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Felling The trees are cut Key information down and the roots and branches What is paper and how is it made? removed. This is a web like material that is made from small fibres that are held together by the fibres interlocking due to the roughness. These fibres Debarking come from extracted from wood. This can come from either Tree bark cannot be coniferous or deciduous trees. Additives can be added to change the used in colour and texture of the paper. To make paper wood Debarked and where rotating drums spin tree trunks, rubbing them together and must be removed. removing the bark. The trunks are then made into chips before they Rotating drums spin are soaked in water and chemicals to create the . This is poured tree trunks, rubbing over a net which gets rid of the water and allows the 1mm fibres to them together and link together naturally. This is squeezed to allow any left over water to removing the bark. be removed. This is now an industrial process and I billion trees are cut down to produce paper every year. Chipping A large rotating Size of paper and board knife cuts the logs You have lots of different size and these are started with an A. into small pieces These are A0 (largest) to A5 (smallest). Papers are also managed by known as chips. weight which is measured in grams per metre square. Any thing above 200gsm is classed as board not paper. Pulping What is board? Pulping separates Board is related to a wide variety of paper based materials. These the cellulose fibres include , board, mounting board and corrugated from the (a board. These are all made from layers of pulp and are thicker than sticky like paper. Also very thick boards are made by laminating sheets together substance that binds the fibres together) by sticking them together. rubbing them together and Types of paper and board and their uses removing the bark. Layout and These translucent papers are used in the early stages of designing as Bleaching they are used over the top of designs Bleach is used to Cartridge paper remove the lignin This is a lightly textured paper that has a pale cream colour. It and has and natural brown a weight of 100 to 135gms and is used for sketching and . This colour from the has a good quality surface and is good for use with paints and other paper. The waste media bleach is bad for Grid paper the environment. This can have different grids printed and often help with different drawing techniques. This includes graph and isometric paper. Bleed proof Smooth paper that it often used with water and spirit based markers so that the ink doesn’t bleed Solid white board Fourdrinier Made of wood pulp that has been bleached. Also it is string and of A solution of 1% and 99% high quality. Good for on. water is prepared. As the water drains Duplex board off, the paper starts to form a web. This made of pure wood pulp with a white liner on each side and is The paper is squeezed between rollers used in food packaging. removing more water. The solution is Foil lined board dried by giant heaters. A coating Is also used in food packaging but it is laminated with aluminium. known as ‘size’ is applied to make the Good for insulating of heat and used in take away packaging paper stronger and smoother. The Corrugated board paper is dried again. This has 3 layers 2 of linerboard and corrugated wavy line in the middle. This is used for large and it is strong without too much weight. It is available in different thicknesses . Used for packaging.