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Download PDF ( Final Version , 3Mb ) Drinkgezelschappen en sn Het Varnousgebergte in Noordwe Tekst: Albert De enorme indruk die onze reis naar Noordoost-Griekenlandheeft gemaakt tot de meeste Griekse gebergten is Vliegenthart in 2004 heeft ertoe geleid dat we in 2005 wederom naar Griekenland zijn het Varnous vrij goed begaanbaar. De beste de in keer hebben Noordwest- Centraal- plaatsen om bergen afgereisd. Dit we in 18 dagen nu juist en te trekken zijn bij Agios Germanos reizen 130 Griekenland bezocht. Beide leverden rond de vlindersoorten op en vanaf de pas bij Pisoderi waar de en het zou teveel worden om alles te beschrijven. In dit artikel wil ik me E 4 wandelroute dwars doorhet gebergte loopt. Beide routes zijn beperken tot het Varnousgebergte in het Noordwesten van Griekenland, zeer goed te bewandelen en leiden waar we van 13 tot en met 16 juni verbleven. je langs een van de vlinderrijkste stukken van Griekenland. Alpiene hellingen Vanaf Agios Germanos kun je een- voudig de beek volgen het geberg- te in. Je waant je in een oase van rust, waarbij je aandacht voortdu- rend wordt getrokken door de mas- sale aanwezigheid van vlinders. Tientallentot soms wel honderden blauwtjes vormen drinkgezelschap- pen bij de kleine stroompjes die van de bergen stromen. Zo'n drinkgezel- schap bestaat meestal uit meerdere soorten, als vals heideblauwtje (Plebeius idas), klaverblauwtje (Polyommatus semiargus) en brem- blauwtje (Polyommatus eroides). Niet alleen blauwtjes maar ook dikkopjes, witjes en soms ook parelmoervlin- ders kun je in een drinkgezelschap treffen. De hellingen met een alpien karak- Ligging Het Varnousgebergte ligt tussen Florina en het Kleine Prespameer, Vlieqenthart tegen de Macedonische grens. Het is een vrij groot gebergte waarbij de Albert hoogste top op 2177 meter ligt. Net achter de stad Florina ontpoppen de bermen zich al tot ware vlinder- paradijzen en leidenje naar het Varnousgebergte. In tegenstelling Butterflies in the Varnous Mountains of Greece account The author gives an of butterfly and dragonflyspecies seen during a trip to the beautiful Varnous Mountains in north- Greece. This hosts of western region a large variety butterfly spe- cies, some of which occur in vast numbers on the mountain the butterflies slopes. Among many interesting were species typical for the Balkans. aantreffen. In dit soort beekdalen kan men de grote schaduwzandoog (inzet) 18 Vlinders 4 2005 elle rakkers st-Griekenland ter zijn goed voor een ruim scala het gebied nog behoorlijk groen is aan soorten. Overal zie je luzerne- in juni. Vliegenthart vlinders, waarbij enkele bijzonder door kleur. Ook libellen opvallen een vrij warme Albert Het zijn balkanluzernevlinders Een beekdal is natuurlijk ook interes- (Colias caucasica) die met grote snel- sant voor libellen. Met goed weer heid voorbij vliegen. Deze soort kun je tientallenbronlibellen zien komt zeer sporadisch voor in Noord- jagen. Het is bijzonder lastig de Griekenland, maar kan soms best bronlibellenop naam te brengen Toch talrijk zijn. blijft het lastig om omdat er wel vier soorten voorko- vooral de vrouwtjes van de zuide- men. In Griekenland zijn de beekjuf- lijke- (C. alfacariensis), oranje (C. cro- fers ook wat lastiger te determine- ceus) de balkanluzernevlinder dan Nederland. en (C. ren in Met een paar caucasica) te herkennen.Verder vlie- goede soortbeschrijvingen blijken De zuidelijke bronlibel. de enkele de toch ondersoorten gen op hellingen typische meeste te zijn een moeilijke rakker. Deze soort soorten zoals 0(P. ero- die met in bremblauwtje name de Balkan voorko- houdt zich op in loofbossen, hoog voorbeeld de ides),, balkanhooibeestje men. Een is vorm bal- in de kruinen en komt nauwelijks (Coenonympha rhodopensis), balkan- canica van de weidebeekjuffer, die naar beneden.Voor de echte door- vuurvlinder (l condens) en sterk (Lycaeana lijkt op de, niet in Griekenland zetter zit er een kansje in om hem, geelbandspikkeldikkopje (/Pyrgus voorkomende, Iberische beekjuffer soms na enkele uren, tegen te Niet alleen sidae). oostelijke soorten, 0Calopteryx. xanthostoma). komen in de gemengde bossen bij maar ook de meer bekende soorten het Prespameer. Onder de fruitbo- los. Lunch vliegen er op Zwarte apollovlin- men, die een welkome afwisseling der Parnassius 0 mnemosyne) en In de schaduwrijke plekken kun je van de lunch bieden, jagen verschil- groot geaderd witje (/Aporia crataegl) lekker lunchen. Maarook tijdens het lende duinparelmoervlinders massaal zijn aanwezig op de hellin- eten is het goed opletten. De grote (Argynnis niobe) achter elkaar aan. het water laat de violette gen. Bij schaduwzandoog (iKirinia roxelana) Een enkele keer schrikt er een kardi- vuurvlinder (Lycaeana(i zich fladdertjuist onder de bomen en naalsmantel die alclphron) (A pandora ) op, benaderen. goed Later in de zomer struiken, zoals naam al doet ver- toch anders zijn is dan de er op lijkende dit vormt gebied een belangrijke moeden, in de schaduw. Zijn veel keizersmantel (A paphia). plek voor oostelijke glanserebia zeldzamere broertje, de kleine scha- (Erebia ottomana). Opvallend is dat duwzandoog (K. climene), is echt Aan de andere kant van de heuvel Vanaf de pas vlakbij het dorp Pisoderi, kan de zuidkant van het Albert gebergte worden bezocht. Ook hier trefje bloemrijke weiden en leuke Vliegenthart bosrandjes aan. Tientallen zwarte apollovlinders (P. mnemosyne) wor- den haast gewoon, HetVarnous massief is een van de weinige plek- ken waar je de moerasparelmoer- vlinder {lEuphydryas aurinia) kunt vin- den in Griekenland. Het is een zeer lokale soort die ter plaatse redelijk veel voorkomt. In het hele gebied wemelt het van de voorjaarserebia's (Erebia medusa), die soms met tien- tallen tegelijk opvliegen als je voor- bij loopt. Kleine felle parelmoervlin- ders blijken de balkanparelmoertjes (Boloria graeca) te zijn, een soort die Balkanvuurvlinder. veel op "onze" veenbesparelmoer- Vlinders 4 2005 19 vlinder (B. aquilionaris) lijkt. En ook hier weer de groteaantallen blauw- tjes. We hadden om in de loofbos- AlbertVliegenthart geluk sen een wat vreemde grote vos (Nymphalis polychloros) te zien. Bij nadere inspectie bleek het geen grote vos maar een oostelijke vos (N. xanthomelas). Deze soort komt hier zeer lokaal nog voor, maar wordt vaak niet meer gezien in tegenstel- die hier ling tot de grote vos haast algemener lijkt dan de kleine vos (Aglais urticae). Een groot nadeel van de bossen aan de zuidkant was het grote aantal dazen op sommige plekken. Dan is het niet bepaald Moerasparelmoervlinder. prettig om uitgebreid dikkopjes te determineren. het te vinden. Bijzondere soorten als de toen we na avondeten nog een rondwandelden. vielen Omgeving Prespa vogelwaterjuffer (Coenagrionorna- stukje Ze op Het Prespameer is een van de tum), bruine korenbout (iLibellula doorhun enorme emissie van licht, de keizerlibel fel als belangrijkste broedplaatsen voor fulva) en zuidelijke (/Anax haastzo een aansteker, in aantreffen kroeskop- en rosse pelikaan in parthenope), kun je bij het plaats van een zacht neonachtig Europa. De wegen rond het gebied water of bij de kanaaltjes in de lichtje. de de de het geven mogelijkheid om over nabije omgeving van het meer. Zeker door ligging van het ook enorme rietvelden heen te kijken. Je Door verschillende hoogtes en vari- Prespameer is voor vogels hoort de grote karekieten boven atie van bos naar open landschap te een zeer interessant gebied. Naast alles vlie- alle uit roepen en regelmatig bezoeken, zie je een grote diversiteit bijna reigersoorten, vliegen er ook leuke als gen er leuke reigersoorten over als aan dagvlindersoorten. Niet alleen soorten hop, bijeneter, zelfs ralreiger, kwak en woudaap. De buiten de dorpen is het scoren, wielewaal, roodkopklauwieren en directe het dit heb- omgeving van meer is er middenin is het mogelijk. Zo balkansperwer. Na gebergte tocht vrij arm aan vlindersoorten, hoewel vloog een oostelijke pijpbloemvlin- ben we onze vervolgd richting je hier wel kans hebt op soorten als der (/Zerynthia cerisii) over een het zuiden, alwaarwe wederom kaasjeskruiddikkopje (<Carcharodes schoolpleintje met spelende kinde- zeer veel en ook weer andere Uiteraard de Toch alcae) en tijgerblauwtjes (iLampides ren. niet meest geschik- vlindersoortentegenkwamen. boeticus). Libellen zijn er weer volop te plek, maar die lagen meer rond- heeft het Varnousgebergte met zijn de achter de zeer een Kardinaalsmantel. om moestuintjes vriendelijke bevolking school. Blauwe ijsvogelvlinders bijzondere indruk gemaakt door de Albert (Limenitis reducta) en koningspages rust en de bijhorende flora en fauna. (Iphlicides podalirius) zijn aan de orde de ook vaak Vliegenthart van dag en vliegen in de dorpjes. Vlinderforum vlinder- Het Varnousgebergte is zeer Een overzicht van de waargenomen dat rijk en voor wie nog niet genoeg soorten in het Varnousgebergte zal wor- het vlinderforum is, kun je er van alles tegenkomen. den geplaatst op op zal De griekse landschildpad regel- www.vlinderstichting.nl, onder het kopje matig je pad kruisen, maar ook vlin- "buitenlandse vlindergebieden". derhaften, bidsprinkhanen, vliegend hert, spectaculaire sprinkhanen en opvallend gekleurde spinnen. We vonden een groepje vuurvliegjes 20 Vlinders 4 2005.
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