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Internet 101 Handout To register for computer training at Kitsap Regional Library please call your local branch: Bainbridge: 206-842-4162 Downtown Bremerton: 360-377-3955 Kingston Library: 360-297-3330 Little Boston: 360-297-2670 Manchester: 360-871-3921 Port Orchard: 360-876-2224 Poulsbo: 360-779-2915 Silverdale Library: 360-692-2779 Sylvan Way: 360-405-9100 or Toll-Free 1-877-883-9900 Or visit the KRL website www.krl.org to view class dates and times 2 Welcome to Internet 101 at Kitsap Regional Library. This ninety-minute lesson offers an introduction to the Internet and World Wide Web, and provides hands-on training to help you begin using the Internet to locate information. Students participating in this lesson will learn: • the Internet browser and its components • website addresses and menus • search engines & web directories • tips for verifying website credibility • how to print information off the web • tips for Internet security The Internet can be used for many purposes: to locate information, communicate, manage finances, purchase goods and services, or to be simply entertained by music, movies, and games. The full capacity of what can be achieved using the Internet is of course dependent upon the technology included or added to a computer. At the Kitsap Regional Library there are many things you can do on the computers once connected to the Internet, for example you can: • browse the World Wide Web • use a Search Engine to find a website • access the library’s electronic resources • send Electronic Mail (or E-mail) • shop for online goods and services • read the daily news • access your bank account • submit online applications for employment, school, volunteer etc.. CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 3 The Internet Browser Browser Toolbars • Title Bar • Menu Bar • Tool Bar • Address Bar Scroll Box Webpage Status Bar Task Bar CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 4 The Basic Browser Icons Allows the user to go Back one page Allows the user to go Forward one page Tells the browser to Stop loading the current web page Brings the user back to the entry page of their Internet session. In the library, this page is the KRL Home page. Tells the browser to Refresh or reload the current web page Allows the user to Print a webpage Allows the user to Minimize (make smaller) the window and store it on the task bar without closing the window Allows the user to Maximize (full screen) the window to its full size. A maximized window will fill up the entire screen. Allows the user to Restore the window to its previous size Allows the user to Exit and Close a window CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 5 Website Addresses The Uniform Resource Locator http://www.krl.org Each website on the web is identified by a unique Domain Name. And each web page within a site is named to provide a specific access address. This address is known as a URL (Uniform Address Locator). For example, the KRL website address is http://www.krl.org http:// (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) The Protocol used to transfer data over the Internet. A website address usually begins with the http, but it is not necessary to enter it into the address bar when searching for a website. www (World Wide Web) The www identifies the document as one that is published on the World Wide Web utilizing html as the computer language. In the past it was fundamental to include www when entering an address into the address bar, but as the Internet has progressed it is now becoming less necessary. “Every computer on the Internet has a unique address called its "IP address" (Internet Protocol address). Because IP addresses (which are strings of numbers) are hard to remember, the DNS (Domain Name System) allows a familiar string of letters (the "domain name") to be used instead. So rather than typing "192.0.34.163," you can type (its domain name) www.icann.org” Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers A domain name includes an identifier of the entity that owns the domain (“KRL”) and an extension that describes the type of entity. There are two types of Domain Extensions: generic and country codes. The following are examples of generic Domain Extensions. These first three are restricted to educational, government, and military entities. .edu – education (University of Washington www.washington.edu/ ) .gov – government (Access Washington http://access.wa.gov/ ) .mil – military (US Navy http://www.navy.mil/ ) And the following three are open to any person or entity wishing to register. .org – organization (http://www.npr.org ) .com – commercial (Costco http://www.costco.com/ ) .net – network provider (Comcast http://www.comcast.net/home.html ) The following are examples of country code Domains: .uk – United Kingdom (BBC News http://news.bbc.co.uk/ ) .ca – Canada (The Atlas of Canada http://atlas.gc.ca/ ) .fr – France (The Louvre http://www.louvre.fr/ ) CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 6 Search Engines and Web Directories Search Engine A search engine is a tool that allows a person to search for websites by entering key words into a search box. Search engines use “crawler-based technology” to match your keywords with webpages indexed by the search engine. The crawler-based technology relies on “computer spiders” to locate matching text using carefully engineered algorithms. Two popular search engines used today: Google www.google.com Yahoo www.yahoo.com To access these search engines from the library’s home page, click on the Search the Web link. Here you will see a list of search engines. Web Directory A web directory is a collection of websites evaluated and categorized by human beings. Each website in a web directory has been evaluated and classified by individuals working for that particular company or organization. Below is a list of three popular web directories used today: Google Directory http://www.google.com/dirhp Yahoo Directory http://search.yahoo.com/ (then click on link to directory) DMOZ Directory http://www.dmoz.org/ To aid you in your search for information on the web, the librarians at Kitsap Regional Library have put together several web directories. Links to the following directories can be found on the KRL Home Page: Research Corner Find Local Information Small Business Tools Kidstuff Movie and Music Lovers Further Questions Information found under the Ask a Librarian link, also located on the library’s Home page, provides library patrons with the opportunity to ask reference librarians questions through email. The KRL librarians have also compiled answers to Frequently Asked Questions under this same link CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 7 Website Credibility When evaluating a website, here are some questions to ask to determine the credibility of the information found on the website: Authority • Who is responsible for the site? An individual, a business, an organization? • Is there an About Us link or Author listed? • Is there a Contact Us link that provides a phone number and/or physical address of the business, individual, or organization? What type of web site is it? • What is its Top Level Domain? The domains .edu, .gov, and .mil are restricted top level domains, any others have unrestricted registration. Restricted Registration Open to Anyone .edu = educational .org = organization .gov = government .net = network/utilities .mil = military .com = commercial Accuracy • Is the information correct? • If you’re unsure, where could you find more information about the particular topic? Currency • When was the web site created or updated last? • Do the links work? • Are the links up-to-date? Most websites post copyright dates at the bottom of their Home Page. An automated date does not indicate when the information was last updated. For example, many news sites automatically post the current date and time. Objectivity • Why was the site created? • Is its goal to sell? Examples: www.amazon.com; www.ebay.com; • To persuade? Examples: corner.nationalreview.com • To advocate an agenda? Example: www.whitehouse.org • To inform? www.access.wa.gov CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 8 Internet Security It’s wise to be cautious about security when using the Internet. The following websites offer guidelines for Internet users. American Bar Association Security Tips http://www.safeshopping.org/security.shtml National Cyber Security Alliance http://www.staysafeonline.info/ Protecting your personal information: • Do not reply to an e–mail or a pop–up message that asks for personal or financial information. • When sharing confidential information, look for the padlock symbol in the lower right corner of the web page and the “https://” denotation in the web page address. This designates a secure site and means that information will be encrypted for your protection. • Don’t open e–mail attachments from unknown senders. To be safe, delete e-mail from unknown sources, without opening the e-mail. • Don’t click on any link in an unexpected message. Establishing passwords: • Use a combination of letters and numbers, even special characters if they’re allowed. They need to be easy to remember, but not something that can be guessed such as names, words, dates. • Change passwords regularly. • Don’t share your passwords. • Use different passwords for each site, or follow a tiered approach, using 3- 5 passwords: • Most secure for banking • Least secure for public forums • Levels in between as needed CLICK! Kitsap Regional Library January 2007 9 Printing Tips General Information Library users can print many kinds of documents from the library computers. Most often users are looking to print E-mails, web documents, catalog information, and articles found on the subscription databases. The computer terminals in each branch typically print to one large printer located near these public terminals.
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