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The Geology of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes, Louisiana. Gasper G

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The Geology of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes, Louisiana. Gasper G Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1958 The Geology of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes, Louisiana. Gasper G. Varvaro Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Varvaro, Gasper G., "The Geology of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes, Louisiana." (1958). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 505. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/505 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE GEOLOGY OF EVANGELINE AND ST. LANDRY PARISHES, LOUISIANA A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Geology by Gasper G. Varvaro B. S., Louisiana State Uriiversity, 1943 M. S., Louisiana State University, 1949 August, 1951B I ACKNOWLEDGMENT Special appreciation is acknowledged to the Department of Geology, Louisiana State University, and to the Louisiana Geological Survey for suggesting, directing, supplying materials and aid, and presenting this work. Individual appreciation is expressed to Dr. H. V. Howe, Director, School of Geology, Louisiana State University; to Dr. Grover E. Murray, Dr. A. E. Sandberg, and Dr. C. 0. Durham, Jr., faculty of Geology, Louisiana State University; and to Mr. Leo W. Hough, State Geologist, Louisiana Geological Survey, for suggestions, consultations, and directing of the many problems involved. Mr. Gerard 0. Coignet, Geological Engineer, Louisiana Geological Survey, made helpful suggestions on organization and preparation of maps, figures, plates, and tables. Mr. Coignet and Mrs. C. P. Stanfield drafted all maps and illus­ trations. Mr. Robert Bates, Geologist, Louisiana Geological Survey, assisted in the field work in the summer of 1953* He also helped in checking and gathering well information inthe files of the Louisiana Geological Survey. Mr. Homer W. Baugh, Louisiana Department of Highways, supplied highway profiles of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes. Dr. Grover E. Murray and Dr. C. 0. Durham, Jr. checked the field work ii and subsurface interpretations, Mr. Frank Fava, District Manager, Lafayette District, Louisiana State Mineral Board, permitted the use of well logs and other drilling records from that office. Mr. Jadwin E. DeBlanc, Assistant Manager, Lafayette District, and Mr. Burton J. Ducote also assisted in furnishing field data. Mr. Ralph R. Guidroz, former student in geology, Southwestern Louisiana Institute, checked well files and organized well information. Mr. Richard L. Beh, Geologist, Arkansas Fuel Oil Corporation, offered helpful suggestions and information. Mr. James S. Kirkendall, District Geologist, Amerada Petroleum Corpora­ tion, made available company paleontologic files. Mr. Merlin J. Verrett, Geologist, Texas Gulf Producing Company, and Mr. A1 Warren, Geologist, Magnolia Petroleum Company, furnished paleontologic data on key wells. Mr. Fred W. Bates and Mr. Robert R. Copeland furnished well data. Mr. Ray D. Ocamb and Mr. Robert P. Grigg granted per­ mission to use their field map of the Lewisburg field. Mr. James E. Smythe, District Geologist, Pan American Production Company, furnished a map of the Pine Prairie dome. Mr. Howard L. Franques, District Manager, Superior Oil Company, supplied a map of the Bosco field. Mr. Raymond B. Hayes of Marshall R. Young granted permission to use his map of the Port Barre dome. Mr. Rex Meyer, District Geologist, United States Geological Survey, permitted the use of the Survey1s shallow bore hole information. Dr. John E. Cox of the Ceramics Laboratory, Louisiana Geological Survey, made several te^bs on clay samples. Mr. Louis deA. Gimbrede, Department of Geology, Southwestern Louisiana Institute, made all photographs in this report. To all these the writer wishes to express his sincerest thanks and appreciation for making the completion of this report possible. * iv TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE ACKNOWLEDGMENT ..................................... ii ABSTRACT ........ ................................ xv INTRODUCTION...................................... ' 1 Location and Size.......................... 1 Prehistory...................... ......... 3 Early settlement...... *........ 4 Economic geography...................... 5 PHYSIOGRAPHY...................................... 11 General....... 11 Drainage.................................. 12 The Mississippi River Recent alluvial valley.... 14 Topography..................... 15 Drainage..................................... 15 M Premodern Recent Mississippi courses........ 17 Crevasse channels............................ 20 Red River alluviation. .................... 23 Red River alluvial cone ........... 24 Premodern Recent Red River channels......... 25 Chronology of the premodern Recent Red River of the lower alluvial cone.............. 26 The Bayou Cocodrie alluvial valley............. 36 The Lake Chicot alluvial valley............ 3 B v PAGE The Bayou Carron alluvial valley................. 40 The Bayou Carencro alluvial valley ......... J+l Other alluvial deposits......................... 42 The Prairie terrace.............................. 1+3 General. .................. 1+3 Topography.................................... 44 Prairie Red River channels.................. 1+6 Delta flank depression..... ................. 1+ 9 Prairie Mississippi River alluviation....... A9 Drainage...................................... 53 Fluviatile Prairie terrace.................... 55 Bayou Nez pique and Boggy Bayou fluviatile remnants............... 55 Bayou Cocodrie and Turkey Creek Prairie terrace........... 57 Miscellaneous surface features................. 57 Pock marks.................................. 57 Pimple mounds ............................ 64 The Montgomery terrace............ 70 Topography.................................... 70 Drainage...................................... 72 Correlation of the Pleistocene terrace surfaces in Evangeline and St. LandryParishes ....... 73 STRATIGRAPHY.............. 76 Subsurface stratigraphy.......................... 76 General...................................... 76 Eocene Series................................. 81 vi PAGE Sabine Stage ..................... Si Wilcox group.................... SI Claiborne Stage ............. S2 Cane River-Sparta cycle................... S5 Cane River formation.......... S5 Sparta formation. .................... S6 Cook Mountain-Cockfield cycle....... S7 Cook Mountain formation................ S7 Cockfield formation................ 8S Jackson Stage ............... 90 Moodys Branch Marl .................... 92 Yazoo group .......................... 93 Oligocene Series................... ........... 92* Vicksburg Stage.......................... 92* Chickasawhay formation........ 96 Miocene Series............................... 98 Grand Gulf group........ 9B Catahoula formation.................... 99 "Frio” sands.................. 100 Anahuac formation. .................. 101 Lithofacies of the Marginulina and "Frion sands. ................ 102* Upper Catahoula sands.................. 10B Fleming formation...................... 10B Tampa Stage correlation............. 110 Pliocene Series............................... 110 vii PAGE Foley formation. .................. 110 Quaternary System........................... 112 Pleistocene Series.......................... 112 Williana and Bentley formations...... 112 Surface stratigraphy.......................... 113 General..................................... 113 Pleistocene Series........... 114 Montgomery formation................. 115 Prairie formation. ............ 116 Recent Series............................... 120 Outcrops of unknown age..................... 122 "Bayou Chicot" limestone........... 122 STRUCTURE..................... 125 ECONOMIC GEOLOGY................................. 129 Petroleum geology.............................. 129 Duralde field.............. ................. 136 Mamou field.......................... 137 Pine Prairie field.......................... li+0 Reddell field......... 143 Ville Platte field.......................... 147 Bayou Courtableau field..................... 151 Bosco field.......... 153 Cankton field.............. 154 Grand Coteau field.................... 157 Krotz Springs field......................... 15B viii PAGE Lewisburg field*........ 162 Melville field............................. 165 Naka field................................. 16? North Cankton field. ...... 166 Opelousas field............................ 171 Palmetto field........ 17h Port Barre field................ 176 Savoy field................................ 176 Shuteston field............................ 161 Washington field........................... 162*. Surface water............................ 186 Ground water............. I87 Sand and gravel deposits............ 191 Clay.......................................... 192*. BIBLIOGRAPHY........................ 196 ix ILLUSTRATIONS PLATE PAGE 1. Geologic map of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes, Louisiana................. In Back 2. Physiographic features of Evangeline and St. Landry Parishes.
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