Index

Acanthodei, 387, 409, 411,412 Arbigland Group, 170, 171, 172, 174, 175-6, 180 'Aeanthodes' indet., 387, 409, 41 l, 412, 417 Arcente Formation, 106, 107 acanthodians, 417, 420 Archaediscidae, 225, 226-7, 230-1,232, 379 Actinistia indet, 411 archaediscids, 241,249, 255, 257, 375, 377, 379 Actinoeyathus, 373 Archaedis¢inae, 379 Actinoeyathusfloriformis, 241,377, 380 Archaediscus, 322, 379 Actinopterygii, 410, 411,412, 413 Archaediscus gigas-Eostaffella proikensis Zone, aeromagnetic anomalies, Apedale, 346, 347-8 Russian Platform, 363 Aetheretmon sp., 411 Archaediscus karreri, 256, 257 Aetheretmon valentiacum White, 411 Archaediscus krestovnikovi, 256, 257 'Ageleodus' sp., 401-402, 411,413 Archaediscus reditus, 257 agglutinated stromatolites, 71 Archaediscus stilus, 256, 257 Aherlow, metal deposits, 1, 3 Archaediscus varsanofievae, 256, 257 Alamo Canyon, 100, 119 Archaeolithophyllum, 134-5, 136-7, 139, 140, 141, 142 Alamogordo Member, 106, 112-14 Ardagh Platform, 270, 271 biotic gradients on homoclinal ramp, 111-12, Ardagh Quarry, 130, 131, 132, 134-5 114-25 Ardagh, Vis6an buildups, 128-33 level-bottom beds, 83, 84, 85-6, 89-91, 93, 125 biota, 133-42 mounds, 84, 85, 86-9, 90-3, 97 Ardnasillagh, biota, 430, 431,434 Albuera River, coral reef-facies, 146, 147, 151 Arenicolites, 168 Aleksin Horizon, fish assemblages, 391,402, 403,405, Argillaceous Bioclastic Limestone Group (ABL), 208, 409 209, 217 Aleksin(-sky) Horizon, 362, 363, 364, 380 arsenopyrite, Ireland, 32 algae Arundian buildups, 68, 69, 75, 260-1 Alamogordo Member, 115, 117, 119, 120, 122, 123, Arundian/Holkerian boundary, Ireland, 379 124 Asbian England, 173, 225 boundary, early/late, Ireland, 380 as guide fossils, 229, 232 buildups, 67, 68, 75, 128, 140, 260-1 Holy Cross Mountains, 324 carbonate ramp, Ireland, 253-61 Ireland, 241,246, 249, 372, 380 carbonates, Urswick Limestone Formation, 221-36 Kingscourt, 133, 135, 141, 142 exposure surfaces, 283, 291,293-4 South Munster Basin, 339 palaeogeography, Ireland, 239, 249 Russian Platform, 364 platform carbonates, Ireland, 245, 246, 248, 249 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 147, 151 volcanic centres, 355, 356 algal biostratigraphic ranges, Ireland, 242 Asbian-Brigantian palaeogeography, England and algal buildups, 72, 75, 76, 77 Wales, 282 algal depth limits, 120, 123 Asbian-Brigantian succession, Ireland, 240 algal filaments, 122 biostratigraphy, 241-3, 249 algosponges, 258, 259 Asbian/Brigantian boundary, Ireland, 380 Allenwood, metal deposits, 14 cyclicity and sedimentation, 247-8 alluvial fan lithofacies, Solway Basin, 169-70, 176, 180 Asperodiscus, 241 alluvial plain lithofacies, Solway Basin, 166-8, 176-80 Asperodiscus (=Neoarehaediseus) Zone, Ireland, 241 ammonoids, 423 Asphaltinella, 115, 116, 117, 118, 121 Anatolipora, 227, 228-9, 232 Astbury Limestone Shales, 354 anehoralis Biozone, South Munster Basin, 339 Astbury volcanic rocks, 353-4, 355, 356 anchoralis-latus Zones, Lake Valley Formation, 84 Asteroarehaediscus, 380 anchoralis Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Asteroarchaediscus bashkirikus, 380 Andrecito Member, 84, 89, 113, 114 A tractyliopsis, 140 Anglesey, exposure surfaces, 282, 291,292, 294, 298 Aulophyllum, 433 Antiquatonia, 433 auloporid tabulates, 322, 323 Aoujgalia, 135, 259, 375, 376, 377 Axophyllum, 133, 373 aoujgaliids Axophyllum simplex, 377 Alamogordo Member, 121-2, 123 Axophyllum sp., 257, 259 Ireland, 130, 133, 135, 139, 375, 376, 377 Axophytlum vaughani, 241 Apedale magnetic anomalies, 346, 347-8 bacterial buildups, 65-77 tufts, 345-7, 348-56 Bairdiocypris samsonowiczi, 320 Apedale Borehole, 345, 346, 347-8, 351,352, 355 Baituganella tchernyshinensis Lipina, 367, 368 Aphralysia, 135, 136, 137, 139, 140 Baixo Alentejo Flysch Group (Culm Group), 154 Apiculiretispora septalia Zone, Russian Platform, 361 Balbriggan Block, 266, 267, 269, 277 Appalachian Basin, 298 Ballina Limestone Formation, 185, 201,203 aragonite, 70, 72 Ballinalack, metal deposits, 1, 3, 4 450 INDEX

Ballinleeny volcanic centre, 276 Black Chert Formation (Scwharze Kieselschiefer), 306, Ballintober, biota, 428 307, 311,312 Ballyclogh Limestone Formation, 245 black matrix breccia (BMB), 24, 26, 30-1, 32 Ballydonnell Member, 246 Black Neuk Formation, 53, 166, 167-8, 169-70, Ballygarvan Quarry, 338, 339 180 Ballymartin Formation, 26, 273 block-and-basin sedimentation, Ireland, 276 Ballysteen Limestone Formation, 24, 26, 31,273, 335 blue-green algae, 146 Bandon Syncline, 339 Bobriki (Bobrikovsky) Horizon, 361-2, 363, 379 Bantry sub-basin, 333, 339-41 bored grains, Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 229, barite (baryte), 32, 36, 39, 40, 41, 47, 48, 264 232 barium, Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 48 Boulder Conglomerate, Navan, 8, 10, 208, 210, Barland Quarry, 285, 287 215 Barlocco Heugh Formation, 166, 167, 168, 180 BP Miospore Biozone, South Munster Basin, 334 Barnalisheen Fault, 28 brachiopod shells, 87, 88 Basal Cementstones, 54, 170 brachiopods base metal deposits see metal deposits and Alamogordo Member, 115, t19, 123 mineralization Holy Cross Mountains, 322, 323 basement structural controls, metal mineral deposits, Ireland, 241,246, 258, 259, 260, 273, 371,372, Ireland, 1-21 427-35 basinal sedimentation controls, Ireland, 263-77, Ardagh buildup, 131, 133, 134-5, 137 Poland 315-27 northern England, 172, 229 bathymetry Russian Platform, 363 Alamogordo Member assemblages related to, Scotland, 433 120-1, 124-5 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 151 and exposure surface development, 291-5, 298 Bradyina rotula, 241,243, 249, 380 Beaconites, 186, 192 bradyodonts, tooth plate, 419, 424 Bee Low Limestone, 287, 292 braided fluvial lithofacies, Solway Basin, Beecheria, 431,433 177-80 Bellisporus nitidus, 350 Bray Hill Quarry, 376, 377 Benbulben Shale Formation, 185, 204, 254-5, 256 Bretonic deformation, 153, 159 Beresellidae, 122 Brigantian Bergian Zone, Culm Basin, 307, 312 buildups, 74, 75, 128, 140, 141,260-1,291 Bewcastle, 179, 181 exposure surfaces, 283, 284, 291,293, 294, 295 Beyrichoceras micronotum, 256 palaeogeography, Ireland, 239 Bibradya grandis, 243 platform carbonates, Ireland, 243, 245, 246, 247, bilaminar palaeotextulariids, 135 248, 249 bilineatus Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 volcanic centres, Apedale, 355, 356 bioclasts, 'diagnostic', 235 Brochocarina, 430, 431 see also guide-fossils Brunsia, 368 bioherms Brunsiina spp., 368 Ireland, 127, 139, 140-1 bryozoan buildups, 77 south west Spain, 150-1 bryozoans, 67, 141,224, 226-7, 229, 232, 235 biolithites, 322 Holy Cross Mountains, 322, 323 biostratigraphy Ireland, 247, 248, 258, 259, 260, 430 Germany, 304 Ardagh buildup, 133, 134-5, 137-8, 139, 140, 141, Ireland, 241-3, 244, 245, 246-7, 249, 253-60, 261, 142 262, 371-80 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93, 104, Russian Platform, 365-9 105 biostromal beds, southwest Spain, 146-51 Alamogordo Member, 115, 116, 117, 119, biotic gradients, Alamogordo Member, 111-12, 114-25 123 Birrenswark volcanic horizon, 170 southwest Spain, 146, 147, 149, 151 Bispathodus aculeatus aculeatus, 339, 410 buildups (mounds) Bispathodus aculeatus plumulus, 410 bacterial, 65-77 Bisphaera, 363, 366, 367, 368 Derbyshire Platform, 291 Bisphaera malevkensis, 361 Ireland, 127-42, 260-1,266 bitumen nodules see thoriferous bitumen nodules, New Mexico, 83-95, 99-108 Solway Basin Bundoran Shale Formation, 197 bivalves Bunoghanaun, fauna, 429, 431 England, 168, 227 burial calcite cements see calcite cements Ireland, 131, 133, 135, 137 Burren, platform carbonates, 239-40, 244, 245, 246, southwest Spain, 146, 151 247, 249 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 226-7, 228-9, Burren Formation, 244, 427, 431 233 Buttevant, platform carbonates, 239-40 INDEX 451 calcareous algae, 118, 120, 141,227, 235 cements as environmental indicators, 235 microbial mediated, 71-2 Holy Cross Mountains, 320 Navan limestones, 214 Ireland, 241,243, 246, 249, 258, 375, 376, 377, 379, vadose, 284, 290-1 380 see also calcite cements Ardagh buildup, 134-5, 137, 139, 140 cerioid corals, 246, 377, 431 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 151 cerium, Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 48 Calcifolium, 364, 375, 380 Chadian, base, Solway Basin, 165, 181 calcimicrobes, 67, 71, 72 Chadian boundary, early/late, Ireland, 379 calcispheres (-sphaerids), 87, 88, 91,227, 258,259, 320, Chadian succession, Ireland, dating, 374-5 321,375 Chadian to Brigantian interval, Ireland, 379 calcite, 30, 31, 32, 70, 71, 72, 86 Chadian/Arundian boundary, Ireland, 379 calcite cements, 66, 68, 71-2, 73 chaetetids, 141 Derbyshire Platform, 35-6, 38-44, 46-7 chalcopyrite, 14, 32 mineralizing fluids, 37, 44-5, 47-8 channels, Navan limestones, 208, 209, 215, 216 trace element release, 45-7 Cherepet(-sky) Horizon, 361,362, 368, 411 see also cements Chernyshinella glomiformis, 367, 368 calcium, Solway Basin, 55 Chernyshinella glomiformis-Septabrunsiina krainica- calcium carbonate, precipitation, 70, 71 Palaeospiroptectamrnina tschernyshinensis Zone, calcrete mottle profiles, 284, 285, 286, 288, 289, 290, Russian Platform, 361 291,292, 293, 294, 295, 298 Chernyshinella spp., 367, 368 calcrete/palaeokarst relationship, 284-8 cherts, Dinantian, Germany, 303-12 calcretes, 284, 285, 290, 293, 294, 298 chlorophyte thalli, 116 calcretization, 282, 288-90, 291,294, 295, 298 chlorophytes, 133, 134-5, 139, 140, 246 Callan, platform carbonates, 239-40, 244, 246 chondrichthyans, 409, 415-23 Camarotoechia (?) upensis Sokolskaja, 410 Chondrichthyes, 390-409, 41 l, 412 Canada, Arctic buildups, 74 Chondrites, 107, 168, 172, 175 Caninia, 433 Church Stretton Fault, 347 Caninia cf. cornucopiae, 241 Cincturiasporites appendices Zone, Russian Platform, Caninophyllum patulurn Biozone, Ireland, 378 363 Caninophyllum patulum patulum, 377 Cincturiasporites multiplicabilis Zone, Russian carbonate buildups (mounds) see buildups (mounds) Platform, 363 carbonate mud, formation, 77 Cingulazonates bialatus-Simozonotriletes brevispinosus carbonate mudbanks, 260-1 Zone, Russian Platform, 363 carbonate platforms, 35-49, 74, 75, 232, 239-251, Cirratriradites saturni, 350 263-279 clastic marine facies reconstruction, Fennosarmatia, 315, 318-23, Solway Basin, 170-6 325-7 Spain, 156 see also exposure surfaces, Dinantian clay diagenesis, Derbyshire Platform, 45, 46 carbonate precipitation, bacterially mediated, 72 clay palaeosols, 283-4 carbonate ramps Cleiothyridinafimbriata, 428, 429, 431,432, 433 Cuilcagh Mountains, 253-61 Climacammina, 380 see also buildups (mounds); carbonate platforms; climatic changes, 304 ramps effect on exposure surfaces, 288, 290, 299 carbonate-producing organisms, 246 sedimentation and, Culm Basin, 311, 312 Carboniferous Limestone, South Munster Basin, Clintz Quarry, 285, 286 337 Clisiophyllum delicatum nanum, 254 Carboniferous Limestone shelf, Germany, 304, 307 Clisiophyllum garwoodi, 241 Carboniferous Slate, South Munster Basin, 337 Clisiophyllum keyserlingi, 257, 259 Carn Limestone Member, 256, 258, 261 Cloghan Hill Limestone Member, 256-7, 258, 259, Carrickittle, metal deposits, 1, 3 260, 261 Carrowmoran inlier, 199, 201 Cloghany Limestone Member, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261 Carruthersella, 373 Clogherboy, metal deposits, 3, l0 Carruthersella compacta, 377 clotted microfabrics (micrites), 66, 72, 74, 75 Castle Archdale-Belhavel Fault Zone, 260 Cloyne Syncline, 333, 334, 340, 345 Castle Point Outlier, bitumen nodules, 52, 53-4, 56, coal, 173, 174, 290 58, 59, 60, 61 coastal sedimentation, northwest Ireland, 183-205 Castle Point-Gutcher's Isle Outlier, 164, 165 Cochliodontidae Owen, 403-4 Castlemore Quarry, 337, 338 Cochliodontiformes Obruchev, 402-5 catastrophism, Iberian Pyrite Belt, 153-60 Cochliodus contortus Agassiz, 403-4 'cave popcorn' speleothem deposits, 290-1 Coelosporella, 224, 225, 226-7, 229, 232 'cavity stromatolites', in buildups, 72 Colleen Formation, 271 Cefn Mawr Limestone, 287, 292 Conglomerate Group Ore, 10 452 INDEX

Connaught Platform, fauna, 434, 435 Ctenacanthidae indet, 412 conodonts ctenacanthids, 419, 423, 424, 425 Ireland, 272, 371,373, 374-5, 379, 380 'Ctenacanthus'-type scales, 393, 394 South Munster Basin, 335, 336, 339 Cuilcagh Mountains, carbonate ramp, 253-261 Poland, 319, 320, 322 Culm Basin, siliceous rocks, 303-12 Russia, 410, 411,425 Culm Greywacke Formation (Kulm-Grauwacken), Copodontidae Davis, 405 306, 312 Copodontiformes Obruchev, 405 Culm Group, 153, 154, 155 Copodus auriculatus, 403, 405, 412, 413 Culm Platy Limestone Formation Copodus tooth plates, 403 (Kulm-Plattenkalk), 306 copper Culm Slate Formation (Kulm-Tonschiefer), 306, 312 Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 47, 48 Cumbria, exposure surfaces, 283, 284, 285, 287, 291, Ireland, 1, 3, 6, 17 292, 293, 295 coral reef-facies Cumbrian Platform, 295 southwest Spain, 145-51 cuneiformis Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 see also reefs current-influenced mound growth, 97, 99, 107-8 corallites, 230-1 cutans, 214 corals, 141 cyanophytes, 133, 135, 137, 139, 140, 141, 142 Holy Cross Mountains, 319, 322, 323, 324 Cyathaxonia cornu, 377 Ireland, 137, 241,246, 256, 258, 259, 260, 261,272, Cyathoclisia modavense, 377 273, 319, 371,372, 373, 377, 379, 428 cyclicity Ardagh buildup, 133, 135, 139, 140, 141, 142 palaeoclimatic, 295-8 New Mexico, 87, 88, 90, 115, 117, 119 sedimentary, 282, 295-8 northern England, 168, 172, 229 Urswick Limestone Formation, 221,222-31,233, Russian Platform, 363 235 southwest Spain, 145-51 Ireland, 239, 244-49 Urswick Limestone Formation, 227 Cork, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249 Dainella, 368 Cork Group, 339, 340 Dartry Limestone Formation, 252, 256, 257, 258, 259, Cork Syncline, 331,335, 337, 338, 339 260, 261 Corwenia rugosa, 377, 380 dasycladacean algae, 133, 229, 244 Courceyan Davidsonina, 232 boundary, early/late, Ireland, 378 Davidsonina septosa, 241 buildups, 67 Deadman Waulsortian buildup, 100 Courceyan succession, Ireland, 208, 210, 374-5 debrites, 318-19 Courceyan/Chadian boundary, Ireland, 378, 380 deep-water buildups, 67, 77 Courtbrown, metal deposits, 1, 3 Deer Park Formation, 141 Courtmacsherry Formation, 333, 334, 335, 336, 339, delicatus Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 340 delta environments and facies, Spain, 156-9 Cravenoceras cowlingense marine band, Ireland, 438, Deltodus sp., 404, 411,412, 413,425 443, 445 Deltoptychiidae Patterson, 406-7 Cregg, Vis6an buildups, 128-9, 131, 140, 141-2 ?Denaea sp., 400, 412, 420, 425 crenulata Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Densosporites, 445 Cribrospira, 243 Densosporites intermedius Zone, Russian Platform, 363 Cribrospira panderi, 243 Densosporites variabilis Zone, Russian Platform, 363 Cribrostornum, 241 depth-related assemblages, 119, 120, 121, 123-4, 125, Cribrostomum lecomptei, 241,243, 249, 380 140, 146 Criffel-Dalbeattie Granite, 56, 58, 60 Derbyshire, exposure surfaces, 284, 285, 287, 291,292, crinoids, 227 295 Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 321,322, 323 Derbyshire Platform Ireland, 244, 246, 247, 248, 249, 258, 259, 260 hydrocarbon emplacement, 37, 39, 40, 41, 45, 46-8 Ardagh buildup, 134-5, 140 mineralization, 35-49 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91 Derryville Fault, 24, 26, 28-9, 30, 31, 32 Alamogordo Member, 115, 116, 117, 119, 123, ?Desmiodontida Zangerl, 391 124 ?Desmiodus sp., 391, 411 Muleshoe Mound, 104, 106 Devonian-Carboniferous boundary Solway Basin, 172 Iberian Pyrite Belt, 159, 160 Croghan Hill, 272 South Urals, 417-18 Crosspatrick Formation, 26, 28, 29, 30, 31 Devononchus, 415 cryptalgal fabrics, 87, 88, 91, 130, 135, 324 diagenesis, 26-33, 35-50, 51-63 wave-resistant, 140 Dibunophyllurn, 435 cryptic encrustations, 71, 72, 74 Dibunophyllum bipartitum, 133, 241,377, 380 "cryptic microbial carbonates', 70 Dibunophyllum bourtonense, 379 INDEX 453

Dibunophyllum sp., 256, 257, 377 East European Platform, fish assemblages, 385-411 Dictyoclostus, 428, 429 Eblanaia michoti, 378 Dictyoclostus teres, 165 Echinoconchus, 430, 431,432, 433 Dill-Innerste Zone, 307 Echinoconchus punctatus, 432, 433 Dinantian echinoderms, 226-7, 228-9, 232 biostratigraphy, Ireland, 371-9 Alamogordo Member, 115, 116, 117, 119, 124 buildups, 65-77 Ireland, 430 carbonate ramp, Ireland, 253-61 Scotland, 435 causes of cyclicity, 248-9 southwest Spain, 146, 151 cyclic stratigraphy, Russian Platform, 359-64 echinoids emersion surfaces and channels, Navan, 211-17 Ireland, 258, 259 exposure surfaces Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89, 90, 116, 117, controls, 282-3, 291-8 123 development, 288-91,298-9 El Almendro, coral reef-facies, 145, 146, 147, 151 lithostratigraphy, Ireland, 243-7 El Portezuelo, coral reef-facies, 145, 146, 147 metal-organic interactions, Solway Basin, 51, El Torre6n, coral reef-facies, 145, 146, 147, 149, 150, 54-63 151 palaeogeography, Ireland, 239-40 Elasmobranchii, 390-402 platform carbonates, Ireland, 239-49 Elbingerode Complex, 307, 312 ramp, southwest England, 124 emersion surfaces, Navan, 211-17 sedimentation, Ireland, 183-205, 263-77, 331, encrusting bryozoans, 116, 119, 135, 141, 142, 258, 333-41 259, 323 siliceous rocks, Germany, 303-12 Endostaffella fucoides, 257 diphyphyllids, 377 Endothrya parakosvensis Lipina, 367, 368 Diphyphyllum lateseptatum, 241 Endothryanopsis compressa-Archaediscus krestovnikovi Diplocraterion, 168, 175 Zone, Russian Platform, 363 ?Diplodoselache antiqua sp.nov., 394, 395, 396-7, 409, Endothyra/Endothyracea, 322, 373 411 Endothyridae, 227, 231,232 Diplodoselachiidae Dick, 398-9 endothyrids, 226-7, 228-9 Diplosphaerina, 320 environmental indicators, 235 dissolution cavities, Navan limestones, 21 t-12 Eochernyshinella spp., 367, 368 Dneiper-Donetz Depression, 379 Eoendothyranopsis, 379 Doliognathus, 373 Eoforschia, 367, 368, 378 Doliognathus latus, 375 Eogeinitzina devonica rara, 320, 321 Dollymae, 373, 374 Eonodosaria rausereae, 320 Dollymae bouckaerti, 339, 375 Eoparastaffella, 375, 378, 379 dolomite, 10, 11, 30-1, 32, 33, 40 Eoparastaffella simplex, 369, 379 dolomitization, Ireland, 26, 28, 29, 33 Eostaffella, 135, 137, 379 Donegal Bay, 197 Eostaffella ikensis Zone, Russian Platform, 363 Donegal succession, 183-92 Eostaffella parastruvei, 257, 379 Donezella, 231 Eostaffella tenebrosa-Endothryanopsis sphaerica Zone, Doorin Shales, 195 Russian Platform, 364 Dorlodotia briarti, 377, 379 Eotaphrus, 373 Dorlodotia pseudoverrniculare, 377 Eotaphrus cf. bultyncki, 339, 340 Downpatrick Formation, 185, 194-5, 196 Eotextularia diversa, 374, 378 Draffania, 375 Epistacheoides, 136, 137, 225, 226-7 Dromdowney Member, 244 erosion and reworking, South Munster Basin, 331, Dromkeen Formation, 241,243 333-41 Drumanagh Member, 271-2 Eskett Quarry, 284 Drumman More Sandstone Formation, 204 Etruria Formation, 298 Dublin Basin, 74, 92, 129, 140 Eumorphoceras bisulcatum marine band, Ireland, 438, biostratigraphy, 371,372, 378, 379, 380 443, 445 sedimentation controls, 263-72, 276-7 Eunemacanthus krapivnensis sp. nov, 400-401,409, Dunsandle Station, fauna, 427, 430, 431 411 Durnish Limestones, 273 Euselachii Hay, 390-91 Euselachii indet., 390-91 eustacy Earlandia, 226-7, 230-1 Holy Cross Mountains, 326 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 115, 117, 119, 123 and sedimentary cyclicity, 207, 216, 221,233, 235, Early Mississippian 248 buildups, New Mexico, 83-95 evaporite surface, Navan limestones, 212, 215 level-bottom beds, New Mexico, 85-6, 88, 89-91, 'event beds', 153 93, 125 expansa Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 320 454 INDEX exposure surfaces gastropods controls, 282-3, 291-8 Holy Cross Mountains, 322 development, 288-91,298-9 Ireland, 189, 194, 258, 259 extinction episodes, reef development arrested by, 73 Ardagh buildup, 131, 133, 137 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88 Famennian clasts, Holy Cross Mountains, 320-1 Alamogordo Member, 115, 117, 119, 123, 124 Famennian/Courceyan boundary, Ireland, 378 Solway Basin, 168 Famennian/Dinantian boundary, Iberian Pyrite Belt, southwest Spain, 146, 149 153-60 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 227, 232, 233 Farleton Fell, 227, 230, 231,232 Germany, siliceous rocks, 303-12 fasciculate corals, southwest Spain, 148 geochemistry, 41-44, 345, 350-54 Fasciella, 136-7, 247, 274, 375 gigantoproductids, 146, 147, 149, 151 Fasciella kizilia, 244 Gigantoproductus, 410, 433 fault-controlled fluid flow, 2, 33, 47, 48 Gigantoproductus aft. semiglobosus, 151 faulting and mineralization, 2, 8, 10-11, 28, 32, 33, 48 Gigantoproductus cf. edelbergensis, 241 Feltrim Limestone Formation, 4, 266, 268, 274, 376, Gigantoproductus cf. giganteus, 241 377 Gigantoproductus maximus, 133 fenestellid (fenestrate) bryozoans, 115, 116, 117, 119, Gigasbia gigas, 225, 256, 257 124, 134-5, 258, 259 Gillfoot Beds, 54, 170, 174, 175, 176, 180 Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Girvanella Ireland, 244, 245, 246, 247, 249, 258 Ardagh buildup, 130, 133, 135, 136-7, 140 Kingscourt, 130, 133, 137-8, 140 Holy Cross Mountains, 323 Sacramento Mountains, 86, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91, 93 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89, 91 Muleshoe Mound, 104, 105 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 227, 229, 232, Fennosarmatia, 315, 318-23, 325-7 235 Fermanagh, fauna, 433, 434 girvanellids, 323 ferroan carbonate, 32 glacio-eustacy ferroan dolomite, 31 Ireland, 249 fish assemblages, Eastern European Platform, 387-413 sedimentary cyclicity, Urswick Limestone Fistulipora, 135, 141 Formation, 221 flora, Glenade Sandstone Formation, 448 sedimentation and, 295, 296 fluid inclusions, calcite cements, Derbyshire Platform, Glandore High, 333, 338, 339, 340 44-5 Glenade Sandstone Formation, 437--48 fluorine, Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 47 Glencar Limestone Formation, 255-6, 258, 260, 261, fluorite, Derbyshire Platform, 36, 39, 40, 41, 47, 48 296, 433,434 fluvial channel lithofacies, Globochaetes, 87, 88, 91,324, 375, 376, 377, 423 Solway Basin, 177-80 globochaetids, 323 Ireland, 198-9 Globosochonetes, 433 'Footwall Green Shale', Navan, 214 Glomodiscus, 379 foraminifera Glyptolichwinella cf. limbata Posner, 410 Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 321,322, 323 gnathodids, 375 Ireland, 244, 246, 256, 258, 259, 261,272, 371,372, Gnathodus, 373 373, 374, 375, 377 Gnathodus bilineatus, 336 Ardagh buildup, 133, 135, 137, 139, 141, 142 Gnathodus bilineatus bilineatus, 380 South Munster Basin, 336, 339 Gnathodus bilineatus, conodont Zone, East European Russian Platform, 361,363 Platform, 411 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 115, 117, 119-20, Gnathodus bilineatus bollandensis-Adetognathus 123, 124 unicornis conodont Zone, Urals, 417, 423 southwest Spain, 146, 151 Gnathodus cuneiformis, 335 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 226-7, 228-9, Gnathodus girtyi collinsoni, 380 230-1,235 Gnathodus girtyi girtyi, 380 foraminiferal zones Gnathodus homopunctatus, 379 Ireland, 242, 378 Gnathodus texanus-Mestognathus beckmanni Zone, Russian Platform, 365-9 Urals, 419, 420, 421,424, 425 framebuilders, 140 Gnathodus typicus Zone, Urals, 421 Frasnian clasts, Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 321 Goat Springs, 119 Furfooz, Waulsortian mounds, 111, 112, 114 goniatites, 273, 320, 372, 438 fusain, northwest Ireland, 190, 191, 192, 195 Gortalughany Townland, 257-8 Gortdrum metal deposits, 3, 6-7, 8 galena, 32, 36, 41, 47, 48 Gower Peninsula, 282, 283, 293, 295 Galezice, 316, 323, 325-7 biota, 222, 233 Galmoy, metal deposits, 3, 14 Gowlaun Shale Formation, 438, 443 Galway, fauna, 431,432 Graig Quarry, 285, 287 INDEX 455

Grandispora upensis Palynozone, Russian Platform, Indian Wells Canyon, 119, 120 361 'Inishannon Limestones', 335 Grange Mill Quarry, 285, 287 intraclasts, 227, 232, 233, 247, 260, 322 gravity anomalies, Ireland, 5, 10, 13 Ireland gravity-flow deposits, Spain, 159, 323 Asbian carbonate ramp, 253-61 green algae, 115, 117, 119, 120, 124, 133, 246, 366 biostratigraphy, 333, 335, 336, 339, 371-80 green mudstones, Navan, 213-14, 216 brachiopod facies, 427-35 green-blue algae, 146 carbonates and shales, 195-6 Greiserolepis tulensis Vorobyeva & Lebedev, 407-8, Dinantian platform carbonates, 239-249 411 exposure surfaces, 295, 296 Guadajira River, coral reef-facies, 145, 146, 147 lithostratigraphy, 243-7 guide-fossils, 229, 232, 235, 243 mineral deposits, 1-21, 23-34, 264 Gumerovo Horizon, 361,362 palynofacies analysis, 437-48 Gun Hill volcanic rocks, 349, 350, 351,352, 353-4 fiver systems and coastal sedimentation, 183-205 sedimentation controls, 263-77 Haplolasma cf. densum, 377 see also Kingscourt Outlier; Navan; South Munster Haplolasma densum, 256 Basin Haplophragmella, 243 Irish Midlands, 371 Harberton Bridge, metal deposits, 14 metal deposits, 3-4, 4-5, 6-10, 18, 23-4, 26 Harz Mountains, 303-4, 305, 306, 307, 310, 312 iron 'Hecker-Shvetsov', basal surface, 363 Derbyshire Platform, 42, 45, 48 Helodus, 403, 419, 425 Ireland, 10 'Helodus aversus', 403, 411 iron sulphides, Ireland, 14, 32 ?Helodus sp., 402-3, 411 issinellid, 375 Hendre Quarry, 287 Hercynian orogeny, Iberian Pyrite Belt, 153, 154, 159 Janischewskina, 380 heterocorals, 133, 259, 322, 323 Jazwiny Hill, 318, 319 hexactinellid sponges, 115, 116, 120, 134-5 Jedrzejow High, 325 Hexaphyllia, 133, 259 Junceum Limestone, 292 high-magnesium calcite, microbial formation, 70 Holkerian, base, Benbulben Shale Formation, 204 Kamaena, 130, 135, 139, 140, 225, 228-9, 232, 366 Holkerian/Asbian boundary, Ireland, 379, 380 Kamaenella Holme Park Quarry, 232, 287 Ireland, 244, 246, 247, 248 Holmpatrick Formation, 271 Kingscourt, 130, 135, 136-7, 139, 142 Holocephali, 402-7 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 226-7, 228-9, Holurus parki Traquair, 411 230-1,232, 233, 235 Holy Cross Mountains, 315-18 kamaenids, 133, 135, 138-9 carbonate platform reconstruction, 315-329 Karakuba Horizon, 361,362 palaeogeography, 323-5, 327 karstification, 282, 289, 290-1,294, 295, 298 homoclinal ramp Kasachstanodiscinae, 379 biotic gradients, New Mexico, 111-12, 114-25 Keel, ore deposits, 3, 10, 11, 15 Ireland, 269 Keel Fault, 10 Hrrre-Gommern Zone, 304, 307 Keele Formation, 298 Howchinia, 225, 235, 322, 336 Kentstown Block, 269, 271 Howchinia bradyana, 241,243, 249, 257, 375, 380 Khaninian Stage, Russian Platform, 361,364 hyalosteliids, 90, 91, 123 Kilbeg Wood, fauna, 430, 431,433, 434 hybodontids, 417 Kilbride Limestone Formation, 266 Hybodontoidea Zangerl, 390-91 Kilcummin Head, 185, 200, 202 hydrocarbons Killala Oolite Member, 201 emplacement, Derbyshire Platform, 37, 39, 40, 41, Killoran Fault, 14, 24, 26, 28-9, 30, 31, 32 45, 46-8 Kiltiernan Townland, fauna, 430, 431,433 groundwater interactions, 51 Kiltullagh Bridge, fauna, 427, 430, 431 migration, Solway Basin, 60-1, 62 Kingscourt, biostratigraphy, 380 thorium interactions, 56, 59, 60 Kingscourt Block, 267, 270 hydrothermal alteration, Ireland, 26, 30-1, 33 Kingscourt Outlier, 266, 269 Visban buildups, 127-42 Iapetus Suture, Ireland, 276, 277 Kinsale Formation, 333, 334, 338-9, 340 Iberian Pyrite Belt, catastrophism, 153-60 Kinsale sub-basin, 333-9 Ibrahimispores brevispinosus, 350 Kirkbean Outlier, 164, 165, 170-81 ichthyoliths, 380 bitumen nodules, 52, 54, 55, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62 illite, 32, 45, 48 Kirkbya, 91 inclined heterolithic stratification (IHS), 189, 191-2, Kizel (-ovsky) Horizon, 361,362 (368, 378) 199-200 Knipe Scar Limestone, 287, 292 456 INDEX

Knockfeerina volcanic centre, 276 linoproductid brachiopods, 432 Knockmore Limestone Member, 256, 259, 260, 261 Lotoprotonia ashfellensis, Ferguson, 431 Knockroe Formation, 274, 275 Liscarrol Limestone Formation, 245 Knockseefin Formation, 274 Liscartan Formation, 266, 269 Knoxisporites literatus Zone, Russian Platform, 363 Lisduff Oolite Member, 24, 26-7, 31, 32 Koninckophyllum vaughani, 254, 255, 257 Lisheen Koninckopora metal deposits, 1, 3, 14, 15, 18, 23-34, 26 Ireland, 375, 380 volcanic rocks, 272 Ardagh buildup, 130, 133, 134-5, 136-7, 139, 140 Lismalin Member, 246 Urswick Limestone Formation, 227, 229, 232, 233 Lispatrick Formation, 335, 336, 337, 340 Koninckopora minuta, 379 Lissodus, 418, 422 Koninckopora sp.B, 243, 244, 246, 248, 249 Lissodus expansa Zone, Urals, 419 Koninckopora tenuirarnosa, 379 Lissodus pectinatus sp.nov, 389, 390, 41 I, 413 Koskinobigenerina, 241,257 'Listracanthus'-type, scales, 393 Koskinobigenerina breviseptata, 243 Lithostrotion, 133, 172, 175, 246, 319, 379, 435 Koskinotextularia, 379 Lithostrotion araneum, 232, 377 Kosva (Kosvinsky) Horizon, 361,362 (368, 378) Lithostrotion maccoyanum, 241,377 Kozhimian Stage, Russian Platform, 361,364 Lithostrotion vorticale, 377, 433 Krotovia, 430, 431,435 Lithostrotionidae, 322 Kulikia, 224-5, 375 Little Island Formation, 335, 338 Little Wenlock volcanic rocks, 356 Lackagh Sandstone Formation, 438,440, 441,443,445 Lochenling Formation, bitumen nodules, 53, 56, 58, Lahn-Bode Zone, Germany, 307 60, 61 Lake District see Cumbria; Urswick Limestone Lochreia nodosus/nodosa, 336, 380 Formation Loeblichia, 373 Lake Valley Formation, New Mexico Loeblichia paraamminoides, 380 mounds and level-bottom beds, 84, 85-91, 92, 93 Loeblichiidae, 227 see also Alamogordo Member; Sacramento Loggerheads Limestone, 292 Mountains Lonsdaleia duplicata, 241 Lake Valley ramp, 99 Lophoctenium, 155 laminar calcretes, 284, 285, 290, 293, 294, 298 Los Santos de Maimona, coral reef-facies, 145-51 Laminated Beds, Navan, 208, 211, 212, 213, 215, 216, Lough Allen Basin, 261 217 Lough Carra, fauna, 427, 430, 431,432, 434 Langholm, 179, 181 Lough Corrib, fauna, 427, 429, 434 lanthanum, Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 48 Lough Mask, fauna, 427, 429, 430, 431,434 Largysillagh Sandstone Formation, 185, 186-8, 189, Loughbeg Formation, 337-8 192 Loughshinny Formation, 138, 140, 271,272 Lasiodiscidae, 225, 231,232 Lower Alum Shale (Liegende Alaunschiefer), 306, 307, Lask Edge Fault, 354 311 Latiproductus, Scotland, 433 Lower Border Group, 181 Latiproductus latissimus, 241 Lower Calcarenite Member, 26 lavas, 275-76 Lower Crinoidal Limestones, 245 lead Lower Limestone Shales, 331 Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 47, 48 Lucan Formation, 4, 269, 270, 271 Ireland, 32 Luteotubulus licis, 375, 376, 377 lead-zinc deposits, Ireland, 10, 11,207, 217 Lycospora, 445 lead-zinc-silver deposits, Ireland, 23-33, 264 Leaper's Wood Quarry, 233 McCoss constructions, 17 Lechowek Beds, 316, 317 Magcobar, barytes deposit, 3, 10-12 Legacurragh Gap, 258 magnetic anomalies Leinster Massif, 269, 277 Apedale, 346, 347-8 Leitrim Group, palynofacies, 435-46 Ireland, 5-6, 10, 12 Leptagonia, 430, 431,433 Malahide Limestone Formation, 265, 266, 269 Leptagonia analoga, 432, 433 Malevka(-evsky) Horizon, 361,362, 366 level-bottom beds, New Mexico, 85-6, 88, 89-91, 93, Malevsky-Upinsky Horizon, 368 125 Malyovka Formation, fish assemblages, 387, 390, 392, lime mud, 86, 139 394, 396, 399, 400, 402, 408, 409-11,413 Limekiln Lake, 353 Mametella, 87, 88, 91, 115, 118-19, 123, 375 Limekiln Quarry, 351 manganese, Derbyshire Platform, 42, 45, 48 Limerick Limestone Formation, 26, 266, 273, 274, 276 marcasite, Ireland, 32 Limerick Province, metal deposits, 3 marginifera Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Limerick Syncline, 243, 266, 273, 274-6, 277 Market Drayton Horst, 350, 354 limestone breccias, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Maryport-Stublick Fault System, 165 INDEX 457 matrix peloids, in buildups, 68, 69, 70, 72 Muddy Limestone, Navan, 208-9, 210, 215, 216, 217, Mayo, 183, 185, 197, 198, 431,432 429 Meath Formation, 266, 269 Muleshoe Mound, 85, 86, 87, 89, 92, 97-108 Mediocris mediocris, 257 Mullaghfin Formation, 128, 129, 141,270 Meenymore Formation, 257, 258, 295, 380, 447 Mullaghmore Sandstone Formation, 185, 196-204, megabreccias, Muleshoe Mound, 105-6 205, 255 Mellon House Formation, 26, 272-3 Multithecopora, 141,322 Menaspiformes Obruchev, 406-7 Mungret Limestone Formation, 273 Mendipsia leesi, 375 Munster Basin, 331 Mesodmodus teeth, 419, 424 Mestognathus bipluti, 380 Namurian buildups, 140 Mestognathus praebeckmanni-beckmanni, 379 Nanicella ex gr galloway, 320 metal deposits and mineralization Navafria, coral reef-facies, 146, 147, 150 Derbyshire Platform, 35-49 Navan, 66, 67, 266 Ireland, 1-21, 23-34, 207, 264 emersion surfaces and channels, 211-17 metal-organic interactions, Solway Basin, 51, 54-63 lithostratigraphy and sedimentology, 207-11 Micrite Unit, Navan, 209, 210, 211,212, 213, metal deposits, 1, 3, 7-10, 18, 207 215, 216 Navan Group, 4, 208, 269 'microatoll' structures, southwest Spain, 148, 150 Neoarchaediscus, 241,379 microbial origin, mud-dominated buildups, 67-77 Neoarchaediscus incertus, 243, 249 microbial peloids, Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89 Neoarchaediscus stellatus, 243, 249 Microconglomerate, Navan, 209, 215 Neoarchaediscus subzone, 241 microfacies associations Neoseptaglornospiranella spp., 367, 368 Urswick Limestone Formation, 222-4, 233-6 Nereites, 155 allochem distribution, 222-5 Nevillea dytica, 243 stratigraphic controls, 233 New Mexico microproblematica, 225, 232, 375, 376, 377 buildups, 83-95, 99-108 Middle Coal Measures, North Staffordshire, 345 see also Alamogordo Member; Sacramento Midlands Microcraton, 345, 346, 347, 350 Mountains Midlands Province (Ireland), metal deposits, 3-4, 4-5, Newcastle Formation, 298 6-18 Newtown Cashel, metal deposits, 3, 10, 11 Mikhailov Horizon, fish assemblages, 385, 392, 399, Nida Platform, 325, 326, 327 400, 402, 404, 405, 406, 407, 408, 411-12, 413 Nida Trough, 323 Mikhailov(-sky) Horizon, 362, 363, 364, 380 Nodasperodiscus sp., 257 Milverton Group, 269, 270, 271 Nodosarchadiscus sp., 257 mineral deposits see metal deposits and mineralization Nodular Micrite Unit, 26 mineralizing fluids non-ferroan calcite cements, 214 conduits for, Ireland, 2, 33 non-saccate miospores, 441,442-3, 445, 446 Derbyshire Platform, 36-7, 46, 47, 48 non-skeletal buildups, 65-77, 133-7 Minnaun Formation, 185, 193-4 non-skeletal microbialite structures, 141 Minythyra, 430, 431 Nooks Farm Borehole, 352 miospores, 372, 373, 374, 441,442-3, 445, 446 North Caspian Syneclise, 379 Mississippi Valley-type mineralization, 36, 39, 40, 41 North Mayo succession, 192-5, 197 Mississippian see Early Mississippian North Munster Shelf, 331,341 Moathill Formation, 4, 266, 376, 377 North Solway Fault, 181 Moelfre Limestone, 292 North Solway-Water Beck--Gilnockie Fault System, Mold, exposure surfaces, 284 165 molluscs, 115, 117, 119, 123, 172, 430 North Staffordshire see Apedale shells, 87, 88 North Staffordshire Basin, 350, 354 moravamminids, 87, 88, 112, 122 North Wales, exposure surfaces, 284, 285, 287, 291, Moscow Syneclise 292 biostratigraphy, 368 North Wales Shelf, 282, 294, 295 cyclic stratigraphy, 359-64 North West Province, metal deposits, 4 fish assemblages see East European Platform Northern Urals see East European Platform fish mound v. ramp-related biotic assemblages, 123, 124 assemblages mounds, mud see buildups (mounds); mud-mounds Northwest Basin, 277 Moyny Limestone Formation, 194-5, 197, 198 northwest Ireland see Ireland Moyvoughly, 3, 15, 216 Nunn Member, 113, 121 Muckros Head, 184, 191 mounds and level-bottom beds, 84, 86-91, 92, 93, 97 mud generation, 73, 77 mud-mounds, 65, 67, 70, 74, 127, 266 Oakport Limestone Formation, 27I formation, 323 oil migration studies, Solway Basin, 51-63 see also buildups (mounds) Okian Stage, Russian Platform, 363, 364 458 INDEX

Old Head of Kinsale, 335, 337, 339 Palaeozoic, Upper, Germany, 303 Old Head Sandstone Formation, 333, 339-40 Palastraea regia, 241,377, 380 Old Red Sandstone Pale Beds, Ireland, 8, 208, 209, 211,215, 216, 217 Solway Basin, 170 metal deposits, 4, 7, 10, 15 South Munster Basin, 331,332, 337 Pale Chert Formation (Helle Kieselschiefer), 306, 307, Omphalotis ex gr. chariessa, 368 310, 311-12 oncoids, 130, 133, 225, 227, 323 Palmatolepis expansa conodont Zone, Urals, 417, 418, onychodontid sarcopterygians, 417 421 ooids, 146, 227, 228-9,~233, 235 Palmatolepis postera-Palmatolepsis expansa conodont Opatkowice Platform, 325 Zone, Urals, 417 Oracanthus vetustus Leidy, 406-7, 412 palynofacies, Glenade Sandstone Formation, 437, orbital-forcing and climatic changes, 296-7, 308 438-48 organic compounds, metals and, 45-6, 48 Pandorinellina nota, 410 organic matter, 437, 440-43, 445-47 Paraarchaediscus, 379 Orionastraea, 141,377, 380 Parachaetetes johnsoni, 147, 151 Orodontida Zangerl, 392-5 Paraendothyra, 378 Orodontidae De Koninck, 392-5 Paragnathodus mononodosus, 380 orodontids, 420, 422, 424 Paragnathodus multinodosus Zone, East European Orodus, 420, 425 Platform, 412 'Orodus' tumidus, 390, 394-7, 409, 411 Paragnathodus nodosus, 380, 412 Orroland Group, 52, 53, 165, 166, 167 Paragnathodus nodosus-Gnathodus bilineatus Orroland Limestone Beds, 165 bollandensis-Adetognathus unicornis conodont Orrolond Lodge Formation, 168, 180 Zone, Urals, 420 orthoceratid, 173 Parsonage Beds, 273 orthotetidine, 430 Patrognathus, 374 Ortonella, 130, 133, 137, 140, 227, 232 Patrognathus andersoni Zone, Russian Platform, 361, Osteichthyes, 407-8 411 Osteolepididae, 407-8, 409-10, 411,413 Patrognathus crassus, 361,410 Osteolepiformes, 407-8, 409 Patrognathus crassus conodont Zone, East European ostracodes Platform, 409 Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 321 Patrognathus variabilis, 361,409, 410 Ireland, 189, 194, 258, 372, 375, 380 pectinid bivalves, 233 Ardagh buildup, 134-5 pedunculate brachiopods, 435 Russian Platform, 365, 366, 410 pedunculate orthides, 430 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 90, 91 peloidal micrites, in buildups, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70-1, 72, Alamogordo Member, 115, 117, 119, 123, 124 74, 75, 76, 77 Solway Basin, 173, 174 peloids southwest Spain, 146, 149, 151 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 226-7, 228-9, Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 226-7, 228-9, 230-1 230-1,232 Ostrowka Quarry, 315, 316-18, 323 'Periplectrodus warreni'-type scales, 393, 394 Oxwich Head Limestone, 222, 287, 292 Permian buildups, 77 Ozawainellidae, 227, 231 Petalodontida Zangeri, 405-6, 412 Petalodontidae, 405-6, 412, 413 petalodontids, 420, 425 Pachysphaerina, 320 peyssonelid, 139 Palaeoaplysina buildups, 77 Phanerozoic chert sequences, Culm Basin, 310 palaeobathymetric criteria, 124 ?Phoebodontidae Williams, 399-400 palaeoberesellid algae, 225, 229, 246, 249 phoebodonts, 425 palaeoceanography, Culm Basin, 311-12 Phoebodus australiensis Long, 415 palaeoclimatic cyclicity, 295-8 Phoebodus gothicus Ginter, 417 palaeoenvironmental indicators, 229 Phoebodus limpidus Ginter, 417 palaeogeography Phoebodus sp., 417 Dinantian, Ireland, 239-40, 249, 264 Phoebodus turnerae Ginter & Ivanov, 417 Holy Cross Mountains, 323-6, 327 photic zone delineation, 123 palaeokarst/calcrete relationship, 284-8 Phyllite-Quartzite (PQ) Group (Iberia), 153, 155, palaeoniscids, 417, 420 159 Palaeophycus, 156 phylloid algae, 135 Palaeospiroplectammina, 378 phylloid algal buildups, 75, 76, 77 Palaeospiroplectammina tchernyshinensis, 367, 368 Phylum Vertebrata, 385 Palaeotextularia ex. gr. longiseptata, 241,243 Pig's Cove Member, 333 Palaeothethys, 303, 311-12 placoderms-ptyctodonts, 415 palaeotextulariids, 241,243, 249, 377, 379 Planolites, 156 INDEX 459 platforms, sedimentation controls, Ireland, 263, 'Quartz Marker', Navan limestones, 212 269-72, 274, 276-7 Quasiendothyra spp., 366, 367 Plectogyranopsis, 369 Pleuropugnoides pleurodon, 430, 431,433 Radaevka(-aevsky) Horizon, 361-2, 363, 369, 379 Pleurosiphonella, 149, 151 radiolarian cherts, Culm Basin, 308-9 Plicochonetes, 430 radiolarians, 311, 312 plurilocular foraminifers, 87, 88, 115, 117, 119-120, Radiosphaera, 320 123, 124, 259 rainfall regimes and calcrete formation, 288, 290 Poecilodus aft. cestriensis, 405 ramose bryozoans, 87, 88, 89, 115, 116, 117, 119 Poecilodusjonesii (M'Coy), 404-5, 411 ramp-related v. mound biotic assemblages, 123, 124 Poecilodus sp., 405, 411 ramps Pojarkovella nibelis, 379 biotic gradients, 111-12, 114-25 Poland, carbonate platform reconstruction, 315-27 growth, Ireland, 253-61 polygnathids, 375 sedimentation controls, Ireland, 263, 263-9, 272-4, Polygnathus, 373, 374 276-7 Polygnathus communis carina, 339 southwest Britain, 74 Polygnathus communis carina Biozones, 335, 337, 340, tectonic control, Ireland, 253-61,263-73 378, 419, 424 Rascarrel Group, 165 Polygnathus inornatus, 336 bitumen nodules, 53, 56, 60 Polygnathus mehli Biozone, Ireland, 378 Rathdowney Trend, 23, 24, 26, 28, 29, 32, 33 Polygnathus parapetus, 410, 411 Rathkeale Beds (Formation), 273 Polymorphocodium, 227, 232 red algae, 141 Portling Outlier, bitumen nodules, 52, 53-4, 55, 56, 57, Alamogordo Member, 119, 120, 123, 124 58, 59-60, 61, 62 Holy Cross Mountains, 323, 324 Potholes Limestone, 292 Ireland, 133, 135, 139, 142, 241,375 Powillimount Beds, 170, 172-4, 180 southwest Spain, 146, 147, 151 bitumen nodules, 54, 55, 56, 59 Urswick Limestone Formation, 232 praesulcata Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 322 Red Beds, Navan, 208, 217 Pre-Caspian Depression, 365-7 Red Rock Fault, 347, 348 problematica, 225, 372, 380 Red Wharf Cherty Limestone, 292 Prochernyshinella disputabilis-T, beata Zone, Russian reef-building organisms, 145, 146, 151 Platform, 361 reef-framework buildups, transition to, 142 productoids, 435 reefs protacrodontids, 417, 419 arrested development, Phanzeroic, 73 Protacrodus aequalis sp. nov., 419, 420-21,422, 423 construction, hiatus in, 140 Psammodontidae De Koninck, 405 definitions of, 148, 150 Psammodontidae indet, 405, 412 southwest Spain, 145-51 Psammodontiformes Obruchev, 405-6 true, 65, 145, 148, 150 Psammodus tooth plates, 419, 420 Reenydonagan Formation, 333, 340-1 Psephodontidae Zangerl, 402 regional dolomitization, 29-30, 33 Psephodus, 403,419-20, 425 Renalcis, 67, 71, 72, 140 Psephodus dentatus, 402, 403, 411 Rerrick Outlier, 164, 165, 166-70 ?Psephodus sp., 402-3, 411, 412 bitumen nodules, 52-3, 56, 60, 61, 62 Pseudoammodiscus, 369 Rerrick succession, 180 Pseudochaetetes, 147, 151 Rhenish Massif, 303, 304, 305, 306, 307, 310 Pseudoendothyra, 380 Rhipidomella michelini, 430, 431,432, 433 Pseudoglomospira, 369 rhizocretions, 284, 286, 288, 289, 290, 291,292, 293, Pseudolituotuba, 373 294, 295, 298 Pseudolituotuba gravata, 323, 324 Rhizodontidae Traquair, 408 Pseudolituotubella, 369, 379 Rhizodopsidae Berg, 408 Pseudomonas atlantica, 72 rhodophytes, 135, 139 Pseudoplanoendothyra, 368 rhynchonellides, 430 pseudopolygnathids, 375 rhythmic (°discyclic') bedding, Culm Basin, 307-8 Pseudopolygnathus, 373 Richterina latior-Pseudoleperditia venulosa-Shivaella Pseudopolygnathus rnultistriatus Biozone, Ireland, 378 microphtalma Zone, East European Platform, 408 Pseudozaphrentoides juddi, 257 Ringabella Limestone, 339, 340 Punctospirifer, 430, 431,434 Ringabella Syncline, 334, 335 Pustilatisporites uncatus, Zone, Russian Platform, Ringmoylan Shale Formation, 26, 272-3 361 Rinn Point, 185, 191 Pycnoctenion aft, siberiacus, 408, 409, 411,412 Rinn Point Limestone Formation, 185, 187, 190, 191 pyrite river systems northwest Ireland, 183-205 Derbyshire Platform, 40 Roelough Conglomerate Formation, 183, 185-6, 187, Ireland, 10, 32 192 460 INDEX

Rough Limestone, 292 seismic pumping, 48 Rugose Coral Zones, Ireland, 379, 380 Semiplanus fragilis, 241 rugose corals, 141 Septabrunsiina spp., 367 Holy Cross Mountains, 319, 322 Septarinia leuchtenbergensis, 241 Ireland, 246, 372, 377, 379 sequence biostratigraphy, Russian Platform, 365-9 Cuilcagh Mountains, 258, 259, 260 serpulid worm tubes, 118, 121, 123 Kingscourt, 133, 137, 139, 141 Seven Heads Peninsula, 338, 339 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 149, 151 Shaley Pale Limestones, 208, 209, 217 Rugosochonetes, 430, 431,432, 433 shallow-water buildups, 67 Rugosochonetes celticus, 432, 433 Shalwy Formation, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188-92 Rush Conglomerate, 269 Shalwy Point, 186, 191-2 Russian Platform Shanagolden Limestones, 273 biostratigraphy, 365-9 Shannon Trough, 263, 265, 272-7, 274, 371 cyclic stratigraphy, 359-64 Shap Fell Quarry, 287 see also East European Platform sharks, Urals, 423 Sheeps Head Anticline, 339, 340, 341 Saccamina Limestone, 292 Shivaella microphtalma, 410 Saccamminopsis, 224, 225, 232, 235 Shoreface deposits, 168-9 Saccamminopsis sp., 243, 249, 380 Shurinovkian Stage, Russian Platform, 361,364 Sacramento Mountains, 84-5 siderite, Ireland, 32 buildups (mounds), 83-4, 85, 88-9, 92, 93, 97-108 silica, Derbyshire Platform, 40 biota, 87-9, 90-1, 93 Siliceous Limestone Formation (Kulm-Kieselkalke), compared with European buildups, 91-3 306, 307, 310, 312 level-bottom beds, 85-6, 89-90 siliceous rocks, Culm Basin, 303-12 biota, 88, 90-1, 93 Siliceous Transitional Formation (Kieselige see also Alamogordo Member 13bergangs-Schichten), 306, 307, 312 Salebra sibirica, 375, 376, 377 siliciclastic sediments, Navan, 213-16 salebrids, 115, 116, 117, 119, 122, 123, 124 silicification, Ireland, 31 sandbergi Zone, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 silicified tephra, Culm Basin, 310-11,312 sarcopterygians, 425 silver, Ireland, 3, 32 Sarcopterygii: Dipnoi indet, 411 Silvermines, metal deposits, 1, 3, 10-12, 15, 17 Scaliognathus, 373, 374 Sinopora polonica Nowinski, 322, 324 Scaliognathus anchoralis, 375 Siphonodella, 374 Scaliognathus anchoralis Biozone, Ireland, 337, 378 Siphonodella Biozone, South Munster Basin, 335 Scar Heugh Formation, 166, 167, 180 Siphonodella duplicata Zone, Urals, 419, 421,422 Schizophoria, 430, 431,435 Siphonodella praesulcata conodont Zone, Urals, 417 Schizophoria resupinata, 432, 433 Siphonodella praesulcata-Siphonodella sulcata sclerophagous chondrichthyans, 425 conodont Zones, Urals, 417, 419, 421 sea-level changes, 304 Siphonodella sp., 336 and biodiversity, Ardagh buildup, 139 Siphonodella sulcata conodont Zone, Urals, 417, 418, and cyclic emersion surfaces, Ireland, 215, 216, 217 420, 421,422 and cyclicity of platform carbonates, Ireland, 248-9 Siphonodella sulcata-Siphondella duplicata conodont and exposure surface development, 291,293, 295, Zones, Urals, 419 296, 298 Siphonodendron and sedimentation Ireland, 133, 141,246, 258, 259, 377, 379 Culm Basin, 311,312, 326 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 149 Ireland, 198, 202, 204, 269, 341 Urswick Limestone Formation, 227, 230-1 New Mexico, 124 Siphonodendron intermedium, 256, 257 northern England, 229, 233, 235, 236 Siphonodendron irregulare, 151 sediment gravity-flow deposition, Iberian Pyrite Belt, Siphonodendronjunceum, 241,377, 379 159 Siphonodendron Limestone, southwest Spain, 145, sediment stability, influenced by bacterial mats, 72 146-8, 150, 151 sedimentation Siphonodendron martini, 151,254, 256, 257, 377 Asbian/Brigantian boundary, Ireland, 247-8 Siphonodendron pauciradiale, 256, 257, 377, 379 climatic change and, Culm Basin, 311, 312 Siphonodendron scaleberense, 254, 256, 377 coastal, Ireland, 183-205 Siphonodendron sociale, 241,254, 256, 377 controls on, Ireland, 263-77 Siphonophyllia benburbensis, 255, 256, 257 cyclicity, 282, 295-8 Siphonophyllia cylindrica, 377 Urswick Limestone Formation, 221,222-31,233 Siphonophyllia garwoodi, 377, 430 Navan, 207-11 Siphonophyllia siblyi, 133 sea-level changes and, Culm Basin, 269, 311,312, 326 skeletal stromatolites, in buildups, 71, 72, 73, 74 sediments, reworking, South Munster Basin, 331, Skolithos, 155, 168, 169 333-41 Skreen Fault, 270 INDEX 461

Slane Castle Formation, 4, 266, 272, 376, 377 stethacanthids, 423 Slievenaglasha Formation, 245, 427 Stethacanthus, 417 Sligo, 197, 198, 199, 239 Stethacanthus altonensis, 390-2, 409 smectite, 45, 48, 283 Stethacanthus obtusus, 389-90, 409, 411 smectitic soils, 290 Stigmaria, 198, 363, 364 Snetki-Pavlovskoye, fish assemblages, 396, 400 storm beds Solenopora, 135, 137 southwest Spain, 149, 150, 151 Solenoporaceae, 149, 324 Urswick Limestone Formation, 231,233, 236 solenoporids, 140, 147 Streblodus cf. oblongus, 405, 411,413 Solway Basin, 51-4, 60, 163-5 Strepheoschema fouldensis White, 411 depositional environments, 165-82 Strepheoschema sp., 410, 411 see also thoriferous bitumen nodules, Solway Streptorhynchus, 430 Basin stromatactis south Cumbria/north Lancashire Shelf, 282 in buildups, 73, 90, 102, 104, 133, 134-5, 138 South Munster Basin, 18, 277, 331-2, 375 Ireland, 133, 134-5, 138, 258, 259, 260 biostratigraphy, 333, 335, 336, 339, 372, 377 stromatolites, 71, 72-3, 74, 77, 140, 246 erosion and reworking, 331,333-41 stromatoporoids, 320 metal deposits, 3, 4, 5, 17 strophomenides, 430 South Portugese Zone, 153, 154 subsidence, effect on exposure surfaces, 294-5, South Urals, chondrichthyans, 415-23 298 South Wales, exposure surfaces, 283, 285, 292, 293, sulphide deposits 298 Iberian Pyrite Belt, 153 South Wales Shelf, 295 Ireland, 4, 6, 8, 10, 14, 15, 23, 31-2 Southern Irish Platform, platform carbonates, 240 massive, 24, 26, 30, 31-2 Southerness Beds, 54, 56, 165, 170-2, 174-5, 180 sulphur, Derbyshire Platform, 36 southwest Spain, coral reef-facies, 146-51 Surtseyan eruptions, Shannon Trough, 274-5 'sparmieritization', 72 Sychnoelasma hawbankense, 377 Sphaerinvia, 87, 88, 115, 116, 117-18, 119, 122, 375, Sychnoelasma urbanowitschi, 377 376, 377 Symmoriida Zangerl, 391-94 Sphaerinvia piai, 375, 376, 377 Symmoriidae Dean, 394 sphalerite symmoriids, 417, 419 Derbyshire Platform, 36, 39, 40, 41, 47, 48 Symmorium, 418, 419, 422, 423-4, 425 Ireland, 10, 14, 32 Symmorium occidentalis, 394, 412 spiculiferous micrite, Sacramento Mountains, 93 Syringopora, 149, 151,319 spiculitic cherts, Culm Basin, 310 Syringopora reticulata, 209 Spinoendothrya, 368 syringoporoids, 145 Spinoendothrya costifera- Tuberendothrya tuberculata Syringothyris cuspidata, 165 Zone, Russian Platform, 361 Syringothyris Limestone, Solway Basin, 165 "Spirifer', 430, 431,433,435 Spiriferellina, 430, 431,434 Spiriferellina insculpta, 434 Table Top Member, 97, 106 spiriferides, 430 tabulate corals Spirophyllum praecursor, 377 Holy Cross Mountains, 319, 322, 323 spirorbiid worm shells, 410 southwest Spain, 145, 146, 149, 151 Spirorbis cf, helicteres, 173 Tabulipora, 135 sponges Taeniolepis trautscholdi, 408, 409, 410 Ireland, 134-5, 137, 140, 141, 142, 258, 259 Tatestown, 10, 15, 215 Sacramento Mountains, 87, 88, 89, 90, 91 tectonic control Alamogordo Member, 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, on exposure surface development, 295, 298 123, 124 Holy Cross Mountains, 326 Urswick Limestone Formation, 224, 226-7, 230-1, Ireland, 248, 253-61,269, 272, 276-7, 341 232 of mineralization, 47 Spotted Limestone, 292 North Staffordshire, 353 Stacheia, 232 Solway Basin, 163, 180 stacheiids (stacheiins), 115, 116, 117, 119, 120, 121, Templemary Member, 245, 246, 247 123, 124, 139 tennantite, Ireland, 32 Stacheoides, 134-5, 224, 225, 232, 259 tephra, silicified, 310-11,312 Stainton Quarry, 226-7, 228-9, 230-1,233, 235 terra rossa, 283, 290 'Stemmatias bicristatus', 392 Tetrataxidae, 225 'Stemmatias simplex', 392 Tetrataxis, 133, 136-7, 138-9, 140, 322, 378 Stemmatias-like denticles, 417 Thalassinoides, 222 'Stemmatiid' denticles, 391,392 Thirlstane 'Reverse' Fault, 177 Stethacanthidae Lund, 389-92 Thirlstane Sandstone, 170, 177, 180 462 INDEX thoriferous bitumen nodules, Solway Basin, 51-2, Upper Calcarenite Member, 26 54-6, 57, 58-9, 62 Upper Dark Limestones, Navan, 208, 210 dating, 59-60, 62 Upper Wavy Laminated Unit, 28, 29, 33 formation, 56 Uralodiscus, 379 petrography, 54-6 Urals see East European Platform; South Urals; thorite, Solway Basin, 55, 60 Volga-Urals Thrinacodus, 418, 421,425 uranite radiometric dating method, 54, 60 ?Thrinacodus sp., 399-400, 411 uranium, Solway Basin, 55 thrombolites, 71, 73, 77, 133, 140 Uriconian rocks, Apedale, 347, 348, 352, 356 tidal point bar deposits, northwest Ireland, 191 Urswick Limestone Formation, 221-2, 287, 292 Tierra Blanca Member, 84, 86-91, 92, 93, 97, 99, 100 Asbian carbonates, 222-36 Tikhinella fringae, 320 Tikhinetla measpis, 320 vadose cements, 284, 290-1 Tournaisian Vallatisporites pusillites, 361 buildups, northwestern Europe, 74, 83, 91-2 Valvulinella, 322 clasts, Holy Cross Mountains, 321-3 Valvulinella sp., 257 fish assemblages, East European Platform, 387-411, Variscan basement, Germany, 303-12 412-13 vegetation, on exposure surfaces, 288-90, 292-3 sequence biostratigraphy, Russian Platform, 365-9 Venev(-sky) Horizon, 363, 364, 380 Tournayella discoidea, 378 vertisols, 290 Tournayellidae, 227 Vicinesphaera, 368 trace elements, release from calcite cements, 45-6, 47 Virgen de la Pea, 156 Traeth Bychan Limestone, 292 Visran transgressive cycles, Russian Platform, 359-64 bioherm frameworks, Ireland, 140-1 transgressive surfaces, 202 buildups transgressive systems, Urswick Limestone Formation, bacterial, 67, 68, 69, 72, 74, 75 233, 235 Ireland, 127-42 transtension, 1-18 northwestern Europe, 83, 91-2 trepostome bryozoa/bryozoans, 67, 247, 258, 259 carbonates and shales, northwest Ireland, 195-6 trilobites clasts, Holy Cross Mountains, 322 Holy Cross Mountains, 320, 321,322 coral reefs, southwest Spain, 141, 145-51 Ireland, 258, 259 fish assemblages, East European Platform, 385-411 Sacramento Mountains, 115, 117, 119 polymictic debrites, Holy Cross Mountains, 318-23, Scotland, 433 325-7 southwest Spain, 146, 151 sequence biostratigraphy, Russian Platform, 365-9 Urswick Limestone Formation, 224, 232 Viseidiscus, 379 Trim Borehole, 266 Vissariotaxis, 135, 225, 230-1,235, 336, 380 Trowbarrow Quarry, 233 Vissariotaxis compressa, 241,243 Trwyn Dwlban, 297 Vissariotaxis sp., 256, 257 Tuberendothyra tuberculata Lipina, 367, 368 volcanic rocks, 272,274-76, 303,306, 310, 347-8, 353-4 tufts, 272, 274-76, 303, 306, 310, 345-7, 348-56 Volcanic-Siliceous Complex (VSC), 153-4, 155 Tula Formation, fish assemblages, 390, 402, 403, volcanism, Shannon Trough, 274-6 405, 411 Volga-Urals, sequence biostratigraphy, 365-7, 368 Tula (Tulsky) Horizon, 362, 363, 380 Voronezh Anteclise, 365 Tulathyris vogdti, 410 cyclic stratigraphy, 359-64 Tumulispora malevkensis Palynozone, Russian fish assemblages, 411,413 Platform, 361 Tunstead Quarry, 283, 285, 287 Wales, exposure surfaces, 283, 284, 285 Tylothyris, 430, 431 Wall Hill Sandstone Group, 52, 53, 165, 166 Tylothyris laminosa, 432 Walterstown Block, 270 Tynagh, metal deposits, 3, 12-14, 15 Walterstown Fault, 269, 270 typicus Zone, Lake Valley Formation, 84 Warnantella, 243 Warton Crag, 226-7, 228, 229, 230, 231-2 Ungdarella water depth indicators, 227, 235 Ireland, 241,243, 244, 246, 248, 249, 375 Waulsortian Ardagh buildup, 130, 133, 134-5, 136-7, 139, 140, buildups, 24, 26, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 66, 67, 73, 74, 75, 142 76, 77, 100, 208, 209-10, 217, 337 Urswick Limestone Formation, 225, 228-9, 230-1, Europe, 92, 93, 111, 112 232 Ireland, 92, 260-1,268 Upa Horizon, fish assemblages, 385, 388, 390, 394, New Mexico, 83-95, 97-108, 111, 112-13, 121-4, 399, 400, 402, 403, 408, 409, 410, 411 140, 266 Upa Horizon, 361,362 calcite, 30 Upinsky-Karakubsky Horizon boundary, 368 phases, depth interpretations, 123-4 INDEX 463 wave-dominated delta environments, Iberian Pyrite Xenacanthidae Fritsch, 39 Belt, 157-8 xenacanthids, Russia, 412, 425 wave-resistant structures, 140, 141, 145 Xenacanthiformes Berg, 398-9 Weberiphillipsia, 431 Xenacanthus ?nebraskensis Johnson, 399, 412, 420, 421, Welsh Marches, Uriconian rocks, 348 425 Wem-Red Rock Fault System, 355, 356 Xenacanthus luedersensis Berman, 425 west Cumbria Shelf, 282 Western Anticline, Apedale, 345, 346, 347 Yoredale cyclothems, Ireland, 239 western Ireland brachiopod facies, 427-35 zaphrentids, 258, 259, 435 see also Ireland Zareby Beds, 316, 317, 325 Westphalian Zone, Germany, 307, 312 zinc, Derbyshire Platform, 39, 42, 43, 45, 47, 48 White Limestone, 292 zinc-lead(-silver) deposits, Ireland, 1, 3, 10, 11, 23-34, Woodtown boreholes, 266, 376, 377 207, 217, 264 Woodtown Member, 266 Zolotoy Verkh Ravine, fish assemblages, 394, 400 woody material, 441-45 Zoophycus, 107, 201