Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes Report 2017 Table of Contents
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Northwestern Health Unit Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes Report 2017 Table of Contents Acknowledgements .................................................................................................................................... 2 Executive summary .................................................................................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 4 NWHU catchment area map ..................................................................................................................... 5 Mortality ....................................................................................................................................................... 6 Suicide ..................................................................................................................................................... 6 Hospitalization............................................................................................................................................. 7 Intentional self-harm .............................................................................................................................. 7 Mental and behavioural disorders ....................................................................................................... 9 Substance misuse ................................................................................................................................ 12 Alcohol misuse ...................................................................................................................................... 14 Discussion and limitations ....................................................................................................................... 15 References ................................................................................................................................................ 17 Appendix 1: Data sources and analysis methods ............................................................................... 18 Appendix 2: ICD-10 and DSM-IV codes ............................................................................................... 20 Appendix 3: Definitions ............................................................................................................................ 21 Appendix 4: Local Health Hubs .............................................................................................................. 23 List of figures Figure 1: Age-specific mortality from suicide, NWHU and Ontario, rates per 100,000 per year, 2002-2011 combined ................................................................................................................. 6 Figure 2: Hospitalization from intentional self-harm in the 10-24 age group, rates per 100,000, 2008-2015 .................................................................................................................................. 7 Figure 3: Hospitalization from intentional self-harm by age and sex, NWHU, rates per 100,000 per year, 2011-2015 combined .................................................................................................. 8 Figure 4: Hospitalization from intentional self-harm by age and sex, NWHU and Ontario, rates per 100,000 per year, 2011-2015 combined ............................................................................... 8 Figure 5: Hospitalization from intentional self-harm in the 10-24 age group by Local Health Hub area, rates per 10,000 per year, 2008-2015 combined ............................................................... 9 Figure 6: Hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders in the 10-24 age group, rates per 10,000, 2008-2015 ..............................................................................................................10 Figure 7: Hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders by age and sex, NWHU and Ontario, rates per 10,000 per year, 2011-2015 combined .........................................................11 Figure 8: Hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders the 10-24 age group by Local Health Hub area, rates per 10,000 per year, 2008-2015 combined ...........................................11 Figure 9: Causes of hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders in the 10-24 age group, NWHU, 2015 ..................................................................................................................12 Figure 10: Hospitalization from substance misuse by age group, NWHU and Ontario, rates per 100,000 per year, 2011-2015 combined ....................................................................................13 Figure 11: Causes of hospitalization from substance misuse in the 10-24 age group, NWHU, 2011-2015 combined ................................................................................................................14 Figure 12: Hospitalization from alcohol misuse by age group, NWHU and Ontario, rates per 100,000 per year, 2011-2015 combined ....................................................................................15 Northwestern Health Unit Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes Report, 2017 1 Acknowledgements Thank you to Firefly for input into the development of this report. Without your passion, expertise and contributions the following report would not have been possible Authors Dorian Lunny, Epidemiologist Samantha Jibb, Planning and Evaluation Specialist Editors Kit Young Hoon, Medical Officer of Health Alex Berry, Manager, Foundations and Communications Services For more information about this report, please contact: Kit Young Hoon, Medical Officer of Health 210 First Street North, Kenora, ON P9A 2K4 807-274-9827 ex: 3266 [email protected] OR Samantha Jibb, Planning and Evaluation Specialist 396 Scott Street, Fort Frances, ON P9A 1G9 807-274-9827 ex: 3647 [email protected] Northwestern Health Unit Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes Report, 2017 2 Executive summary This report outlines key population health indicators relating to mental health outcomes in the population aged 10-24 in Northwestern Ontario. The statistics in the report focus on the geographical area of the Northwestern Health Unit (NWHU) catchment area and focus on intentional self-harm and suicide, hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders, as well as alcohol and substance misuse. Some key findings of the report include: Between 2002 and 2011 the mortality rate from suicide in the 15-24 age group in the NWHU area was 59.1 per 100,000 per year. o This is eight times as high as the provincial rate in this age group of 7.4 per 100,000 per year. o It is also statistically higher than the rates in all other age groups in the NWHU area. In 2015 there were 75 hospitalizations from intentional self-harm in the NWHU area in the 10-24 population. o This equals an incidence rate of 447.2 per 100,000, which is nearly four times as high as the provincial rate of 118.1 per 100,000. o 63 of these hospitalizations (84%) were in females, who have much higher rates than males in this younger age group. The population aged 10-24 in the NWHU area has higher rates of hospitalization from mental and behavioural disorders compared to the province. o In 2015 the rate in the NWHU area was 153.8 per 10,000, which was statistically higher than the provincial rate of 94.9 per 10,000. o The rate in the NWHU area increased by 40% between 2008 and 2015. Hospitalization rates from substance misuse in the 10-24 population are also higher in the NWHU area compared to the province. o In 2015 there were 29 hospitalizations from mental and behavioural disorders caused by substance misuse in this population in the NWHU area. At a rate of 172.9 per 100,000, this was over twice as high as the provincial rate of 76.2 per 100,000. Alcohol is the leading cause of substance-misuse hospitalization among the 10-24 population. o The hospitalization rate from alcohol misuse in the NWHU area between 2011 and 2015 was 70.6 per 100,000 per year, over five times as high as the provincial rate of 13.1 per 100,000 per year. These indicators provide evidence that child and youth mental health outcomes are particularly adverse in Northwestern Ontario, and help to focus in on key areas and demographics that can be targeted for improvement. Northwestern Health Unit Child and Youth Mental Health Outcomes Report, 2017 3 Introduction It is estimated that approximately 20% of children and youth in Ontario experience a mental health challenge (MCYS, 2016). The Centre for Addictions and Mental Health (CAMH) reported that youth aged 15-24 were more likely than any other age group to experience a mental illness and/or substance abuse disorder (2016). Since 70% of mental health challenges begin in childhood or adolescence (MCYS, 2016), the need to understand and address child and youth mental health is becoming a top priority in Ontario, and around the world. Mental illness can greatly affect child and adolescent development, success in school and ability to live a fulfilling and productive live (WHO, 2016), highlighting the need to support this age group. The need to support and address child and youth mental health is evident given that suicide is the second leading cause of death among youth aged 10-24 in Canada (PHAC, 2016). The ‘Youth Suicide Prevention Plan’ reports that in the last year in Ontario,