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Prison Service Journal Is a Peer Reviewed Journal Published by HM Prison Service of England and Wales

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Prison Service Journal Is a Peer Reviewed Journal Published by HM Prison Service of England and Wales PPRISONRISON SSEERRVICEVICE JOURPRISON SERVICE NAL JOURNAALL May 2018 No 237 Special Edition 50 Years of the Parole System for England and Wales ­ Contents 2 Editorial Comment Purpose and editorial arrangements Anisha Gadhia is Head of Parole 4 Our Parole Hearing Board Member Development and Practice. William Aslan is a Anisha Gadhia and William Aslan The Prison Service Journal is a peer reviewed journal published by HM Prison Service of England and Wales. communications officer at the Parole Board. Its purpose is to promote discussion on issues related to the work of the Prison Service, the wider criminal justice system and associated fields. It aims to present reliable information and a range of views about these issues. The editor is responsible for the style and content of each edition, and for managing production and the Journal’s budget. The editor is supported by an editorial board — a body of volunteers all of whom have worked for the Prison Service in various capacities. The editorial board considers all articles submitted and decides the out - David J Cox is a reader in Criminal 10 Development of early release mechanisms in the Justice at the University of line and composition of each edition, although the editor retains an over-riding discretion in deciding which arti - Wolverhampton. Dr Helen Johnston Victorian convict prison system, 1853-1895 is a reader in Criminology at the cles are published and their precise length and language. University of Hull. Dr Helen Johnston and Dr David Cox From May 2011 each edition is available electronically from the website of the Centre for Crime and Justice Studies. This is available at http://www.crimeandjustice.org.uk/psj.html Dr Thomas Guiney is a visiting 14 An Idea Whose Time Had Come? The Creation of a fellow at the Mannheim Centre for Criminology, the London School of Modern System of Parole in England and Wales, Circulation of editions and submission of articles Economics and Political Science. 1960-1968 Dr Thomas Guiney Six editions of the Journal, printed at HMP Leyhill, are published each year with a circulation of approximately 6,500 per edition. The editor welcomes articles which should be up to c.4,000 words and submitted by email to [email protected] or as hard copy and on disk to Prison Service Journal , c/o Print Shop Manager, HMP Leyhill, Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire, GL12 8HL. All other correspondence may also be sent to the Dr Roy King is Professor Emeritus, 18 Decisions, decisions, decisions: reflections on 50 Wales: Honorary Research Fellow, Editor at this address or to [email protected] . Cambridge Institute of Criminology. years of parole Dr Roy D King Footnotes are preferred to endnotes, which must be kept to a minimum. All articles are subject to peer review and may be altered in accordance with house style. No payments are made for articles. Nicola Padfield is Professor of 22 Observational research into oral hearings: 1999 and Subscriptions Criminal and Penal Justice, University of Cambridge and Master of 2017 compared Fitzwilliam College, Cambridge. Nicola Padfield The Journal is distributed to every Prison Service establishment in England and Wales. Individual members of staff need not subscribe and can obtain free copies from their establishment. Subscriptions are invited from other individuals and bodies outside the Prison Service at the following rates, which include postage: United Kingdom Paul Addicott Editorial Board for the special edition Monica Lloyd single copy £7.00 HMPPS Professor Nick Hardwick University of Birmingham Dr Ruth Armstrong Guest Editor and Professor in Criminal Justice Royal Holloway Univerisity Dr Amy Ludlow University of Cambridge Faith Geary University of Cambridge one year’s subscription £40.00 (organisations or individuals in their professional capacity) Dr Rachel Bell Director of Business Development and Improvement for England and Wales Professor Anne-Marie McAlinden HMP Wandsworth Professor Nicola Padfield Queen’s University, Belfast £35.00 (private individuals) Alli Black Master of Fitzwilliam College, University of Cambridge Dr Ruth Mann HMPPS Drake Hall Joanne Lackenby HMPPS Maggie Bolger Psychologist Parole Board Member for England and Wales and Senior William Payne Prison Service College, Newbold Revel Lecturer at Coventry University Independent Overseas Professor Alyson Brown Dr Jamie Bennett George Pugh Edge Hill University Editor of The Prison Service Journal HMP Belmarsh single copy £10.00 Gareth Evans Dr David Scott Independent Steve Hall Open University one year’s subscription £50.00 (organisations or individuals in their professional capacity) Dr Ben Crewe Independent Christopher Stacey Professor Yvonne Jewkes £40.00 (private individuals) University of Cambridge University of Kent Unlock Dr Sacha Darke Dr Helen Johnston Ray Taylor University of Westminster University of Hull HMPPS Dr Michael Fiddler Dr Bill Davies Mike Wheatley University of Greenwich Leeds Beckett University HMPPS Orders for subscriptions (and back copies which are charged at the single copy rate) should be sent with a Dr Kate Gooch Martin Kettle Kim Workman University of Leicester Church of England Rethinking Crime and Punishment, NZ cheque made payable to ‘HM Prison Service’ to Prison Service Journal , c/o Print Shop Manager, HMP Leyhill, Chris Gunderson Dr Victoria Knight Adrian Rowbottom and Steve Williams HMPPS De Montfort University HMP Leyhill Wotton-under-Edge, Gloucestershire, GL12 8BT. Prison Service Journal Issue 237 Issue 237 Prison Service Journal May 2018 26 To Release or not to Release? A study of Parole Sue Power is in an independent Parole Board Member for England and Board decision-making at paper hearings for Wales. She has just completed a recalled determinate sentence prisoners masters in Applied Criminology at Cambridge University. Sue Power 32 To Parole or Not to Parole? How do Parole Board Joanne Lackenby is a British Psychological Society chartered and Members make decisions about Parole? Health Care Professions Council Joanne Lackenby registered forensic psychologist. She is also a Parole Board Member. The role of psychological risk assessment in Jo Shingler is a Chartered 36 Psychologist and Registered Forensic Parole Board decision-making: an exploration of Psychologist. She is a Consultant Forensic Psychologist, as well as the perspectives of psychologists, indeterminate studying for a PhD at the University of sentenced prisoners and Parole Board members Portsmouth. Dr Adrian Needs has a background as a qualified practitioner Jo Shingler and Dr Adrian Needs in forensic psychology (including in HM Prison Service) and currently runs the MSc Forensic Psychology at the University of Portsmouth. 41 Parole for children and young adults Laura Janes is a solicitor and holds a professional doctorate in Youth Justice. Dr Laura Janes Laura is Legal Director at the Howard League for Penal Reform. 46 Does Preparing for Parole Help Prepare for Life? Scott Martin served 16 years in custody as a life sentenced prisoner Scott Martin working to understand his offending past and build a future. He has been through the Parole System. 50 Parole – 50 Years and Counting Nick Hardwick is Professor in Criminal Justice at the School of Law, Royal Professor Nick Hardwick Holloway University London. He was Chair of the Parole Board for England and Wales from 2016 –March 2018. Book Review Georgina Rowse is a member of the 54 Parole Board. On the Parole Board: Reflections on Crime, Punishment, Redemption and Justice All artwork courtesy of the Koestler Georgina Rowse Trust The Editorial Board wishes to make clear that the views expressed by contributors are their own and do not necessarily reflect the official views or policies of the Prison Service. Printed at HMP Leyhill on 115 gsm and 200 gsm Galerie Art Satin Set in 10 on 13 pt Frutiger Light Circulation approx 6,000 ISSN 0300-3558 „ Crown Copyright 2018 Issue 237 Prison Service Journal 1 Editorial Comment Planning this edition of the Prison Service oral hearings today; a ‘multi faceted process (with) a Journal to mark the 50th anniversary of the lot of parts played out.’ creation of the Parole Board began back in April Dr Helen Johnson and Dr David Cox [p.10] 2017 and set out to discuss the 50 year history of describe the origins of the Parole System in the the Parole Board and contemporary practice. Victorian system of prison licencing and their A year later, just before the edition went to press, description of the tensions between rehabilitation, the the fallout from the successful judicial review 1 of the need to address prison overcrowding and popular Parole Board's decision to release John Worboys (now demands for harsher punishment will be familiar to known as John Radford) in January 2018 and the readers today and perhaps serve to dampen legality of Rule 25 of the Parole Board Rules 2 which suggestions that current controversies are a new prevented the Board from saying anything about its phenomenon. Dr Thomas Guiney describes [p.14] the decisions, handed down on 28 March 2018, cast debates that surrounded the creation of the modern uncertainty over the Board’s future and led to the Parole Board and argues that despite the compromises resignation of Professor Hardwick as Chair of the and shortcomings that attended its creation, the Parole Board on 27 March 2018. original 'rehabilitative ideal' it encapsulated is worth We are grateful to Professor Hardwick who was revisiting today. Guest Editor for this edition and for his reflections on Over the years the powers and status of the Board the articles in the journal and their relevance to recent has grown from the ‘small, advisory committee’ events, which are represented as part of this described by Guiney — largely in response to successive comment. judicial reviews enforcing the requirements of the The High Court in their judicial review decision on European Convention on Human Rights.
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