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The George Wright Forum NPS & Latino American heritage • Hartzog's legacy ^Watchtj^il waiting or genetic rescue for Isle Royale's wolves? The Phesidio matters • Lessons from the shutdown Selected papers from the 2013 GWS Conference The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 30 number 3 • 2013 Origins Founded in 1980, the George Wright Society is organized for the purposes of promoting the application of knowledge, fostering communication, im­ proving resource management, and providing information to improve public understanding and appreciation of the basic purposes of natural and cultural parks and equivalent reserves. The Society is dedicated to the protection, preservation, and management of cultural and natural parks and reserves through research and education. Mission The George Wright Society advances the scientific and heritage values of parks and protected areas. The Society promotes professional research and resource stewardship across natural and cultural disciplines, provides ave­ nues of communication, and encourages public policies that embrace these values. Our Goal The Society strives to be the premier organization connecting people, places, knowledge, and ideas to foster excellence in natural and cultural re­ source management, research, protection, and interpretation in parks and equivalent reserves. Board of Directors Brent A. Mitchell, President • Newbury, Massachusetts John Waithaka, Vice President • Nepean, Ontario David J. Parsons, Secrektry • Florence, Montana Gary E. Davis, Treasurer • Thousand Oaks, California Nathalie Gagnon • Ottawa, Ontario Barrett Kennedy • Baton Rouge, Louisiana Jerry M. Mitchell • Littleton, Colorado FrankJ. Priznar • Laytonsville, Maryland Ryan Sharp • Richmond, Kentucky Jan W. van Wagtendonk • El Portal, California Lynn Wilson • Cobble Hill, British Columbia Graduate Student Liaison to the Board Matthew Browning • Blacksburg, Virginia Executive Office David Harmon, Executive Director / Co-editor, The George Wright Forum Emily Dekker-Fiala, Conference Coordinator Rebecca Conard, Co-editor, 77m George Wright Forum P. O. Box 65 • Hancock, Michigan 49930-0065 USA 1-906-487-9722 • [email protected] • www.georgewright.org © 2013 The George Wright Society. All rights reserved. (No copyright is claimed for previously published material reprinted herein.) ISSN 0732-4715. Editorial and manuscript submission guidelines may be found at www.georgewright.org/forum. Text paper is made of 50% recycled fibers. Printed by Book Concern Printers, Hancock, Michigan. The George Wright Society is a member of US/ICOMOS (International Council on Monuments and Sites—U.S. Committee) and IUCN, the Inter­ national Union for Conservation of Nature. The George Wright Forum The GWS Journal of Parks, Protected Areas & Cultural Sites volume 30 number 3 • 2013 Society News, Notes & Mail • 215 The National Park Service Centennial Essay Series An Enlightened Beginning: The National Park Service and the American Latino Heritage Joseph P. Sánchez and Angelica Sánchez-Clark • 217 Letter from Woodstock The Presidio Matters Rolf Diamant • 225 The Heart of the Matter: New essential reading on parks, protected areas, and cultural sites Revolutionary Parks: Conservation, Social Justice, and Mexico’s National Parks, 1910–1940, by Emily Wakild Reviewed by Nelly Robles García • 230 Last of His Kind? Some Reflections on the Career and Legacy of George P. Hartzog, Jr. Laura J. Feller • 233 Six Shutdown Lessons for the National Park Service and its Supporters David Harmon • 238 Selected Papers from the 2013 George Wright Society Conference Tort Liability in National Parks and How NPS Tracks, Manages, and Responds to Tortious Incidents Scott Breen • 247 Proposing New Barrens National Natural Landmarks Mary C. Brickle, Todd R. Lookingbill, and Katharina A.M. Engelhardt • 253 Expanding Parks and Reducing Human Numbers: A Superior Alternative to Embracing the Anthropocene Era Philip Cafaro • 261 Can Organizations Learn? Exploring a Shift from Conflict to Collaboration Nelly Robles Garcia and Jack Corbett • 267 Spiritual Outcomes of Park Experience: A Synthesis of Recent Social Science Research Paul Heintzman • 273 The George Wright Forum • vol. 30 no. 3 (2013) • 213 Selected Papers from the 2013 George Wright Society Conference (cont’d) Protecting Historical Heritage: The Commemorative Integrity Evaluation Program at Parks Canada’s National Historic Sites Patricia E. Kell • 280 Co-managing Parks with Aboriginal Communities: Improving Outcomes for Conservation and Cultural Heritage Greg Leaman • 287 Dissecting Credibility: Components of Credibility for Science/Resource Management Professionals Jerry M. Mitchell, Christie Anastasia, Ben Bobowski, and Giselle Mora-Bourgeois • 295 Establishing the Science Foundation to Sustain High-Elevation, Five-Needle Pine Forests Threatened by Novel Interacting Stresses in Four Western National Parks A.W. Schoettle, J. Connor, J. Mack, P. Pineda Bovin, J. Beck, G.M. Baker, R.A. Sniezko, and K.S. Burns • 302 Two More Views on the Future of Wolves at Isle Royale National Park Island Complications: Should We Retain Wolves on Isle Royale? Tim Cochrane • 313 The Case for Watchful Waiting with Isle Royale’s Wolf Population L. David Mech • 326 Discernment and Precaution: A Response to Cochrane and Mech John A. Vucetich, Rolf O. Peterson, and Michael P. Nelson • 333 On the cover: A wolf investigates the remains of a bull moose in Isle Royale National Park. The debate continues in this issue over what to do, if anything, about the park’s precarious wolf popula- tion. Photo courtesy of Rolf O. Peterson. 214 • The George Wright Forum • vol. 30 no. 3 (2013) Society News, Notes & Mail Lane-Kamahele, Spence appointed to Board; Gagnon reappointed At its annual meeting, the GWS Board of Directors appointed Melia Lane-Kamahele of the US National Park Service and Chris Spence to three-year terms, succeeding John Waithaka and Brent Mitchell, who are reaching the end of their second and final terms. Lane-Kama- hele is manager of NPS’s Pacific Islands Office, and her appointment marks the return of active-duty NPS employees to the GWS Board in the wake of the decision earlier this year allowing US federal employees to serve in such capacities. Spence, the director of the Insti- tute at the Golden Gate, located in San Francisco, has a background with several nongovern- mental organizations as well as in journalism. In another move, the Board appointed Nathalie Gagnon to a one-year extension of her term. Gagnon is senior analyst and lead specialist for Aboriginal Engagement with Parks Canada. Alan Hogenauer, inveterate park traveler and documenter of the defunct, dies at 71 Alan K. Hogenauer, the only person known to have visited every US and Canadian national park system unit as well as all of the delisted units of the two systems, died in June. He was a professor of business administration at Loyola Marymount University, and had recently com- pleted visiting the newest national monuments proclaimed by President Obama, thus keep- ing his record intact. While other people have visited all of the active national park units or performed such comparable feats of systematic travel (reputedly, the historian Robin Winks had, before his death, not only visited every park unit but every visitor center within those units—and read every interpretive panel), Hogenauer’s unique contribution to park histo- ry was to have tracked down all of the places that were once part of the US and Canadian national park system but which were later cut out. He published his findings in two papers in The George Wright Forum, “Gone, But Not Forgotten: The Delisted Units of the U.S. National Park System” (1991) and an update later that year (available at www.georgewright. org/074hogenauer.pdf and /083hogenauer.pdf). The effort required to not only document but personally visit each of these places, some of them quite obscure, was immense. System- atic travel was Hogenauer’s passion: at his death, he was ranked as the 17th most-traveled person in the world, having gone to over 300 countries and territories and logged over 2.2 million air miles. His travels are documented on his personal website, www.cheklist.com. New website aims at comprehensive coverage of National Park Service history Harry Butowsky, a long-time GWS member and retired National Park Service historian, has launched a new website that aims to be the most extensive repository of material related to the agency’s history. While still working for NPS, Butowsky developed an official website that contained thousands of such documents. From now on he will be updating and adding to the trove through a new website, NPShistory.com. Butowsky says, “The site is for those who are passionate about America’s national parks and for the employees of the National Park Service. Our goal is to offer a window into the historical richness of the national park system and the opportunities it presents for understanding who we are, where we have been, and how we as a society might approach the future. This collection of special places also allows us The George Wright Forum • vol. 30 no. 3 (2013) • 215 to examine our past—the contested along with the comfortable, the complex along with the simple, the controversial along with the inspirational. We hope, in addition, that these pages will contribute to a national discussion of history and natural resources of our parks and their importance to contemporary society. We welcome your input on how we can better deliver that message
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