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Houses and Homes 27 LESSON # 33 LET's DISCUSS HOUSES

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Houses and Homes 27 LESSON # 33 LET's DISCUSS HOUSES Houses and Homes LESSON #3 LET'S DISCUSS HOUSES, HOMES AND APARTMENTS HOUSE, HOME AND APARTMENT DEFINED HOUSE is a structure serving as a dwelling for one or more families. It is a place of abode; a residence. To house as a verb is to provide with a house; to furnish living quarters to. To house also means to cover with a roof; to shelter; to lodge; or to dwell. HOME is a place where people cook, eat, sleep, and care for their children, where they are protected from the weather, the sun, rain, snow, wind, insects, wild animals, and other dangers. A home is a place where one lives; a residence; a habitation. A home is a structure or portion thereof within which one lives, as a house or an apartment. It is a shelter of happiness and love. Home is a refuge or place of origin. The place where one was born or spent one=s early childhood, as town, state, or country. An institution where people are cared for: a nursing home, a children's home, a home for the blind, etc. Home may also be the base of operations such as home office, home plate, home rule. APARTMENT is a room or suite of rooms designed for housekeeping and is generally located in a building which includes other such rooms or suites. In England an apartment is referred to as a FLAT. A building divided into apartments is called an apartment building or an apartment house. 27 Let's Discuss It 28 Houses and Homes USEFUL VERBS AND PHRASAL VERBS ALLOW (d): permit; neither forbid nor prevent. BE COZY: show warmth and ease. (cozier than, the coziest) BELONG (d): have a proper place; be a member. BOLT (id): fasten with a bolt. BREAK INTO – BROKE INTO --BROKEN INTO: enter a business, a home, or a car by breaking a window or a door with intentions to steal something. BUILD - BUILT - BUILT: construct; form a structure. BURGLARIZE (d): to break into and steal. BUY - BOUGHT - BOUGHT: purchase; acquire with money. DECORATE (id): add something to enhance the appearance or beauty of. DESIGN (d): formulate a plan for realizing something; create; work out details. DESTROY (d): bring to ruin; put and end to. DWELL (d) also DWELT- DWELT: reside; live. ENHANCE (t): improve in value; to bring out highlights. FURNISH (t): provide with what is needed; supply furniture. GET ALONG–GOT ALONG–GOTTEN ALONG: be on friendly terms with; meet one's needs. IGNORE (d): refuse to notice; give no attention to. INVESTIGATE (id): study closely and systematically. LAST (id): continue in existence or operation; remain indefinitely in existence; stay. LEASE (t): rent; contract real estate for rent. LOCK (t): make fast with a lock; secure with a mechanical device. LOCK (t) UP: secure all doors and windows. MAINTAIN (d): keep in a good state of repair and use. MOVE (d): change residence. OWN (d): possess; have possession of. PAVE (d): cover to a smooth or firm surface. PROTECT (id): to keep safe from danger, harm or attack; shield from injury. RENT (id): money paid for the use of another's property. RESIDE (id): make one's home; live at; dwell at. ROB (d): to take something from someone by unlawful force or threat of violence. RUN AWAY - RAN AWAY - RUN AWAY: escape from or abandon one's home. STEAL – STOLE – STOLEN: to take secretly or by force the belongings of someone else. 29 Let's Discuss It USEFUL WORDS APARTMENT BUILDING: a set of usually rented rooms. BARRIO: a Hispanic neighborhood. BASEMENT: part of a building below ground level. BELONGINGS: possessions. BLUEPRINT: the photographic print of white lines on blue background of a drawing; building plans. Also CYANOTYPE. BUILDING MATERIALS: ADOBE: a sun-dried building brick. BRICK: a building block of baked clay. CEMENT BLOCK: hardened mixture of clay and limestone. CONCRETE: hard material made of cement, sand, gravel, and water. EARTH: sod, soil, land, turf. GLASS: transparent substance made by melting sand and other minerals such as lead or copper. IRON: metallic chemical element. LAMINATED METAL: thin layers of metal. LEAVES: the green outgrowth of plants such as palm leaf. LOG: unfinished timber. LUMBER: timber dressed and prepared for building use. MUD: soft wet earth. PLASTER: hardening paste for coating walls and ceilings. STEEL: tough carbon-containing iron. STONE: small piece of rock. TIMBER: rough-cut wood for building; a wooded area. WOOD: the product of trees. BRICKLAYER: a workman who builds with stone or brick. BUNGALOW: a small one-story house. BURGLAR: a person who commits burglary. BURGLARY: the felony of breaking into and entering the house of another with the intent to steal by night or by day. CABIN: a small house often rustic in style and made of logs. COBBLESTONE: small round paving stones; river-bed stones. COTTAGE: a small house. CYANOTYPE: a photographic print of architectural or mechanical plans. Also BLUEPRINT. DILAPIDATED: fallen into partial ruin. DOMICILE: home; the place where one lives. DUPLEX: a two-level or two-family house. DWELLING: the place where one lives. EXPENSE: the cost. EXPENSIVE: costly; high in cost or price. FALLOUT SHELTER: a special construction for protection against atomic explosion and fallout. 30 Houses and Homes FENCE: an enclosing barrier especially of wood or wire. FIXED: established such as fixed expenses or fixed rent. FLOOR: story of a building; the bottom of a room on which one stands. GHETTO: part of a city in which members of a minority group have businesses or live. GYPSY: wanderer; when capitalized Gypsy refers to a people noted for frequent migrations. HIGH-RISE: multi storied building. HOMELESS: without a home or place to stay. HOMEOWNER: a person who owns a home; the home proprietor. HUT: small often temporary dwelling; a small simply constructed dwelling often for temporary or intermittent occupancy. (See SHACK) INCOME: the amount received usually measured in money. INEXPENSIVE: not costly; low in cost or price. LANDLADY: female owner of a property. LANDLORD: male owner of a property. LOT: a plot of land; small area of land, also called a plat. MAINTENANCE: the work required to keep something in proper condition. MASON: a skilled workman who builds with stone or brick; a bricklayer. MASONRY: stonework or brickwork. MOBILE HOME or TRAILER HOME: a shelter that can be moved from one place to another either by a self-contained motor or by a tow vehicle. MORTGAGE: transfer of property rights as security for a loan. NEIGHBOR: one living near or next to another person. NEIGHBORHOOD: the area and the people of a particular vicinity. NOMAD: a person who has no permanent home. NOOK: a quiet or secluded space such as a breakfast nook. PAYMENTS: the discharge of an obligation usually with money. PENTHOUSE: a rooftop apartment. PREMISES: piece of land with structures on it. Premises is always plural in this sense. PUBLIC UTILITIES: gas, light, water, police protection, garbage collection, etc. REAL ESTATE: property in house and land. RUN-DOWN: in poor condition. SHACK: a hut. (See HUT) SHUTTER: a moveable cover for a window used as a protection. SLUM: thickly populated area marked by poverty. STORM SHELTER: a general term meaning any construction, usually underground, for protection against foul weather. Also more specifically named as a tornado shelter, hurricane shelter, bomb shelter, etc. STORY: floor; a complete horizontal section of a building as in a two-story house. TENANT: a person who occupies a rented dwelling. TENT: a collapsible shelter. UPKEEP: the cost of keeping up or maintaining a home. YARD: an enclosed roofless area; the grounds of a building. 31 Let's Discuss It WOULD YOU BELIEVE IT? 1. The saying "A man's home is his castle" has a deeper meaning than it would first appear to have. By English law the meaning is that every man has the right to protect his home against aggression, assault, or robbery. It also means that he cannot be taken from his home without a written document accusing him of a crime against a fellow man or the state. He has the right to bear arms against all aggressors, much the same as when feudal lords once defended their castles against attack. 2. In England all property once belonged to the king and, therefore, was royal land. Favored king=s subjects were given a royal grant which gave them the right of tenancy for a certain limited period of time. Later this royal grant became a permanent right and became known as real estate. 3. The Romans invented concrete in the 2nd or 3rd century B.C. by mixing volcanic ash with lime. This discovery is ranked as one of Rome's greatest achievements. After the fall of the Roman Empire (27 B.C. - A.D. 395) concrete fell into disuse and was not used again as a building material until the early 19th century. In 1824 an English bricklayer named Joseph Aspdin invented a concrete which looked very much like an English stone called Portland stone. He called his concrete Portland and the name has been used ever since. 4. The construction of multi storied buildings was not possible before two very important inventions: the elevator (Elisha G. Otis, 1853), and steel (Sir Henry Bessemer 1855). The Bessemer process for making steel gave iron the added strength that made high-rise buildings possible and the Otis elevator solved the problem of how to get people and materials above the second story. The combination of steel and the elevator is what made high-rise building both feasible and practical. 5. For years the 102 stories of the Empire State Building set the record as the world=s tallest building.
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