Preparing for Future Products of Biotechnology
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Anaerobic Reductive Bioleaching of Manganese Ores
Michigan Technological University Digital Commons @ Michigan Tech Dissertations, Master's Theses and Master's Reports 2021 Anaerobic Reductive Bioleaching of Manganese Ores Neha Sharma Michigan Technological University, [email protected] Copyright 2021 Neha Sharma Recommended Citation Sharma, Neha, "Anaerobic Reductive Bioleaching of Manganese Ores", Open Access Master's Thesis, Michigan Technological University, 2021. https://doi.org/10.37099/mtu.dc.etdr/1200 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.mtu.edu/etdr Part of the Chemical Engineering Commons, and the Metallurgy Commons ANAEROBIC REDUCTIVE BIOLEACHING OF MANGANESE ORES By Neha Sharma A THESIS Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In Chemical Engineering MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY 2021 © 2021 Neha Sharma This thesis has been approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE in Chemical Engineering. Department of Chemical Engineering Thesis Advisor: Timothy C. Eisele Committee Member: Rebecca G. Ong Committee Member: Lei Pan Department Chair: Pradeep K. Agrawal Table of Contents List of Figure...................................................................................................................... iv List of Tables .......................................................................................................................v Acknowledgements ........................................................................................................... -
“Accelerating Innovation and Market Uptake of Biobased Products” Biobased for Growth a PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP on BIOBASED INDUSTRIES Table of Content
“Accelerating innovation and market uptake of biobased products” Biobased for Growth A PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP ON BIOBASED INDUSTRIES Table of content 1 Introduction 6 1.1 PPP initiative backed by a committed consortium 6 1.2 Strategic objectives 7 2 Answering Europe’s biobased challenges 9 3 Strong added value of acting at EU level 10 4 Economic analysis – current state of play and analysis of economic impact 11 5 Broader socio-economic impact analysis 13 6 Priority research & innovation areas 15 6.1 Fostering a sustainable biomass supply 16 6.2 Biorefi neries: Optimising effi cient processing 18 6.3 Developing markets, products and policies 21 7 An organisation is built that fi ts the challenges 23 7.1 Introduction 23 7.2 The biobased PPP Institute 24 7.3 Position in the fi eld 27 Annex 1 An Overview of founding partners companies 29 Annex 2 Research and technological challenges 31 Annex 3 Biomass supply – overview of today’s practice 36 Annex 4 Lead Market Initiative - priority recommendations 39 Annex 5 Policy Feedback mechanism 41 DRAFT Executive summary Our vision is that of a competitive, innovative and sustainable Europe: leading the transi- tion towards a post-petroleum society while decoupling economic growth from resource depletion and environmental impact. We envisage a biobased economy founded on locally sourced and produced plant and waste-derived materials, chemicals, fuels, food and feed. At the heart of this vision are biorefi neries which will gradually replace oil refi neries by using renewable resources in place of fossil fuels. In doing so, biorefi neries will play an important part in spurring growth and drive the effort to reindustrialise Europe. -
Research for a Biobased Economy Success Stories and Challenges Facing the German Bioeconomy
Research for a biobased economy Success stories and challenges facing the German bioeconomy 1 Contents Preface 2 Bioeconomy – Foundation for a sustainable economy 4 How can the economy and ecology be reconciled? ...................................................................................................... 4 The bioeconomy as a driver of innovation ...................................................................................................................... 5 The policy and research context of the bioeconomy 8 Clear visions for a cross-departmental strategy ............................................................................................................ 8 Further development of the research agenda in the bioeconomy ...........................................................................10 Innovations for a biobased economy 12 Field of action: Securing global nutrition ......................................................................................................................15 Field of action: Ensuring sustainable agricultural production ..................................................................................18 Field of action: Producing healthy and safe foods ......................................................................................................21 Field of action: Using renewable resources for industry ............................................................................................23 Field of action: Developing biomass-based energy carriers ......................................................................................27 -
Bioleaching of Chalcopyrite
Bioleaching of chalcopyrite By Woranart Jonglertjunya A thesis submitted to The University of Birmingham For the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department of Chemical Engineering School of Engineering The University of Birmingham United Kingdom April 2003 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. Abstract This research is concerned with the bioleaching of chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) by Thiobacillus ferrooxidans (ATCC 19859), which has been carried out in shake flasks (250 ml) and a 4-litre stirred tank bioreactor. The effects of experimental factors such as initial pH, particle size, pulp density and shake flask speed have been studied in shake flasks by employing cell suspensions in the chalcopyrite concentrate with the ATCC 64 medium in the absence of added ferrous ions. The characterisation of T. ferrooxidans on chalcopyrite concentrate was examined by investigating the adsorption isotherm and electrophoretic mobility. Subsequently, a mechanism for copper dissolution was proposed by employing relevant experiments, including the chemical leaching of chalcopyrite by sulphuric acid and ferric sulphate solutions, bioleaching of chalcopyrite in the presence of added ferric ions, and cell attachment analysis by scanning electron microscopy. -
Novel Biotechnological Approaches for the Recovery of Metals from Primary and Secondary Resources
minerals Review Novel Biotechnological Approaches for the Recovery of Metals from Primary and Secondary Resources Katrin Pollmann 1,*, Sabine Kutschke 1, Sabine Matys 1, Sophias Kostudis 1, Stefanie Hopfe 1 and Johannes Raff 1,2 1 Helmholtz Insitute Freiberg for Resource Technology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany; [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (S.M.); [email protected] (S.K.); [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (J.R.) 2 Institute of Resource Ecology, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-351-260-2946 Academic Editor: W. Scott Dunbar Received: 7 April 2016; Accepted: 7 June 2016; Published: 13 June 2016 Abstract: Microorganisms have developed various mechanisms to deal with metals, thus providing numerous tools that can be used in biohydrometallurgical processes. “Biomining” processes—including bioleaching and biooxidation processes—facilitate the degradation of minerals, accompanied by a release of metals. These processes are especially attractive for low-grade ores and are used on an industrial scale mainly for sulfidic ores. In biosorption processes, biomass or certain biomolecules are used to bind and concentrate selected ions or other molecules from aqueous solutions. Biosorptive materials can be an environmentally friendly and efficient alternative to conventional materials, such as ion exchange resins. Other interesting mechanisms are bioaccumulation, bioflotation, bioprecipitation, and biomineralisation. Although these processes are well-known and have been studied in detail during the last decades, the recent strong progress of biotechnologies (e.g., genetic engineering and molecule design), as well as their combination with novel developments in material sciences (e.g., nanotechnologies) facilitate new strategies for the application of biotechnologies in mineral processing. -
Consideration of Influential Factors on Bioleaching of Gold Ore Using Iodide-Oxidizing Bacteria
minerals Article Consideration of Influential Factors on Bioleaching of Gold Ore Using Iodide-Oxidizing Bacteria San Yee Khaing 1, Yuichi Sugai 2,*, Kyuro Sasaki 2 and Myo Min Tun 3 1 Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; [email protected] 2 Department of Earth Resources Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 8190395, Japan; [email protected] 3 Department of Geology, Yadanabon University, Mandalay 05063, Myanmar; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 11 April 2019; Accepted: 30 April 2019; Published: 2 May 2019 Abstract: Iodide-oxidizing bacteria (IOB) oxidize iodide into iodine and triiodide which can be utilized for gold dissolution. IOB can be therefore useful for gold leaching. This study examined the impact of incubation conditions such as concentration of the nutrient and iodide, initial bacterial cell number, incubation temperature, and shaking condition on the performance of the gold dissolution through the experiments incubating IOB in the culture medium containing the marine broth, potassium iodide and gold ore. The minimum necessary concentration of marine broth and potassium iodide for the complete gold dissolution were determined to be 18.7 g/L and 10.9 g/L respectively. The initial bacterial cell number had no effect on gold dissolution when it was 1 104 cells/mL or higher. Gold × leaching with IOB should be operated under a temperature range of 30–35 ◦C, which was the optimal temperature range for IOB. The bacterial growth rate under shaking conditions was three times faster than that under static conditions. -
Experiences and Future Challenges of Bioleaching Research in South Korea
minerals Review Experiences and Future Challenges of Bioleaching Research in South Korea Danilo Borja 1, Kim Anh Nguyen 1, Rene A. Silva 2, Jay Hyun Park 3, Vishal Gupta 4, Yosep Han 1, Youngsoo Lee 1,* and Hyunjung Kim 1,* 1 Department of Mineral Resources and Energy Engineering, Chonbuk National University, 567, Baekje-daero, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 54896, Korea; [email protected] (D.B.); [email protected] (K.A.N.); [email protected] (Y.H.) 2 Department of Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL A1B 3X5, Canada; [email protected] 3 Geotechnics and Recycling Technology Division, Institute of Mine Reclamation Corporation, 2, Segye-ro, Wonju-si, Gangwon-do 26464, Korea; [email protected] 4 Research & Development, EP Minerals, 9785 Gateway Dr., Suite 1000, Reno, NV 89521, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] (Y.L.); [email protected] (H.K.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2392 (Y.L.); +82-63-270-2370 (H.K.); Fax: +82-63-270-2366 (Y.L. & H.K.) Academic Editor: Anna H. Kaksonen Received: 1 October 2016; Accepted: 28 November 2016; Published: 2 December 2016 Abstract: This article addresses the state of the art of bioleaching research published in South Korean Journals. Our research team reviewed the available articles registered in the Korean Citation Index (KCI, Korean Journal Database) addressing the relevant aspects of bioleaching. We systematically categorized the target metal sources as follows: mine tailings, electronic waste, mineral ores and metal concentrates, spent catalysts, contaminated soil, and other materials. -
Why Biobased?
WHY BIOBASED? Opportunities in the Emerging Bioeconomy Jay S. Golden and Robert B. Handfield July 25, 2014 Submitted to: U. S. Department of Agriculture, Office of Procurement and Property Management BioPreferred Program® 361 Reporter’s Building 300 7th St. SW Washington, DC 20024 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report explores the opportunities associated with the biobased economy (excluding fuel, food and feed). Much of the work relies upon prior literature. Some of the key findings include: Government policies and industry Business While there is wealth of data and to Business sustainability programs are information regarding the economic driving the biobased economy. impact of the bioeconomy in Europe and various nations, there is a lack of Across the globe, nations are investing in understanding and quantification of the Public/Private Partnerships to expand economic benefits of the bioeconomy and their biobased economy for domestic and specifically the non-fuel bioeconomy in the international consumers. U.S. In the U.S., the United States Department There are challenges facing the continued of Agriculture (USDA) BioPreferred expansion of the bioeconomy. These program and Federally-supported research include reliable availability of raw materials continue to drive investment in research with increased climate and severe weather and development (R&D) and make impacts, water availability, and stability of available broader sets of biobased the markets. consumer products. The biobased economy is, in fact, growing, and it offers great potential for increased job creation in numerous sectors across the U.S. Continued investments are needed to An economic impact model is required to establish a biobased infrastructure while study the potential impacts of the ensuring that the economics of biobased bioeconomy and policies that can feedstocks are competitive with existing, encourage investment. -
Steven H. Strauss 21 December 2018
CV STEVEN H. STRAUSS 21 DECEMBER 2018 Distinguished Professor of Forest Biotechnology Phone: 541/737-6578 Department of Forest Ecosystems and Society Fax: 541/737-1393 Oregon State University Email: [email protected] Corvallis, Oregon, USA 97331-5752 Born: November 28, 1955 Home page / TBGRC Coop / Posters-Presentations PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 7/09-present Distinguished Professor, Oregon State University 1/18-present Graduate Faculty, Environmental Sciences 1/18-present Graduate Faculty, Environmental Sciences 3/14 Visiting Scientist, Scion (Forest Biotechnology), New Zealand 11/04-12/13 Director, Outreach in Biotechnology, Oregon State University 2003-2012 Editor, New Phytologist 7/95-present Professor, Forest Ecosystems and Society; Molecular & Cellular Biology 1/01-4/01 Visiting Senior Fellow, Linacre College, Oxford University, UK 1/01-4/01 Visiting Scientist, Department of Plant Science, Oxford Forestry Institute , UK 7/90-6/95 Associate Professor, Department of Forest Science, OSU 7/94-present Director, Tree Genomics and Biosafety Research Cooperative, OSU 7/99-6/04 Director, National Science Foundation Center for Tree Genetics (Industry/University Cooperative Research Centers Program) 6/93-8/93 Visiting Scientist, INRA, Versailles & Orleans, France 9/91-6/92 Visiting Professor, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia 9/91-6/92 Visiting Scientist, CSIRO Division of Plant Industry, Canberra, Australia 6/90-7/90 Visiting Scientist, Department of Botany, Tromsø University, Norway 7/85-6/90 Assistant Professor, Department of Forest Science and Genetics Program, OSU 7/85-9/85 Visiting Scientist, US Forest Service, Berkeley, California (Sederoff laboratory) EDUCATION Ph.D. 1985 University of California at Berkeley, Forest Resources (Genetics) M.F.S. -
Synthetic Biology 2020€“2030: Six Commercially-Available Products
COMMENT https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-20122-2 OPEN Synthetic biology 2020–2030: six commercially-available products that are changing our world ✉ Christopher A. Voigt 1 Synthetic biology will transform how we grow food, what we eat, and where we source materials and medicines. Here I have selected six products that are now 1234567890():,; on the market, highlighting the underlying technologies and projecting forward to the future that can be expected over the next ten years. “The time has come for synthetic biologists to develop more real-world applications […] the field has had its hype phase, now it needs to deliver.” So concluded an infamous article in 20101. Early research struggled to design cells and physically build DNA with pre-2010 projects often failing due to uncertainty and variability. Since then, rapid technological advances occurred that are well-reviewed in this series of commentaries2. Products from synthetic biology are rapidly permeating society and by 2030, it is highly likely that you will have eaten, worn, used or been treated with one. While there are many biotechnology, pharmaceutical and agriculture companies, I selected those products that best highlight the application of synthetic biology tools developed 2000–2020 and are available now or by early 20212–4. The first three represent chemicals produced by engineered cells or enzymes (leghemoglobin, sitgaliptin, diamines) that are isolated and purified (Fig. 1). For the second three, the products are the engineered cells themselves (engineered bacteria, CAR-Ts, genome edited soy). The development of these was enabled by advances in metabolic engineering, directed evolution (awarded the 2018 Nobel Prize), automated strain engineering, metagenomic discovery, gene circuit design, and genome editing (awarded the 2020 Nobel Prize)5,6. -
Artificial Intelligence As a Dual-Use Technology Éva AMBRUS1
AARMS Vol. 19, No. 2 (2020) 19–28. 10.32565/aarms.2020.2.2 Artificial Intelligence as a Dual-use Technology Éva AMBRUS1 The aim of this article is to give an overview of the state of artificial intelligence regarding malware attacks, its uses in the military and views regarding if it should be classified as a dual-use technology. As an emerging technology, with a wide variety of use and capabilities, more could be done to overview its uses, and some form of control over it. While the classical exports control might be counterproductive, a more closed approach towards critical information dissemination might be advisable until the full range of capabilities of artificial intelligence will be known. Keywords: artificial intelligence, dual-use technology, military use, malware Introduction The security paradigm is changing. Until a new definition comes forward, policy-makers, academia and users will debate its nature and possible effects. Asymmetrical warfare, hybrid warfare, ‘grey area’ warfare, (dis)information warfare, unpeace are just a few names used trying to pinpoint the development of (IT) technology on security. Warfare and security includes more and more cyberspace, including cyber weapons, cyber espionage and cybersecurity. One driver of this change is the advances made in the last decade regarding artificial intelligence (AI). In this article I will present the idea that AI should be classified as a dual-use technology, meaning that it can be used for both civilian and military applications. I will start with presenting where AI weapons are today, followed by the nature of the relationship between state and technology. -
Bioleaching for Copper Extraction of Marginal Ores from the Brazilian Amazon Region
metals Article Bioleaching for Copper Extraction of Marginal Ores from the Brazilian Amazon Region Dryelle Nazaré Oliveira do Nascimento 1,†, Adriano Reis Lucheta 1,† , Maurício César Palmieri 2, Andre Luiz Vilaça do Carmo 1, Patricia Magalhães Pereira Silva 1, Rafael Vicente de Pádua Ferreira 2, Eduardo Junca 3 , Felipe Fardin Grillo 3 and Joner Oliveira Alves 1,* 1 SENAI Innovation Institute for Mineral Technologies, National Service for Industrial Training (SENAI), Belém, PA 66035-405, Brazil; [email protected] (D.N.O.d.N.); [email protected] (A.R.L.); [email protected] (A.L.V.d.C.); [email protected] (P.M.P.S.) 2 Itatijuca Biotech, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil; [email protected] (M.C.P.); [email protected] (R.V.d.P.F.) 3 Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (Unesc), Criciúma, SC 88806-000, Brazil; [email protected] (E.J.); [email protected] (F.F.G.) * Correspondence: [email protected] † These authors contributed equally to this work. Received: 5 December 2018; Accepted: 8 January 2019; Published: 14 January 2019 Abstract: The use of biotechnology to explore low-grade ore deposits and mining tailings is one of the most promising alternatives to reduce environmental impacts and costs of copper extraction. However, such technology still depends on improvements to be fully applied in Brazil under industrial scale. In this way, the bioleaching, by Acidithiobacillus ferrooxidans, in columns and stirred reactors were evaluated regarding to copper extraction of a mineral sulfide and a weathered ore from the Brazilian Amazon region.