc u'c, the water is too kau'kau iki'kit, water is dripping. dirty,

kaukau' iki'kna, eaves, "for the kaukau' u'c tsa't, the water is water drippings." running,

kau'kau ka'c, the water is high and kaukau' u'c tlo'kc, the water is deep, high water, high tide. muddy ("brouillee"). kaukau' ka'c ici'xkinto, I cross the kokan, a kokan, the ocean (A. R.). high water. na tik tat kaukau'kin, you go and kaukau'ke, it is raining (probably stand in the water! or you are should be kaukau' ket). standing in the water. . .

58 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

nal kaukau', shallow water. kakau' iwe'-ucne, a clock, "to mock nep kaukau', low water. the sun" (this may not be the ne'e kaukau' otse' po'lc-wa'nkit, exact word used but it is very wood floats in the water (I). near it), pern kaukau' hu'i ko'hitsat, a gun kakau' iwe'vc, watch (L-13). sinks in the water (I). kakau' iwe'vc pa'c, cover of watch, ciko'm kaukau' cokmi'co, I give the kakau' iya'-uts, sunrise, cattle to drink, kakau' iye'tskat, the sun rose, cict kaukau' ha'n, the pitcher is kakau' iye'tskit, the sun rises, empty of water, kakau' ko'hets, sunset, "the sun is cict kaukau' pu'k, the pitcher is full going down." of water, kakau' ko'tskitn, kakau' ko'hitskin,

•cu'l kau'kau a'mgt, a dog lapped after sundown, water, kokau' yi'l, the sun shines. ta'-u-iki'kit kau'kau, water dripping, kaki (cf. ka and kahiya). the water is standing and dripping, hina'ka ilu' wocpe' la't atka'ki, about tempst kaukauheu [tempst caucau- thirty years ago (D-96). heu], the spring is rainy (E. D.). (h)i-u'xts atka'ki, ever since I knew ti'k kaukau'kin po'lc-wa'nkit, an her (D-74). arrow floats in the water (I) ilu' himato'l (h)atkaki, four years ago ti-u kaukau' kit, it rains hard, (used of years, days, and hours), ti'uxts kaukau' kit, it drizzles, it ilu' wocpe' ha'l imato'l (h)atka'ki, rains gently, fourteen years ago (D-87). tu' kaukau' hu'i ko'hits, the boat ive'vc himato'l (h)atkaki, four years sinks to the bottom, ago. wai' kaukau' hu'i ko'hitsat, a stone ka'-u atka'ki, since his death sinks in the water (I) (I>-123). wi a"' kaukau'kin, my house is in kal, cane mats ("tapis de canne") (?). the water. kalla [calla], new (E. D.) (cf. II). wi kau'kau ha"' (D), wi kau'kau Kalna'-u, name of an Atakapa man; iha'c, I got no water. (na'-u, bristle, hair). wic kaukau' e'nc, I grease the water, katn [cam], fire (the Hiyekiti or East- wic kaukau' me'lc, I blacken the water, ern Atakapa (and perhaps Ope- wic kaukau' me'lckinto, I will lousa) equivalent for kidso'nc). blacken the water, kam hamic [cam hamish], give me yuki't kaukau'ki" tso'-ons6l {or tso'- fire! (E. D.). onts61), we stand in the water. kam, to scratch. ka'khau (A. R.), ka'kau, kakau' hatka'mcat, I scratched myself, (I>-31), kaukau' (1^13), koka'-u, ci'won ha ka'mc6t, the cat scratched sun; E. D. nagg; Ak. ic [iche]. him. ka'kau hidso'm, star, "little sun" ci'won hika'mcSt, the cat scratched (I); E. D. ic [ish]. me. kakau' hidso'm he'-u cak'hu'o, I see ci'won icka'mc6t {also iccak'ka'm- many stars, cSt(?)), the cat scratched us. kakau' ilu', the sun is hot. ci'won nakka'mcS,t {also nakcak'- kakau' itsi'(k) iwat, the sun rises, ka'mcat), the cat scratched us. kakau' itsi'xne o'l, the sun is on the ci'won 'nka'mcgt, the cat scratched point of culminating, the sun will you (sine.). soon culminate. ci'won cak'ka'mcSt, the cat scratched kakau' itsi'xt, it is noon, it is midday them, ("ilestmidi"). wi'c ka'mco, I scrape (with knife, kakau' ita'ns utska'-ucat, kakau' etc.). ita'ns utskau'c6t, the sun is clouded yuki't to okatka'mckitnto, we scratch over, clouds cover the sun. each other. .

QATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 59 kam, to stand out, to protrude. kapi' lilina, coflfee mill ("moulin de ha'l kamka'm, "standing out from caf6"). back," dorsal fin(s) (I). kapi' ots, coflfee grains, i'tsk kamka'm, breast fin(s), "stand- kapi' ya'mc(o), to pick up coflfee ing out from breast" (I). grains. ko'm kamka'm, "standing out from kapo', cup. belly," central fin(s) (I). kapo' a'mcnen, a cup for drinking, ne'c-teka'mc kamka'mc, the limbs kac, high water, deep. stand out from (the tree). Jean Ka'ca, (perhaps contains this ne'c-wi'l ka'mkamc, the roots stand stem), the name of an Atakapa out from (the tree). who formerly lived near Westlake no'k ha'l, te'-u kamka'm, tail fin(s) sawmill, (I), kaukau' k3,'c, the water is high and no'k kam, noka'm, shark, "fin deep, high water or high tide, stands out"; no'k kamka'm, fins. kaukau' ka'c ici'xkinto, I am going to kams [cams], Akokisa word for the cross at high water, genital organs (cf. toto'c). kaukau' ka'cik, high water (D-107). jakoms [jacoms], the Akokisa word kaukau' ka'ckin, in the rising water for the testicles, probably com- (A.R), in a swelling of the sea pounded of ca, "person," which (D-30). designates most often a masculine tu'l ka'c, a deep lake, person, and kams, "genital or- tu'l ka'ckit, tu'l kacet (I), it is flood gans." tide, kamtsi'c, a fly said to eat mosquitoes, tu'l ta'yut (or ta'-i o't) iye' ka'c, the probably the dragon fly. lake is deeper than the river, kan, to sound, to roar. kats, ka'nkit, it is sounding or it roars, ka'tskats, polished, smooth, sleek, pe'l kankit lo'hlonc, pel lo'iiloiic na'-u katska'ts, slippers, ka'nkit, it thunders at a distance, ne'e katska'tsicne, plane ("rabot").

co'k ka'nkit, something is roaring. ne'e ke'-ukatskatsicnto, I plane oflf kafl, should, ought ("devrais") (?). while sitting. ka'n hemi'ci kau'kau, you should kats, give me water. al kats, scab (on a sore) kail [kang], wind, air (E. D.). ka'tse (D.), katsal (A. R.), ugly; pi. kan tsamps [kang tsamps], the air katska'tse. is cold or chilly, the wind is cold ki'ka ka'tse! how ugly he is!

(E. D.). ("comme il est vilain!"). ka'ncinkc (I), kan ci'nkc, or ga'fl kat (I, D-144), mouth, and jaw; E. D. ci'nkc, live oak. katt, kat; Ak. kat [cat] (cf. aii). ka'ncinkc nee, live oak tree, a°'kat, a'nkat, door, "house mouth." ka'ntsa'-u, hoe. a°kat mok, window, "short door" kap, (I) pi. a'nkat mokmok. ; kapkapst, thunder (E. D.). a'nkat mo'k pa°'hico, I close the kapkapst maghasu (E. D.), "the window, thunder is loud or strong." a'nkat mo'k cakpa'xnico, I close the kapi', coffee. windows, kapi' ha'n, there is no coffee. a'nkat mo'k utsu'tska, pointed win- kapi' itsa'-i, to parch coffee ("gril- dows, ler du caf^"). a'nkat mo'kin na'yu (or ne'-u), I put kapi' itsa'-ine, parching pan for them in the window, coffee, a'nka't pa'-ic, an open door (D-123). kapi' ka'n, to make coflfee. a"'katpa°s, window, "house mouth

kapi' li'li, to grind coffee. that shuts." 66784—32 5 .

60 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ka't hatsa'kco, I gargle, "I wash the capix, "the dead" ("les morts"), mouth." an archaic term for the white kat'ho'pc, kat'ho'pc (L-8), pond people, lily, "hollow mouth." i'cak ku'ltan ka'-u, a man a long ka't kec o, rope of horsehair used in time dead, bridles ("cabresse"). itiyi'lc pe'tst kahiya', itiyi'lc pe'tst ka't na'-u, katna'-u (L-24), beard, kawia, last month, moustache, "mouth wool." ka'-u ha'xc ta'n, before he died kat na'-u hatla'cna (I), katnau' (D-106). hatla'cne, razor, "beard shaver." ka'-u-ha'n6t, she came near dying, kato', lip, "mouth edge"; E. D. kaukau' hika'-u, I am thirsty, "I kathoo. die of thirst," "I am near dying." kato' ko'tsk, a person with a harelip kaukau' hika'-u ha, I am not "cut lip "(I), thirsty, ka'tpic, crooked mouth ("qui a la ka'-ukin, after he died (D-lOO), bouche tourn6e en travers"). after death (D-118, 120). kat-tu'ts, a kiss, "a mouth suck." ka'-u ne'e caxkita'-une, scaffold for ka't u'ts, bill of bird (L). the dead (I), ko'dsnSn kat kec, kat ke'c, bridle, ka'wat, she died, he died (D-87, 88, "iron put in mouth." 91, 96, 105). pern katsi'k, pem ka't tsik, a double- ka'wSt, he is dead, he died ("il est barreled gun, "a gun with two mort") (D-54). mouths." ki'c ikunyu'ds ka'-u, the corpse of a tsi't katke'mic, give me a chew of girl (I),

tobacco! ("donne un chew to- kic ka'-u, a dead woman (I), bacco!"), kitsak ka'-u, inebriated, "whisky wi kato' ne, my lower lip, my under dead" (D-79). lip. kucme'l 'n cako o'kgt, there are a wi kato' o'dsi, my upper lip. negro and a white man coming wic ka't-to'ts(o), I kiss, "I mouth (given by Teet Verdine), suck." 'nka'-utikit, you are going to die ka'tkoc, eagle; E. D. katkoc [catcosh] ("tu vas mourir"). (P), katkuc [catcuc] (C) (cf. ktlts, nlln-u'cip coko'-i {or co'xko-i) kitsa'k to cut off—G). a'm-ka'wSt, the village judge was Ka'tkac-yo'k ta'-i, Calcasieu River dead drunk, (I). olhika'-u, I am hungry, "I die of Ka'tkociok, name of a chief from hunger." whom Calcasieu River received olhika'-u ha', I am- not hungry, its name, sig. "Crying-eagle." caka'u, dead and brought to life Lo Lacasine was his grandfather again ("mort et ressuscite ") or great grandfather. (See yok.) caka'-u ko'-i u'yts, those who know ka'tkoc ko'-ikit, the eagle is scream- how to speak the language of the ing (I). dead, or the language of the katpa'k, trout; (pi.) katpa' (D-50) whites, (kat, mouth (?)). coxko'-i wa'ci ka'w6t, the old chief katt, mountain (E. D.). died, ka-u, to die, when dead (L-25, 32; wi hika'w6t, I am drunk; also I was D-54, 131, 138), death (D-123), dead, the dead (r)-126); E. D. kaau wi ka'-u, I am dead, [kaaou], hau, death (?). wi no'mc kSwe't, my child is dead, hika'u-, I die. ka-u, to cover, to put into,

ikunyu'ds ka'-u, corpse of a boy (I), en ka'-une ci'jft, grease jar. icak ka'-u, a dead man; pi. icak ha'tkanSn ka'-uc, (h) atkane' ka'-ucne, capi'xk, icak capi'xt (I), icak piUowcase. . . .

GATSCnET] 8WANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 61

hatutska'-ucne, veil over the face at ka-u, to prick. birth, caul, tolho'pcik hiatka'-ucat, tolho'pc it'ha'ns utskau'ckit, a cloud is going ikika'wet, I ran a needle into my over (the sun), skin.

it utska'-uc, face covering (D-120). tolo'pcik hatka'-uco, tolo'pc itkatka'- it utska'-uculat, they covered his wico, I pricked myself with a face (D-120). needle, kakau' ita'ns utska'-ucat, kakau' wic hehatka'-u, I pricked myself. ita'ns utskau'cgt, the sun is clouded ka-u(c), to comb. over, a cloud is going over the sun. hatka'-ucnS,, for combing (oneself or ka'-unen, ka'-unSn, ka'-une, sack, others) bag, sheath, case, ka-ucna', ka'-ucne, (I) comb, kelakwa'ts ka'-uc, stopper of bottle, wihatka'uco, I comb myself (icat, cork of bottle, head, may be supplied), kelakwa'ts ka'-uc maka'w6t, the wi no'mc ka'-uco, I combed my child, cork has fallen down, wi ka'-ucne pa'l'u, I break a comb, ne-cic ka'-une, salt-cellar, "to put wi ka'-ucne pa'lpal'u, I break a salt in." comb in different places, okotka'-uc, shirt, ka'-uc, ka'vc, handle ("manche"). okotka'-uc (i)nte' tsiixl (or tsul), ka-uc, shirt collar, hika'-uckin, on getting through okotka'-uc ma'n ko'm-tat, an over- (speaking) (D-143). coat hung up, an overcoat hanging ke, to sit (always with affixes, and anim. up (lit. standing erect), and inanim.); pi. nul. te'yux kolilawina (or kololaka'-unS,), a'tnaxka ma'n ket 'nu'xts a, how match box. long can you stay? (D-44). tik-cakxa'-une, quiver (D-131). eiku'n ke'-uhatla'cnto, I am just oko'tka-uc man no'k, coat sleeve, shaving myself seated (I) wi' okotka'-uc ma'fi ko'mna-u, I eiku'n (or eku'n) ke-ucukia'kinto, I hang up an overcoat; pi. of obj. begin eating sitting, cak'komna'-u. leak ke'-uwa'lcnto, I fan a man who ka-u, to fly. is sitting, he'-u cakcu'c ka'-u ti'utit, many icak tanu'k ke-ula'cnto, I shave birds fly. another seated, itsktfitat ka'-utskit, the meadow-lark icak tu'ket, a man in a boat seated, is flying (I), icka', we sit (according to Teet it'ha'ns ka'-u ko'mi, the cloud is Verdine) heavy or "the flying cloud is John ha' kSn ket, John remains at heavy." home, it'ha'ns ka'-u la'k, the clouds go by ka'-anto, ka'nto, ket'nto, I am fast, the fast flying clouds, seated, ita'ns-ka'-uc, it'hans ka'-uc (I), hav- ka'hune, a seat. ing flying clouds, kece'c ke'-ucakwa'lcnto, I fan many ka'-uts, to fly. girls sitting, ka'-utskit, it is flying, ket, seated ("assis"). noka-une', wing (of bird), "arm for ket hia'uc hu'nS, I have no time to flying." see him as I sit. cakcu'c ka'-u-tsa't, the bird flies, ke'tne, to remain (D-110). "the bird goes flying." ke-u, when sitting, cukco'c a"' o'tse ka'-uts, the bird ke'-uhatua'lcnto, I sit fanning my- flies over the house. self, ka-u, to awake. ke'-uka'mckintu, I am seated pad- hika'-untet yi'l tu'tan, I awoke in dling, the morning ("je me r^veillai le ke'-uki'nkckinto, I will sit sawing matin"). wood by hand. 62 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ke'-uko'-ikinto, I speak sitting. cukite'-u ka'-une ket'n, I sit down in ke-uko'tskinto, I cut into while sit- a chair (L) (?). ting. cukite'-uka'wine hatwilwi'lcnS,, rock- ke'-upi'cinto, I twist, I contort as I ing chair, sit. te'xlk ket, bud opened out into a

ke'-upickinto, I sit twisting it (?). flower (?), "bud sitting."

ke'-ucakia'mkinto, I sit telling lies, I ti'uxts ket ia'-uc, I can not keep still, lie. I am restless. ke'-ucokcaktsa.'ncto, I sit stealing, I wi ke'-u-hoka'kinto, I am weaving steal. sitting (I). ke-u (or ge-u) cukia'kinto, I am going wi ke'-uokcoka'kinto, I sit weaving to eat sitting. many things. ke'-ucuxkinto na'kc ke-uciu'lkinto, I wi ke'-ucaktsipa'xckinto, I glue smoke while writing. pi. objs. as I sit. ke-utsipa'xckinto, I glue something wi' ke'-ucokiulcnto (D), wi'c ke'- while sitting ("coller"). ucokiu'lcnto, I am going to work ke'-uyi'nts, I wrap up as I sit (ke'- sitting. uyu'lcxu'kinto, I am drawing a wi ke'-ucukiu'lkinto, I am writing design seated. seated, kic kunyu'ts ke'-uwa'lcnto, I fan a wi ke'-ucukci'kinto, I am sitting girl sitting. sewing (I), ko'-i hatwicka'x ket, ko'-i hatwi ke'-ucukcokci'kinto, I sew many wicka'xc ket, a person that forgets things,

he sits down from his talking, i. e., wi ke'-utsipaxckinto, I am gluing a person who talks too much. as I sit (I). ne'e hidso'm ke'-ucaku'dskit, I whit- wi nuk ke'to, I stay by myself, tle on many sticks. wi nuk ketu'?ts61, we stay by our- ne'e hidso'n ke'-uku'tskit (or ke'-u selves, ku' dskit), I whittle off from a stick. wi n

ya pe'ket, ya pel ket, that one sitting lakla'xc hatna' nke' a, how much far off. money have you? ya' pel ket, ya' pe'ket, that one na e'fike, you have a name, (further off), that one far sitting, na'ke, you have, you possess. ya'n ke'tntat, she lived there (D-72). nee &n hike, I have soap, yots kanto, to squat, cake' at {for cak'ke'at), they {or he) yuki'ti nu'nkin ke't'ntat, she lived had them (L-10, D-137). in the Indian village (D-71). cakio'l cukoke', cakio'l-cuk'hatke', ke, ke, to have, to possess, to own; ca'kiol cuko'ke (I), pants, "male E. D. kaor ko(?), ke. dress." ha'ke, he has, he possesses, Canai'ke {abbr. from Cuknai'ke), the ha ku'tsnSn ke', he has a knife, name of an Atakapa man and hi'ke, hike', I have, I possess. signifying "having ducks." icak a'n he'-u ke, men having many co'k nke'a na komho'pcki, what have houses, you in your pocket? icak a'n ket {or ke), a man having a cok'hec oktanu'k coka'-at, she had house, or a man in the house, the same disease (D-92). icak hila'-i ke', icak hila'-ige, a cokiu'lc hike'-at ayi'l, I have received married man, "a man having a a letter this day. wife." coxto'l he'-u wic ke', I have much icak hila'-i tsik ke'-6n hatse'-ec, luck, when a man had two wives it was coxto'l icke'tne, we have luck (D-52). bad (1^17). cukutke', cukotke', cuka'tke, cux'- i'cak hila'-i tanu'k ke'at, a man had hatke', coxk-hatkaxk, female only one wife (L-16). dress or robe, "something she has." icak hiwe'-u ke, a man having power, tu' hopke', the boat is leaking, "the i'cak coxke, a rich man, "a man boat has a hole." having things." tu' cl'l ok'hia' ke, the schooner has a ica't to'l ke, having a good head sail, ("bonne tete ayant"). wo'c ha'tke, wo'c atke', finger ring, kau'kau nke'a, you have water to "having on one's finger." drink, wo'c ke, finger ring (D-127). ke'at, he had (D-55, 80, 97, 99). ya' ki'c tsi'kxo' ke'at {or cakke'at), ke'ne, having (D-63). this woman had twins, ki'c no'mc ke'at i'ti ilu', this woman ya' cu'l ha'kit kin, that dog is theirs, had a child last year, ya' cu'l ha'kit kinat, that dog was kic cukutke, women's dress, gown theirs, (I). ya' cu'l ha'kit kifitikit, that dog will ki'wilc ke, a tlave, "he has a master." be theirs, koyi'u hiwe'-u ke'at, he had a bad ya' cu'l ha'kit cakifi, these dogs are cold. theirs, ya' cu'l na' ki'ii, that dog is yours; kutsna'n hike' (or hike), I have a pi. of obj. yuki't cakin (L). knife (past, hike'at; fut. sing., ya' cu'l wi' ki'n, that dog belongs to hike'tikit). me, that dog is mine, ku'tsna(n) nke'a {or nake'a), you ya' cu'l wi' caki'fi, these dogs belong (pi.) have a knife, to me, these dogs are mine, ha ku'tsna'n ke' {or ke), he has a yuk'hi'ti mon coxki'ti cake'at, the knife. Indians had many chiefs. ku'tsnS.(n) icke' {or icke'), we have a knife. wen khallap-hake [uen-khallap hac- ku'tsna(n) ke'a {or ke'a), they have qu6], I would have a horse a knife. ("j'aurais") (E. D.)......

64 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wen komb (uen comb) , I have a horse hike'mc ko, I would wish to row ("je

(E. D.). voudrais ramer " )

wen komb-hake' (uen comb hacqu^), ke'mc hi-a'-uc6n ika'-uts'n, if I had I had a horse (E. D.). not known how to row he would -ke, ki, in, to put in, at. have drowned, akipa'-ike icak, a southern man, "a ke'-u ki'mckintu, I am paddling {or man in the south." rowing) seated, haco kotke' ho'p paiha'l, his pants nke'mc ko, you would wish to row have holes in them behind ("les ("tu voudrais ramer.") pantalons sont fendus par der- tu' ke'mcne (L), tu'-ke'mc (D-47). riere"). rowboat. ha'tke, a ring, "what is put on" (I). yuki't ickemc ko, we would wish to hiki'ke icak, a western man, "a man row ("nous voudrions ramer"). in the west." kec, hair ("cheveux"), Ak. equivalent

ho'lcike icak, a northern man, "a of tec (q. v.). man in the north." kets, to break (E. D.) (cf. kAts). hu'i hatke', petticoat, kets {or kots),

icak aii ket {or ke) , man in the house, ic5k woe ke'tsti, a left-handed man. or man having a house, ke'tsti, ka'tsti, left (hand) kat ke'c, bridle (I), no'k ko'tsti, left arm (I) ka't kec o, a rope of horsehair made no'k cuk ko'tsti, left elbow (I) into a bridle (" cabresse ") wo'c ke'ts, the left hand, kaukau'kin, in the water, kets, kets, lame. ki'c cukutke', ki'c cuka'tke, a wom- leak tu'ts tanu'k ke'ts6m {or ke'tsep) an's dress. man lame in one leg. ko'dsnSn ka ke'c, a bridle, "iron put icak tu'ts tsi'k ke'tsep, a man lame in mouth." in both legs. lo'xki, in the prairie, ketsk (A. R.), ke'ts, kets (I), liver, neckin, in the woods, khilkau [khilcau], flying squirrel cakiol-hu'i hatke', drawers, (E. D.). cakiu'lc ke'co, I put a letter in, I post khicuc [khishoush], cedar (E. D.). a letter; pi. of obj. cakkeco. ki'ka, see! cukutke', cuka'tke, cu'k hatke' (I), ki'ka ka'tse, see how ugly he is!

dress, robe, ("comme il est vilain!"). ta'-i he'tsike, from the Mississippi kilet {see hile't). River, Kile't-kic (the name of Delilah's to'like icak, an eastern man, "a man mother) (D-62). from the east." kima'ti, middle, in the middle, inside wi kom-ho'pckin (h)atke'co, I put in ("milieu"), my pocket, a'n kima'ti, inside the house, indoors, wo'c ke', wo'c ha'tke, finger ring, "on an kima'tip, in the inside of their finger," or "finger in" (I), ears (L-14). kelakua'ts, kelokwa'ts, kelakwa'ts, iti kima't, midnight, bottle, kima't, kimat, beans, peas, "what is kglakuats ho'pc, the bottle is hollow, inside." kglakwa'ts ka'-uc, cork of a bottle, kima't ta'l, pod of bean or pea. kfilakwa'ts ka'-uc maka w6t, the cork kima'tkin ko"'hiya'-u, I lift (a stick) has fallen down, in the middle, kglokwa'ts tso't, many bottles stand. ne'e ta'l kima'ti, fiber bark, "inside kSlokwa'ts tat, a bottle standing, bark of tree." kem, kam, to row, to paddle. wai' kima'ti(p), inside of the stone hakl't nake'mc ko, they would wish (given erroneously as "outside.") to row ("ils voudraientramer"). wol kima'ti, eyebaU. . .

GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 65

wo'c kima'ti, wo'c kima'tip, middle kipa'xc, kipa'zci, across. finger, gipa'xci'ct pu'nso, I blow across.

wo'c kima'ti, palm of hand (?) (h)atkipaxci ite'wu, I ride with the wo'c kima'ti hidso"', ring finger, legs on one side (as women for- "little middle finger." merly did). kimi'n, kimi'n, breath, ki-ipaxctit yul, striped horizontally,

kimi'ne, windpipe (I). striped across. kipa'xci ta'-i pa'mici'ko, I ford a wi kiml'no, wi kimi'iiu, I breathe river on foot (kipa'jfci unnecessary (I). according to D). wic kimi'nkinto, I will breathe, ne'e ipa'xc (D-132), ne'cipajfc, sad- kin, to meet. dle, "wood across." ta'-i hukina'm, the forks of a river tsanu'kip hite'-u-ici'ko (or ite'w- (including the whole length) i'ciko) ta'-i kipa'xci (hite'wici'ko), ta'-i hukinu'l, the rivers meet each I ford a river on horseback. other, meeting place of rivers, fork ("fourche"). tinsta'l kipa'xcip pu'nso, I blow across the paper (said to be no ti-u-akna'kit tu'l hukinu'l, it flows meaning "through into the lake, word "(?)). yu'l ki'-ipaxc o't, striped horizontally wi kine'ko, wi kinu'lo, I meet some- ("en travers"). body (I met somebody?). kipa'dsu, gourd ("calebasse") (I, L). wi cakine'ko, wi cakinu'lo, I met them. kipa'dso coiico'nic, gourd rattle (I, L). kic (L-18; D-71, 81, 120, 141, 142), kiii, kin, keii, ken (meaning of stem unknown), woman, female; pi. kec (Lr-23; cukotki'nic, co'katke'nic, cokaki'nic, D-148) ; E. D. nikib [nickib], wo- blackberry, man, wife. cokake'nict, dewberry ("murier des a' (or ha') ki'c, this woman; pi. a' ronces"). ke'c. ke'c ko'pkop, old women. cokake'nict ll'l, co'katke'ngic lil, strawberry, "soft blackberry." ke'c cakcoke'c yo'xt wi ca'k'hinai, I are sick cukotki'nic S,'mne, or cukotki'nic think that many women plusieurs kits-ak, blackberry brandy, ("je crois que femmes kifl, sont malades"). Kile't-kic (Delilah Moss's aunt) ke'-u-ki'nckinto, I am going to saw wood sitting (by hand), (D-62). kinc, a saw, to saw. kice'c ke'-ucakwa'lcnto, I sit fanning many girls. ne'e ki'ncne, a small saw. ki'cec no'mc, little girls. ne'e kinc ta'mc, lumber mill, kic ha'-an, no women (I). ne'e kinc tame, a lumber mill, "house kic he'-u, many women (I). for sawing and splitting wood" ki'c (i)kunyu'ts, ki'c ickali't (I), girl; (D-135). pi. ke'cec. wi ki'ncu, I saw. kic iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf girl (I). kina'l, astride. ki'c ikunyu'ds ka'-u, the corpse of a kina'l ite'wo, I ride astride, girl (I). ki'ni, to whet, to sharpen. kic ikunyu'ds wa'ci, old maid (I). kudsn^'n ki'ni, to whet a knife, kic ipa'haxc (I, L), kic hipa'haxc, (ce) kudsni'n ki'nina°, a round whet- widow. stone (ce is unnecessary). kic ipa'ke (I), kic hipa'ke, a married ki'fizi, to iron. woman; pi. ke'c hipa'ke. ki'nxico o'kotka-uc, I have ironed a kic i'ckalit (L. D), ki'ckalit, little shirt, girl; pi. ki'cec no'uic and kec kali't okotko'mc (h)atki'nhico, I iron many (D). shirts. kic ko'p, old woman (L) . . .

66 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

kic ku'i ha'xc, a mute woman (I). tsanu'k kic makau'kit, the mare is ki'c kunyu'ts, girl, young lady; pi. foaling (expression for all quadru-

ke'cec. peds) .

kic kunyuts ke'-uwa'lcnto, I fan a girl. (t)Bi'dsi kic, female infant (I). kic ku'nyuds mi'lc, a blind girl (I) ta'-i ko'p ki'c, "White-river Wom- kic lat, three women (I). an," the name of Delilah's sister. kic mi'lc, a blind woman (I). ya' icak j^a ki'c kanyu'c yilwai'tikit, Kic-mok, Kicmo'k, "Short-woman," that man is going to marry that the Indian name of Ponponne, young woman.

Louison's mother (D-70). ya' kic, that woman; pi. j^a' ke'c; ki'c mo'kat hipa' we hio'l we, a dual ya' ke'c tslk. woman who has come with her ya ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut {or o't) husband and boy ("une femme yilke, that young woman marries qui est arrivee avec son mari et that man. gargon''). ya' ki'c cokci'u tane'-uca'k iya'-i,

kic mon, all women (I) this woman is the stingiest of all. ki'c na'-u, a woman's moccasins (I). j'a' ki'c tsl'kxo' ke'at {or cakke'at), kic no'mc he'-uc, a woman, who has this woman had twins. many children. yuk'hi'ti kic, an Indian woman. ki'c no'mc ke'-at i'ti ilu', this woman had a child last j'^ear. ha niki'il (C), ha nickib (P), his wife

ki'c 'nto'lfin na'xkan ti'c6n, if you (E. D.). are a smart woman you will not go wi nikiil [ouee nikiil] (C), ue nickib {or you would not go). (P), my wife (E. D.). ki'c coxko'ts, a tailoress. kica'n, kic cukutke, woman's dress, gown (I). wo'l kica'n, eyelid, eyelash.

kic tsen, a proud woman; pi. ki'c w5 1 kica n ne, lower eyelid (I).

tse'ntsefi. wo 1 kica fi o dsi, upper eyelid (I). kic tsik, two women (T). kicet (1^22), kic ta"', another woman (I). wi hickice't, wi ickice't, my sister kic ta'nuk, one woman (I) (said by a man), kic te'm yuk'hi'ti ko'-into, she spoke wic ila'ii wi ickice't o't, I am mourn- Atakapa A'esterday. ing for a sister. ki'c to'l, a good woman. kicil, Ki'c-tot, the Indian name of a daugh- hickici'l, ickici'l (D-83, 91, 97), her ter of Louison Huntington. daughter,

kic yi'15n yuk'hi'ti ko'-into, she will wi hickici'l, wi ickici'l, wi i'ckicil (I),. speak Atakapa to-morrow. wi ickici'l (I), my daughter. ki'c yo'n, a witch (form uncertain). kitsa'k (D-145), whisky (probably ki'c yuk'hi'ti ko'-i, she speaks Ata- from kitsonc, "fire," and ak,, "liquid"),

ki'c yu'ts, the will-o'-the-wisp, "eld- a' kitsak he u'c, this whisky is too est woman," also the name of strong. Gatschet's informant Louison a' kitsakc he', this whisky is strong Huntington (Note: the will-o'-the- icak kitsak a'm hite'-u, a whisky or wisp was supposed to call people brandy drinker,

to it, as believed by Europeans). kitsa'k a'mne to'l ha', the drinking Ki'ckitsa-u, "Dregs-woman," name of whisky is not good, of a daughter of Louison Hunt- kitsa'k atse-e'c a'mne, the drinking ington. of whisk}' is bad (a bad thing), ki'wilc kic, a French woman. kitsak he', lager beer, "bitter ku'c mel kic, a negress. whisky." no'hamc kic, a hen (I). kitsak ka'-u, inebriated, "whisky cuka'm kic, a female cook. dead" (D-79). SATSCHET] aWANTONj DICTIONAKY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 67

kitsak paihe-uc a'm6t, I made myself giwi'lc yil u-ev he'ts, giwi'lc yil drunk, "I drank too much hi-*ve'-u hets. New Year's Day, whisky." "great day of the French." niin-u'cip coko'-i (or co'xko-i) kits- ha kiwi'lc, he is master. a'k a'm-kaw6t, the village judge ilu' tsik wiic ki'wilc ipco'kg°ha°, I was drunk, will be a doctor in two years. cukotki'nic a'mne {or kitsak), black- icak he'-u ki'wilc ipco'xku'l, men who berry brandy, will be doctors. wi himaka'w6t kitsak i'mwanyg (or icak tanu' kip ki'wilc ipco'kat, a man a'mwan ya'), I fell because I was who once was a doctor. drunk ki'wilc i'pcok, a French doctor, a kitsa'-u, dregs, settlings. white physician. Kic-kitsa'-u, "Dregs-woman"; name ki'wilc ipco'kinto, I am doctoring. of a daughter of Louison Hunting- ki'wilc ke, a slave, "he has a master" ton; Creole name Clara, (I). kitso'nc, kidso'nc, ki'dconc, ki'djonc ki'wilc ki'c, a French woman. (A. R.),kidso'nkc, fire; E. D. kam ki'wilc ko'-i, the French language, [cam] (q. v.) the Creole language. kidso'nkc ipa'l, kidconc hipa'l (I), kiwi'lc nA'nki ica'kfit, I (or he) was fireplace, hearth ("foyer"), "near born in a village of whites. the fire." ki'wilc o'l, apple, "French persim- kidso'nkckin, in the fire (D-49). mon." kidso'mc, gidsomc, coals, gunpowder. ki'wilc ca'kiol, a Frenchman, a kidso"'hi'cne, poker (I), Creole. ki'dsonc he'ts lau'kit, the fire is kiwi'lc yuki'ti cako°'cul, the whites blazing, do not like savages. ki'dsonc hi'tutan he'dskit, ki'dsonc ya'c kiwi'lc, they are Frenchmen. i'tan he'dskit, the fire is increasing, ya'c kiwi'lc ha', they are not French- ki'dsonc mu'ksSt, ki'dsonc mu'kts6t, men. the fire is out. ya'c kiwi'lc ula' (or ulha'), are they ki'dsonc po'kit, ki'dsonc po', the fire not Frenchmen? smokes, ko, infant basket carried on back. kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin ko'mok (I), ko'-mo'k, basket, "short teho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a ko" (D-77). hole through my coat, ko'-mok man, long basket. kidco'nkckin hitu'tna (Jor hitu'ltni), ko'mok ya'-u cakina'-ucne, ko' mok something for me to put into the ya'-u cak'ha'ne, ko'mok i-a'u ca-

fire, firewood, kina'ucne (I), ko'mok i-a'u cak'- ki'dconc elu', the fire is hot. ha'ne (I), fish basket, "basket to kidco'nc npu'nsfn la'-u ka', blowing put fish into." the fire starts it burning, wi' coxko'-ikit, wi coxko'-i, I make po' kidso'nc, smoke of a fire. baskets. -kit, plural with pronouns, wi' ko'mok ka'-u, I make a basket. ha' kit nuk, thempelves. wi' ko'mok caka'-u, I make baskets. na'kit nuk, yourselves, co?ko'-i, basket, also to make baskets. yu'kit nuk, ourseH-es. ko, to wish, to want, to desire. kitu'c, gitu'c, to spit, spittle. a'l nko'xca, do you want meat? wik kitu'cu (A. R.), wi gitu'cu, wi ha tal ko'at, he wanted his skin. kitu'cu, I spit, haki't nake'mc ko, they would wish wi gitu'c, my spittle. to row ("ils voudraient ramer"). ki'wilc (Lr-3), kiwilc (L-34), kiwi'lc hike'mc ko, I would wish to row (D-92), French, Creole, White; ("je voudrais ramer"). also, master, boss (one used of the hiko'xca, I don't want it, master of a slave). hiku nko'xca, do you want soup? .

68 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (bull. 108

hiku'tik ikako', I wish to go to make wai' kaukau' hu'i kohitsS-t, a stone soup ("je voudrais aller faire du sinks in the water (I). bouillon"). ko-i, ku-i, throat, oesophagus, word, hiku' (ti-u) ickako', we want to make speech, language; E. D. koii, to soup, speak (see below); Ak. ko6 [co6], hin cokia'x koxc haxc, don't you neck. want to eat? ha' ko'-ita' o'kat, he comes for talking. hin cokia'x ko' xca, do you want to hica'k ko'-ika, one who has con- eat? sumption; also mumps. hickokia'x koxca', I don't want to icak ku'ihaxc, a mute man. eat. ka'tkoc ko'-ikit, the eagle is scream- hicokia'xc koxc, I want to eat. ing(I). ^ i'cak iko ko"'ulet, ha'kit icak ko"'- kic ku'i ha'xc, a mute woman (I). ulet, they had a man arrested (or kic te'm yuk'hi'ti ko'-iat, she spoke seized) (iko -= wanted him; also Atakapa yesterday. sig. coming down). kic yi'16n yuk'hi'ti ko'-into, she will icko' or icko'xc, we desire, we want, speak Atakapa to-morrow. la'ns al nko'xca, do you want deer kic yuk'hi'ti ko'-i, she speaks Atak- meat? apa. nima' ko'xc a'-uculat, they could not ke'-uko'-ikinto, I speak sitting. kUl him, they wanted to kill him ki'wilc ko'-i, the French language. but could not. ko'-i hatseme'c wa'n-cakwa'ntskit, nima'n ko'^ca'hulet (?), they did not he slanders. wish to kill him. ko'-i hatwicka'x ket, ko'-i hatwicka'xc nkemc ko, thou wouldst wish to row ket, an individual talking too ("tu voudrais ramer"). much, one who forgets that he sits tane'-u cakina'-uc ko'xca'hulat, they down from talking. would not admit others (D-117). ko'-i hite'-u, a big talker. tik'hu' ko'hat, she wanted to go to ko'-i hiwe'-u a°' la'w6t, the church see (D-105). burnt down, "the powerful-talk- ti'c ko'hat, she wanted to go (D-110). ing-house burnt down." wa'n cakpa'mkox, going at them ko'-i hiwe'-u ko-ine', prayer beads desiring to beat them (D-79). (I). wi it'a' ku, I want to get out; pi. of ko'-i ma'k, Adam's apple, "lump in subj. nta'-u. throat"; E. D. ko-i-wak [co-iuac] wi nu'n o't {or u't) pa'i hiti'c(t) ko, (P), coyouac (C), given as "neck." I want to return home ("to my ko'-i yule, written word, speech, dis- village"), course. yuki't ickemc ko, we would wish to ko'-ikin (h)atmolmo'lhico, I am row ("nous voudrions ramer"). gargUng (ko'-ikin, in the throat) yuki't iccukia'-iko, we want some- koyi'u (D-55), kuyi'u (I), a bad thing to eat. cold.

yuki't cukia' icko', we want to eat. koyi'u cakio'nc, koyi'u cakio'nc (I), kohits, to sink (cf. tanko'hi). whooping cough ("coqueluche"). kakau' ko'hets, kakau' ko'hits (I), nep ke-uko'-ikinto, I speak low while sunset, "the sun is going down." sitting. kakau' ko'hudsit, the sun sets. noha'mc ko'-ikit, the rooster crows kakau' ko'tskitn {or ko'hitskin), after (I). sundown, o'dse ko'-ikinto, I speak loud while pem kaukau' hu'i ko'hitsat, a gun sitting. sinks in the water (I). caka'-u ko'-i u'xts, those who know tu kaukau' hu'i ko'hits, the boat how to speak the language of the sinks under the water. dead ("ceux qui savent parler la .

qatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 69

langue des morts"), or of white na'kit nakcoko'-in, while you (pi.) people, are chiefs, ta-uko'-ikit, or ta'-ucokcokwa'nkit, na'kit (or na'kit-ic) co'koi, you two he preaches ("il preche"), "he are chiefs, speaks standing"; pi. ta-ucok'ko'- na'kit coko'ygt, you were {or have ikit. been) chiefs. te' nako'-i, you have to speak! get nAn-u'cip coko'-i {or co'.xko-i) kitsa'k up to speak! 5,'mkaw6t, the village judge was ti'u-ko'-ikinto, I speak while lying drunk, (in bed, etc.). co'ko-i a°', courthouse, tots-koi-he'-u, a mocking bird, "a co'xko-i hat'ti'dsulat, they went to bird that talks a lot"; E. D. takis- law with him. koi-heu. coxko'yat, he was the chief (D-93). wi hi'koiho'pckit, I cough, coxko'yulat, they are all chiefs, yuk'hi'ti ko'-i, the Atakapa language wi hicoko'-ins {or -inco) ilu' nit, five or talk. years while I am chief, wi hicoxko'ito ilu' ni't, I shall be coko'-i (L-10), coxko'-i (D-10, 54), chief for five years, chief, judge (from cok + ko-i) wi (h)icoko'yet, I was {or have been) (see iti). chief, ha {or ha-ic or hac (L)) co'ko-i, he is wi coko'-in, be my chief! ("sois mon chief, chef!"),

ha' coko'-ins, while he is chief, wi coxko'-ine, he is to be my chief, ha' coku'yet, he was (or has been) wi i'ti wa'nkinto, I am chief, I chief, govern, "I go before." ha'kit co'koi, or ca'kcokoi (L), they wic hico'koi, wi hico'koi, I am chief, are chiefs, yu'kit icoko'-in, while we are chiefs, ha'kit coko'-i-yul6h6, while they are yuki't tsi'k co'ko-i, we two are chiefs, chiefs, yu'hi'ti coxko'-in, being chief of the ha'kit coko'ygt, they were {or have Indians (D-132). been) chiefs, yuki'ti coko'ygt, we were chiefs, hicoxko'-ikinto, I am chief, "I am yukitic ca'kcokoi, j'uki'ti coko'-i, we the speaker" (D). are chiefs. icak ha' icoxko'-inhS, a man who will kok, k\ik, to bend, crooked; E. D. be chief (D). kokg or kocg, to bend (cf. koc, icak he'u coko'-iyul6hg, men who will pon, tixt). be chiefs, icak tu'ts kako'k, a bow-legged man icak coko'-ins, a man who will be chief, (I), icak coko'yet {or -yat (L)) tanu'kip, koko'kic, koko'kict, a hook, a fish- a man who has once been chief. hook, John co'xko-i pa'm nema'-at, John koko'kic-o, kokokxic(t)-o, a fishline, beat the chief and then killed him "fishhook string." (D). koko'kic-o-ik, by means of a fishline Lo' coko'-iyit, Lo was chief (Lr-11). (D-50). Lo coko'-iyit ha'l, Lo was the last of ne'e ko'k, a crooked stick, bent wood, the chiefs, or Lo the last of the tu'ts hatko'kico, I bend the leg. chiefs (L-11). wi ko'kic, or wi' ko'ko, I bend. Lo' yuki'ti ha'l coxko'yit, Lo was the ko(l), last Indian chief (D-28). kuiyatko'l, kuyak'ho' (D-67), kuiat- na {or na-ic or nac) 6'nco'koi, thou kot (L), sausage, "entrails filled art a chief, up." na gncoko'yet, thou wast {or hast kuiyatko'l lat ha'l cuki'ii, three been) chief, sausages and a half (D) na ncoko'-ins, while you are chief. kuiyatko'l cuki'n, half a sausage (D). . . .

70 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

cokhatko'lo, I stuff (L). tu'ts ko'm-al, calf of leg, " flesh hang-

wi tsa'nc ko'lc, I shove into (D). ing on leg" (?). kol, to rub. utskin ha'tkomc, nose ring (I). kola'wi, kolila'wi, kolila'wini, a match, wi koiii-ho'pckia (h)atke'co, I put in te'yux kolilawina, te'yu? kolilaka'- my pocket, unS., match box. wi o' ko°ko'mico, I relax a rope, I we nu'k hatkolko'kco (or atkolko'lco), relax a cord (I). I rub myself. wi okotka'-uc ma'n ko'mna-u, I hang wi wo'c hatkolk6'lc(o), I rub my hands, up an overcoat; pi. of obj. cak- wo'c hatkolkd'kco, wo'c atkolko'l- komna'-u. c(o), I rub the hands. wic cixko'mic co'nico, I ring a bell, kol (cf. wal), kdm, yu'l kolko'l, an undulating or wavy ca'kiko'm, I am going to fish, line. cakiko'mo, I am fishing, kora (I), ko'rakora, belly; E. D. tat. cakiko'mta o'ko, cakiko'm {or cakiko'm hec, kumhe'c, ku'mhe, colic, ko'mne) o'ko, I come for fishing, diarrhea, "sick belly." cokiko'm, I fish. ko'm kamka'm, belly fin(s). tai'kin cakiko'm, I fish in the river. kumhe'c ha'tse-ec, colic is a bad kome, komi, thick; by der. under- thing. brush, brushwood (cf. kofi). wi ko'mep ti'hio, I lie on the belly. a'lc ko'me, thick ice. kom, to hang ("komc seems a verbal ha'-u ko'me, big snowfall {also big

of active signification"), frost (?)). a'n hatko'mc, earring (D-128). ha'-u komekit, there is a big fall of ha' u'tskin hatko'mc, he has a ring in snow, his nose, he has a nose ring, icak ko'mi, a stout man, a thick-set hati't tiko'mc, apron, "hanging in man; pi. i'cak ko'mkomi.

front" (?) (I). it'ha'ns ka'-u ko'mi, the cloud is hatko'mco, I hang myself up. heavy or thick,

icak he'-u cak'ko'mc, many men hung kaukau' ko'mi, the rain is heavy, up. adlect kombnst [adlesht combnst], leak kul ko'mc, a man hung up (kul, the snow is heavy (E. D.). already, now), adlect lagn kombnst [adlesht lagn ica'k ko'mulet, they hung a man. combnst], the ice is thick (E. D.). komho'pc, ko'm ho'pc, pocket, kaukau' kombnst [caucaii combnst], "hanging hollow" (?). the rain is heavy (E. D.). ko'mcka'-u, I make somebody hang lagg kombnst [lagg combnst], the up; pi. of obj. ca'kko'mcka'-u. cloud is thick (or heavy) (E. D.) ko°ko'mico, I take and relax a cord ci-komb(n)st [shy combnst], fog, (or rope) "heavy smoke" (E. D.). okotka'-uc ma'n ko'm-tat, an over- wic kumak [ouish coumak], fist (E. D.). coat hung up, an overcoat hanging wonn kombnst [u5nn combnst (P), up (lit. " standing erect ") ou-oun combnst (C)], the dew is cixt {or cit) ko'mhic wi co'nico, I ring heavy, strong (E. D.). the bell, kon, (I) kon, k6n (A. R.), gar. garfish, ci'xtko'mhic (I), citko'mhic (co'n- Creole poisson armL icat), the bell (has rung), "pot kon, ko", to take, to seize, to arrest hanging." (sing.; pi. yal.). cicakna'-uca ko'mc ha'xc, I don't let ha'kit icak ko°'ulet, they arrested (them) hang up. the man. citko'mhic co'nictat, the bell rang (I), i'cak iko ko°'ulet, they had a man citko'mhic wi co'nico, I rang the arrested {or seized) while coming bell (I), down (iko may mean coming down, co'k nke'a na komho'pcki, what have wanted him, or be intended for you in your pocket? ko°, a duplication of the stem). . .

GATSCHET"! OF ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 71 SWANTON J DICTIONARY THE

icak ko°' uxts cokcaktsS,fic, they can wi ko°' pa'lo, wi ko° pa'lo, I have catch the thieves (D-61). taken and broken it ("je I'ai pris icak cako°', sheriff, policeman, "man et cass(5 "). taker," also icak cako'nne, the wi ko'n col, I shove out (I take and constable (D-147). rub?). kima'tkin ko° hiya'-u, I take and wi' ne hiko'kicat, he has taken my lift in the middle, land from nie. kofi, take it! catch it! wi o' ko"' ko'mico, I relax a rope ko°' hipa'mulet, I was seized and {or cord) (I) beaten, wi o' ko°' ma'nico, I stretch a cord kcko'mico, I take and relax (a cord (I), or rope), wi wfi'-i konpa'wicat, I took and konkonpetina'ha, you gain nothing swung a stone (as a pendulum)

by doing that (this is the Hiyekiti (I). ' or Eastern Atakapa equivalent of ya' okotka'-uc ko'n-ina'-u, bring that to'taihaxc or tu'taihaxc; it does not shirt inside! (I), belong certainly under this head; ya tansta'l kontle'mo, I have torn the Opelousa may have spoken the this paper (" ce papier est dechir<5") same dialect), kon, to strike (as lightning) ko'finto, you (pi.) will catch it. lo'nlonc a°' kond {or ko'nkgt or ko°pa'-ico, I draw out, I pull out. ko'nkit, or ko'ngt or ko°'gt), the I tear ("je dechire"); ko^'txe'mo, lightning {lit. thunder) struck the pi. ko°te'mtemo. house, lonlonci ko°'ne, lightning rod, "thun- lo'nloiic ne'e ko'n6t {or ko'nkit), the der catcher." lightning (lit. the thunder) struck ne ko°', I have taken the earth the tree (D, A. R.). ("j'ai pris la terre"). kofi, k6°, heavy (cf. kome). ne mo°' ko°', I have taken the whole hitso'n kco k6°', small but heavy. earth ("j'ai pris toute la terre"). ko° ha', light, "not heavy." ne mon yalpe'hiul6t, they have taken ko"' nako"', ko" nak ko"', heavy to the earth ("ils ont pris la terre"). lilt, very heavy, "heavy and nee na tanu'k ko° ij'a'-u, you take heavy." and lift a stick at one end. ko" nee, ko'n ne'e, hackberry, "heavy o' ko° ma'nico, I take and stretch a wood." cord ("je I'ai 61ong^"). Eonac, name of an Ata,kapa man. okotka'-uc ko"' ina'-u, tsa'xk, take kone' (A. R.), kane, kana'n (L-5), back a shirt (for) it is dry! ("rentre kane'n, turtle, une chemise, elle est seche!"). kane hika't, flippers of turtle, cako^'hulat, they caught them {or ka'ne itsa'-i, fried turtle, have them), kana'n ta'l, shell of turtle. cakyu'lc hiko°'at, I received a letter, ko'nen, kona'n, potato, ciwa'n anpa'kc ko'nkit, the cat kone'n, kona'n, enkilic kona', Irish catches the mouse, enkilic potato, "English potato." co'k'konpa'yo, I turn over something ko'na° a'yip, ko'nen a'yip (L-8), (pi. of obj.?) a' yip kuna' (D-48), wild potato, wi hite't hiko°' hipa'mSt, I was "potato in the marsh." seized and beaten by my father, ko'nan o'l, ko'na o'l, sweetpotato; wi ko'kica, I take away ("j'ote kona'n olo'l quelqu'chose"). pi. ko'nan o'lol, (L-4). wi ko'n hipo'nico, I take and fold it, yuki'ti konan, In- I bend over, I bend ("plier")). yok'hi'ti kona'n, wi ko"' na'-u, I make (a bottle) dian potato, "marsh potato." stand, I grasp and place upright ko"p, stomach. (I). na ko^p, your stomach. .

72 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

kop, white; E. D. kobb [cobb]; pi. ko'tsk(o), ko'pkop, many white things, white a'i ko'tsk (A. R.), a'i ko'tsko (L), a in different places, marsh, a small pond, given once as aku'p, flour (I), a guUey. aku'p ctl'kwak (probably should be kco, although, though, but ("quand hatko'p cukwa'k), wheat bread, meme"). "meal bread," "white powder he' (k)co to'lha, strong but not good bread." (wine) a'n cako'picne, white paint, he'ts kco tla'-u, big but light, ac tat kop, light yellow, "yellow hicokec kco' yi'lkit mon {or yi'l mon) white," light green (ac, that), ti'co, though I am sick I go out hatko'pico, I paint myself white, every day. ha'-u ko'p, frost is white; E. D. hau hitso'n kco k6°', small but heavy, kobb. mi'lc kco' yi'lman coka'xkit, though it atko'picne, white face-paint (I), he is blind he works all day. kic ko'p, old woman, "white (haired) ku, egg; E. D. kiu [kiou], hiu. old woman"; pi. kic ko'pkop. ku' tat, yolk of egg (I), "egg yellow." ko'p ha'u, white frost, noha'mc ku, no'hamc ku' (I), hen's ko'p nak ko'p, very white. egg. kop uc'ha', not very white, "white no'hamc ku' hina'k, egg-shaped, not so true" (gray?), noha'mc ku' ilu'c, a boiled egg ("ceuf lakla'kc ko'pik ka', made of silver bouiUi"). (D-133, 134). noha'mc ku itsa'-i, fried eggs, ome- na'-u koko'p, stockings (whether let, white or not), noha'mc ku ko'p, ku' ko'p (I), white na'-u koko'p hatka'yicne, garter. of egg. na'-u koko'p yulyu'l, striped stock- noha'mc ku ta'l, no'hamc ku' ta'I ings, (I), shell of egg, eggshell, noha'mc ku' ko'p, ku' ko'p (I), white noha'mc ku tat, ku' tat (I), yolk of of egg. egg, "yellow of egg." No'lkop, one of Louison's boys, noha'mc ku'at, the hen is laying eggs, perhaps sig. "White Bank" (see noha'mc ku'-ulat, hens laid eggs, nol). noha'mc caku'at, hens lay eggs, o'ka ko'p, white cloth. ku'i, bowels, guts. cakatko'pcSn, and they painted kuiyatko'l, kuiatkot, kuyak'ho' themselves white (L-24). (D-67), sausage, "entrails filled ca'k'hatko'pict, white powder (it is?) up," stuffed, for face paint, kuiyatko'l lat ha'l cukl'n, three cakio'l na-u koko'p, man's stockings, sausages and a half, socks, kuiyatko'l cuki'n, half a sausage. tsa'nco ako'p, I knead flour ("p^trir"). kii-i, ggu'-i (L-8), cactus pears, prickly tso'-ots a'kop, cornmeal (I). pears. Ta'-i ko'p ki'c, "White-river Ku'-i, Ggil'-i, Ba5^ou des Gayes Woman," the name of Delilah's (about 10 m. from Lake Charles by sister. water, between the latter place and talko'p kop, light blue, "blue white." Mr. Keyo's toward the southwest). talko'p na'k talkop, dark blue, k

OATSCHET"] DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 73 SWANTON J

into ku'lic, again, a second time. ke-uko'tskinto, I cut while kul ka', kul ka'n, already made. sitting, ku'lke, always (I). ki'c cojfko'ts, a tailoress. ku'lke hoktewe' to'xntsol, we have ko'tsic, cut into, always been together (D separates ko'tsico, I cut off a piece, tox from ntsol and queries ku'lke) ko'dsnan kat ke'c, bridle, "iron put ku'l(tan), a long time, long. in mouth." knife, ku'ltan ka'-ulat, it was done long ago kotsna'nik ko'tso, I cut with a (D-85). ko'tso, I cut with. ku'ltan ok-ti'cat, a long time has ko'tspon-nt'ha'nS", ko'tsispo"' ita"na kotspon-nt :ja'na.", kots icpo'n for the ku'ltan ya'c, it is a long time ago, it eta'na, chimney, "hole cut

is long, smoke to go out." cu'l ku'lic hiwewe'veat, the dog ko'tstolc, kotsto'lc, round, disk barked at me again, shaped, square but with the corners wic ku'l cokia'ku wi hite't ini'hat cut off. (Armojean did not re- a'nkin {or ini'kit a' nut), I had member this form.) eaten when my father entered the kutsna'n (D-128), ku'tsna° (I), house ("j 'avals mang6 quand mon ku'dsna° (I), kutsn, kodsn^n, pere est entr6 dans la maison")- kodsna°, iron, knife; Ak. kosm k

coki'n kSn ko'tsico, I cut across, la'k ilu', the sun is hot; E. D. naagg- tsu'm hikots, to pinch and turn the alliuu. skin, to pinch a piece out (D), la'klakc, lakla'kc, silver, silver coin, te'c hatko'tsnto, I crop my hair, money (D-129); E. D. laklaggst.' wai' ku'dsna°, a stone kinfe (I). lakla'kc ko'pik ka', made of silver wi hima'mo kudsna'nik, I stab with (D-133, 134). a knife, la'klakc ku'ts, gold, copper, wi ko'tsa, I am cutting. "red coin"; E. D. lakilaggstat (P), laki- wi kutsne'n atsi'l, my knife is rusty. baagstat (C), "yellow money," wi ne'e ko'tso, I cut (or chop) wood; gold, copper, freq. kotsko'tso. la'klakc nit, lakla'kc nit (I), five wi ne'e kutsnahik ta'mco, I split dollars, with a knife. la'klako-tat, gold color,"silver yellow." wic kuts-pa'kico, I chop the tree down, la'klakc to'l yu'l kotsito'lic, hi-i'kicat, he has paid checkered, having me squares, good money ("il m'a paye argent comptant {or bon)"). kuts, red (all kinds, including the lakla'kc tsa'nu, I hide money, color of Indians; pi. ku'tskuts; E. lakla'xc hatna' nke'a, D. ofg; Ak. kus (see lak), how much money have you? atsi'l ku'ts, the rust is red. tantsta'l lakla'kc, hatku'dsico, I paint myself red. paper money, te'xlk ica'k ku'tskuts, Indians, la'k, sunflower. te'?lk la'k ne'e, sunflower stalk. kaukau' kuts, kau'kau kuts (I), "red water," red wine, claret; in lag tolc, tag one place given as "live coals" tote [lacq tolch, tagg ("tisons de feu"), totch], the sky is clear (E. D.). kaukau' ku'ts a'mka-u, wine drunk, lag kombnst, tag kombnst [lagg ku'ts ina'ha, pink, combust], the cloud is heavy, the ku'ts nak ku'ts, dark red. cloud is thick (E. D.). lag tci, ku'ts oki'-ya'-u, red flag, "red cloth tag tci [tagg tchy], cloud (E. D.). hoisted " (I), klok-kus [clocq cous], the Ak. word kuts uc'ha', light red. meaning "vermilion" but probably ku'tska yiltat, light shines red. identical with the W. Atakapa ku'dskat, still red. word for "gold" and "copper" la'klakc ku'ts, copper color, gold, except that the first syllable is not "red money or silver." doubled. nee kuts, red oak, "red tree." lak, la'-ak, pi. la'klak (lak, strong; lak, 'n'o' kuts, vermilion (n'oh, red powder), guttering), strong, robust, hard, o'kc al atku'tsicne, red paint for also quick; E. D. I'allets (C), pallets,, cheeks, strong, tann (P), tarn lagn (P), hard cu ku'tskuts, red pepper, "red seed." (cf. li.). ta'-i ku'ts, Red River, a"'lak, prison, jail, "strong house." ta'-i ku'ds ti'cto, I go to Red River, a°'la'k pa'li yanta'-ul6t a°'lak pa'lhi kuts, ya' nta'-ulat, they have broken jail ta'nuk te'puk ku'tskuts, one plum, and gotten out ("ils ont cass6 la one prune, prison et I'ont sorti"). te'puk ku'tskuts, tepu'k ku'tskuts, a°'lak ya'-u, sheriff, "jail keeper." plum, prune (L-3). a'nla'kin, in the jail (D-148, 150). tepu'k ku'tskuts ne'kin, plum season. a°ka't la'kicnto, I lock the house kut [kout], this, that, this thing (E. D.). door ("je barre la maison"). khattebmn (P), khatlebmn (C), yes- a'nkat la'kict, a°'kat la'kic, lock the terday, this yesterday (E, D.). door! lak, gHttering; by der. sun; E. D. nagg, a'-'la'kicne, lock ("barre-maison"), naagg (according to one version of and key (I). E. D. sky = lakg Dacg]). hatla'ki, I strain myself. .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 75

hatla'kinto, strain yourself! (lakinto naki't na'klaklak! (2d pers. pi.). does not occur by itself), ha'kiti la'klak (3d pers. pL). hiko'nkc la'kic(t), a knot ("noeud")- icak la'kat, a man who was strong, hi' lak, lak hi' the wind blows hard, a or stout. hurricane, a storm wind, icak lak'n, when a man will be hi' lak uca', the wind blows hard. strong, )ko°'Ia'kic, help me fasten! na na'c la'k! be strong! nakla'klak it'ha'ns ka'-u lak, the clouds go fast, (pl.). the clouds drift rapidly; the fast- lak, flying clouds. ica'k co'klak, a poor man. Jack a°la'kin inho'lcilat a'mip, on ya' ica'k co'klakc, that man is poor. account of drinking Jack was put in ya' ica'k cokla'kcat, that man was

jail, poor, lagc, ripe (I), ya' ica'k cokla'kctikit, that man will la'k tsa'nto, or lak wa'fito, I will be poor, walk fast, lara, to burn, to shine, to dazzle, to la'k timto, go quick ye! smart (see lak, la-u). la'k ti'ci, go quick! hilam, to burn, to smart, to give tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye' pain (cf. wai).

lak, the horse is going ahead of the lamla'mc, dazzling, shining, any- dog. thing of metallic shine; E. D.

tso'-ots la'gc, the corn is ripe (lit. lamlampst, dazzling, "hard"), ripe corn, cakla'mc, ca'klamc, ca'kla'mc, leech, wi a°la'kin inu'lco {or inhu'lco), I "making them smart" (?). put (somebody) in jail, cakla'mc p'o'sk cok'hita'-uckit, the wi nta'ku(?) a°'lak it'hi, I got out of leech sucks the blood out. the prison in the evening ("je suis cakla'mc to'tskit, the leech is suck- sorti de le prison le soir"). ing, wi te'us a^la'kin ita'hu, I left the tamhe'-uc hila'm, venomous spider prison in the evening. ("araignee venimeuse"), tarantula. wi wo'c lakla'k ina'ha, my hands are iggl lamlampst (P), igg'lamlampst as if stiff, (C), the light is dazzling (E. D.). ya' tsi'k o't cakiye' lak, he is the lans, lane (I), deer; E. D. itstanst stronger of the two. (probably itslanst). ya'-u la'klak, yao' la'klak (L-6), ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'i, the awl is gaspergou, a bass, "fish with hard under the buckskin (I) flesh." ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'itikit, the awl will be under the buckskin (I), wi hilak (D), wic ilak, I am strong, ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'yat, the awl was na nlak (2d pers.); ha lak (3d pers.). under the buckskin (I). yuki'tic la'klak (1st pi.). la'ns a'l, deer meat, venison (L-5). naki'ti nakla'klak (2d pi.). la'ns al nko'xca, do you want deer ha'kiti la'klak (3d pi.). meat?

wi hila'kat, I have been strong. la'ns ti'l, buckskin (I). na nla'kat (2d pers.); ha' la'kat (3d lac, to shave. pers.). eku'n {or ai'kun) hatlacxa'nco, I yu'kitic lakla'kat (1st pers. pi.), finish {or quit) shaving myself, na'kiti naklakla'kat (2d pers. pi.), eku'n {or eikun) e'-uhatla'cnto, I ha'kiti lakla'kat (3d pers. pi.), begin shaving myself, wic (h)ila'k'n, when I shall be stout, ha' icat-la'c, he is a scalped man, not

wic hilakti'kit, I shall be strong, having a scalp (?). na nla'k'n (2d pers.), ha lak'n (3d icak icat lac, scalp, "shaved head." pers.). icak tanu'k ke-ula'cnto, I shave yukiti iclakla'k'n (1st pers. pi.). another. 66784—32 6 . .. . .

76 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (bull. 103

katna'-u hatla'cne, katna'-u hatla'cnS, kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin (I), razor, "beard shaver." teho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a kodsnan icat cakla'cna, scalping hole through in my coat,

knife (?), "knife for shaving the ko'-i hiwe'-u a"' la'w6t, the church head." burnt down, la'cgn, lackin, to skin (a beast) (A. R.) kola'wi, kolila'wi, and kolila'wina, coko'm la' CO, I skin a cow. match, wi hatla'cnto, I shave myself. la'wi-ulat, they burnt (the house, wi la' CO, I skin. etc.) (D-138). lat (L-18; D-59, 80, 99, 148), three; lo'k la'-ukit, the prairie burns, E. D. latt (P), laatt (C). ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'xc (or -ha), hal lat, third ("could be used but wet wood doesn't burn well, it is not a real word"), ne'e he'-u lau'kit, a lot of wood is on kic lat, three women (I), fire, kuiyatko'l lat ha'l cuki'n, three sau- ne'e himam la'wiA, I have burnt a sages and a half, cord of wood (himam, put in a la tip, thrice, three times, the third heap) time, ne'e la'wine, firewood. (I) la'tip hipo'nso, threefold, o'n lau'kit, the grass burns, lat sim, three apiece, three to each, cokcaki'kc a"' la'w6t, a shop has co'k u'ts lat, having three points burned ("une boutique a brul6"). (may be used for "triangular"), tsi't lau'kit, the tobacco burns, cukitu'liana. hikad lat, a three-foot tsuci'nc hicla'-uc, tsoci'nc-icla'-uc, table, fever and ague, "the shakes" cu'l lat, three dogs (I) ("frissons") (I), latsi'k, six "two threes"; E. D. te'yux kolilawina ka'bnS, (or ka'-unS), talst, taalst (evidently should be match box (ka'bnS is not needed), latst, laatst). wa'-uc hiki la'wfit (and hila'w6t), latsi'kip, six times, steam scalded me. latsi'kip hipo'nso, sixfold. wa'-uc cu'l la'w6t, the steam scalded latsi'ksSm, six apiece, six to each, the dog. woe pe' ha'lat, thirteen; E. D. halg wi a'n la'wi-o, I burn my hand, laatt. lekke' (C), pekke' (P), wise (E. D.). wocpe' lat, wocpe' la't (D-96), lem, to love; E. D. c5t [shot], thirty; E. D. heissign latt (or laatt). hile'mc, he loves me. wocpe' latsi'k, sixty (D-88); E. D. iclemc, he loves us. hehin laatst. (wic) ha ilemc, I love him, or simply la-u, lau, to blaze, to burn, to scald ilemc (i = I).

(cf. lak, lam). li, to grind, to soften; E. D. eU, soft, a° lau' kit, the house burns, tender (Carpenter has cell, hard, hatla'wat, I burnt myself, and omits tann; evidently tann hets lau'kit, the fire is blazing, and the words "soft" and "ten- hila'wat, I am burnt, he burnt me. der" were overlooked by him) (cf.

hicla'-uc, icla'-uc, fever, il. Ilk),

hicla'-uc ta't, icla'-uc ta't, yellow kapi' li'li, to grind coffee, fever, kapi'li'lina, coffee mill ("moulin de hicla'-ucat, I have had fever, caf6").

icak capi'?k cakla'wiulha'hat, they li'l, soft,

never burned the dead (D-140). li'l nak li'l, lilaklll, very soft; also icla'-uc ta'tik, of yellow fever (D-88) said to mean "pliant," "flexible."

icla'-uc ta'tik ka'wat, of yellow fever li'l ya' nee, this wood is soft,

she died, na'-u li'l, down (feathers),

kidco'mc npu'nsSn la'-u ka, blowing ne'e li'l, soft wood; pi. ne'e lilil. the fire starts it. ne'c-koltu li'lina, sugar press, sugar kidsonc h6ts lau'kit, the fire is blazing. mill. J

GATSCHET] SWANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 77

cit-ha'n li'l, picking soft moss to loc, help. pieces (D-75). ca'kco hilocne han, I have nobody to

co'k ake'nict H'l, co'katke'nic lil, defend me. strawberry, co.xka'k lo'-ico icak, I help somebody

tso'-ots li'li, cornmeal, flour, "ground working. corn." wi hipa' hilo'-icat, my husband helps tso'-ots li'lina, mill for grinding corn me. ("moulin de mai"). wi' hipa' hilo'eat, my husband defends me. akhilik, akeli'kc, wet, softened in lozk, prairie; E. D. lookc [looksh], water; pi. he'-u akeli'kc. meadow, prairie, ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'xc, wet lo'k la'-ukit, the prairie burns, wood doesn't burn well. lo'xkin, lo'xki, in the prairie, on the ti'nstal ikili'kco, paper soaked prairie (L-35; D-46). through. wi'c hiti'c lo'xkin, I go upon the wi akili'kico, I wet in the water prairie. (ilikico can not be used alone). lorn, to peel. wi cokotka'k ikili'kic, I soak the wi lo'mco, I peel ("j'^pluche"). cloth. 16n, to hum, to roar. yi'16° akili'kicta, I shall wet (it) hi' lo'nkit, the storm is roaring, to-morrow (again). lo'nkit, it is humming, lik, to crush, to mash (cf. li). min lo'nkit, the bee is humming (I). ha icat pa'mlikc mon, his head en- 15fi, to thunder (perhaps the same as tirely mashed by pounding (L-9). Ion), li'kcu, I crush (by hand), as fruits, lo'nlonc, thunder (I). etc. lo'iilonc a°' kond {or ko'figt or lik, ko^'gt), lo'nlonc a°' ko'nkgt {or

wi okotka'-uc-ma'n li'kc, my coat is ko'nkit), the thunder (i. e., light- used up or worn out. ning) struck the tree, lik, lo'nlonc (ne) makau', lo'nlonc (ne'- co'klikc, contented, satisfied, pleased, kin) makau', the thunder strikes rejoicing. the ground, ckaleggst [shkaleggst], joy, enjoy- lo'nlonc ne'e ko'figt, lo'nlonc ne'e ment (E. D.). ko'nkit, the thunder struck the li'la, tree, the thunder catches the tree. li'la ne'e, china tree. lo'nlonc6t, it is thundering,

-16, -lu, imperative suffix of the first lonlonci ko"'ne, lightning rod, lit. person plural. "thunder catcher." mon ho'ktiwe pu'mlo, let us dance pelkankit lo'nlonc, pel lo'nlonc ka'n- all together! kit, it thunders at a distance. pum ti'ulo, let us go and dance! lu, mud, dirt. tsi'pclo, let us move camp! ha' ica'k lu'kin tiktat tema'kip, this ti'ulo, let us go! man goes to stand in mud up to Lo (Lr-11, 12; D-28, 29), a former the knees; pi. tgtso't for tiktat. Atakapa head chief who lived on lu' itka a'mcne, a pottery drinking Indian Lake (Yuk'hi'ti tul), the cup. later Lake Prien. Yuk'hi'ti tul lu' pampa'mcS, to tramp around in was also the name of his village. the mud. 16, lo, to help, to defend. Iu'c6m, fuU of dirt (D-65). inlo'hi {or nlo'-i) cokia'kinto, I help lul, to swim. you eat. a'kitoc lul (icict), the frog swims (to inlo'hi {or nlo'-i) cok(k)a'kinto, I the other side). help you work. John tanko'hi ya' lu'1-ici'hat, John lo'-ico, I help. jumped in and swam over. .

78 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 10»

lu'lkit, it is swimming (usitative). ne'e ma'k, ne'e mak (I), knot in wood, lu'ltit, they are swimming. to'lk hima'kic hets (D-139), to'lki wi' lu'l, I swim. makict hets, large or long pin, (wi) ta'-i lul ici'ko, I swam over to breast-pin, "big thing with head the other side of the river. made into a knob." ya'-u lu'lkit, j'a'-u lu'l, the fish wi to'1-gema'kict, my pin (I have swims (I). one pin), lum, to roU. wo'c ma'k, hand clasped, fist; E. D. hatlumlu'mico, I roll myself. wee kumak [uish kumak], given lumlu'mico, I am roUing something. as "wrist" in one transcription, lumlu'mst, what rolls ("ce qui raak, to fall, to plunge, to swim. (A. roule"). R. gave ma'xkit as a synonym of naki't teko' ti'u-lumlu'micta, go ye lul, to swim.)

. and roU this barrel! ek'hu ma'kco, I plunge into the ne'c-pa'l lumlu'mckit, the wheel water, turns. himakau'kit, I fall, ni'c pa'l lumlu'mic(t), wheel, "turn- kau'kau makau', the water falls ing board." (over a dam, etc.). pi'l lumlu'mict, a roller on a bed (cf. keiakwa'ts ka'-uc maka'-u ha'xcta, wheel), a caster. kglakwa'ts ka'-uc maka'-u ha'cta, ya' teko' tik-lumlu'mict(a), go roll the cork has not yet fallen down, this barrel! kglakwa'ts ka'-uc maka'w6t, the cork luc, scale of fish. has fallen down, ndi' caklu'c, scales of fish. lo'nlonc (ne) makau', lo'nlonc (ne'- luc, sticky; (pi.) lulu'c; (cf. lu). kin) makau', the thunder (i. e., lut, to blow (nose). lightning) strikes the ground, u'ts hatlu'ticu, I blow my nose. maka'-u, to fall; E. D., makkao. ma, a demonstrative probably indicat- tsanu'k kic makau' kit, the mare is ing a considerable distance away, foaling (and said of quadrupeds or an indefinite distance away, generally) and hence translated "where?" in ta'nstal to'lka maka'wat, the paper asking questions. falls down whirling, hiwe'vc tanu'k ma'-i, farther than wi himaka'wSt kitsak a'mwanyg

(,or over) one mile (D-139). (or a'm-waii ya'), I feU because na' no'mc ma, where is your child? I was drunk, ciwan ma', ci'won ma, where is the wi maka'-u na'-uco, I let fall, I make cat? it fall, ta'-i ma ino'-i, on the other side of wic ke hia'mkin Jack maka'wet, the river, across the river, beyond while I was drinking Jack fell the river. down, tu'l ma ino'-i, across the lake (D-73, ne'maghau (P), ne makhaaou [nay 100). makhaaou (C)], lightning that mak, knot, knob, lump, bump; fore- "strikes the earth," thunderbolt head (said to be same stem). (E. D.). Imo'c mak, a grave mound (D-139). mak (sing., two things), mam (pi.), to ko'-i ma'k, Adam's apple, "lump mix things (solids or liquids) (cf. on the throat." make, to exchange), ma'kmakc hitso'm, makma'kc idso'n hima'kc, mixed (peas, beans, etc.). (I), smallpox, "small bumps." hima'm, ima'm, a pile, an accumu- ne mak o'tsip ti'cta John tewe(ta), lation, I will go to the mountain with ne'e himam la'wiA, I have burnt a John (I). cord of wood (himam = " mis en ne mak o'tsip ti'cta wi itet tewe'ta, tas"). I will go to the mountain with wi hima'kc, I mix together two my father (I). things. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 79

wi hima'mc, I mix several things. kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin wic hima'mo, I gather, I pile up, I teho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a collect, hole through my coat. make, to exchange, to swap, to barter, ko'mok man, a long basket. na'kit o'ktgm make'ne (L), na'kit ma'n ha'xcta, before long. o'kta make'-une, ye come for bar- ma'n ha'n, quickly. tering, man ha'n i'ti, quicker, quickest ok make', to swap; lit. to come and ("plus veloce"), "not long be- swap, fore." wi make'u, I swapped, ma'n mo°' pu'nso, I blow all along. wi mak*he'-u, I exchange, I barter ma'figt, always (L). I swap, ma'nc ina'ha, rectangular, square. wi cakmaka'yu, I swapped (pi. obj.). ma'nc o't yu'l(yul), striped hori- maghasu (P), loud, strong (E. D.) (see zontally (as lines on ruled paper). mak). ma'nut co'k caktsS'nkc, a continual kapkapst maghasu, the thunder is thief, always a thief (D). loud, strong (E. D.). mi'lc kco' yi'l man coka'xkit, ma'kets, lizard; E. D. nishtoman though he is blind he works all day. [nichtomann] (P). na'xts ma'n, a small yellow-bellied ma'kpel, palmetto, palmetto small and turtle. large (latania). na'-u ma'man, na'-u ma'm-maii, ma'kpel a°, a palmetto house, boots. ma'kuts, see ts^ma. ne'c-man ne'e, (long-leaf) pine. mal, upper leg, thigh ("cuisse"); E. D. ne'e tewa'c manma'n, magnolia, malt (P), maat, maal(?) (C); Ak. "long-leaved tree." motles. net tsat yu'l ma'nmanc, striped man (P), to push, to punch, to stab, vertically. coko'm no'hik ima'nkit, the cow o' ko° ma'nico, I take and stretch a pushes with its horn, cord ("jel'ai^long^"). wi hima'mo kudsn^'nik, I stab with o'kotka-uc man, okotka'-uc ma'n a knife (this is probably the plural (I), coat, "long shirt." form, though the second m may be okotka'-uc ma'n ho'pc, coat button- intended for n). hole. man (D-44, 105), mafi, long. okotka'-uc ma'n ko'm-tat, an over- a'kitoc na'l ma'nman, spring frog, coat hung up, an overcoat hang- "long thighs." ing up (lit. "standing erect"). a'n ma'nman, mule, "long ears." oko'tka-uc man no'k, coat sleeve.

etf man, iti' ma' ft (D-114), the whole tanu'k man iti, to overlap, "one the night through, longer." hu'i hatke' ma'n, a long petticoat teho'p man, a long tube. (I). te'c mon cakmanma'n6t, long hair imo'c mak ma'n, a long-shaped was worn by them (L-23). grave mound (D-139). wi o' ko''' ma'nico, I stretch a cord, icpa'l ma'n, a dish, "a long plate." "I lengthen a cord" (I). ictemet ma'n, sunbonnet, "long wi' okotka'-uc ma'n ko'mna-u, I hang hat." up an overcoat; pi. of obj. iti ma'n hihai'xtikyilco, I wept all cak-komna'-u. night, wi okotka'-uc ma'n li'kc, my coat is iti ma'n hiwa'lc tiki'lat {or tik yi'lat), used, my coat is worn out. I dream all night (until daylight), wi te'c manma'n hatna'-uco, I wear iti ma'n mon, the whole night, my hair long, I let my hair grow kec 'n cakio'l tec mon cakmanman- long. 6t, women and men wore their wi te'c maiima'nu, I have long hair hair long. ("j'ai les cheveux longs"). . ;

80 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wic ma'n o't a'm'o, I drink all the icak hi'-imilc, I hate this man, 1 time, detest this man; pi. icak cak- wic ma' nut wa'nkinto, wic ma'n o't himi'mc. wa'no, I will walk all the time, I mil, blind.

walk all the time, icak mi'lc, a blind man (I) . jd'l ma'n mon, the whole day. kic ku'nyuds mi'lc, a blind girl (I). yu'l ma'nmauc, striped, "long lines." kic mi'lc, a blind woman (I). ma'tsiwa, fly; E. D. matsiua. mi'l ka wo'l, sore eyes, e3'es making rael, black; pi. me'lmel; E. D. yann mucus, [iann], black, blue (see yan, green) mi'lc kco' yi'l man coka'xkit, though Ak. mesle(?) (see below), he is blind he works all day. ac mel u'c, this is true black (dark min, weak, feeble; (pi.) mi'nmin; E. D. gray?), mfe-in. hatme'lco, they painted themselves ?mi-inpa'xts, menpaxts, minpa'xts, black (L-25). rainbow; ("two colors: blue, red"); kau'kau mel, the water is black. E. D. mi-innpanst (mi-iu — weak?). ku'c mel, negro; pi. ku'c melme'l min, muii, bee, hornet, stinging (D-141). insect, ku'c mel kic, negress (in the original mill ak, honey, "bee liquor." kic for kuc, evidently a slip). mi'n an cak-ho'pc, bumble-bee, {or kuc mel tuka'-u, monkej', "resem- more likely wood wasp) "bee mak- bling a negro." ing holes in the houses." kuc me'lik nima'at, a negro has mi'n i-o'nkit, the bee stings once, killed him ("un negro I'a tu6'?). min lo'nkit, the bee is humming (I), no'kte-u me'lmel (L-6), no'k te'-u min pa, bee's nest (also given as me'lmel, nokte'-u me'l (I), goose "wax"). (both tame and wild), "ends of mi'n cakio'n, wasp "bee stinging." wings black" ("dont les ailes sont mi'n caki-o'nkit, the bee stings noires"). many, coko'n {or coko'm) me'l, a buffalo; minst, miinst, to feel ("sentir") pi. me'lmel (also signifying "black (E. D.). all over"). mic, to give. wi me'lco, I blacken; also I dye. al atna' himi'c, give me a little meatf wi tsanu'k me'l, my horse is black (I). ha mo'ni na'k mi' cat, he gave to ye wic kaiikau' me'lc, I blacken the all. water. ha' nmi'cat, he gave to you. wic kaukau' me'lckinto, I will blacken ha cak mi' cat, he gave to them, the water, ha cata' hika't mi'cat(?), ha' ot okmesl [ocqmesle], a blue or black mi' cat, he gave to him. covering (Ak.) (Rivet has "a white ha' we'het (or wet) himi'cat, he gave or black covering," but I adhere to to me. the Newberry Library copy of this ha' ut mic, give him! ("not ha ot"). vocabulary for obvious reasons) ha yu'kit ut {or ot) icmi'cat, he gave mets, tall; E. D. mets, large, high, tall, to us. hatna'xkan mets a'? How tall are hak himi'cat, ha' ik himico, he gave to you? me (I gave to him(?)). i'cak mets, a tall man. he'mic, they have given it to me. i'cak me'tsmets, many tall men. hi' mic kau'kau, give me water! tsanu'kc me'ts i'ti cu'lut iye'mets, himi'cinto, they give me.

tsanu'k (c) cu'l o't iye'mets, the himi'ckinto, they are giving me. horse is taller than the dog. ka'n hemi'ci kau'kau, you ought to rai(l), to hate, to detest; E. D. yakst ("devrais") give water to me. [iakst], to hate, to loathe. mi'culat, they gave (D-113). gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 81

okotka'-uc hatpa'ts imi'cinto, I will pa'-i mo'hat, she came home wash shirts for mj'self. (D-109.) okotka'-uc i'cak he'-u cakcopats wi mo'ko, I arrive, (h) imi'cinto, I wash shirts for mok, others. cakmo'kco, I borrow,

ca'k 'neu'pats hi'mic ti'kit, who is ca'hatmo'kco, I lend to somebody. going to wash for me? ("qui va m5k, short; E. D. mok [mock], low. laver pour moi?") a'nkat-mok, a°kat-mok (I), window, ciko'm kaukau' cokmi'co, I give the "short door"; pi. a'nkat mo'kmok. cattle to drink, a'nkat-mo'k pa°'hico, I close the cokmi'co, I gave something, I made window (I). a present, a'nkat-mo'k cakpa'xnico, I close the tsanu'k mi' cat pe'nene, she gave a windows, horse for curing her (D-56). a'iikat-mo'k utsu'tska, pointed window, tsl't katke' mic, give me a chew of tobacco! ("donne un chew tobac- a'nkat-mo'kin na'yu (or ne-u), I put co!"), them in the window, hu'i hatke' mok, a short petticoat (I). wi ha' o't mico, I gave him. kic mok, kic mo'k, short woman; wi inmi'co, I gave you. also a personal name, the name of wi ca'kmi'co, I gave them, Louison's mother; pi. kec mo'k- wi cukte'-i micu, I doctor somebody, mok. "I give medicine." kic mo'kat, she was a short woman ak hamic [ak hamish], give me water! (D-78). (E. D.). komo'k (D-77), ko'-mo'k, basket, kam hamic [cam hamish] give me "short ko." fire! (E. D.). ko'mok man, long basket, mic, to turn, to revolve. mu'kmuk ya' te'c, this hair is short, aknak mickit (or micket) ta-i'mi(n), okotka'-uc m5k, waistcoat, vest, there are eddies in the river.), "short shirt" (I), a'knax mickec, an eddy in the river, te'c mo'kmok, short hair. a"' mickec, around the house, m5I, a'iiut micke, around the house, ko'-ikin (h)atmolmo'lhico, I am ne hatmi'ckec, horizon (form un- gargling (ko'-ikin, in the throat).

certain) . mom, mole ("taupe") (perhaps "throw- ne'e wil (h)atmickec, the roots mon ing up earth" but more likely of the tree stretch out (from the from moc, to dig"); E. D. houm, tree) around, hooum, hoomm. pun tikmicke'co, I blow around mom okti'cat, the mole came and something, went, the mole had passed by yuki't pu'ns-micke'cts61, we blow ("a pass6 la"), around, momwa'fine, mole hill, "mole's mok, mo, to arrive, to come (sing, of road." na-u (cf. to come), (?)) 6, mon (L-10, 11, 19, 34, 40^ D-45, 60,65, icak konyu'ds ta°' caktewe', mo'kgt, 115, 129, 130); mo'ne (or mo'nc) another young man has come (D-125), all. with the others, ha' mo'nina'k micat, he gave to ye

ki'c mo'kat hipa' we hio'l we, a all. woman who has arrived with her ha cokmo'n, his property, "all his husband and boy ("une femme things" (D-126). qui est arrivee avec son mari et he'-eckit mon, every morning, gargon") (cf. we'het). hicokec kco' yi'lkit (or yi'l) mon mo'k-wa'nkit, (or mo' hat), he has ti'co, though I am sick I go out come (D-116). every day. !

82 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

icak mon, all men, the whole people, ti'k imo'ctin, until the funeral icak moni, i'cak muni, all of the (D-124). people, people, wi himo'c hito'lco, I prepare for ica'k ta'-ic o'kiS" yukitne mo'n burial, ialpe'hiulgt, strangers have come wi himo'co, I bury. and taken all of our land, wi ne'-ta'mo himo'cne, I dig a grave, ita'n mon, everywhere, wi cakhimo'co, I bury them, iti ma'n mon, the whole night, yuk'hi'ti cakimoc-ne'kin ha', not in ma'n mo°' pu'nso, I blow all along, the Indian graveyard (D-90). mi'lc kco' yi'l man coka'xkit, though mo'yura, mo'yu (L-4), pumpkin, he is blind he works all day. rauks, to be extinguished, out. mon hiyitsot, many are standing, kidsonc mu'kset, or mu'ktset, the mon ho'ktiwe pu'mlo, let us all dance fire is out. together mufi, rau", mofl, to smell, to scent mon nok'hu'let, we all lie down, we (cf. hima and ma); E. D. min, all see ye. mun (see nee). ne-mon, the United States, "the hiy3.n wa'fi cakmunckit, the hog whole country." roots about, the hog smells about, ne mo"' ko"', I have taken the whole ne'e mu'n, nic mun, ne'e mu'fi (I), earth ("j'ai pris toute la terre"). pine, "fragrant tree"; E. D. nic ne mon 3'alpe'hiul6t, they have taken min [nishmin], nic mun. the earth ("ils ont pris la terre"). ni'c-mo'n eii {or e'nek) ekco'lulet, ne mo'ukin wa'iita, I am to travel the}' tarred a man. into all countries, nic-mon en wi ikco'lo, nic-mon e'nik ne 'n itans 'n icak 'n moni, the world, wi co'lo, I rub tar with. "earth, heaven, and all people." co'k mH'n, bedbug, "smelling thing." ne'e wi'l mon (h)atmickec, the roots wic he'-u mu'nco, I smell some of the tree stretch out around, things, ntl'n ti'xt mun wa'nu, I walk every- wic mu'nmunco, I smell all around, where in the village. wic mu'nco, I smell something, nA'fi-uc mo'n, the whole city, n, na, personal pronoun of the second co'k mo'n tsa'xk, everything is dry person, used independently or as a ("aU the cloth"), prefix; nak, plural prefix, nakit, coxmon, everything (D-48). independent plural pronoun of the cu'l mon, all dogs (I). second person; E. D. natt, thou, ta'-i mo'n, the whole river, thee; naak, ye, you (pi.), uc mon he'he {or ehe'c), my whole ha ni cakiol, this is my husband body is aching, (A. R.) (probably "this is your

wi mon caktsa^'co, I, push all things, husband"), yi'l ma'n m5n, the whole da\^ 'nhu'-u ha, I do not see you. yu'kit mon a'mlA, let us aU drink! nkemc ko, you would wish to row. moc, to dig, to bury. nlo'-i {or inlo'hi) cokia'kinto, I help ha' nu'nkin imo'culat, they buried you eat. her at her home (D-89). 'nto'l a', be it well with you. (D-68) himoc, imoc (D-125), burial, funeral, cok 'nka'a, what is the matter with imo'culat, they buried him (D-124, you? 125, 126, 127, 130, 133, 136). iya'fi imo'cti(xt), she lies buried hiu'xtsat na', hiatu'xtsat na, I re- ' there (D-89). membered (you). kiwi'lc cakimo'c ne'nkin imo'culat, kaukau na pi'xka, are you thirsty? they buried her in the French na am, you drink; na-ic a'm, j-ou cemetery (D-92). drink now. ta'm himo'c, to dig a grave, na a'mghg, you (sing.) will then titti himo'ct ito'lc, ti duimoc it5'lc, drink. to prepare for burial. na' a'ii o'tskiu, thy high house. . .

GATSCBETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 83

na' a' DC 5'tskip, yonr house is high, ya' cu'l na kin, that dog belongs to na' e'n hatse-uwa'n(h)icat, I forgot you. your name, na e'fike, j-our name, you have a nakla'klak, be strong ye! name, na'k mpe'tsta, are you tired? na e'fike a', have you a name? co'k (h)iwine'at nakc na'k kanwa'n- na gnco'koi, na'-ic (or nac) Cnco'koi, cAn, I found something but will you are chief, not tell you what, na fencoko'j-et, you have been chief, ya'c nak tu'taihe'xc, you do this na ha'yuat, you were laughing (I), for nothing ("tu fais 9a pour na hitsu'mta, you are going to pinch rien"). me. na issgmtset, thy brother, naki't 5'mto, you all drink! na ictsu'mta, you are going to pinch naki't a°' nep, naki't a'nc nep, your us. (pi.) house is low. na' It la'kc, your face is dirty (I), na'kit icu'lt6m, you (pi.) have caught na iwe'-uckinto, I am going to make (a fish), fun of you. nakl'ti nakla'klak, you (pi.) are na' kSn, at your house ("chez toi"). strong, na' ke, you have, you possess, na'kiti naklakla'kat, you (pi.) have na la'k, na'c la'k, be strong! (sing.), been strong, na'na'-u ita'n na'-i (or ne'-i), where naki't na'klaklak'n, when you (pi.) did you put your shoes? are strong (fut.?). na nlak, you are strong. nakit na'kamghg, you (pi.) will then na nla'kat, you have been strong, drink, na' nla'k'n, when you are strong nakit na'konc, you (pi.) don't want, (future?) na'kit nakcoko'-in, while you are

na' no'rnc ma, where is your child? chiefs, na ncoko'-ins, while you are chief, naki't ntset, 3-our brother, na nu'k, yourself, thyself. na'kit nu'k, yourselves, na' o't, for you. naki't n wi tsutsa'lts61, we (ye and I) na o't pu'nsat, they blow at you. are kicking him (I). na' ca' a'm, or ca' a' n.a'c, or na caa, na'kit o'kt6m make'ne, na'kit o'kta who are you? make'-une, ye come to barter, na caktsu'mta, you are going to naki't o't, for you. pinch them, naki't pe'msta, are ye tired? na tsu'mta, I am going to pinch na'kit co'koi, na'kitic co'koi, you

you (?). are chiefs, na' te'm a'm, na' te'm S,'mat, you na'kit coko'yfit, you were chiefs, drank yesterday, nakit tsanu'k cakwinet6m nak caka'x- na ti'ct hiua'jo, you send me. lecat, did you find the horses na yi'16n na'mtikit, (na'-ict) yi'l6n which you lost? (D-58). a'mta (or 2,'mt6), you will drink naki't teko' tiu-lumlu'micta, go ye to-morrow, and roll this barrel! co'k nke'a na komho'pcki, what have naki't te'm naka'mat, na'kit (tem) you in your bucket? a'mtem, you (pi.) drank yesterday, te' nako'-i, you have to speak! get naki't yi'l?n a'mta, naki't yi'15n up to speak! (?). na'mtkit, you (pi.) will drink to- wi 'n na tsutsa'lat, you and I kicked morrow, him (I). nac, na'-ic(t) (sing.), naki't-ic(t) (pi.), wi 'n na tsutsa'ltsel, you and I are forms of the independent pronoun, kicking him (I) na'ic ipco'k, you (sing) are a doctor, wi n na tsutsa'lts6l, you and I will nac hi'lakc, you are wearied, kick him (I). nac 'none, you do not want. .

84 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

n, 'n (Lr-23), and, if. 'nhina'-ucSn, if you let me. abx 'n o'kgn ic5'm6h6, if you come cakwa'ntsSn, tell them! here we will then drink (D). cukia'xta ok'n, you come for eating, ha n wi tsutsa'lat, he and I kicked wi tici 'nwa'co, I send you. him (I). na, ha' n wi tsutsa'ltitit, he and I will hatna', how much? kick him (I), hatnax kan wa'cin a, hatnax kan hitet n oket, father and mother. wa'ci na, how old is he? John tanko'hi ya' lu'1-ici'hat, John na, to blow (?). jumped in and swam over, hino' na', it blows a whirlwind, kemc hi-a'-uc6n ika'-uts'n, if he had nagg, sun (E. D.) (cf. lak). not known how to row he would nagg aUiu, the sun is hot (E. D.). have drowned himself, nai (or hinai), to think, to believe, kec 'n cakio'l, women and men. thought (cf. wif). Kic-mok n Ponponne, Short-woman (h)ina'-i, thinking, thought, and Ponponne (D-70). ke'c cakcoke'c yo'xt wi ca'k'hinai, kic 'nto'lSn na'xkan ti'cfin, if you are I think that many women are sick a smart woman you will not go. ("je crois que plusieurs femmes kucme'l 'n cako' o'kgt, a negro and a sont malades"). white man are coming (given by ca coke'c ti'xt wi hi'nai, I think that Teet Verdine). someone lies sick ("je crois qu'il y nta'n, 'n tan, or (D-47). a quelqu'un de malade"). naki't n wi tsutsa'lts61, we (ye and wi hina'ygt, I think this, I believe I) are kicking him (I). this. ne n' ita'ns 'n icak 'n moni, the wi hina'yu, I have thought of that world, "earth, heaven, and all ("j'ai pens6 k 5a"). people." yi'l to'l tsa'k hi'nai, I think that it nti' n pit, catfish and perch (D-49). will be beautiful weather and dry odl 'n icti'hu ti'6h6 (or ti'une), when ("je crois qu'il fera beau temps et you are near we wiU start. sec").

61 'n o'k6n icti'u6he (or ti'une), if nak, to play (on an instrument). you come near we will start then, na'kcnen, a musical instrument like ciko'm 'n tsanu'k, cattle and horses a xylophone, from 2 to 3 feet long, (D-80). used in accompanying dances; cukwa'k 'n al, bread and meat the violin was afterwards so (D-76). called, and all other stringed te n 6, the bow and the string, instruments. wi 'n na tsutsa'lat, you and I kicked haki't naxcnfi'n, they made a noise him (I). with a stringed instrument (evi- wi 'n na tsutsa'ltsel, you and I are dently the same instrument as kicking him (I). above) wi n na tsutsa'ltitit, you and I wiU na'xkculat, they played the fiddle or kick him (I). violin (D-115). Yoyo't n Kic-yu'ts, Yoyo't and wi'na'kco, I play on (any) instru- Kish-yuts (D-84). ment, I play, etc. yu'lc io'-i o'k 'nu'xts a' 'n ta'nat 'n a, nak, to point. send me word whether you can wi'na'kco, I point to. come or not (D-43). wi wo'cik na'kco, I point with my -n, -en, finger. ha wa'ntsSn, tell him! wo'c nak, or wo'c na'kin, the index 'nhatpe'n icti'uhu (or -6h6), when finger. you are ready we will start, yan a" na'xco, I point at that (house 'nhii'nat hatna'xka pa'-ihiticnftna, far off). you have sent to find me, how can tiggs naggst, fingernail (E. D.) (cf. I return? Ak. semak [semacq], finger). .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 85

nak, to hear, to listen; E. D. naks hic'n-tset wet a hina'k kicet okia'- [nacks] (the "s" is evidently a suf- lul inak, it was as if brothers had fix). married sisters. haki't najfcnfin, they sounded (Lr-27). ilu' wocpe' latsi'k hina'ka, about hatna'kco, I have heard. sixty years, na'kco, I hear, I listen. inaka', inakha', not like, unlike, cakio'l ckali't haihai'c na'kco, I hear ne'e ta'l o'l ina'k, cinnamon color, a boy weeping. no'hamc-ku' hina'k, egg-shaped, "egg- co'kna'kc ha'xc, he doesn't hear. like." nak, like, very. to'hinak, just so, because, therefore eku'n nak o'ko, I arrive just now. ("c'est pourquoi"). eku'n na(k) ta'mo, I have just wl'c (h)aki't a' hina'ka he'-u hatu'-iv ascended; also I begin mounting. (or hatvi'v), I deem myself as high eku'n nak wa'nkinto, I begin to as they. walk, I walk just now. wic hina'kanto, I am that way elu' nak elu', intensely hot, "hot, very ("comme 5a je fais"). hot." wo'cina hina'kgt, they were as if ha'c hidso"' na'k hidso"', he is very naked, they were almost naked small. (L-23). he na'k he, he'x na'k he', very bitter, woe ke a hinak, ring shaped. very strong. ina'ha, looking like. iti' nak iti', it is very dark. ina'ha no'mc, that child far oflf. ke'-ucuxkinto na'kc ke-uciu'lkinto, I iti'c ina'ha, dusk. smoke while writing. ku'ts ina'ha, pink. ko"' nako"', ko"' nak ko"' heavy to ma'nc ina'ha, rectangular, square. lift, "heavy and heavy." talko'p i'naha, not much blue, sort of ko'p nak ko'p, very white. blue, ku'ts nak ku'ts, dark red. ti'ula ina'ha, let us go yonder!

96, 137), about, like, as if, of the nym of eiku'n).

same kind, thus, that much (L-32) na'kta iti', it is dark at this hour. hinak wito'-ul cukia'ko, hinak wi na'kta yi'l, now it is day, or clear

to'l cukia'ko, I have eaten enough weather ("a present il fait clair"). {or well), ya' hina'hino' na'kta hinahino' ict, hina'ka o'la, as near as that ("si one side (of the paper, etc.) and proche que ?a"). the other side ("on this side and I hina'ka pel, it is so far. now on the other side it is"). hina'ka wa'ci, hina'kan wa'ci, he is naxts, naxts (A. R.). that old (also said to mean "I naxts mafi, a small yellow-bellied am that old"). turtle. . .

86 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108 nal, ni,'l (I), sinew, ligament, tendon, na'-u katska'ts, na'-u ka'tskats (I), a'kitoc na'l ma'nman, spring frog, slippers, "longtJaighs." na'-u koko'p, stockings (whether inte' nal, throat ("1" almost inaudi- white or not) (I), ble), na'-u koko'p hatka'yicne, garters tuts na'l, calf of leg and neighboring (I), parts; ligament or tendon of foot, na'-u koko'p yulyu'l, striped stock- nal, to hunt (na'l, shallow water), ings, anhipo'n wa'n cakna'l'nto, I will hunt na'-u ma'nman, boots, "long shoes" rabbits (I). (I). wan na'l'nto, I will hunt it (one). na'-u tsi'k, pair of moccasins (I).

wi na'lo, I hunt it. cakio'l na'-u koko'p, a man's stock- wi cakna'lo, I hunt them. ings, socks. nal, shallow (water), low (water) (nSl, wi na'-u hika', I make shoes, to hunt.) na-'d', na'-u, hair, bristle, feather kaukau' nal, the water is shallow, (L-25), wool, fur (na'-u, shoe); kaukau' na'l ici'ho, I cross at low Ak. cok-nok [chocq nocq], feather water. (perhaps "something on the nal kau'kau, shallow water, wing"). tu'l nal, shallow water in lake, a'nhipon na'-u, anhipo'n na'-u', tu'l na'let, it is ebb tide (I) sheep's wool. tu'l na'lkit, the tide is ebbing. icak cokno'k-na'-u ekco'lulet, or icak nam (cf. ion). cokno'k-na'-uik co'lulet, they feath- ke'tne na'mts6l, we begged her to ered a man. remain (D-111). Kalna'-u, an Atakapa man. caknam hite'-u, a beggar, "liking to kat na'-A', katna'-u (Lf-24), beard, ask them." moustache, "mouth wool." wicakna'mu, I beg. katna'-u hatlacne, katna'-u hatla'cnS, nats, worm, maggot, and all sorts of razor, "beard shaver." insects, na'-u o'xox, na'-u o'hox (L-8), na'-u na'ts ca°ca°', caterpillar, oho' (L), chinkapin, "sharp bris- nats yilj'i'l, lightning-bug, firefl}' (I). tles" (probably referring to the nats, hull) (D-47). ha' cok-okina'tsne, his arms or na'-u ta'-u-wala'lckit, the feather is weapons (D-129). waving. hak'hi'tic ok-ina'tstilat, they begin na'-u ta'-u-walwa'lctit, many feath- to fight (D-144). ers are waving.

ha'ncgnto hokina'ts, stop fighting! tot {or li'l) (bird) down. na'-u , hokina'ts, hukina'ds (I), battle, no'-ai, Alabama Indian (A. R. did hokina'dc hanc, after the battle, the not remember this word), said to battle ended (A. R.). mean "chinkapin swamp man," hokina'dc ha'nckit, they end the no being apparently a contraction battle. of na'-

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 87

haki't na'-ulh6n, they will arrive, or teyo' hiya'p ne, put the box right when they get there. there icna'-uts6n, we will arrive, or when wi am ina'-uc, let me drink! we get there, wi icak cakina'-uco, I put some men yuki't eku'n nak na'-uts61, we arrived in prison ("je mets des hommes just now, at this hour. (dans le prison) "); sing, inu'lco. na-u, ne, na-i, ne-i, to let, to allow, wi ko°' na'-u, I make stand, I grasp to cause ,to make, to keep, and place it {or stand it). am na'-uc, let him {or her) drink! wi lopna'-u, I stick up something, (S.'mlu, let us drink!) wi maka'-u na'-uco, I let {or make) am cikna'-uc, let them drink! it fall, a'nka't pa'-ic na'-ulat, they left the wi ok na'-uca, I let come, door open (D-123). wi ca am na'-uco, I let somebody a'n-katmo'kin na'yu {or ne'-u), I drink, put them in the window, wi te'c manma'n hatna'-uco, I let my ho'xp na'-ulat, they left a hole hair grow long, or I wear my hair (D-139). long, ikunyu'tsip ina'-u cakna'-ucul ha', wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, I they would not let others go in put the box on the chair. (D-118). ya' okotka'-uc ko'n-ina'-u, bring that ina'-u, I let. shirt inside! (I).

ina'-uco, I turn you loose, I let you na-u, to borrow (pi.) (?). go. cakhatna'wat ti'k cak, to go to ask icak tsanu'ki i'ni cakna'-uc, let men credit ("aller demander le credit"; search on horses (D-59). "j'emprunter"). kau'kau na'-utne {or na'-u'ne), rain- ne, low, lower; usually in the form nep water tub, "to keep water in." (pi. ne'pnep) (cf. ne, earth), ko'mok ya'-u cakina'-ucne, or ko'- a nep, in this bend, "below here"(?). mok ya'-u cak'ha'ne, fish basket an ne'p, a low house, (cak'ha'ne, to put in), ha' a°' nep, his {or her) house is low. naki't S'mto, let ye drink! drink ye! haki't a°' nep, haki't a'nc nep, their na'na'-u ita'n na'-i {or ne'-i), where house is low. did you put your shoes? icak ne'kin pa'ko, I strike a man low. na'-uc, let! kau'kau nep, the water is low. na'-uctikit, we will let. naki't a"' nep, naki't a'nc nep, j^our na'-ucto, I will let. house is low. 'n hina'-ucfin, if you let me ("si tu ne' o'ts o't, from below up. me laissais")- nep kaukau', low water, cakinauct a^'lak, they put them (in nep ke-uko'-ikinto, I speak low while prison) sitting, pu'mul na'-u ha'kit ica'tip hatna'- nep pu'nso, I blow downward, inst hati'dsom, when they danced ne'e net hi'ko {or ne ti'ko),*I climb they put feathers on their heads, down from the tree (net = ne o't). cakina'-uc, I put into (prison) (sing. nee pol tsat net, the log is floating of obj.). fast downstream, cakinauct a°'lak, they put them (in net tsat yu'l manman, striped verti- prison) cally, cakina'-uculat, they placed them (in no'k nep, lower arm. jail) (D-148, 149). pa'k ne'p ket, track, footprint (of cicakna'-uca ko'mc ha'xc, I don't let man or animals) them hang up. wi kato' ne, mv lower lip, my under ciko'm a'mcikna'-uco, I let the cattle lip. drink, wi ne ti'co, I go downstairs, "I go teyo' a'v {not a'p) ne, put the box downward." right here wo'l kica'n ne, lower eyelid (I). 88 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOS

yuki't a°' nep, yuki't a'nc nep, our ne'ckoltu li'linS, sugar press, sugar house is low. miU. ne, ne (I), land, ground, countrj'; E. D. ne'cpa'l ne'kin tlo'p ta't, a post n6. driven into the ground, icak ne-pu'mc, a plowman, ne'e teka'mc neyu'c, brush fence ica'k ta'-ic o'kia^ yukit ne mo'n ("clos fait avec des branches"), ialpe'hiulSt, strangers have come ne talanka'-u, sloping, slope, slanting, and taken all of our land, leaning, kiwi'lc cakimoc ne'nkin, in the French ne' ta'mkin, in a grave (D-124). cemetery (D-92). ne'-tamna,°, shovel, spade, "with lo'filonc (ne) makau', lo'nionc (ne'- which to make a hole in the kin) makau', the lightning strikes ground." the ground, (ne-ta'mo) te', hole (L). ne hatmickec, horizon, ne tutsa'lc, I stamp with my foot ne hikau' nakwa'nta, or ne hikau' (=ne tuts tsa'lc). hatwa'nta, I am going to travel ne tlo't, small elevation, "butte". into all countries, ne' wa°p a°', or ne'wa a", brick house, ne hu'i, in the ground (D-135). "earthstone house." ne-iwa'nc, an earthquake (I). ne-yu'ckin, in the field, ne i'wevc tanu'k, a mile, "one land ne-yu'c ne-po'm, plowed field, measure." ciko'm ne-pom(ne), plow oxen, team ne'kin, on the ground, of oxen. ne'kin ta'mc, grave in the ground (I). Tsa'yon ne, Mexico, "Spanish coun- ne ko", I have taken the earth ("j'ai try ("dans le pays espagnol"). pris toute la terre"). tso'-ots neyu'c, cornfield, ne mak o'tsip ti'cta John tewe(ta), ta'-yip ne, island in river. I will go to the mountain with wi a°' ne-tsa'xkip, my house is on John (I). dry land, ne mak o'tsip ti'cta wi itet tewe'ta, wi hitet ha ne ive'vcat, my father I will go to the mountain with my has measured his land, father (I). wi' ne hiko'kicat, he has taken my ne mon, the United States, "the land from me. whole country" (I). wi ne'e ne'kin tlo'po, I stick a post ne mo"' ko°', I have taken the into the ground, whole earth ("j'ai pris toute la wi ne'e tlo'po ne'kin, do. terre"). wi ne-yu'ckin pakna'-u ti'co, I run ne mon yalpe'hiulSt, they have across a field, taken the earth ("ils ont pris la wi oket tsi'pcat Tsa'yon ne' ot, my terre"). mother removed to Texas {or ne mo'nkin wa'nta, I aha to travel Mexico), into all countries, wic ne po'mo, I plow; pi. wi pom- nen o'l, nearly home (D-108). po'mo, I plow repeatedly upon this ne 'nitans 'n icak 'n moni, the world, spot, upon this place. "all people in earth and heaven." ne pom, a plow, ne' uici, the earth {or land) is large ne-po'mne, a plowshare, (E. D.). ne-ci'ck (I), ni-cick, salt. nemakhau, ne makhaau, lightning ne-cic(k) ka'-une, salt cellar, "to put that "strikes the earth" (E. D.). salt into." ne, ripe (pronounced a trifle shorter neck-ol, ni'ck-ol, sugar, sweetening, than the preceding one), ne'ck-ol ak, nick-ol ek, molasses, he'-u ne, many ripe fruits, "sugar liquid." ne'ha, unripe (fruits). ne'ck-ol tu, neck-ultu, nick-oltu, ce'c ne'kin, fig season (July), neckotu', sugarcane, "sweet salt tepu'k ku'tskuts ne'kin, plum season

cane." (before July ). gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 89

tepu'k ne'kin, peach season (Juh')- ne'cik hipa'kat, he hit me with a neklagg, hill (E. D.) (perhaps this club (?). contains ne, earth). ne'e ipa'xc, saddle, "wooden seat" nel, tongue; E. D. nedle. (D-132). nelkitson, partridge, quail (i.e., the bob- ne'e i'c, a rotten tree; pi. ne'e i'c white) (E. D.) (perhaps itson = little). he'-u, ne'e i'cic, rotten trees. nee, ne'e, ni'c (L-2, 3, 35), tree, wood; ne'e icol, wooden nail, see kagg (E. D.). ne'e katska'tsicne, plane ("rabot"). ehe'-u ne'e, gum tree (D did not ne'e kaukau' otse po'le-wa'nkit, know this word), wood floats on the water, hila'n te ne'e, big laurel, inagnolia(?) ne'e ke'-ukatskatsicnto, I plane off. ("gros laurier") (described as a tall ne'e ki'iicne, a small saw, ("passe- tree with white flowers and no partout pour scier"). spines), ne'c-kine ta'me, a lumber mill, "what kako'k nicta'mc nit, five-rail fence, saws the wood." ko'n ne'e, hackberry, "heavy wood." ne'c-ki'nc ta'me a°', saw cutting- ku'ts-pa'kico ne'e, I chop the tree house (D-135). down ? ne'eki ta'mtsat tamhe'-ue, the spider

li'l ya' nee, this wood is soft, goes up the tree, li'la ne'e, china tree, ne'e ko'k, a crooked stick, a crooked lo'nlonc ne'e k5'n5t, lo'nlonc ne'e piece of wood, ko'nkit, the lightning struck the ne'e ko'ts, nickots, stump, "cut tree, tree" (I), "cut wood." ne'e ak, green tree; pi. ne'e a'kc (?). ne'e ko'tso, I cut wood, ne'cak, sawdust, nee kuts, red oak, "red wood." ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'^c, wet ne'e la' wine, firewood, wood doesn't burn well, ne'e li'l, soft wood; pi. ne'e lilil. ne'e a°', wooden house, ne'e ma'k, a knot in wood, ne'e a'n, soap, "stick grease." ne'e-man ne'e (long leaf) pine, ne'e a'n hika, I make soap, nee mon, nic mxin, ne'e mu'n (I, L), ne'e S.'n hima', sweet smelling soap, pine tree; E. D. nic min [nishmiin],

ne'e S,'n himat to'l(ka), the soap nic mun. smells good, ne'e mon 6n, tar, "pine grease." ne'e a'nik hatsa'-ukco, I wash with ne'c-mo'n e'n (or e'iiek) ekeo'lulet, soap, ni'c-mo'ii e'n ekeo'lulet, they tar- ne'e hatsa'tskit, the wood is cracking, red a man. ne'e hets, big log, thick firewood nee-mon en wi ikco'lo, nic-mon en wi ("grosse bAche"). ikeo'lo, nic-mon e'uik wi co'lo, I ne'e he'-u ko'tso, I cut a heap of rub tar with, wood, ne'c-mun nee, pine tree, "fragrant ne'e he'-u lau'kit, a lot of wood is on wood tree."

fire, ne'e na tanu'k ko°' iya'-u, you lift a ne'e he'u po'lpol o'kit, much wood stick at one end. comes floating, ne'e net {or ne o't) hi'ko (or ne ti'ko), ne'e he'-u cakta'mo, I climb many I climb down from the tree, trees, ne'e pa', wooden mortar (I).

ne'e himam la'wi^i, I have burnt a nee pa'l, ne'e-pa' 1, (1) shingle, board, cord of wood, (2) wagon, cart, "flat piece of

ne'e hi'cu, I plant a tree, wood" (?). ne'e hidso'm ke-ucaku'dskit, I whittle ne'e pa'l hidso"', ni'c pa'l hidso°', (1) on many sticks, small board, (2) carriage, buggy ne'e hidso'n ke-uku'tskit, I whittle off ("voiture"). from a stick, ne'e-pa'l idso^'kin, in a carriage ne'e ho'pcne, a big auger. (D-46). . . . .

90 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (bull. 108

ne'e pa'l lumlu'mic(t), ni'c pa'l ne'e tewa'c manma'n, magnolia tree, lumlu'mic(t), wheel, "turning "broad leaved tree" (I), board." nee to'ltol, hard wood, "good wood"; ne'c-pa'l lumlu'mckit, the wheel sing: nee to'l. turns, ne'e tlo'pne, post, ne'cpa'l ne'kin tlo'p ta't, a post nee wal, wooden floor and ceiling, driven into the ground, ne'e wa'lc, floor of room, ne'e pa'lpal, pa'lpal, shingles, sawed ne'e wa'nne, footlog, bridge, boards; ne'e pal, a shingle (pal=: ne'e wa'e, leaf of a tree; pi. ne'e flat), te'wac. ne'e palpa'l a'nkin, in a plank house ne'e wa'e tat, brown, "leaf yellow" (D-74). (color of dead leaves) ne'e palpa'l hidso'm, small shingles ne'e wi'l, root, (cypress) ne'e-wi'l ka'mkamc, the roots stand ne'e pa' wa'k, pestle (I), out from the tree, ne'e pe'-u, wood swelled up. ne'e wi'l mon (h)atmickee, the roots ne'e pe'-ukit, the wood swells up. of the tree stretch out around, ne'e pe'wico, I swell up the wood, ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I carry wood in ne'e po'1-tsa't ne't, the log is going my arms, down stream, ne'tatat nee, an orange tree, ne'e ci'xt, bucket, pail, pa'kan nee, pecan tree. ne'e eokiulcnS, pencil (I). pa'ktsa':je ne'e, pa'dsaxe ne'e, ne'e coxkita'-une, scaffolding, scaf- pa'dsake ne'e, pa'ktsa'kc nee, fold, pa'ktsaj^e nee, hickory tree,

ne'e eoxkita'-une ka'-u, I erect a ce'c nee, fig tree, mulberry tree (?). scaffold, eiwat te ne'e, prickly ash ("arbre ne'e tsi'k tsika'dip, between two avec des piquants," "frene pi- sticks. quant"), ne'e tso'mc, cane ("baton"). eukco'c pa' ne'ekin, the bird's nest ne'e taka'mc ickS,'m, large thick is in the tree, limbs, texlk la'k ne'e, sunflower stalk, ne'e taka'mc neyu'c, brush fence te'xlk ne'e, all flowering trees (and ("clos fait avec des branches"), also the climbing jasmine) ne'e taka'-ue ickSm, a large thick tiu-pa'mt6t ne'cik, the one going to limb, beat with a club, ne'e ta'l, bark, to'pict ne'e, oak tree, "acorn tree." ne'e ta'l kima'ti, fiber bark, "inside wi ne'e ko'tso, I cut wood, I chop bark." wood; freq. wl ne'e kotsko'tso.

ne'e ta'l o'l, cinnamon ("cannelle"). wi ne'e kutsnahik ta'mco, I split with ne'e ta'l o'l ina'k, cinnamon color, a knife, ne'e ta'mo, I climb a tree, wi ne'e ne'kin tlo'po, I stick a post nec-ta'mc, rail, "split wood." into the ground, ne'e ta'mc6t, a split tree, the tree is wi ne'e pa'-ieik ta'mco, I split with split; pi. ne'e ta'mtamc6t. an ax. ne'e-ta'mc ka'kok, a rail fence, wi ne'e tamta'mco, I split (the same ne'e ta'mc ne', wedge, block) into several pieces, and I ne'e te', a wooden bow (I). split many logs (each separately), ne'e tSka'mc, (1) brushwood, (2) tree wi ne'e tlo'po ne'kin, I stick a post limbs ("des branches"). into the ground, ne'c-teka'me kamka'mc, the limbs wi no'k pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I stand out from (the tree) carry an armful of wood, ne'e teka'-uc, branch, twig; pi. wi'c to'hia nespa'lkin, I get into a teka'me. carriage, ne'e te'xlk tat, the tree is blooming, ya' ne'e puhitse'eta, I am going to the tree stands in bloom. jump over this log......

gatschkt] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 91

jal ka'nmiin ne'e, post oak (D did not wi nUa', my grandmother, know this word) niltaks (niltax), Akokisa word for necoum. [neshooum], Indian corn (E. ship, vessel (see tu). D.) (of. tso'-ots). nima, to kill; E. D. namma. netswopst (C), netskopst[netsc6pstJ hinima'haxc, or hinima'ha, don't kill (P), wild cat (or lynx), catamount; me!

Creole, pichou (E. D.) (cf. cake). hiyS'n he'-u nima'-at, (he) killed

ne'tatat (not ne'tat, in sg.), orange hogs. (probably from nee, tree, and tat, hiyS'n he'-u caknima'-ulat, they yellow) killed many hogs. ne'tatat iekS.m he'-u, large oranges hiyS'n nima'-at, a killed hog (?). ("grandes oranges")- hiyg'n nima'-ulat, they killed a hog. ne'tatat nee, orange tree. hiyS'n tem nima'-utsSl, we killed a hog 3'esterday. ya ne'tatat, this orange ("eelle orange"). John co'xko-i pa'm nema'-at, John beat the chief and then killed him. nia'I (I), nial, nyal, wild cat (not pichou) kucmel nima', the negro killed, kucme'lik nima'at, a negro has killed nihu, to lie down; E. D. holli. him (kucme'lik is here the subject) pi'lkin ni'hue, I lie down on the bed. ("un negre I'a tu6"). ti'kni'hue! go and lie down! ("allez- nima'ko'xc a'-uculat, they could not vous couchezl"); pi. ti'u no'kicnts! kill him (though they wanted to) or ti-u no'kicnts. nima'-u, I kill. wi' ni'hua, I lie down; pi. mon nima'-utsfil, we killed (D-66). nokhu'let. noha'mc he'-u ca'knima'-u, I kill nik, nik, teat, milk; E. D. nik, milk, many chickens. ni'k eja, butter. Palna'l hila'-i wa'ci kic pa'm nimat, niku'ts, nipple; E. D. nikidst, teat, Palnal's wife, the old woman, beat female breast. him to death (L-IS). nik'ha'-u, nika'-u; to run after, to Pa'lnal hila'-i wa'ci pam-nimat, pursue, Palnal was killed by his oldest nik'ha'-u, I run after something or wife by beating (L-18). somebody, wi no'mc nima'-ulSt, they have killed nik'ha'-ut, he runs after it (?) my child ("ils ont tu6 mon ciwa'n nika'-ukit a'npakc, the cat enfant"), ran after the mouse, wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat tik'hu', I co'k nik'ha'wu, I run after something went to the place where they had or somebody. killed a beef. nikiil (C), nikib [nickib], woman, wife nifi, ni'n (I), louse. (E. D.) (cf. nik, "milk"), nin tsU (D.), nl^ tsH (A. R.), smaU ha nikiil [ha nickiil], ha nikul, his wife lice, ticks (?); perhaps means (E. D.). "louse egg." nikiil-icpe [nickiil-ishpe], girl, young nishtomam [nichtoraam] or nishto- woman (E. D.). mann [nichtomann], lizard (E. nikiil yol [nickiil iol], the woman D.) (cf. ma'kets). is wicked ("mechante") (E. D.). nit, (1) thorn, (2) honey locust wi nikiil [ou6e nikiil] (C), ue nickib, ("garofier"). my wife (E. D.). nit (D-97, 148), nit, five (pronounced nikc, gum, for chewing; E. D. niks like word for "thorn"); E. D. (cf. nik, milk), nitt. nil, nila, grandchild, grandmother, hika't ni't ya' ha'l coki'n wi'(c), I ha' nfl, her grandchild (D-90). am five and a half feet (tall), ha cakni'l, her grandchildren (D-86). kako'k nicta'mc nit, a five-rail wi ni'l, my granddaughter. fence. 66784—32 7 ". "

92 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BCLL. 108

lakla'kc nit, five dollars. no'k kam, noka'm, shark, "fin stand- ni'tsfim, five apiece, five to each. ing out." ni'tip, five times. no'k ko'tsti, left arm (I), ni'tip hipo'nso, fivefold. no'kna'-u, nokna'-u, hair on. armpit, halg niitt, fifteen (E. D.). wing feather (I), feather; pi. hehinnitt, fifty (E. D.). caknokna'-u he-u. no, spoon. no'k nep, lower arm.

no, to whirl (?). no'k o'ts, upper arm. hi' no, i'no, whirlwind. no'k cuk, elbow (I); Ak. seksa hino' na', it blows a whirlwind, [secsa] ("coude"). noha'mc, no'hanac, domestic fowl, no'k cuk ko'tsti, left elbow (I), chicken; E. D. tsi'kihk. no'k cuk wo'cti, right elbow (I). noha'mc a'yip, turkey, "chicken in no'k te'-u, shoulder; Ak. est. swamps" (L-5); E. D. skillig. nok te'-u me'lmel, no'kte-u me'lmel noha'mc a'yip hatania'ns, wild tur- (L-6), also nokte'-u me'l and key ("un dinde"). nokte'-u, goose (tame and wild), no'hamc hatpatspa'tsicat, the chick- "shoulders {or ends of wings) en is fluttering (poising for a black" ("dont les ailes sont flight). noires"); E. D. enetst. noha'mc he'-u ca'knima'-u, I kill no'k wo'cti, right arm (I), many chickens. oko'tka-uc man no'k, coat sleeve. no'hamc icom, little chickens. wi no'k pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I am no'hamc kic, hen (I). going to carry an armful of wood, noha'mc ko'-ikit, the rooster crows nok, to lie down (plural) (cf. nul). (I). ti-u no'kicints, ti'u nokicnts; they no'hamc ku', hen's egg. lie down. noha'mc ku'-at, the hen is lajdng nox, horn. eggs. no'x teka'mc (I), no':^, tgka'ms, no'hamc ku' hinak, egg shaped. antlers, "many prongs. noha'mc ku' ilu'c, a boiled egg coko'm no'hik ima'nkit, the cow ("oeuf bouilli"). pushes with the horn, noha'mc ku itsa'-i, fried eggs, ome- co'kom nox {or nox), the horns of a let. cow. noha'mc ku' ko'p, white of egg. n'ox, 'n'o', en'o'x (D), face paint, red; noha'mc ku' ta'l, egg shell. E. D. o'fg. noha'mc ku' tat, yolk of egg, "yellow hatiu'lco 'n'o'hik, they painted them- of egg." selves red (L-24). noha'mc ku'-ulat, hens laid eggs. 'n'o'kuts, vermilion. no'hamc ca'kiu'l, rooster, "male noxco' or na'-uco, brier (of any kind). fowl" (I). (der. from ox(?)). noha'mc caku'at, hens lay eggs. nol, means something connected with noha'mc utspa'xc, a setting hen. the bank of the river, or a hill ciwa'n noha'mc cakcoco'mcat, the along the river (cf. neklagg in cat scared the chickens; sing, of E. D.). obj., coco'lcat. No'lkop, a boy of Louison's named nok, arm, wing, fin; akna'k (A. R.); from the above; perhaps "White E. D. and Ak., nok [nock (C)], arm, bank. and perhaps appearing in Ak. word nomc (Lr-37, D-38a, 63, 65, 80, 99, for feather coknok [chocq nocq]. 102), child (word used by both nok at, armpit (I). sexes) noka-une', no'ka-une (I), wing of a' nomc, ha' nomc, these children, bird. ha cakno'mc, her children (D-85). no'k ha'l, tail fin. hac no'mc tami'k ipu'ts ke, he has no'k kam, fin; pi. no'k kamka'm. but one child. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 93

ina'ha no'mc, or no'mc pel, that naki't ntset, your (pi.) brother. child far off. wi hicintset hilai, my brother's wife, ki'cec no'mc, little girls ("petites my sister-in-law. fiUes"). wi ic6nse't, wi issintset, my brother. kic no'mc he'-uc, a woman who has wi ic6nset hidso'm, my younger many children, brother, "my small brother." ki'c no'mc ke'-at i'ti ilu', t?iis woman wi ic6nset yuds, wi iss6ntset yuds, my had a child last year, elder brother. na' no'mc ma, where is your child? yuki't ntset, our brother. no'mcsgm, children alone (D-107). nte-i, to scare (see c6(l)). no'mc tanu'k haihai'c hi'kit, a child wi nte'-ito, I frighten somebody. is coming down weeping, wi coco'lc hinte'hi ha'nulet {or no'mc ta'nuk ipu'ts, but one child, ha'nulet), they came near scaring no'mc temak itlo'pctit, the children me to death, kneel, nt'i', ndi' (Lr-5), nti' (D-49), a'ndi,.

no'mc wa'n-haihai'ckit, the child is catfish, and fish in general. There weeping (I). seems to be considerable doubt cakio'l nomc, bo3-s. whether this word or ya'-u was the Tsaxta' hakit no'mc ica't cakpalpa'l- generic term for fish, each ap- icat, the Choctaw flattened their parently having a specific as well children's heads, as a general application. ndi' caklu'c, to'kc no'mc a°ka'mcne, ball for ndi' ca'kluc (I), scales of fish. children to plaj- with, wic icu'l ndi', I catch one fish; wi no'mc kSwe't, my child is dead,

cakicau' (ts61) , wi no'mc nima'-ul6t, they have killed we catch them. ntul, (of river) my child ("ils ont tu6 mon en- mouth (cf. ta, tohi, fant"). and in). ta'-i ndu'l, ta'-i ntu'l, mouth or pass wi no'mc tsik cakitsyutsickinto, I of a river, raise two children, nuk, self. wi cakno'mc, my children (D-64). wi nu'k, myself (and I alone). wi cakno'mc wan-anka'mctit, my na nu'k, yourself (and you alone). children are playing (I). ha' nu'k, herself, himself, by herself ya' no'mc, those children out there. or himself (D-89). non (?), to visit, to walk (pi. stem?), yu'kit nu'k, yuki't nu'k (D-108). haki't ti'u cak'no'nhulet, they took a na'kit nu'k, yourselves. walk, they went out (visiting), ha'kit nu'k, themselves. cakno'nso, I (visit), go about, out of haki't tsik nu'k, their two selves. doors {not no'nso). ti'k cakno'nso te'm, I took a walk hiku' wi nu'k tik i'ka ko', I want to .yesterday out of doors, make soup myself, ti'u-sakio'ns icwa'n6h6, we will start leak ha' nuk, a man alone, "a man to go and visit (D-46). himself." yu'kit tiu cak'nonsts61, we take a we nu'k hatkolko'kco, we nu'k walk, we go outdoors. atkolko'lco, I rub myself, no'o'ho, (I), no'hoho, no'-oho chestnut wi nu'k hatsa'mo, I bite myself. (perhaps intended for chinkapin, wi nu'k hatinu'co, I hide myself. see na'-tl'); E. atsail. D. wi nu'k hattsa'nco, I push myself. ntset, nset, hicntset, issentset wi nu'k ke'to, I stay by myself; pi, brother, tu'xtsfel. haki't ntset, their brother, nul, to dwell, to live, to remain, to be ha 'ntset, his {or her) brother, left, to lie (pi. of ke) (cf. nok). hic'ntset, brothers (L-21). a nep nun nulti'hinst, (they) in- issentset he'-u, brothers, habited villages in this bend {or na iss6ntset, na icentset, thy brother below here). . . .

94 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY InUIL. 108

ickali't-nu'1-wilwi'lhicnto, I rock a wi nu'n o't (or u't) pa'-i hiti'c(t) ko, child lying down. I want to return home to my nu'lip, left there; tixt, lying. village, nu'l ka't n, when laying the founda- wi nti°' u'ckin ke'ta, I stay in New tion and making a mill (D-136). Orleans,

nu'l ket, settled. yuk'hi'ti ntln h6ts, great Indian vil- nu'l ta'mtin, when digging a founda- lage (hatanians may be added), tion (D-135). yuk'hi'ti nu° hidso"' (or hidso'm), nulti'hinst (L-1, 2, 14), nultehi'nst, small Indian village. they lived, they were settled, they o, 6, string, cord, rope; to thread; Ak. inhabited. ok. (but see ok),

ntl'nketntat, she lived (in a wooden ka't kec 6, bridle, a rope of horsehair house) made into a bridle. nu'n nulti'hinst, to live in a village. kokokxic(t) o', fishline. o'k-inu'lulat (D-125), okinu'lulat (D- o hSts, big cord, 114), they gathered (together). o hidso"', small cord, pak-nu'lo, I leave a footprint; o' kc-ma'nico, I take and stretch a pa'm-nu'lo, I leave many foot- cord ("je I'ai 61onge"). prints. te n o, the bow and the string, pam-inu'lulat, they left many foot- te o, bowstring, prints. tolho'pc hokico'mik o°'yu (or o'ne pa'm nu'lip ti'xt, tracks of many or o'ne), I thread a needle ("j'en- lying there. file une arguille")- pam-ti'xt inu'lulat, they left many wi o' ko°'-ko'mico, I relax a rope (or footprints lying there. a cord) (I), wi ya' nu'ltihinst, I live or exist wi o' ko°-ma'nico, I stretch a co there ("je vis Ik," "j'existe 1^"). (I). num, on the side (cf. ino'). 6, on the edge of, on the bank of, near num tanu'k ite'wo, I ride on one (cf. o'ci, on the edge of, which side. indicates still greater nearness.) n

where in the village. (6h6), if you come here we will nM-u'c, nu'n uc (I), big village, city, drink, town ("ville"), New Orleans. eku'n nak o'ko, I have just arrived; nAn-u'cip coko'-i (or co'.xko-i) kitsa'k pi. na'-utsel and o'kts&l. S,'m-kaw6t, the village judge was ha' hi'la-i a'v o't'6h6, his wife will drunk. come here, nii'n-uc mo'n, the whole city. hakit cakyi'kcta o'kulSt, they came nu'n uc wa'nne, street. for buying, tu'l ntl°, village on the (upper) lake ha' ko'-ita' o'kat, he came for talking, ("village sur le lac (sup^rieur) "). ha' o'k hi-u'at, he came to see me. .. .

GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 95

(h)a' o'kit, he {or she) is going to ok make', to swap, "to come and come ("il (elle) va venir")- swap." hio'k ax, I did not come ("je ne suis o'kmg, to come (A. R.). pas venue"), o'knto, come ye here! hicoke'cia, hioka'?cat, hicokecip hio'k ok'nu'xts a', whether you can come a'xcak, because I was sick I did (D-42). not come, okcak'hu'ulat, they went to see them, hiti we', come with me! they visited them (D-122). (h)u'kak, u'k-ak, source, spring, okcSkia'lat, he came and arrested

"water coming" (?); E. D. aggti- them (D-148). hou. o'k ya, they came (o'kia° is a wrong i'cak iko ko°'ulet, or ha'kit icak form) ko^'ulet, they had a man arrested o'k ya pe'neat, he came and cured (or seized) (iko given as meaning (D-56). "coming down," but it may be ol ictiwe ok, come with me! come "wanted him" or ko° doubled), near me! ica'k ta'-ic o'kia° yukit ne mo'n o'l i'wat, it comes nearer, ialpe'hiulSt, strangers have come ol 'n o'kfin icti'uShS {or ti'une), if and taken all our land. you come near we will start, Jack kaukau' o'k a'mkit, or Jack o'n, come here! ("viens ici!"). kaukau' o'k a'm'ne, Jack comes ot, at (said to be derived from this here for drinking water. stem) John pu'm hik'hu'lkit, John is jump- pai-o'k, pa'-i o'k, come back! ("viens

ing, John comes jumping (?) (I), done!"), coming back (D-76). kakau' itsi'(k) iwat, the sun rises, cakiko'mta o'ko, I come for fishing the sun comes up. (cakiko'm and cakiko'mne can also ku'ltan okti'cat, a long time has be used), passed, a long time has come and co'kai 'n-o't ha'xcnan, why do you gone, not come here? (o't = this way). lo'xkin iwa't'n, he came on the prairie cukia'xta ok'n, you come for eating, (1^35). cu'kike tu' iwat, the boat {or canoe) m5'm okti'cat, the mole came and comes from below ("la pirogue va went, the mole has come by ("a venir d'en bas"). pass(5 la"), tsanu'k wi o't iwat, the horse comes na'kit o'kt6m make'ne, or na'kit toward me. o'kta make'-une, ye come for bar- te'wike tu' iwat, the boat {or canoe) tering, comes from above ("la pirogue va na o't pu'nsat, they blow at you. venir d'en haut"). 'no'kne, you to come (D-42). u'k a'mta, come to drink! 'nt'ha' ike o'k'n, 'nt'a'-ike ok'n, wi hitet hio'kna o'nc, my father does where do you come from? not want me to come, nya'-uta 'no'kne, I will wait for you wi kSn pa'i o'kta John tewe, I will go to come, home with John (I) okhu'-ulat, they went to see them, wi o'k na'-u ca, I ask them to come, they visited them (D-122). wi ok cak i'nu, I let somebody come, okhu' ya, they came and looked at wi o'ko, I come. him and (D-116). wi o't pu'nsat, they blow at me. o'kia'-uc, I can not come, wi pai' o'ko, I return home, oki'nat, he has come to hunt for (me). wi payo'ko, wi pai' o'ko, wic pai oklnSat, he has come to hunt for iwat, I return, I come back, (something), ya' icak akipai-i'ke ot, this man o'k ichu', come and see us! (D-68). comes from the south, o'k-iu'xts, I can come, I am able to ya' i'cak hiki'ke ot, this man comes come from the west (hikike = hike-ike). 96 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ya' i'cak ho'lcike ot, this man comes hu'i okotko'mc, hu'i otka'-uc, under- from the north, shirt. ya' i'cak to'like ot, this man comes it'he' okyu'l, neckerchief, "neck from the east, handkerchief," necklace (?). ya'-u ti'k-hi'ok'n, wait till I come! ka'-ico okotka'-uc, I mend a shirt. yi'l iwa't'n, in the daytime he came kako'k tim, picket fence. (Ir-36). ki'n hico okotka'-uc, ki'nxico okotka'- yu'kit hatu'xtsicta o'kit, we come for uc, I have ironed a shirt. learning, kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin te- yuki't pai' o'ktsen, we return home, ho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a hole yu'lc io'-i ok' nuxts a, send me word in my coat. whether you can come or not! ku'ts oki'-ya'-u, red flag. yu'lc caki'n o'k, a written invitation o'ka ko'p, white cloth (D). to come to visit (D-42 (title)). oketa [oqueta], a covering (Ak.). a ogghe, a okgh6, he comes (E. D.). oketasen [oquetasenne], pants (Ak.). -o, -u, subjective pronominal suffix of ok'hi'a, ok'hia', sail (of a boat). the first person, ok hidsa'm, a double {or thick) hatpe'-o, I am ready, blanket (I). hi'cu, I plant, o'ki ka'n (I), or o'ki ka, canvas (kan, pa'lu, I break or split, "is made"). pa'mco, I have beaten. o'kin, in a blanket (D-126). pa°hi'co, I close, okico'm anicna, wax ("cire"), "to wi pa'mico, I throw away, grease thread." wi pa'tso, I squeeze, okico'm, hokicom (A. R.), thread, wi penio, I have healed him. ("perhaps from ok and icom"). wi pi'co, I make crooked, okmesl [ocqmesle], a blue or black ofg, oofg, red (E. D.) (see 'n'ox). covering (Ak.) (Rivet has "white- oi, o-i, to sleep; E. D. oi; Ak oit(e) or black" but I adhere to the New- [oyte]. berry Library copy for obvious eti' a' o'yu, yesternight I slept here, reasons.) o'i ti'xt, he lies asleep, o'kok, fence (L), (see kak). o'-i yo'x, they lie asleep, o'kotka-uc, okotka'-uc (I), shirt; pi. wi' oi', I sleep, okotko'mc (from ok, "cloth," ot yuki't o'-ita, we will sleep ("nous "for," ka-uc, "with?"). dormirons")- okotka'-uc hatpa'ts imi'cinto, I will yuki't tiuo'-ilo, let us go to sleep wash shirts for myself (D says this ("allons dormir") (ti-u, going). is wrong). o-i, to send. okotka'-uc (i)nte' tsuxl {or tsu'l), cakyu'lc cako'-i ayi'l, a letter sent shirt collar. to-day. okotka'-uc i'cak he'-u cakcopats cakyu'lc cako'-i ha', a letter not sent. (h) imi'cinto, I wash shirts for cokiu'lc o'-iu {or o'-yu), I sent him a others. letter, okotka'-uc ke'-upa'tsnto, I wash a cokiu'lc cako'-i-u, I sent them a shirt. letter, okotka'-uc ko"' ina'-u tsa'xk, take wic o'-i, I am sending, back a shirt for it is dry! ("rentre yu'lc io'-i o'k 'nu'xts a' 'n ta'nat 'n une chemise, elle est seche"). a', send me word whether you can o'kotka-uc man, oktka'-uc ma'n, come or not (D-43). coat, overcoat, "long shirt." ok, o'ka, oka' (D-121), to weave o'kotka-uc ma'n ho'pc, coat button- ("faire au metier"), blanket, cloth, hole. etc. (possibly compounded of o, okotka'-uc ma'n ko'm-tat, an over- cord, and ka, to make). coat hanging, an overcoat hung

ho'kicom tu'kc, a spool ("une pelote up (lit. standing erect). defil"). oko'tka-uc man no'k, coat sleeve. . . . gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 97

okotka'-uc mok, waistcoat, vest, 61, 5'1 (D-63), near, close, near to "short shirt" (I). ("pres de") (pronounced nearly okotka'-uc nte' tsu'l, shirt collars. like word for "sweet"). okotka'-uc pa'tsSmo, I wash a shirt; a ol, near here, pretty near, close by. pi. okotko'mc ca'kpa'tsfimo. hakit o'l caktiwe, close to them, okotka'-uc tsa'ki-u, I dry a shirt. hina'ka o'la, (it is) as near as that okotko'mc catki'nhico, I iron many- ("si proche que ga ") shirts. kakau' itsi'xne o'l, the sun is on the o'k yu'l, handkerchief, also any point of culminating, the sun is striped cloth. soon going to culminate, ok yul hokin (L), handkerchief, nen o'l, nearly home (D-108). "striped cloth." olhika'-u, I am hungry, "I am on the okyu'lik, with a handkerchief point of dying " (?). (D-121). olhika'-u ha', I am not hungry, o'k yul ickam, shawl, "broad hand- ol isktiwe ok, do not stay behind! kerchief" (I). come with me! sakio'l-cukoke', pants. ol i'wat, it comes nearer. ca' ta° ha' okotka'-uc pa'tsSmo, I 6'dl 'n icti'hu ti'6h6 {or tiune), when wash one shirt for another (per- you are near we wiU start, son). ol 'no'kgn icti'u6hg (or ti'une), if you tsa'kina-u okotka'-uc, I dry a shirt come near we will start,

(?). cko'pol, soup bowl, any large-sized tolho'pc hokico'mik o°'yu (or o'ne bowl (see ckop) or o'ne), I thread a needle ("j'enfile wai' o'l, near the stone. une arguiUe"). 61', sweet.

tu' ci'l ok'hia' ke, the schooner has a ko'nSn o'lol, konS,'n olo'l (L-4),

sail, sweetpotatoes; sing. ko'nSn o'l. wi ke'-u-hoka'kinto, I sit weaving (I). neck ol, nick ol, sugar, wi ke'-u okcoka'kinto, I weave many ne'ckol-ak, nick-6l-ak, molasses, things (perhaps from ok, "cloth," ne'ck-ol tu, neck-vU tu, nick-ol tu, cok, "things," ka, "to make," ne'e koltu' (I), ne'e kotu', ne'e -kinto, suffix). kultu', sugarcane, wi okakinto, or wic ke'-u-hoka'kinto, ne'ckoltu li'linS, sugar press, sugar I weave. mill, wi okotka'-uc ke'-u-pa'tsnto, I wash ne'e ta'l o'l, cinnamon ("cannelle"). a shirt (I). ne'e ta'l o'l ina'k, cinnamon color, wi okotka'-uc-ma'ii li'kc, my coat is cu'kwak olo'l, cu'kuak olo'l, cu'kuak used, my coat is worn out. o'l (I), cake, "sweetbread." wic okotka'k ikili'kic {given as wi cukwak idso°' (o)lol, pie, cake, cokotka'k ikili'kic), I soak the "sweet small bread." cloth, 61', 61 (L-8), persimmon, plaquemine.

ya' okotka'-uc ko'n-ina'-u, bring ki'wilc o'l (I), kiwilc 61', apple that shirt inside! (I). (" French persimmon ") okc, cheek; E. D. okst [ockst]. ki'wilc o'l ne'e, apple trees (L-3). o'kc al, cheek, o'1-tu'ko wi a'n ot, o'l tu'k'ho wi a'n o'kc al atku'tsicne, red paint for ot, I bring home a persimmon. cheeks. ofl (L), grass; E. D. ognn (C), eggn (P). ox, 6x, sharp, thorny (see noxco'). on ho'mhom, prairie chicken (I) (see kudsnS,'n o'x, a sharp knife; pi. enkewict).

kudsnS'n o'xox. on il, a serpent striped green and na'-u o'xox, na'-u o'hox (L-8), yellow, na'-u o'ho, chinkapin, "thorny o'n-lau'kit, the grass burns, bristles." on tsax, on tsa'xk, dry grass, hay, o?:o'?, o'xo'?, briars. straw. . . . .

98 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

on tat, grass green; E. D. onntatat. hatutska'-ucne, veil over the face on yan, herb green, 3d green (o'm of a child at birth, caul (ka-u, to yan, (incorrect)). cover) oni {or o'ngi) (said not to contain o, hi' cat o'ts he'xkit, the top of the cord) head is smarting. hatakinS,"' o'ni, a cord or string of Inkili'c ta'-i o'ts, on English Bayou beads. (D-94). o"'uc, icak o'tsi pa'ko, I strike a man high. paihe'ts o°'uc, too big [it is?] ("trop It utska'-uc, face covering (D-120). grand"). it utska'-uculat, they covered its oiic, face over (D-120). ©"c, to dislike, not to want. kakau' ita'ns utskau'cat, the sun is wic io'fic, I do not want; past clouded over (or covered), hio'ncat; future hio'nctikit. kaukau' o'ts, on the water, nac 'no'iic, you do not want, kaukau' o'tsep, high water, high yuki't ico'nc, we do not want; past tide, ico'ncat. na' a'nc 5'tsip, your house is high, naki't nako'nc, you (pi.) do not want, na' a'n o'tskin, your house is high hakit cakonc, they do not want. (he'-u added for plural) ne mak o'tsip ti'cta John tewe(ta), kiwi'lc yuki'ti cako°'c

wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, I a' nut micke, around the house, put the box on the chair (D). ha' ot mi' cat, he gave him. wi utska'-uco, I cover something ha' yu'kit ot icmi'cat, he gave to us. over. ica'k o't cak'ha'yu, I laugh at (many) w5'l kica'n o'dsi, upper eyelid (I). persons ("je ris de (beaucoup de) wo'c o'ts, back of hand. persons"), yuki't itet o'tsi tat, Our Father who mafic ot yu'l(yul), striped horizon- art in heaven. tally (as lines on ruled paper), yuki't ta-uhatwa,'ni Otsota't ot, we ne'e net hi'ko {or ne ti'ko), I climb pray to God. down from the tree (net=ne o't). otse', utse', odse', snake; E. D. okotka'-uc ma'fi, overcoat (see ok), natkoi. okotka'-uc ma'fi ko'm-tat, an over- a' o'dse, this snake. coat hung up, an overcoat hanging

kau'kau otse', water snake (I). up (lit. standing erect), noha'mc o'tse, chicken snake. o'l tu'ko wi a'n ot, o'l tu'k'ho wi odse' a, snake here. a'n ot, I bring home a persim- odse' hiki tsa'wfit, a snake has bitten mon, me. cakicak ut, of the relations (D-28).

otse' hatcima'lket, a snake coiled up tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye' (ket, sitting). lak, the horse is going ahead of otse' he'-u ci'utiutit, the snakes go the dog.

crawling. tsanu'kc me'ts i'ti cu'lut iye'mets, otse' hiwe'-u, rattlesnake, "powerful the horse is taller than the dog. snake." tsanu'k(c) cu'l o't iye' mets, the otse' ci'ukit {and ci'u), the snake horse is taller than the dog. crawls. tsanu'k cu'l o't iye' la'k patna'-u, o'tse cokte'-i hadie'c, snake venom. the horse runs more swiftly than otse' talko'p, the blue racer, "blue the dog. snake." tsanu'k wi o't iwat, the horse comes otse' wo'c6m, the snake is hissing (I). toward me. otse' yu'l, garter snake, "striped tawatwe'nat Utsuta'tut, they prayed snake." to God ("The-one-above") (otsi + ci'u tsat otse', the snake goes crawl- ot + tat, standing overhead), ing. tu'l o't nti'cne, you must go to the utse' mel, water moccasin, "black lake, snake." tu'l ta'yut {or ta'-i o't) iye' ka'c, Utse'x ta'-i. Serpent Bayou (now the lake is deeper than the river. known by another name). Utsuta'tut, to God (L-14, 15). ya' odse', that snake. wi ha' o't mico, I gave him. ya' otse' ci'u, the snake crawls; pi, ci'u. wi nu'n o't {or u't) pa'i hiti'c(t) ko, 6t, terrapin. I want to return to my village, ot (L-41; D-102, 104, 126, 142), ut wi oket tsi'pcat Tsa'yon ne' ot, my (L-12; D-28, 31, 142), toward, mother removed to Texas {or for, to, at (Gatschet derives this Mexico), from the verb o, to come; it is wi' okotka'-uc ma'fi ko'ma-u, I hang said to be pronounced almost like up an overcoat; pi. cak-komna'-u. the word meaning "terrapin"). wic ma'fi o't a'm'o, I drink all the wi' ot, for me; na' o't, for you; ha' time, o't, for him; yuki't o't, for us; wic ca' ot ke'-ucakiu'lckinto, I am naki't o't, for you (pi.); haki't going to write for somebody, I o't, for them, to them (D-86). write for somebody, ya ica'k o't ha'yuet, he has laughed a'knax te'-u o't, a'knax te'wat, up- at this man ("il a ri de cet hom- stream, where current comes from. me"). . .

100 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ya ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut (or o't) haco kotke' ho'p paiha'l, his pants yilke, that young woman marries have holes in the seat ("les panta- that man. lons sont fendus par derriere"). ya' tsi'k o't cakiye' lak, he is the icak paitolto'luc, many generous stronger of the two. men, "many too good men." yuk'hi'ti tu'l o't, to Indian Lake icak paito'luc, a generous man, "a (D-95). too good man." yuki't a'n ot tu'kto, we will fetch it i'tsixt katpa'-ict, afternoon, "return- home. ing from culminating." yu'l ki'-ipaxc o't, striped horizon- kitsak paihe-uc §,'m6t, I made myself tally. drunk, "I drank too much (ot)kine, whisky." wi oke't itso"' o'tkine'at, my mother 'nhi i'nat, hatna'^ka pa'-ihiticn^na, was next to the youngest (D-98). you have sent to find {or bring) otts, beaver (E. D.) (cf. ots, tooth). me; how can I return? ("tu m'as -p, -xp, -f, -V, a locative suffix. It is envoy^ chercher; comment puis-je uncertain which of the forms given retourner? ")

is nearest the original. pa'-i a'kc (or pa-i), back (D-110). ap, af, av, here, at this place. paiha'l, pai'hal (I), behind, the af ok, come here! buttocks, ha hila'-i a'fSt, his wife was here. pai hatna'xuc, too little. ha'kit ica'tif hati'dsom, they placed paihS'ts o"'uc, too small, on their heads. paihe'ts u'c, too large, hiwe'-uka a'mif, on account of drink- pa'-i he'u-ti'c, pa'-i he'-uc, too much, ing hard. pa'-i (h)iti'cko, I want to go (home), Jack a°la'kin inho'lcilat a'mif, on ac- I ought to leave {or depart), count of drinking hard Jack was pa'-i mo'hat, she came back home put in jail. (D-109). tik axp pem, shoot (your) arrow pa'-i o'k, come back! ("viensdonc!"), right here! coming back (D-76). pa, pa'k, nest, probably "hollow". pa'-i tic, go back! ("va t'en done!"), itsak pa', anthill ("nid de fourmi"). pa-ito'lucat, he was too good (D- mifi pa, bee's nest; also given as 104), "wax". paya'kc imo'culat, they buried it noha'mc utspa'xc, a setting hen, "a again (D-136). hen upon nesting" (?). cak'konpa'vo, I turn over (pi. of cakco'c pa, nest of bird. obj.). cukco'c pa' ne'ckin, the bird's nest tik'pa'yat, she turned back (D-107). is in the tree. wi atpa'-i, I turn something around, tamhe'-uc ha' pa'kin ta'mtsat, the wi ipS,n payo'ket {or pa-i o'k6t), my spider goes into its nest. cousin has returned, pa, mortar. wi ka.n pa'i o'kta John tewe, I will go ne'e pa', wooden mortar (I). home with John (I). ne'e pa' wak, wooden pestle (I). wi nu'n o't {or u't) pa'i hiti'c(t) ko, pa' wak, pestle ("pilon"). I want to return home {or to my wai' pa', stone mortar (I). village) wai' pa' wak, stone pestle (I). wi payo'ko, wi paio'ko, wic pai iwat, pa-i, to return, to turn, again, back I return, I come back, ("deretour"). ya' icak akipai-i'ke ot, this man akipa'-i, "where the sun turns" comes from the south, (A. R.), the south. yuki't pa'i o'ktsen, we return home, akipa'-ike icak, a southern man. "we come back home." akipa'-iu ti'cta, I am to travel to the pa-i, south. pu'n pa'-ico, I blow off. GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 101 pa-i, to open (cf. pak). icak o'tsi pa'ko, I strike a man high a'nkat pa'-ict, a°'kat pa'-ic, open the up. door! (t often suppressed), ka't o'ts pa'kgt, she slapped her on a'nkat pa'-ic na'-ulat, they left the the mouth (D-144). door open (D-123). ku'ts-pa'pico ne'e, I chop the tree

ko°pa'-ico, I draw out, I pull out (?). down, cokiu'lc pa'-ico, I opened a letter; ne'cik hipa'kat, he hit me with a pi. cakpa'ico. club (?). te'lk atpa'-ic, the flower opens out. pa'kat, pa'kgt, a slap, a kick, a hit ai hopa'i, butcher, "one who divides ("unsouflflet"). meat," "one who cuts from each ciwa'n anpa'kc ko'nkit, the cat other." catches the mouse,

wi hopa'yu, hokpa'yu (?), I divide, co' pa'kc co'pakc, palpitation of the I cut up meat ("je partage"). heart, the heart is beating, pa'-ict, chopping implement, wecik hipa'kat, he hit me with a club, pa'ict hg'ts, pa'-ict e'ts, big chopper, he clubbed me. ax. wi' a'n pa'kco, I flap my ears, pa'ict hidso"', little chopper, hatchet, wic kuts-pa'kico, I chop the tree wi ne'e pa'-icik ta'mco, I split with down, " I cut it with blows." an ax. wi co' pa'kc hika', I have palpitation pak, footprint (of man or animal), of the heart. track, step; pi. pam (cf. pakna'-u). pak, to throw (cf. pam) (he hit and kic tanu'k ta'xn ot ikat pa'kgt, one threw them?), M'oman stepped on the foot of pak-cakpa'kicat, they (he) threw another (D-142). them (into the lake) (D-146). lu' pampa'mcg, to tramp around in pa'kan, pecan. the mud. pa'kan nee, paka'n ne'e (I), pecan

pa'k ne'p ket, footprint (?) (human tree. or animal track (I)), "a footprint pakna'-u, to run (perhaps from pak, lying there." "footstep," and na'-u, "to arrive"; pak nu'lo, I leave a footprint; pi. cf. akna). pam. hiwe'-uka pakna'-u, I run hard, pa'm inu'lulat, they left many foot- i'ti pa'kna'-u, I run before (some- prints, thing following me at about equal pa'm nu'lip ti'xt, tracks of many men speed). lying there, John pakna'-u tsat, John is running pa'mtampne, stairs, steps, "for as- (I). cending" (I). pakna'-u, I run. pa'm ti'xt inu'lulat, thej' left many pakna'-u wa'n nS.n hio'nc, I don't footprints lying there. want to run about, ca'kc5c pa'm, bird tracks, cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x hatipa'tsta'-i pa'mici'ko, I ford a river on foot, icat, the dog runs and turns a wi ikat 'npa'kat, you stepped on my somersault, feet (D-143). tsanu'k pakna'-u tsat, the horse is wi' pa'mtampne ta'mo, I ascend the galloping fast, stairs. tsanu'k cu'l o't iye' la'k patna'-u, pak, to strike, to beat, to hit, to slap the horse runs swifter than the (pi. pam. (q. v.)). dog. anpa'kc, a'npakc, a mouse, "flapping ti-u'xts pakna'-u, I run slowly, ears." wi ne-yu'ckin pakna'-u ti'co, I run anpa'kc hSts, a rat, "big ear flapper." across a field. ha' hipa'kat, I give him a slap ("je paktsa'kc, pa'ktsakc (I), paktsa'zc, donne un soufflet alui"). pa'ktsazc, hickory, leak ne'kin pa'ko, I strike a man low pa'ktsaxc hope, squirrel, "making

down. holes in hickorv nuts." , .

102 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

pa'ktsa'kc ne'e, pa'dsakc nee, pa'ds- ne'cpa'l ne'kin tlo'p ta't, a post axc ne'e, pa'ktsa'xc nee, hickory tree, driven into the ground, pa'tsal-cope (L-7), pa'ksal-co'pc, ne'e palpa'l a'nkin, in a plank house patcatso' (A. R.)> shortened forms (D-74).

of the word for "squirrel." nee pa'lpal hidso'm, (1) small cypress pax, to Hsten. shingles, small boards, (2) carriage, cok atpa'xc ha'kc, he doesn't listen, buggy, to'lka 'npa'xc6n, to'lka-anpa'xcSn, wi ka'-ucne pa'l'u, I break a comb; (imperative) listen well! ("ecoute wi ka'-ucne pa'lpal'u, I break a bien!"). comb in different places, to'lkat a'tpaxc, listen well! (pi.) wi ko° pa'to (L), wi ko° pa'lo, I have cakatpa'xc! (j'e). taken and broken it ("je I'ai pris pax, thin, fiat; E. D. paac [paash], slim, et casse"). lean (see pal), wi'e to'hia nespa'lkin, I get into a a'lc paxc, thin ice. carriage,

icak pa'^c; (pi.) pa'xpaxsh, a slender ya' ka-ucnS,' pa'l'at, this comb is or lean man. broken, icat pa'xco (L.), ica'tkin pa'kco, I ya' ka-ucn§,' palpa'l, ya' ka'-uc pa'l- flatten the head (of a child) (said pal, this comb is broken, this not to have been an Atakapa comb all broken. custom) pal, flat, level, even; pi. pa'lpal (cf. pax (L), pa'xe (D-42), seven; l!, D. pax and pal (to split)), paghu or pagho [paghou, pagho, eijftpa'l, cikpa'l, ci'ct pa'l, i'epal, a payghou]. bowl, a stone jar, a pot, a plate, pa'xwip, seven times (L). a dish, an oven(?). eixt pa'l hgts, ci'ct pa'l he'ts, icpal hallg paghu, seventeen (E. D.). he'ts, a great bowl, hehin pagho, seventy (E. D.). cixtpal man, "a long plate." hehin poon pagho, seven hundred Tsa'xta aihina'k icatkifi capa'lcita'- (E. D.). ha, they did not flatten their heads paxts, like the Choctaw (Lr-38). mi-inpaxts, menpaxts, mifipa'xts, Tsaxta' hakit no'mc ica't cakpalpa'l- rainbow; (mi-in said to mean icat (sing, pa'lc), the Choctaw "weak"); E. D. mi-inpanst. flattened their children's heads pal, to break, to split (cf. tsa(l)). (D-38a). a°'la'k pa'ii yanta'-ul6t, a°'lak pa'l- yuk'hi'ti ka hicpa'l, Indian made hi ya' nta'-ulat, they have broken dishes, out of the prison and left ("Us ont yuki'tic no'mc ica'tkin pa'lit (or casse la prison et Font sorti (ceux pa'ltit) ha, the Atakapa did not enferm^s) "). flatten the heads of their infants nee pa'l, ne'e pal, (1) a shingle, board, (L-37). plank, (2) wagon, cart (said in one Pa'lnal, a chief on Middle Lake place to signify "flat board, "and (1^16, 17). if this is correct pal, "flat," is pam, to beat (pi. of pak (q. v.)); E. D. related to this stem) pi. nee pa'lpal. pamm. ; nee pa'l hidso"', ni'c pa'l hidso"', ha icat pa'mlikc mon, his head

(1) small board, (2) carriage, entirely mashed by pounding buggy ("voiture"). (L-19). nec-pa'l idso"'kin, in a buggy (D-46). hila'yi ta'xnik pa'mat, his other wife nec-pa'lkin to'hio, I got into a wagon, beat him (L-17). I entered a wagon. John eo'xko-i pam-nema'-at, John ne'e pa'l lumlu'mic(t), ni'c pa'l lum- beat the chief and then killed him, lu'mic(t), wheel, "turning board." John killed the chief by beating. ne'c-pa'l lumlu'mckit, the wheel ko° hipa'mulgt, I was seized and turns. beaten. . . . .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 103

Palna'l hila'-i wa'ci kic pa'm nimat, pats, to wash. Palnal's wife, the old woman, okotka'-uc hatpa'ts imi'cinto, I will beat him to death (L-18). wash shirts for myself. Pa'lnal hila'-i wa'ci pam-nimat, Pal- okotka'-uc hatpa'tsico, I wash shirts nal's oldest wife beat him to for myself. death (L-17). okotka'-uc i'cak he'-u cakcopats pam (h)okpa'miculat, they knocked (h) imi'cinto, I will wash shirts for each other down with their fists others. (D-145). okotka'-uc ke'-u pa'tsnto, I wash a pa'mkamne, hammer. shirt (?). tiu-pa'mt6t ne'cik, the}^ are going to okotka'-uc pa'tsfimo, I wash a shirt; beat with a club. pi. okotko'mc ca'kpa'tsgmo. wafi-cakpa'mkox, she went around ca'k 'ncu'pats hi'mic ti'kit, who is desiring to beat them (D-79). going to wash for me? ("qui va wi hite't hika pa'mSt, my father laver pour moi?"). beat me. ca'ta" ha' okotka'-uc pa'ts6mo, I wi hite't hiko°' hipa'mgt, I was seized wash one shirt for another. and beaten by my father. wi okotka'-uc ke'-u-pa'tsnto, I sit wi pa'm eto'lco {or hito'lco), I have washing a shirt (I). beaten and shaped, I have pre- pats, to whip. pared {or arranged) by beating. hipa'tso, he whipped me. wi pa'mco, I have beaten, I have icpa'ts ha' hat, he did not whip us struck, I beat, I strike. (D-103). pam, to throw, to sow. pa'tsic, a whip (I). wi pa'mico, I throw ("je jette"). wi'pa'ts, I whip (wi ca'kpats, pi. I throw away; (pi.) cakpa'mico. of obj. (not pa'tspats)). wi tso'-ots pa'mic, I sow Indian pats, to flutter. corn. hatipa'tsic, a somersault (I). pa'mhoka'-i, cocklebur (large) (see no'hamc hatspatspa'tsicat, the chick- tsipal) en is fluttering, or flapping its pan, pazn, pa°, to shut, to close. wings, poising for a flight. a'nkat-mo'k pa°'hico {or pa'xnico), pa'tspats (word used in the Hiyekiti I close the window; pi. cakpa'xn- or eastern dialect), wind, air; ico. (some copies of the Duralde a°'kat pa'hict {or pa°'ict or pa'xnic), manuscript have palspals, evident- shut the door! (t often suppressed) ly an error). a^'katpans, (1) window, (2) shut the cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x hati- door! pa'tsicat, the dog runs and turns a'npanc, deaf, "ears closed." a somersault. kic a'npanc, a deaf woman (I). wi puhatsipa'tsica, I turn a somer- kic iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf girl sault ("je fair la culbute")- (I). pats, icak a'npanc, a deaf man (I), wi pa'tso, I squeeze (as an orange). icak iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf boy pa'tite'-u, cotton (cf. te'-ute-u, rice, (I). and no'k). wi wo'c hatpa'xnico, I clasp my pa'tite'-u hi'c, cotton plant. hands. pa'tite'-u co', cottonseed. pa"ts (perhaps from pan or pac) wi pa'tite'-u hi'cu, I plant cotton.

a'tpa^tsne, shield, protector(?) (D- pa-u, to swing, to whirl (cf . pats) 131). atpa'-uctit, swinging themselves (pi. pac, cover. subj.). kaka'-u iwe'vc pac, cover of watch, hatpa'wicinto, I am going to balance ci'xt pec, lid or covering of kettle myself. ("couvercle de la chaudiere"). hatpa'wicne, a swing (I). wo'l pa'c, eyelid. kaukaii' hatpa'-u, tlie water eddies. . . .

104 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

pa'-u, I whirl something. woe pe' tsi'kip, twenty times. ta'nstal hatpa'wico, the paper whirls woe pe' lat (L), woe pe' la't (D-96), about. thirty, ta'-u hatpa'wickit, I swing standing woe pe' himato'l, forty, up ("sitting" would take ke-u in- woe pe' latsl'k, sixty (D-88). stead of ta-u). pel, far. ti'xt hatpa'-uckit, I swing lying in a a° ya'n pe'ltat, a house stands far hammock. off.

wa'-i ta-upa'ukit, the stone is swing- hatna'ka pe'l a, how far is it? ing (like a pendulum); pi. -tit. hina'ka pe'l, it is so far. wai ta'-upaupa'-utit, many stones no'mc pel, that child far off. swing. oket {or huket) pe'l, stepmother, wi ta'-u-hatpa'wickit, I balance my- "distant mother." self (I). pel ha, not far (D-68). wi wa'-i konpa'wic&t, I took and pel hatu'ne, a spyglass, "far looker." swung a stone (like a pendulum) pe'l kankit lo'nlonc, or pel lo'illoc pe, to finish (cf. pix). ka'nkit, it thvmders at a distance, a'm hatpe'ne-o, I finish drinking. pe'l tsat, he goes away. hatpe'-o, I am ready. ya' pe'l ket {or ya pe'ket), that one iti'yilc petst kahiya, iti'yilc petst sitting far off. kawia, last month. yuk'hit itet pe'l, our stepfather

ityi'lc pe'het, it is a half moon. (D-101). 'n hatpe'n icti'Ahti {or -6h6), when pern, pe'm, pern (D-131), to shoot, a you are ready we will start. gun, a rifle; Ak. pemtir, cannon. petst, over, out, gone, given out. (h)okpe'mulat, they shot at eaoh cakitsa'-e he'-u j'^a'-e-hatpe'nets6I, other (D-147). we fry many and eat enough. pem he'ts, cannon, "big shooter" (I), (cok)ampe'-o, I have stopped drink- pem katsi'k (I), pem ka't tsik, ing (pi. of obj.). double-barreled gun, "gun with cukiaxpe'-u, I finish eating up. two mouths" ("fusil a deux wan atpe'-at, I stop walking. coups"), wan pe'-ulat, they stopped walking. pem kaukau' hu'i ko'hitsat, a gun wic ya hatpe'ne-u, I finish enough. sinks in the water (I), ya'-e-(h)atpe'netsel, we will eat pem mo'k, pe'mok, a pistol, "a short enough (D-51). shooter." ya hatpe'kSt, I am sitting here pre- ti'k a'xp pe'm, shoot (your) arrow pared {or ready) right here! yal-pe'yulet, they finished taking all; ti'k pem, go and shoot! (pe-, through, finished; yal, pi. of wan-hokpe'mkin, when they shot at obj.). each other (D-147).

yi'l hiwe'-u petik {or pe'tek) yi'l, wi pe'mu, I shoot with the rifle {not Monday, "day when powerful wi pgm pe'mu).

day (i. e., Sunday) is finished" yu'l cakpe'm, to shoot at a spot (D-149). (yul, spot, dot). * woe pe', wuc pe' (D), ten, "fingers pen, pan, male cousin (A. R. did not

completed." remember this word) ; E. D. penn, woe pe'ip, ten times (L). sister, woe pe' ha tanuk, eleven. pe'n ta, the other cousin, woe pe' ha' tanu'kip, eleven times. co'k-hipen, friend, woe pe' ha' tsi'k, twelve. co'k-hipen ha, enemy, foe (but not woe pe' ha' lat, thirteen. in war) woe pe' ha' himato'l, woe pe' ha'I wi ip3.n payo'ket, my (male) cousin imato'l (D-87), fourteen. has returned. woe pe' tsik, twenty. . . . . I GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 105

wi pen, my male cousin (wi ipSn?) ka'tpic, crooked mouth ("qui a la wi cokipe'n, my friend (I). bouche tournee en travers"). wee penne [ou^e penne (C)], wi penn, ke'-upi'ckinto, ke'-upi'cinto, I am my sister (E. D.). going to twist or contort. peni, to heal. pi'c ho'pcne, a gimlet, a borer npe'niu, I have healed you. (pic, to turn the top of the gim- ok hu'ya pe'neat, he came and let) (I). looked at him and cured him pits, crooked. (D-116). u'ts pic, crooked nose; pi. u'ts pi'cpic. pe'nene, for curing (D-57). wai' pi'c ho'pcne, a borer made of wi pe'niu, I have healed him. stone (I). yuk'hi'ti ipcok o'k ya' pe'neat, the wi pi'co, I make it crooked; pi. pic- Indian doctor came and cured pico. (D-56). yu'kit tso-opi'cints61, we twist (stand pet (cf. pe) (pet (sing.), pem (pi.)), ing) (fut.?). naki't pe'msta(?), are you (pi.) tired? pitsiyu', pidsi'u, pits-i'u, pi^dsiu, nak npe'tsta, are you tired {given as chigoe, red bug, harvest-mite. mpe'tsta) pit?, pixt, pi't (L-6; D-50), perch, the (wic)hipe'tst ha, (I) am not tired. patasa of the Creoles. (wic)hipe'tst ina'ha, (I) am tired. po, narrow ("^troit"); pi. po'po (rib- pe-u, to swell. bons, paths, etc.); E. D. poo, ne'e pe'-u, wood swollen up. narrow. ne'e pe'-ukit, the wood swells up. o'po, ribbon (evidently should be popo) ne'e pe'wico, I swell up the wood, cukwak pe'wic, raised or yeasted o'po yul, {evidently po'po yul, striped bread, ribbons) piggh, to dance (E. D.) (see pux). po', po, po'x, pu'x, to smoke, to mist, pix, to die (see pe) to drizzle, smoke; E. D. ci [shy], icak ka'-u capix, dead men, a'n po' a'n, smokehouse (in which to i'cak capi'?k, icak capi'xk, spirits or smoke meat), souls of the dead; also dead bodies kidso'nc po'kit, the fire smokes. ("lesmorts") (D-121, 140). ko'tspon-nt'ha'nS", ko'tsispo"' ita"- i'cak capi'xk cakla'wiul-ha'hat, they nS,, chimney, "cut into for the never burned the dead, smoke to go out." kaukau' na pi'xka, are you thirsty? po' kidso'nc, smoke of fire, are you dying for water? po'kit, it is smoky, kitsa'k cak'pi'?:k, they drank whisky po'x he'-u, thick smoke, (D-145). ti'u^ts po'kit, it mists gently kitsa'k cakpi'xkul, they drank whisky, ("slowly"), cakpi'xkat, they died ("ils sont ti'-u po'kit, it mists hard {or "fast"). morts"). tu' po'-ip wa'n, a steamboat, "boat capi'xk, dead, moving by smoke." yuki't icpi'xn, we will die ("nous tu' po' wa'n, tu' po'p wa'n (I), mourons"). steamboat, "smoke-boat moving." pil, pe'l, bed (wal, bedstead). ya' pu'x, that smoke. pi'lkin ni'hue, I lie down on the bed. pa'lkin ti(xt), on the bed lying down ci taue' [shi thau6], the smoke is dis- (D-76). agreeable (cf. ci kombnst, fog) pi'l lumlu'mict, a roller on a bed (E. D.). (bolster?). pol, to float.

pistaggs (C), pittaggs (P) ; life (E. D.). nee he'-u po'lpol o'kit, much wood pic, to twist, to contort. comes floating. icak tso-opi'ctit, they twist (stand- ne'e kaukau' otse po'lc-wa'nkit, wood ing) ("ils tordent"). floats in the water (I). . . .

106 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

nec pol-tsa't net, the log is floating wucpe'ip hipo'nso, tenfold (I). fast down stream, wucpe'ip tsi'kip hipo'nso, twenty- po'lc, what floats on water, fold (I). ti'k kaukau'kin po'lc-wa'nkit, an arrow floats in the water (I). hiye'n pon, hi'yen pon, hi'npon (I), ya' po'lc wa'nkit tu'lkin, that floats hiA'npon (I), one hundred, on the lake ("cela flotte sur le lac"). hi'yen pon tsi'k (?), hi'npon {or hiu'n pol, to go fast, to gallop, to lope, po'n) tsik (I), two hundred, tsanu'k he'-u polpo'lxctit, the horses hiyg'n po'n tsa'ko'p (L), hiu'n po'n gallop, tsako'p (I), one thousand, tsanu'k po'lxc, a loping horse, hiye'n po'n tsako'pip, one thousand tsanu'k polpo'lxco, I lope the horse, times. tsanu'k po'lpolxc tsat, tsanu'k popo'x- hehin poon, one hundred (E. tsat, the horse is going fast, the D.). hehin poon hannik halk hannik, horse is galloping, the horse is one hundred and (E. loping (?). one D.). hehin poon happaalst, tsanu'k po'lxctit, the horse is loping. two hundred pom, to plow. (E. D.). icak ne-pu'mc, a plowman, one who hehin poon laatt, three hundred plows, (E. D.). hehin ne po'm, plow (I) poon tseets, four hundred ne-po'mne, plowshare, (E. D.). hehin poon niitt, five ne-yu'c ne-po'm, plowed field, hundred ciko'm ne-pom(ne), plow oxen, team (E. D.). hehin of oxen (I) poon pagho, seven hundred (E. D.). wic ne po'mo, I plow; pi. pompo'mo hehin poon tegghuiau, nine (referring to many fields or re- hundred peated action). (E. D.). hehin poon iolic [iol-ish], pon, to double, to fold (cf. kok, koc, one thousand tixt). (E. D.). hehin poon iolic [iol-ish] a'nhipon, anhipo'n (L-7), rabbit, and happaalst' two thousand (E. D.). (by derivation) sheep, sig. "folded ears," "doubled ears." p6-61, lowered in front (cf. pol). po'-ol anhipo'n na'-u, wool, "sheep hair." tsa't'n hu'-ulat, they saw afterwards that it anhipo'n ti'l, rabbit skin (I) was lowered in front (1-33). cokiu'lc hipo'nso, I fold a letter, poo, poc, to bleed. cokiu'lc hipo'ns, co'kiulc hipo'ns, a book, "folded writing." pock, po'ck, p'o'ck (D-56), blood; E. D. iggp. cokiu'lc hipo'ns yake'co, I sealed a letter, pock a°, po'ck on (I), veins, "blood house." cok-pon [chocponne], Ak. word for "paper." po'cka-u, I bleed somebody, po'ckit, the blood runs out. wi kon hipo'nico, I take and fold it. po'ck hita'-uc(o), I draw the blood out. tsi'kip hipo'nso, twofold. (I). p'o'ck tots hita'-uco, I draw the blood la' tip hipo'nso, threefold, out by suction; pi. of obj. cak'hi- himato'lip hipo'nso, fourfold, ta'uco. ni'tip hipo'nso, fivefold, u'ts hipo'ckit, or wi' u'ts po'ckit, I latsi'kip hipo'nso, sixfold, bleed from the nose, pa'xwip hipo'nso, sevenfold (I), wi i'tsk po'ckit, I bleed from the himato'l tsi'kip hipo'nso, eightfold lungs, (I). wi' po'ckit, I bleed. wo'c ico'l ha'nip hipo'nso, ninefold pots, to leave, to turn loose, to shoot, (I). (an arrow). J ! .

GATSCHETl SWANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 107

'npo'tsico, I leave you, I turn you wa'kpux, (1) to jump about, to hail,

loose, (2) grasshopper (L, A. R.) ti'k po'tsic, tikpo'tsic, (1) shoot the wakpu'xkit, it hailed, it jumped arrow! (2) turn it loose! about, ti'k po'tsico' o'tsot, I shoot an arrow wa'n-pum, when they were dancing up perpendicularly, (D-141). wic po'tsicu, I turn something loose, wi puhatsipa'tsico, I turn a somer- wic tikpo'tsicu, I go and turn loose, sault ("je fais le culbute"). yu'kit tiupo'tsicu, we go and turn wi'c ipu'xko, I want to dance, loose, ya' ne'e puhitse'cta, I am going to yv/kit tiucakpo'tsicu, we go and turn jump over this log (tsec, over), many things loose, ya-pu'm, mullet, ("jumping fish") pu, to be full. (ya'-u pum). tiyi'lc pu'kgt, it is full moon, yuki't iyi' ya' puhitse'ctsgl, we rose cict kaukau' pu'k, the pitcher is fuU and jumped over, of water. pun, pun, to blow. wi no'ko pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I hatpunpu'ns, porpoise, "blowing" am going to carry an armful of (sometimes ha'tpuns is said but wood. this is not as good), (ka'tpuns pux, pux, to jump, to skip, to dance; (L) is evidently an error.) pi. pum, pu'm (D-53, 141); E. D. hipii'nsat, wi o't pu'nsat, they blow piggh, to dance; illipi, to jump (P). at me. hi'yikpu, to rise and jump, to jump, hipu'nso, na o't pu'nsat, they blow hiyikpu'hu, hiyipu'hu, I jumped at you. over (man, frog, etc.). hokpu'nst(s)6l, we blow at each ichiyikpu'mtsgl, we jumped over. other, John pu'm hik'hu'lkit, John is jump- icteme'kin pu'nso, I blow into a ing (I). hat. mon ho'ktiwe pu'mlo, let us all dance kidco'nc npu'ns6n la'-u ka', blowing together the fire starts it. oyipu'xko, I want to dance, kopa'xcict pu'nso, gopa'xci'ct pu'nso, puhitse'co, I jumped over, I blow across (kipa'xc?, on flat pum-hik'hu'lculat, they jumped into side) (D-147). ma'n mo°' pu'nso, I blow all along,

pu'mptimc, pu'npllmc (I), bA'nbiimc, nep pu'nso, I blow downward, flea, "jumper." o'tsi ya' o'ts pu'nso, I blow over the pu'm ti'cto, you go to the dance, surface of (queried by D). pu'm ti'ulo, let us dance! pun ho'pco, I blow through (I blow pu'mul, pu'mudl (Ij-25), they danced, a hole through), ce'c pu'm wacwa'ci pu'm pu'mulat, puns-tik-micke'co (I), pun tikmic- they danced the dance of the ke'co, I blow around something, j'oung and the dance of the old puns wa'co, pu'ns'n ka'-u, I make (L-15). somebody blow, cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x hatipa'tsti'kpuns (I), dik-puns, dikpu'nsne, icat, the dog runs and turns a blowgun. somersault, tinsta'l kipa'xcip pu'nso, I blow cu'l puxini'kat kako'ki(n), the dog across the paper, jumped through the fence, wi pu'nso, I blow, cu'l puxitse'cgt kako'k, the dog ya hu'i pu'nso, I blow under; pi, jumped over the fence, he'-u pu'nso. tikpum ne'kin, at the dancing place yuki't o(k)pu'nstit, we blow at each (L-27). other, tikpu'mudl (or tikpu'mst), (where) yuki't pu'ns micke'cts61, we blow they danced (L-27). around. 66784—32 8 108 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108 puc, outside. a°' hiwe'-u ina'-u icak, a priest, "a a°'pu'ckin, outside of the house, man who enters the church." outdoors; not used of villages, ha' ica'k lu'kin tiktat tema'kip, this forests, etc. mail goes to stand in mud up to the pu'ckin, out of doors (D-64). knees; pi. tgtso't. Sa'mgdi, Sa'medi yi'l, Sarati' (D- hakit hukica'k, their relatives. 141), Saturday. ha cakica'k, their relations, her re- seksa [secsa], Akokisa name for elbow lations, his relations (Lf-29). ("coude") (see nok). ha wi cakiol (A. R.), ha cakio'l, this semak [semacq], Ak. word for finger is my husband. (See nak, tsox, woe), hiki'ke icak, a western man. skale', a bit, 12}4 cents, an escalin. hica'k ko'-ika, one who has con- skale' himato'l, four bits, sumption; perhaps also mumps. skau [scau, skaou (C)], duck (E, D.) ho'lcike icak, a northern man, (cf. cokno'k). hukica'k, hokica'k, relatives, "own skenne' fsquenne], arrow (E. D.) (cf. tik). people" (1^21). skillig, skilligg, turkey (E. D.) (cf. icak a'ii ha'xc, a man without a noha'mc). house. stigne', bear (E. D.) (cf. ca'ko). icak a'n he'-u ke, men having many ca (D-112), a person, somebody; i'cak, houses. ica'k, a person, persons (perhaps icak a'n ket, man in the house, originally plural as stated by one "man having a house." informant) (L-1, 15, 16, 25, 32; icak a'npanc, a deaf man (I). D-59, 61, 84, 112, 120, 121, 129, i'cak Ata'kapa, an Atakapa Indian.

131, 138, 140, 148) ; cak-, objective icak ha' -an, there are no men ("il prefix of the third person plural; n'y a pas d'hommes"); no men Ak. cak [chacq]. (I), na' ca a', or ca' a' na'c, who are you? icak ha' nu'k, a man alone, ca ha' e'nip wa'-uco, I call somebody icak ha'tse-ec (L), icak ha'tiec, a by name, bad man; pi. icak hatimec (D), ca ha'n, nobody. icak hatsimec, ica'k hatse'mec, ca' hatko'kco, I lend to somebody, ica'k hati'emec. ca he'-u, many persons. i'cak he'-u, many men (I), ca'-ik, to somebody (D-113). i'cak he'-u ha', not many men, few caki'n, to a person (D-42 (title)). men (I), ca' coha'^c, for nobody, icak he'-u hakit e'nip cakwa'-uco, I ca coke'c ti'xt wi hi'nai, I think some- call many people by their names, one is sick ("je crois qu'il y a icak he'-u ki'wilc ipco'xku'l, men quelqu'un de malade")- who will be doctors, ca' ta» ha' okotka'-uc pa'ts6mo, I icak he'-u cak'ko'mc, many men wash one shirt for another (person). hung up. ca' ya' a' or ha' ca a', who is he (or icak hi'-imilc, I hate this man, I she)? detest this man; pi. icak cak- wi o'k na'-u ca, I let somebody come, himi'mc. wi ca itu'lo tsanu'k o'ts, I put icak hika'tsim, a barefooted man. somebody on a horse, icak hi'kitewe ti'cat, this man accom- wi ca' coco'lc ha'nu, I like to scare panied me. somebody, icak (h)ila'-iha'xc, widower, wic ca' ot ke'-u cakiu'lckinto, I icak hila'-i ke', icak hila'-ige, a write for somebody. married man. icak hiwe'-u ke, a man having power, akipa'-ike icak, a southern man. icak hiyania'n co tiwe ti'co, I was Alpamu' icak, an Alabama Indian. afraid of him but went with him. . .

GATSCHETl SWANTONj DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 109

i'cak iko ko°'ulet, or ha'kit icak icak ne'kin pa'ko, I strike a man low ko°'ulet, they had a mau arrested down, (or seized), icak ne-pu'mc, a plowman, ica'k ikunyu'ts, icak ikunyu'ds (I), leak o'tsi pa'ko, I strike a man high up. icak (i)kunyuts (I), a half-grown icak paitolto'luc, many too good men, boy, a young woman, generous men. icak iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf boy. icak paito'luc, a generous man leak ina'-ul6t a'nkin, these men ("trop bon"). entered the house (" (ces) hommes icak pa'xc, a slender, thin, or lean sont entre dans la maison")- man; pi. pa'xpaxc. ica'k i-ol, a mean man. icak cakia'm, a liar, (i)cakio'l, a male human being, a icak cako°', sheriff, policeman, "the

man ("homme"). one who takes" ( = icak cakko"'). (i)cakio'l ickali't, a boy (large and icak cakcatsa'nc, ica'k ca'ktMc (I), small); pi. (i)cakio'l no'mc. a thief, (i)cakio'l ckali't hu'o, I see a boy i'cak cakya'lulfit caki'nauct a°'lak, weeping. they took the men and put them (i)cak-i-o'l wa'ci, an old bachelor, in prison, icak icat la'c, shaved head, perhaps icak co'klak, a poor man. "scalp." icak cokno'k-na'-u ik (or ek) co'lulet, icak ica't-sim, a bareheaded man. they feathered a man. I'cak itso°', name of a male relative i'cak cokcaki-i'kc, a man who had of Louison Huntington, sig. "small been sold (not exactly used as a man." slave), icak ka'-u, a dead man, the dead icak co'k cakio'n hite'-u, a beggar, ("les morts"); archaic for white icak co'k caktsS,'nkc hite'-u, a great people; pi. icak capi'xk. thief, icak ke'-uwa'lcnto, I fan a man. icak cokci'ti, an avaricious man; pi. leak ki'wilc ipcotikit, a man who will icak cokcivci'u. be a doctor, icak co'kuan uc'ha', a liar, a perfid- icak kitsak S'm hite'-u, a whisky or ious or tricky man. brandy drinker, i'cak coxke, a rich man. icak ko'mi, a thick man, a stout man; icak cojfko'ts, a tailor; cak'ko'ts, a pi. icak ko'mkomi (I). "cutter." icak ko'mc, a man hung up (D). ica'k co'? kc6 (or co'kco) to'lha', a ica'k ko'mulet, they hung a man. good for nothing (" un bon-a-rien") icak konyu'ds ta"' caktewe' mo'kfit, icak co'?k (or co'k) cak'ha'yu, one another young man has come with who laughs at or makes fun of the rest, people ("un qui rit du monde, fait icak ku'ihaxc, a mute man. farce.") i'cak ku'ltan ka'-u, a man dead a (i)cakcta'lko, a being supposed to long time. have originated from the dead i'cak kunya'ds, a young man. body of a man, carrying his head ica'k ku'tskuts, Indians, "red men." bent forward and covered with hair icak la'kat, a man who was strong over the front of his body; he (or stout). walked on aU fours. Engl. " devil" icak lak'n, when a man shall be (see tal) strong, icak cuke'c, a sick man; icak cuke'c icak lat, three men (I), he'-u, many sick men. i'cak mets, tall man. icak cukia' he'-u, a big eater, i'cak me'tsmets, many tall men. i'cak tsi'k, icak tsik (I), two men. icak mi'lc, a blind man (I). icak tsi'l, a proud man; pi. icak icak mon, icak moni, icak muni (L), tsi'ltsil. all people. icak ta'-ic he'-u, many strangers (D). .

110 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ica'k ta'-ic o'kiS," yukit ne mo'n cakicakip ut, toward the people ialpa'hiulgt, strangers have come (L-12). and taken all our land, coxka'k lo'-ico icak, I help somebody icak ta"' (I, L), icak ta'n (D), working, another man. cukiolc-hatke, pants. ica'k tane'-u {or he'-u), many other Tsa'xta i'cak, Tsa'xta hi'cak, a men (L). Choctaw Indian. i'cak ta'nuk, icak ta'nuk (I), one Tsa'yon icak, a Mexican man (from man (a man alone) (L) Spanol?) icak tanu'k ke-ula'cnto, I shave tsi'dsi icak, a male infant (I), another, to' like icak, an eastern man. icak tanu'kip ki'wilc ipco'kat, a man wi hica'n (or wi hija'n) cakiol, my who was once a doctor (D). father-in-law. icak tu'ket, a man in a boat (D). wi ica'k icuhe', I am uneasy about

icak tu'l, a good and liberal man (D). the man (i is perhaps the incor- icak tu'ts koko'k, a bow-legged man. porated personal pronoun), ic-ak tsu'ts tsi'k ke'tsep, a man lame wi' icak cakia'lu, I take men, I arrest in both legs, men. icak tu'ts tanu'k ke'tsgm, or (more wi icak cakina'-uco, I put some men correctly) icak tu'ts tanu'k ke'tsep, in prison ("je mets des hommes a man lame in one leg. (dans le prison)"), icak tu hia'ta", always the same man wi cakica'k, my relatives ("mon ("toujours le meme homme")- monde"). ica'k u't cak'ha'yu, ica'k o't cak'ha'- wi (i)cak w3,'ci ik'ha'-uc {or ik'ha'- yu, I laugh at people, I laugh at uts) tik'ha'ngt; .ke'mc hi a'-uc6n many persons, ika'-uts'n, my old man almost ica'k wan, a traveler, drowned; if I had not known how icak wa'n a'-uc, a lame man, "a man to row he would have been who can not walk." drowned ("mon vieux a manqu6 icak wa'ci (D), (i)cakua'ci (L), an de se noyer; si je n'avais pas su

old man; pi. icak wacwa'ci (L). ramer, il se serait noy6"). icak w5c ke'tsti, a left-handed man. wi cuhe' ica'k, I am uneasy about my icak woe tu'l, a right-handed man. family, I pity my family, icak ya' i-ta°, he is a man yet. ya' icak akipai-i'ke ot, this man ica'k ya' ta°, ica'k hia'ta" (I), comes from the south, icak ya' tan, the same man. ya' icak av'ha'n, ya' icak a'p ha'n, ica'k ya'ko, I eat a man ("je mange an absent man ("un homme un homme"). absent"), icak yo'n, a wizard (term uncertain), ya icak av'wa'nkit, ya icak ap ki'wilc ca'kiol, a Frenchman, a wa'nkit, this man is present ("cet

Creole, homme est present"), lit. "this ne n' itans 'n icak 'n moni, the man is walking here." world, "all people on earth and in ya' i'cak hiki'k ot, this man comes heaven." from the west, no'-ai icak, Alpamu' icak, an Ala- ya' i'cak ho'lcike ot, this man comes bama Indian, from the north, no'hamc ca'kiul, a rooster, "a male ya' icak to'like ot, this man comes fowl." from the east, okotka'-uc i'cak he'-u cakcopats ya' icak coklakc, that man is poor (h)imicinto, I wash shirts for (D). others, ya' ica'k cokla'kcat, that man was sakio'l-cukoke', pants, poor (D). cakica'k (D-28,29), cakicak (D-138), ya' icak cokla'kctikit, that man will relations. be poor (D). .

GATSCHET] DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 111 SWANTON J

ya' icak we'h6t {or we't) ivivha'hgt, icak hika't sIm, a barefooted man. this man did not believe me. icak ica't sIm, a bareheaded man. ya' icak ya ki'c kanyu'c yilwai'tikit, Iu'c6m, full of dirt (D-65). that man is going to marry that otse' hat-cima'1-ket, a snake sitting young woman (D). coiled up. ya ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut (or o't) ta'lcgm, full of holes (D-66). yilke, that young woman marries yuki't no'mcsgm tu'xts61, we children that man (D). stayed alone together (D-107). yu'kit icak, yuki't (or yoki'd) cakicak, tanu'kcim, tanu'kcSm, one to each OUT relations, our parents, our (I), one apiece, relatives ("nos parents")- tsi'kcim, double, two to each (I), caki, to wound (possibly the stem is ik) la't-sim, la't-cim (I), threefold, three wi ca'kiko, I wound (somebody). to each. wi cakca'kiko, I wound (somebody) himato'lcSm, fourfold, four to each (I). in various places (D). nl't-sSm, nitsem (I), fivefold, five to ca'ko, cako' (L-5), bear; E. D. stigne'. each. [shaggs]. caks (I), fox; E. D. caggs Iatsi'k-s6m (D), latsl'ksgm (I), six- cake, lynx (D), wildcat (A. R.) ("pi- fold, six to each. chou"); E. D. netswopst, nets- pa'xs6m, seven to each (I), kopst [netscopst], wildcat, cata- wucpe'cim, ten to each (I). mount ("pichou"), lynx(?) (see ceraps tapahan (or cemps tapahau), nia'l, caks). cempstapaham [shempstapa- call (shall) (E. D.). ham], infant, baby, child (E. D.). call pallets [shall pallets], plucky, cec (L-2), fig, raulberry(?); E. D. brave (E. D.). tsicibb [tsishibb], mulberry tree, came, wolf, coyote; E. D. iorlic (pro- ce'c ne'kin, fig season, "figs ripe." nounced y^lic?), wolf (see tek). ce'c nee, fig tree, mulberry tree(?) ca'mc te'ktekc, "speckled wolf," cec see tslc. Gatschet suggesting that it was cet [chett], chin (E. D.). the leopard and thus a purely ci (shi, shy), smoke (E. D.) (cf. po). modern term, but it reminds one ci kombnst [shy combust], fog, "thick of the Creek Water-tiger, also smoke" (E. D.).

spotted, which maj' contain some ci taue' [shi thaue (P) , sh^ thaou (C)], reminiscence of the ocelot or jaguar. the smoke is disagreeable (E. D.). ca°, cafi, ca°ca"', burning. ciki'tic (I), cikiti'c, skunk; E. D. nats ca°ca°,' caterpillar, "burning tsinniu, polecat, worm," "stinging worm." ciki'tic i'cat, the skunk stinks. capa'ts, hanging(?) (cf. pa-u, pats), cikiti'c a'n hu'i, the skunk is under a'lc capa'ts, icicle, "ice hanging" the house. (not certain), cixt, cict, cit, pot, basin, bucket, pail, icpa'tsgt, sleet has formed, it has kettle, pitcher, been freezing. en ka'-une ci'xt, grease jar. catna', better. icpa'l ma'n, a dish (ic = cixt). ca-u [shau (P), shaou (C)], father kudsna'n ci'xt, iron kettle, (E. D.) (cf. ca). ne'e cixt, wooden bucket or pail, wi ca'-u [ue shau], my father (E. D.). ci'xt ko'mhic, bell, "hanging pot." ce, marble (to play with) ; Creole ci'xt (or cit) ko'mhic wi co'nico, I canique. ring the bell, ce kudsna'n ki'mnS,", a round whet- cixt pal, cikpa'l, icpa'l, hicpa'l (I), a stone ("meule"). plate, a dish. cem, cira, sem, sim, "fold," "times," ci'.xt pa'c, lid ("couvercle de la full of. chaudi5re.") ha' u'c mon na'-uc6m, his whole ci'xt-ko'paxc, cit-ko'paxc, tumbler, body covered with hair (L-34). goblet. 112 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (bull. 108

cict kaukau' ha'n, the pitcher is neck-ol, nick-ol, sugar, sweetening, evi- empty of water, dently "sweet salt" (51' = sweet). cict kaukau' pu'k, the pitcher is full neck-61 ak, nick-ol ak, molasses, of water, "sugar liquid." cict pa'l, an oven, neck-ol tu, neck-ul tu, sugarcane, ci'ct pa'l he'ts, icpal he'ts, a great neck-ol tu li'linS, sugar press, sugar bowl, mill. cict ya' tsa'?k, this pitcher is dry. cit, gray moss. wai' ci'xt, a stone jug. cit-ha'n, moss (D-75).

wic cixko'mic co'nico, I ring a bell. cIt i'l, green, fresh moss; pi. ilil. ci(l), to sew. cit me'lmel, black moss (dead).

ci'l yu'lco, I make embroideries, I ci-u, to crawl. sew stripes. otse' he'-u ci'utiutit, the snakes go cokci'lnH", cokci'lS.", sewing ma- crawling, chine, "to sew much" ("coudre otse' ci'ukit, otse' ci'u, the snake beaucoup"). crawls (I). coxci'ukit, she sewed (all the time) ci'u tsat otse', the snake goes craw- (D-77). ling, tu' cil, schooner ("bateau a ya' otse' ci'u, the snake crawls; pi.

voiles") (?). ci'u.

tu' ci'l ok'hia' ke, the schooner has a ci-u, ci-o, sail, icak cokci'A, an avaricious man, a wi ke'-u cukci'kinto, I am sewing stingy man. whUe sitting. icak cokcivci'u, avaricious men, wi ke'-u cukcokci'kinto, I sew many stingy men.

things. (Perhaps 1 was not heard cokci'-u, avaricious or stingy in last two examples.) ("chiche"). wi ci'lo, I sew. ya' kic cokci'-u tane'-uca'k iya'-i, wi cilci'lo, or wi he'-u ci'lo, I sew this woman is the stingiest of all man}' things. (tane'-uca'k, the rest). ci'lifi (A. R.), ci'li, beautiful, hand- ciw&'t, ci'wat, alligator, "having

some (persons and things) ; pi. bosses "(?). cilci'U; E. D. cilli, cillg [shilly (P), ci'wat te ne'e, tree with thorns 6 to 10 shillg (C)], nice, handsome, inches long, prickly ash (I).

yoko'n ci'li, a fine song. ciwo'n, ciwa'n, cat. cil(c), (perhaps ne-ci(l)). ciwa'n anpa'kc ko'nkit, the cat ne-cilcna,'n, broom ("balais"). catches the mouse,

ne-cilcnan i'l, a new broom. ciwa'n nika'-ukit a'npakc, the cat

ne-cilcnS.'n i'l to'lka ci'lcntat, a new ran after the mouse, broom sweeps well, ciwa'n noha'mc cakcoco'mcat, the ne-cilcna'n wa'ci, an old broom. cat scared the chickens, wa°'ne'-ci'lcnto, I sweep with the ciwa'n tsu'm ha'xc, don't pinch the broom while going. cat! cifi, see con. ci'won hika'mcfit, the cat scratched ci'ne-u (perhaps from ca and he-u). me (etc.). ci'ne-u a'? hakit cine'v' a'? who are ciwon hidso"', kitten, "small cat" they? (I). cine'-u ya' cukcaki'kc? who are these ciwon ho'nkit, the cat mews, merchants? ciwo'n ikat, paw of cat. cick, ciskk, (sweet(?)); E. D., cisk ciwo'n icol, kitten, [shisk], sweet, ci'won ma', ciwan ma', where is the ne-cisk, ni ci'sk, salt. cat? ne-cic(k) ka'-une, a salt cellar, "to ciwo'n na'-u, fur of cat. put salt into." ciwo'n tuts, leg of cat. .

GATSCHETl swaktonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 113

ciw5n [shiwon], lake (E. D.) (Carpen- tanu'kip co ha', never once (did he ter has nuuoon [nuouoon], which is whip us) (D-102). evidently wrong). c5k, cok, cuk, cUk, thing; Ak. same, cka, ckaa, ska; small, little; E. D. aku'p cA'kwak, wheat bread, "flour cka [shka, shkaa], ska, small, little, bread." son. ha cok, his property, "his things." ickairt hitiktsa'nu, I go and hide a ha cokmo'n, all his property, child, hiyen cukwi'lkit, the hog is squealing, ickali't nu'1-wilwi'lhicnto, I rock a inlo'hi coka'kinto, nlo'-i coka'kinto, child, I help you working, kic i'cakalit (I), ki'ckalit, little girl; icak co'kilakc, a lazy man. pi. ki'cec no'mc and keckali't. icak co'klak, a poor man. cakio'l ickali't (I), cukioskalit, boy icak cokno'kna'-u ikco'lulet, they (both large and small); pi. cakio'l. feathered a man. cakio'l ckali't haihai'c hu'o, I see a i'cak cokcaki-i'kc, a man who had boy weeping (na'kco, I hear). been sold, wi cka [ue shka], my son (E. D.). icak co'k cakio'n hite'-u, a beggar, ckal koptale [shkal coptale], sadness icak co'k caktsS'nkc hite'-u, a great (E. D.) (cf. elan). thief, ckalcka'c, foolish, crazy ("bete")- ica'k co'kco to'lha, ica'k co':ji:kc6 ckop (D-128), cup, dipper, to'lha, a good for nothing ("un a'mcne cko'p, drinking cup. bon a rien"). cko'pol, ckopo'l (I), soup bowl, any i'cak coxke, a rich man. large bowl. icak cojfko'ts, icak cak'k5'ts, a tailor, CO (D-140), seed, kernel, heart, pith, "a cutter." soul, icak co'xk {or co'k) cak'ha'yu, one ha' co', his soul (heart being con- who laughs at or makes fun of sidered its seat), people ("un qui rit du monde, fait pa'tite'-u co', cottonseed, farce"), ca'kcoc co'kco wa'n-co'lkit, the birds icokhec, icoke'c, I am sick, go and tear up the young seed ke'-u co'k caktsS'ncto, I sit stealing, plants; pi. of subj. wan-co'lktit. ki'c coxko'ts, a tailoress. co'kco, seed ("semence") (I). ma'iiut co'k caktsS'nkc, a continual co' pa'kc, co' pake, the heart is thief, beating, palpitation of the heart, ne'e coxkita'-une, a scaffolding, a cu' ku'tskuts, piment rouge, red scaffold, pepper (I). cakla'mc p'o'sk cok'hita'-uckit, the tepu'k co' tuka'-u, almond, "like a leech sucks the blood out.

peach stone." coka'-at, she had it. wi co' hehe'xkit, my heart is paining, coka'-hiwe'-u, industrious, "doing wi co' pa'kc hika', I have palpitation much." of the heart. co'kai, co'kaya, why? wherefore? CO, any, at all, ever, it is not (?). co'kai 'n o't ha'xcnan, why don't you ica'k coxkcS {or co'kco) to'lha, a come? good for nothing, co'k ake'nict, dewberry,

ca'kco hilocne han, I have nobody to co'k ake'nict li'l, co'katke'nic lil, defend me. strawberry, ca coha'xc, for nobody (ca han, co'kat ka' tla'kc, a large pile of dirt nobody), ("un large sale"); pi. tla'tlakc. co'kco ha hiwa'lc, dreams mean co'katke'nic, cokaki'nic, blackberry, nothing ("les rdves ne veulent rien co'k atpa'.YC ha'kc, he doesn't listen, dire"), co'kaye, cu'ka3'a, co'kai, why? where- cok coha'n, for nothing (han, nothing) fore? 114 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

cok hatse-e'c, bad things, wicked cokcatsii'mcne, tweezers (for hair, things, etc.) co'k' hatse-e'c ca ka', to bewitch, "to cokcilnS,", cokci'lS,", a sewing ma- render mischievous." chine. co'k hatko'lo, I stuff, cokci'u, stingy. cokhe' (h)atse-e'c cak'ho'lculat, the 3^ cok coha"', for nothing. put bad medicine into them, co'k CO he'-uxtsa', I know nothing cok he'-u, many things. (cf. co'knok). cok he'-u hia'xUcat (or hia':5icat), I cokcukyi'kc, selling. lost things, many cokto'kc, baU (?). (D-64). co'k he'-uxts, co'k i'-uxts, I know it, co'kuak onpa'ts, yeast, raised bread. I know something, co'k u'xts, smart, intelligent, know- co'k he'-u cak'hidsa'mco, I join many ing things. things, co'k u'xts (h)a'xc, a fool, knowing cok he'-u caktsa'nco, I steal many nothing. things. co'k u'ts lat, something having three co'k he'-u nakc na'k kanwa'ncAn, points. co'k he'-u na'kc na'?kan wa'ncSn, co'k wa'n, what do you say? I found something but will not co'k wa'nka na'xn (L), co'k wa'fi ka teU you what. na'xn, what are you doing? co'k hia'^icat, I lost something, co'kwan cakuxtsic, interpreter (D). co'k hihatse-uwa'nSt, I forgot these cok wacwa'cifi, about ancient things things, (D). co'k hipen, cokipen, friend, coxkai hiwe'-u, industrious, working co'k (h)iwine'at, I found something, much" (D). cokia'xta, I want to eat. cojfka' lo'-ico icak, I help somebody coki'nkgn ko'tsico, I cut across, working (D). coki'c (given once as co'kic but coxkila'kc, a lazy fellow ("pares- correctness of accent denied by seux") (L). second informant), a plant, coxko'-i, basket (L). cokiu'lc, cokyu'lc, a letter, writing; co'xko-i, law (D). a debt, coxkci'ukit, she sewed (all the time) cokiulcne', pencil, pen. (D). co'k iwa'nts, tell me a story! "tell me something!" co?:mon, everything (D). coxto'l, luck (D). co'k ka'nkit, something is roaring, coxto'l ke', co'kllc, contented, satisfied, pleased, he'-u wic I have much rejoicing, luck (D). co'k mi' CO, I gave something, I made cuka'kulSt, they danced (L). a present, cu'k-am-a'n nta'ii (or ita'n (D)),

co'k mo'n tsa'xik, everything is dry. where is the kitchen? (L). co'k mti'n, a bedbug, "something cuka'm kic, a female cook (L). smelling." cuka'mto, I cook (something) (D). co'k na'kc ha'xc, he doesn't hear. cuka'ya, why? (L). co'k a', what is the matter cukia'k 'ha'nco, I finish eating (L). with you? "what are you doing?" cukita-uka'ne, chair (D). co'k nke'a na komho'pcki, what cukitu'lianS., table (?) (L). have you in your pocket? cukte'-i, medicine (L). co'ko-i, co'xko-i, chief, cukte'-i a'mu, I take (or drink) coko'n cokcaki'kco, I sell a cow. medicine (L). co'k-caki'kc, a merchant ("bouti- cukte'-i kd'lcu, I swallowed medi- quier"). cine. cokcaktsS,nc, thieves, cukite'-uka'hune (L), cukite'-uka'- cokcakyi'kco, I sell things. une ket'n, chair. GATSCHET] SWANTONJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 115

cukite'-u kahunii'n ka'nto, I am coko'm no'hik ima'nkit, the cow sitting down in a chair. pushes with its horn, cukite'-u kahune' ka'nto, I sit in a co'kom no'?, co'kom no'x, co'kon chair. no'x (I), the horns of a cow. cukite'-uka'ne {or cukite'-ukawine) coko°' al, coko'n a'l (I), beef, hatwilwi'lcnS,, a rocking-chair. coko'n he'-u caki'kco, I buy many cukotke' (D), cux'hatke', female cows, dress. co'kon ico'l, calf (I).

cukotki'nic, blackberry. co'kon i't, coko'n it (I), manure {or cukco'c, bird. dung) of cattle, cukutke', cuka'tke, dress, robe. coko"' kic, coko'n kic (I), cow. cukwa'k, bread. coko'n me'l, coko'm me'l, bison, cukwak idso°' ol, pie, cake. buffalo, "black cattle"; pi. melme'l. cu^ka'xkinto, I (will) work. coko'n cakiu'l, bull (I), cu^tsipa'l, glue, "something stick- coko'n cokcaki'kco, I sell a cow. ing." coko'n tanu'k caki'kco, I buy a Tsukuhu'-i, Chukuhu'-i (name of cow. Delilah Moss's grandfather). coko'n ti'u, roast beef, ta-ucok'ko'-ikit, he preaches. coko"' {or coko'm) wa'n ho'nkit, the wi ke'-u cukci'kinto, I am sitting cow bellows while walking ("la sewing. vache beugle en marchant"). wi co'k a'xict, wi co'k a'xlic, I lose coko'n yu'l, a spotted ox; pi. coko'n something. yu'lyul. wi cokcaki'kco, I sell a cow. wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat ti'k'hu', I wi coxko'ikit, I make baskets. went to the place where they had wi cukte'-i micu, I doctor somebody. killed an ox. coki'nken, across (contains cok, some- ya' wi coko'm, this is my cow (I). thing?), (cf. inahi). cokco'c, cakcoc (I), a bird (probably coki'nken ko'tsico, I cut across. contains cok, and possibly also cokno'k (L-6), co'knok (A. R.), duck cod), to scare), (perhaps sig. "creature with he'-u cakcu'c ka'-u ti'-utit, many wings"); cokna'-i given by L as birds fly. an alternative form but perhaps cakco'c pa', nest of bird (I),

a corruption of it. ca'kcoc pa'm, bird tracks, co'knok na'-u, feathers of duck (used cakcu'c ka'-u-tsa't, the bird flies, on arrows). "fljdng he goes." Cnai'ke, a masculine proper name cukco'c a"' o'tse ka'-uts, a bird flies contracted from Cuk-nai'ke, "hav- over the house, ing ducks." cukco'c itsktgta't, a lark, "yellow- coko'n, coko'm, coko'n, coko°', breasted bird" (this is the prob- ciko'm (D-80), bison, buffalo, able identification), cattle, ox, cow, beef; probably cukco'c pa' ne'ckin, the bird's nest " means creatures living on grass." is in the tree, ha' coko'n cak-iu'l, her ox (I). cu'kcoc yo'ktit, the bird chatters. ciko'm a'm cikna'-uco, I let the cattle col, to rub (cf. kol and woi). drink. icak cokno'k na'-u ik {or ek )co'lulet, ciko'm kaukau' cokmi'co, I give the they feathered a man, they rubbed cattle to drink. feathers on a man. ciko'm ne-pom(ne), plov\r oxen, team ni'c-mo'ii e'iiek co'lulet, they tarred of oxen. a man, they rubbed grease or tar coko'm he'-u wa'n ho'ntit, many on a man, cows are lowing. nic-mofi en wi ikco'lo, and e'nik wi coko'm la' CO, I skin a cow. co'lo, I rub tar with. . . .

116 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 103

wi ikco'lcolu, I rub repeatedly with cofi, to rattle, to rustle, to ring. (instr.) haki't cincn^'ni, they sounded a wi ko'n col, I shove out, I rub out- rattle {or their rattle) (L-26) (per- ward(?), "I take and rub." haps cin should be con) wi co'lu, I rub; wi co'lcolu, I rub kipa'dso conco'ngic, gourd rattle. repeatedly. ci'ncne co'nxia, they rattled a gourd c5(l) (sing.), c6(ra) (pi.), to be scared, rattle (D-115). ciwa'n noha'mc cakococo'mcat, the cit {or cixt) ko'mhic co'nictat, the bell cat scared the chickens; sing, of rang (I). obj. coco'lcat (see nte-I). cit ko'mhic wi co'fiico, I ring the bell. wi hatcoco'lcat, I was scared, co'nkit, (a bell) is ringing. wi ca' coco'lc ha'nu, I like to scare te'wac co'ntit, the leaves rustle in the somebody, wind; sing, wac co'nkit (I). wi coco'lc hinte'hi ha'nulet, {or cot [shot], to love (E. D.) (cf. lem). ha'nulet) they came near scaring co'yuan, pi. coyuancoyua'n, mis- me to death, chievous (A. R.), doing bad tricks; col palets [sholl pallets], courageous droll; lively; full of fun; all in (E. D.). play; frisky (one informant says coxa, CO", small, young; com, "with "bad," the other merely "mis-

young," swollen, pregnant; "va chievous") ; E. D. coiuan [shoiuan] Colore, ou avoir des petits"), (P), coiooan [shoiooan] (C), stupid, distr. co'mcom (cf. hitso'n). foolish. co'mc, came, about to hatch or have ctiu [shtiu], sick (E. D.). young ones ("qui va 6clore, ou cuk, back of. avoir des petits"). inte' cuk, back of neck. a'lin hicom, small grapes (L-8). no'k cuk, elbow, "back of arm." anhipo'n he'-uc cakico'mc, rabbits no'k cuk ko'tsti, left elbow (I). have many young, no'k cuk wo'cti, right elbow (I). hika't ico°, small toes and feet, cu'kike tu' iwat, the boat (or canoe) hila'n ico'm, grapevine. comes from below ("la pirogue hila°' ico"^' te'-i, small grapevine va venir d'en bas"). ("liane de petits raisins'*), cukin, CTiki'n, half. ho'kicom, thread (from o'k and hika't nl't ya' ha'l cokl'n, wi(c), I am icom). five and a half feet tall. ho'kicom tti'kc, a spool ("una pelote kuiyatko'l lat ha'l cuki'n, three sau- defil"). sages and a half. nee hico'mckin, among small trees kuiyatko'l cuki'n, half a sausage. (or bushes) (L-35). tanu'k cuki'n, one half. noha'mc ico'mc, no'hamc icom, cuk(s), young chickens, co'kcuks co'kak, nonreligious dance tsan-e-u'k ico'm, colt, filly, "young of the young people. horse." Cukuhu'-i, godfather of Delilah; (hu'i, tsi'latsk i'com, sheep tick, "small "underneath") (D-93 and title). wood tick." cuxka', (P). tik ico'm, lead (metal), small missile cuxka' atse-e'c, they are all bad or ("fleche petite"), mean, tolho'pc hokico'mik o=^'yu (or o'ne cul, dog. or o'ne), I thread a needle ("j'en- cu'l ha' -an, no dog (I). file une arguille"). cu'l he'-u, many dogs (I). tu' ico'mc, small cane (which served cu'l he'-u ha', few dogs, "not manv for making arrows) dogs" (I). uk ico'm, a pimple. cu'l hiata"', the same dog (I). . . .

GATSCHET] SWANTONj DICTIONARY OP THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 117

cu'l hiwewe'vcat, the dog barked at tsa-i, me. wi tsa'-itsa-ic, I shake, I tremble cu'l icol, puppy (I). (from cold, terror, etc.). cu'l ita'n a', where is the dog? tsak, tsa-uk, cu'l ki'c, cu'l gi'c, bitch (I). kat hatsa'kco, I gargle, "I wash the cu'l ku'lic hiwewe'vcat, the dog mouth." barked at me again, nee a'ngik hatsa'-ukco, I wash with cu'l lat, three dogs, soap, cu'l mon, all the dogs, tsak, tsazk, to dry; pi. tsa'ktsak, cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x hatipa'ts- tsa'xktsa'k; E. D. tsaak, tsak, dry. icat, the dog runs and turns a hadsa'kcne, to wipe oneself with. somersault, It hadsa'kcne, it hadca'cne, towel, cu'l puxini'kat kako'ki(n), the dog "face wiper." jumped through the fence, it cakhatsa'mcne, something with cu'l puxitse'c6t kako'k, the dog which to wipe the hands, jumped over the fence, kau'kau tsa'kit {or tsa'xkit), the cu'l tsik, two dogs (I) water is falling, the water is getting cu'l ta°', another dog (I). dried up ("I'eau basse"), cu'l ta'nuk, one dog (I). kau'kau tsa'ktsit, the water is falling cu'l vivi'vc, the dog barks, or getting low.

tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye' okotka'-uc ko°' ina'-u, tsa'xk, take

lak, the horse is going ahead of the and bring back the shirt, for it is dog. dry! ("rentre une chemise; elle est

tsanu'kc me'ts i'ti cu'lut iye' mats, seche"). the horse is taller than the dog. okotka'-uc tsa'ki-u, I dry a shirt, tsanu'k(c) cu'l o't iye' mets, the horse on tsa'xti, o'n tsa'xk, dry grass,

is taller than the dog. straw, tsanu'k cu'l o't iye' la'k patna'-u, the cict ya' tsa'xk, this pitcher is dry. horse runs swifter than the dog. co'k mo'n tsa'xk, everything is dry wa'-u cu'l la'w6t, the steam scalded (all the cloth), the dog. tsa'kina-u okotka'-uc, I dry a shirt, ya' cu'l ha' a'n ito'lco, or ya' cu'l a'n tsa'xcu, I am drying, ito'lco, I fix the ears of that dog. te'wac tsa'k, dry leaves, a dry leaf ya' cu'l ha' a'n tlemtte'm, the ears of ("feuilles seches"); pi. tsaktsa'k. that dog are torn, wi a°' ne tsa'xkip, my house is on dry ya' cu'l ha' kit kin, that dog is theirs. land,

yB.' cu'l ha' kit cakin, these dogs are wi u'ts hatsa'kco, I wipe mj' nose theirs, (with a handkerchief) ya' cu'l wi' ki'n, that dog belongs to woe cakhadsa'kic'nto, I rub {or dry)

me, that dog is mine, the face, ya' cu'l wi' caki'n, these dogs belong tsak, to me, these dogs are mine, teho'p tsa'ko, to stop a hole ("bou- tsa, lance, spear (E. D.) (cf. yapu'x). cher un trou"). tsa, to chew, to bite. tsako'p, (see tsika't) ntsa'-un or ntsa'-6h6, she will bite hiyg'n po'n tsako'p, hiii'n po'n you. tsako'p (I), one thousand, odse' hiki tsa'w6t, a snake has bitten hiye'n po'n tsako'pip, one thousand {or stung) me. times. tsa'ksta, to chew (in future); (cak)- Tsa'xta, Tcha'kta (D-136), Choctaw. tsa'kco, I chew (them?). Tsaxta' hakit no'mc ica't cakpal- wi hidsa'm, I bite, pa'licat, the Choctaw flattened wi nuk hatsa'mo, I bite myself. their children's heads (D-38a). . . .

118 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

Tsa'xta i'cak, Tsa'xta hi'cak, a Choc- ma'kuts, crawfish, crab (if the last taw Indian. two forms are correct it might tsal, signify "bone lizard"), ha n wi tsuta'lat, he""and I kicked tsama' kotsk tuka'-u, or tsi ma'kuts him (I), tuka'-u, (white) shrimp, "like a ha' n wi tsuta'Ititit, he and I will crawfish."

kick him (I), tsan, to hide (cf. inu)). naki't n wi tsutsa'ltsgl, we (ye and I) ickali't hitiktsa'nu, I go and hide a are kicking him (I). child,

ne tutsa'lc ( = ne tuts tsa'lc), I stamp lakla'kc tsa'nu, I hide money. with the foot (tuts = leg). tsa'n'nto, I hide, wi 'n na tsuta'lat, j^ou and I kicked wi hatsa'no, I hid myself,

him (I), wi nu'k hatinu'co, I hide myself (?). wi 'n na tsuta'ltsel, j'ou and I are tsan, to steal (cf. tsan, to hide), kicking him (I) leak cakcatsa'nc, a thief, wi 'n na tsuta'Ititit, you and I will icak co'k caktsS,'nkc hite'-u, a great kick him (I) thief, wic ha' tsuta'lat, I kicked him (I). ke'-u cok caktsa'flcto, I steal sitting wic ha' tsuta'lo, I am kicking him (I). (but a note says "not always wic ha' tsuta'ltikit, I will kick him sitting"), (I). ma' nut co'k caktsS,'nkc, a continual ^ wi tsa'lco, I stamp, I kick; iterat. thief, tsaltsa'lco. cok he'-u caktsS.'nco, I steal many tsa(l), to crack (cf. pal). things, hatutunS, tsa'lulat, they broke the cokcaktsa'nc, thieves (D-61). looking-glass, tsctn(c), to push, to shove, to squeeze, nee natsa'tskit, the wood is crack- hitsa'nct, I get pushed, he has ing. pushed me ("il m'a pousse").

tsa'-alh6, or tsa'lc-eh6, this cracks or huktsa'nhict(s)61 (?), or icoktsa'nc6t, springs apart (as glass) ("5a we push each other, craque, saute (verre) "). tsail hina'-uco yuki't, we push away tsa'xc, cracking, (we shove them out (?)). tsa'ts, broken, burst; a crack, tsa'nkco, I squeeze out (as matter tsats o'ts, walnut, walnut tree; E. D. from a pimple, etc.). (the same). tsa'nco ako'p, I knead flour. wi' tsa'xco, I crack, tS'm hitsa'ncgt, I was pushed yester- wic tsa'xlco, I break (glass), I shiver, day, he pushed me yesterday ("il tsalagst or tsorlagst, bird (E. D.) m'a pouss6 hier"). (cf. cokco'c). wi mon caktsa'nco, I push all things, tsam, tsam, dsam, to join, to connect, wi nu'k hatsa'nco, I push myself, hidsam, joining, together, wi tsan hena'-uco, I push it away, I hidsa'mco, I join two things. push it in. o'k hidsa'm, a double or thick wi tsanc ka'-u, I make him push, blanket, wi tsa'nc ko'lc, I shove into, o'kitsamc, to attack, to fight against. wi tsa^'co, wi tsa'nco, I push it [or

okitsa'mc(o), I connect, him) , I have pushed it {or him) pu'mul na'-u ha'kit ica'tip hatna'- fcsanu'k (D-56, 58, 80), tsa'n'u'k, inst hati'dsom, when they danced tsan-e-u'k, horse; E. D. wen they placed feathers on their heads, [uen]. co'k he'-u cak'hidsa'mco, I join ha' tsanu'k, his horse (D-132). many things. tsan-e-u'k ico'm, tsanu'k ico'm (I), tsSma kotsk ("coming together in a colt, a filly, "young horse."

small ponds," (?)), tsa'ma ku'ts tsanu'k a"', a stable, "a horse house" (D-48), tsi' ma'kuts (I), tsi (I). . ,

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 119

tsanu'k haihai'c, the horse is neigh- wen komb [uen comb], I have a ing, horse (E. D.).

tsanu'k hets, a big (i. e., an American) wen komb hak^ [uen comb hacque], horse ("un gros cheval Anie- I had a horse (E. D.). ricain")- wen-kalap hake [uen-khallap hacque] tsanu'k he'-u polpo'lxctit, the horses I would have a horse (E. D.). gallop, tsapalst, vine (probably grape vine) tsanu'k hitso'm, a Creole pony, "a (E. D.) (cf. te-i, a'lin). little horse." tsats, lungs (I, D). tsanu'ki, on a horse (D-59, 68). tsat, tsanu'k ite'-u, I ride on horseback, tsat he, poison vine (root resembles tsanu'k kic makau'kit, the mare is that of the yuki'ti kon3,'n or foaling (but said of all quadru- Indian marsh potato), run, gallop, to walk fast; peds) . tsat, to to tsanu'kip hite'-u-ici'ko (or ite'wi'- E. D. insthak, to run. ciko) ta'-i kipa'xci (hite'wici'ko), John pakna'-u tsat, John is run- I ford a river on horseback, ning (I). tsanu'k pakna'-u tsat, the horse is kaukau' tsat, kaukau' tsad, the galloping fast, the horse is running, water runs, tsanu'k po'lxc, a loping horse, kaukau' u'c tsa't, the water is run- tsanu'k po'lxctit, the horse is loping, ning (I.). tsanu'k polpo'xco, I lope the horse, la'k tsa'nto, I will walk fast, tsanu'k po'lpolxc tsat, the horse is pe'l tsat, he goes away, galloping, cakcu'c ka'-u-tsa't, the bird flies, tsanu'k popo'xtsat, the horse is "flying he goes." going fast, the horse is loping, ci'u tsat otse', the snake goes tsanu'k cakio'iic, horsefly (I), crawling, tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lat iye' tsanu'k pakna'-u tsat, the horse is lak, the horse is going ahead of the galloping fast, the horse is run- dog. ning (I). tsanu'kc me'ts i'ti cu'lut iye'mets, tsanu'k po'lpolxc tsat, the horse is the horse is taller than the dog. galloping, tsanu'k(c) cu'l o't iye' mets, the tsanu'k popo'xtsat, the horse is

horse is taller than the dog. trotting, the horse is going fast, tsanu'k cu'l o't iye' la'k patna'-u, the horse is loping, the horse runs swifter than the dog. tsanu'kc la'-ak i'ti tsat cu'lut iye' tsanu'k tsi'k hi(cak)a'xlicat, I lost lak, the horse is going ahead of two horses, the dog. tsanu'k tu'-uxts tsat, the horse is tsanu'k tu'-uxts tsat, the horse is pacing, the horse is going slow, pacing, the horse is going slowly tsanu'k wi o't iwat, the horse comes (I). towards me. tsat'n, afterward. wi ca itu'lo tsanu'k o'ts, I put some- po'-ol tsa't'n hu'-ulat, they saw body on a horse, afterward that it (his head) was wic tsanu'k wa'nic tu'ko, I drive the lowered in front (L-33). horse up. Tsa'yon, Mexican, Spaniard (?) (from wic tsanu'k wine-u, I find a horse, Espanol?) wi tsanu'k me'l, my horse is black Tsa'yon icak, a Mexican man. (I). Tsa'yon ne, Mexico, "Spanish coun- wi tsanu'k tu'ko, I fetch my horse; try." pi. caktu'ko. Tsayo"' ne'kin, Texas, "in the yuki't tsanu'k cakite'-uts61 (or caki- Spanish country" ("dans le pays to'kic), we ride on horseback. espagnol"). . .

120 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wi oket tsi'pcat Tsa'yon ne' ot, na' e'n hatse-uwa'n(h)icat, I forgot my mother removed to Texas your name, {or Mexico). co'k hihatse-uwa'ngt, I forgot these -tse(l), subjective pronominal suffix of things, the first person plural. teyo' hihatse-uwa'ngt, I forgot my hiyg'n tSm nima'-uts61, we killed a trunk, hog yesterday. teyo' hicakatse-uwa'nSt, I forgot my hokpu'nstsgl, we blow at each other. trunks, icna'-utsen, when we get there (or we tsi (I), tsi', bone; E. D. tsigg (see will arrive). tsam) ke'tne na'mts61, we begged her to hal tsi, spine, "back bone." remain. o'ts tsi, jawbone, jaw, "tooth bone." ku'lke hoktewe' to'xntsol, we have tu'ts tsi', shin bone and ankle, been together always. tso'-ots wa'k tsi, corncob, "ear- cakhu'dsgl, we saw them. bone of corn." caki'niugitsel, we are on the lookout tslk (Ix-16; D-62, 81), two; E. D. for them. ha'ppalst. yuki't eku'nnak na'-u(ts)61, we ar- tsi'kip, twice, rived just now. ha'l tsi'k, second, yuki't ina'-uts61, we come into (the ha'l tsi'kip, twice more, house) tsi'kip hipo'nso, twofold, double. yuki't icti'uts[61], shall we go there? tsi'kcim, two apiece, two to each, yuki't icu'ltsgl, we caught it. latsl'k, six. yuki't iyi'ya puhitse'ctsgl, we rose latsi' kip, six times, and jumped over. latsi'kip hipo'nso, sixfold. yuki't no'mcsgm tu'xtsSl, we chil- latsi'ksgm, six apiece, six to each, dren stayed alone together. wocpe' latsi'k, sixty (D-88). yu'kit pai' o'ktsen, we return home, i'matol tsik, himato'l tsik, eight, we come back home. "four times two." yuki't puns-micke'cts61, we blow i'matol tsik, himato'l tsi'kip, eight around. times, yu'kit tso-opi'cints61, we twist, or wocpe' ha' tsi'k, twelve, we will twist. wocpe' tsik, twenty, yu'kit tSm &'mts61, we drank yester- wocpe' tsi'kip, twenty times, day. ha'j^en pon tsi'k, hiu'n po'n tsik (I), yu'kit tiu cak'nonstsgl, we take a two hundred, walk. a'c la'k i'ti tsi'k, he is the stronger of tseii, proud (applied only to women; the two. cf. tsil). haki't tsik nu'k, themselves two. kic tsen, a proud woman; (pi.) ilu' tsik wiic ki'wilc ipco'k6°ha°, I kictse'iitsen. will be a doctor in two years, tsec, over. i'cak tsi'k (L), two men. puhitse'co, I jumped over. icak tu'ts tsi'k ke' tsep, a man lame cu'l puxitse'cSt kako'k, the dog in both legs. jumped over the fence. kIc tsik, two women (I). ya' ne'e puhitse'cta, I am going to na'-u tsi'k, a pair of moccasins (I). jump over this log. ne'e tsi'k tsika'dip, between two trees, tsets, tseets, four (E. D.), pem katsi'k (I), pem ka't tsik, a halk tseets, fourteen. double-barreled gun, "a gun with hehin tseets, forty. two mouths " ("fusil a deux coups"), tse-uwan, to forget. cu'l tsik, two dogs (I), ha'tse-u wa'n(h)icat, I forgot him tsanu'k tsi'k hi(cak)a'xlicat, I lost (somebody). two horses. '

gatschkt] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 121

tsi'k kucna'k, both sides, tsi'pculat, they removed (D-138). tsik-ho'l, tsikxo'l (I), tsikxo', twins. tu'l ma ino'-i tsi'pcat, she moved wi an wanne ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o), across the lake (D-lOO). my house stands between the road wi oket tsl'pcat Tsa'yon ne' o't, my and the river, mother removed to Texas (or wi no'mc tslk cakitsyutsickinto, I Mexico), raise two children, wi tsi'pco, I move, wo'c tsi'g, two hands, tsipal (see ipa'l, near, and hipa', hus-

wo'c tsi'kctan, both hands (I), band) . ya' ki'c tsikxo' ke'at (or ca.kke'at), ke-utsipa'xckinto, I glue something this woman had twins, ("coller"). ya' tsi'k o't cakiye' lak, he is the cakiu'lc tsipa'xco, I seal {or glue) a stronger of the two. letter (D). ya'-u tsik cakica'wu, I have taken caktsipa'lc(o), I put into contact {or two fish; sing, ica'wu. connection) (D). tsikhuiau [tsikhouiaou], eight (E. D.) cuxcaktsipal, sticky things,

(cf. tsets). cuxtsipa'l, glue ("la colle"). hallg tsikhuiau, eighteen (E. D.). ta'ntsipal, burdock or cocklebur hehin tsikhuiau, eighty (E. D.). (small kind), tsika't, since, past, ago (tsik with past wi-ke'-utsipa'xckinto, I glue pi. temporal suffix) (see tsako'p). objects (D). yi'l hiwe'-u tsika't lat, three weeks wi-ke'-u-tsipaxckinto, I sit gluing ago (D-59). (I). yi'l hiwe'-u tsika't tsi'k, two weeks tsic (I, D-63), tsi's (D-66), tsi'dsi (I), ago (D-62). tsiic, si'tsi, si'c, si'dsi, a babj'; tsi'kilik, hen, chicken (in the Hiyekiti pi. cec; E. D. cemps tapahan. or eastern Atakapa dialect and si'dsi he'-u, sic he' -u, many babies, perhaps in Opelousa; see noha'mc). tsi'dsi icak, a male infant (I), tsikilik, to tickle. (t) si'dsi kic, a female infant (I),

tsikilikc, tickling ("I tickle"). tsitsi'c, si' tsic, it is a baby, tsi'kip (I), the little blue heron; E. D. tsi's waii-haihaickit, the infant cries tosigs [thosiggs] ("lagrue"). (I). tsi'kip tat (blue) heron, "heron tsic, to be pleased, to be glad. standing." atsi'c-kic ha, I don't care (D-143). tsil, tsil (A. R.), egg (?). hihatsi'ckic (atsi'c-kic) ha', I am not

nl^ tsi'l, small louse, tick, "louse egg(?).' pleased, tsil, proud (cf. tsen). wi 3'atsi'ckico {properly wi hatsi'c-

icak tsi'l, a proud man. kico), I am glad, icak tsi'ltsil, proud men. yuki'ts icatsi'ckicat, we were glad tsila'm, tcila'm (I), quail ("la caille") (D-109). (but called "a yellow and white tsict, tsi'tsi (D), pipe. bird," and so perhaps the meadow tsl't tsict, or tsi'tsi (not so good); lark; see also itsk). tobacco pipe; E. D. tsitsin (tsit tsi, tsi'latsk, wood tick. "tobacco bone"),

tsi'latsk i'com, tsi'latsk ico'm (I), sheep tsit, tsi't, tobacco; E. D. tsigg. ticks, seed-ticks, "small wood ticks." tsik-tlukcne, tobacco pipe (D-127). tsi'nac, tsina'c (I), a button. tsi't katke' mic, give me a chew of tsinniu [tsinniou], polecat (E. D.). tobacco! ("donne moi un chew to- tsip, to remove. bacco!"). ha'lkin tsl'pcat yuk'hi'ti tu'l o't, tsi't lau'kit, the tobacco burns, afterward he removed to Indian tsi't tsi'ct tsi'tsi, tobacco pipe, Lake (D-95). tsi't wocvg'nts, a cigar, a cigarette, tsi'pclo, let us move camp! ("d6m6- "hand worked tobacco." nageons!"). wai' tsi'tsi, a stone pipe (I). . . . .

122 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 103

wi tsi't tlu'kcnto, I will smoke tso'-ots wa'k tsi, corncob (I). tobacco, tso'-ots wa'c, leaves of corn, husks, wi tsi't yi'ntso, I wrap tobacco (into tso'-ots ya'kinto, I eat corn, I will

a cigar) ; also used of packages. eat corn. tsitatsi, to smoke the pipe (E. D.). tso'-ots ya'kit, I eat corn now. ts'ok, tso'k, blackbird (some have red tso'-ots yako', I want to eat corn, spots); E. D. tsumciman [tsum- tso'-ots ya'xne, weevil, "corn eater." shiman], tsumthimaan [tsoumthi- wi e'mu tso'-ots, I pound corn ("je maan.] pile du mais"). akip ts'ok, akip tsok (L-7), water wi tso'-ots a'tkane, I will make corn, turkey. wi tso'-ots pa'mic, I sow corn, Ts'o'k ta'-i, Tso'k Ta'-i (I), "Black- tsop,

bird River," Bayou Dinde (?) (6 to tsoptso'pc, spotted (flowered, in 7 miles from Lake Charles, near colors ("sem^")).

the middle lake). tsot, to stand (pi.?) (cf. illitt, ta, to), tsox, tsux, tsu'x, claw, nail (of man); ha' ica'k lu'kin tStso't tema'kip, E. D. tiggs naggst, fingernail; Ak. these men go to stand in mud up cu [choux] or ehuks [ehoux] (cf, to the knees, Ak. semak [semacq], finger, and icak tso-opi'ctit, they stand twist- tsum) ing(?) ("ils tordent"). hikat tsu'x, toenail (I). keiokwa'ts tso't, many bottles stand, tsu'x, wo'c tsu'x, fingernail (I). mon hiyitsot, many are standing, tsora (perhaps shortened from hitsom, yuki't kaukau'ki" tso'-onsSl (or tso'- "little"), ots61), we stand in the water, nee tsomc, cane ("baton"), "little yu'kit tso-opi'cintsSl, we stand twist- stick of wood?" ing(?). tso'-ots, tso-o'ts (Lr-4), corn, maize, ts

into flour, i. e., a mill(?) (D). kuts, red) ; E. D. tsoggs. tso'-ots a'kop, cornmeal (I). tsul, tso'-ots a'kc, green corn, the corn is ;^okotka'-uc nte' tsu'l, oko'tka-uc green {or unripe) ("mais tendre"). '^ (i)nte' tsuxl, shirt coUars. tso'-ots a°, corncrib, barn, tsura, tsum, to pinch, to scratch(?) (cf. tso'-ots 6'm, pounded corn, tsox). hi'atpe' tsu'mcne, I am on the tso'-ots he'wip hi'lc, corn sifted point of pinching him. repeatedly, ha' tsu'mkinto, I pinch him (now), tso'-ots hi'lc, sifted corn, wi tsum, I pinch, I scratch(?), tso'-ots hi'lckinto, I sift corn, wi ha' tsu'mo, I pinch him. tso'-ots hi'lcne, a sieve for corn, wi in tsu'mo, I pinch you.

tso'-ots hi'c, planting Indian corn wi na'k tsu'mo, I pinch ye (?). (I), wi ca'k tsu'mo, I pinch them, tso'-ots la'gc, ripe corn, the corn is na hitsu'mta or hitsu'mat, you are ripe, "the corn is hard." going to pinch me. tso'-ots li'li, ground corn, cornmeal, na tsu'mta, I am going to pinch you. flour, etc., milled, na ictsu'mta, you are going to pinch tso'-ots li'lina, corn mill ("moulin us. de mais"). na caktsu'mta, you are going to tso'-ots ne'yuc, tso'-ots neyu'c(?), pinch them, cornfield, maize field (I) ha hitsu'mgt, he pinched me. tso'-ots o'ts ta'nuk, one grain of corn, ha intsu'mSt, he pinches you. tso'-ots ta'l, husk of corn (I) ha tsu'mgt ta°', he pinched him tso'-ots wa'k, ear of corn (I). (another) .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 123

ha' ictsu'mgt, he pinched us. nee coxkita'-une, scaffolding, scaffold, ha' na'kit {or na'k-) tsu'mgt, he "boards to stand on." pinches ye. nee coxkita'-une ka'-u, I erect a ha' caktsu'mgt, he pinches them, scaffold, ha't na'hip hitsu'mgt, he pinched me ne'e te'xlk tat, the tree is blooming, how many times? the tree stands blooming, wi nak (h)i'tut tsu'mo, I pinched okotka'-uc ma'ii ko'm-tat, an over- ye all. coat hung up, an overcoat hang-

icak tsu'mc, a man pinched; pi. ing up (lit. standing erect), ca'ktsu'mc. tsi'kip tat, (blue) heron, "heron ciwa'n tsu'm ha'xc, don't pinch the standing."

cat! ta'nto, I am erect, cokcatsQ'mcne, tweezers (for hair, etc.). tat, standing, tsu'm hikots, I pinch and turn the ta'-u-hatpa'wickit, standing on a skin, I pinch a piece out. swing ("je me balance"). tsu'mc ha'xcta, before pinching him. ta'-uhatwa'nSnto Otsota't ot, ta'u tsu'mc ha'nckin, after pinching him. hatweni {or hatweninto) Otsota't tsu'mcip, on account of pinching ot, I pray to God. him, and because (I) pinched him. ta'-u iki'kit, a drop of water. tsu'mcne, for pinching; pi. ca'ktsu'm- "standing and dripping." cne. ta-uko'-ikit, he preaches ("il tsumthimaan [tsoumthimaan] (C), preche"); pi. ta-ucokko'-ikit or tsumciman [tsumshiman] (P), ta-ucokcokwa'nkit. (1) blackbird, (2; starling (?) (cf. tawatwe'nat, they prayed standing ts'ok). (L-14). tsuc, tsoc, tuts tanu'kip hiyita'nto, I stand on tso'cinc- tsuci'nc hicla'-uc (I), or one leg. icla'-uc, chill and fever, tema'k ilho'pc ta'nto, tema'k itlo'pc ta, to stand (see 1^19, 20) (cf. illitt, ta'nto, I am on my knees. tsot, to). Utsuta'tut, to Otsotat (L-14, 15). a° ya'fi pe'ltat, a house standing far wa'-i ta-upa'-ukit, the stone is off. swinging (like a pendulum); pi. hiyita'nto, I stand, -tit (I). hiyita'to, I will stand, wai ta'-u paupa'-utit, many stones kaukau' ta'-u ini'kit, the water comes swing, in. wi a° ta't hu'wa, or wi a° hu'wa, I see kaukau' ta'-u ini'xkit, the water a house standing (sometimes they comes in. add tat or ta-u to anything kaukau' ta-ulo'kit, the water stands standing) boiling, wi a'n waiine ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o), ka'-u ne'e caxkita'-une, a scaffold my house stands between the road for the dead (I), and the river (D). kglokwa'ts tat, a bottle standing (I). kece'c ta'-ucakwa'lcnto, I fan many wi iyi'ktat cukiu'lkinto, I stand and girls when standing, write, I write standing, na tik tat kauka'-ukin, you go and wi ta'-u-hatpa'wickit, I balance my- stand in the water, or you (sing.) self (I). are standing in the water, wi ta-uhatwe'ninto, wi tawatwe'n- na'u ta'-uwalwa'lckit, the feather is into, I pray (God), ("je prie waving (I). (Dieu)"). na'-u ta'-u walwa'lctit, many feath- yuki't itet o'tsi tat. Our Father who ers are waving, art in heaven (standing above), ne'cpa'l ne'kin tlo'p ta't, a post yuki't ta-uhatwS,'ni Otsota't o't, we driven into the ground. pray to God. 66784—32 9 .

124 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108 ta, to leave, to come out. a'n ta'-i o', the house is by the river a'nike nta'h6ntat, it came out of his ears (1^20). a'n ta'-i o'at, the house was by the a°(i)kin t'ha'ko, I come out of the river (I). house ("je sors de la maison")- a'n ta'-i o'tikit {or o'to or o'ta) the a'nkin ita'ko, I came out of the house will be by the river (I). house. Ka'tkac-yo'k ta'-i, Calcasieu River a"'lak pa'li yanta'-ul6t, a°'lak pa'lhi (I). ya' nta'-ulat, they have broken the kipa'xci ta'-i pa'mici'ko, I ford a prison and have gone out (those river on foot (kipa'xci not neces- inclosed) ("ils ont casse la prison sary according to D). et Font sorti (ceux enfermes)"). tsanu'kip hite'-uici'ko {or ite'w- ita'xne, to come out (D-140). i'ciko) ta'-i kipa'xci (hite'wici'ko), kaukau' am'n a'nike nta'h6ntat, the I ford a river on horseback. water he had drunk came out at Tso'k ta'-i, "Blackbird River," Bayou his ears. Dinde, near the middle lake, 6 or 7 k5'ts pon-nt'ha'na.°, or ko'tsispo"' miles from Lake Charles, ita'ni, chimney, ("cut into for the ta'-i atwa'lc, bridge (probable word smoke to go out")- used) (I). nta'na", in order for (smoke) to go ta'-i he'tskit, the river becomes out. broader (I). nta'-u, I get out. ta'-i hidco"', small river, guUey, small po' ita'ne, chimney "for smoke to ditch, leave." ta'-i hukina'm, forks of a river in po'ck hita'-uc(o), I draw the blood, their whole length, p'o'ck to'ts hita'-uc, sucking out ta'-i hukinu'l, forks of river blood (D-56). ("fourche"), meeting place, p'o'ck tots hita'-uco, I draw blood ta'-i ico'l {or icu'l), bayou, rivulet, out by suction; pi. cak'hita'uco. brook, cakita'-uculat, they let them out tai'kin cakiko'm, I fish in the river. (D-149). Ta'-i ko'p ki'c, "White-river Wo- cakla'mc p'osk cok'hita'-uckit, the man," the name of Delilah Moss's leech sucks out the blood, sister, wi it'a' ku, I want to get out; pi. of ta'-i ko'c, bend of river (referring

subj. nta'-u (?). to the water) : ta'-l uts, bend of wi nta'ku a°'lak it'hi, I went out of river (referring to the land). prison in the evening ("je suis Ta'-i ku'ds ti'cto, I go to Red River. sorti de la prison le soir "). Ta'-i ku'ts. Red River, wic nta'ku (or nta'hu) wi ite't ini'kat ta'-i lu'l ici'ko, wi ta'-i lu'l ici'ko, I a'nut (or a'nkin ini'hat), when I swam over to the other side of the went out my father entered the river, house ("quand j'etais sorti mon ta'-i mS, ino'-i, on the other side of the pere est entre dans la maison"). river. wi te'ns a^la'kin ita'hu, I left prison Ta'-i Mel, Bayou Noir, 15 miles in the evening (D). south of Lake Charles and near yuk'hi'ti ipcok ok ya pe'neat p'ock Big Lake (Lake Prien is Indian tots-hita'-uc, the Indian doctor Lake) came and cured by sucking blood. ta'-i ntu'l, ta'-i ndu'l, the mouth or tai [tay], poplar (E. D.). pass of a river ("riviere entre ta-i, river, brook (D-45) (seeakon(st)). au lac"), aknak micket tai'ki, aknak mi'ckit ta'-i o', by the river, on the bank of tai' kin, there are eddies in the the river, river. ta'-i o'c, bank or edge of river. .

GATSCHET] SWANTONJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 125

ta'-i o'ci, the banks of a river, on ne'e ta'l o'l ina'k, cinnamon color. the edge of a river (nearer than noha'mc ku' ta'l, egg-shell. ta'-i o'). Cakta'lko, icakcta'lko, cta'lko, seems ta'-i o'ci tikua'nto {or tik wa'nto), to mean "desiring a human being's I walk on the banks of a river, skin," and is said to have been a ta'-i o'c talanka'-u, the bank of the name for "a human skin changed river is sloping, into a person," a malicious spirit ta'-i o'tsi wa'lcti, a bridge over a who went about on all fours with river. his head lowered in front so that at ta'-i wa'lc, the river's waves, first he looked as if he were head- ta'yip ne, island, land of river, less. His body was covered with tu'l ta'yut (or ta'-i o't) iye' ka'c, the hair. He was seen sometimes in lake is deeper than the river. the bushes on Lower Lake Prien in

' Utse'x ta'-i, Serpent Bayou, the daytime. Called ' devil "(D), wi a'n wanne ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o), "turned into something bad" my house stands between the (Ix-32 (title)). road and the river, cokua'k ta'l, a crust of bread. ta-i, straight. tso'-ots ta'l, husk of corn (I). ta'-i kati'ct, straight, direct it goes. talanka'-u, slanting, sloping, trending. te'c ta'itai, straight hair. ne talanka'-u, land sloping, slanting, u'ts ta'-i, (pi.) u'ts ta'-itai, a straight trending (I). nose. ta'-i o'c talanka'-u, the river bank is taic (cf. ta, to leave, and ta", tan, slanting, a slope. other, another), talha'nc, the little blue heron or crane icak ta'-ic he'-u, many strangers, (see tsi'kip); Creole la grue (cf. ica'k ta'-ic o'kiS." yukit ne mo'n talko'p, hanc). ialpe'hiul6t, strangers have come talko'p, ta'lkop, talko'pka, blue; and taken all our land. E. D. yan [iann]. Ta'kapo (D-70, 112), Ta'kapa (D-93, a'yip texlk ta'lkop, marsh lily, "blue 120), an Atakapa. flower in marsh" ("fleur sauvage takine'n, takina"', a string of beads, bleue"). prayer beads, a rosary; Ak. oecua otse' talko'p, the blue racer, "blue [oechoua] (perhaps from wi, "my," snake." and CO, "seed"), cuk ta'lkop he'-u, "many blue hata'kinen (D-127), hataki'nS (I), things." pearl, bead. talko'p i'naha, not much blue, sort hatakinS."' o'ni, a cord or string of of blue. beads (o is said not to be the talko'pka yi'ltat, light shines blue. word for "cord") (I). talko'p kop, light blue, "blue- takis (cf. tots). white." takiskoiheu [takiscoiheu], mocking- talko'p na'k ta'lkop, dark blue, bird (E. D.) (it contains ko-i, talst, taalst, six (E. D.) (cf. lat). and he-u). hallg taalst, sixteen (E. D.). tal (cf. tarn). hehin taalst, sixty (E. D.).

ta'lcgm, full of holes (D-65). tain, hole (in ground) (cf. tal). tal, shell, bark, husk, peeling, rind; ne'kin ta'mc, grave in the ground

E. D. tall, skin (cf . til) ha'talko'at, his body turned into ne' ta'mkin, in a grave (D-124). (D-32). ne-tamnS,°, shovel, spade, "to make kauS,'n ta'l, shell of a turtle, a hole in the ground." nee ta'l, ne'e ta'l, bark of a tree, (ne-tamo) te', hole, ne'e ta'l kima'ti, fiber bark ("bark nu'l ta'mkin, when digging (D-135). inside tree"), tarn himo'c, to dig a grave, ne'e ta'l o'l, cinnamon ("cannelle"). wi ne'-ta'mo himo'cne, I dig a grave. . .

126 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wi tikta'mo tiho'p, I went to dig a tan, ta", tazn (D-142), other, another grave. also yet, as yet (perhaps two stems tain, to ascend, to climb (cf. ta, to (see tanu'k, one), stand) a'lc ta'n, it is frozen yet, ice yet eku'n na(k) ta'mo, I have just as- ("c'est glace"), cended, I begin mounting. ha' eta maka'-u ha'xcta, it is not yet ne'cki ta'mtsat tamhe'-uc, the spider fallen, goes up the tree. hila'yi ta'xnik, his other wife (L-17). ne'e he'-u cakta'mo, I climb many hila'yi ta'xnik pa' mat, his other wife trees. beat him. ne'e ta'mo, I climb a tree. hitet hoket ta'n, the father or the pa'mtampne, stairs, steps, "for as- mother, cending." ica'k hia'ta", ica'k ya'tan, the same tamhe'-uc ha' pa'kin ta'mtsat, the man. spider goes into its nest. icak konyu'ds ta°' caktewe' mo'kgt, wi' pa'mtampne ta'mo, I ascend the another young man has come with stairs. the others, tarn, to split. icak ta'n, another man. kako'k nicta'mc nit, a five-rail fence. ica'k tane'-u {or tan he'-u), many ne'ckinkc tame, lumber mill, "for other men. sawing wood." icak tanu'k ke-ula'cnto, I shave nec-kinc ta'mc a", saw cutting- another as I sit ("curious but they

house ( = sawmill) (D-135). say it"), nec-ta'mc, necta'mc, board, rail, i'cak tu hia'ta", always the same man. "split wood." ka'-u ha'xc ta'n, before he died ne'e ta'mcfit, a split tree; ne'e (D-106). ta'mtamcSt, split trees. ki'c ta'xnik wantsSt, she said to the ne'c-ta'mc ka'kok, a rail fence. other woman (D-142). ne'e ta'mcne', wedge "for splitting ki'c ta°', another woman (I), wood." komo'k he'-u ok tanu'ka, many differ- ta'mc, board, "splitting." ent baskets. wi nee kutsnShik ta'mco, I split man ha'xcta, before long, "not yet with a knife. long." wi nee pa'-icik ta'mco, I split with 'ntan (D-45), nta'n (D-47), or pe'n an ax (wi pa'-ic ne'e ikta'mco, ta, the other cousin, can not be said). ca' ta° ha' okotka'-uc pa'ts6mo, I wi ne'e tamta'mco, I split (one block) wash one shirt for another (per- in several places, and I split many son), blocks (each by itself). coxko'-i ta'nuk mon cokiya'-i o'tsi tamhe'-uc, spider ("araign^e") (I). tane'-uts, one chief was high above ne'cki ta'mtsat tamhe'-uc, the spider all the others, goes up the tree. u'l hiata"', the same dog (I). tamhe'-uc ha' pa'kin ta'mtsat, the u'l ta°', another dog (I). spider goes into its nest. tane'-u (D-117, 122, 146), ta'-ne'-u, tamhe'-uc hila'm (given in one place the others, the rest (of them) as hila'n), venomous spider (hila'm, tane'-uts, all the others, the others

to burn, smart, give pain) ("arai- (L-11) (-ts is perhaps an abbrevia- gnee venimeuse," "tarantula"). tion of ots, "above"), tamhe'-uc hili'ni, spider-web. ta'ntsipa'l, cocklebur (the small tan, kind), "sticking to one"(?). it'ha'nkc6t, I have vomited. wi le'ta, wi le't ta, my female cousin, tanc (A. R.), to throw up, to vomit. "mv other sister." J .

GATSCHET] S WANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 127

ya' hidso°' hive' ta°', he becomes no'mc tanu'k haihai'c hi'kit, a child smaller than the other. is coming down weeping, ya ica'k ta°, he is a man yet. no'mc ta'nuk ipu'ts, but one child, ya' ki'c cokci'u tane'-uca'k iya'-i, num tanu'k ite'wo, I ride on one side, this woman is the stingiest of all. o'ktanu'ka, different (D-78).

3^ac hidsc' i'ti tane'-us, the rest of cok'hec oktanu'k coka'-at, she had them are the smallest, or they are the same disease (D-92). the smallest of all. coko'n tanu'k caki'kco, I buy a cow. ya' yu'ds iye' ta"', he outgrows the cu'l ta'nuk, one dog (I), other, tso'-ots ots ta'nuk, one grain of corn, yu'lc io'-i o'k 'nu'xts a' 'n ta'nat tanu'kip, once (L-40; D-102, 106, 108). 'n a', send me word whether you tanu'k ma'ii iti', to overlap, one can come or not (D-43). longer than the other, one the taiiko'hi, to jump in (cf. kohits). longest, John tanko'hi ya' lu'1-ici'hat, John tanu'k cuki'n, tanukcuki'n, one-half (I) jumped in and swam over. tu'ts tanu'kip hiyita'nto, I stand on' tann, hard (E. D.) (cf. lak). one leg. ta'ntstal, ta'nstal, to'nstal, ti'nstal, woe pe' ha tanuk (L), wucpe' ha'l paper (see pon). tanu'k, eleven, times. tansta'lik, with cards (D-52). woe pe' ha' tanu'kip, eleven ta'ntstal hatpa'wico, the paper whirls alliu hannigg, one year (E. D.). about, halk hannik, eleven (E. D.). tantsta'l lakla'kc, paper money, iidl hannigg, one day (E. D.). ta'ntstal to'lka maka'wat, the paper tat, belly (E. D.) (cf. kom). falls down whirling, tat, yellow, also green; pl. ta'tat; E. ta'ntstal tle'm {or tle'm), the paper is D. tat, yellow, onntatat, green. torn, a'c ta't kop, light yellow, "yellow- ti'nstal ikili'kco, paper soaked white," light green. through, paper is soaking through, a'c ta't uc, salmon, "kind of yellow" tinsta'l kipa'xcip pu'nso, I blow (it also looks like "this is true across (over) the paper. yellow"). ya tantsta'l kontle'mo, I have torn icla'-uc ta't, yellow fever. this paper ("ce papier j'ai dechi- icla'-uc ta'tik, of yellow fever (D-88). r6"); pl. ko^te'mtemo. ku'tsn2,n ta't, copper, brass, "j^ellow ya tantsta'l tlSm, this paper is torn iron." ("ce papier est dechire"). ku'ts'n tat i'col, brass nail. tanu'k (1^16, 40; D-81, 113, 139, 142, ku' tat, yolk of egg (I) "egg yellow." 149), ta'ntik (L-11; D-97), one; la'klakc-tat, gold color, "silver-yel- E. D. hannik. low." ha'l(6) tanu'kip, one more, mo'n tat, yellow all over. hac no'mc tanu'k ipu'ts ke, he has ne'e wa'c tat, brown, "leaf yellow," but one child, color of dead leaves.

ilu' tanu'kin, one year ago. netatat, ne'-tatat (I), orange (the tree) i'cak ta'nuk, one man. noha'mc ku' tat, yolk of egg. leak tanu'kip ki'wilc ipco'kat, a on tat, grass green; E. D. onntatat, man who was once a doctor, green. icak tu'ts tanu'k ke'tsgm {or ke'tsep), cukco'c itskteta't, lark, meadow a man lame in one leg. lark (probably, described as a itiyi'lc tanu'k, one month. little larger than a mocking bird), kic tanu'k, one woman (I). "yellow breasted bird."

ne i'wevc tanu'k, a mile, "one land taue' [thaue'j, disagreeable (?), (E. D.). measure." ci taue' [shi thaue' (P), s\\^ thaou ne'e na tanu'k ko"' iya'-u, you lift (C)]. the smoke is disagreeable a stick at one end. (E. D.). ! .

128 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

tayo'ts, by the Indians; a tea was made taj'o'ts tuka'-u, pepper (black), from it. ." "like ? o'tse cokte'-i hadie'c, snake venom, te (D-130), bow (made of hickory) "snake's bad medicine." (of. te-i); E. D. woe [uosh]. cukte'-i a'mu, I take {lit., drink) ne'e te', a wooden bow (I). medicine, te n o, the bow and the string, cukte'-i hadie'c, cokte'-i hadie'c, te o (D), te' o' (I), bowstring, poison, "bad medicine." wo'c te', the right hand, "the bow cukte'-i kti'lcu, I swallowed medicine, hand" (?). wi cukte'-i micu, I doctor somebody, te, I give medicine to somebody, kidso'nc wi ukutka'-uc ma'nkin te- tek, te'ktekc, speckled (see came) ho'p la'wat, the fire burnt a hole ca'mc te'ktekc, "speckled wolf," a through in my coat, wild animal, probably the ocelot teho'p-ma'n, tube, tubiform, "long or tiger cat (felis pardalis), though hole." it may be mythical. It is des- teho'p tsa'ko, to stop up a hole cribed as of the size of a dog, ("boucher un trou"). gray in color, and with a short tail.) te, te', this seems to indicate plurality. teka'-uc, taka-u'c (I), branch, twig; hila'n te ne'e, big laurel ("gros pi. teka'mc. laurier"), magnolia (?) (a tall tree ne'e teka'-uc, branch of tree, twig of with white flowers and no spines) tree; pi. ne'e teka'mc. ne'e tewa'c manma'n, magnolia, ne'e taka'-uc icka'm, a large thick "broad-leaved tree." limb, ci'wat te ne'e, prickly ash ("frfine ne'e teka'mc, (1) brushwood, (2) piquant"), "tree with prickles." branches, limbs of trees ("des te' na'-u, the mane (of a horse). branches"), te wac, leaves (te wac said to be ne'e taka'mc icka'm, ne'e teka'mc used in sing, and pi.; wac only in icka'm, large thick limbs, sing, ne'c-teka'mc kamka'mc, the limbs te' wac co'ntit, the leaves rustle (in stand out from (the tree), the wind); sing, wa'c co'nkit (I). ne'e taka'mc neyu'c, brush fence te' wac tsa'k, dry leaves, a dry leaf ("clos fait avec des branches"), ("feuilles seches ") pi. te' ; wac tsak- no'x tgka'ms, no's: teka'mc (I), tsa'k. antlers, "many prongs." te' wac wilo'kit {or wilotit), the te'k'ho, te'ko, teko', tik'ho'; barrel, leaves fall, naki't teko' ti'-u Jumlu'micta, go ye te (possibly = ta, to stand). and roll that barrel! (D). te' nako'-i, you have to speak! get ya' teko' tik lumlu'mict(a), go roll up and speak this barrel! (also first pers. sing.). te-i, vine, creeper, liana; E. D. tsapalst, tegghuiau [tegghouiaou], nine(E. D.). vine (probably grapevine); per- hallg tegghuiau, nineteen (E. D.). haps Ak. te, "of wood," though hehin tegghuiau, ninety (E. D.). this may be the word for "bow" te?Ik, te'xlk (I), te'lk (A. R., I), flower misunderstood, (see tel). hila"' ico"' te'-i, vine of the little a'yip te'xlk ta'lkop, marsh lily, grapes ("liane des petits raisins"), "blue flower in the marshes" hila'n wo'l te'-i, vine of the musca- ("fleur sauvage bleue"). dine ("la liane de soko") (L-9.) ne'e texlk tat, the tree is blooming, "the tree stands blooming." cukte'-i (D-113), cokte'-i, medicine. texlk ha'xcta {or ha'xcta,) the flower hila'n cukte'-i, a kind of medicinal is budding, bud, "not flowered root called "buzzard medicine" yet." . . .

GATSCHET] DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 129 3 WANTON J

te'xlk hima"' hatse-e'c, this flower te'mak, tema'k, ti'mak, knee. smells bad. ha' ica'k lu'kin tiktat tema'kip, this to te'xlk hima"' to'l, this flower smells man goes to stand in mud up good. the knees; pi. tgtso't. te:jlk-kako'k-ti'mkin, rose, "flower in no'mc tema'k itlo' petit, the children the garden." kneel, te'xlk ket, bud opened out into a te'mak e'nc (I), ti'mak enc, kneecap,

flower (?), "bud sitting." "knee grease." te'xlk la'k, sunflower (I). tema'k ilho'pc ta'nto, I am on my te'xlk la'k ne'e, sunflower stalk, knees, te'xlk ne'e, jessamine, besides all te'mak kilho'pco (te'mak hilho'pco), flowering trees, I kneel down, I am kneeling, te'lk atpa'-ie, the flower opens out. te'mokc, brant ("outarde"). te'mom; tel, te'rnofl, te'rno", timo'm, an cakte'lefinst, they opened out ashes, their ears (Lr-40). tsit te'mom, tobacco ashes. haki't an kima'tip ne' o'ts a'n tempst, spring (of year) (E. D.). cakte'lent {or telte'lcnst), they tempst kaukauheu [tempst cau- unfolded their ears on the inside cauheu], the spring is rainy from below up (L-41). ("spring-water-much") (E.D.). mother, cakte'lco, I open, I unfold; pi. ca'k- teii (L), mother; E. D. teg'n, the teltelc. tegn, daughter (L denied -tern, subjeetive personal pronominal second usage) (see huke't) suflSx of the second person plural, tegn-icpe [tegn-ishpe], young mother na'kit icu'ltgm, you (pi.) caught it. (E. D.). naki't tsanu'k cakwinetgm nak caka'x- wi tegn [ue tegn (P), oue^ tegn (C)], lecat ka, did you find the horse my mother (E. D.). which you lost? tens, nephew; tensa', niece. na'kit t6m a'mtgm, you all drank tepu'k, ti'puk, te'buk, te'puk (Lr-2), yesterday(?). peach. te'puk ku'tskuts. tern (I, D-66, A. R.), yesterday (ten tepA'k ku'tskuts,

is also given but this seems to be prune, plum (Lr-3) properly the word for "dusk," or tepu'k ku'tskuts ne'kin, plum season, "evening" (see iti'); E. D. khat- tepu'k ne'kin, peach season, tebmn (khat said to=kut, "this"). tepu'k co' tuka'-u, almond "like a ha' te'm a'mat, he drank yesterday, peach stone," "resembling a peach haki't te'm te'm a'mulgt, haki't stone" (I). te'm a'mulat, they drank yester- tec, hair of head; E. D. taeec; Ak. kec day, ("cheveux"). this hair is short, i'ti te'm, day before yesterday, mu'kmuk ya' te'c, kic te'm yuk'hi'ti ko'-iat, she spoke te'c hatko'tsnto, I crop my hair, Atakapa yesterday, te'c mo'kmok, short hair, na' te'm a'mat, you drank yester- te'c mon, long hair (L-23) day, te'c ta'itai, straight hair, hair, na'kit (tern) a'mtem, nakit te'm te'c wo'lwol, te'c wulwu'l, curly naka'mat, you (pi.) drank yester- wi te'c manma'n hatna'-uco, I let my day, hair grow long {or I have long hair) hair te'm hitsa'nc6t, I was pushed yester- wi te'c manma'nu, I have long day ("il m'a pouss6 hier"). ("j'ai les cheveux longs"). ti'k cakno'nso te'm, I took a walk te-u, tail, end. the yesterday, I went visiting out of a'kna? te'-u ot, a'knax te'wat, doors yesterday. current comes from above. ! .

130 BUREAU OF AMEBICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

no'k te'-u, shoulder; Ak. est. hiku' wi nu'k tik i'ka ko', I want to no'k te'-u me'lmel, no'kte-u me'lmel go to make soup myself, (Lr-6), goose (tame and wild), hicoke'c kco' yi'lkit {or yi'l) mon te'-u kamka'm, tail fin(s). ti'co, though I am sick I go out te'-u na'-u, tail feathers (I). every day. Te'-u Tu'l, Tu'l Te'-u (D-72, 94), hoktewe' ti'ulat, they left together Lake Charles, lake and a village on ("ils sont partis ensemble"), the same, "End Lake." ho'kuanc ti'cat, ho'kuanckin ti'cat, te'wike tu' iwat, the boat {or canoe) he went on the warpath. comes from above ("la pirogue va ho'lco(t) ti'cta, I am to travel to the venir d'en haut"). north, te-u, icak hi'ki-tewe ti'cat, this man ac- te'-ute-u, rice, companied me. teyo', te'yo, te'yux, box, chest, trunk, icak hiyania'n co' ti'we ti'co, I was valise. afraid of him but went with him. a' teyo', this box. ickali't hitiktsa'nu, I go and hide a teyo' a'vne {not a'pne), put the box child, right here! iti ma'n hihaixtikyllco, I wept all teyo' hihatse-uwa'ngt, I forgot my night, trunk, iti man hiwa Ic tiki'lat {or tik yi'lat), teyo' hicakatse-uwa'ngt, I forgot my I dream all night (until daylight), trunks, iya'n {or ya'ni) tiv, there we will go teyo' hiya'p ne, put the box right (D-47). there ka'kin ti'cta, I go to the woods, te'yux kolilawinS, te'yux kolilaka'- ki'c 'nto'lgn na'xkan ti'c6n, if you una, a match box. are a smart woman you will not go til te'yux ya'mne, a strap for a {or would not go), valise. ku kuds ti'cto, I go to Red River, wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, I ku'ltan ok-ti'cat, a long time has put the box on the chair, passed ("come and gone"), fci, to go; in E. D. given as tic [tish] la'k ti'ci, go quickly! but c is evidently a suffix; Gatschet la'k timto', go quick ye! gives tic ("aller") in one place. lo'xkin saki'ns, go and visit on the akipa'-iu(t) ti'cta, I am to travel to prairie! (D-46). the south, mom okti'cat, a mole has passed akma'ltitst, akma'lc tits, fall, "go- ("come and gone") ("a pass^ ing to be winter." la"), ha ica'k lu'kin tiktat tema'kip, this naki't teko' ti'-u lumlu'micta, go ye man goes to stand in the mud up and roll that barrel! to his knees; pi. tgtso't. na tik tat kaukau'kin, you go and haki't ti'ucak'n o'nhulet, they took a stand in the water! {or you are walk, they went out of doors standing in the water), (visiting) na ti'ct hiua'jo, you send me. hati't tiko'mc, apron, "hanging in ne mak o'tsip ti'cta John tewe(ta), front as one goes"(?) (I), I will go to the mountain with he'-u cakcu'c ka'-u ti'utit, many John (I), birds fly. ne mak o'tsip ti'cta wi itet tewe'ta, hiki'u(t) ti'cta, I am to travel to the I will go to the mountain with west, my father (I). hiku' ti'k ika ko', I going am to make nee net hi'ko, or ne ti'ko, I climb some soup for you ("je vous vais down from the tree (wi hi'ko = aller faire du bouillon"; ti'k = ika "to come down" when net is "aller pour faire"). with it). hiku' (ti-u) icka ko', we want to 'n hatpe'n icti'-dhil {or -6h6), when make soup. you are ready we will start. .

GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 131

'nhi i'nat; hatna'xka pa'-ihiticnana, tik'hu' wo, I go and visit somebody, you have sent to find me; how can I went to visit somebody {or I return? ("tu m'as envoye cher- hu'-uo). cher; comment puis-je retour- ti'k ni'hue, go and lie down! ner?"). tik'pa'yat, she turned back (D-107). nic hiti'c lo'xkin, I go upon the tikpum ne'kin, at the dancing prairie, place (D-27). nt'ha' di'cta, where do you go? tikpu'mudl {or tikpu'mst), where (ta', where), they went to dance (Lr-27). nti'cin tu'lut, when you go to the ti'k cakno'nso te'm, I took a walk

lake, it is necessary to go to the yesterday, I went out of doors lake ("il te faut aller au lac"). yesterday, okwa'nc o't ti'cat, he went to war ticaha'xcne, not to go. (D-104). ti'c a'-ucat, she could not go (D-106). Q'dl 'n icti'hA ti'5h6 {or ti'une), ti'c ha'xcne, not to go (D-111). when you are near we will start, ti'c ko'hat, she wanted to go (D-110). ti'cne, to go (D-110). ol 'no'kfin icti'ufihS {or ti'une), if ti'ct, having gone. you come near we will start, ti'c(t) hiwa'cgt, I send you (now) otse' he'-u ci'utiutit, the snakes go ("je t'envoie {k cette heure")). crawling, ti-u, tiv (D-47), going, pa'-i (h)iti'cko, I want to go (I ti-u-akna'kit tu'l hukinu'l, it flows ought to leave) into the lake, pa'-i tic, go away then! go back! ti'ula ina'ha, shall we go yonder? ("va t'en done!"), ("allons nous 1^-bas?"). pu'mi ti'ulo, let us dance! ("allons ti'ulo, let us go ("nous allons!"). au bal!"). ti'une, to go, to proceed (D-126). puns tik-micke'co (I), pun tik- tiu nokicnto, ti-u no'kicinto, you micke'co, I blow something around, (pi.) go and lie down! ca'k 'ncu'pats hi'mic ti'kit, who is tiu-pa'mtSt ne'cik, thej- are going going to wash for me? ("qui va to beat with a club. laver pour moi?"). to'lpo(t) ti'cta, I am to travel to the cakhatna'wat tik cak, to go to ask east, credit, I borrow ("aller demander tu'l o't nti'cne, you must go to the le credit; j'emprunte"). lake, co'xko-i hat'ti'dsulat, they went to tu'lut nti'cn to'lhi, you should go law with him. to the lake ("tu serrais aller au cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x hatipa'ts- lac"), icat, the dog runs and turns a somer- tu'lut ti'ct hiwa'hiulat, I have been sault, ordered to go to the lake, they ta'-i ka ti'ct, straight {or direct) it have sent me to the lake ("on goes. m'ordonne d'aller au lac"), Ta'-i Ku'ds ti'cto, I go to Red wan ti'cto, you go to the dance, River, wi ne ti'co, I go downstairs, "I go ta'-i o'ci tikua'nts, ta'-i o'ci tik downward." wa'fito, I walk on the banks of a wi ne-yu'ckin pakna'-u ti'co, I run river; pi. ti'u wa'ftto (I). across a field, tanu'kip ti'cat, once she started wi nu'n o't {or u't) pa'i hiti'c (t) ko (D-106). I want to return home ("to my tik ha'ngt, he came near (from tik, village"), "going," and han, "almost," wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat tik'hu', "near"), I went to the place where they tik'hu ko'hat, she wanted to go (and had killed an ox (tik'hu, "ai see) (D-105). visite"). . . .

132 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [BULL. 108

wi'c hiti'cnen, I must go, I have to go. tik nomc lat ke'at, until she had wic hiti'c tu'lkin, I go upon the lake, three children, wic tikpo'tsicu, I go and turn loose. tik yi'lco, tik yi'l, till day. wic tittlu'kcnto, I smoke (can also ya'-uti'k hi'ok'n, wait till I come! be said of the habit of smoking) tixt, ti, to lie down (D-150). wic tittlu'kco, I have been to smoke a'lc tixt, all is frozen over, "(all) lies ("j'ai ete fumer"). frozen" ("c'est glace"), wi ti'cta, I go away; pi. yuki't ti'uta. a'nkin ti'xkin, while lying in the wi tict 'nwa'co, wi tict nua'jo, I sent house (D-122).

you (tict, past; tic, present), hi'ti^t, I am in bed, I lie. yan {or hiya'n) tic, go over there! nA'n ti'xt mun wa'nu, I walk every- ya'n yuki't icti'uto, shall we go where in the village, there? o'i ti'xt, he lies asleep, ya' teko' tik lumlu'mict(a), go and pa'm nu'lip ti'xt, tracks of many roll this barrel! (I) (also 1st lying there, pers. sing.), pa'm ti'xt inu'lulat, they left many yuki't kan cakti'ts, we carry them footprints lying there, home (D-51). pe'lkin ti(xt), lying on the bed yuki't ti-u (or ti'via), we go upon (D-76). the prairie, ca coke'c ti'xt wi hi'nai, I think yuki't tiu o'-ilo, let us go to sleep someone lies sick ("je crois qu'il ("allons dormir"). y a quelqu'un de malade"). yu'kit tiupo'tsicu, we go and turn tati'hin-tat, he lay down (L-19) loose, tikinto, I am going to lie down, yu'kit tiucakpo'tsicu, we go and ti'xt hatpa'-uckit, I swing lying in a turn many things loose, hammock, yu'kit tiucak'nonsts6l, we take a ti'u ko'-ikinto, I speak while lying walk, we go out of doors. (in bed, etc.). tik, arrow (D-130); E. D. skenne'; tik wi ko'mep ti'hito, I lie on the belly, (ticq), the Ak. word meaning yil lat himato'1-u tati'hin-tat, he "gunpowder," is probably identical lay down for three or four days. with this. til, skin, leather, hide, a leather ku'dsnS.n ti'k icat, an iron arrow- strap,

head (I). an-hipo'n ti'l, rabbit skin (I).

ti'k a'xp pe'm, shoot (your) arrow ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'i, the awl is right here! under the buckskin (I) ti'k kaukau'kin po'lc-wa'nkit, an ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'itikit, the awl arrow floats in the water (I), will be under the buckskin (I). ti'k icat, arrowhead (anciently of ho'pcne la'ns ti'l hu'yat, the awl stone) was under the buckskin (I).

ti'k ico'm, lead, bullet, "little arrow" la'ns ti'l, buckskin (I).

("fleche petite"), coko°' ti'l, coko'm ti'l, skin of ox.

ti'k pem, go and shoot! ti'l hat'hiyamne, belt, strap for ti'k po'tsic, (1) shoot the arrow! girding myself,

(2) turn it loose! ti'l hatyS'mne, belt for girding one- tik po'tsico o'tsot, I shoot an arrow self,

up perpendicularly, til te' yux yS'mne, strap for valise, ti'k puns (I), dik puns {or pu'nsne) till, till, elm (E. D.). blowgun. tim, picket, paling. tik (D-99), until, till (probably from kako'k ti'm, yard, court, garden, ti, "to go," and sig. "going on " picket fence " (tim = tam?), "split until"). board fence." ti'k imo'ctin, up to the funeral, till te'xlk-kako'k ti'mkin, "flower in the funeral, (I>-123). the garden," rose. .

OATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 133 tim, hoktewe, cokia'yo, we eat together, a'n ti'mnan, candle, "for lighting hoktewe' ti'ulat, they left together the house." ("ils sont partis ensemble"), imti'mnS, y6'lic, light the candle! hoktewe to, we are together (L) (see

(im = an(?) ). to), imti'mne, candle (I), hoktiwe (D-99), oktewe (D-127), ti'mnii", for lighting, together ti'mka, many times, often. hoktiwe imo'culat, they inhumed all timokst, bustard ("outarde") (P), together (D-130, 133). buzzard (C) (E. D.). hoktiwe icwa'n6h6, we will walk tins, gall, bile, together (D-45). tippell, feet (E. D.). icak hi'ki-tewe ti'cat, this man tippell caa [tippell shaa] (C), tippell accompanied me. ha (P), toes (perhaps caa should icak hiyania'n co' tiwe ti'co, I was be cka, small (E. D.). afraid of him but went with him. tica't, brain (cf. ica't) (perhaps from icak konyu'ds ta"' caktewe' mo'kfit, kimati icat, inside head, or from another young man has come with te (pi.) and icat). the rest, ti-u, to broil (cf. wak). ictiwe, close to us. al ti'u, broiled meat, ku'lke hoktewe' to'xnts61, ku'lke(?) al tiuna, a gridiron, hoktewe' to'xntsol, we have been coko'n ti'u, roast beef, together alwaj's. wi al ti'ukinto, I broil meat on a mon ho'ktiwe pu'mlo, let us dance gridiron, etc. all together! tl-u, swiftly (D seems to deny this ne mak o'tsip ti'cta John tewe(ta), meaning but she was evidently I will go to the mountain with wrong) (cf. tiuxts) (from ti to John (I). go?), ne mak o'tsip ti'cta wi itet tewe'ta, ti'u akna'kit (ta'-i), the river runs I will go to the mountain with my swiftly or rapidly, father (I).

ti'u ha'-ukit, it snows continuously or wi kan pa'-i o'kta John tewe, I will fast, go home with John (I). ti'u kaukau'kit, it rains hard, tkigpiim, {or tkigpiim) squirrel,

ti'-umi'myi'lckit, it is lightning, ground squirrel (E. D.). ti'-upo'kit, it drizzles or mists fast. t?ut, tu't, cypress. ti'uxts, tiu'xts, tu'-uxts, slowly, a tu't a'i, swamp, cypress swamp. little (cf. ti-u). -to, imperative suffix of the second tsanu'k tu'-uxts tsa't, the horse is person plural, pacing, the horse is going slow, hathu'nto, look here ye! tiu'xts akna'kit, the river runs iya'-unto, wait ye! slowly, ko'nnto, catch him ye!; sing. kon. ti'uxts po'kit, it drizzles or mists lak timto, go quickly ye! gently, naki't a'mto, drink ye! ti'uxts kaukau'kit, it rains gently, uk S.'mto, come ye and drink! ti'uxts ket ia'-uc, I can not keep to, to sit, to stand, to be there, to be

still, I am restless, alive (pi. of ke?) (cf. illitt, tsot, ta, ti-u'xts pakna'-u, I run slowly. total) (wic to, I sit, can not be ti'-u?ts wa'nkit, he walks or comes said) slowly, he behaves, hoktewe to, we are together, ti'uxts yimyi'lckit, it is lightning hoktiwe to'hulat, she lived with her slowly, father, "they sat together." (I>- wi ti'uxts ke't'nto, I sit still or quiet. 99). tiwe, tewe, with, close to, near, ku'lke hoktewe' to':^ntsol, ku'lke hakit o'l caktiwe, close to them, hoktewe, to'xntsol, we have been hitiwe, come with me! together always. .

134 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

nu'nkin to'hulat, the}' lived in vil- To'ktokc (usually contracted to lages (D-31). To' tokc), "Round (Eyes)," the to (h)okwa'lcntsSl, we fan each other native name of Delia Moss. sitting. tol, head, end. wic to'hu, I live (wrong?). kotsto'lc, square but with the corners yap ne to, upon this spot or place, cut off. yuki't no'mcsgm tu'xtsSl, we chil- tolho'pc hokico'mik o°'yu {or 6'ne dren stayed alone (D-108). or o'ne), I thread a needle ("j'en- yuki't nu'k tu'xtsSl, we stay by our- file un argiiille"). selves; sing, wi nu'k ke'to, I stay tolho'pcik ikika'wet, tolho'pcik hi- by myself, atka'-ucat, I ran a needle into the yuki't to okatka'mckitnto, we sit skin, scratching each other. tol kgma'kict tanu'k hike', tol- to, ggma'kict tanu'k hike', I have one to ku'p ina'ha, sort of whitish, half pin. white and half gray, to'lki makict hfits (or to'lk hima'kic), to-u'c i'naha, purple, violet, dark a large pin, a long pin, a breast pin, gray(?). "a large thing with the end made tohi, to-i, to get into, to enter. into a knob." ne'c-pa'l idso°'kin to'(h)i-a, getting tolo'pcik itkatka'wico, I stuck (or into a buggy (D-46). punctured) myself with a needle, ne'c-pa'lkin to'hio, I got into a wi to'I-kgma'kict, wi to'1-ggma'kict, wagon. my pin. wic to'hia nespa'lkin to'hia, I get wi tolho'pc, my needle, "hole in end." into a carriage, tol, anus. wic to'hia tu'kin to'hia, I get into a tol, good, well, healthy, excellent, all boat, right; E. D. tolc [tolch] or totch, wi tu'(kin) to'hia, I get into a boat; an evident misreading (including obj. pi. cakto-i. -c suffix) (cf. hu). yuki't to'-itsSl, we get in. ha'-ac to'l atvi'v, he thinks he is to'hinak, just so, because, therefore good, ("c'est pourquoi"). haki'ts to'ltol atvi'v61, they think tok, dull. themselves good, kudsng'n to'k, kudsnS'n to'k, a dull he' (k)co' to'lha, strong but not good knife; (pi.) to'ktok. (wine) to'kitsit, grasshopper (I). hinak wito'-ul cukia'ko, hinak wi togske (thoggskee), pigeon (E. D.). to'] cukia'ko, I have eaten enough, tokc, ball, round, globular, to make (or well), into a ball, to wind up. icak paito'luc, a generous man, "a a'lc to'kc, a chunk of ice. too-good man"; pi. icak paitol- ho'kicom tu'kc, a spool, "thread to'luc, many too good men, many wound up" ("une pelote de fil"). generous men.

ica't to'kc, round heads (D-54). ica'k co'jf kc6 to'lha', ica'k co'kco o'kin to'kc, wrapped in a blanket to'lha', a good-for-nothing ("un (D-126). bon-a-rien"). o'kin tokculat, they wrapped in a icak tul, icak tol, a good man, a blanket, liberal man (D).

cokto'kc, ball (?) (D-64). ica'k to'lat, he was a good man co'ktokcik, with the ball (D-64). (D-102). to'kc no'mc a°ka'mcne, "ball for icak w5c tu'l, a right-handed man. children to play with." ica't to'l ke, having a good head to'kco, I wind up. ("bonne tete ayant"). ! .

GATSCHET] SWANTONJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 135

ito'] ha, I am unwell, "I am not wo'nnan to'l, a good road, a good good." way. kitsa'k a'mne to'l ha', the drinking of wo'c to'l, right hand, "good hand." whiskey is not good, yi'l to'l, the sky is clear, it is a fine ki'c 'nto'16n na'xkan ti'cfin, if you are day, "day good." a smart woman you will not go yi'l to'l tsa'k hi'nai, I think that it there {or you would not), will be good weather and dry ki'c to'l, a good woman, ("je crois qu'il fera beau temps et la'klakc to'l hi-i'kicat, he has paid me sec"). good money ("il m'a pay6 argent

comptant (or bon) "(?). igg] tolct [iggl tolsht (P), iig tolch (C)],

ne'e akili'kc to'lka la'u ha'xc, wet the day is fine or clear (E. D.). wood doesn't burn well, lak tolc [lacg tolch], the day is clear ne'e a'n himat to'lka), the soap or good (C, E. D.). smells good, teg-idlect tolct [teg-idlesht tolsht], ne-cilcnan i'l to'lka ci'lcntat, a new the moon shines (E. D.). broom sweeps well, tagg totch [evidently for lagg tolch],

nee to'l, hard or "good" wood; pi. the sky is clear (P). nee to'ltol. tol, a', is it well you? (D-68). 'nto'l with to'] ku'ts i'naha, brown, "nearly pa-ito'lucat wi' ot, he was too good resembling red." to me (D-104). to'li, to'lpo (I), east. cla nto'la, are you well? (according to'like icak, an eastern man. to Teet Verdine). to'lpot ino', on the east side (D-71). coxto'l, luck (D-52). to'lpo ti'cta, I am to travel to the coxto'l he'-u wic ke',* I have (nmch) east (to'lpo, two suffixes?). luck, ya' icak to'like 6t, this man comes ta'nstal to'lka maka'wat, the paper from the east. falls down whirling, to"nta'fm (L-34), to'unta'v'm (D-34), te'xlk hima"' to'l, this flower smells to"nta'vm (Lr-34), sometimes. good, to'pict, oak, acorn; E. D. tops, oak. to'l a', it is good ("c'est bon"). to'pict ne'e, oak tree (any species). to'lka, to'l ka, well done, well, tosigs [thosiggs], tholsiggs (C), the to'lka at'hu', to'lkatu', be careful! little blue heron (E. D.) (see watch tsikip) to'lka hatu' wa'n, to'lka hat'hu' tots, to suck, to kiss. wa'fi, he takes care of himself, hato'tso, I suck (reflexive) (for to'lka heyi'kiulat, they paid me well, hat-to' tso). to'lka 'npa'xcfin, to'lka-anpa'xcfin, (h)okto'tsts61, suck (reciprocally), listen well! ("ecoute bien!"). we kat-tu'ts, a kiss, to'lkat a'tpaxc, listen well! p'o'ck to'ts hita'-uc, sucking blood to'lkat hu'o, I am careful (not to'lka). out (D-56). to'lc, gentle, domesticated, not wild; pi. to'ltolc. p'o'ck tots hita'-uco, I draw the pi. of obj. to'ts 'ntu'lc, suck it out!, "make it blood out by suction: good by sucking!" (D). cak'hita'uco. tu'l ka'kit, he lives well (or with cakla'mc to'tskit, the leech is suck- comfort), he does well, ing. wic to'lkat hu', I watch, I am on the t5'tskit, it sucks, lookout. tots 'ntu'lc, suck it out! wi to'lka-u, I cure, "I make good"; wic hito'tso, I suck; iterative tots- tol-nka'-u, I make good (L) totso. (probably should be "you make wic ka't-t6'ts(o), I kiss (kat = good"). "mouth"). . .

136 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108 tots, tu' ci'l ok'hia' ke, the schooner has a tots-koi'-he'-u, mocking bird, "talk- sail, ing much?"; E. D. takis-koi-heu wi'c hiti'c tu'lkin, I go upon the lake, [takiscoiheu (P), taquis koi heou (C)] wi tu'(kin) to'hio, I get into a boat; tot, soft, silken. pi. cakto'i. na'-u tot, down (feathers), "silken tuk, to bring, to fetch. feathers." o'l tu'ko wi ail ot, o'l tii'k'ho wi a'n Kic-tot, a woman's name, "Down- ot, I bring home a persimmon, woman." cakwing cokwa'nic ya' coktu'kulfit, total (of. to). finding them, let them drive them to'taiha'xc, for nothing; the Eastern up and fetch them (D-60). Atakapa (or Opelousa?) equiv- wi tsanu'k tu'ko, I fetch my horse; alent for to'taiha'xc was ko'n- (pi.) caktu'ko. konpetina'ha. wic tsanu'k wa'nic tu'ko, I drive the yac nak tu'taiha'xc nka'kit, ya'c nak horse up. tu'taiha'xc, you do that for nothing. yuki't a'n ot tu'kto, we will fetch it toto'c, penis (of. kams and jakoms). home. tu, cane. tuka'-u, tika'-u, resembling, like; to neck-ol tu, neck-ul tu, nick-ol tu look like, to resemble, {also given as ne'e kotu' and ne'e ikunyu'ts caktika'-u, she looked

kultu'), sugarcane. young like them (D-75) . neck-ol tu li'linS., ne'ckoltu li'lin^, kucmel tuka'-u, monkey, "resemb- sugar press, sugar mill. ling a negro"; pi. cuktuka'-u.

tu' ai', swamp, "cane swamp"; given oktika'-u, hoktuka'-u, resembling as tu't ai by one informant. each other, what resembles ("cela tu' at'ho'pc, tu' kalho'pc, the cane is se ressemble"). hollow (L). (D has tu' kat'ho'pc co'k oktika'-u ha', things differing which is evidently wrong) among themselves, tu'ik ka', made of cane (D-128). tsa'ma kuts tuka'-u, (white) shrimp, tu' ico'mc, small cane (used for "like a crawfish." arrows) tayo'ts tuka'-u, black pepper "like (?)." tu, boat, canoe; Ak. niltaks [niltax], tepu'k co' tuka'-u, almond, "like a ship, vessel. peach stone." ha' tu' icuhe', he is uneasy about his tla'kc tuka'-u, a kind of dull color, a boat. dirt color ("maniere de couleur icak tu'ket, man in a boat. sale"). cu'kike tu' iwat, the boat {or canoe) walwa'lc caktika'-u {or caktuka'-u), comes from below ("la pirogue va wavy, looking like waves." venir d'en bas"). wic ikunyu'ts caktika'-u, I look te'wike tu' iwat, the boat {or canoe) young,

comes from above ("la pirogue va tul, lake, ocean (I) ; E. D. ciwon venir d'en haut"). [shiuon]; Ak. koko [cocaue], ocean tu' hidso'n, a skiff, a canoe. ("water"). tu' hopke', the boat is leaking, nti'cin tu'lut, when you go to the lake, "boat has a hole." it is necessary for you to go to the tu' kaukau' hu'i ko'hits, the boat lake ("il te faut aller au lac"). sinks to the bottom. ti-u-akna'kit tu'l hukinu'l, it runs tu'kin to'hia, I get into a boat. into the lake, tu'-ke'mcne, tu'-ke'mc (D-47), row- tul he'ts, "big lake," the ocean, also boat. specific name for the biggest of tu' po'-ip wa'n, tu' po'p wan (I), tu' the lakes about Lake Charles po' wa'n, steamboat, "boat going and the name of an Indian village by smoke." there (I), tu' cil, schooner ("bateau k voiles"). tu'l ka'c, a deep ("creux") lake......

QAT3CHET1 swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 137

tul ka'ckit, it is flood tide. tu'ts wa', bone marrow (I), tu'lkin, in the lake (D-146). tut, before, coming. tu'l ma ino'-i, across the lake (D-lOO) a' elu' tut, the spring of this year. tul nal, low lake (?). elu' tu't, spring (I). tul na'let, it is ebb tide. hika'-untet yi'l tu'tan, I awoke tul na'lkit, the tide is ebbing. before day. tu'l nti°', village on the lake ("village yi'l tu't, yi'l tut (D-108), yi'l tu'tan sur le lac"). (I), before daylight, tu'l o't nti'cne, you must go to the yil tut nen ol, a little before day- lake, light. tu'l ta'yut iye' ka'c, the lake is tla, tla' (I), mosquito (proper term). deeper than the river. tla'kict or la'kict (L-7), kantak (a Tu'l Te'-u (D-72, 94), Te'-u tu'l, smilax) "End Lake," Lake Charles lake, tla-u, klau (A. R.), light (in weight), tu'lut nti'cn to'lhi, you should go to he'ts kco tla'-u, big but light, the lake, it is good that you go to tla'-u na'k tla'-u, very light (to lift). the lake ("tu serrais aller au lac"), tlakc, dirty; pi. tla'tlakc (distinct from tu'lut ti'ct hiwa'hiulat, I have been tlokc) ordered to go to the lake, they na' It la'kc, your face is dirty (I). have sent me to the lake ("on co'kat ka' tla'kc, a large pile of dirt m'ordonne d'aller au lac"), ("un large sale"), tu'l wa'lc, the waves, of the sea ("les tla'kc tuka'-u, dirt color ("maniere lames de la mer") (D); verb tu'l de couleur sale"). wa'lckit. wi rt tla'kc, my face is dirty, tu'l wa'lc na'k wa'lc, lake billows tlem, t'lem, t'lam, tzem, tern; to tear, are big (they were thought to be ko^'txe'mo, I tear (" je dechire"; (pi.) wrathful) ko"te'mtemo). ya' po'lc wa'nkit tu'lki(n), that ta'ntstal tle'm {or tle'm), the paper floats on the lake ("cela flotte is torn, sur le lac"). ya' cu'l ha' a'n tlemtle'm, the ears of Yuk'hi'ti tu'l (D-71, 95, 134), Yuki'ti that dog are torn, tu'l, "Indian Lake." ya tantsta'l kon tie' mo, I have torn Yu'hi'ti tu'lip, on Indian Lake this paper ("ce papier j'ai de- (L-35). chire"). tu'ts, leg, foot; E. D. tets, leg; Ak. ya tantsta'l t'lSm, this paper is torn tus [tons], ("ce papier est dechire"). icak tu'ts koko'k, a bow-legged tie, tlo, to (cf. am, hiku', ilu', itsai, man. also tlokc). icak tu'ts tsi'k ke'ts6p, a man lame kaukau' ta-ulo'kit (A. R.), kaka'-u in both legs, ta-utlo'kit, the water boils (ta-u = icak tu'ts tanu'k ke'tsfim {or ke'tsep), standing) a man lame in one leg. tlokc, turbid, roily, muddy (distinct

ne tutsa'lc ( = ne tu'ts tsa'lc), I from tlakc). stamp with the foot, kau'kau tlo'kc, turbid water, muddy ciwon tu'ts, leg of cat. water, tu'ts hatto'kico, I bend the leg. kau'kau u'c tlokc, the water is roily, tu'ts he'-u, centipede, "many feet." or muddy. tu'ts ko'm-al, calf of leg. tlom, lorn, to spill, to upset.

tu'ts na'l, (1) calf of leg, (2) tendon (h)ilo'mc, upside down, I spilt or or ligament of foot, upset something (L). tu'ts tsi, shin bone and ankle, tto'mico, I spill many things, tu'ts tanu'kip hiyita'nto, I stand on wi ilo'mcfit, I have upset, or spilt (a one leg. bottle). 138 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

tlop, lop, to prick, to stick into, uici, wici (Gatschet seems to have al lo'p, al top (A. R.), a stick on witci), large, big (E. D.) (see uc). which to roast meat, ne' uici [ne' uishy], the earth {or

kaxlo'pc, water chinkapins (?) (D-48) land) is large (E. D.). (see hop), uicik [ouichik], big, thick ("gros") kucna'kgt lo'pict, spurs, "what pricks (E. D.). the flanks." uicin [uichin], broad, wide (E. D.). ku'cnak caklo'pcne, spurs, nk, shell (closed) ("palourde"), oyster ne'cpa'l ne'kin tlo'p ta't, a post (iwal=an open shell). driven into the ground, uk, boil, ulcer (I). ne'e tlo'pne, a post (I). uk ico'm, pimple, "a little boil." coklopia'nS {or coklopiaxne), fork, uxts, uxts, to know, can, able, "stick with which to eat." a' (h)atu'xtsat, I remember this. lo'pico, to prick ("piquer") ("I a'tnaxka ma'fi ke't 'nu'xts a, how prick"?), long can you stay? (D-44). wi ku'cnak caklo'pco, I prick the hiuhtsa', I do not know (a=ha). flanks, (h)iu'xts atka'ki, ever since I knew wi ne'e tlo'po ne'kin, I stick a post her (D-73). into the ground, hiu'ytsat na, or hiatu'xtsat na, I wi topna'-u, I stick up something all remembered you. over: I cause to stick into. icak cokcaktsafic ko°' u'xts, they can wi io'picto, I will prick, catch the thieves (D-61). wi lo'po, I prick, ke'mc hia'-uc6n ika'-uts'n, if I had wi ne'e ne'kin tlo'po, I stick a post not known how to row he would into the ground. have been drowned, tl5p, Ihop (perhaps identical with the o'k iu'xts, I can come, I am able to preceding), come, no'mc temak itlo'pctit, the children caka'-u ko'-i u'xts, those who know kneel (temak = kneel; nomc = chil- how to speak the language of the

dren) . dead ("ceux qui savent parler la te'mak h(k)ilho'pco, I kneel down, I langue des morts"). am kneeling, cakwa'nts u'xtsSt, she could tell tema'k ilho'pc {or itlo'pc) ta'nto, I (D-84). am on my knees. cok he'-u cakwa'nts u'xtsat, she tlot, could tell many things,

ne tlo't, small elevation, slope, co'k-he'-uxts, cok i'uxts, I know it, "butte." I know something, tluk, tluk, to smoke tobacco, cokia'xti {or cuk-ya'hi (?)) a'uc, I ke'-ucuxkinto na'kc ke-uciu'lkinto, I can not eat.

smoke while writing (?). cokia'ti {or cok-ia'hi) uxts {or uxts), tsit-tlukcne, tsik-tlukcne (D-127), I can eat something; u'xtsat, past tobacco pipe, action, wi tsit tlii'kcnto, I will smoke to- cok CO he'-uxtsa', I know nothing, bacco, coku'xts, smart, intelligent, sensible wic ke'-utluxkco j^a cokiulco, I ("il connait beaucoup"). smoke and I write, co'kuxts (h)a'xc, a fool, "a know- wic titlu'kcnto, I smoke (and can be nothing." said of the habit of smoking) co'kwan cakuxtsic, an interpreter, (perhaps tit should be tsit). cukiu'lc hatu'g:tsict a"', a school- wic titlu'kco, I have been to smoke house, "a book-learning house" ("i'ai 6t6 fumer"). (I). u, or (?). yu'kit hatu'xtsicta o'kit, we come for lat himato'-l-u, three or four. learning. . ;

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 139

-ul, they (subjective pronominal suffix icak co'kuan uc'ha, a liar, a perfidious of the third person plural), person, "a man who does not tell en hiwa'hulat, they called him by the truth." name. kaukau' u'c tsa't, the water is run- hatutunS, tsa'lulat, they broke the ning, looking-glass, kaukau' u'c tlo'kc, the water is hiwa'hiulat, they ordered me. muddy ("brouill6e"). Hiye'kiti cakio'nculat, they called ko'p uc'ha', not very white, "not them Easterners, true white" (gray?), hoktewe' ti'ulat, they parted in com- ku'ts uc'ha', light red. pany, paihe'ts u'c, too big ("trop grand"), i'cak cakya'luiet, they took the men. d'ca, is it so? kaukau' ka'ckin wine'-ulat, they u'cat, it was so. found high water, uc'ha, uca, it is not true, not so! nu'nkin to'hulat, they lived in ucti'kit, it will be so. villages, uc, purple; pi. u'cuc. pam tixt inu'lulat, they left many a'c ta't u'c, salmon color "kind of footprints, yellow" (possibly "yellow pur- cakita'-uculat, they let them out. ple.") coktu'kuiet, they bring them, to-u'c i'naha, to u'c ina'ha, purple, cuka'ulat, they danced religiously, violet; dark gray, tsi'pculat, they removed, uts (L-38, 39), nose, bill (of bird); to'lka heyi'kiulat, they paid me well, point, sharp end; to sneeze; E. D. wi'fulat, they believed, idst, nose (ots, tooth, is distinct) wine'-ulat, they found, Ak. ods [audse], nose, wi coko'n nima'-ul kahiyat tik'hu', I a'n katmo'k utsu'tska, pointed win- went to the place where they had dows, "windows having points." killed an ox. ha' u'tskin hatko'mc, he has a nose uc, u'c (I), body (human and animal); ring, a ring in his nose, E. D. hathe', body ("le corps")- hiu'tsat, I have sneezed ("j'ai ha' u'c, his body (L-34). ^ternue"). uc mon (h)e'he {or ehe'c), mj' whole kakau' ita'ns utska'-ucat, the clouds body is aching, cover the sun. uc, big(?), applied to a large village ka't u'ts, bill of bird. or town, or to a city; probably kudsnS'n uts, point of knife, the E. D. uici (q. v.), and possibly co'k u'ts lat, "having three points," identical with the following form, may be used for triangular, nun-u'c, a big village, a town ta'-i u'ts, point at the bend of a river ("ville"), specifically New Orleans (referring to the land) (I). u'ts (h)at'ho'pco, I pierce my nose(l). ntifi-u'cip coko'-i {or co'xko-i) u'ts hatlu'ticu, I blow my nose, kitsa'k a'm-kaw6t, the village u'ts hipo'ckit, wi' u'ts po'ckit, I judge was drunk, bleed from the nose, nu'n-uc mo'n, the whole city, u'ts ka'lhopc,

140 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108 wahi, to order (see wac). cukwak idso"' (ol)ol, pie, cake, tu'lut ti'ct hiwa'hiulat, I am or- "sweet biscuit." dered to go to the lake, they have cu'kuak olo'l, cu'kuak o'l (I), cake, sent me to the lake ("on m'or- "sweetbread." donne d'aller au lac") (tic, to go; cukwak pe'wic, raised bread, yeasted ti'ct, having gone (L)). bread, wai', wa'-i, stone, rock, flint (for tso'-ots wa'k, ear of corn (I),

arrowheads) ; by some strange tso'-ots wa'k tsi, a corncob, "bone of error Gatschet also recorded this an ear of corn" (I), as signifying "pain, smarting sensa- wi cukwa'k ka', I make bread,

tion"; E. D. wai [ouai (C)]. wak, to roast, to broil (?) (of. ti-u) (see wai' a"', a stone house. preceding stem), wa'-i hets, rock, "big stone" (I). a'l wak, roast meat, wai' ina'hi, beyond the stone. al wa'knS, apparatus for roasting wai' ipa'l, bj^ the stone. meat, wai' i'ti, on this side of the stone. kidso'nkckin cakwak6n6 (or cakwak- wai' kaukau' hu'i kohitsSt, a stone tikit), we will bake them in the sinks in the water (I) fire (D-49). wai' kima'ti(p), inside of the stone wi al wa'kinto, I roast {or boil) meat (given erroneously in the original on the coals, notes as "outside of"). wi wa'ko, I roast; (pi. and distr.) wai' ku'dsna°, a stone knife (I). wakwa'ko. wai' o'l, near the stone. wak,

wai' o'ci, on the edge of the stone. wa'kpux, to hail; also grasshopper (?) wai' o'ts, on the stone. (L. and A. R.); E. D. waggpic wai' pa', stone mortar (I), [uaggpish, ouagg pic], hail, wai' pa' wak, stone pestle (I). wakpu'xkit, it hailed, it jumped wai' pi'c ho'pcne, a borer made of about. stone (I). wai' ci'xt, a stone jug. wag aceb or wagg astceebb [uagg wai' tsi'tsi, a stone pipe (I). asheebb (P), ouagg ascheebb (C)], wa'-i ta-upa'-ukit, the stone is swing- the hail is heavy E. D.). ing (like a pendulum). wak (perhaps from wak, to roast). wai' ta'-u-paupa'-utit, many stones wa'kwakc, ridgy, corrugated, striped swing (D). ("raye"). wi wa'-i konpa'wicat, I took and wazc, brother of father or mother, swung a stone (as a pendulum). uncle. wak, wai, floor, wall; bedstead, bed (accord- ne'e pa' wa'k, wooden pestle (I). ing to L and A. R. though D pa' wak, pestle ("pilon"). questions it) (cf. pit.). wai' pa' wak, stone pestle (I). a'ii wa'l, the waU of a house. wak, a'k wa'l (evidently it should be a'ck aku'p cA'kwak, wheat bread, "flour wa'l), shadow, "shadow on the bread." floor"? co'kuak, cukwa'k, cu'kuak, co'kwak, ne'e wai, wooden floor, wooden ceil- bread, wheat; E. D. cokoa [shokoa], ing. bread (abbr. co). ne'e wale, floor of room. cokua'k atna', cokua'k atna'xt, a ta'-i atwa'lc, bridge (this is probably little bit of bread, a little bread. correct).

co'kuak onpa'ts, (1) yeast, (2) raised ta'-i o'tsi wa'lcti, bridge over a river. bread, "bitter bread." wale, bridge, cokua'k ta'l, crust of bread. wai, billowy, wavy, to fan, to wave cukwak hidso'm, biscuit, "small (cf. kol); wa'lc, billow, wave (I). bread." hatua'lcne, a fan......

QAT8CHET] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 141

icak ke'-u-wa'lcnto, I fan a man hokwa'nc wa'n6n, having gone to (present tense). war (D-129). kece'c (ke'-u) cakwa'lcnto, I fan hokwa'nc yoko'n, a war song, many girls (sitting) (ta-u used hukitso'i wo'nnin, the roads cross, instead of ke-u if standing) crossroads (I). ke'-u-hatua'lcnto, I fan myself sit- ilan-wa'ntat, she grieved continually, ting. she went grieving (D-105). kic kunyu'ts ke'-u-wa'lcnto, I fan i'nc-wa'nkin, while they were {or a girl, went) mourning (D-115). na'-u ta'-u-walwa'lckit, the feather icak hokwa'nc wa'ngn, a man having is waving. gone to war. na'-u ta'-u-walwa'lctit, many feath- ica'k wan, a traveler, ers are waving, icak wa'n a'-uc, a lame man, "a man cakwa'lcka-u, I cause to fan (pi. who can not walk" (I). obj.). itsiwa'n, vertigo, "top of head mov- ta'-i wa'lc, the river's waves. ing" (I). to (h)okwa'lcnts61, we sit (or stand) i'twank, or i'twank ho'kwanc, war fan other, (and) each chief, "going ahead in war" (D). of the sea {or tu'l wale, the waves ko'-i hatseme'c wa'ii-cakwa'ntskit, lake). he slanders, tu'l wa'lckit, the waves are in the sea lak wa'nto, I will walk fast, {or lake) lo'xkin ti'-u-sakio'ns icwa'n6h6, go tu'l wa'lc na'k wa'lc, lake billows and visit on the prairie! (D-46). are big. mo'k-wa'nkit {or mo' hat), he came wa'lwal, butterfly ("papillon"); E. (D-116). D. uadleual. mom wa'nne, mole hill, "mole's wa'lwalc, mottled ("moire") and road." wavy, ne hikau' nak-wa'nta {or hatwa'nta), walwa'lc caktika'-u {or -tuka'-u), going travel into all wavy. I am to countries, wi cak-hiw'lcat, I get fanned, ne iwanc, earthquake (I) wic (h)atwa'lco, I fan myself. mo'nkin wa'nta, I to travel in wic walwa'lckit, I am fluttering. ne am waxi, wan, to walk, to travel, to go; all countries, Ak. uan, to walk, ne'e kaukau' otse po'lc-wa'nkit, anhipo'n wa'n na'l'nto, I will hunt wood floats in the water (I) a rabbit, nee wa'nne, footlog, bridge, anhipo'n wa'n-cakna'l'nto, I will ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I am going to hunt rabbits (I). carry wood in my arms, eku'n nak wa'nkinto, I begin to no'mc wan-haihai'ckit, the child is walk just now. weeping (I) haki't a" hokwa'nc icak, a camp of n

142 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

coko'm he'-u h5'ntit, wa'n many cows wi no'k pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I am are lowing. going to carry an armful of wood, coko°' wa'n ho'nkit, coko'm wa'n wi cakno'mc pu'ckin wa'n a'nka'm- ho'nkit (I), the cow bellows while ctit, my children go playing out walking ("la vache beugle en mar- of doors (D-64). chant"), wi cakno'mc wan-anka'mctit, my tsi's wafi-haihai'ckit, the infant goes children are playing (I). weeping (I). wic iwa'nkit, I am walking, I live (?). ta'-i o'ci tikua'nto, ta'-i o'ci tik- wic ma' nut wa'nkinto, wic ma'ii wa'nto, I walk on the banks of a o't wa'no, I will walk all the time, river; pi, ti'uwa'nto. I walk all the time. ti'k kaukau'kin po'lc-wa'nkit, an Mac tsanu k wa'nic tu'ko, I drive the arrow floats in the water (I) horse up (D). tiuxts wa'nkit, he behaves, "he goes wic wan hite'-u (or ite'-u), I like to slowly." walk, to'lka ha't wa'n, to'lka hat'hu' wic wa'nkinto, I am walking (I), wa'ii, he takes care of himself, wo'nnan hatie'c (or wa'nne hatie'c), tu' po'-ip wa'n, tu' po' wa'n, tu' a bad road (D). po'p wan (I), steamboat, "boat wo'nnan hidso"', a pathway, "a going by smoke" (un bateau qui small road" (D). va a la vapeur"). wo'nnan to'l, a good road, a good tu'-ke'mc icwa'nghg, we will go in a way (D). rowboat (D-47). ya' po'lc wa'nkit tu'lki(n), that wa'-anto, I travel, floats on the lake ("cela flotte sur waii atpe'-at, I stop walking, lelac"). wan haihai'c, I am going weeping, yi'l mon ta'-i 5' hoktiwe icv,'a'fi(5h?, wan-hokpe'mkin, when they went every day we will walk along the on shooting at one another (D- river together (D-45). 147). yuk'hi'ti i'cak-wa'nc, warrior, "In- wa'nkit, drifting; pi. wa'ntit. dian at war." wa'nne o', waiine 6'ce, along the wan, to tell, to speak (see wen) road, icak co'kuan uc'ha', a liar, "a man wa'nne-ci'lcnto, I sweep with the not telling the truth." broom while going, co'k (h)iwine'at na'kc na'xkan wa'n- wa'no, I go. c6n, co'k (h)iwine'at nakc na'k wan pe'-ulat, they have stopped walk- kanwa'nctin, I found something ing (the text says "eating" which but will not tell you what, must be an error), cok wa'n, what do you say? also say wan pu'xkinto, I am dancing, I will something! be dancing, co'k wa'nka na'xn, co'k wa'fika wa'n-pum, when they were dancing na'xn, what are you doing? (this (D-140). may be wan, to tell, or wan, to wa'n-cakpa'mkox, going at them, walk) desiring to beat them (D-79). co'kwan cakuxtsic, interpreter, wi a'n wanne ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o), ta'-ucokcokwa'nkit (L), ta-ucok'ko'- my house stands between the road ikit, they preached standing, and the river, wa'nat, she said (D-143). wi himaka'w6t kitsak a'm-waii ya', wic ivi'v ha' co'x'nwa'nkit, I believe wi himaka'wgt kitsak a'mwaiiyg, nothing that you say. I fell because I was drunk. wi hiwa'nat, I was walking (I). ha wa'nts6n, tell him! (L, D). wi hiwa'ntikit, I will walk (I), hi' wants, tell me! (D). wi i'ti wa'nkinto, I govern, I am chief kic ta'xnik wa'ntsat, one woman ("je vais devant"). said to another (D-142). " .

oatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 143

ko'-i hatseme'c wa'n-cakwa'ntskit, kic ikunyu'ds wa'ci, an old maid. he slanders. ne-cilcnSn wa'ci, an old broom, cakwa'nts u'xtsS,t, she could tell cak-io'l wa'ci, an old bachelor, them (things) (D-84). cakua'ci, icak wa'ci, an old man; pl. cakwa'ntsgn, tell them! icak wacwa'ci (L). cok he'-u cakwa'nts u'ytsS.t, she cakwa'ci cokak, dance of the old could tell many things. men, the religious dance, cok iwa'nts, tell me a story! cok wacwa'cin, about ancient things (wi) ha' wa'ntso, I told him. (D-85). wanha'n (A. R.), hurry! wa'cin, aged (about 60 years) (D-88). wac, leaf; te'wac, leaves (L, D). Ac- wa'cin iti, my oldest son. cording to one note wac is used wa'cin nak wa'cin, very old (D-95). in sing, and te'wac in sing, and wacwa'ci pA'm, the dance of the old pl. (L-15), ne'e tewa'c manma'ii, magnolia, wi cakwa'ci, my old man. "broad-leaved tree." wi cakwa'ci ik'ha'-uc (or ik'ha'uts) ne'e wa'c, ne'e wac (I), leaf of tree, tik'ha'nfit, my old man almost ne'e wa'c tat, brown, " leaf-j'ellow drowned ("mon vieux a manqu6 (color of dead leaves), de se noyer"). tso'-ots wa'c, shucks of corn, husks, yuk'hi'ti icak wa'ci (n), the ancient te'wac co'ntit, the leaves rustle (in Atakapa people, the wind); sg. wa'c co'nkit (I). wat, wa't, ash tree ("frene"); E. D. te'wac tsak, a dry leaf; pl. tsaktsa'k. wat [ouatt]. te'wac wilo'kit, te'wac wilo'tit, the wa-u, to call by name, to name (cf. leaves fall. en, wan, wen). wa'c ickim, wa'c ickem, cabbage, 6'n hiwa'hulat, e'n hiwa'uculat, they "broad leaf" (I). called me by name, wa'c ickim wi'l, turnip, "broad-leaf ha' e'n hiwa'-uco, I call him by name, root," "cabbage root" (I). icak he'-u hakit enip cakwa'-uco, wac, to command, to order, to send I call many people by their names, (see wahi). ca ha' enip wa'-uco, I call somebody na ti'ct hiua'jo, you send me, "you by name. tell me to go." wa'-uc, steam (perhaps the same as nua'jtl ka', co>fka' nwa'c, I command won q. v.). you to do this, wa'-uc hiki law6t, wa-uc hila'wSt, pu'ns wa'co, I make somebody blow steam scalded me. (breathe?), wa'-uc cu'l la'wgt, the steam scalded cakua'cu ka', coxka' cakwa'c, I the dog. command them to do this. wawact [uauasht (P), ouaouasht tic(t) hiwa'cgt, I have sent you (C)], owl (E. D.). ("je t'envoie (k cette heure)," we, with ("avec") (abbr. from tiwe?). "je t'ai envoye"). ki'c mo'kat hipa' we hio'l we, a wa'-aju ka', coxka' ha' wac, I com- woman who has arrived with her mand him to do this. husband and son ("une femme wi tict nua'jo, wi tict 'nwa'co, I qui est arrivee avec son mari et sent you; past tict; present tic. gargon"). wa'ci (L-17, 18; D-54), wa'ci (L-1), wext, wext (D), we't (I), rib; cf. iautall. old; E. D. iolic [iolish], old (male), na wext, your ribs, hatna'x kan wa'ciii a', hatna'x kan well [uell], rabbit (E. D.). wa'ci na', how old is he? ("quel wen [uen], horse (E. D.) (cf. tsanu'k) age a-t-il?"). wen-kalap hake (uen-khallap hacque) hina'kan wa'ci, I {or he) is that old. I would have a horse (E. D.).

hiol wa'cin i'ti, the oldest boy wen komb (uencomb), I have a (D-81). horse (E. D.) . .

144 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wen komb hake (uen comb hacqu6), cit {or cixt) ko'mhic wi co'nico, I I had a horse (E. D.). ring the bell, wen, wan, to pray (cf. wan, wa-u). coxto'l he'-u wic ke', I have much ta'-u hatw&'nS,nto Otsota't o't, ta'-u luck, hatwe'ni Otsota't o't, ta'-u tsanu'k wi o't iwat, the horse comes hatwe'ninto Otsota't o't, I pray toward me. to God. we nu'k hatkolko'kco, we nu'fc tawatwe'nat Utsuta'tut, (they) stood atkolko'lco, I rub myself,

praying to God (L-14). wet hiha'yuSt, we'het hiha'yu&t, he-. wi tawatwe'ninto, wi ta-uhatwe'n- laughed at me ("il a ri de moi"). into, I pray (God) ("je prie wi a ina'-uc, let me drink! (Dieu)"). wi akili'kico, wi akili'kco, I wet in: yuki't ta-u hatwS'ni Otsota't o't, the water, we pray to God. wi' al wa'kinto, I roast (or broil)' wet, wehet, (?) (cf. wi). meat on the coals, ha' wet himicat, he gave to me (?) wi a'mu, I drink, wet, apparently the term which a wi a'n iwanico, I move the ears.. woman applied to her elder sisters wi anka'ts, wi anka'tc, I play, (Li-21), and female cousins (D-70). wi a°' kaukau'kin, my house is in the wi iciwe't, wi j'iciwe't, my elder water, sister (said by a woman). wi a°la'kin inu'lco {or inhui'lcoi), I wewef, wewe'fct, to bark. put (somebody) in jail, cu'l hiwewe'vcat, the dog barked at wi a'n la'wi-o, I burn my house-, me. wi a"' ne-tsa'xkip, my house is on dry cu'l ku'lic hiwewe'vcat, the dog land, barked at me again, ^a a'n pa'kco, I flap my ears, cu'l vivi'vc, the dog barks (I). wi a'n wanne ta'-i tsika'dep tat(o)V wi, I, my (the independent personal my house stands between the road pronoun of the first person singu- and the river,

lar subjective) ; E. D. wi [ue, ouee]. wi a'p {or wi a'vp) i-ica'k6t, I was ha n wi tsutsa'lat, he and I kicked born here,

him (I). wi atela'nc ke't'nto, I sit still,. I sit ha n wi tsutsa'ltitit, he and I will quiet, kick him (I). wi atpa'-i, I turn something around, ha' wi' hipa', this is my husband, wi e'mu tso'-ots, I beat corn ("je hinak wito'-ul cukia'ko, hinak wi pile du mals"). to'l cukia'ko, I have eaten enough, wi e'n, my name, or I have eaten well, wi ha' o't mico, I gave him. hika't nl't ya' ha'l cokl'n wi'(c), I wi hatsa'no, I hid myself, am five and a half feet tall, wi ha' tsu'mo, I pinch him. ilu' tslk wiic ki'wilc ipco'k6°ha°, I wi hata'ck'kinto, I shade myself, will be a doctor in two years, wi hatka'-uco, I comb myself, naki't n wi tsutsa'lts6l, we {ye and I) wi hatla'cnto, I shave myself, are kicking him (I). wi hatsoso'lcat, I was scared, ne mak o'tsip ti'cta wi itet tewe'ta, wi ha'yu, I laughed. I will go to the mountain with my (wi) ha' wa'ntso, I told him. father (I). wi he'xka-u, I hurt somebody, nic-mon en wi ikco'lo, nic-mofi e'nik wi (hi)a'mne, I have to drink (one wi co'lo, I rub with tar. thing) o'l tu'ko {or tQ'k'ho) wi a'n ot, I wi (h)iha'yu6t, I laughed {or -wit), bring home a persimmon, wi (hi)ia'xne, I have to eat (one pa-ito'lucat wi' ot, he was good to thing) me (D-104). wi hi'ko, I come down. GATSCHETl SWANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 145

wi hi'koiho'pckit, I cough. wi hitet hio'knS, o'nc, I can not come wi hila'-i, wi ila'-i, my wife. on account of my father, wi hila'-i ha'l, my second wife. wi hitet i'-uc, my father is enraged; wi hilak wic ilak, I am strong. wi hitet he'-u i'-uc, my fathers are wi (h)ila'k'n, wic (h)ila'k'n, when I enraged, shall be strong, I shall be strong. wi hiwa'nat, I was walking (I). wi himaka'w6t kitsak a'mwanyg {or wi hiwa'ntikit, I will walk (I). &'m-wan ya'), I fell because I was wi hiwe'vxyu'lco, I draw ("contre- drunk, fait)." wi hima'kc, I mix together two wi hiyania'n, wi hiya'nian, I am liquids or two solid things, afraid, wi hima'mc, I mix together several wi hija'n, my mother-in-law. liquids, or several solid things, wi hija'n cakiol, my father-in-law. wi hima'mo kudsna'nik, I stab with a wi hopa'yu, I divide, knife, wi huke't, wi uke't, my mother, wi himo'c hito'lco, I prepare for wi i-a'tsko, I sweat. burial, wi ika't, my feet, wi himo'co, I bury, wi ikat 'npa'kat, you stepped on my wi hina'ygt, I believe this (L). feet (D-143). wi hina'yu, I thought this (" j'ai pens6 wi ikco'lcolu, I rub repeatedly with kqa") (L), or I think this (D). (an instrument), wi hiol (L), wi i-ol (D); my son; pi. wi ito'mcgt, I have upset {or split) a wi i-ol he'-u (D). bottle,

wi hiol hidso'n (L), wi ikunyu'ts iti wi in tsu'mo, I pinch you. (D), my youngest son. wi' iol, my son. wi hipa' (L), wi ipa' (D), my hus- wi ipan payo'kgt, my cousin has re- band, turned, wi hipa' ha'l, my second husband wi issintset, my brother, wi ica'k icuhe', I am uneasy about wi hipa' hilo'cat (L), wi hipa' hilo'- the man. icat (D), my husband helps {or wi icak cakia'lu, I take men, I arrest defends) me. men. wi hicile't (L), wi yicile't (D), my wi icak cakina'-uco, I put men (in younger sister, prison) ("je mets des hommes wi hicintset hilai, my sister's wife (dans la prison) "). (L). wi ic6nse't, wi issintset, my brother, wi hickici'l (L), wi ickici'l (D), my wi ic6nset hidso'n, wi yicgnset daughter, hidso'n, my younger brother, wi (hi)co'k a'mne, I have to drink wi ic6nset yuds, wi issgntset yuds, my (many things) (D). elder brother; pi. wi issfintset he'-u. wi hicoko'-ins ilu' ni't, I shall be wi iciwe't, wi yiciwe't, my elder chief for five years (L), while I sister. shall be chief for five years (D). wi itsa'-i, I fry. wi (h)icoko'yet, I was chief, I have wi i'tsk po'ckit, I bleed from the been chief (L). lungs, wi hidsa'm, I bite (D). wi it'a'ku, I want to get out. wi hite't (L), wi ite't (D), my father, wi i'ti wa'nkinto, I govern, I am wi hite't ha' ne ive'vcat, my father chief ("je vais devant")- has measured his land, wi i't tla'kc, my face is dirty, wi hite't hiki pa'mfit, my father beat wi itu'l, I put, I place, me. wi iya'wo, I hoist, wi hite't hiko°' hipa'mgt, I was wi iyi, I get up, I rise, seized and beaten by my father wi iyi'ktat cukiu'lkinto, I write (L). standing. .

146 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ka'n hi'cak cuhe'-u, I pity my wi kutsne'n atsi'l, my knife is rusty. home people, wi la'co, I put into. kin pa'i o'kta John tewe, I will wi let, wi hile't, my sister. go home with John (I), wi le'ta, my female cousin. Wl kato' ne, my lower lip. wi lo'mco, I peel ("j'epluche"). wi kato' o'dsi, my upper lip. wi' lu'l, I swim.

wi kau'kau ha°', wi kau'kau iha'c, wi maka'-u na'-uco, I let it fall, I I got no water, make it fall, wi ka'-u, wic ka'-o, I am dead. wi mak'he'u, wi make'-u, I exchange, wi ka'-ucne pa'lpal'u, I break a I barter, I swap, comb in different places, wi me'lco, I blacken, I dye. wi ka'-ucne pa'l'ux, I break a comb, wi mo'ko, I arrive, wi ke'-u-hoka'kinto, I am weaving wi mon caktsa'nco, I push all things, seated (I). wi nak'hi'tut tsu'mo, I pinched ye ke'-u-okcoka'kinto, I weave many all. things. wi na'kco, I play on an instrument, ke'-u-caktsipa'xckinto, I glue wi na'k tsu'mo, I pinched ye(?). many things. wi na'-u hika', I make shoes, ke'-ucokiulcnto, wi'c ke'-ucokiu'l- wi ne hiko'kicat, he had taken my cnto, I am going to write, land from me. kitu'c, wi gitu'c, my spittle, wi ne'e ho'pco, I bore wood, wi kitu'cu, wi gitu'cu, I spit. wi ne'e ko'tso, I cut wood, I chop Wl ke'-ucukiu'lkinto, I am writing, wood, wi ke'u-cukci'kinto, I am sewing wi ne'e ne'kin tlo'po, I stick a post while sitting. into the ground, ke'-u-cukcokci'kinto, I sew many wi ne'e kutsn^hlk ta'mco, I split things. with a knife (D). ke'-u-tsipaxckinto, I am gluing as wi ne'e pa'-icik ta'mco, I split with I sit (I). an ax (D). kimi'no, I breathe, wi ne'e tamta'mco, I split wood in wi kine'ko, wi kinu'lo, I meet some- several places, I split many pieces body, of wood (D). ko'kic, wi ko'ko, I bend, wi ne'-ta'mo himo'cne, I dig a grave wi ko'kica, I take away (something) (L). ("j'ote (quelque chose."))- wi ne ti'co, I go downstairs, "I go ko'mok ka'-u, I make a basket, downward" (L). wi ko'mep ti'hito, I lie on the belly, wi ne-yu'ckin pakna'-u ti'co, I run wi kom-ho'pckin (h)atke'co, I put in across a field (L). my pocket. wi ni'hua, I lie down (L). w kon hipo'nico, I take and bend it. wi ni'l, my granddaughter (L). Wl ko°' na'-u, I make it stand, I wi nila', ray grandmother (L). grasp and place. wi 'n na tsutsa'lat, you and I kicked ko"' pa'lo, I have taken and him (I). broken it ("je I'ai pris et casse"). wi 'n na tsutsa'ltsel, you and I are wi ko'n col, I shove out. kicking him (I). ko'tsa, I am cutting, wi 'n na tsutsa'ltitit, you and I will kuca', wi kulca' (D-93, 99), my kick him (I).

grandfather (both sides) ; L adds wi no'k pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I "and grandson," but D did not carry an armful of wood, know of this use of the term) wi no'mc tslk cakitsyutsickinto, I ku'cnak caklo'pco, I prick the raise two children (D). flanks. wi no'mc ka'-uco, I comb my child (L). wi kutsnS'n, my knife. wi no'mc ka'wet, my child is dead (L). J . . .

GATSCHET] 8WANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 147

wi no'mc nima'-ul5t, they have killed wi pu'nso, wi pu'ns, I blow. my child ("ils ont tue mon en- wi ca a'm na'-uco, I let somebody fant"). drink, wi nta'ku a°' lak it'hi, I left the wi ca itu'lo tsanu'k o'ts, I put some- prison in the evening ("je suis body on a horse. sorti de la prison le soir") (L). wi caka'me, I give them to drink, wi nte'-ito, I frighten somebody (D). wi cak hiwa'lcat, I get fanned, wi nu'k, myself, I alone. wi cak'hu'o, I saw them, wi nu'k hatsa'mo, I bite myself. wi ca'kiko, I wound (somebody), wi nu'k hatinu'co, I hide myself. wi cakica'k, my relations ("mon wi nu'k hattsa'nco, I push myself. monde").

wi nu'n o't {or u't) pa' i hiti'c(t) ko, wi cakine'ko, wi cakinu'lo, I meet I want to return home. some people, wi nii°' u'ckin ke'ta, I stay in New wi caki'dso, I wake somebody up; Orleans. wi cakidsidso, I wake somebody up wi oi', I sleep. repeatedly, wi okakinto, I weave. wi cakmaka'yu, I swapped (pi. obj.). wi oke't, my mother (D-98, 105). wi cakmi'co, I gave them, wi oket tsi'pcat Tsa'yon ne' ot, my wi cakna'lo, I hunt (pi. obj.). mother removed to Texas. wi cakno'mc wan-anka'mctit, my wi o'k na'-uca, I let them come. children are playing (I) wi o'ko, I come. wi cakca'kiko, I wound in various wi ok caki'nu, I ask them to come. places, wi o' ko°' ko'mico, I relax a rope {or wi ca'ktsu'mo, I pinch them, cord) (I). wi cakwa'ci ik'ha'-uc {or ik'ha'-uts). wi o' ko°' ma'nico, I stretch a cord (I). tik'ha'ngt, my old man was wi okotka'-uc ke'-u-pa'tsnto, I wash drowned, a shirt (I). wi ca' coco'lc ha'nu, I like to scare wi' okotka'-uc ko'mna-u, I hang up somebody, an overcoat. wi ca'-u, my father, wi okotka'-uc-ma'ft li'kc, my coat wi ci'lo, I sew. is used, my coat is worn out. wi co' hehe'xkit, my heart is paining, wi o'tse he, I have the toothache, wi co'k a'xict {or a'xlic), I lose some- mj- tooth aches. thing, wi o't pu'nsat, they blow at me. wi cokiaknS,'n hehe'-uc, I have much wi pa'm hito'lco, I have beaten and food, prepared. wi cokipen, my friend, wi pa'mico, I throw away ("je wi cokiu'lc he'-u ke'-u hu'nto, I read jette"). many books, wi pa'mco, I beat, I strike. wi cokiu'lc ke'-u-hu'nto, I read a wi pa'mtampne ta'mo, I ascend the book (I). stairs. wi coko'-in, be my chief! wi co^ko'- wi pa'ts, I whip; pi. of obj. wi ca'k- ine, he is to be my chief, pats {not wi pa'tspats). wi coxko'-ikit, I make baskets. wi pa'tso, I squeeze (as an orange). wi co'lu, I rub; wi co'lcolu, I rub wi pa'tite'-u hi'cu, I plant cotton. repeatedly, wi payo'ko {or pai' o'ko), I return. wi co' pa'kc hika', I have palpitation wi pe'mu, I shoot the rifle {not wi of the heart, pern pe'mu) wi coco'lc hinte'hi ha'nulet, they came wi pen, my male cousin. near scaring me to death, wi pe'niu, I have healed him. wi cube' ica'k, I am uneasy about my wi pi' CO, I make it crooked. family, I pity my family (D) wi po'ckit, I bleed. wi cukte'-i micu, I doctor somebody, wi puhatsipa'tsico, I turn a somer- I give medicine to somebody (L). sault ("je fais la culbute"). wi cukwa'k, I make bread (D). . . .

148 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOS

wi tsa'-itsa-ic, I shake, I tremble (D) wi u'ts po'ckit, I bleed from the nose, witsa'xco, I crack (D). wi wa'-i konpa'wic&t, I took a stone wi tsa'lco, I stamp (with the foot) and swung it like a pendulum, wi tsa'n hena'-uco, I push it away wi wa'ko, I roast, (L), I push it in (L). wi wo'c hatpa'xnico, I clasp my wi tsanc ka'-u, I make him push (L). hands, wi tsa'nc ko'lc, I shove into (D). wi w5'c hatwo'yo, I rub my hands, wi tsa^'co (L), wi tsa'fico (D), I push wi wo'c lakla'k ina'ha, my hands are it {or him) ("je I'ai pousse ")• as if stiff, wi tsanu'k me'l, my horse is black (I). wi wo'cik na'kco, I point with my wi tsanu'k tu'ko, I fetch my horse (D) finger, wi tsl't tlu'kcnto (L), wi tsi't wi wo'ckinto, I am screeching, tlu'kcnto (D), I will smoke to- wi wula'takc ehe', wi wula'kakc, I bacco. have kidney disease, wi tsi't yi'ntso, I wrap tobacco (into wi wti'cka'-uc, my thimble, a cigar) (D). wi ya' nu'ltihinst, I live there, I exist wi tsiwa'nic(o), I am moving, I am there ("je vis 1^," "j'existel^"). stirring (intr.) (D). wi yatsi'ckico, I am glad, wi tso'-ots pa'mic, I sow Indian corn wi yati'tsat, I wake up (intr.). (D). wi yi'16n ake'ta, I am going to stay wi tsu'm, I pinch, I scratch (L). to-morrow, wi ta'-i lu'l ici'ko, I swam over to the wi yi'lgn a'mtS, wi yi'16n a'mta, I other side of the river. will drink to-morrow, wi ta'-u-hatpa'wickit, I balance my- wi yo'ko, I sing,

self (I). wi yol yu'ds, wa'cin iti, my oldest wi tawatwe'ninto, wi ta-uhatwo'n- son. into, I pray (to God) ("je prie (Dieu)"). wic, wic, wi-ic, wi-ict, (strong form of wi te'm a'mu, I drank yesterday, pronoun) wi te'ns a°la'kin ita'hu, I left the wic anka'mc(o), I play, prison in the evening. wic a cokihu'kit ha'xc, I see nobody, wi te'c manma'n hatna'-uco, I let my wi'c aya'nfik cakia'xta, I will eat hair grow long. now. wi te'c manma'nu, I have long hair (wic) ha' ilemc, I love him. ("j'ai les cheveux longs")- wi'c (h)aki't a' hina'ka he'-u hatu'-iv wi teyo' cukite-uka'ne o'ts ne'-u, I {or hatvi'v), I think myself as put the box on the chair, high as they. wi tikta'mo tiho'p, I went to dig a wic ha'l, I am behind, grave, wic ha' tsutsa'lat, I kicked him wi ticta, I go away. (I), wi tict nua'jo, wi tict 'n wa'co, I send wic ha' tsutsa'lo, I am kicking him you. (I). wi ti'uxts ke't'nto, I sit still, I sit wic ha^ tsutsa'ltikit, I will kick him quiet, (I). wi to'1-gema'kict, my pin. wic (h)atwa'lco, I fan myself, wi tolho'pc, my needle, wic ha'yu, I am laughing (I). wi to'lka-u, I cure. wic ha'yu^t, I was laughing (I). wi tu'(kin) to'hio, I get into a boat, wic hayuti'kit, I will laugh (I). wi lo'picto, I will prick, wic hehatka'-u, I hurt myself, wi lopna'-u, I cause to prick some- wic hiha'l, I am the last, I am thing behind, wi lo'po, I prick, wic hi-ipco'kat, I was a doctor, wi u'ts hatsa'kco, I clean my nose wic hii'ti, I am the first in a line (with a handkerchief), "I dry my ("je suis le premier d'une file"), nose." (wic) hilakti'kit, I shall be strong. . .

CATSCHETT DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 149 awANTON J

wic hima'mo, I gather, I pile up, I wic kuts-pa'kico, I chop the tree collect. down, wic hina'kanto, I am that way. wic ma'n o't a'm'o, I drink all the '(wic) hipe'tst ina'ha, I am tired. time, •(wic) hipe'tst ha', I am not tired. wic ma' nut wa'nkinto, I will walk all wic hico'koi, I am chief. the time, I got to go. wi'c (hi)ti'cnen, have wic mu'nkco, I smell something, tu'lkin, I on the lake. "wic hiti'c go wic mu'nmunkco, I smell all around, suck. wic hito'tso, I wic ne po'mo, I plow, -wi'c ihaihai'ckit, I am crying, I am wic nta'ku wi hite't ini'kat a'nut, weeping. when I went out my father entered I look wic ikunyu'ts caktika'-u, the house ("quand j'6tais sorti mon young. pisre est entre dans la maison"). ila'fl wi ickice't o't, I am mourn- -wic wic o'-i, I am sending, sister. ing for a wic okotka'k ikili'kic, I soak the lookout. wi'c i'niu, I am on the cloth, wic io'nc, I don't want. wic pai iwat, I return (I returned?), wi'c ipco'k, I am a doctor. wic po'tsicu, I turn something loose, wi'c ipu'xko, I want to dance. wic ca' ot ke'-u cakiu'lckinto, I wic icu'l ndi', I catch one fish. write for somebody, wic icoke'cat, I had been sick. wic cixko'mic co'nico, I ring a bell, iwa'iikit(?), I live, I am alive. wc wic tsa'xlco, I break (glass, silver, wic iwe'-uco, I mock. etc.). wi'c ivl'v ha' co'x 'nwa'nkit, I be- wic tsanu'k wa'nic tu'ko, I drive the lieve nothing that you say. horse up. wi'c ka'mco, I scrape (with knife, wic tsanu'k wine'-u, I find a horse, etc.). wic tsutsa'lo, I am kicking him. wic ka't-to'ts(o), I kiss, "I mouth- wic tikpo'tsicu, I go and turn loose, suck." wic tit tlu'kcnto, I smoke (can be wic kaukau' e'nc, I grease the water. said also of the habit of smoking) wic kaukau' me'lc, I blacken the wic tit tlu'kco, I have smoked water. ("j'ai et6 fumer"). wic kaukau' me'lckinto, I will wic to'hia nespa'lkin, I get into a blacken the water. carriage, wi'c ke hia'mkin Jack maka'wet, wic to'hu, I live, while I was drinking. Jack fell down. wic to'lkat hu', I watch, I am on the lookout, wic ke'-u-hoka'kinto, I sit weaving baskets. wic wa'nkinto, I am walking (I). wic ke'u-caiu'lckinto, I am writing wic wi ite't iyania'n ha'xcat, I was while seated (I). not afraid of my father (D-103). wic ke'-u-cukia'kinto, I am going to wic ya' hatpe'ne-u, I eat enough, eat (I). wic yilke'ta, I am going to marry. wic ke'-utluxkco ya' cokiulco, I smoke while writing. ya' icak we'het {or wet) ivivha'hfit, wic kimi'nkinto, I breathe. this man did not believe me (L) •wic ku'l cokia'ku wi hite't ini'kit ya' cu'l wi ki'ii, that dog belongs to a' nut {or ini'hat a'nkin), I had me, that dog is mine. eaten when my father entered the ya' wi coko'm, this is my cow (I). house ("j'avais mang^ quand wif, wiv, wiw, wiu, vi'v, uiv, to be- mon pere est entre dans la mai- lieve, to think (cf. nai). son"). etwi'fc, he thinks, he believes. "wic (ku'ltan) icoke'cat, I had been ha'-ac to'l atvi'v, he thinks he is sick (ku'ltan. long ago). good. . . . .

150 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

haki'ts to'ltol atvi'vSl, they think wine'-ulat, they found (L-13; D-29> themselves good. 30, 34). hatvi'v, I think as much. wic tsanu'k wine'-u, I find a horse. iwi'fat, I thought. wic,

i'wiu ha', I doubt it, "I think not." ko'-i hatwicka'x ket, ko'-i hatwic- iwi'wat, I thought. ka'xc ket, an individual talking too Ta'kapo ica'k hatwi'vat, the Atakapa much (who forgets that he sits believed (D-113). down from his talking) vi'vulat, they believed (D-121). woi, to rub (see kol and col). vl'wulat, they believed (D-119). wi wo'c hatwo'yo, I rub my hands.

wi'c haki't a'hina'ka he'-u hatu'-iv w61, eye, also fruit (when small) ; E. D. {or hatvi'v), I deem myself as will [ouill]; Ak. odl [audle]. high as they. hi'lan wo'l, muscadine fruit, "buz- wic ivi'v ha', I don't believe it. zard's eye." wic ivi'v ha' co'x 'nwa'nkit, I be- hi'lan wo'l te'-i, hila'C wo'l te'-i, lieve nothing that you say. muscadine vine ("la liane de ya' icak we'het {or wet) ivivha'hgt, soko"). this man did not believe me (we'- mi'lka wo'l, sore eyes, eyes making het = me) pUegm. wil, root. wo'l hatu'ne, spectacles, "eyes to see ne'e wi'l, tree root. with." ne'c-wi'l ka'mkamc, the roots stand wo'l hidso'n, small eyes. out from (the tree) wo'1-hopc-icka'm, an Indian sieve ne'e wi'l mon (h)atmickec, the roots about 2 feet long having wide eye- of the tree stretch out (from the holes ("crible," "tamis") (made at tree) around. one time at Hickory Flat). wa'c ickem wil, wa'c ickSm wi'l (I), wo'l icka'm, large eyes. turnip, "broadleaf root," "cab- wo'l kima'ti, eyeball, "inside eye"" bage root." (meaning inside eyelid) wil, to squeal. wo'l kica'n, eyelid, ej'elash. hiy6n cukwi'lkit, the hog is squealing w5'l kica'n ne, lower eyelid (I). (also said of children, etc.) (D). wo'l kica'n o'dsi, upper eyelid (I). wil, to rock. wo'l na'-u, eyebrow, "eye hair." hatwi'lic, it is rocking (intr.). wo'l pa'c, eyelid, "eye cover." ickali't-nu'1-wilwi'lhicnto, I rock a wol, wtil, curly. child (nu'l, "lying"). tec wo'lwol, te'c wulwul, curly hair. cukite'-uka'wine hatwilwi'lcnS, a wulipa'-u, I whirl myself around, rocking-chair. wolka'nts, ladder (I). wi'lwil(h)icna', cradle (I). wolce'l, horned owl (wol, eye?).

wilwi'lico, I rock. won, dew, drizzling rain, fog (I) ; wonc^ wine, to find, to discover. steam (see wa'-uc); E. D. wonrt kaukau' ka'ckin wine'-ulat, they [uonn, ou-onn], dew. 4 found high water. wo'n i'-ack, dew is wetting {or render-^ naki't tsanu'k cakwinetgm, did you ing dirty). (pi.) find your horses? (D-58). wo'n ina'ha, damp, moist, "like cakwine cokwa'nic ya' coktu'kuket, dew," "like fog." find them and drive them up and wo'n ya'ckat, the dew is heavy, full fetch them (D-60). of dew. cok (h)iwine'at, I found (sing.); pi. wonn kombnst [uonn combnst (P), adds he'-u. ou-combnst (C)], the dew is heavy^ cok (h)iwine'at nakc na'k kanwa'n- the dew is strong (E. D.). ctin, cok (h)iwine'at na'kc na'x- woe, woe, hand, finger; E. D. wic [uish], kan wa'ncgn, I found something hand, wic hagg [uish hagg], finger; but will not tell you what. Ak. semak [semacq], finger; ocepa . .

gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 151

[auchepa], hand (probabl3' = woc- woe pe', wucpe', wu'spe, ten, "finish pe, "all fingers")- of the hands or fingers." i'cak woe ke'tsti, a left-handed man. wocpe'-ip, ten times (I); wucpe' -ip i'cak woe tu'l, a right-handed man. hipo'nso, tenfold (I). no'k cuk wo'cti, right elbow (I). woe pe'ha(l) tanu'k (I), woe pe' ha no'k wo'cti, right arm (I) tanu'k, wucpe' ha'l tanu'k, eleven. tsi't wocvg'nts, cigar, cigarette, wocpe'-ip ha' tanu'kip, woe pe' "hand worked." ha(l) tanu'kip, eleven times. wi wo'c hatpa'xnico, I elasp my hand. woe pe' ha(l) tsik (I), woe pe' ha wi wo'c hatwo'yo, I rub my hands. tsi'k, twelve. wi wo'cik na'kco, I point with my wocpe'-ip ha' tsikip, twelve times (I) finger. woe pe' hal lat (I), woe pe' ha' lat, wi wo'c lakla'k ina'ha, my hands are thirteen.

as if stiflf. woe pe' ha'l himato'l (I), woe pe' wi wti'cka'-ue, my thimble. ha' himato'l, woepe' hal imato'l wo'c atke' {or ha'tke), wo'c ke' (I), (D-87), fourteen. finger ring, "having on the finger." woe pe' ha'l nit (I), fifteen. wo'c ha'l, wo'c o'ts, back of hand. woe pe' ha(l) lat tsik, si.xteen (I). wo'c hatkolko'kco, wo'c hatkol- woe pe' ha(l) pa'x, seventeen (I). ko'kco, I rub the hands. woe pe' hal himato'l tsi'k, eighteen wo'c ha'tkome, glove. (I). wo'c he'ts, thumb, "big finger"; the woe pe' woe ico'l ha'n, nineteen (I).

Ak. word is auxest which Du woe pe' tsi'k, wucpe' tsik (I), Terrage and Rivet transliterate twenty (adv. -ip). oksest, but perhaps it is a corrup- wucpe' tsi'kip, twenty times (I). tion of woe hets. wucpe'-ip tsi'kip hipo'nso, twenty- wo'c hieo'l, small finger. fold (I).

wo'c it, index finger, "first finger." wucpe' tsik hal tanu'k, twenty-one woe ke' a' hina'k, ring shaped, "a (I). ring like this." woe pe' lat, woepe' la't (D-96), wo'c ke'ts, left hand. wucpe' lat (I), thirty. wo'c kima'ti, wo'c kima'tip, middle wucpe' la' tip, thirty times (I). finger, also palm of hand, "in woe pe' himato'l, wucpe' himato'l middle of hand." (I), forty. wo'c kima'tip, in the hand. wucpe' himato'lip, forty times (I). wo'c kima'ti hidso"', wo'c kima'ti wucpe' nit, fifty (I). hi'dso" (I), ring finger, "little mid- wucpe' ni'tip, fifty times (I). dle finger." wucpe' latsi'k (I), woepe' latsi'k w6'c ma'k, hand clasped, fist. (D-88), sixty. wo'c nak, wo'c na'kin, the index fin- woe pe' pa'x, seventy (I). ger, the first finger, "the pointing woe pe' himato'l tsik, eighty (I). finger." wie kumak [uish cumak (P), ouish wo'c cakhatsa'mcne, towel, "face eoumak (C)], fist, (given in one wiper." place as wrist) (V) (E. D.). wo'c tsi'g, two hands. woe [ouosh], bow (E. D.) (cf. te). w5'c tsi'kctan, both hands. woe [uosh (P), cuooah (C)], swan (E. wo'c tsu'x, tsu'x, fingernail (I). D.). wo'c te, right hand, "bow hand." woe, to hiss, to screech. wo'c to'l, right hand, "good hand." otse' wo'e6m, the snake is hissing (I). wo'c ico'l ha'n, wusisol han, nine, te°' woewo'ein, tem woewo'ein, "without little finger." screech owl (cf. teii, dusk, even- wo'c ico'l ha' nip, nine times. ing); E. D. wawaet [uauasht], owl wo'c ico'l ha' nip hipo'nso, ninefold (screech or horned owl?). (I). wi wo'ckinto, I am screeching. .

152 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY (rdll. 10»

wo'c6m, wo'cim, a whistle (the ke'-u cukia'kinto, ge'-u cukia'kinto^ sound, not the instrument). I am going to eat. wo'cimyo'k, to whistle; E. D. wo- cokia'(k), cokia'xk, food (I); E. D.. cipst [ouoshipst]. yaune [iaoune], nourishment, wockinto, I screech. cokia'x ko, want to eat? woe, to be in a hurry. cokia'xta, ia'xta, I am going to eat> hu'nS,n hi woco'c(o), I am in a cokia'xti a' uc, cuk-ya'hi a' uc, I can hurry to see him. not eat, I am unable to eat. wo'cina, naked. cokia' xti uxts, cukia'hi uxts, I can eat wo'cina hina'kSt, they were almost (pi. things). naked (1^23). cok lopia'nS,, colopiaxne, fork, "stick wul ha'ktakc, kidneys. to eat with." wi wula'ktakc ehe', I have kidney cukia'k ha'fico, I finish eating, disease, cukiaxpe'-u, I finish eating, wii'lkol, wti'lko, welkol, raccoon (cf. cukia'xta o'k'n, you come to eat. tso'-ots ya'kinto, I will eat Indian; Creek wutku or wotko) ; E. D- wilkol [uilcol (P), wilcool (C)], corn, erroneously given as wildcat tso'-ots ya'xne, weevil, "corn eater." ("chat debois") by (P). wi (hi)ia'xne, I have to eat (one ya, to eat; E. D. yatt [iatt], yaatt. thing) wic aj'a'nfek cakia'xta, I will eat eku'n (or eikun), ke-ucukia'kinto, I now. wic ke'-ucukia'kinto, I going began eating while sitting (I ate a am to sitting while ago) (A. R.). eat (I). wic ku'l cokia'ku, wi hite't ini'kit hakl't cukia'xnSn cak'he'-uc, they a' nut (or ini'hat a'nkin (D)), I had have plenty to eat. eaten when my father entered the ha cokia'x, his or her food; E. D. house ("j 'avals mang6 quand moni yaune, food, pere est entre dans la maison"). ha' ya'x, he eats. wi' cokiakna'n hehe'-uc {or ihe'-uc), he'-u cukia'ko, I have eaten much, I have many provisions, I have hinak wito'-ul cukia'ko, hinak wi to'l much food, cukia'ko, I have eaten enough (or wic ya' hatpe'ne-u, I eat enough. weU). ya'-e-(h)atpe'netsel, we eat enough hin cokia'x ko'xca, do you want to (D-51). eat? ("probably false"). ya'-ins, they ate (L-10). hicokia"ne (A. R.), hicokia'xne, I ya'-ins(o), they eat or ate (L-5). have to eat ("il me faut manger"), ya'kit, I eat it now. I am going to eat; pi. of obj. yako', I want to eat. hicokia'xne. ya'xto, I eat. hicokia'xc ko'xc, I want to eat. yukit iccukia'-iko', we want some- hicokia'x ko'xc (h)a', I don't want to thing to eat. eat. yu'kit cukia'icko', we want to eat. hicokiajftko {or icok-ya'xko), I want yu'kit cukia'xnS,n ic'he'-uc, we have to eat. plenty to eat. hoktewe cokia'yo, we eat together, ya, that. ia'ho, I eat; E. D. wi ayake [ouee a° van pe'ltat, that house standing ayaque]. far off. il ya'ko, I eat everything raw, or I hiya'n (L-2, 14), iya'n (D-47, 89, 95), eat it all raw ("je mange tout yonder, there, CT<1"). hij^a'n hu'a, it is there {or yonder) inlo'hi (or nlo'-i) cokia'kinto, I help that I saw this man. you eat. hiya'p, right there, icak cukia' he'-u, a big eater, iya'ngk mon 'nka'ne, that is all for ica'k ya'ko, I eat a man ("je mange you to do (D-60). un homme"). ku'ltan ya'c, it is a long time ago. . .

GATSCHET] SWANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 153

cine'-u ya' cukcaki'kc, who are these y& ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut {or o't) merchants? yilke, that young woman marries

cict }^a' tsa'xk, this pitcher is dry. that man. wi ya' nu'ltihinst, I live there ("je ya' ki'c cokci'u tane'-uca'k iya'-i, vis la," "j'existe la"), this woman is the stingiest of all. ya'-an, very far off. ya' ki'c tsl'kxo' ke'at {or cak'ke'at), ya' ha' tsanu'k, this is his horse (I). this woman had twins. ya' ha' te, this is his bow (I) ya'n (D-72), ya'n (D-47), ya'ni, ya' hatpe'-ket, I sit here prepared, I there, sit here ready, ya'n a°' na'xco, I point at that house ya' hina'hino' na'kta hinahino' ict, far off. one side (of a paper, etc.) and the ya'n {or hiya'n) tic, go over there! other side, yan yi'ltat, the light shines from afar, ya' hidso°' hiye' ta°', he becomes ya'n yuki't icti'uto, shall we go smaller than the other, there?

ya' hidso"' iti, he is smaller than (the ya' ne'e puhitse'cta, I am going to other) jump over this log. ya' hu'i pu'nso, I blow under (that?), ya' ne'tatat, this orange ("cette ya' ilu', that year, orange"), ya' icak, that man. ya' no'mc, those children out there, ya' icak akipai-i'ke ot, this man ya' okotka'-uc ko'n-ina'-u, bring that comes from the south, shirt inside! (I), ya' icak avxa'n, ya' icak a'p ha'n, ya' odse', that snake, an absent man ("un homme ab- ya' otse' ci'u, the snake crawls; pi. sent"). also ci'u. ya icak av'wa'nkit (L), ya icak ap yap, there, wa'nkit, this man is present ("cet ya'p ne to', upon this spot, upon this homme est present"), lit. "this place, man is walking here." ya' pe'ket, ya' pel ket, that one sit-

j'^a' i'cak hikl'ke ot, this man comes ting further off. from the west (hiki'ke for hiki-ike). ya' po'lc wa'nkit tu'lki(n), that floats ya' i'cak ho'lcike ot, this man comes on the lake ("cela flotte sur le from the north, lac"),

ya' ica'k o't ha'j'ufit, ya' ica'k u't ya'c hidso"' i'ti tane'-us {or ta°ne'-u), ha'yu6t, he has laughed at that they are the smallest, "the rest of man ("il a ri de cet homme"). them are the smallest." ya' icak coklakc, that man is poor, j^a'c kiwl'lc, they are Frenchmen {or ya' icak cokla'kcat, that man was white men), poor, ya'c kiwi'lc ha', the}^ are not French- ya' icak cokla'kctikit, that man will men, be poor, ya'c kiwi'lcula' {or -ul ha), are they ya' icak to'like ot, this man comes not Frenchmen? from the east, ya'c nak tu'taiha'xc, you do this for ya' icak we'hfit {or wet) ivivha'hSt, nothing, this man did not believe me. ya cukio'l, the men (D-144). ya' icak ya ki'c kanyu'c yilwai'tikit, ya' cu'l ha' a'n ito'lco, I fix the ears that man marries that young of that dog {or ya' cu'l a'n ito'lco). woman, ya' cu'l ha' a'n tlemtle'm, the ears of ya' ka-ucnS' palpa't, ya' ka-ucnS,' that dog are torn, pa'l'at, this comb is broken, ya' cu'l ha'kit kin, that dog is theirs,

ya ka-ucn6' palpa'l, that comb is ya' cu'l ha'kit cakin, these dogs are broken, theirs, ya' kic (D-142), that woman; pi. ya' ya' cu'l wi' ki'n, that dog belongs to ke'c; dual ya' ke'c tsik (D). me, that dog is mine. . .

154 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

ya' cu'l wi' caki'n, these dogs belong hic'n-tset wet a' hina'k kicet okia'lul to me, these dogs are mine, inak, it was as if brothers married ya' tsi'k o't cakiye' lak, he is the sisters (1^22) (cf. yil). stronger of the two. icak cako'nne okc6kia'lat, the con- ya' tantsta'l kontle'mo, I have torn stable came and arrested them this paper ("ce papier j'ai de- (D-148). chire")- i'cak cakya'lulSt, they took the men. ya' teko' tik lumlu'mict(a), go and icak ta'-ic o'kiS" yukitne mon ialpe'- roll this barrel! (also said to be 1st hiuiet, strangers have come and pers. sing.), taken our land, ya' wi coko'm, this is my cow (I), ne mon yalpe'hiulSt, they have taken ya' yu'ds i'ti, he is larger than (the the land ("ils ont pris la terre"). other) nee j'alwa'nkinto, I am going to carry ya' yu'ds ij^e' ta°', he becomes wood in my arms, smaller than the other, wi' icak cakia'lu, I take men, I arrest yuki't iyi' ya' puhitse'ctsfil, we rose men. and jumped over (D). wi no'k pu'k ne'e yalwa'nkinto, I ya (D-50, 51, 55, 60, 62, 66, 74, 75, 76, am going to carry an armful of 78, 79, 85, 100, 101, 102, 105, 115, wood. 116, 117, 121, 126, 131, 139, 141, ya'1-pe'yulet, they finished taking all. 145), ia (D-47), and. ya'-u cakya'lne, net for fishing. hika't ni't ya' ha'l coki'n wi'(c), I am yaiic [iorlish], wolf (E. D.). five and a half feet (tall) yam, John tanko'hi ya' lu'1-ici'hat, John kapi'j^a'mc (ya'mco), to pick up jumped in and swam over (n, coffee grains (fallen on the ground), "and," or hal, "afterwards," could na'-u-oxo'x icya'mcne, chinkapins we be used for ya). two gather or collect (D-48). koko'kic-o-ik cakicau'tsgl ya caki- coxmo'n icya'mcShg, we will gather tsa'-e, we catch and fry them, everything (D-49). ok hu'ya po'neat ya yi'kcat, he came yam, to see him, cured him and was paid, icak cakia'm, a liar, a man lying, o'tsi ya' o'ts pu'nso, I blow over the ke'-ucaki&'mkinto, I sit here telling

surface of (queried by D). lies, I lie. cu'l pakna'-u ti'k ya' pu'x natipa'tsi- cakia'm, lie; he'-u cakia'm (pi.). cat, the dog runs and turns a yfi.m, to tie, to gird, somersault, hatya'mo, I gird myself, wi himaka'w6t kitsak a'manyg (or hi'v^mne, to tie it for me.

am-wan ya'), I fell because I was til hat'hi'j^amne, ti'l hatyS'mne, a drunk, belt, a strap for girding oneself,

wic ke'-utluxkco ya' cokiulco, I ti'l te'yu? ya'mne, strap for valise.

smoke and write, 3'3.'mo, I gird (somebody) ; iterative yak, (?). ySmyamo. cokiu'lc hipo'ns yake'co, I sealed a yafi, dark green ("vert"); pi. yan

letter. i'tixt (?) ; E. D. yann [iaann], black, yakst [iakst], to hate, to loathe (E. D.) blue, (cf. mi(l)). on van, o'm yan, herb green, green yazts, fanner, winnower (basket for deeper in shade than ak (A. R.). winnowing grain) ("pour vanner le yapu'x, ble"). yapu'xne, spear, lance (D-130); yal, to take, to seize, to arrest (pi. E. D. tsa.

stem; sing. ko"). yack, lack, heavy (?). hakit hukica'k hokia'lulha'-uxc {or won i'-ack, dew is wetting (or ren-

hokia'lul-a'-uc) , they are unable dering dirty), to marry their relatives ("to take wo'n ya'ckat, full of dew (it was), each other") (cf. yil). the dew was heavv. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 155

ya-u, i-a'u (I), fish (oftener ndi is laka'xc hatna'hiyi'kicta, how much used, but it is properly the name money will you pay me? how much of the catfish; A. R. stated money have you to paj- me? that ya'-u was also the name of a calcyi'kico, I paid many people, particular kind of fish); E. D. cakyl'kco, I buy; pi. takes he'-u. yaghau [iagghau], fish. cine'-u ya' cukcaki'kc, who are these komo'k ya'-u cakina'-ucne, or ko'- merchants? mok ya'-u cak'ha'ne, fish basket cit-ha'n li'l ya' cokcukyi'kc^ picking (cak'ha'ne = "to put in")- to pieces and selling moss (D-75). ya'-u a'l la'klak ("fish with hard coko'n he'-u caki'kco, I buy many flesh"), yao' la'klak, gaspergou cows, (L-6), the fresh water drumfish coko'n cokcaki'kco, I sell a cow. (given erroneously as "alewife"). coko'n tanu'k caki'kco, I buy a cow. ya-pu'm, mullet, "jumping fish" cokcakie'kc a°, cok-cakl'kc a"', store, (abbr. from ya'-u pu'm). warehouse, "house selling things." ya'-u icu'lo", I have caught a fish. cokcakiekc a° yi'kc hiwe'-u, a high- ya'-u lu'lkit, ya'-u lu'l, the fish swims. priced store, ya'-u cakya'line, net for fishing. cok cakie'kc a° yi'mo° (oryimo'n), a ya'-u tsik cakica'wu, I have taken cheap store, two fish; sing, ica'wu. co'k-caki'kc, merchant (" boutiquier "). ya-u, to watch, to guard, to wait for, cokcaki'kc a"' la'w6t, a shop burned to keep, to mind, to look after. ("une boutique a brtll6"). a°lak ya'-u, sheriff, "jail keeper." cokcaki'kcat, she sold them (D-78). hiya'-u, wait for me! cok-caki'kckit, he is selling (he sold), iya'-u, wait! cok-cakic, goods, iya'-unto, wait ye! cokcakyl'kco, I sell, ket hia'uc hu'nS., I can not wait to to'lka heyi'kiuiat, they paid me well. see him, I have no time to see him yi'kico, I paid (her), (a'uc = "not to be able"). yfkcat, he paid him (D-117). 'nya'-uta, I will wait for you, I will yikciwe'-u, high priced, dear, expect you (D-42). yi'kco, I paid it. wi ya'wo, I wait. yil, to shine, luminar}% light, day ya'-ukinto hu'ta, I wait in order to (1^18, 36, 42, 45, 59; D-108); see him ("j 'attends pour le voir"). E. D. idl, iggl, iigg'l; Ak. idl [idle], ya'-u ti'k hi'ok'n, wait till I come! day. yegg [iegg], white walnut, hickory a' itiyi'lc, this month, (E. D.). a' yil, to-day. ye-u, sand. a'yilic, a'yilict, to-day; E. D. attigl, ye'-u he'-u, sand heaps, lots of sand, ateggl. yik, to bargain, to trade, to buy, to ayi'l kaukau'kit he'yilakc, now it is sell, to pay. raining {or misting) and I am weary hakit cakyi'kcta o'kulfit, they came of it ("aujourd'hui ga brumasse, je to buy. n'aime pas cela" or "je suis lasse hatna' hiyi'kicta, how much will you de cela"). pay me? or how much have you to ayi'lc aktsa'-uc, toda}^ it is cold. pay me? Giwi'lc yil u-ev he'ts. New Year, i'cak cokcaki-i'kc, a man who had "the great Sunday of the French" been sold (not exactly a slave). (u-ev = hiwe-u). la'ktakc tol hi-i'kicat, he has paid me ha'l itiyi'lc, next month (I), good silver {or money) ("il m'a ha'l yi'lkin (D-124), halyi'kin, next pay6 argent comptant {or bon)". day. 66784—32 11 . . ; . .

156 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

hika'-untgt yi'l tu'tan, I awoke in the cokiu'lc hike'-at ayi'l, I have re- morning ("je me r^veUlai le ma- ceived a letter this day. tin"), talko'pka {or tako'p) yi'ltat, the hicokec kco', yi'lkit {or yi'l) ti'co, light shines bluely. though I am sick I go out every tanu'kip yi'lkit mon, once during the day. day (L-40).

imtimna yS'lic, light the candle! tik yi'lco, ti'k yi'l, till day.

(im^an?). ti'u^ts yimyi'lckit, it is lightning I'nkilic yi'lu e'vhets, I'nkili'c yi'l slowly, hu-e'v hets, Christmas (u-ev = ti'umi'myi'lckit, it is lightning, hiwe-u) wi yi'lSn ake'ta, I am going to stay iti ma'n hihai'xtikyilco, I wept all to-morrow, night, ya'n yi'ltat, the light shines from

iti ma'n hiwa'lc tiki'lat {or tikyi'lat), afar, I dream all night (until daylight). yi'lat, daylight, it itiyi'lc, the first month, the past yl'lgn, to-morrow, next day; E. D. month, idla, iidla. itiyi'lc (D-53), iti-yi'lc (I), month, yi'16° akili'kicta, I shall wet (it) moon; E. D. tegidlect [teg-idlesht] to-morrow (again). Ak. tin-idl [tin-idle], moon, yi'lSn a'mta, I will drink to-morrow, itiyi'lc ha'l, the last month (of the yil he'ts, large light, big day. year) yi'l hiwe'-u (D-62), yil howe'-u, week, itiyi'lc he'tskit, crescent moon, yi'l hiwe'-u e'n, Mardi Gras. "moon is growing larger" (I). yil hiwe'-u petik, yi'l, Monday itiyi'lc hidso'nkit, waning moon, (D-149). "the moon is diminishing." yi'l hiwe'-u yil, Sunday, itiyi'lc ihuki't'ha, new moon, "I yi'l huwe'-u pe'tik {or pe'tek) jal, don't see the moon" (I). Monday,

iti'yilc i'l, new moon, yi'l ita'nts, the day is dark {or itiyi'lc kima'tip, the intermediate cloudy) month, yi'l ma'n m5n, the whole day. itiyi'lc pe'het, it is half moon (I). yil tanuk, one day; E. D. idla itiyi'lc pe'tst kahiya', itiyi'lc pe'tst hannigg, iidl hannigg. kawia(?), last month, yi'l to'l, clear sky, a fine day, "a itiyi'lc pu'kgt, it is full moon (I). good day"; E. D. tagg tolc (tagg itiyi'lc tanu'k, one month (L-39) totch) E. D. tegg-idlect hannigg. yi'l to'l tsa'k hi'nai, I think that it itiyi'lc yi'l, the moon shines, will be good weather and dry ("je

kakau' yil, koka'-u _vi'l, the sun crois qu'il fera beau temps et sec"). shines. yi'l tu't, yil tu'tan (I), before day- kic yi'16n yuk'hi'ti ko'-into, she will light.

speak Atakapa to-morrow, yi'l yi'l, the day is clear, ku'tska yiltat, the light shines red. yi'myilc, lightning; E. D. iho-igglst. mi'lc kco' yi'l man coka'xko (3d pers. yu'kit an itiyi'lckit, our house is -kit), though he is blind he walks lighted up at night.

a;ll day.

na'k ta yi'l, now it is day, now it is wi' yi'lSn a'mt6 (D), wi' yi'16n a'mta,

clear weather ("a present il fait I will drink to-morrow, clair"). (na'-ict) yi'lgn a'mta {or a'mtS), na nats yilyi'l, lightning bug, fireflj'. yi'lgn na'mtkit, yoxi will drink Sa'medi yi'l, Saturday, to-morrow, cakyu'lc cako'-i ayi'l, a letter sent (ha) yi'lgn a'mta, ha'c yi'16n a'mtkit, to-day. he will come to drink to-morrow......

gatschet") swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 157

yuki't yi'16n icamneng, yuki't yi'lSn i'nc-wa'nkin yo'k ya', while they ica'mtikit, we wDl come to drink were mourning and singing (D- to-morrow, 115). naki't yi'lSn a'mta, naki't yi'lfin Ka'tkac-yo'k ta'-i, Calcasieu River, naka'mtikit, you (pi.) will come to "Screaming Eagle River" (I), drink to-morrow, cakyo'kat yoko'n haki't o't, she sang haki't hi'lSn a'mulxS, haki't yi'16n songs to them (D-86). a'mtikit, they will come to drink cu'kcoc yo'ktit, the bird chatters, to-morrow. wi yo'ko, I sing, wocim yok, to whistle, iggl lamlampst (P), igg'lamlampst (C), yoko'n, song (I). the light is dazzling (E. D.). yoko'n ci'li, a fine song. iggl tolct [tolsht] (P), iigg tolch [tolsh] yo?t, to lie (many) (tixt is sing.)

(C), the da}^ is fine, the day is clear ke'c cakcoke'c yo'xt wi ca'k'hinai, I (E. D.). think that many women lie sick teg-idlect [teg idlesht], moon (E. D.). ("je crois que plusieurs femmes teg-idlect tolct [teg-idlesht tolsht], sont malades"). the moon shines (E. D.) yol, i-ol, bad, mean; pi. yo'lyol or yil, to marry (cf. hila'-i, wife). i-6li-ol; E. D. iol (son i-6l). John Annie yilwai'tikit, John will ica'k yol, ica'k i-ol, a mean man. marry Annie (D-63). yo'lgt, she (or he) was angry (D-79.) Kile't-ki'c yilkeya', Kile't-ki'c was married (D-62). nikiil iol or nikib i5l [nickiil iol], the wic yilke'ta, I am going to marry, woman is wicked (E. D.). ya' ha'c yilke', then she married yon (probably from preceding). (D-lOO). icak yo'n, wizard, sorcerer (not cer-

ya' icak ya ki'c kanj-u'c yilwai'tikit, tain) . that man is going to marry that ki'c yo'n, witch (not certain). woman, yots, ya' ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut (or o't) yo'ts ka'nto, to squat,

yilke, that woman marries that man, yo-u [ioou], to weep (E. D.). (cf. yil (cf. two preceding forms). yok). yil ka'nmAn ne'e, post oak (D did not Yoyo't, name of an Atakapa woman, know this word) yu, yu'kit, we, us, our; E. D. look, we. yim, yem, to lighten. ha' yu'kit ot {or ut) icmi'cat, he gave ti'uxts yimyi'lckit, it is lightning to us. slowly, icak ta'-ic o'kia° yukit ne mo'n ial- ti'-umi'myi'lckit (properly ti'uxts pe'hiulgt, strangers have taken our yimyi'lckit), it is lightning con- land, tinually, ya'n yuki't icti'uts, shall we go yimyi'lc, ye'myi'lc, lightning, there? yi'mo", yemo'n, cheap. ya' cu'l yukit cakin, that dog belongs cok cakiekc a° yi'mo", a cheap store. to us. yints, ya'-u yuki't icu'lts6l, we have caught ica't atyi'nsne (D-137), or icat a fish,

atyg'ne (D-133, 134), head crown yu'kit a'n iti' yi'lckit, our house is (of silver) lighted up at night, ke'-u yi'nts, to wrap up sitting, yuki't a'nkin, in our house (D-43). wi tsi't yi'ntso, I wrap up tobacco yuki't a"' nep, yuki't a'nc nep, our (into a cigar) house is low. yok, to sing; E. D. yok [iok] (cf. yo-u). yuki't eku'nnak na'-uts61, we have hiwe'-uka yo'ko, I sing much, come ("nous sommes arrives k hokwa'nc yoko'n, a war song. I'heure qu'il est"). .

158 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

yu'kit hatu'xtsicta o'kit, v/e come to yuki't pu'ns micke'ctsSl, we blow learn, around, yuki't hiwe'-uka ico'ygt, we have yu'kit cukia'xnin iche'-uc, we have laughed much, plenty to eat. yuki't ikinhu'dsgl, we look at you 3'uki't tsi'k co'ko-i, we two are chiefs, yuki't ina'-uts6l, we come into (the yu'kit tso-opi'cints6l, we twist (fut.?) house) yuki't ta-uhatwa.'ni Otsota't ot, we yu'kit icak, our relatives ("nos pa- pray to God. rents"). yu'kit te'm a'mts61, yuki't te'm yukit icamghg, we will then drink. a'mtsel, we drank yesterday, yuki't icatpa'wackit, we balance our- yuki't tiu-o'-ilo, let us go to sleep! selves. yu'kit tiupo'tsicu, we go and turn yuki't icha'l, we are the last ("nous loose, sommes les derniers") (L), we are j^u'kit tiucak'nouts61, we take a walk, behind. we go outdoors, yuki't iciti', we are first in a line yu'kit tiucakpo'tsicu, we go and ("nous sommes les premiers") turn many things loose, (L). yuki't ti'uta, we go away, yuki't ickemc ko, we would wish to yukit to'-its61 nespa'lkin, we get row ("nous voudrions ramer") into a carriage (D). (L). yuki't to okatka'mckitnto, we scratch yu'kit icoko'-in, while we are chiefs each other, (given as future). yuki't uket, our mother, yuki't ico'nc, we don't want. yuki't yi'16n icamneng, yuki't yi'16n yuki't icpi'xn, we die ("nous mou- ica'mtikit (D), we will drink to- rons"). morrow. yuki't icco'kcokec, we are sick. yukit iccukia'-iko', yukit cukia' icko', yuki'ti ipco'kgne', we will be doctors, we want something to eat, we want yuki'ti ite't pel, our stepfather, to eat. yuki'ti co'kec, yuki't a' ya'nak yukit {or yuk'hit) itet pe'l, our step- icoke'c, we are sick, father (D-101). yuki'ti coko'-i, yuki'ti ca'kcokoi, we yuki't k3.n, yu'kit k&n, at our house, are chiefs, at our home ("chez nous") yukiti coko'j'6t, we were chiefs, we (D-50). have been chiefs, yuki't kaukau'ki" tso'-ons61 (or tso'- yukiti' cuke'cat, yuki'ts icuke'cat, onts61), we stand in the water up we have been sick. to the neck. yu'kit ki'chu', we have seen that yuki'tic la'klak, we are strong, ("nous avons vu

160 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

wi iyi'ktat cukiu'lkinto, I stand and ikunyu'ds ka'-u, corpse of a boy (I), write, I write standing. ica'k ikunyu'ts, icak (i)kunyuts (I), wi ke'-u cokiulcnto, I am going to a half-grown boy, a young man. write, icak iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf boy wi ke'-u-cukiu'lcnto, wi ke'-u-cukiu'l- (I), kinto, wi'c ke'-ucokiu'lcnto, I am icak konyu'ds ta°' caktewe' mo'kgt, going to write, another young man has come with wi cokiu'lc he'-u ke'-uhu'nto, I read the rest, many books, icitsiu'tsicat, we grew up, she raised wi cokiu'lc ke'-u-hu'nto, I read a us (D-101). book, "I sit reading (I). icitsyu'tskin, while we grew up wic ke'-u-cakiu'lckinto, I am writing (D-73). while seated (I). icyutsyu'ts, he raised us (D-102). wic ke'-u cokiu'lcnto, I am going to iyu'tskin, when I was grown up

write, ( = itsyu'tskin?) (D-104). wic ca' ot ke'-u cakiu'lckinto, I ki'c ikunyuts, also ki'c ickali't (I), write for somebody (L). a girl; pi. ke'cec (L). yu'l ki'-ipaxc o't, striped horizon- kic iku'nyuds a'npanc, a deaf girl (I), tally, ki'c ikunyu'ds ka'-u, the corpse of a yu'l kolko'l, undulating, wavy. girl (I), yu'l kotsito'lic, checkered, having kic ikunyu'ds wa'ci, an old maid, a squares, spinster, yul okitso'-ic, crossed, having stripes kic ku'nyuds mi'lc, a blind girl (I), crossing each other, kic yuts, young woman (A. R.), also yule, yu'lci, word, writing, mark (for used as a personal name and was lumber), speech, discourse (D-42 borne by Delilah Moss; the name (title)). was also applied to the will-o'-the- yu'l cakpe'm, to shoot at a spot, wisp, which was said to call people yu'lco, I mark, I make a mark. (may mean "eldest woman"), yuc, ne-yu'c (I), field ("un clos")- wi no'mc tsik cakitsyutsickinto, J ne'e taka'mc neyu'c, brush fence raise two children, ("clos fait avec des branches")- wic ikunyu'ts caktika'-u, I look ne-yu'ckin, in the field, young, ne-yu'c ne-po'm, plowed field, wi yol yuds, my eldest son. tso'-ots neyu'c, cornfield, ya' icak ya ki'c kanyu'c yilwai'- wi ne-yu'ckin pakna'-u ti'co, I run tikit, that man is going to marry across a field, that young woman, yuts, yu'ds, to grow, grown up, adult, ya ki'c kanyu'c ya' icak ut (or o't) eldest ("grand"). yilke, that young woman marries hakit yu'tstit, hakit yutsyu'tstit, that man.

they grow, ya yu'ds i'ti, he is larger than (the ikunyuds, ikunyu'ts (D-74) (com- other) posed of ikun, or eikun, "just now," ya' yu'ds iye' ta°', he outgrows the and yuts, "growing"), a young other, person (male or female) yu'dskit, to grow, ikunyu'tsip, to young people (D- yu'tstit, he grows (animals and 118). people, but not plants) ikunyu'ts iti, my youngest son. INDEX TO THE ATAKAPA DICTIONARY a, tanu'k. another, tan. able, to be; uxts. ant, itsa'k. about, nak. anthill, itsa'k, pa. above, itse', ots, te-u. antler, nox, teka'-uc. abuse, to; he-u. anus, tol. accompany, to; ti, tiwe. anxious, to be; icuhe. accumulation, mak. any, co. ache, to; he. anything, total. acorn, to'pict. apiece, c6m. across, ino', icix, kipa'xc, ma, coki'nkgn. apple, ki'wilc, ol'.

Adam's apple, ko-i, mak. apron, it, kom. admit, to; in. arm, nok. adult, yuts. armful, nok, pu. afar, ya. armpit, at, nok. afraid, anian. arms, nats. after, ha, hal, han, -ic. around, mic. afternoon, itse', pa-i. arrange, to; itol, iwil. afterward, hal, tsat'n. arrest, to; kon, yal. again, kul, pa-1. arrive, to; mok, na-u, 5. against, hok-. arrow, skenne', tik. aged, wa'ci. arrowhead, ica't, tik. ago, kaki, tsika't. as, nak. ague, la-u. as if, nak. ahead, it, iye'. as yet, ta". air, kan, pats. ascend, to; tam. Alabama, Alpamu', na-u'. ashes, te'mon. alewife, ya-u. ash tree, wat. all, hika'-u, kiic, man, men. ask, to; in. all right!, tol. as yet, ta°. alligator, ciwa't. asleep, oi. allow, to; na-u. astride, kina'l. almond, co, tep'u'k, tuka'-u. at, -p, -ke, o, ot. almost, han. at a distance, pel. alone, nuk, cSm. at all, CO. along, man, o, 6c. at the same time, itol. already, kul. Atakapa, Ata'kapa, Ta'kapo, Yu'k'- although, kco. hiti. always, kul, man. attack, to; tsam. American, 6'nkilic. auger, hop, nee. Anacoco prairie, kakau. aunt (maternal and paternal), hile't. ancient, wa'ci. autumn, a'kmalc, aktsa'-u. and, n, ya. avaricious, ci-u. angle, koc. awake, to; ka-u. angry, i-u(c), y5l. away, pel. animal, hattoiau. awl, hop. ankle, tsi, tuts. ax, pa-i. 161 162 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOF.

baby, cemps tapahan, tsic. bell, kom, cixt. bachelor, i-ol, ca. bellow, to; hon. back, hal, hatt, pa-i. belly, kom, tat. back-ache, he, ots. belong, to; ke. back of, hal, cuk. below, ne, cuk. bacon, en, hi'yen. belt, kaihi, til, ySm. bad, hatse-e'c, ikau, yol. bend, to; kok, koc, pen, tixt. bag, ka-u. best, it. bake, to; wak. better, catna'. balance, to; pa-u, ta. between, tslk. ball, tokc. bewitch, to; hatse-e'c, ka. bank, nol, o, oc. beverage, iim. barefooted, hika't, c6m. beyond, ina'hi, ma. bareheaded, cSm. big, h6ts, icka'm, kome, uici, uc. bargain, to; ylk. Big Lake, tul. bark, tal. bile, tins. bark, to; wewef. bill (of bird), kat, uts. barn, an, tso'-ots. billow, wal. barrel, te'k'ho. billowy, wal. barter, to; make. bind, to; hikon. basin, cixt. bird, cokco'c, tsalagst. basket, ko, birth, to give; mak. bass, lak, ya-u. biscuit, hitso'n, wak. baton, tsom. bison, coko'n. battle, nats. bit, atna. bay, koc. bit, a (piece of money), skale'. bayou, icol, ta-i. bitch, cul. Bayou des Gayes, kA-i. bite, to; tsa. Bayou Dinde, ts'ok, ta-i. bitter, a'fipats, he. Bayou Noir, ta-i. black, mel, yan. be, to; a, ict, -c, ta, to, uc. blackberry, kin. bead, koi, oni, takine'n. blackbird, ts'ok, tsumthimaan_ beans, kima'ti. blacken, to; mel. bear, stigne', ca'ko. blanket, ok. beard, kat, na-u', oc. blaze, to; la-u. beast, wild; hattoiau. bleed, to; poc. beat, to; 6m, pak, pam. blind, mil. beautiful, ci'lin. blood, poc, iggp. beaver, otts. bloom, to; te?Ik. because, nak, to'hinak, ya. blot, ik. become, to; lye', ka, ko. blow, to; na, pun. bed, pll, wal. blow (nose), to; lut. bedbug, mun. blowgun, pun, tik. bedstead, wal. blue, kop, mel, talko'p, yan. bee, mifi. blue racer, otse', talko'p. beef, coko'n. board, nee, pal, tam. beefsteak, al, itsai. boat, tu. beer, kitsa'k. body, hathe', uc. before, ha, it, tan, tut. body, dead; pix. beg, to; ion, nam. boil, o, uk. beggar, ion, nam. boil, to; am, ilu', itsai, tlo behave, to; wan. bone, tsi. behind, hal, 61*, pa-i. bone rn,arrow, tuts. believe, to; nai, wif. book, pon, yul. 'QATSCHET | SWANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 163

boot, man, na-u. bull, i-6l, eoko'n. border, oc. bullet, tik. bore, to; hop. bullfrog, a'ngnui. borer, hop, pic. bumblebee, min. born, to be; ica. bump, mak. borrow, to; mok, na-u. bumpy, tsiik. boss, ki'wilc. burdock, tsipal. boss (on tree, etc.), ciwa't. burial, moc. both, tsik. burn, to; lam, la-u, ca°. bother, to; kuc. burst, to; tsa(l). bottle, kSlakuats. bury, to; moc. bottom., hui. bustard, timokst. bow, te, woe. but, kco, iputs. bowels, ku'i. butcher, al, hop, pa-i. bowl, pal, cixt, ckop. butter, gn, nik. bowlegged, kok. butterfly, wal. bowstring, o, te. buttocks, hal, pa-i. box, te.vo'. button, tsi'nac. hoy, i-6l, icol, nomc, ca, cka,yuts. buttonhole, hop. brain, icat, tica't. buy, to; yik. branch, nee, teka'-uc. buzzard, hi'lan, timokst. brandy, blackberry; Sm, kitsa'k. by, ipa'l, o. brant, te'mokc. cabbage, icka'm, wac. brass, ktits, tat. cactus pear, kii-i. brave, call. cake, 51', wak. bread, a'fipats, kop, wak. Calcasieu, Ka'tkoc. break, to; kets, kMs, pal, tsa(I). calf, ico'l. breast, itsk, nlk. calf (of leg), kom, nal, tuts. breastpin, mak, tol. call (by name) to; en, wa-u. hreath, kimi'n. camp, afi. breathe, to; kimi'n. can, uxts. brick, ne. candle, 6n, tim. bridge, nee, ta-i, wal. cane, tu.

bridle, kat, ke, k

brown, kuts, tat, tol, wac. carry, to; ti, yal. brushwood, kome, nee, teka'-uc. cart, nee, pal. bucket, nee, cixt. case, ka-u.

buckskin, lans, til. cat, netswopst, nia'l, cake, ciwo'n. bud, texlk. catamount, netswopst, cake. bud, to, texlk. catch, to; ieul, ko", tsam. buffalo, eoko'n. caterpillar, nats, ca". bug, a red; pitsiyu'. catfish, nt'i'. buggy, nee, pal. cattle, eoko'n. 164 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOS

caul, the; ka-u, ots. cloud, it'ha'ns, lak. cause, to; na-u, -c. clouded, it'ha'ns, ots. cedar, khicuc. cloudy, it'ha'ns. ceiling, wal. cloud over, to; ka-u. cemetery, moc, ne. club, nee. centipede, tuts. club, to; nee, pak. chair, ite'-u, ke. coals, kitso'nc, kuts. chatter, to; yok. coat, man, ok. cheap, yi'mo". coat sleeve, ka-u, nok, ok. checkered, kAts, yul. cocklebur, pa'mhoka'-i, tsipal, tan. cheek, al, okc. coffee, kapi'. chest, itsk. coffee grains, kapi'.

chest (trunk), teyo'. coffee mill, kapi', li. chestnut, atsau, no'o'ho. coiled, c6m. chew, a; kat. coin, lak. chew, to; tsa. cold, aktsa'-ii, ko-i (sickness). chicken, noha'mc, tsi'kilik, colic, he, kom. chicken snake, otse'. collar (of shirt), inte', ka-u, tsuL chief, ko-i. collect, to; mak, yam. chigoe, pitsiyu'. cologne, hima', kakau', child, nomc, cemps tapahan, oka. colt, hitso"', com, tsanu'k. chill and fever, tsuc. comb, a; ka-u(c). chilly, aktsa'-u. comb, to; ka-u(e). chimney, kMs, po', ta. come, to; mok, o. chin, it, tcet. come down, to; ik. china tree, li'la, nee. come in, to; in. chinkapin, na-u', no'o'ho, ox. come near, to; han, ti. chinkapin, water; hop, hat, tlop. come out, to; ta. Choctaw, Tsa'xta. coming, tut. chop, to; ktjts, pa-i, pak. coming down, iko. chopper, pa-i. command, to; wac. choupique, the; i-a'n. complete, to; pe. Christ, ots. conjurer, i'peok. Christmas, 6'nkilic, hiwe'-u, yil. connect, to; tsam, tsipal. chunk, a; toko. constable, kon. church, an, in. consumption, ko-i. cigar, tsit, woe. contended, lik. cigarette, tsit, woo. continual, man. cinnamon, nee, 51', tal. continuously, ti-u. cinnamon color, nee, ol', tal. contort, to; pie. city, ntin, uc. cook, a; am. claret, kakau'. cook, to; am. clasp, to; pan. cool, aktsa'-u. clasped, mak. copper, kuts, lak, tat. claw, tsox. copper colored, kuts. clean, to; il, tsak. cord, o. clear (of the sky), itha'-ns, tol, yil. cork, ka-u. climb, to; tam. corn, neeoum, tso'-ots. climb down, to; iko, ti. corncob, tsi', tso'-ots, wak. clock, iwef, iwe-u, ka'khau. corncrib, an, tso'-ots. close, to; pan. corner, koc. close to, 6, ol', tiwe. cornfield, yuc. cloth, ok. cornmeal, kop, li, tso'-ots. clothes, ke. cornstalk, tso'-ots. J

GATSCHETl SWAN TON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 165

corpse, ka-u. dance, to; pux, wan. corrugated, wak. dance (religiously), to; ak. cotton, pa'tite'-u. dance house, ak. cough, ko-i. dark, iti'. cough, to; hop, ko-i. darkness, iti'. counterfeit, to; yul. daughter; kicil, ten. country, ne. daughter-in-law, wi. courageous, co(l). dawn, iye'. court, kak, tun. day, yil. courthouse, an, ko-i. daylight, yil. cousin, female; wet, hile't. dazzle, to; lam. counsin, male; pen. dead, the; ka-u, pix. cover, pac. deaf, an, pan. cover, to; ka-u, ots. dear, yik. covering, ok. death, ka-u. cow, coko'n. debt, yul. coward, its-kawi'c. decrease, to; hitso'n. coyote, came. deem, to; wif. crab, tsam. deep, hui, kac. crack, to; tsa(l). deer, lans. cradle, wil. defend, to; lo. crane, talhanc. desire, to; ko. crawfish, tsam. detest, to; mi(l). crawl, to; ci-u, tsat. devil, ca, tal. crazy, ckalcka'c. dew, won. creeper, te-i. dewberry, kin. Creole, ki'wilc, ca. diarrhea, he, kom. crescent (moon), yil. die, to; ka-u, pij^. crooked, kok, pic. dififer, to; tuka'-u. crop, to; kMs. different (things), hok-, tan, tanu'k. cross, to; icix. dig, to; moc, tam. cross roads, wan. dipper, Sm, ckop. cross stripes, icix direct, ta-i. crossed, jail. dirt, lu, tlakc. crow, kak. dirt color, tuka'-u, tlakc. crow, to; ko-i. dirty, tlakc. crown (of head), ica't, itse'. disagreeable, taue'. crown (of king, chief, etc.), yints. discourse, ko-i, yul. crush, to: lik. discover, to; wine. crust (of bread), tal, wak. disease, he. cry, to; hai, yo-u. dish, man, pal, cixt. culmination, itse'. disk shaped, kAts. cup, am, ka, kapo', ckop. dislike, to; one. cure, to; ka, peni, tol. distant, pel. curly, wol. ditch, ik, kakau', ta. current, akna. divide, to; pa-i. curse, to; he-u. dizzy, itse', iwan. cushion, ka. dizziness, itse', iwan. cut, a; kuts. do, to; ka. cut, to; kilts. doctor, a; i'pcok. cutter, a; kMs. doctor, to; i'pcok, mic. cypress, txut. dog, cul. damp, nak, won. dollar, lak. dance, a; ak, cuk(s). domesticated, to]. 166 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

door, an, kat. eight, himato'l, tsik. dot, ik, yul. eighteen, hal, tsik. double, pon, c6in, tsam, tslk. eighty, hi'ygn, tsik, pon. doubt, to; wif. elbow, est, nok, seksa, cuk, woo. down, ne. eldest, yuts.

down (of birds, etc.), li, tia-u', tot. elevation, small; tlot. downward, ne. eleven, hal, tsanu'k, woe.

dragon-fly, kamtsi'c. elm, till. draw, to; yul. embroider, to; ci(l), yul. draw out, to; kon, ta. end, te-u, tol, uts. drawers, hui, k6. enemy, pen. dream, hi'wal(c). English, 6'nkilic. dream, to; hi'wal(c). enjoyment, lik. dregs, kitsa'-u. enlarge, to; h6ts. dress, ka, ke. enough, nak, pe, tol. dress, to; itol. enraged, i-u(c). drift, to; ka-u (in air), wan. entsr, to; in, tohi.

drink, a; am. erect, illitt, ka, ta. drink, to; Sm, pix. escalin, ska'le. drinking cup, S,in. even, pal.

drip, to; ik. evening, iti', tern. drive, to; tuk, tlop, wan. ever, co. drizzle, to; po'. every, mon. droll, co'yuan. everything, mon. drop, a; ik, ta. everywhere, itha'n, mon. drop, to; ik. excellent, tol. drown, to; ik'ha-u. exchange, to; make. drunk, to be; ka-u. exist, to; nul. dry, to; tsak. extinguished, muks. duck, skau, cokno'k. eye, wol. dull, tok. eyeball, kima'ti, wol. dull color, tuka'-u. eyebrow, na-u', wol. dung, it. eyelash, kica'n, wol. dusk, iti', nak, t6m. eyelid, kica'n, pac, wol.

dwell, to; nul. face, inwe, it. dye, to; mel. face-covering, ka-u. each other, hok-. face-paint, n'ox.

eagle, ka'tkoc. fall, a'kmalc, aktsa'-u, ti. ear, an. fall, to; mak. ear (of corn), wak. fall, to (as a tide or freshet) ; tsak. earring, an; kom. fan, wal. earth, ne. fan, to; wal. earthquake, iwan, ne. fanner, a; yaxts. east, toli. far, pel, ya. eastern, toli. fast, lak, ti-u. eat, to; ktH, ya. faet, to go; ka-u, pol. eater, ya. fasten, to; hikon, kul. eaves, ik, kakau'. fat, 6h. ebb tide, nal, tul. father, (hi)te't, ca-u. eddy, an; akna, mic. father-in-law, hica'n. eddy, to; pa-u. fear, to; anian. edge, 6, oc. feather, li, na-u'. egg, ku, tsil. feather, to; col. eggshell, ku, tal. feeble, min. Gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 167

feel, to; minst. flour mill, li, tso'-ots. female, kic. flow, to; akna. fence, kak, ne, ok, yuc. flower, texlk. ferocious, anian. flutter, to; pats, wal. fetch, to; tuk. fly, ma'tsiwa. fever, la-u. fly, to; ka-u, tsat, ti. fever, yellow, la-u. foal, to; mak. few, a'tna, he-u. foe, pen. fiber bark, tal. fog, kome, ci, won. fiddle, nak. -fold (with numerals), pon, cem. field, ne, yuc. fold, to; pon. fifteen, hal, nit. fontanelle, hop, itse'. fifty, hi'yen, nit, pon. food, ya. fig, nee, cec. fool, uxts. fight, to; nats, tsam. foolish, ckalcka'c, co'yuan. filly, c5m, tsanu'k. foot, hika't, tippell, tuts. fin, kam, nok. foot (measure), hika't.

find, to; wine. footlog, nee, wan. < fine, ci'lin. footprint, pak. fine (of the weather), tol. for, ot, -p, CO. finger, nak, woe. ford, to; icix, kipa'xc. finger nail, ehuks, nak, tsox, woe. forehead, itse', mak. finger ring, woe. forenoon, itse'. finish, to; hafic, ka'-ue, pe. forest, kak. fire, kam, kitso'nc. forget, to; tse-uwan, wic. firefly, nats, yil. fork, tlop, ya. fireplace, ipa'l, kitso'nc. fork (of river), kin, ta-i. firewood, kitso'nc, la-u, nee. form, to; capats.

first, ha'hu, it. forty, himato'l, hi'yen, pon, tsets, woe. fish, nt'i, ya-u. foundation, a; nul. fish, a species; i-a'n. four, himato'l, tsets. fish, to; kom, yal. fourfold, himato'l, cgm. fish basket, in. fourteen, hal, himato'l, tsets, woe. fishhook, kok. fowl, domestic; noha'mc. fishline, o, kok. fox, caks. fish net, yal. freeze, to; ale, capa'ts. fist, mak, woe. French, ki'wilc, ca. five, nit. fresh, il. fivefold, nit, c6m. friend, pen. fix, to; itol. frighten, to; nte-i. flag, ok. frisky, co'yuan. flanks, kii'enak. frog, a'kitoe, a'ngnui. flap, to; pak, pats. from, ke. flat, pax, pal. front, it. flatten, to; pax, pal. frost, ha-u. flea, pux. fry, to; itsai. flesh, al. frying pan, itsai. flexible, li. full, pu, cSm, tal, yack. flint, wai. full moon, pu, yil. flipper (of a turtle), hika't, kone'. fun, full of; co'yuan. float, to; pol, wan. funeral, moc. flood (tide), kae, tul. fur, na-u'. floor, nee, wal. (future time), -ehg. flour, kop, li, tso'-ots. gain, to; kon. 168 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull.. 108 gall, tins. grandmother, maternal and paternal; gallop, to; pakna'-u, pol, tsat. nil. garden, kak, tim. grandson, nil, ktilca. garfish., kon. grape, a'lin. gargle, to; mol, tsak. grasp, to; kon. garter, kaihi, kop, na-u. grass, on. garter snake, otse', yul. grasshopper, to'kitsit, pux, wak. gaspergou, lak, ya'-u. grave, hop, ne, tam. gate, an, kak. graveyard, moc. gather, to; mak, nul, yam. gravy, 6n. generous, tol. gray, to, uc. gentle, tol. grease, Sn. gently, ti'uxts. grease jar, ka-u. genital organs, kams. greasy, Sn. genuine, uc. green, ak, kop, on, tat, yan.

German, A'lSman. green (fresh), il. get into, to; tohi. gridiron, al, tiu. get out, to; ta. • grieve, to; ilan, wan. get up, to; its, iye'. grind, to; em, 11. gimlet, hop, pic. ground, ne. gird, to; yS,m. grow, to; ay, hgts, its-, iye', yuts. girl, kic, kun, nikiil, nomc, yuts. grunt, to; iii. give, to; e(?), mic. guard, to; ja-u. given out, pe. gully, ai, ta-i. glad, to be; tsic. gum, nikc. glass, hu. gum tree, ehe'-u, nee. glittering, lak. gun, pern. globular, tokc. gunpowder, kitso'nc. glove, kom, woe. guts, ku'i. glue, tsipal. gutter, i'k, kakau'. glue, to; tsipal. hackberry, ko°, nee. go, to; non. pa-i, ti, wan. hail, ha-u, pux, wak. go fast, to; tsat. hail, to; pux, wak. go in, to; in. hair, na-u'. go into, to; hoi. hair (of head), kec, tee. go out, to; ta. half, cuki'n. go up, to; tam. half grown, j^uts. goblet, cixt. hammer, pam. God, ots, ot, ta. hand, woe. gold, kuts, lak. handkerchief, ok, yul. gold color, tat. handle, ka-uc. gone, pe. handsome, ci'liii. good, tol. hang, to; kom, capa'ts. good-for-nothing, co, tol. hanging, capa'ts. goose, eiietst, nok, te-u. hard, hiwe'-u, hue', lak, tann, ti-u, gourd, kipa'dsu. tol. gourd rattle, kipa'dsu, con. hare-lip person, kuts. govern, to; ko-i, wan. harvest mite, pitsij'u'. grain, ots. hat, ica't. grandchild, nil. hatchet, pa-i. granddaughter, nil. hate, to; mi(l), j^akst. grandfather, maternal and paternal; have, to; ha, ka, ke. kfilca. hay, on. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 169 he, ha. hour, iwef. head, ica't, tol. house, an. headache, he. howP, hatna', na. heal, to; peni. how much? hatna, na. healthy, tol. hum, to; Ion. hear, to; nak. human being, ca. heart, co. hundred (and compounds), hi'yen, hearth, ipa'l, kitso'nc. pon. heartily, hiwe'-u. hungry, ka-u. heat, ilu'. hunt, to; nSl. heaven, it'ha'ns. hunt, to (to search) ; ini. heavy, aceb, kome, kon, yack. hurricane, a; hi, lak. help, to; ka, 15. hurry, to be in a; wanha'n, woe. hen, noha'mc, tsi'kilik. hurt, to; he, ka-u. her, ha. husband, hipa', i-ol, ca. here, a, 6, -p, ya. husk, tso'-ots, tal, wac. heron, tsi'kip, ta, talha'nc, tosigs. I, hi-, -o, wi. herself, ha. ice, ale. hickory, nee, paktsa'kc, yegg. icicle, ale, capa'ts. hide, til. if, n, -n. hide, to; inu, tsan. imitate, to; iwe'-u. high, iye', mets, ots. (imperative) , -15, -to. high (water), kac. in, hui, ke, ots, tixt. high priced, ylk. in front, iti. hill, ne, neklagg, nol. in return, pa-i. him, ha. increase, to; h6ts. himself, ha. index finger. It, nak, woe. hip, kti'cnak. Indian, an; kuts, ea, yu'k'hiti. his, ha. Indian Lake, tul, yu'k'hiti. hiss, to; woe. indoors, kima'ti. hit, to; pak. industrious, hiwe'-u, ka. hoarfrost, ha-u. inebriated, ka-u. hoe, ka'ntsa'-u. infant, eemps tapahan, tsic, hog, hi'yen. infant basket, ko. hoist, to; iye'. inhabit, to; nul. hold, to (to make) ; ka. injure, to ; he. hole, hop, tal, tarn, te. ink, yul. holiday, hiwe'-u. inlet, koe. hollow, hop. insect, nats. home, an, ntin, ot, pa-i, inside, kima'ti. honey, ak, min. intelligent, uxts. honeylocust, nit. intensely, nak. hook, kok. intermediate, iti', kima'ti. hook and eye, kaihi. interpreter, an; uj^ts, wan.

''hoop snake," il. (interrogation), a. horizon, mic, ne. invitation, in. horizontally, kipaxc, mail. iron, kiits. horn, nox. iron, to; kinxi. horned owl, wolce'l. irrigate, to; ik. hornet, min. island, kak, ne, ta-i. horse, tsanu'k, wen. it, ha, hi-. horseback, tsanu'k. itself, ha. horsefly, i-on. jackass, an. hot, ilu'. jaguar(?j, intok, came. 170 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY

jail, an, lak. lazy, hilak. jail keeper, ya-u. lead, com, tik. jar, pal, cixt. leaf, wac. jaw, kat, ots, tsi. leak, to; hop, Ik. jawbone, ots, tsi. lean, pax. jessamine, texlk. leaning, talanka'-u.

join, to; tsam. leather, til.

joy, lik. leave, to; na-u, nul, pots, ta, tl. judge, ko-i. leech, lam. juice, ak. left (hand), kets. jump, to; illipi, pux, wak. leg, lower; tuts. jump in, to; in, tanko'hi. leg, upper; mal. jump into, to; hoi. leg (of table), hika't. just now, eiku'n. lend, to; mok. just so, nak, to'hinak. leopard, came. kantak, tla'kict. lessen, to; hitso'n. keep, to; na-u, ya-u. let, to; in, na-u. keep still, to; ke. let out, to; ta. kernel, co. let us! -lo. kettle, cixt. letter, a; yul. key, lak. level, pal. kick, a; pak. liana, te-i. kick, to; tsal. liar, a, uc, wan, ySm. kidneys, wul ha'ktakc. liberal, tol. kill, to; nima. lid, pac, cixt. kiss, kat. lie, to; holli, nihu, nok, nul, tixt (sing.), kiss, to; kat, tots. yoxt (pi.). kitchen, am, an. lie, to (a falsehood) ; ySm. kitten, ico'l, ciwo'n. life, pistaggs.

knead, to; tsan(c). lift, to; iye', kon (?). knee, te'mak. ligament, nal. kneecap, 6n, te'mak. light, yil. kneel, to; te'mak, tlop. light, to; tim, yil. knife, ktits. light (in weight), kon, tla-u. knob, mak. lighten, to; mak, ne, yim. knock, to; pam. lightning, yil, yim. knot, hikon, lak, mak. lightning bug, nats, yil. know, to; uxts. lightning rod, kon. ladder, wolka'nts. like, nak, tuka'-u. lady, kic. like, to; icuhe, ite'-u. lake, ciwo'n, tul. lily, marsh; ai, talko'p, texilk. Lake Charles lake, te-u. limb, nee, teka'-uc. lame, kets, wan. line, yul. lance, tsa, yapu'x. lip, kat. land, ne. liquid, ak. land measure, iwef. listen, to; nak, pax. language, ko-i. little, hitso'n, ico'l, cka. lap, to; am. little, a; a'tna. lard, 6n, hi'yen. live, to; ka, ke, nul, to, wan^ large, hets, icka'm, mets, uici, uc. lively, co'yuan. lark, itsk, cokco'c, tsila'm, tfit. liver, kStsk. last, hal. It, kawiya, pe. lizard, ma' kets, nishtomam.. laugh, to; ha'yu. loathe, to; yakst. laurel, bi'lafi, nee, te. lock, an, lak. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 171

lock, to; lak. match box, ka-u, kol, la-u, teyo' log, nee. matter, to be the; ka. long, man. me, hi-, wet. longtime, a; kxil. meadow, loxk. look, to; hu. meadow lark, itsk, tsila'm.

look like, to; tuka'-u. meal, kop, li. look after, to; ya-u. mean, hatse-e'c, yol.

look for, to; iiii. mean, to; co.

looking-glass, it, hu. measure, to; iwef. lookout, to be on the; ini. meat, al. loose, to; pots. medicine, te-i. lope, to; pol, tsat. medicine, a kind of; hi'laii, te-i. lose, to; axli(c). meet, to; kin. lots of, he-u. meeting place, kin, ta-i. loud, maghasu, ots. mend, to; ka, ka-i. louse, nin, tsll. merchant, yik. love, to; ite'-u, lem, c5t. Mermentau River, I'nmanta-u. low, mok, ne. mew, to; hon. low (water), nal, tsak. Mexican, Tsa'yon. low, to; hon. Mexico, ne, Tsa'yon. lower, ne. midday, ka'khau. lowered in front, po-ol. middle, kima'ti. luck, tol. midnight, iti', kima'ti. lumber mill, kin, tam. mile, iwef, ne. luminary, yil. milk, nik.

lump, mak. mill, li, tso'-ots. lungs, itsk, tsats. mill, to; hat-, ka. lynx, netswopst, cake, mind, to; ya-u. maggot, nats. mischievous, co'yuan. magnolia, hila'n, man, nee, te, wac. missile, a small; com. maize, neeoum, tso'-ots. mist, to; po'. make, to; ka, na-u. mix, to; mak. make baskets, to; ko. moccasin, na-u. make do, to; wae. moccasin snake, otse. make fun of, to; ha'jai, iwe-u. mock, to; iwe-u. male, i-ol, ca. mocking bird, ko-i, takis, tots. man, a; i-ol, ca. moist, ak, nak, won. mane (of horse); na-u', te. molar, iek^'m. manure, it. molasses, ak, ne, 61', cick. many, he-u, mon. mole, houm, mom. many times, ti'mka. Monday, hiwe'-u, pe, yil. marble (to pla,y with), ee. money, lak. Mardi Gras, &n, hiwe'-u, yil. monkey, kue, mel, tuka'-u. mare, tsanu'k. month, yil. mark, yul. moon, iti', yil. xnark, to; yul. moor, to; hikon.

marrow, tuts, wa. more, hal, it, iye'. marry, to; hila'-i, yal, yil. morning, iye', yil. marsh, ai, kotsk(o). mortar, pa. marsh lily, talko'p, texlk. mosquito, tla. mash, to; lik. moss, cit. master, ki'wilc. mother, huke't, teii. mat, kai. mother-in-law, hica'n. match, kol, la-u. mound, mak. 66784—32 12 172 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 10&

mount, to; tarn. niece, tens.

mountain, katt, mak, ne. night, iti'. mourn, to; ilan, wan. nine, tegghuiau, woe. mouse, an, pak. nineteen^ hal, tegghuiau. kat. mouth, ninety, hi' yen, tegghuiau. mouth (of a river), ntul. nipple, nik. move, to; iwan, tsip. no !, a°, ha. much, he-u, hiwe'-u. nobody, ca, co. mucus, mil. none, ha. lu. mud, noon, itse', ka'khau. muddy, tlokc. north, hole. mulatto, i'ctoxc. northern, hole. mulberry, cec. nose, uts. mule, an, man. nose ring, kom. mullet, pux, ya-u. nostril, hop, uts. mumps, ko-i. not, ha. muscadine, hi'lan, wol. nothing, co, cok, total. musical instrument, a certain kind nothing, for; kon, total. of; nak. now, a, eikun, kul, nak. mustache, kat, na-u'. oak, to'pict, ka'ncinkc, kuts, nee, yiL mute, ko-i. oar, hin. my, wi. obliged, hiwe'-u. myrtle bush, ine'. occiput, inte'. myself, wi. ocean, kakau', tul. nail, i'col. ocelot (P), came, tek. nail (of finger); ehuks(?), nak, tsox. oesophagus, ko-i. naked, wo'ciiia. of, ot. name, en. often, ti'mka. naine, to; en, wa-u. oil, 6fi. narrow, po. old, iolic, kop, wa'ci. nasty, ikau. oldest, wa'ci. near, ipal, o, ol, tiwe. old maid, kic, yuts. near, to come; han. omelet, itsai, ku, noha'mc. nearly, han, nak, 51. on, ots, ot, -p. neck, inte', ko-i. on account of, -p. necklace, ok. on the bank of, o, oc. necktie, inte', ok, yul. on the edge of, o, oc. needle, hop, tol. on the point of, ol. negress, kuc, mel. on the rim of, oc. negro, kuc, mel. on the side, num. neigh, to; hai. on this side of, i'ti. nephew, tens. on the top of, ots. nest, pa. once, tanu'k. nest (of ant), itsa'k. one, tanu'k. net, yal, ya-u. one another, hok-. never, co. only, ipu'ts. new, 11, kalla. open, to; pa-i, tel. new moon, yil. opossum, hi'yen, kak. New Orleans, ntin, uc. oppressive, hatte'. newspaper, yul. or, n, tan, u. New Year's day, hiwe'-u, yil. orange (tree), nee, ne'tatat, tat.. next, ha. order, to; wahi, wac. next to, (ot)kine. other, tan. nice, ci'liu. ought, kan. GATSCHETl 173 swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE our, yu. peel, to; lom. ourselves, yu. peeling, tal. out, muks, pa-i, pe. pen, yul. outdoors, puc. pencil, nee, yul. outgrow, to; iye', yuts. penis, toto'e. outside, puc. pepper, kuts, co, tayo'ts, tuka'-u. oven, pal, cixt. perch, pitx. over, ma, ots, tsec. perfume, hima'. over (across), icix. over (finished), hanc, pe. persimmon, ol'. overcoat, man, ok. person, a; ca. overhead, ots. pestle, pa, wak. overlap, to; man, tanu'k. petticoat, hui, ke. owl, a'nt'hu, wawact. pheasant, enke'wiet. owl, horned; wolce'l. physician, i'pcok. owl, screech; woe, iti'. pick, to; yam. own, to; ke. picket, tim. ox, i-6l, coko'n. picture, iwe'-u, yul. oyster, uk. pie, ol', wak. pace, to; tsat, ti'-uxts. pierce, to; hop. paddle, hin. pig, hi' yen. paddle, to;kem. pigeon, togske. pail, nee, cixt. pile, a; mak. pain, he, lam, wai. pile, to; mak. painful, he. pillow, ka. paint, 'n'ox. pillowcase, ka, ka-u. paint, to; yul. pimple, o, com, uk. pair, tsik. pin, mak, tol. paling, tim. pinch, to; tstim. palm (of hand), kima'ti, woe. pine, man, mun, nee. palmetto, ma'kpel. pink, kuts. palpitation, pak. pipe, tslct, tluk. pantaloons, ca, ke. pistol, pem. pants, ke, ok, ca. pitcher, cixt. paper, ta'nstal. pith, CO. parasol, ack. pity, to; icuhe. parch, to; itsai. place, kahiya'. parching pan, itsai. place, to; itol, na-u, ne. parents, ca. plane, kats, ne. part, to; ti. plane, to; kats, ne. partridge, nelkitson. plank, nee, pal. pass, to; ti. plant, a; hi. pass (of a river), ntul. plant, to; hi. past, tsika't, kaki. plantain (?), a-i. patasa, pitx. plaquemine, ol'. path, wajQ. plate, ka, pal, cixt. pathway, wan. play, eo'yuan. paw, hika't. play, to; anka, wan. pay, to; yik. play (on an instrument), to; nak. peach, tepu'k. playful, eo'yuan. peanut, ku'lc-walc. pleased, lik, tsie. pearl, takine'n. plenty, he-u. peas, kima'ti. pliant, li. pecan, nee, pa'kan. plow, a; ne, pom. 174 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

plow, to; pom. protrude, to; kam. plowman, ne, pom. proud, tsen, tsil. plowshare, ne, pom. provisions, ya. plucky, call. prune, kuts, tep'u'k. plum, kuts, tep'u'k. pull out, to; icul, kon. plunge, to; Ik, mak. pumpkin, moyum. (plural), -kit, te. punch, to; man. pocket, hop, kom. pup, ic5'l, cul. pod, kima'ti. puppy, ico'l, cul. point, uts. purple, uc. point, to; nak. pursue, to; nik'ha'-u. poison, katse-e'c, te'-i. push, to; man, tsan(c). poison vine, he, tsat. put, to; itol, na-u, ne. poker, kitso'nc. put in, to; in, ke. polecat, cikitic, tsinniu. put in order, to; iwil. policeman, kon, ca. put into, to; hoi, ka-u. polished, kats. quail, tsila'm, nelkitson. pond, ai, kotsk(o). question, to; in. pond lily, hop, kat. quick, lak, man. pony, tsanu'k. quicker, ha, maii. poor, lak. quickest, ha, man. poplar, tai. quickly, ha, maii. pork, al, hi'yen. quiet, elan, ti'uxts. porpoise, pun. quiver, ka-u, tik. portrait, i\ve'-u, yul. rabbit, an, pon, well. possess, to; ke. raccoon, wA'lkol. post, tlop. rail, nee, tam. post, to; ke. rail, iron; kuts. post oak, yil. rain, kakau', won. pot, pal, cixt. rain, to; kakau'. potato, kong'n. rainbow, min, paxts. potato, marsh; ai. raise, to; its-, yuts. pottary, lu. raised bread, pe-u. pound, to; 6m. raisins, a'lin. power, hiwe'-u. rapidly, lak, ti-u. powerful, hiwe'-u. rat, an, pak. prairie, loxk. rattle, to; coii. prairie chicken, enke'wict, hom, on. rattlesnake, otse'. pray, to; wen. raven, kak.

prayer bead, ko-i, takine'n. raw, il. preach, to; ko-i, wan. razor, lac, na'-u'. pregnant, com. read, to; hu. prepare, to; itol. ready, itol, pe. prepared, to be; pe. real, uc. present, a; mic. receive, to; kon. previously, ha'hu, it. reciprocally, hok-. prick, to; ka-u, tlop. rectangular, man. prickly ash, nee, ciwa't, te. red, kuts, ofg. prickly pear, kti-i. red bug, pitsiyu'. priest, in, ca. red paint, 'n'ox. prison, an, lak. Red River, kuts, ta-i. proceed, to; ti. redden, to; kuts. property, cok. reed, act. protector, pa°ts. (reflexive), hat-. GATSCHET 1 SWANTON J DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 175

rejoicing, lik. rot, to;ic.

relations, ca. rotten, ic. relatives, ca. rough, tsuk. relax, to; kom. round, ktits, toko. remain, to; ke, nul. row, to; kem. remember, to; uxts. rowboat, kem, tu. remove, to; tsip. rub, to; kol, col, tsak, wo-i. reproa-ch, to; he-u. rugged, tsiik. resemble, to; tuka'-u. run, to; pakna'-u, tsat.

rest, the; tan. run, to (as a river) ; akna. restless, ke, ti'iixts. run after, to; nik'ha'-u.

return, to; 6, pa-i. rust, hatsi'l. revolve, to; mic. rusted, hatsi'l. rhume, aktsa'-u. rusty, hatsi'l. rib, iautall, wext. rustle, to; ecu. ribbon, po. sack, ka-u. rice, te-u. sad, elaii, ckal koptalS. rich, ke. saddle, kipa'xc, nee. ride, to; ite-u. sail, ok. ridgy, wak. salmon color, tat, uc. rifle, pem. salt, ne, cick. right hand, te, tol, woe. salt cellar, ka-u, ne, cick. rim, oc. same, the; tan, tanu'k. rind, tal. sand, ye-u. ring, ke. sap, ak. ring, to; con. satisfied, lik. ring shaped, nak, woe. Saturday, Sa'mgdi, yil. ripe, lak, ne, sauce, 6n. rise, to; iye', o. sausage, ko(l), kui. river, akon(st), ta-i. savage, anian, yu'k'hiti. rivulet, ico'l, ta-i. saw, a; kin. road, wajQ. saw, to; kin. roar, to; kan, Ion. sawdust (?), ak, nee. roast, to; wak. sawmill, an, kiii, tam. roast beef, coko'n, tiu. say, to; wan. roaster, wak. scab, kats. roasting stick, tlop. scaffold, nee, ta. robe, ke. scaffolding, nee, ta. robust, lak. scald, to; la-u. rock, wai. scale (offish), luc. rock, to; Avil. scalp, ica't, lac. rocking-chair, ite-u, ke, wil. scalp, to; lac. roily, tlokc. scalping knife, lac, kuts. roll, to; lum. scare, to; nte-i, co(l). roller, lum. scent, hima'. roof, ots. scent, to; hima', mun. room, an. scenting, muii. rooster, i-ol, noha'mc, ca. schoolhouse, aii, uxts, yul. root, wll. schooner, ci(l), tu. root, to; mM. scissors, kuts. root beer, a'npats, kakau'. scrape, to; kam. rope, o. scratch, to; kam, tsum. rosary, takine'n. scream, to; ko-i, yok. rose, texlk, tim. screech, to; woe. 176 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

screech owl, tem, woe. shoe, na-u. sea, kakau', tul. shoemaker, a; ka. seal, to; pon, tsipal, yak, yul. shoot, to; pern, pots.

search, to; ifii. shop, an, yik. season, ne. short, m5k. seat, a; ke. should, kan. second, tsik. shoulder, nok, te-u. see!, ki'ka. shove, to; ko(l), ko°, col, t8an(c). see, to; hu. shovel, ne, tarn. seed, ots, co. shrimp, tsam, tuka'-u. seize, to; kon, yal. shucks, wac. self, hat-, nuk. shut, to; pan. sell, to; ylk. sick, he, ctiu. send, to; o-i, ti, wahi, wac. sickness, he. send for, to; ini. side, ino, ku'cnak. sensible, uxts. side (of body), iautall. Serpent Bayou, otse, ta-i. side, on one; inahi, num. set, to; kohits (the sun), ots (a hen). sieve, hll, hop, wol. settle^j to; ke, nul. sift, to; hil. settlings, kitsa'-u. silk, tot. seven, pax. silver, kop, lak. seven hundred, pax. since, kaki, tsika't. seventeen, hal, pax. sinew, nal. seventy, hi'yen, pax, pon. sing, to; yok. severe, hue'. sink, to; kohits. sew, to; cl(l). si&fcer, elder; wet. sewing machine, cl(l). sister (of man), kicet, pen. shade, ack. sister (younger), hile't. shade, to; ack. sister-in-law, ntset. shadow, ack. sit, to; ke, to. shake, to; tsa-i. six, lat, tsik, talst. shallow, nal. sixfold, lat, c6m, tsik. shape, to; itol. sixteen, hal, talst. shaped, nak. sixty, hi'yen, lat, pon, tsik, talst. shark, kam, nok. skiff, tu. sharp, ox. skin, tal, til. sharpen, to; ki'ni. skin, to; lac. shave, to; lac. skip, to; pux. shawl, ok, yul. skunk, ciki'tic, tsinniu. she, ha. sky, it'ha'ns, lak. sheath, ka-u. slander, to; hatse-e'c, ko-i, wan. sheep, an, pon. slanting, talanka'-u. sheep tick, com, tsi'latsk. slap, to; pak. shell, iwa'l, tal, uk. slave, a; ke, ki'wilc. sheriff, an, ko°, lak, ca, ya-u. sleek, kats. shield, pa°ts. sleep, to; oi. shin bone, tsi, tuts. sleet, ha-u, capa'ts. shine, to; lam, tol, yil. sleeve, ok. shingle, nee, pal. slender, pax. shining, lam. slim, pax. ship, niltaks. slipper, na-u. shirt, ka-u, ok. slope, tlot. shirt collar, inte', ok. sloping, talanka'-u. shiver, to (break); tsa(l). slowly, ti'uxts. GATSCHETl swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 177

small, hitso'n, icol, cka, com. speckled, tek. Small Lake, yu'k'hiti. spectacles, hu, wol. smallpox, mak. speech, ko-i, yul. smart, tol, uxts. spider, lam, tamhe'-uc. smiart, to; he, lam, wai. spider web, hil, tamhe'-uc. smell, to; hima', mun. spill, to; tlom. smell badly, to; ic. spine, tsi. smilax, tla'kict. spinster, yuts. smoke, a; po', ci. spirits (of the dead), pix. smoke, to; po'. spit, to; kitu'c. smioke (tobacco), to; tluk. spittle, kitu'c. smokehouse, aii, po'. split, to; pal, tam. smooth., kats. spool, ok, com, tokc. snake, natkoi, otse'. spoon, no. snake, a species of; on. spot, yul. snake, garter; yul. spotted, tsop. sneeze, to; uts. spring (of water), ak, hop, 5. snow, ha-u, ale. spring (of year), ilu', tempst, tut. snow, to; ha-u. spur, ku'cnak, tlop. snowfall, ha-u. spyglass, hu, pel. so, nak, uc. square, kMs, man, tolc, yul.

soak, to; ak, li. squat, to; ke, yots. soap, en. squeal, to; wil. sock, kop, na-u. squeeze, to; pats, tsan(c).

soft, li, tot. squirrel, hop, paktsa'kc, tkigpiim. soften, to; H. squirrel, flying; khilkau. soldier, wan. squirrel, ground; tkigpiim. sole (of foot), hika't. stab, to; man. sole (of shoe), hui, na-u. stable, an, tsanu'k. somebody, ca. stairs, pak, tam. some one, ca. stamp, to; tsal. somersault, a; pats, pux. stand, to; illitt, tsot, ta, to. something, -n&. stand out, to; kam. sometimes, to"unta'fm. standing, tlo. son, i-ol, cka, yuts. star, ic, ka'khau, hitso'n. son-in-law, wi. starling, tsumthimaan. song, yok. start, to; ka, ti. soon, 51. stay, to; ke, to. sorcerer, yon. steal, to; tsan. sore, mU. steam, wa-uc, won. sort of, nak. steamboat, po', tu. soul, CO. step, pak. soul (of the dead), pix. step, to; pak. sound, to; kan, nak, con. stepfather, (hi)te't, pel. soup, hiku'. stepmother, huke't, pel. sour, a'fipats. steps, tam. source, ak, hop, o. stick, nee, tso'm. south, aki, pa'-i. stick into, to; tlop. sow, hi' yen. sticky, luc, tsipal. sow, to; pam. stiff, lak. spade, ne, tarn. still, elaii, ti'uxts. Spaniard, Tsa'yon. still (yet), ik'hu'ntan. speak, to; ko-i, wan. sting, to; i-oil, ca°, tsa (snake). spear, tsa, yapu'x. stingy, ci-u. 178 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. lOS

stink, to; ic. sweat, to; ats. stir, to; iwan. sweep, to; cil(c). stocking, kop, na-u. sweet, ol', cick. stomach, kCp. sweetening, ne, cick, 51'. stone, wai. swell, to; pe-u. stop, to; hanc, pe. swiftly, ti-u. stop (a hole), to; tsak. swim, to; lul, mak. stopper, ka-u. swing, a; pa-u. store, an, yik. swing, to; pa-u. storm (of wind), a; hi. swollen, com. stout, kome. table, itol. straight, ta-i. tail, hal, te-u. strain, to; lak. tail (of fish), kam, nok. strangers, ca, taic. tailor, a; kuts. strap, kaihi, til, ySm. take, to; icul, ko°, yal. straw, tsak. take away, to; koki. strawberry, kin, U. take (medicine), to; a,m. stream, akon(st). talk, to; ko-i. street, ntln, wan. talker, ko-i. stretch, to; kon, man. tall, mets.

strike, to; pak, pam. tallow, gfi.

strike, to (as lightning) ; kon, mak. tar, 6n, nee. string, o. tar, to; mun, col. string of beads, takine'n. tarantula, lam, tamhe'-uc. stripe, yul. team, pom, coko'ii. striped, man, wak, yul. tear, to; ko°, tl6m. strong, hiwe'-u, kome, lak, maghasu. teat, nik. strong (liquids), he. tell, to; wan. stuff, to; ko(l), kui. ten, heissign, w5c. stump, ktlts, nee. tender, li. stupid, co'yuan. tendon, nal. suck, to; ta, tots. terrapin, 5t. suck out, to; ta. testicles, kams. suction, tots. Texas, ne, Tsa'yon. sugar, ne, 51', cick. than, it, ot. sugarcane, ne, 61', cick, tu. thankful, hiwe'-u. sugar mill, li, ne, ol', cick, tu. that, kut, ma, nak, ya. sugar press, li ne, 51', cick, tu. that which, ka. summer, ilu'. thee, n. sun, ic, ka'kha-u, lak, nagg. their, ha. sunbonnet, icat. theirs, ha, ke. Sunday, hiwe'-u, yil. them, ha, ca. sundown, kohits. themselves, ha. sunflower, lak, texlk. then, -5h6, ka-i. sunrise, lye', ka'khau. there, ya. sunset, kohits. therefore, nak, to'hinak. kaihi. suspenders, they, ha, he-u, -ul. |^ ;| swallow, to; ktil. thick, h6ts, kome, tsam, uici. swamp, ai, txut, tu. thief, a; ca, tsa,n. swan, woo. thigh, mal. swap, to; make. thimble, ka-u, woe. swear; to; he-u. thin, pax. sweat, ats. thing, cok. sweatr-house, ats. think, to; nai, wif. gatschet] swantonJ DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 179

third, lat. towel, It, tsak, woe. thirsty, kakau', ka-u, pix. town, niin, ue. thirteen, hal, lat, woe. track, pak. thirty, heissign, lat, woe. trade, to; yik. this, a, kut, nak, ya. tramp, to; pak. thorn, nit. travel, to; ti, wan. thorny, ox. traveler, wan. thou, n. tree, kak, nee. though, kco. tremble, to; tsa-i. thought, nai. triangular, lat uts. thousand (and compounds), hi' yen, trot, to; tsat. iolic, pon, tsako'p. trousers, ke. thread, o, ok, com. trout, katpa'k. thread, to; o. true, uc. three, lat. trunk, teyo'. threefold, lat, pon, c6m. truth, ue. thrice, lat. tub, na-u. throat, inte', ko-i, nal. tube, hop, man, te. throw, to; pak, pam. tumbler, cixt. throw up, to; tan. turbid, tlokc. thumb, woe. turkey, ai, anian, noha'mc, skillig. thunder, ka", kap, Ion, makhasu, ne. turkey buzzard, hi'lan. thunder, to; kon, Ion. turkey, water; ak, ts'ok. thus, nak. turn, to; hat-, lum, mic, pa-i. thyself, n. turn into, to; ko.

tick, nin, tsil. turnip, ick3,'m, wac, wil. tick, sheep; tsi'latsk. turtle, kone', naxts. tick, wood; tsi'latsk. tweezers, tsum. tickle, to; tsikilik. twelve, hal, ha'ppalst, tsik, woe. tide, kakau'. twenty (and compounds), hal, heissign, tie, to; hikon, yam. tsik, woe. tiger, intok. twice, pon, tsik. tiger cat, tek. twig, nee, teka'-uc. till, tik. twins, i-ol, tsik. time, at the same; itol. twist, to; pie. times (with numerals), c6m. two, ha'ppalst, tsik. tired, hilak, p§t. twofold, tsik. to, ot. ugly, ikau, ka'tse. toad, a'kitoc. ulcer, uk. tobacco, tslt. umbrella, ack. tobacco pipe, tslt, tluk. uncle (either side), waxc. to-day, yil. uncooked, il. toe, hika't, tippell. under, hui, ne. toenail, hika't, tsox. underbrush, kome. together, hok-, c6m, tsam, tiwe. undershirt, hui, ok. to-morrow, yil. undulating, kol, yul. tongue, nel. uneasy, to be; anian, icvihe.

to-night, iti'. unfold, to; tel. too, pa-i. United States, mon, ne. tooth, ots. unlike, nak. toothache, he, ots. unripe, ak, ne. top, itse'. until, tik. top of, ots. unwell, tol. toward, ot. up, its-, ots, te-u. 180 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 108

upper, ots, te-u. water turkey, ts'ok. upset, to; tlom. wave, wal. upstream, ot, te-u. wave, to; wal. up to, tik. wavy, kol, tuka'-u, wal, yul. us, ic-, yu. wax, 6n, ok. used, to be; lik. way, "wan. valise, teyo'. we, ic-, -lo, -ts61, wi, yu. veil, to; uts. weak, min. vein, an, poc. weapon, nats. venison, al, lans. weary, hilak. venom, otse', te-i. weave, to; ok. vermilion, kuts, lak, 'n'ox. wedge, nee, tarn. vertically, man, ne. week, a; yil. vertigo, itse', iwan. weep, to; hai, yo-u. very, hiwe'-u, kuc, nak. weevil, tso'-ots, ya. vessel, niltaks. well, tol. vest, m5k, ok. well (adv.), nak. vibrate, to; iwan. well, a; hop, kakau'. view, to; hu. west, hiki'.

village, nun, uc. wet, ak, li.

vine, tsapalst, te-i. wet, to; ak, li, yack. vine, a poisonous; tsat. wheat, wak. vinegar, a'npats, kakau'. wheel, lum, nee, pal. violet color, to, uc. when, -n. violet, to color; uc. where, kahiya', itha'n, ma. violin, nak. wherefore?, cok. visit, to; hu, non, o. whet, to; ki'ni. vomit, to; tan. whetstone, ki'ni, kMs, ce. wagon, nee, pal. whether, n. waistcoat, mok, ok. which, hatna', ka. wait for, to; ya-u. while, a, eikun. wake, to; its. whip, a; pats. walk, to; non, wan. whip, to; pats. walk fast, to; tsat. whirl, to; no, pa-u, wol. wall, wal. whirlwind, hi, no. walnut, black; ots, tsa(l). whisky, kitsa k. walnut, white; yegg. whistle, a; woe. want, to; ko. whistle, to; woe, yok. want, not to; one. white, kop. war, wan. whiten, to; kop. war chief, wan. white of egg, kop, ku. warehouse, yik. white people, ka-u, ki'wilc. warm, ilu'. whittle, to; kuts. warrior, wan. who, ca, ci'ne-u. warpath, waii. whole, man, mon. wash, to; pats, tsak. whooping-cough, i-ofi, ko-i. wasp, i-oii, min. why?, cok. watch, a; iwef, ka'khau. wicked, yol. watch, to; hu, ini, tol, ya-u. wide, uici. watch cover, iwef. widow, hipa', kic. water, ak, kakau'. widower, hila'-i. water, salt; he. wife, hila'-i, kie, nikiil. water moccasin, otse'. wild, anian. GATSCHET SWANTON DICTIONARY OF THE ATAKAPA LANGUAGE 181

wildcat, netswopst, nia'l, cake, tek. world, the; it'ha'ns, ne. wii'lkol. worm, nats. will-o'-the-wisp, kic, yuts. worn out, lik. wind, hi, iit, kafi, pats. wound, to; eaki. windstorm, hi. wrap, to; tokc, yints. wind up, to; tokc. wrathful, i-u(c). window, a; kat, mok, pan. wriggle, to; iwan. window glass, hu. wrist, mak, woe. windpipe, kiim'n. write, to; yul. wine, kakau', kuts. writing, a; yul. wing, hika't, ka-u, nok. yard, kak, tim. winnower, yaxts. ye, n. winter, a'kmalc, allstcumat ye! (imperative), -to. wipe, to; tsak. year, ilu'. wise, lekke'. yeast, a'npats, wak. wish, to; ko. yellow, kop, tat. witch, kic, j'on. yellow fever, la-u, tat. with, ol, -p, tiwe, we. yes, ha. without, ha. yesterday, kut, tem. wizard, yon. yet, ik'hu'ntan, tan. wolf, came, y^lic. yolk, ku, tat. woman, kic, nikiil. yonder, nak, ya. wood, kak, nee. you, n, -t6m. wood (forest), kak. young, hitso'n, ico'l, eec, com. wooden, nee. youngest, hitso'n. wood tick, tsi'latsk. your, n. wool, na-u'. yours, ke. word, ko-i, yul. yourself, n. work, to; ka. youth, a; kun, yuts. o