“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census”
American University in Kosovo
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census”
Mentor Candidate
Brian Bowen, PhD Shpend Thaqi
20 March 2013
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“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census”
Table of Contents
Acknowledgments…………………………………………………………………………4 Executive Summary ...... 5 CHAPTER 1 - Introduction ...... 8 CHAPTER 2 - Methodology ...... Error! Bookmark not defined. CHAPTER 3 - Census History ...... 19 CHAPTER 4 - Role and importance of the Census ...... 23 4.1. Importance of the census ...... 23 4.2. Conference of European Statisticians for member states of CES ...... 24 4.3. Demand for census in Kosovo ...... 34 CHAPTER 5- Legal aspect of the census in Kosovo and organization structure ...... 37 5.1 Census law, households and dwellings ...... 37 5.2 Legal aspect until the determination of the census date, households and dwelling ...... 37 5.3 Organization Structure and responsibilities for census ...... 39 5.3.1 Personnel, organization and supervision of the process ...... 40 CHAPTER 6 - Steps and preparations toward the census 2011 ...... 42 6.1 Census Test ...... 44 6.2. Preparation of main documents ...... 45 6.3 Campaign and Media campaign ...... 62 6.4 Codification,processing, analysis, tabling, delivering data…………………….59 CHAPTER 7 – Completion of the Population Census (the field- data collection) ...... 61 7.1 Preliminary Results ...... 61 7.2 Completion of the 2011 census ...... 61 7.3 Announcement of the Census results 2011 ...... 62 7.4 Participation of the Serbian community in the census in 2011……………….65
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CHAPTER 8 - Evaluation of the project and data comparison with other registration and statistical facts ...... 66 CHAPTER 9 – Process evaluation of the population registration ...... 69 9.1 Focus on municipality - Questionnaire after the registration....……...….….70 9.2 Case study in the Municipality of Prishtina………………………………….73 9.3 Increase and reduction of population number in the Municipality of Prishtina according to certain period and administrative territorial changes……..80 CHAPTER 10 - Discussion………………………...……………………………………85 References ...... 877
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am deeply indebted to Dr. Brian Bowen. I would like to express my gratitude to my Mentor, for the useful comments, good advice, remarks, guidance, encouragement, and engagement through the learning process of this master thesis. This thesis is a much better work, thanks to his supervision.
Special thanks to Dr. Rifat Blaku for graciously lending his time and expertise in content, analysis and critical theory. I would also like to thank Mr. Agim Zuzaku for agreeing to be on my thesis committee despite his extremely busy schedule. My thanks must also go to Mr. Sabri Zabergja, who, in spite of having practically no spare time, still managed to find time to provide help and advice. It would have been very hard for one to find a more energetic and enthusiastic committee. I am truly grateful for the opportunity to have had such a dynamic and capable thesis committee.
I would like to thank my loved ones, who have supported me throughout entire process, both by keeping me harmonious and helping me putting pieces together. I will be grateful forever for your love. I would like to thank the participants in my survey, who have willingly shared their precious time during the process of interviewing. I would like to express my deepest appreciation to all my friends who provided me the possibility to complete the survey.
Last but not least, I would like to thank my family; my wife Hana, my mother Ilmije, my father Nazmi and my brother Dren. Each of you have share in this accomplishment. Without your support it would not have been possible.
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Executive Summary
Registration as a statistical operation, reveals the real situation of the population in a certain time and serves as a base to conduct further demographic assessments by using the data on natural increment and migration balance1. A Census is real picture of the territory of a country expressing the real situation over everything that deals with numbers and statistics of a country.
In 2011, from the date 1-30th of April, Kosovo realized its first census, family economies and dwellings after 20 years. After the independence of Republic of Kosovo in 2008, the census was considered to have been the most important event and the most serious project of Kosovo institutions toward international obligations. The Kosovo Census has been a long journey toward its realization. Preparations for this registration started in 2003 and ended in year 2011. After the realization of the population census, many debates were initiated regarding its success and if the process had failed in different cities of Kosovo. The most contested issue was the case with Municipality of Prishtina, where the number of registered inhabitants was lower than expected, and as a result, it was questioned by the expert expectations for demography.
The term “Resident” was also discussed often together with the issue for the North Mitrovica and other places populated by the Serb community. Before three decades, Kosovo, has realized the first population census and census of households, on April 2011. The registration provided valuable statistical information for the population and welfare condition, information that lead the policy planning’s during the following decade. From the year 2005, registration activities were monitored continuously from an International Monitoring Operation (IMO), consisting of European Union (EUROSTAT), European Council, UNECE and UNSD and known international experts for registration. The IMO objective was to ensure that the registration is in accordance with the
1 “Demographic Changes of the Population in Kosovo for the period 1948 – 2006”, Statistical office in Kosovo (SOK), February 2008, Prishtina Page 5 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” international recommendations of registration approved by the United Nation and this objective was fulfilled correctly..
In October 2010, IMO has assessed the registration activities to make them in consistence with the international recommendations and approved the goal of authorities to conduct registration from 1-15 April 2011.IMO had the chance to monitor closely the data collection process in order to supervise the international standards for data protection and their confidentiality. The general assessment of IMO was that the registration was implemented in a satisfied level and that it fulfils all the transparent professional terms for quality and indifference. However, there were limits since only 34 out of 38 registration zones were covered and there were partly boycott signs among minorities in few zones.
During the population census there were many discourses regarding the Emigrants whom were not included in the registration process directly, but, they were only included in supplementary lists. Based on the research, many emigrants were not informed well. Some of them thought that they will lose their nationality or the participation on the elections. With the population census you do not loose either the right to vote or the nationality. However, with the population census you don’t win them either. There were many doubts in the population census if they should declare or not the land possession and wealth in real estate, thinking that if their land is registered they will be taxed.
In the European Statistician Conference on 2006, the principles for population censuses are defined in order to avoid overlapping of population number worldwide. If an emigrant lives, acts and works in another country for more than 12 months he/she should be registered in that country, since this country should plan for them since they live there. In addition, if the emigrant is registered in the place where he/she lives and works in the origin country than we have dulcification in population number worldwide.
Many high officials and experts declared that the number of the population in the municipality of Prishtina was higher than what the census claimed. Based on the research Page 6 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” done using different sources, this study concludes that the data resulted from the registration are accurate and reliable, and already approved by international organizations such as EUROSTAT.
Based on the survey that took place in Prishtina, and included 500 responders, shortly we can say that: The number of the population of Prishtina is accurate and reliable since a big percentage of citizens come to Prishtina for education or work purposes only.
As we can see from the graphs below, we have daily, weekly or monthly migrations, in Prishtina.
There are 42.8 % that are registered and live in Prishtina, and we have 61.9% that say they live in Prishtina, and are registered in their hometowns. This gives us an error, which means that we have 19.1% more people living in Prishtina in weekly or monthly bases. If we have 198,897 registered residents in Prishtina according to 2011 Kosovo Census, than we have approximately 37,989 more people that say they live here, and are not registered here.
More of this survey and study we will discuss in the upcoming chapters.
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CHAPTER 1: Introduction
Within this paper, an overview is given of all the censuses in Kosovo, latest registration and evident literature will be researched within Kosovo statistics and provide facts for our thesis over the census in Kosovo on 2011 if it has failed, which are the disadvantages and the possibility of using the results from this registration.
Main Objective– of this research is to argument the advantages and disadvantages of the Census of Kosovo for the year 2011 and provide our arguments if it has failed or not. Therefore, by assessing the census project we will conduct research based on the literature and basic sources, disadvantages and facts over the factual condition of the credibility of the data from the census.
Research Subject- Taking into consideration the above mentioned objective, the main subject of the research will be, the experiences of different countries in this matter and the research of international and domestic literature. This approach imposes the need on gathering data, selection, processing and scientific interpretation in the functioning dimensions, as a scientific research project expressing the qualitative analysis for the gathered material in trend with the research subject and diversity (variety) in circumstances that have been implemented in the latest census cycle.
The main subject of this research will be the 2011 Kosovo census assessment, where as a studying field will be taken the three laws related with the census, European Commission Regulation 763/2008 of the European Parliament and the regulation of the council on the date 9th of July 2008 regarding Census and Households (text with EEA relevance), results of the registration population from the years 1921, 1931, 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, 1981, 1991 and the latest one conducted on 2011, and by the laws that regulate this field.
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Research subject of the proposed Subject interacts with the two fields that are related with each other:: 1. Census and 2. General results Assessments of the census of Kosovo 2011.
The results of this paper-are the comparisons
Within this paper we have realized a research on the public opinion in the municipality of Prishtina, with a sample of 500 responders.
The purpose of this research was to evaluate the data resulting from the census on year 2011, with a special focus in the data resulting from the municipality of Prishtina since many of the experts dealing with statistics have contested the census results for the municipality of Prishtina.
The size of the sample mainly was set based on the specific objective of the research project which usually includes 1000-2000 responders selected randomly, and in special cases when we have different smaller localities i.e. in a city you include up to 500 responders. The standard error of the research in general is ±3%. The results are weighted minimally, in order to regulate the variations in the sample depending on the municipality size (i.e. Prishtina), age, gender or other intended research specifics. For the majority of the research projects the familiar technique known as a simple random sample or random stratified sample is enough.
Credibility interval in this research is around 3%. This means that with the credibility interval of 3%, if the respondent have chosen the same answer on 69% scale, than we can be “confident” that if we ask the entire population we will get an answer in the interval between 66% (69-3) and 72% (69+3).
The credibility scale shows how confident we can be in our results. It is expressed with percentage, and shows how often the real population percentage would choose an answer, which is between the credibility interval. Majority of the researches use the credibility scale of 95%. Page 9 of 88
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If we take the credibility of 3% and the credibility interval of 95% we can conclude that we are sure 95% that the real answer percentage of the population is between 66% and 72%. As wider is the credibility interval the results are more accepted, and more accrued that the entire population lies within this interval. In many existing methods for conducting questionnaires, we have used the questionnaire/interviews face to face method.
The respondent selection has been done randomly, by giving the instructions in advance to the researchers on the field for the most populated places on municipality of Prishtina. The places where the research has been conducted was: Mother Theresa square, Dardania, in front of the Youth Palace (NEW BORN), street Agim Ramadani and in other parts of the neighborhoods including all the neighborhoods of Prishtina. From the total of 500 questionnaires we have realized 488 questionnaires, while 12 have refused or stopped answering in the middle of the process.
All the refusals are written at the end of the report and are attached the answering scale/acceptable answer which are calculated with the formula:
(CONDUCTED QUESTIONNAIRES)X100
R = ______.
(REFUSALS + UNFINISHED QUESTIONNAIRE/STOOPED DURING THE PROCESS + FINISHED
QUESTIONNAIRES) R= 488 x 100 =48800/500=97,6% Which means that the credibility of this research is 97.6%.
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Research Findings
City where you live Count % Deçan 9 1.8% Ferizaj 18 3.7% Fushë Kosovë 17 3.5% Gjakovë 2 0.4% Gjilan 11 2.3% Gllogoc 30 6.1% Kamenicë 12 2.5% Klinë 20 4.1% Lipjan 9 1.8% Malishevë 3 0.6% Mitrovicë 15 3.1% Obiliq 11 2.3% Pejë 18 3.7% Podujevë 41 8.4% Prishtinë 209 42.8% Prizren 31 6.4% Rahovec 2 0.4% Skenderaj 11 2.3% Suharekë 7 1.4% Vushtrri 12 2.5% Total 488 100.0% Table1.1 City where you live In the table 1.1 are expressed all the respondents in Prishtina which live in different cities, 42.8% of the respondents declared that they live in Prishtina.
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Figure 1.1 City where the respondents live
From the figure 1.1 we can see that half of the respondents live outside Prishtina or concretely 57.2% of the respondents.
Figure 1.2 City where the respondents live currently In figure 1.2 we can also see that 62% live (outside) of Prishtina municipality, while 38% live in other Kosovo cities.
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Number of the Family members
Number of the family members Count % 2 Members 6 1.2% 3 Members 111 22.7% 4 Members 129 26.4% 5 Members 103 21.1% 6 Members 68 13.9% 7 Members 34 7.0% 8 Members 26 5.3% 9 Members 7 1.4% 10 Members 4 0.8% Total 488 100.0% Tab. 1.2 Number of family members In the table 1.2, it is expressed the number of family members of the respondents. From this table we can see that the number 3-6 of the family members dominated in Kosovo.
Figure 1.3 Number of family members
As it can be seen in the figure 1.3, the 4 member families dominate with 26.4%, than we have 3 member families with 22.7%, followed by the 5 member families with 21.1%.
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Figure 1.4 Participation in the census 2011
The respondents in the municipality of Prishtina moreover 96.1% of them declared that they have participated in the census process; while 3.9% have not taken part at all in the registration conducted on year 2011.
Figure 1.5 Place where they are registered during the census done on 2011 Over half of the respondents, 51.2% in the municipality of Prishtina, during the census process are registered outside of Prishtina, in the localities where they live.
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Figure 1.6 Reasons for not participating in registration process
From 3.9% of the respondents that have not taken part in the registration process on 2011, 42.1% of them declared that they were not at home, while 26.3% did not participate because of other reasons and that nobody visited them for questioning.
From this research we can see that in the Municipality of Prishtina during the day frequent many citizens that work or study in Prishtina while during the weekends, they go in their cities where they come from. This has resulted with the small number of Prishtina inhabitants during the census process conducted on 2011, compared to what was expected and considered.
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Thesis of this study is the assessment of the census in Kosovo realized on 2011 and the credibility of the resulted data. This study can sum to two main factors of this objective, the general results resulting from the latest registration and the research realized for this study.
Main Hypothesis of this paper is that data resulting from the population registration conducted on 2011 are credible and can be used from all the actors dealing with the planning field in general and with the nature of statistical data.
Supportive Hypothesis 1 – The census, households and dwellings has been accepted by EUROSTAT-i.
Supportive Hypothesis 2 – All the native institutions and international ones, until now have used un confirmed official data, while now they have the chance to use the data resulting from this registration. Moreover, this paper will argument the data accuracy.
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CHAPTER 2 - Methodology
Methods and techniques of the research – This research has technical-empiric character. Theoretical part contains synthesized information, where the general theories and alternatives of the wider specter can be compared between each other and be evaluated, by using arguments from the literature and by linking research results. However, the empiric part will be formed in the belonging empiric analysis. This is based only in the experience and past experience and conclusions will be driven, judgments for the resulting data from the census; with this we collect scientific data, based on which the verification is done for true statements and scientific legality. This analysis consists of collection, selection, processing of belonging statistical true statement. Moreover, as a main instrument for collecting data is the mean through questionnaire with Prishtina citizens..
In addition, it is considered that an important task for processing is the correct determination of the research methods. For the research, the method of analyzing contents from the relevant literature, historical method and the comparison method, will be used:
Method for content analysis – Within this method, the belonging method will be applied – comparison method for the information and results that will be achieved after the research and content analysis, then also the generalization of the results from the analysis. Content Analysis for enlightening the content of the problem studied will not be done only with a simple description, but it will be presented as a research results of the causal/due-result/ linkage regarding the issue.
Historical Method – One of the main basic purposes of the research is among others also the services with experiences from other countries related to the issue and earlier registrations, therefore we will be using also the historical method of the research. Through this method we will research the historical developments of the census. This will Page 17 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” be achieved through the collection of the historical data related to the problem, through the relevant literature.
Comparison Methods – Comparison method will have an important role since through this method the eventual similarities and differences will be researched, from the achieved results from different studies for this subject. Therefore, the comparison of the studies and the achieved results in the developed countries and the ones in transition phase.
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CHAPTER 3 - Census History
One of the first countries in the world in the ancient time, that realized census is Egypt. This has been evidenced by old manuscripts in papyrus, ancient monuments in temples of the Pharaoh, where evidences of the first registration in Egypt were found, registration which was done on the year 3340 B.C. and on 3050 B.C., this epoch of the pre-modern census. Moreover, in this pre-modern period participate also the census of the Islamic epoch that have been realized in the year 600 A.D. Napoleon epoch dates from the year 1798 where the population of Egypt after the Napoleon conquest was estimated to be around 3 million inhabitants; while the epoch of Muhammad Ali, is considered as the latest epoch of the pre-modern census which was realized on the year 18482. Modern registration period is considered to have started on the year 1882, that has been held on Egypt. This modern period can be called until the year 2006 when the concept of census changes completely in Economic Commission for Europe and Statistical Office of the European Communities, Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing3.
Census in Yugoslavia
As it is known Kosovo has been part of former Yugoslavia and at that time separation of the territory changed whenever the census was conducted. Therefore, in the first and second registration on 1921-1931 the area of Yugoslavia was 247.542 km.
Entire census in Kosovo date from the years 1921. Registrations of the years 1921 and 1931 did not collect information for entities and their structure, but offered information for the entire number of the population and religion. Ethnic structure of the population for the first time was realized in the registration conducted on 1948. The answer on the
2 Cuno, Kenneth M., and Reimer, Michael J. (1997). The Census Registers of Nineteenth-Century Egypt: A New Source for Social Historians. Taylor & Francis, Ltd. pp. 193–216. JSTOR 195772 3 United Nations (New York and Geneva, 2006). Page 19 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” ethnic belonging is a result of free declaration of the citizens, respectively for the parents of the children’s younger than 10 years, while in the registrations on the years 1971, 1981 and 1991 younger than 15 years old4.
After the census according to the time when we were within former Yugoslavia which were realized for the first time on the year1921, than on the year 1931. After Second World War the census was held on the year 1948, than the second registration after the war in the year 1953, and from the year 1961 in chronological order every 10 years until the year 1981, which for the Kosovars has been considered as the latest census. However, a census has been realized also in the year 1991, but at that time it was boycotted from all the Albanians who lived in the territory of Kosovo, therefore this registration was considered as not legitimate one.
On the year 1921 Kosovo had 439,010 inhabitants. In this registration as it was mentioned the ethnic belonging was not given5. This is the first registration after the First World War in former Yugoslavia. The registration should have been implemented on 31 December 1920, but because of the problems with the border in Italy it was realized with a month delay (Official Gazette nr. 94 date 31.04.1920). Within this registration participated the permanent population according to the following features: gender, age, civil condition, profession, social position, native language, knowledge on foreign languages, religion, writing and reading, military service and participation on the wars and spiritual flawed6.
Ten years later on the year 1931 Kosovo had 552,064 inhabitants therefore it had an increase of population for 113,054 inhabitants or 25.8% more than on the year 1921.
4 “Demographic changes of the population for the period 1948 – 2006”, Statistical Office in Kosovo (SOK), February 2008, Prishtina 5 Ibid 6 Population Registration and demographic development of Kosovo, Prof.dr. Rifat Blaku, Prishtina 2004. Page 20 of 88
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On the year 1941 there was no census because of the war condition for the second world war (1941-1945) while the next registration was held on the year 1948 after 17 years7.
Table 3.1 Census according to the years
Source: Demographic changes of the population of Kosovo for the period 1948 – 2006”, Statistical Office of Kosovo (SOK), February 2008, Prishtina - For the years 1948, 1953, 1961, 1971, and 1981, data are taken from the registration publications. - For the year 1991, data are an assessment of SOK8
As it can be seen on the table 3.1 Kosovo had an increasing trend of the population in absolute numbers. The biggest increase was in the period 1981-1991, for 371,756 inhabitants.
On the year 1941 there was no census because of the second world war (1941-1945) while the registration was held on the year 1948 after 17 years. In the year 1948 Kosovo had 733,034 inhabitants, and had an increase of the population for 180,970 inhabitants, or 32,8% more than on the year 1931.
7 Ibid 8 Assessment of the Federative Statistics of Yugoslavia. Since on 1981 Albanians did not participated in the population registration. Page 21 of 88
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In the year 1953 when the registration of the population was conducted, Kosovo has 815,908 inhabitants, with a population number increased for 82,874 inhabitants, or 11,3% more than on the year 1948. In the year 1961 when the census was conducted, Kosovo had 963,988 inhabitants, and had an increase on the population number of 148,080 inhabitants or 18.1% more than on the year 1953. In the year 1971 when the census was conducted, Kosovo had 1.243,693 inhabitants with an increase in the population number of 279,705 inhabitants or 29% more than on the year 1961.
In the year 1981 when the census was conducted, Kosovo had 1.584.440 inhabitants and had an increase in the population of 340,747 inhabitants, or 27.4% more than on the year 1971. In the year 1991 when the population registration was conducted, Kosovo had 1.956,196 inhabitants, and had an increase in the population number of 371.756 inhabitants or 23.5% more than on the year 1981.
Figure 3.1 Census according to the registration years
Source: Demographic Changes of the population in Kosovo for the period 1948 – 2006”, Statistical Office of Kosovo (SOK), February 2008, Prishtina
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CHAPTER 4 - Role and importance of the Census
4.1. Importance of the census
For the history of a country the census present important moments where the country evidences the accurate condition and its value (capital) of its population. Moreover by comparing the conditions in every of this moments you can obtain an overview of the population development in years, decades and centuries. In addition you can ascertain the increment or declining number of the population, you can learn for the changes in its composition and analyze the causes for the changes. Population is an element and modifier of area and time. Having accurate information for the population is of great importance for a country since it is a picture of the past, present and an indicator for the future.
Objective scientific analysis of many statistical data helps in knowing and assessing transformations of an area where the population lives and works, produce and spend, tolerate and hope. Today the statistical statements are of native interest and as developed and democratic a country is more developed should be their activities9.
Starting from the Government of Republic of Kosovo-the general census, households and dwellings creates the population fond, buildings of a place however it has to be updated every ten years. The general census is a base for creating collective memory that documents demographic, social and economic evolution of Kosovo. Based on this the Government can draft development policies for the country. Moreover it can confer more correctly the funds for public services such as: public transportation, construction of new schools, parks, entertainment places for children’s, public buildings, new roads and many other projects.
9 Population Registration and demographic development of Kosovo, Prof.dr. Rifat Blaku, Prishtinë 2004. Page 23 of 88
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Census has an importance also for Non Governmental Organizations NGOs which can use these results to plan and develop social services programs such as: children care centers, elder care centers, youth sensitization programs, etc.
The census has an important role also for the businesses, including also foreign investors. Businesses use these data to distribute as best as possible financial and human capitals, distribution of selling points. In addition to find the best position for a bank, cinema, employment offices etc.
4.2. Conference of European Statisticians for member states of CES
Main purposes of the recommendations of the Conference of European Statisticians (CES)10 for the census and households cycle for the year 2010 are: i. drafting guidelines and assistance for the countries that are members of the Conference of European Statisticians for planning and conducting their census and households, ii. assistance and improvement in comparing data on regional level through the selection of the core subjects for registration11 and harmonization of definitions and classifications.
Presented recommendations in this document are based on the work done between the years 2004 and 2006 according to the working program of the Conference of European Statisticians were approved in its fifty four plenary session in June 2006.
10 Conference of European Statisticians (CES) 11 Term “subject” refers to subject related to the information that should be searched for every registration unit registered in the register, person, households, residence . Page 24 of 88
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Recommendations of CES will also be used as the general frame for the registration program of the European Union for the census and Households on the year 201112.
In this conference many definitions and concepts for census were changed.
The process that leaded to CES Recommendations was held in the same time with the process that leaded toward reviewing of the “Principles and recommendations for census and households” (also known as “World Recommendations for Registration”),with an authentic coordination. Countries are encouraged to use in amendments mean the two packages of registration recommendations. CES recommendations reflect in the countries condition of CES countries and link the work done in world level, in more specific needs of the regions where countries are less different than in global level. In general two Recommendations packages are sustainable but if the World Recommendations are wider and more detailed (on matters on including of countries), CES Recommendations are more specific in usage of more definitions (such as current residence) and classification.
In July 2005 the Social and Economical Council of United Nations (SECUN) adapted a resolute-6 by stimulating “Member States to conduct their census and households and distribute results of the registration as an essential source of information of smaller areas, national, regional and international planning and development; in addition to offer results of the registration for the national decision makers and for the United Nations as well and other intergovernmental organizations to assist in population studying, environment and development of matters and social-economical programs”.
One of the fundamental principles of Official Statistics says that “individual data collected from statistical agencies …should be used exclusively for statistical purposes13”.
12 See http://www.unece.org/stats/archive/04.03a.e.htm 13 Population residences and households are integral part of the official statistics of every country. Therefore it is expected to include the fundamental principles since these principles were approved from Page 25 of 88
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Fundamental principles of statics are: 1) Official statistics ensure an important element for the information system of a democratic society, by serving the government, economy and society with data for the economic, demographic , social and environmental situation. Beside this official statistics that fulfill the practical service test should be drafted and be available on an impartial base from the official statistics agencies side to honor the citizens rights for public information. 2) In order to maintain trust in agency statistical office must decide completely professionally by including scientific principles and professional ethics over the methods and procedures for collecting, depositing and presenting statistical data. 3) In order to easier the correct interpretation of data, statistical agencies should present the information according to the scientific standards over the sources, methods and statistical procedures. 4) Statistical agencies are authorized to comment wrong interpretations and statistical misuses. 5) Data for the statistical purposes can be driven from all the sources types, either if they are statistical or administrative notes. Statistical agencies should select the source regarding the quality, deadline, cost and respondent burden, 6) Individual data collected from statistical agencies for statistical conclusions refer to the natural persons or legal ones and necessarily must be confidential and be used exclusively for statistical purposes. 7) Laws, regulations and measures according to which the statistical systems operate must be publicized. 8) Coordination among statistical agencies between countries is essential to achieve consistence and impact on statistical system.
the region of ECE from the side of the Economical commission for Europe on 1992 and Statistical Commission of the United Nations for is special sensation. From the date 11 – 15 April 1994 Page 26 of 88
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9) In every country the usage of data from the statistical agencies of international concepts classifications and methods promote sustainability and efficiency in the statistical systems in all official levels14.
All these principles result that bilateral and multi lateral cooperation in statistics can contribute in improving official statistics system in all the countries.
Census definitions according to CES Traditionally registration definition has been equalized in the features of individual basic registration, simultaneity, universality and defined periodic. In the last years many methods were used in the CES region where the registration has been taken as a wider concept. In some countries traditional methods based on the registration in the field of all the individuals, has been transferred in data usage included in administrative registers. Lately individual and comprehensive registration priority and its characteristics have changed toward the need for more frequent and relevant data for the total population and smaller local zones. At this time, an current definition for the census and households can be found in the CES region based on the results produced better than the used method.
Census is defined as an operation that produces regular intervals (or phases), counting of official statistics of the population in a country territory and smaller geographic sub territories, together with the information of selected demographic and social population characteristics. This operation includes the collection process (through the registration based on the information), compilation of individual information and assessment, distribution of geographic data, economic and social ones and the analysis. In order to plan and implement economic and social development policies, administrative activities or scientific research is is highly necessary to have credible data and detailed on their quantity and the distribution and consistency of the population. Census is the primary source of these basic statistical phases, including not only the population with regular
14 Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing. ECE/CES/STAT/NONE/2006/4. NEW YORK AND GENEVA, 2006 Page 27 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” residence but also the homeless persons and migrating groups. Data on the census can at a certain time be presented and analyzed in statistical subjects for many geographic units expanded from the country in general, smaller localities or city blocks.
Households registration is defined as an operation that produces regular intervals (phases) in official counting of dwellings and inhabitants living in them in the territory of a country and in smaller geographic sub-territories together with the information in selected number of characteristics of these dwellings. This operation includes collection process (through the registration based on information) and in compilation of the information related to dwellings and their inhabitants. Registration must offer information for their household unit fund together with the information for structural characteristics and buildings that need maintenance of intimacy and health and normal development of welfare conditions for families.
Census and households is a process that on the same time generated information related to the population and information regarding the dwellings as described above. This operation has the advantage in obtaining information in two universes (population and dwellings) by using the same registration process. Regarding the census, census and households also has a chance to offer information for welfare condition of the population. Results of the registration process and households regarding the total number of the population and house fund are necessary task in order ensure statistics regarding the population, family, households and house condition in uniform base for smaller zones and population sub groups. Population characteristics include geographic characteristics, demographic, social, economical, households and family. For many countries, the results are taken through the process of registration and this is vital for ensuring these information, unless the registration is not the only disposal source and there are no other implemented alternatives.
Recommendations and conventions (agreements) presented within CES, are drafted in an angle to ensure that every person should have one, and only one permanent residence. This is important in an international context in order to avoid the persons that have been Page 28 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” counted in an current residence part of more than one place or that have not been counted at all. The same principle applies also in the national context. Even though for previous registrations, recommendations could allow a scale of tolerance, in some convention interpretations regarding the place of current residence, actual recommendations attempt to be more strict (drastic).
The definition which was mainly discussed in Kosovo was the habitat of resident persons. In this CES it was decided that:
Current residence is a geographic place where the registered person usually lives. This can be the: a)place where he/she actually be during the registration period or b)he/she are in a legal residence or c)he/she vote or conduct other administrative activities.
Only the persons that: (a) Those who lived in their current residence for a continuing time for at least twelve months15 before the Registration; or (b) Them who arrived at their place of residence during the period of twelve months before the Registration day, with the purpose to stay there for at least one year should be considered as a current resident of this relevant geographic or administrative sub- selection. Children’s that were born twelve months before the registration should be included in the current residence of this geographic sub selection or administrative one where they live.
15 In practical terms the interpretation of the “continuing period” of at least twelve months is understood when the person is present for twelve from the last fifteen months. It is known that the practical application of this regulation can face some difficulties in the cases of traditional registrations and based on registers. Page 29 of 88
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State of the current resident is the country which actually the current residence. This is correctly for the majority of the population. For the people who move frequesntly between different countries, this concept can be hard to be understood.
For short term migrants16 their migration country should be the country of the current residence also for international migrants during their stay outside the country. For long term migrants destination place should be the current residence of the migrant.
General Rule that leads the current residence is the usual residence of the oerson that he/she spends majority of the time (day and night). For many persons the application of this rule does not cause any major difficulty.
However, the problems can be found for many special cases. Conventional treatment recommended for these cases is as follows: a) Persons that work during the week away from home and who during the weekends go back to their houses should consider the family home as their current residence no matter if their work place is somewhere else or outside the country; b) Primary students or secondary students who are away from home during school, should consider their family home as a current residence no matter that they study somewhere else or outside of the country; c) Third level of the students, who are away from home, even though in college or university should consider the timing address as their current residence no matter if this institution is (as dormitory) or a private residence and no matter that they
16 Short-term migrants are those who move from one place to another to their country of usual residence in a period of less than three months but less than one year. The cases for purposes of recreation, holiday, visits to friends or relatives, business, medical treatment or religious pilgrimage. See Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration, United Nations, New York, 1998. Long-term migrants should include those international migrants who have lived in different countries destinations for a continuous period of at least twelve months before Census Day, or those migrants who have arrived in the country of destination during the twelve months Census Day, in order to stay there for at least a year Page 30 of 88
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study in their country or outside. As an excluding measure, is when the studying location is within the country, the current residence can be considered to be the family home; d) The institution should be taken as the current residence for all the imprisoned whom in the registration time have spent or can spent twelve or more months in this relevant institution. Institutions examples of the imprisoned value also for the patients on hospitals or orphanages, elder or correction houses, imprisoned or the ones who are in youth arrest centers; e) When the person during the year lives regularly in more than one residence, the residence where he/she spends most of the time should be taken as the current residence no matter that this place is within our out of the country; f) General rules where the majority of the time is spend applies also for the persons in military services also for the military force members who live in military camps; g) Registration place should be taken as the current location for homeless persons, migrating persons and persons without current residence concept; h) in cases for the children’s that change households (i.e. divorced parents) it should be taken into consideration where the he/she spends most of the time. When there is an equal time between two parents, than the current residence should be taken the place where the child was on the registration period.17.
Subject of the current residence is included with the purpose in obtaining necessary information to determine the total number of the resident population in a place and in a place to classify the population from territorial divisions and from the household status.
Whenever possible separate information should be collected for every household and for every person living in the household regarding: a) current residents and present in the registration period;
17 Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing. ECE/CES/STAT/NONE/2006/4. NEW YORK AND GENEVA, 2006 Page 31 of 88
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b) resident persons, but temporary not present in the registration period; c) temporary present in the registration time, but that are resident elsewhere (including their residence address).
Registered persons, but that do not fulfill the criteria of the current residence for that registration district i.e. do not live or are not expected to live in that registration district for the period of at least 12 months, where these persons are considered as temporary residents18. Based on the residence definition of the current residence, the current inhabitants of that registration district, but that are not present or expected to be missing in the registration time for less than a year, should be considered persons that temporarily miss therefore must be included in the general number of population. In contrast of this, persons that live or expect to live out of the registration district for one or more years, should not be considered as temporary missing persons therefore these persons must be excluded from the total number of population. Even taking into consideration the visits that these persons could do to their families time to time.
The group of the people missing but that live outside the country (relatives of the household members, who live or expect to live outside the country for one or more years) can be particularly important for the countries with high scale of migration. If the data for the persons that are not present are considered to be collected through the registration,
18 A special sub-group of persons temporarily present, is presented by short-term international migrants (see Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration). For the purpose of counting the short-term international migrants, points should be collected as follows for each person in the household and for each person in institutional households, who temporarily live in the country: 1. place of usual residence. This information allows the identification of persons who reside abroad. 2. Reason for migration. This information allows the exclusion of persons who have undertaken international departure due to recreation, holiday, visits to friends and relatives, business, medical treatment and religious pilgrimage. 3. Length of stay. This information is to include only persons that stay in place for at least 3 months but less than one year Page 32 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” their information (in terms of counting and characteristics) should be different from the information collected for the general inhabitants number.
Registered persons but that do not fulfill the residence criteria of the current residence of registration i.e. that do not live or expect not to live in that registration district for a period of at least twelve months, are considered as persons temporary present therefore should not be counted in the total number of population19.
Total number of inhabitants in every territorial division, where normally should be compiled by adding the persons that are current residents and present and also the persons that are current residents but temporary are not present. However, it is not always possible to collect information for the persons that are not present from their current residence, especially if the household temporary is missing in the registration period. Therefore for this purpose several measures should be taken to collect information for these persons in the place where they were found in the registration time and if it is necessary to transfer them in their place or territorial division of their current residence20.
Conference of European Statisticians has issued more recommendations for the census. However, we have mentioned only few recommendations that are necessary to realize this study.
19 Short-term migrants constitute a significant subset of these persons temporarily present (see Recommendations on the Status of International Migration, UN, NY, 1998). Countries may wish to utilize registration to determine their place of usual residence, reason for migration and residence duration. 20 Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing. ECE/CES/STAT/NONE/2006/4. NEW YORK AND GENEVA, 2006 Page 33 of 88
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4.3. Demand for census in Kosovo
We know that for decades Republic of Kosovo did not know the exact number of inhabitants living in Kosovo. Moreover, from the year 1981 when the last registration was conducted the population has had many demographic movements especially when we take into consideration the last war that happened in Kosovo.
Year Total Albanians Serbs M Negro Turkish Muslims Rom Croats Other 1948 733 034 498 244 176 718 28 066 1 320 10 039 11 230 5 302 3 000 1953 815 908 524 562 189 869 31 367 34 590 6 775 11 904 6 219 3 458 1961 963 988 646 605 227 016 37 588 25 764 8 026 3 202 7 251 8 536 1971 1 243 693 916 168 228 264 31 555 12 244 26 354 14 593 8 264 5 968 1981 1 584 440 1 226 736 209 798 27 028 12 513 58 562 34 126 8 718 7 262
Table 4.1 – Population according to the registration after the Second World War (Prof.dr. Rifat Blaku, 2004)
Therefore a national planning in Kosovo, a careful planning and accurate would have been impossible if we would not have known well the distribution and main characteristics of the population in all the territory of Republic of Kosovo.
In Kosovo the need for registration was maybe more important than anywhere else. Events in the last years have influenced a lot the geographic migration of the population. Many have moved from rural zones toward cities. There are many others that left the country but also other immigrating from foreign countries. There is also a development in Natality because it can be noticed that parents with above average age have less children’s than before. Census gave an answer to many of this important questions for different problems. The last registration of population will have an immediate effect on policies but also will provide material for further studies where we are also dealing with this issue with this paper.
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In addition, until now in general statistical data and information in general are not full, not completed and for some fields even are missing (remember the lates registration done in the year 1981).
Census according to municipalities in Kosovo on the year 1981 Regions Albanians Serbs M Negro Muslims Turkish Others Total Viti 35105 8369 179 78 0 4108 47839 Vushtri 37351 6091 381 96 83 1510 45512 Gllogovc 40447 27 5 20 0 15 40514 Gjilan 59764 19212 174 137 1180 3618 84085 Deçan 39179 234 898 217 0 112 40640 Dragash 18623 93 21 15942 176 199 35054 Gjakovë 87588 1898 1953 278 9 477 92203 Istog 35972 7373 1856 3545 8 987 49741 Kaçanik 30406 287 27 65 8 282 31075 Klinë 45594 6829 973 237 0 906 54539 Kamenicë 32390 14813 60 77 2 987 48329 Mitrovicë 60528 25930 2000 4519 789 5557 99323 Leposaviq 858 14977 79 681 8 303 16906 Lipjan 43118 10259 354 748 118 5440 60037 Rahovec 56391 4026 309 129 0 423 61278 Pejë 79965 7995 9796 8739 33 4543 111071 Podujevë 72092 2242 615 77 0 411 75437 Prizren 93657 11651 538 16857 8078 3745 134526 Prishtinë 140043 43875 6394 4304 1974 13450 210040 Skënderaj 45504 1104 436 40 0 143 47227 Suharekë 55640 3568 27 34 12 153 59434 Ferizaj 90521 18285 353 1742 35 2744 113680 Total 1200736 209138 27428 58562 12513 50113 1558490 Table 4.2 Source: SOK, Municipalities of Kosovo on 1987, pg. 23-24, Prishtina, 1989
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For a long period of time the registration issue has been discussed a lot but we underline that the latest development make the registration issue be considered as national priority in state agenda of Kosovo. All the objectives and state projects not only economical ones, social development are depended from the quality results of the census, of household registration and dwellings while the benefiter will be the Kosovar society starting from the municipalities, state administration and international administration as well21.
21 Chronology on preparing population registration, SOK, 2008 Page 36 of 88
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Chapter 5 - Legal aspect of the census in Kosovo and organization structure
5.1 Census law, households and dwellings
The first legal base for the registration was the Law Nr 2003/16 “Census, households and dwellings in Kosovo” Following the international recommendations it was prepared a new draft law to improve the first law and to harmonize it with the international standards. The new law is approved by the Government on 5th of August 2010 and from the Kosovo Assembly on 7th of October 2010, date which this law was validated with the number 03/L–237. Law for the registration refers to the law on personal data protection and draft law for official statistics.
5.2. Legal aspect until the determination of the census date, households and dwellings
Legal aspect for the census started on year 2003 where the law for census, households and dwellings (nr, 2003/16) where than a special office for the census was established within SOK (2005). Based on the census law on the year 2008 it was formed the Central Commission of Census, Households and Dwellings (CCR) which will help for the realization, support and monitor registration process. • In the year 2003 the Law for census, households and dwellings was approved (nr. 2003/16). • In the year 2004 The Special Representative of the General Secretary (Søren Jessen-Petersen), in the regulation 2004/53 has approved several amendments of the law 2003/16.
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• In the year 2005 it was established a special Office for census within SOK.. Based on the census law on the year 2008 it was formed the Central Commission of Census, Households and Dwellings (CCR) which will help for the realization, support and monitor registration process. • Kosovo Parliament on 14th of March 2008 established CCR which would play an important role for the census. • From the month March-June 2009, the Statistical Office in Kosovo in cooperation with experts financed by European Union drafted the document called ,,Roadmap for the census, households and dwellings in Kosovo”. The document was assessed to be basic document for the census, accepted by the Government of Kosovo and international organizations representatives that monitor the registration. • Roadmap also includes all the aspects related to the Census activities like; implementing deadline, legal matters, human capacities, trainings and logistic aspects. • On 25.06.2009 the Government of Kosovo with a Decision nr. 03/70 Proposes to the Assembly of Republic of Kosovo that the Census to be held from date 31 March – 15 April 2011. Moreover, this proposal was approved by the Assembly of Kosovo on the date 19 of November 2009. • Memorandum of Understanding for creating a Trust Fund with many donors for census, households and dwellings on the year 2011 was signed on 08th of June 2010. This Memorandum of Understanding was signed by the Ministry of Economy and Finances and the European Commission Liaison Office in Kosovo. • The law on census, households and dwellings nr. 2003/16 has been changed and amended with the census, households and dwellings nr. 2010/03-L-237. The law has been approved in Assembly on 07.10.2010 while it was published with the President Decree of the Republic of Kosovo nr. DL-056 -2010, date 22.10.2010. • CCR approved the forms for census, households and dwellings in the meeting held on 12.01.2011.
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• Based on the article 13, paragraph 1.3, of the Census Law, households and dwellings, nr.03/L-237, Central Commission for Census on the date 26.01.2011 took a decision for establishing 34 Municipal Commissions for Registration.
5.3 Organization Structure and responsibilities for census
Kosovo Parliament on 14th of March 2008 established the Central Commission for Census, households and dwellings (CCS) which would play an important role on census.
Central Commission for Registration is an Independent Commission from the Government approved by the Assembly of Kosovo which commission for its work is only accountable to the Assembly of Kosovo.
Central Commission for Registration has created Municipal Registration Commissions (MRC). Municipal Registration Commission have a key role in registration enterprise since they are accountable for all the field activities and other tasks in municipality level. Selection of the participants was done very carefully from Kosovar authorities. MRC consisted of five new municipalities created with the decentralization project which municipalities are mainly inhabitant with other communities.
Municipal Registration Commission have established a registration municipal office (RMO). It is also foreseen that MRC name one of their members in the RMO. .
In all these activities, respectively the establishment of the Municipal Commission for Registration we can see clearly that the census was realized by the municipalities their selves or the citizens living in them or of the same community. This means that the community no matter of the entity will register their selves and this process is not related at all with politics since all the involved actors in this process are the same living in that
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5.3.1 Personnel, organization and supervision of the process In order to function, support and monitor the registration process of the population as a necessity the registration Office of Population had an organization structured as below:
Leading Group of the project included the supervisors of the project deputy managers of the projects together with the working group leaders and other experts. The role and primary tasks were to prepare and finalize the main documents, give suggestions, take decision and monitor the process. The group consisted of 10-14 persons (depending from the phases and activities) and in some cases they were carrier of other activities. The group was selected from the Chief Executive with the support of MPA.
Supportive Group, consisted of persons that were distributed into certain working groups (methodology, cartography, logistic, IT, administration, design, translation. lecturing, sensibility etc). Depending from the dynamic and activity volume of the process their number in personnel certain phases was increased and decreased. Role and main task is to assist in finalization of document and activities related with their filed. Supportive Group was selected from the Census office .
Instructor Group, consist of 22 instructors whom mainly were personnel of SOK. Role and their main tasks were to organize, held trainings but also the work on the field (data collection) to support them with personnel in municipalities, field personnel and propose necessary measures in the process. In addition the instructors were part of the monitoring and daily report regarding the flow of the project in the municipalities or regions. Supportive group was selected from the Census Office.
Supervisors , supervisor roles in the registration was to train controls, support controllers during the trainings and conduct working organization. Supervisors played an important role in the process by giving suggestions and recommendations taken from uppoer Page 40 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” management levels since they were the contacting points up to the controls and than to the register.
Their role was in monitoring and observing the process by providing suggestions in coordination with the central office of census and ROM. They monitored the work of the engaged staff the entire time including also the material and equipments used during the registration.
One supervisor was responsible for controlling the work of around 6-9 controllers. They made the proposals for controllers distribution (together with ROM) and assisted in distribution-collection of material. Supervisors were selected by the census office.
Controllers, controllers role was important since they were the main chain between the registers and municipality commission supervisors. Their main role was to train the registers, support them during the registration process and they were the key responsible persons in covering determined zones and the quality of the data therefore they had as an obligation including persons, households and dwellings within the registration district for every register under their authority. Usually a controller had a supervision of 5-8 registers and in special cases even less. Controllers were selected from the municipality in cooperation with ROM.
Registers, registers were the first contact between the personnel of census and the population itself. Registers have collected data directly from the households persons in registration district for which they were responsible. Every register had a registration district. Registers were selected by the Municipalities.
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Chapter 6 - Steps and preparations toward the census 2011
In the modern world there are many census methods. In addition now in many developed countries the census is realized in a combined method. Combined method is realized by basing our decisions in the civil registration and a representative sample where you can question the citizens directly according to the random method by visiting them “door to door – face to face” these data are also compared with the migration data of that country and then with the statistical methods you can obtain a general number of the population.
Traditional registration is a general process, collection and assessment, analysis and distribution of demographic and social data in specific period at all the persons at a same place or in certain percentage of the place. A limited period of time has been given immediately after the referring date given (registration day). Data are marked in the registration questionnaire.22. There are two main methods of registration: interview methods (or recorder) and the method of interviewing the old man as the head of the house (self registration of the population). In Kosovo we have used the interview methods where the registers visited every house and interview all the family heads.
With the interview method (questionnaire) are collected data for every individual (in the census) and for every quart residence and the inhabitants on it (dwellings registration) where these questionnaire are filled by the determined officer to act in the specific zones for a short period of time to meet the general requests of the population23.
22 There are several goals for the use of portable computers (hand) for data collection: Registration Test conducted in the Republic of Macedonia in October 1999. The results were very good, operation is necessary when using the questionnaire on paper (such as control, encryption and data inclusion) were limited. Yet the use of these tools depends on the financial aspect, the commitment of registrants with computer skills and acquisition of equipment for the transmission of data in a given turnover of registration 23 Conference of European Statisticians Recommendations for the 2010 Censuses of Population and Housing. ECE/CES/STAT/NONE/2006/4. NEW YORK AND GENEVA, 2006 Page 42 of 88
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From the year 2000 until the year 2008 all the Kosovo institutions intended to declare independence of Kosovo in order for it to be internationally recognized from all the countries in the world. In addition with same rights with other independent countries. While on the year 2008 a lot was done from the Government of Kosovo to have the exact number of population that live in Kosovo and outside of Kosovo since the exact number is not known since the year 1981 when the latest registration was conducted. In order to realize the census the preparations started from the year 2003. However, there was no international support for this registration to be realized also earlier because of political circumstances on which it was Kosovo at that time. The green light from EUROSTAT for Kosovo was given on 2009 for the census to be started on 2011.
Census is the biggest statistical operation ever realized from Kosovo and it is considered to be three time more complex as the national elections. This important operation will have a considerable impact in improving the governance in the national and local level. It is also fundamental in the wider regional perspective and international one as well. It is very important that the census to be finished successfully by respecting all the recommendations and international standards.
The road to the green light for having the registration was not easy at all, since the Ministry of Public Administration with the full support of the Government of Republic of Kosovo held many meetings and debates with the international representatives of EUROSTAT so also Kosovo enters in countries that will realize a census planed for the year 2011.
On 25.06.2009 The Government of Republic of Kosovo with a decision nr. 03/70 Proposed to the Assembly to hold the census, households and dwellings from the date 31 March – 15 April 2011. This proposal was approved by the Assembly of Kosovo on the date 19th of November 2009.
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CRC in cooperation with MPA and ROM in 2009 in order to continue with the preparations also in year 2010, created a group of different experts for amending the law 2003/16. However, the changes in Government of Republic of Kosovo slowed the law process. Moreover, changes of two ministers and 4 acting directors of Chief Executives of ROM was not a good for the further work process for preparations for census.
6.1 Census Test
Depending on the need and purpose of the testing of the process registration different countries conduct 1-5 test census. Some countries apply the test separately; methodology, questionnaires, logic, program, coverage, organization etc.
i. The first census has been held without the monitoring of the international organization. Census was developed during the period 31 October until 15th of November 2005. Census was developed in 6 municipalities: Prizren, Gjilan, Kaçanik, Prishtine, Novobërdë and Skenderaj. 48 district registrations (DR) in Kosovo were included. Population number included was around 20,610 inhabitants and around 3,239 households.
ii. Second census testing was developed under the monitoring of international organizations. Census was developed from 30 of October till 14th of November 2006 and it was developed in 3 municipalities: Kamenicë, Pejë and Shtërpcë in total on 25 DR. Population number included was around 6,316 inhabitants and around 1, 971 households. A detail analysis has been done for the second census. iii. Third testing census was developed under the monitoring of international organization, without technical assistance. Census was realized from 27th of October till 10th of November 2008 and it was developed on 6 municipalities of Kosovo: Prizreni, Mamusha, Dragash, Lipjan, Prishtinë and Vushtrri in total 14DR. Population number included was around 4.219 inhabitants and around 755 households.
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6.2. Preparation of main documents
After the testing census (2008) intensive preparations where started for drafting important documents and their final drafting such as: budget, roadmap (guideline for activities), methodology, finalization of questionnaires, guidelines, plan for separation of zones in smaller units called District Registrations (for statistical needs) awareness plan and communication, logistic plan data processing (IT), trainings, announcements, selection of personnel, material distribution, collecting material, monitoring controlling-coordination , preliminary data, processing monitoring, personnel trainings, daily reporting, material distribution, material collection.
Roadmap over the census in Kosovo
Seeing the necessity in preparing a document which would will be a great guidance of activities regarding census, during the period march –June 2009, Statistician Office in Kosovo in cooperation with EUROSTAT representatives has prepared a document called,, Road map for census, households and dwellings in Kosovo”. The document was considered to be basic document for census procedures accepted by Government of Kosovo and representatives of international organization that monitor the process .
Document states clearly the need for census, standard implementation for censuses, preparatory work, communication plan, awareness program, connection among activities, international coordination on implementation deadline and responsibilities of the involved person. The document was published in the official Gazette of ROM.
Methodology & Demographic Group
According to the ROM this group prepared almost all the necessary instruments for census. Questionnaires were prepared based and conform international standards for census (the questionnaire, among other questions from demographic field, contains
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Different Guidelines were prepared and information letters during the registration. All the instruments mentioned are prepared in 4 languages: Albanian, Serbs, Turkish and Englishman .
The methodology group is preparing trainings from the field of methodology and demography. Trainings from the methodology field and demographic one will be held in community language..
Data collection Instrument – Some countries the collection of the data do through the administrative form (obtaining administrative data from municipalities and other sources by comparing them with other bases and registers). Other countries economically developed and with technology use different methods. They apply the collection of data through the internet, mail services by comparing the classic method of collection of the data for the regions that do not have external exam. In the end of the year 2004 it was dictated if Kosova (ROM) has the capacity to apply data collection from the field through laptop computers or other advanced forms. Because of data security (privacy), and the organizational experience is emphasized that this method of collection is not applicable in the case of Kosovo. Based on the experience and best practices, Kosovo was determined to apply the traditional method (classical) the collection of field data through the forms it.
The duration of data collection, in most countries data collection in the field lasts two (2) weeks; moreover, different countries apply three (3) weeks (Albania), four (4) weeks Croatia and some other countries more than a month. Kosovo based on census District Registration sharing (number of dwellings in a dwelling-DR) it was foreseen that this was
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Forms and guidelines used – applied during the registration in the field were prepared in four (4) languages: Albanian, Serbian, Turkish and English.
Kosovo during the registration applied only one unique form of the form – extended form while other countries apply two forms: shorten form for a part of the territory and the extended one for the other part of the territory. With the registration we will collect data for three (3) main units: dwellings, households and individuals.
During the census these forms were used: R1 (dwelling questionnaire)
R2 (households questionnaire)
R3 (Individual questionnaire)
S1 (questionnaire for persons that are more than 12 months outside of Kosovo)
Supportive forms: BL-Building lists
C1-questionnaire for quarts of collective dwellings
C2- questionnaire for institutional-collective dwellings
Supportive Forms (lists) DS1-register daily summary
RS1-register summary list
RS2-controller summary list
RS3-supervisor summary list
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In absence of basic data for the different indicators (basic registrations and the absence of the data base) many institutions, agencies, ministries, organizations, NGOs, communities requested to conduct different questions in the form related to their field. With the permanent insistence of these institutions the questionnaire for the census has been assessed (from native and international experts) as overloaded with questions especially from the social, economical and agricultural field.
Questionnaire formulation: draft form of the questionnaire was done in 2005 that contained basic questions for the census. The application was prepared in excel! and the questions formulation was based in the previous registrations. During this registration the international criteria’s. After the signature of the agreement between Kosovar institutions and the ones from EU (EUROSTAT-it) in year 2006, Kosovo committed to implement criteria’s and international standards for registrations aiming that the result from the census to be compared with other countries and be accepted internationally.
Based on these standards states are obliged to incorporate only their main questions in the questionnaire while other questions would be not close to the international standards. The main difference from previous censuses and latest recommendation was the changes on the concept of the resident population (population that lives or plans to live in a place more than 12 months it is counted as a resident population) and not resident it is considered (population that left the place for more than 12 months they will not be counted as resident population).
Such a concept (separation in resident and non residence) caused reactions to the staff of ROM that dealt with forms preparation, putting in danger further cooperation and implementation of these recommendations. With the insistence and continuing proposal of ROM to include also the population that were for more than 12 months outside of Kosovo a compromise was achieved with MMN to draft a shorten form – additional form (supplementary) where data will be collected for the persons living outside of Kosovo and this form was applied during the census process. Page 48 of 88
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During the testing censuses on the year 2006 and 2008 it was assessed from MMN that the forms and guidelines were prepared according to the international standards. After the finalization of the questionnaire ROM between the period 2007-2010 organized four (4) debates with citizens and institutions regarding the content of the questionnaire.
The only institution that demanded (on written form) to add additional question (question number 6 at the questionnaire of the dwellings (R1) with five (5) modality was water agency and this n September 2010 (after the compilation of the final draft from ROM and approval from the side of MMN). Every change –reformulation of the questionnaire was related to the with all other forms including the forms design, guidance, program, training in four languages.
During the period September-December 2010 ROM was in a crucial phase for the census project “Finalization of the questionnaires and guidelines” which was one of the main challenges of the process since it had to be compiled and monitor them closely : translation in 3 other languages in: Serbian, Turkish and English that had to be unique, forms design, guidelines, their format, printing packaging and all of this should be finalized in the appropriate time and without professional defects since any extension could have caused questioning the questionnaire . If you add to this regular meetings with international institutions as the compiling, finalization and testing of many activities this period is assessed as crucial for the registration population.
ROM achieved that the questionnaire (application where they were ready to enter visual basic) and other belonging experiments in the field to finalize them on the month December 2010 and these were approved after from ROM on the month December 2000 and these were approved after from the CRR in January 2011.
On March 2011 before starting the registration (after all the material was printed) there were some concerns expressed from Ombudsman , religious community, academy and some opposite for changes in the form. These proposals where very late since if they Page 49 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” would have waited a little longer the entire process would have been in danger for failure. The expenditures as well would have been too much and this is not in accordance with ROM since she initially wanted to incorporate :
Cartography – has developed satisfying level of all the main activities for registration. Kosovo has been divided in 4 926 DR and every DR was vectored codified and roads were described the updating is being done to 1000 DR to review shifts that have been done after orthophotos on 2004.
In the beginning of the year it was also updated on 500 DR therefore in total is 1500 or 30% of DR. The GIS is being reviewed for the possibility to create a data base for all the institutions native and international ones.
In absence of the administrative data, previous registers and the lack of the address system, zone divisions for a register was one of the main challenges and difficulties for the registration process. Based in the duration of the field registration (for two weeks) a determination and zone separation was done (for the registration needs which would be called later as district registrations DR), where one DR will be covered at a register. Division of DR was done within the cadastral borders of the dwellings.
During the compilation of DR the separation was done in: urban DR from 80-120 households (building expansion-households were of often of the type), rural from 40-60 households (expansion of the households was of the cumulate feature and we have mountain DR that includes up to 40 households (spread feature). This separation was done based in the dwelling expansion and in the cover time of this DR cone register after the period of two weeks as the registration would lest on the field.
Data from cartography enabled to determine the number of registers, controllers and supervisors for a certain zone and the data from cartography also were a great help in logistic aspect.
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ROM on the year 2005 uses the maps made by the Cadastre Agency of Kosovo (orthophoto of the year 2003) by conducting orthofication, coordination of objects and dividing districts for district registration. In addition the legend was described for all the DR of the total territory of Kosovo which would be needed for registration. After the decision of the Government of Kosovo (see the decision of the 16th of July 2008) where it was proposed to the Assembly of Kosovo to allow the registration to start on April 2009 therefore ROM started to make intensive preparations where one of the main activities where to refresh maps from the period 2003-2008 since there were major changes in the field. Therefore, in the end of 2008 satellite images were made and the refreshment of the maps was done.
These images enabled them have detailed access regarding the changes made on the field. Because of different circumstances the registration was postponed for the year 2011. Because of the major changes in the field (changes from the new buildings, population movements toward urban areas and in periphery of the cities) the Sector of Cartography and GIS with the recommendation of MMN saw it necessary to make the refreshment of the maps. On September 2010 there were new satellite images for the urban dwelling and surrounding ones covered a territory of 68% of Kosovo. In order to have more previous data for the census (in absence of administrative data) ROM made the update and covering all the registration districts by adopting previous data.
Updating of the data included: number of households, number of members in households, populated dwellings, dwellings not populated was done by going door to door on the field.
Changes in the territorial aspect (new municipalities) impacted in the reviewing and division of new DR in the municipality level. In the end of 2008 there were satellite images done where the updating of the maps was done. During this activity it was
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“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” attached also the updated project of DR by collecting previous data for some indicators for households and individuals.
Data from the update offered information for the households, number of the members in households, population as per entity, population within DR according to the language they speak, code of all the buildings, buildings dedicated for living, number of the floors, identification of new buildings, number of entrances etc.
These data were very important since there was a base for the population, distribution of communities in larger living areas that helped in the selection of personnel and distribution of the basic material of the ethnicity living at that zone.
It is important to mention that data from this update represent real situation in the field compared with the data from the registration, data from the 2009 update match 99% with the real census
After this DR were re-divided, merged, re-codified, re-described. Based on the latest data for the territory of Kosovo the territory was divided in 4,643 DR.
Achievements of the cartography were evaluated also from the geo statistics of EU and officially the sector of “Cartography & GIS” close to ROM was accepted with full rights member in the Geo-statistics of Europe; Kosovo has been accepted as a member with full rights while other countries in the region are still not involved in the initiative.
Logistics – It has been prepared the logistic plan for all the work phases and activities required to be realized. Also the role was specified and the tasks of the different commissions, working groups and for every individual that would be part of the process in the registration. The plan for personnel selection was prepared, trainings, monitoring, than the procurement plan, distribution, collection, processing, analyzing and disseminating of material and data including trainings and further process of the initial tasks, during and after the registration. Page 52 of 88
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Within these important activities for the project it was important the logistics organization aspect. Lack of working space for the hired personnel in the registration presented difficulties in the activity realizations. In the beginning of May 2010 the Registration office requested urgently from MPA to find working space where the personnel systematization would be done including the personnel from PRO and from UNOPS since many activities could not be realized without having a working space for the personnel.
Up to the end of September 2010 when the space was found (private building close to the ROM building) an obstacle was the intensive communication between PRO and UNOPS personnel since the UNOPS building was put many kilometers far from the ROM while the demand for daily discussions were more than necessary. Even with a delay the settlement of the engaged personnel in the registration in the same place easier the work and coordination among personnel of PRO and UNOPS since now the communication was in the desired level.
From the date 20 March 2011 the distribution of materials in municipalities started. For this purpose it was hired a private company for supervision of the PRO personnel that prepared the distribution plan. The material was distributed and deposited in many cases in the municipality space while in some municipalities that lacked on the available space offices were rented. The material was distributed in all the municipalities until the date 27th of March 2011.
Not in all the cases the necessary material was distributed according to the ethnic belonging of population and in the correct quantity (this happened because of the lacks in the data and other basic information). Therefore PRO was in disposal with a supportive group whom with the request of municipalities made the distribution of materials for a period less than 24 hours.
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In the data when the registration was planned to start the necessary material in the field was distributed to the entire personnel.
Returning and collection of material from the field (municipalities) was done in coordination with the Ministry of Internal Affairs (MIA) by securing the delivery of the material. The material from the fields was collected during the period 24 April until 10th of May 2011. Material was delivered-received through the delivery-receipt form.
The material initially was archived and than during the period 16 May – 10th of June 2011 the counting was done, verification and controlling of material. After the counting of the material during the period 10 – 20 of June 2011 the preliminary data were put in the software (RS1). The preliminary data taken from the processing were compared with the preliminary data from the municipalities.
Information Technology –For a period of time the establishment of the program for the data base was an important task. The program was prepared according to the recommendations for the registration (CISPRO program) which was assessed to be in the highest functioning level since the program was tested twice until now. A good chance to update the program functioning is the mini test planed to be held this year.
It was prepared in a high level the processing way, verification, control, quality of the data and special attention was given to the security of the data. On the same time the group prepared e plan for controlling and development of the process during the registration, coverage and comprehending of all the DR.
A valuable contribution was given by IT during the preparations by harmonizing and recommending to undertake some necessary steps for modification and data processing.
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In order to monitor the phases and quality, IT developed some applications by constructing the infrastructure and data base. After the installation of equipments and installing of network the processing center was ready for data processing.
Data from the census will be processed in the application build only for the project for population census. Data base was designed on MySQL server while some applications were designed on CsProx.
Program includes level of data protection (confidentiality) physical safety (the backup was build) including the system for controlling and monitoring.
Moreover, during an awareness campaign (after the issuing of the web page for registration) a valuable input was given from the IT by publishing many articles and different themes.
IT participated on GIS processing data for labeling the boxes, application development for the Codifiers and preparations for the preliminary results. In addition helped in creating archive structure. IT was involved also in the selection of hardware and software equipments
The program was tested during the testing registrations 2006-2008 and after the correction and different testing’s before the processing the final data all the software tools were tested in advance to ensure its functioning in all the phases. The Software is designed from native staff supported by technical assistance.
During the preparations and analysis of the previous data IT had prepared a software with the preliminary data.
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Dissemination- Prepared the distribution plan of data according to the international standards for dissemination. The detailed plan was prepared for the distribution form including: a hardcopy, web page, CD, flyers, special publications, horizontal and vertical publications according to the needs and requests of the users. It was also reviewed the material by reviewing the Web GIS design for data dissemination and in other forms as well from different maps. In addition the Atlas will be prepared with basic data from the registration.
Analysis Plan – It was prepared the analysis plan according to the international recommendations. Necessary tables for international comparisons are drafted and finalized. Moreover, the different tables for different purposes of the users are finalized.
6.3 Campaign and Media campaign
SOK in cooperation with international consultants has prepared awareness plan of the population to participate in the General Census, where in due time will begin intensive campaign. Has prepared the necessary tools for awareness like as letters to families, information leaflets, billboards, now is preparing TV advertising, advertising and other materials from the publicity field. Also it was prepared the list of all central and local television, radio and newspaper. The list of persons who will be the bearer of the awareness campaign (people who have influence in their communities).
In order to inform the population project for census awareness campaign had used all possible forms of awareness and communication (through television, radio, posters for registration, billboard, brochures, leaflets, debates, interviews, articles, etc.).
In addition, ROM had prepared a team work that will work only with the awareness campaign. During the field campaign the team had discussed, visiting all municipalities of Kosovo, including a large number of rural settlements for some times. Commitment
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“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” expressed in the awareness campaign had given the local authorities (municipal census commissions, NGOs, etc.) to achieve the purpose for participation in the census for every citizen of Kosovo.
The goal of the awareness campaign was one of the strategic points where citizens will receive the necessary information on the registration process by being informed for the methodology of applied, questionnaire content, participation in the census, confidentiality and the benefits that will be made by the census. Awareness campaign was divided into three phases: First phase: had a small dynamic was developed during the period September to December 2010. This phase was characterized with meetings, workshops and TV debates. During this phase, was prepared the base document for awareness campaign that included forms and methods of the awareness campaign
Second phase of the awareness campaign covered the period from January to March, 2011. During this period were finalized necessary awareness instruments to determine the different groups which would be engage for the awareness campaign.
Third phase of the awareness campaign covered the period from April to May, 2011. During this period were organized TV debates, interviews, articles, meetings by informing the population to participate in the census.
During the awareness campaign a group of ROM staff and external collaborators who were involved in the awareness campaign focused on close communication with citizens over 80 meetings in various centers of Kosovo. In these meetings, citizens are informed about the registration process. For the realization of the awareness campaign was engaged a private operator who was responsible to prepare awareness campaign, campaign tools, forms, articles and graffiti content, preparation of video and audio adv, designing, printing and materials distribution.
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Also economic operator engaged a bus (with advertising about the population census) where they visited 90 villages by informing for the registration time and some basic information, while they were distributed various gifts with identification content from registration. In this project were involved an actor’s local and international personality (mainly from the acting, music, journalism and sport) called, ambassador of good will" Delivering the information about census to all communities were engaged a 13 non- governmental organizations from communities. Describe which ethnicity belonged these NGO and set expansion map
All printed: 50 000 Flyers
50 000 Leaflets / 3 000 leaflets prepared and delivered from selected NGO for campaign
80 000 Posters
120 Billboard
Stands, 2 000 key rings, 2 000 notebook for notes, 5 000 shirts, 20 000 balloons and 1 400 balls.
Prepared 6 video spots.
Video spots aired 4500 in Albanian language, Serbian, Roma, Turkish and Bosnian, initially on TV as RTK, KTV, TV21 and later also on local TV.
Radio spots aired 3000 in Albanian language, Serbian, Turkish, Roma and Bosnian.
Advertisements in newspapers are published only in Albanian 8 times full page, 47 times and 21 times ¼ ½ page. Advertising published in newspapers: Koha Ditore, Bota Sot, Epoka e Re, Lajm, Kosova Sot , Zëri and Infopress.
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Were held 30 discussion meeting with public and 62 debates and round tables with focus group
Before and after the census held press conference from RC and ROM including conference survey after registration.
From 15 March to 13 April were issued 43 press releases.
Part of the awareness campaign was the Internet too. REKOS Web site of 2011 was at the site within the ROM (special link) where was the basic information about methodology, questions by giving additional information. A group has responded to citizens through electronic form.
6.4 Codification, processing, analysis, tabling, delivering data Codification - during the Housing Census in Kosovo was the codification of the questionnaires provided. This codification enables to have reliable data on the level of education, economic activity and different professions. Codification began in mid-June 2011 and lasted almost parallel to the length of the data processing. Codification of questionnaires for the education level, economic activity and profession is based on the list of codes that are received by the Department of Economic and Social Statistics. All lists are in electronic and printed form.
Codification of the material in manual form is selected a group of registrants who worked in two (2) shifts. It was seen that for every activity which is included in the coding to have a supervisor, then for ISCO, NACE rev 1.1. ISCED coding is done in the automatic form inclusion of material (data entry). Types of nomenclature that are being used for codification: - ISCED (education level), coding is done automatically form in the application for inclusion. - NACE Rev1 (economic activity), maximum of 4 digits. Coding will be done manually. - ISCO 1988 (professions) maximum of 4 digits. Coding will be done manually
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The processing of data – Processing form of data (data entry in the database) is realized in manual form, each questionnaire is inserted as a particular in database. After processing is done the input data, and analyze data. Tabling Form is discussed with data users. The lower level of tabling will include data filing at the level of settlements. Data filing will be needed for Kosovo and for the needs of international institutions. Tabling and finalized first publication will be 4-5 months after data processing.
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Chapter 7 - Completion of the Population Census (the field - data collection) 7.1 Preliminary results Based on the census law, ROM will need to publish the preliminary data up on 30 June 2011. Published preliminary data would have to include the data for the specific indicators in the census law: Due to the non participation of the three (3) municipalities that most of them are Serb, ROM need to do the population assessment for those communities based on data taken in 2009.
7.2 Completion of the 2011 census Within the activities of all instruments were prepared in: Albanian, Serbian, Turkish , English and also trainings were held in each community languages and it was encouraging to the community in Kosovo. In the absence of basic data (the various registers) knowing that collecting the several indicators before registration was crucial in terms of personnel selection, sharing documents and other material on the County level registration (forms, guides, maps, etc.) organizing training, ROM in 2009 realized a project called “RC Update” where were collected basic data on levels of RC including the municipalities above. The data collection was done by visiting household through short questionnaires (short registration) for a period from 1.5 months in the field. The engagement of staff in this project was organized as the same scheme that was used during the population census: main trainers, supervisors, controllers and recorders. Recorders and controllers were selected from those areas-places. The project is implemented by a private operator (until supervision was by ROM). During registration were using the short formulary, the updated maps (2008 recording) formats that are used during general registration and guidelines. Also in this form is recorded (counting) only resident population.
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The data are checked, processed, analyzed and extracted needed indicators for this census. These data are published and have been used by personnel involved in the process (ROM) and other personnel who worked and monitor the census. The resulting data from “Short registration” if we compare with the data from the general census (2011) were as close as it is difficult to distinguish by taking the base period (reference date) when the project was realized. In many municipalities of the 2009 data compared with the data of 2011 were close with a difference of less than 1%. The data, “short registration” of 2009 shows that in Kosovo there were a total of 1. 802 971 inhabitants, while the general census (2011) the number of total population in Kosovo was 1.733.872 and when we add to this record for three northern municipalities and Mitrovica (2009 estimate), then the total number of population in Kosovo is about 1,780,097 inhabitants, and if we add the data received from municipalities (final reports) where a part of the Serb has been refused to participate in the census (about 15 thousand inhabitants), the data of 2009 compared with the data from the census 2011 are almost identical with a margin of error of less than 1%. Also, data from previous surveys (2002-2009) conducted by ROM, World Bank (including the north municipalities) provide the same number of households and population in the Kosovo level. Therefore, ROM will make assessment for these three municipalities and will include in its publications level data in Kosovo.
7.3 Announcement of the Census results 2011
Census of population and household census ended of April 30, 2011. Statistical Agency of Kosovo has published the data from the Census, household and housing in Kosovo, carried out in April 2011. In this case, was organized an international conference in which many actors participated who were involved in the census process, as those local and international. The conference was organized on September 21, 2012.
These results represent the first data of the Census in Kosovo, since 1981, recognized internationally.
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Census, household in Kosovo 2011 Population Municipality Residences Households Total Males Females Deçan 7 230 5 735 38 984 19 600 19 384 Dragash 9 773 6 094 33 584 16 802 16 782 Ferizaj 25 275 18 318 108 690 54 936 53 754 Fushë 9 495 6 553 34 718 17 555 17 163 Kosovë Gjakovë 21 633 16 181 94 158 47 071 47 087 Gjilan 23 186 17 048 90 015 45 323 44 692 Gllogoc 11 803 8 801 58 579 29 751 28 828 Graçanicë 3 250 2 458 11 006 5 599 5 407 Hani i Elezit 1 717 1 449 9 389 4 828 4 561 Istog 9 320 6 742 39 294 19 987 19 307 Junik 910 768 6 078 2 994 3 084 Kaçanik 7 209 5 544 33 454 17 003 16 451 Kamenicë 8 161 6 184 35 600 18 290 17 310 Klinë 7 481 5 651 37 585 18 740 18 845 Kllokot 726 509 2 551 1 315 1 236 Leposaviq - - - - - Lipjan 13 705 9 470 57 474 29 334 28 140 Malishevë 8 844 6 887 54 664 26 692 27 972 Mamushë 628 564 5 513 2 834 2 679 Mitrovicë* 17 156 13 087 71 601 36 175 35 426 Novobërdë 2 495 1 445 6 720 3 481 3 239 Obiliq 5 363 3 848 21 548 10 876 10 672 Partesh 629 418 1 787 924 863 Pejë 24 081 17 492 95 723 47 828 47 895 Podujevë 17 578 13 316 87 933 44 725 43 208 Prishtinë 58 849 40 292 198 214 99 125 99 089 Prizren 37 557 29 458 178 112 89 460 88 652 Rahovec 10 769 8 028 55 053 27 986 27 067 Ranillug 1 312 932 3 785 1 929 1 856 Shtërpcë 2 183 1 473 6 913 3 537 3 376
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Population Municipality Residences Households Total Males Females Shtime 6 074 4 150 27 288 13 839 13 449 Skenderaj 10 311 7 743 51 317 25 879 25 438 Suharekë 12 679 9 132 59 702 29 482 30 220 Viti 11 218 7 513 46 959 23 672 23 287 Vushtrri 14 859 11 787 69 881 36 026 33 855 Zubin Potok - - - - - Zveçan - - - - - Total 403 459 295 070 1 733 872 873 598 860 274 Table 7.1 Source: REKOS 2011 – Previous Results * Only part of this municipality was not included in the registration2011
In this case, emphasized the importance of multidimensional data that will have a positive impact in many areas of development, such as economic, education, demography, scientific research, development of municipalities, and other areas. Also, these data provide analysis and planning based on figures socio-economic which were absent for a long time.
Regarding the European orientation of the Kosovo Government, we are confident that these data will be used for policy planning and better services for the citizens of Kosovo, in line with the Stabilization and Association Agenda. These provide a framework for good governance, allowing governments to make policy planning, informed, transparent and accountable manner. Published data provide detailed information and correct for the general population by municipality and updated basic information on household, demographic and socio- economic populations.
The European Union has invested 6 million euro in the census process, while the total budget was around 10 million euro. Apart from the financial side, the EU has provided support for the Census in Kosovo through Technical Assistance Project (EUCEP), and the inclusion of EUROSTAT in establishing and leading the International Monitoring Operation (IMO) Page 64 of 88
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7.4 Participation of the Serbian community in the census in 2011
During the operation of the Municipal Census Commission (MCC's) by the MRC in three (3) municipalities of Kosovo: Zvecan, Leposavic and Zubin Potok were not raised.
The reason were because the leaders of these municipalities were not legitimate (they were not selected by local elections organized by the Kosovo institutions) and at the same time had expressed unwillingness to participate in the census. MCC did not function which is mean the nonparticipation in the census. In order to participate in the registration of these municipalities, the Budget Committee had proposed that UNOPS should organize the registration in these municipalities under the same methodology applied in other parts of Kosova's.
Developed a long discussion (lead by the European Commission) with representatives of the Serb community in this part until he was given of extra time but without concrete results. Therefore, these three municipalities are not included in registration conducted on April 2011.
In other municipalities had no rejection except in some cases where members of the Serb community had been reluctant to register on time. For this, the request of some municipalities (mainly Serb community) is seeking extension of registration for four days so registration in 7 municipalities (Pristina, Prizren, Decani, Gracanica, Partes, Kllokoti and Shtërpca) is continuing until the date April 18, 2011. Delay for a few days did not have influence statistically until the goal was to give the opportunity to add a few days more to include in the census. Based on daily reports, based on data from the field which are compared with data from maps, based on reports of Municipal Commission of registration, after analyzing the survey post registration, processing of data and connection of GIS data will be issued with accurate results about coverage and inclusiveness. According to census data we have included approximately 98-99% of the population (except the Serb community in the three municipalities mentioned above and in some cases that did not want to participate). Page 65 of 88
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Chapter 8 - Evaluation of the project and data comparison with other registration and statistical facts
Within these preparatory activities all the instruments were prepared in Albanian, Serbian, Turkish and English language and also the trainings were given in these languages depending on the community and this was an encouraging activity for communities in Kosovo.
During the functioning of Registration Municipal Commission (RMC) from the side of CRC in three (3) municipalities of Kosovo: Zvecani, Leposaviqi and Zubin Potoku there was no establishment of the RMC.
This was because the municipal leaders of these municipalities were not legitime (were not selected from the local elections organized by Kosovo institutions) and in the same time there was not interest from the community living there for participating in the registration. Not functioning of RMC underlined also the not participation on the registration. Aiming to participate in the registration process these municipalities, the Steering Committee of the Budget proposed to UNOPS to organize the registration according to the same methodology as in other parts of Kosovo. There were long discussion done (leaded by the European Commission) with the representative of Serbian community by giving extended period of time just to realize the registration but this did not brought any result. Therefore, these three municipalities that did not participate in the census realized on April 2011.
In other municipalities of Kosovo there was no refusal except on the cases when the Serbian community members hesitated initially to participate. Therefore, with the request of some municipalities (mainly Serbian municipalities) the extension of the deadline was requested for 4 days more concretely therefore the registration in 7 municipalities (Prishtina, Ferizaj, Deçani, Graçanica, Parteshi, Kllokoti and Shtërpca) was extended Page 66 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” until 18th of April 2011. The extension for several days in statistical aspect did not have any impact while the goal was to give additional time and chance to all to be involved in the registration process.
Based on the daily reports and data from the field that were compared with the data from the maps, based on the Municipality Commission reports, after the analysis of the post- registering questionnaire, processing of the data and linkage of GIS data there will be some accurate results regarding the coverage and compressively.
According to the data received so far in the registration are included around 98-99% of the population (expect Serbian community in three above mentioned municipalities and in some cases when the individuals did not want to participate). In absence of the data base (different registers) and by knowing that the collection of some indicators before the registration was crucial in the selection aspect process of the personnel, dividing documents and material in District Registration level (forms, guidelines, maps, etc) the organization of the trainings, SOK on the year 2009 had realized the project called “Upgrading of DR” where all the data bases from district registration was collected including the above mentioned municipalities. The collection of the data base was done by paying a visit to the families door to door with the shorten questionnaires (shorten registration) for a period of time of 1.5 months on the field. The engaged personnel in this project was organized like the scheme used during the registration: main trainers, supervisors, controllers and registers. Registers and controllers were selected from their zones-residence. The project was realized from a private operator (while the supervision was done by SOK). During the registration shorten forms were used, updated maps (record of the year 2008) with the formats that were used for up to now registrations and their guidelines as well. In the same time in this form was recorded (counted) only the resident population.
Data are controlled, processed, analyzed and are taken necessary indicators from this shorten registration. These data were published and are used from the involved personnel
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“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” in the process (SOK) and other personnel that worked and monitored the population census. Data resulting from this “Shorten Registration” if we compare with the data resulting from the population census on (2011) were very close with each other and it was hard to tell the differences taking as a base comparison the period (referring date) when this project was realized. In many municipalities the data from the year 2009 compared to the data on 2011 were similar with a difference of less than 1%.
Data from “Shorten Registration” of the year 2009 speak that Kosovo has 1. 802.971 inhabitants while from the census on (2011) the population number of Kosovo was in total 1.733.872 when we add the data from three northern Kosovo municipalities and Mitrovica (assessment done in year 2009) than the general number of the population of Kosovo is around 1.780.097 inhabitants and if we add data taken from the municipalities (final reports) where part of Serbs hesitated to participate in the registration (around 15 thousand inhabitants) than data of 2009 compared to the ones on the registration on 2011 are almost identical with an error margin of less than 1%.
In addition the data from previous questionnaires (2002-2009) that SOK realized, world bank (including northern municipalities) give the same number of households and population of Kosovo.
Therefore, SOK will evaluate these three municipalities and include them on their publication with the data for all the territory of Kosovo.
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Chapter 9- Process Evaluation of the population registration
Kosovo has respected international standards for registration and data’s from the registration will be comparable to other countries and accepted internationally. This standards is very important for the statistics institutions and other native institutions.
Data resulting from the registration will be important for the drafting of the strategy and demographic projections and as well will influence in many fields in plan compilation and strategies of domestic institutions and international ones.
To evaluate the process of the registration in general including different phases are prepared reports, and conducted analysis where all the domestic and international institution reports are included. The conclusion of the assessment would be a great help for such projects and in the next registration by analysis advantages and disadvantages f the process. In the population census are taken the evaluations of the personnel and institutions involved in the project.
In these assessments different documents are taken as a base and are involved majority of the personnel that was involved in the population registration such as: main personnel 56 persons, over 115 supervisors, over 306 members of RMC, 14 members of CRC, representatives of MPA, representatives from the Government of Kosovo, international institutions that monitored the registration, donors and the opinions, debated and different articles written during the process of the registration which activities have analyzed and evaluated the process.
In addition, critical assessments of the institutions and persons that were involved in the registration (in preparatory phase but not after), also political parties gave their opinion and other Kosovar institutions. Critical evaluations for the process as a base had the not
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Based on the circumstances when the registration was happening, based on the reports and factual documents the population registration process in the organization, methodology and qualitative aspect beside some remarks the evaluation of the registration of the population was considered as a successful project which fulfilled the standards for an appropriate registration which evaluation will be assessed from further phases.
In addition we have realized a research for Municipality of Prishtina where we will conduct analyses as a case study which you can find in following paragraphs.
9.1. Focus on municipality – Questionnaire after the registration
With the goal to evaluate the registration as the main instrument the questionnaire after the registration was selected to achieve this goal.
The purpose of this questionnaire was to evaluate the coverage and quality of the data.
During the period 18 April until 26 of April 2011 the post-registering questionnaire was conducted which questionnaire included 20 registration districts or around 3200 households. Municipalities did not have access on the distribution around the sample and this questionnaire was realized with a completely different personnel.
The quality of the data from the population and households registration is final, among others to build public trust and to improve the understanding of statistical office. The goal of the registration evaluation is to ensure the users with a level of trust when you use the data and the mistakes from the registration results should be explained.
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In general, the population registration process was admitted by many people that it was not perfect and mistakes could have happened in all the phases of the registration process. Mistakes in the registration results are classified in two general categories – mistakes in coverage and content.
Mistakes in the coverage are mistakes that happen because of the residuals or duplications of the persons or dwelling units of households during the registration. Mistakes in the content are mistakes done by incorrect reporting or in writing characteristics of the persons, households and dwelling mentioned in the registration.
There are many methods to evaluate the mistake in the coverage and content. Among others in these methods is the post-questionnaire which is a very important method and specific one in the evaluation of registration data.
For the first time in the history of self-registration, Kosovo implemented the method After-the Registration Questionnaire. This report determines that APR implements and evaluates its objectives. Beside this, the manual includes elements of: sample design, questionnaire design, planning and implementation of APR; comparison; field approvability; Double Evaluation System (DES); table forms and the main results of the APR and the care that should be given in the interpretation of these results.
Size of the sample for the APR is defined by law and is limited up to 0.5% of the population . Unique referring frame in disposal to draw a sample was based also in the latest version of the registration districts. Among 23 DR in the sample where included 20 which could be used for APR, three others belonging to smaller zone of Kosovo are not included in the registration process. The small size of the sample is considered as the biggest limit of APR in Kosovo and this limited also the evaluation in the national level. Quality of the registration data of the population and households is crucial among others to built public trust and in the understanding of the official statistics. Purpose of the evaluation of the registration is to
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In general, the population registration process was admitted by many people that it was not perfect and mistakes could have happened in all the phases of the registration process. Mistakes in the registration results are classified in two general categories – mistakes in coverage and content.
Mistakes in the coverage are mistakes that happen because of the residuals or duplications of the persons or dwelling units of households during the registration. Mistakes in the content are mistakes done by incorrect reporting or in writing characteristics of the persons, households and dwelling mentioned in the registration.
There are many methods to evaluate the mistake in the coverage and content. Among others in these methods is the post-questionnaire which is a very important method and specific one in the evaluation of registration data.
For the first time in the history of self-registration, Kosovo implemented the method After-the Registration Questionnaire. This report determines that APR implements and evaluates its objectives. Beside this, the manual includes elements of: sample design, questionnaire design, planning and implementation of APR; comparison; field approvability; Double Evaluation System (DES); table forms and the main results of the APR and the care that should be given in the interpretation of these results.
Size of the sample for the APR is defined by law and is limited up to 0.5% of the population.
Referring Unique Frame for the sample on disposal to draw the sample size was also based in the latest version of the registration from the district registrations that reaches 4,681 for all the territory of Kosovo. Among 23 DR in the sample where included 20
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9.2 Case Study in the Municipality of Prishtina
Municipality of Prishtina, in the same time the Capital city of Republic of Kosovo in the registration done on 2011, had in total 198.897 inhabitants.
Population according to the municipalities (2011)
Figure 9.1 Source: Population according to Municipalities (2011), SOK25
We mentioned several times that this population registration in Kosovo was realized after 30 years. Until now we had different evaluation for the number of inhabitants in the Municipality of Prishtina.
City population of Prishtina in the after-war period has been assessed with a big number , by reaching in many cases around 500-600 thousand inhabitants. Of course this number
24 Evaluation of Registration results through questionnaire post-registration, Prishtina, 2011. 25 http://census.rks-gov.net/istarMDAS/MD/dawinciMD.jsp?p=hm1 Page 73 of 88
“Evaluation of the 2011 Kosovo Population Census” cannot be correct at all, since based in the professional evaluations the number of the pupils in Prishtina according to the SOK, taken from the MEST , in the year school 2003/2004 was 23.900 pupils. Even if we multiply this number with factor 10 which is very high for a city we would come to the number 250 thousand inhabitants, according to the SOK evaluations26.
IN the year 1999, KFOR officers suggested that Prishtina has over half a million inhabitants27, this was not a result of any study of the population, it was just their suggestion based on their impression on the first months after the war . This impression became the absolute truth very easy and in addition this number was mentioned from OSCE as well in their yearly publishing on “municipality profile28” where according to an evaluation Prishtina had 564,800 inhabitants. The same amount was used by other organization and Kosovo institutions, including here the municipality of Prishtina itself. The citizens agreed immediately; finally their capital city reached the size it deserved and left behind the image of a small city.
However, all the statistical studies suggested that Prishtina had only 200,000 inhabitants. Serbian leaving the country in Prishtina, and the emigration of Prishtina citizens was balanced with the coming of new citizens from all other places of Kosovo, but did not exceeded the amount as it was thought. One report on the year 2006 of the organization Kosovo Initiative for Stability (KIS) and the European Initiative for Stability (EIS) came for the first time with an analysis with statistical sources for the inhabitants number in the municipality of Prishtina29.
26 Statistic Analysis for Kosovo for the recent period; Statistics Office in Kosovo (ESK), February 2008. 27 2001 figures from KFOR – MNB (c) and for minority figures OSCE/UNHCR ‘Situation of Ethnic Minorities in Kosovo’, February 2001. 28 OSCE Pristina municipal profile, June 2006, page 2 (Table 1.1). 29 Utopist visions – Government failures in municipality of Prishtina; Discussion paper, June 2006. Balkan Trust for Democracy and Austrian Erste Bank Privatstiftung Page 74 of 88
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The first source was the study of the Directorship for Civil Protection and Emergencies (Municipality of Prishtina) had done this on 2003. In order to learn the characteristics of the population of Prishtina to draft plans for evacuation in emergency cases they have organized teams to go door to door and fill the family cards with the basic information for the citizens. They assessed that they achieved to cover only 70-80% of the inhabitants. The others were not found at home or for other reasons they could not register them. Taking this into consideration, Prishtina had around 230,000 inhabitants.
The second source was the water company number of which is multiplied with the average number of a family in Prishtina (around 5.7) which gives the amount of 200,000.
The third source was the voting register (inhabitants over 18) and the number of pupils in the primary schools and secondary ones (inhabitants under 18 years old), with the collection of these number we come to the conclusion that Prishtina has around 200,000 inhabitants.
This report was deficient but at least it was based on statistical sources and not international impressions and citizens opinions. As such, the authors hoped to initiate public debate regarding the information that are the main base for Prishtina governance.
In the year 2008, Statistical Office in Kosovo came with a similar assessment for the inhabitant number. The municipality of Prishtina according to the “Vital Statistical Analysis for the period, June 2008” had around 241,280 inhabitants30.
In the year 2011, the population census confirmed once more that Prishtina does not have more than 200,000 inhabitants. However, as for the usage of these numbers as a base for the governance of 34 territorial units where the registration included all the inhabitants, these numbers should not be questioned. On 29th of September, it was confirmed the well processed situation of the population census by International Monitoring Operation
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(IMO), consisting of European Commission (Eurostat), European Council and other organizations. Table 9.1: Population – Kosovo (Territorial Separation:Administrative) Year 2011 Nr. Municipality Population
1 Deçan 40019 2 Gjakovë 94556 3 Gllogoc 58531 4 Gjilan 90178 5 Dragash 33997 6 Istog 39289 7 Kaçanik 33409 8 Klinë 38496 9 Fushë Kosovë 34827 10 Kamenicë 36085 11 Mitrovicë 71909 12 Leposaviq 0 13 Lipjan 57605 14 Novobërdë 6729 15 Obiliq 21549 16 Rahovec 56208 17 Pejë 96450 18 Podujevë 88499 19 Pristina 198897 20 Prizren 177781 21 Skenderaj 50858 22 Shtime 27324 23 Shtërpcë 6949 24 Suharekë 59722 25 Ferizaj 108610 26 Viti 46987 27 Vushtrri 69870 28 Zubin Potok 0 29 Zveçan 0 30 Malishevë 54613 31 Junik 6084 32 Mamushë 5507 33 Hani i Elezit 9403 34 Graçanicë 10675 35 Ranillug 3866 36 Partesh 1787 37 Kllokot 2556 Total Kosovo 1739825
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Figure 9.2 Source: Population according to the municipalities (2011), SOK31
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Claiming on the fact that Prishtina is the capital city of Kosovo, and also the state administration is focused in Prishtina, and the universities as well we can conclude that Prishtina has internal daily and weekly migrations. This is proved by the fact from the research where from the questioned persons we can see that 57.2% come from other cities and only 42.8% are residents in Prishtina.
Figure 9.3. City where the questioned persons live With a temporary residence in Prishtina are declared 61.9%, while 38.1% live in other cities of Kosovo.
Figure 9.4 City where you actually live
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According to this research the participation in the population registration as the responders are declared is 96.1%. While 3.9% of the questioned did not participate at all in the registration held on 2011.
Figure 9.5 Place where they are registered during the registration process on 2011
Over half of the responders 51.2% of the questioned in municipality of Prishtina, during the process of the registration are registered outside of Prishtina in other localities where they live. The proves that the results from Prishtina are accurate and reliable since a big percentage of citizens come to Prishtina for education or work purposes only
When we add the earlier registrations in the Municipality of Prishtina, it had 94 localities under management. While now has only 43 which makes us understand that the result from the registration 2011 are credible and reliable.
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9.3. Increase and reduction of population number in the Municipality of Prishtina according to certain period and Administrative Territorial Changes
Residence 1948 - 1953 1953 - 1961 1961 - 1971 1971 - 1981 1948 – 1981 Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr Prishtina 8889 16,61 26039 34,05 50000 49 58412 38,25 145568 211,95 1 Hadja 141 14,3 280 24,85 426 30,28 459 25,04 1306 132,46 2 Hajvalia 321 73,63 435 57,47 504 42,29 1337 78,84 2597 595,65 3 Hajkobilla 65 13,6 3 0,56 -22 -4,03 -106 -20,23 -60 -12,55 4 Harilaqi 30 9,87 77 23,06 136 33,09 80 14,63 323 106,25 5 Babimovci 60 8,75 -1 -0,13 149 20 183 20,47 391 57 6 Badovci 70 60,35 485 260,76 -391 -58,27 21 7,5 185 159,49 7 Bakshia 33 15,35 15 6,05 102 38,79 128 35,07 278 129,91 8 Ballabani -79 -11,6 46 7,65 -34 -5,24 -97 -15,79 -164 -24,08 9 Barileva 119 14,84 135 14,66 318 30,12 448 32,61 1020 127,19 10 Batusha 36 9,66 10 2,45 39 9,31 32 6,99 117 31,37 11 Besia 38 17,76 13 5,16 85 32,08 130 37,15 266 124,3 12 Bostani 144 35,04 201 36,22 61 8,07 165 20,2 571 138,93 13 Breynica 36 4,12 141 15,5 286 27,22 361 27 824 94,28 14 Bresja 84 16,91 196 33,74 681 87,65 -474 -32,51 487 97,99 15 Businja 44 5,15 39 4,34 79 8,43 95 9,35 257 30,06 16 Sllatina e 71 11,44 150 21,68 425 50,48 308 24,31 954 153,63 Madhe 17 Bellaçevci i 113 9,6 255 19,77 715 46,28 571 25,27 1654 140,53 Madh 18 Vragolia 35 8,75 115 26,44 237 43,09 301 38,25 688 172 19 Vranidoli 91 27,5 105 24,89 112 21,26 176 27,55 484 146,23 20 Gllogovica 32 7,13 68 14,4 61 11,12 -52 -8,52 109 24,28 21 Bërnica e 61 11,03 86 14,01 172 24,58 191 21,91 510 92,23 Epërme 22 Miradia e 47 8,32 166 27,13 352 45,25 209 18,5 774 137 Epërme 23 Grabovci i 18 6,82 74 26,25 86 24,16 112 25,34 290 109,85 Epërm Page 80 of 88
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Residence 1948 - 1953 1953 - 1961 1961 - 1971 1971 - 1981 1948 – 1981 Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % 24 Graçanica 153 14,08 651 52,5 1587 83,93 1051 30,22 3442 316,66 25 Grashtica 30 4,28 126 17,24 49 5,72 27 2,98 232 33,1 26 Dabishevci 80 14,72 107 17,15 -4 -0,54 -133 -18,29 50 9,2 27 Devetjugoviqi 20 4,32 4 0,83 -78 -16,01 143 34,97 89 19,23 28 Lismiri 169 12,83 124 20,43 190 26 134 14,55 517 96,1 29 Dobrosella 5 14,29 22 55 ------30 Bërnica e 67 14,26 72 13,41 6 0,99 62 10,09 207 44,05 Poshtme 31 Miradia e 97 30,13 136 32,46 283 50,99 278 33,18 794 246,59 Poshtme 32 Grabovci i 81 38,43 27 4,15 199 29,31 291 33,15 598 104,73 Poshtëm 33 Dragovci 55 12,53 86 17,41 3 9 6,73 -70 -11,3 110 25,06 34 Drenovci 39 15,6 18 6,23 64 20,85 111 29,92 232 92,8 35 Eneja 19 8,37 117 47,56 96 26,45 118 25,71 350 154,19 36 Zabinca 90 20,27 65 12,18 -8 -1,33 -186 -31,47 -39 -8,78 37 Zllatari -2 -2,04 12 12,5 32 29,63 52 37,15 94 95,92 38 Izvori 76 12,34 94 13,95 45 5,86 -105 -12,91 108 18 39 Jasenoviku 66 12,95 20 3,48 -17 -2,85 -158 -27,28 -89 -17,45 40 Keçekolla 149 14,82 47 4,07 40 3,33 -69 -5,55 167 16,6 41 Kllobukari 38 7,71 62 11,68 21 3,55 -94 -15,31 27 5,48 42 Kolovica 35 12,64 56 17,95 126 34,24 -95 -19,23 122 44,05 43 Koliqi 103 6,54 57 3,4 11 0,64 -125 -7,15 46 2,92 44 Fushë Kosova 275 32,47 1301 115,96 4569 188,57 5488 78,49 11633 1373,4 4 45 Krushevci 328 65,21 224 26,96 357 33,84 340 24,08 1349 248,31 46 Kuzmini 50 12,05 51 10,97 -14 -2,71 34 6,78 121 29,16 47 Kukavica 15 9,09 -22 -12,22 -4 -2,53 -42 -27,27 -53 -32,12 48 Llabjani 40 8,61 -6 -1,18 47 9,42 132 24,18 213 45,81 49 Llazareva -31 -31 29 42,03 38 38,78 52 38,24 88 88 50 Llaplesella 79 9,27 111 11,91 29 2,78 139 12,97 358 41,97 51 Lebana -14 -8,91 79 55,25 15 6,76 54 22,79 134 85,35 52 Leshkoshiqi 96 21,53 90 16,61 112 17,73 182 24,47 480 107,63 53 Llukarja 53 16,78 60 16,26 102 23,78 115 21,66 330 104,43 54 Mazgiti 121 31,27 161 31,7 519 77,58 652 54,89 1453 375,46 55 Sllatina e Vogël 39 31,2 40 24,39 98 48,04 176 58,28 353 282,4 56 Ballaçevci i 33 15,87 17 7,06 95 36,83 147 41,65 292 140,39 Page 81 of 88
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Residence 1948 - 1953 1953 - 1961 1961 - 1971 1971 - 1981 1948 – 1981 Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Vogël 57 Manishinci 29 18,71 45 24,46 17 7,43 -43 -17,48 48 30,97 58 Marevci 251 8,81 -123 -3,96 7 0,24 -532 -17,82 -397 -13,93 59 Makovci 23 5,12 88 18,61 68 12,13 145 23,06 324 72 60 Matiçani 18 6,34 50 16,56 260 73,87 534 87,26 862 303,53 61 Millosheva 33 5,66 142 23,06 218 28,76 427 33,51 720 123,5 62 Mramori 176 11,07 -74 -4,18 14 0,83 -30 -1,75 86 5,41 63 Nakarada 7 8,54 180 202,25 396 147,22 474 71,28 1057 1289,0 3 64 Nishevci 188 56,8 54 10,41 35 6,11 -175 -28,78 102 30,82 65 Novobërda 11 4,75 -6 -2,47 57 24,05 -2 -0,68 60 25,87 66 Novosella -2 -0,85 73 31,33 ------67 Obiliqi 396 32,54 2033 126,04 3260 89,42 1815 26,29 7504 616,6 68 Orlloviqi -32 -17,39 163 107,24 281 89,21 245 41,11 657 357,07 69 Plemetini 98 14,94 175 23,21 274 29,5 384 31,92 931 141,92 70 Pomozotini 14 8,05 30 15,96 101 46,33 136 42,64 281 161,5 71 Prekovci 59 12,94 82 15,93 24 4,02 -31 -4,99 134 29,39 72 Prellci 43 10,05 49 10,41 65 12,5 75 12,82 234 54,21 73 Prishtina 4450 22,67 14512 60,27 30921 80,12 39694 57,11 89577 456,31 74 Prapashtica 149 16,92 48 4,66 -74 -6,86 -64 -6,37 59 6,7 75 Prugovci 93 15,4 194 27,84 366 41,08 407 32,38 1060 175,5 76 Radoshevci 30 15,63 7 3,16 6 2,62 -90 -38,29 -47 -24,48 77 Raskova 35 17,59 45 19,23 71 25,45 102 29,15 253 127,14 78 Rimanishtja 36 9,21 110 25,77 56 10,43 87 14,68 289 173,92 79 Miniera Kosova 131 42,13 37 8,38 -75 -15,15 -142 -35,14 -49 -15,75 80 Sibovci 72 10,67 195 26,11 247 26,22 290 24,39 804 119,12 81 Siçeva 14 5,43 37 13,61 72 23,3 41 10,77 164 63,57 82 Slivova 42 13,25 -5 -1,39 82 23,17 24 5,51 143 45,11 83 Sofalia 18 13,85 24 16,22 42 24,42 221 103,28 305 234,62 84 Sushica -32 -5,56 214 39,41 -39 -5,15 29 4,04 172 29,92 85 Teneshdolli 5 3,13 9 5,46 14 8,05 70 37,24 98 61,25 86 Tërniçevci 37 19,08 48 20,78 -16 -5,73 -74 -28,13 -5 -2,57 87 Truda 6 3,32 76 40,65 26 47,91 131 33,68 339 187,3 88 Uglari 87 14,63 66 9,68 15 2,01 176 23,07 344 57,82 89 Hamidia 18 17,65 -7 -5,83 21 18,59 69 51,5 101 99,02 90 Ceravodica 72 10,77 48 6,48 77 9,76 844 97,46 1041 155,61
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Residence 1948 - 1953 1953 - 1961 1961 - 1971 1971 - 1981 1948 – 1981 Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % Nr. % 91 Çagllavica 76 15,3 56 9,78 86 13,68 171 23,92 389 78,27 92 Sharbani 38 25,68 37 19,9 100 44,85 -5 -1,54 170 114,87 93 Shashkovci 35 10,71 78 21,55 21 4,78 29 6,29 163 49,85 94 Shipitulla ^ Table 9.2 Source: Bulletin 3, 1975, EKS, Prishtina, 1976 and the Initial Results of the registration of P.E.SH.B. 1981, Bulletin 14, Prishtina 1981, (processed by the author).
Table 9.3: Population - Prishtina (Territorial Separation: Administrative) year 2011
Nr. RESIDENCE Population 1 Ballaban 167 2 Barilevë 2212 3 Bërnicë e Epërme 1595 4 Bërnicë e Poshtme 549 5 Besi 694 6 Busi 814 7 Çagllavicë 4233 8 Dabishec 108 9 Dragoc 178 10 Drenoc 590 11 Gllogovicë 74 12 Grashticë 433 13 Hajkobillë 72 14 Hajvali 7391 15 Keçekollë 484 16 Koliq 466 17 Kolovicë 2545 18 Kukavicë 17 19 Lebanë 398 20 Llukar 1579 21 Makoc 997 22 Marec 432 23 Matiçan 13876 24 Mramor 1073 25 Nëntë Jugoviq 2229 26 Nishec 55 27 Orlloviq 1035 28 Prapashticë 240 Page 83 of 88
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29 Pristina 145149 30 Prugoc 2168 31 Radashec 29 32 Rimanishtë 595 33 Sinidol 959 34 Siqevë 337 35 Slivovë 257 36 Sofali 1767 37 Sharban 317 38 Shashkoc 298 39 Teneshdoll 359 40 Trudë 694 41 Vranidoll 1053 42 Zllash 146 43 Zllatar 233 Total Pristina 198897 Source: Population according to the Municipalities (2011), KSA32
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CHAPTER 10 - Discussion
These are the main recommendations, based on the current experience, reports received from municipalities, international organizations, other institutions, local organizations and individuals with the aim to have better access for such projects and for future registrations:
1. Preparations for the census should start no later than 5 years in advance, while intensive preparations should start 2 years before the census initiation. Changes in the supervising and professional staff should be acceptable since they have major impact in the project. Internal and external communication system should be more intensive and open.
2. There should be more consultations with the data users by involving them in several phases of the census. Also the main users such as statistical office of Kosova as well as the experts and experienced personnel, should be involved before the finalizations of the questionnaires and main documents by being more transparent in the process and by conducting an awareness campaign only for the questionnaires content. All the documents should be finalized 6 months before the registration. Maps should be updated (orthophoto or satellite images not older than 1 year). Maps should be linked with the address system.
3. Data should be collected from other administrative sources at least 2 years in advance and there should be an updated base in a period of 2 years before the registration starts. Decisions by the Government should be taken in the appropriated time. Municipal commissions should be active at least 6 months before the registration based on the need for consultations and joint activity development. The role and tasks should be clear for RMC especially the organization and qualitative aspect. The number of the RMC members should be different depending on the population number in the municipality by taking into
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consideration also space distribution of that certain municipality. Number of controllers and supervisors should be different especially in the larger urban living areas.
4. Clear separation of registrations zones in the larger living urban areas should be made according to the detailed plan. Proposals for the selection of the registers should be done (if possible) from the lowest organization levels (local communities, residences) and the selection should be done by the municipality.
5. There should be the option of involving experienced personnel – currently working during 1.5month period of time. They should have less obligations from daily activities and be involved in the process. As the main criteria should be that the registers should come from that district registration. Payments should be at least 50% higher from the average salary in the country. Trainings for the registers should last 7 days Trainings for the controllers (based on the key role in the process) should be trained 8-10 days Trainings for the supervisors should be at least 5 days Registration in the field should last only 3 weeks while the registers contract should be at least for 1.5 months. Awareness campaign should include bigger number of personalities that will discuss in favor of registration. There should be more consulting with the communities. Budget should be transferred to the municipalities based on the set of criteria’s in advance such as: number of registration districts, populations, buildings, distance since they would cover the payments for the personnel also in the logistical aspect. Budget should be transferred not later than 5 months before the registration starts. There should be high penalties for not functioning and not implementing recommendations that are given from the statistical office. Page 86 of 88
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References
Bulletin 3, 1975, EKS, Prishtina, 1976 and initial results of the registration of P.E.SH.B. 1981, Bulletin 14, Prishtina 1981.
SZS, Popisa Result15. III. 1948 godine, knjiga IX, Stanovnistva po narodnosti, Beograd 1954, p. 243
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IDN-CDI “Stanovnistvo” br. 3-4/1990, i 1-2/1991, Beograd, 1992
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A systematic approach to automatic edit and imputation. Fellegi, I.P., and Holt, D., Journal of the American Statistical Association, 71, 17-35 (1976)
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Evaluating Censuses of Population and Housing Census US Census Bureau, Statistical Training Document, ISP-TR-5, 1985
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Principles and Recommendations for Population and Housing Censuses, Revision 2. Sales No.E.07.XVII.8, United Nations, New York, 2008; http://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesM/Seriesm_67rev2e.pdf
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Two algorithms for Error Localization Problems. Scarnò M and Caramanna L., 45th Scientific Meeting of the Italian Statistical Society (2010); http://adamsoft.caspur.it/English/Guide.html
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