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The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke

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The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke The care of stroke patients has changed dramatically in recent years. As well as improvements in the emergency care of the condition, there have been marked advances in our understanding, management and rehabilitation of residual deficits. This book is about the care of stroke patients, focusing on behavioral and cognitive problems. It provides a comprehensive review of the field covering the diagnostic value of these conditions, in the acute and later phases, their requirements in terms of treatment and management, and the likelihood and significance of long-term disability. This book will appeal to all clinicians involved in the care of stroke patients, as well as to neuropsychologists, other rehabilitation therapists and research scientists investigating the underlying neuroscience. Olivier Godefroy is Professor of Neurology and Chief of the Neurology Department, University Hospital of Amiens, France. Julien Bogousslavsky is Head of Neurology, Swiss Medical Network, Valmont-Genolier, Montreux, Switzerland. The Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology of Stroke Edited by Olivier Godefroy Professor of Neurology and Chief of Neurology Department University Hospital of Amiens, France Julien Bogousslavsky Head of Neurology Swiss Medical Network Valmont-Genolier, Switzerland CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo Cambridge University Press The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 8RU, UK Published in the United States of America by Cambridge University Press, New York www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521842617 © Cambridge University Press 2007 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provision of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published in print format 2007 ISBN-13 978-0-511-27000-0 eBook (NetLibrary) ISBN-10 0-511-27000-3 eBook (NetLibrary) ISBN-13 978-0-521-84261-7 hardback ISBN-10 0-521-84261-1 hardback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of urls for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. Contents Contributors page ix Preface xv 1 Evaluation of cognitive and behavioral disorders in the stroke unit 1 Asaid Khateb, Jean-Marie Annoni, Ursula Lopez, Franc¸oise Bernasconi, Laurent Lavanchy, and Julien Bogousslavsky Motor and gestural disorders 2 Motor and gestural disorders: Abnormal movement and motor behavior 15 Luc Defebvre and Pierre Krystkowiak 3 Gestural apraxia 36 Fre´de´rique Etcharry-Bouyx and Mathieu Ceccaldi Aphasia and arthric disorders 4 Aphasia in stroke 53 Andrew Kertesz 5 Acute vascular aphasia 75 Alexandre Croquelois, Olivier Godefroy, and Julien Bogousslavsky 6 Dysarthria 86 Pascal Auzou 7 Alexia and agraphia in acute and chronic stroke 102 Argye E. Hillis v vi Contents 8 Acalculia and Gerstmann’s syndrome 126 Laurent Cohen, Anna J. Wilson, Ve´ronique Izard, and Stanislas Dehaene Hemineglect, AntonÀBabinski and right hemisphere syndromes 9 Hemispatial neglect 148 Patrik Vuilleumier 10 Anosognosia and denial after right hemisphere stroke 198 Anne Peskine and Philippe Azouvi 11 Asomatognosia 215 Sebastian Dieguez, Fabienne Staub, and Julien Bogousslavsky 12 Disorders of visuoconstructive ability 254 Diane Dupuy and Olivier Godefroy 13 Topographical disorientation 269 Bertille Pe´rin and Olivier Godefroy Agnosia and Ba´ lint’s syndrome 14 Cortical blindness 280 Alain Vighetto and Pierre Krolak-Salmon 15 Ba´lint’s syndrome 294 Alain Vighetto and Pierre Krolak-Salmon 16 Prosopagnosia 315 Eugene Mayer and Bruno Rossion 17 Object and color agnosia 335 Georg Goldenberg 18 Auditory disorders related to strokes 348 Bernard Lechevalier, Jany Lambert, Sylvain Moreau, Herve´ Platel, and Fausto Viader, Executive and memory disorders 19 Dysexecutive syndromes 369 Olivier Godefroy and Donald Stuss 20 Disorders of episodic memory 407 Chun Lim and Michael P. Alexander vii Contents 21 Working memory dysfunctions in stroke patients 431 Martial Van der Linden, Martine Poncelet, and Steve Majerus Behavioral and mood disorders 22 Akinetic mutism and related disorders 444 Didier Leys and Hilde Henon 23 Alterations of level of consciousness related to stroke 455 Marc D. Reichhart 24 Delirium and confusional state in stroke patients 489 Hilde Henon and Didier Leys 25 Post-stroke delusion 510 Pierre Thomas 26 Acute behavioral and mood changes 520 Selma Aybek and Julien Bogousslavsky 27 Stroke and personality change 529 Pierre Thomas 28 Post-stroke mania 539 Pierre Thomas 29 Depression after stroke 548 Antonio Carota and Stefano Paolucci 30 Fatigue 571 Fabienne Staub Dementia and anatomical left/right syndromes 31 Vascular dementia 586 Hugues Chabriat and Olivier Godefroy 32 Right versus left hemisphere syndromes 617 Isabel P. Martins, Lara Caeiro, and Jose´ M. Ferro Index 637 Contributors Michael P. Alexander Philippe Azouvi Behavioral Neurology Unit Department of Physical Medicine Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center Univ de Versailles-Saint-Quentin 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215 INSERM USA UPMC 731 Raymond Poincare´ Hospital 92380 Garches Jean-Marie Annoni France Neuropsychology Unit Department of Neurology Francoise Bernasconi Lausanne University Hospital Neuropsychology Unit Rue de Bugnon 46 Department of Neurology 1011 Lausanne Geneva University Hospitals Switzerland 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest 1211 Geneva 14 Pascal Auzou Switzerland Service d’Explorations Fonctionnelles Neurologique Julien Bogousslavsky 47, rue du Dr Calot Department of Neurology 62600 Berck sur Mer Swiss Medical Network France Valmont-Genolier 1823 Glion-Sue-Montreux Switzerland Selma Aybek Department of Neurology Lara Caeiro University Hospital Servico de Neurologia (piso 6) Lausanne Hospital de Santa Maria Rue du Bugnon 46 Av. Prof. Egas Moniz CH-1011 Lausanne 1649-035 Lisboa Switzerland Portugal ix x Contributors Antonio Carota Sebastian Dieguez Service de Neurologie Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience CHUV Brain Mind Institute CH-1011 Lausanne Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (EPFL) Switzerland Station 15 Mathieu Ceccaldi 1015 Lausanne Department of Neurology and Switzerland Neuropsychology Diane Dupuy INSERM U751 Department of Neurology University Hospital Laboratoire de Neurosciences La Timone Fontionnelles et Pathologies Marseille (CNRS FRE 2726) France University Hospital F-80054, Amiens Hugues Chabriat France Department of Neurology Fre´de´rique Etcharry-Bouyx University Hospital Lariboisie`re and IFR 49 Department of Neuropsychology Paris UPRES EA 2646 France University Hospital Laurent Cohen Angers Service de Neurologie 1 France Hoˆpital de la Salpeˆtrie`re Paris Jose´ Ferro France Servico de Neurologia (piso 6) Hospital de Santa Maria Alexandre Croquelois Av. Prof. Egas Moniz Neurorehabilitation Unit 1649-035 Lisboa University Hospital Portugal CH-1011 Lausanne Switzerland Olivier Godefroy Luc Defebvre Department of Neurology & Laboratoire Department of Neurology & de Neurosciences Movement Disorders Fonctionnelles et Pathologies Hopital Salengro (CNRE FRE 2726) CHRU, 59037 Lille Cedex University Hospital, F-80054, Amiens University Hospital, Lille France France Georg Goldenberg Stanislas Dehaene Neuropsychological Department Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit Krankenhaus Munchen INSERM U562 Bogenhausen CEA/DSV Englschalkingerstrasse 77 Orsay D 81925 Munchen France Germany xi Contributors Hilde Henon Pierre Krystkowiak E.A. 2691 Department of Neurology & Department of Neurology Movement Disorders Stroke Unit Hopital Salengro University Hospital of Lille CHRU, 59037 Lille Cedex 59037 Lille University Hospital, Lille France France Argye Hillis Department of Neurology Jany Lambert Johns Hopkins University School INSERM E.0218 of Medicine Service de Neurologie Johns Hopkins Hospital CHU de Caen Phipps 126, 600 N Wolfe Street F - 14000 Baltimore, MD 21287 France USA Laurent Lavanchy Veronique Izard Neuropsychology Unit Cognitive Neuroimaging Unit Department of Neurology INSERM U562 Geneva University Hospitals CEA/DSV 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest Orsay 1211 Geneva 14 France Switzerland Andrew Kertesz St Joseph’s Health Care Bernard Lechevalier University of Western Ontario Service de Neurologie 268 Grosvenor Street CHU de Caen London F - 14000 Ontario, N6A 4V2 France Canada Asaid Khateb Didier Leys Lab of Experimental Neuropsychology and E.A. 2691 Neuropsychology Unit Department of Neurology Department of Neurology Stroke Unit Geneva University Hospitals University Hospital of Lille 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest 59037 Lille CH 1211 Geneva 14 France Switzerland Pierre Krolak-Salmon Chun Lim Hoˆpital Neurologique Pierre Behavioral Neurology Unit Wertheimer Department of Neurology Service de Neurologie D Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center 59 Boulevard Pinel 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, 69677 Bron Cedex MA 02215 France USA xii Contributors Ursula Lopez Bertille Perin Neuropsychology Unit Service de Neurologie Department of Neurology CHU d’Amiens Geneva University Hospitals Hoˆpital Nord 24 rue Micheli-du-Crest Place Victor Pauchet 1211 Geneva 14 80054 Amiens Cedex 1 Switzerland France Steve Majerus Anne Peskine Cognitive Psychopathology Unit Department of Physical Medicine Department of Cognitive Sciences and Rehabilitation Boulevard du Rectorat B33 Univ
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