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SO-Cover Copy.Indd HABITATS Modern and Historic Iconic residences redefine the style of New England • by Nell Porter Brown mony with the surrounding environment. The rising profile of these sites, and the work of preser- vation groups, can be seen as harbingers of a shifting per- spective on modern aesthet- ics in a part of the country most identified with white- steepled churches, colonial village greens, and fabled red- brick universities (although even Harvard has its share of modern edginess; see page 50). “The average layperson does not see New England as a hotbed of modernism,” says David Fixler, president of DOCOMOMO/New Eng- The celebrated Glass land, a branch, founded in House would startle 1997, of the Paris-based group pious Puritans and that advocates for modern ar- Newport nabobs alike. chitecture. “But in fact, all of the great, internationally rec- ognized leaders of the mod- ore than 500 people turned for the preservation of modern architec- ern movement did work in New England.” out in June for the inaugural ture, art, and landscape.” That includes Bauhaus founder Walter gala picnic at Philip Johnson’s The Johnson house may be the Gropius (who taught for years at the Har- Glass House, in New Canaan, showiest example of modernism in New vard Graduate School of Design after MConnecticut. The long-awaited event England, but it is far from the only one. leaving Nazi Germany), as well as Frank raised $750,000 for further preservation of The majority of modern residences are in Lloyd Wright, Le Corbusier, Alvar Aalto, the most celebrated modern house in the private hands, but several are open to the and Ludwig Mies van der Rohe. But Fix- Northeast. Public tours are sold out into public, including the one-story, red tile- ler is quick to note that modernist archi- parts of next year, as people from around roofed Zimmerman House in Manchester, tects Edwin Goodell (who designed Field the world plan pilgrimages to the site. New Hampshire, a late work by Frank Farm) and Henry Hoover, M.Arch. ’26, The deceptively simple transparent Lloyd Wright; the eccentric Frelinghuy- built homes in New England that predate box, held up by slim steel pillars, was sen Morris House in Lenox, Massachu- Gropius’s arrival. “Many people don’t re- completed in 1949 and served as Johnson’s setts, built in the International style and alize that the seeds of modernism were home, with the lush grounds his canvas, lived in as a showcase for the collection of here before Gropius,” explains Fixler, until he died in 2005. In all, the estate abstract art of its longtime owners; and who lives in a Hoover-designed 1949 boasts 14 experimental structures unfet- two adjacent dwellings, Field Farm home in Weston, Massachusetts. Yet it tered by “clients, function, and money,” as (open as a bed and breakfast) and The would be hard to overstate the influence Johnson ’27, B.Arch. ’43, once said, and is Folly, on pastoral acreage in Williams- of Gropius and his colleagues Marcel now operated by the National Trust for town, Massachusetts, which o≠er prime Breuer and Walter Bogner on a slew of Historic Preservation as a public monu- examples of one of modernism’s central younger Harvard-trained architects, in- ment and museum and a central “catalyst tenets: that structures be designed in har- cluding Edward Larrabee Barnes ’38, 32F September - October 2007 Photograph by Eirik Johnson/the Glass House NEW ENGLAND REGIONAL SECTION B.Arch. ’42; Ulrich Franzen, M.Arch. ’48; ums, but one of its most popular destina- because the structures were built John Johansen ’39, B.Arch. ’42; Carl Koch tions is the 1938 home of Gropius himself specifically for the landscape, and we are ’34, M.Arch. ’37; Eliot Noyes ’32, M.Arch. in Lincoln, Massachusetts, which at- a land-conservation organization, we are ’38; I.M. Pei, M.Arch. ’46; and Paul Ru- tracts visitors from around the world. interested in preserving them together.” dolph, M.Arch. ’47—all of whom went on The organization is now developing a re- The group has also recently taken on a to design buildings around New England. gional reference database showcasing 1950 house in Concord designed by The residential works by selected modernist Architects’ Collaborative (TAC), Gropi- Now that “modernism,” under the 50- architects. “There is a strong research in- us’s Cambridge firm, which is currently year guideline, also means “historic,” terest in our collections,” Zimmerman used as a rental property. some regional preservation groups have says, “and in our property holdings and Newer grassroots groups such as the begun to grapple with how to treat the in our archives.” Friends of Modern Architecture in Lin- newest additions to the local historic The Trustees of Reservations, a stal- coln, Massachusetts, are also educating landscape: the modernist homes built wart land-conservation group, operates their fellow residents and drawing atten- from the 1930s through the 1950s. “These not only Field Farm—the 1948 Bauhaus- tion to preservation issues around mod- houses tend to be isolated in their set- era home built by the MIT-trained Good- ern homes. In addition to the Gropius tings—like the Glass House—and are ell, which is complete with many original house, Lincoln has more than 100 private set pieces in a larger landscape,” notes furnishings, artwork, and a sculpture gar- custom-built modern dwellings, and has Sally Zimmerman, preservation special- den—but also The Folly, designed in 1964 been a hothouse for architectural devel- ist at the nonprofit organization Historic by Ulrich Franzen, which is now open as opment, says FOMA cofounder and presi- New England. “There, the preservation a museum only. “The whole property is a dent Dana Robbat, A.L.M. ’02, who is is of a masterwork and the house is wonderful teaching tool, especially be- writing a book about European mod- treated as an artifact. You don’t destroy cause we can compare the two buildings ernism and its impact on New England. it because it is a wonderful art object.” in discussions on postwar American The group sponsors receptions, private Historic New England archives artifacts architecture,” says the Trustees’ historic- house tours, and panel discussions, such and operates three dozen house muse- resources manager, Will Garrison. “And as an event last April on renovating and Premier Properties WEST CAMBRIDGE 64 Mount Vernon Spectacular Land & Home Situated on a beautifully landscaped double lot, this renovated 6-bedroom Victorian in JP’s Pondside area features gracious rooms, open floor plan, period detail, gorgeous modern Exquisitely renovated with tasteful detail. On prestigiouspg Avon Hill, this magnifi g cently y kitchen & baths, updated windows & systems. Showcase kitchen and family room. Over rehabbed duplexpg offers an elegant and Mature plantings, water fountains, ivy-covered 2,000 sf with 2+ bedrooms. Two decks and sophisticatedpgp home for the discriminating buyer.yppy 4+ bedrooms, 3 baths, private patio arbor and a large rear deck provide a lush, garage parking. Walk to the park, shops, & and 2 off-street parking. Price upon request. private setting perfect for entertaining or just restaurants. Exclusively Offered $695,000 www.64MtVernonSt.com getting away from it all! $995,000 Barbara Currier 617-864-8892, Ext. 287 2 Brattle Square Cambridge•MA 800-255-7545, Ext. 287 617•497•4400 ext. 241 & 243 [email protected] [email protected] BarbaraCurrier.com Carol Kelly &Myra von Turkovich, ABR Vice Presidents 191 Grove Street, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 Ask me about The Harvard Real Estate Assistance Program! Cambridge’s Number Realtor® Team Kathy Halley, MBA - [email protected] 1 Mary Gillach, MA, MBA - [email protected] 171 Huron Avenue • Cambridge, Mass. 02138 carolandmyra.com (617) 762-3570 • http://Gillach-Halley.raveis.com If you would like to list a property in our November-December issue, contact Myha Nguyen: 617.496.4032 32H September - October 2007 Today, visitors can walk The Gropius House through the open rooms and Lincoln, Massachusetts look out plate-glass windows— www.historicnewengland.org meant to maximize passive 781.259.8098 solar heat and views of the landscape—and feel as if the According to his younger daughter, Wal- family were returning at any ter Gropius was no sentimentalist. What moment. The furniture, much he would have thought of his family home’s of it designed by Gropius’s fel- current status as a world-renowned tourist low Bauhaus member and De- site, is not clear.The boxy white structure sign School colleague Marcel Breuer (who built in 1938 was meant to be economical built his own home nearby), is beautifully and comfortable—not “a monument to the intact, as are artwork, dishware, books— Modern movement,” Ati Gropius Johansen even Ise’s earrings, on a dressing table. wrote in a 2003 article for Historic New Note also how the home was set de- England Magazine. It was her mother, Ise cedely on the land to guard against the Gropius, who continuously brought visitors north winds, and take advantage of sun- into their quintessentially modern abode, light through a second-floor deck by built with efficiency under the architectural Ati’s bedroom. Yet the living-room fire- ethos, “form follows function.” And she place, not a great heat source, catered gave it to Historic New England as a time- simply to familial pleasure, Johansen says, less testament to Gropius’s revolutionary and “the delight my parents both took in philosophy. sitting before an open fire.” COURTESY OF HISTORIC NEW ENGLAND !MOSTORIGINAL LUXURYHOTEL FE<9<EE<KKJK#:8D9I@;><&-(.%/-+%()''&(%/''%//)%(/(/&NNN%:?8IC<J?FK<C%:FD Harvard Magazine 32I NEW ENGLAND REGIONAL SECTION maintaining a modern house, cospon- Six Moon Hill] than the economic model stories will never be told,” says Boston ar- sored with Historic New England.
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