DOCSLIB.ORG

Panapa and Fraenkel Final 23June.Indd

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Panapa and Fraenkel Final 23June.Indd Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies State, Society and Governance in Melanesia State Society and in Governance Melanesia DISCUSSION PAPER Discussion Paper 2008/2 THE LONELINESS OF THE PRO-GOVERNMENT BACKBENCHER AND THE PRECARIOUSNESS OF SIMPLE MAJORITY RULE IN TUVALU INTRODUCTION has sparked strengthening popular hostility PAULSON and growing cynicism about parliamentary PANAPA processes. At the 2006 election, all the The Pacific Island microstate of Tuvalu has incumbent ministers lost their seats, with and acquired a reputation for having a ‘high the exception of the Prime Minister and the degree of political stability’ (Somoza 2001, p. Speaker, and the turnover of MPs was higher JON 832), and has a top Freedom House ranking than at any previous election in Tuvalu’s 1 for civil rights and political liberties (Freedom history. In response to long-run government FRAENKEL House 2007). Yet, despite regular elections instability, the new government introduced a and the absence of severe social crises, constitutional amendment in 2007 increasing there has been - since 1993 - an increasing the size of cabinet by two, aiming to bring to frequency of ‘no confidence’ challenges an end an era where government majorities in parliament and resulting defeats of depended on sustaining a single pro- governments. Following an early post- government backbencher. independence phase of relative executive stability, Prime Ministers proved much less In some situations, frequency of change able to sustain majorities in parliament. in government may not be damaging. Seven different governments took office Indeed, regular turnover of governments is between 1998 and 2006, and none lasted often deemed a sign of robust democracy more than two years. One analysis of the (Huntington 1991, p. 266-67). Where there is 2004 parliament found that all but two little difference in policy between government of the then incumbent MPs had defected and opposition, or where incoming from one group to another at some point governments simply continue where their during their tenures (Taafaki 2004, p. 17). predecessors left off, ostensible instability ‘Political stability’ was a principle concern may disguise substantive continuity. In encountered during the deliberations Tuvalu, however, this is not the case. Regular of the 2000 Constitutional Review government changes have imposed high 2 Committee (CRC). Its absence, linked costs, for example due to the associated delay to the manoeuvres of aspiring politicians and modification of national budgets. Once a and defecting government backbenchers, The Loneliness of the Pro-Government Backbencher and the Precariousness of Simple Majority Rule in Tuvalu Table 1: Tuvalu Population by Home Island and by Island of 2 Residence, 2002 Population by Population by Island of Residence Home Island Nanumea 664 1,560 Nanumaga 589 1,063 Niutao 663 1,453 Nui 548 835 Vaitupu 1,591 1,694 Nukufetau 586 1,149 Funafuti 4,492 1,004 Nukulaelae 393 461 Niulakita 35 2 Total 9,561 9,221 Source: Tuvalu Population Census, 2002, available http://www.spc.int/prism/country/tv/stats/ confidence motion is carried in parliament, in accordance with classical liberal theories, public service gridlock commences and there has been little in the way of scrutiny endures until a new government is formed. of alternative forms of representation and In addition, to sustain Prime Ministerial accountability, even where – as in Tuvalu – majorities, incumbents have politicized key these are already functioning locally. appointments, both at Governor General, Speaker and ministerial level. Parliamentary In this paper, we analyse the twists and sittings have been curtailed to avoid no turns of Tuvalu central government politics, confidence challenges. As a result, according particularly since the two elections of 1993, to the Report of the National Workshop and consider an alternative framework which on Accountability for Leaders of Tuvalu, entails the abandonment of the unhappy 1999, parliament had ‘failed miserably’, and institutionalisation of the opposition as a was unable to ‘effectively legislate’ or hold government-in-waiting, the introduction of ‘officials and public institutions to account an eight member executive representing for the use of public resources in a timely all the islands, and the adoption of manner’.3 a stronger oversight role for the island- based Falekaupule.5 In the first part of Conventional responses to weak the paper, we outline the institutional and parliamentary oversight in Tuvalu have political framework established in Tuvalu tended to focus on promoting reforms at independence, and the way this has intended to ‘strengthen institutions’ so that developed in the period thereafter. In the these resemble more closely the Westminster second part, we review the succession of ideal, despite the notable absence of political governments, why each fell and how each parties. Opposition oversight of the executive sought to engineer for itself a longer term in is to be enhanced by expanded usage of office. In the final part, we review the 1997 parliamentary committees, and by challenging Falekaupule Act and the operation of local ‘the misconception that Parliament is the arm of level assemblies, and set out our alternative the government-of-the-day’ (Clements 2000).4 framework, asking whether this might better The familiar framework of a Leadership Code, fit the local customary framework as well as Ombudsman and non-partisan Office of the improving the quality of central government Speaker of Parliament has been proposed performance. to reinforce checks and balances, in ways that have been replicated across the Pacific POLITICAL BACKGROUND Islands - promoted by the United Nations Development Programme, the Pacific Islands Forum and the Commonwealth. Despite Tuvalu means literally ‘cluster of eight’ or ‘eight recognition that parliaments have not worked standing together’, a terminology that perhaps The Loneliness of the Pro-Government Backbencher and the Precariousness of Simple Majority Rule in Tuvalu says as much about preferred institutional framework). The constitution was revised, arrangements as about geography. The eight first still strongly inspired by British officials in 3 islands are located close to the equator in the 1982, and then again - with greater Tuvaluan central Pacific. It currently has a population input - in 1986, but with ‘few substantive of around 10,000, spread across a land area changes’ to electoral and political institutions of 26 square kilometres. The country has a aside from the introduction of procedures sea area of 900,000 square kilometres, and for the recall of non-performing members of is potentially threatened by global warming parliament (Levine 1992, p. 493-94, 506). and rising sea levels. Colonised by the The original post-independence parliament British as part of the Gilbert and Ellice Islands had twelve members, but this was raised Protectorate, Tuvalu peacefully broke away to fifteen in May 2000, making the retention from Kiribati in 1975 to become independent of government majorities more difficult than on 1 October 1978, after a 92% vote in previously.7 Tuvalu currently has seven favour of separation (Macdonald 1982, p. two-member constituencies and one single- 256). Tuvalu nevertheless remained part of member constituency, all of which return the Commonwealth, and the Head of State is members by plurality voting (see map).8 the British monarch, represented within the General elections are held every four years, country by a Governor General appointed with the result that there have been eight on the advice of the Prime Minister after parliaments since independence. consultations with members of parliament.6 The Prime Minister heads the government Like many of the former British colonies, and is elected at a closed meeting of MPs by Tuvalu inherited a Westminster-style a secret ballot, after either a general election, system, although with certain important the death of an incumbent, or the fall of a modifications (not least, having a constitution previous government due to a confidence in place of the classically convention-based motion.9 Confidence motions normally Westminster framework and a unicameral require two days notice, but with the consent Map designed by Michael Govorov The Loneliness of the Pro-Government Backbencher and the Precariousness of Simple Majority Rule in Tuvalu of the Speaker can be moved without notice, Both members from each of the seven 4 by way of a suspension of the ‘Rules of dual-member constituencies tend to align Procedure’.10 When a no confidence vote is themselves on the same side during Prime passed, parliament is prorogued immediately Ministerial elections. In most cases, a member until the Governor General (GG) calls the vying for the Prime Minister’s position is likely meeting to elect a new Prime Minister.11 The to be supported by his colleague from the Constitution permits the GG to exercise his same island. For example, the Prime Ministers ‘deliberate judgment’ in regard to the timing Toaripi Lauti (1977-1980), Tomasi Puapua of such election meetings12, sometimes (1981-1988), Ionatana Ionatana (1999- controversially enabling politically aligned 2000), Koloa Talake (2001-2002), Maatia Governor Generals to allow incumbent Toafa (2004-2006) and Apisai Ielemia (2006- governments to limp on in a caretaker role or today) all had aligned island running mates. providing them time to re-establish majorities Having dual tickets ensured that acquisition
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Legal Preparedness for Regional and International Disaster Assistance in the Pacific Country Profiles
    LEGAL PREPAREDNESS FOR REGIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL DISASTER ASSISTANCE IN THE PACIFIC COUNTRY PROFILES ifrc.org The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) is the world’s largest volunteer-based humanitarian network, reaching 150 million people each year through our 192-member National Societies. Together, we act before, during and after disasters and health emergencies to meet the needs and improve the lives of vulnerable people. We do so with impartiality as to nationality, race, gender, religious beliefs, class and political opinions. Guided by Strategy 2020 and Strategy 2030 – our collective plan of action to tackle the major humanitarian and development challenges of this decade – we are committed to ‘saving lives and changing minds’. Our strength lies in our volunteer network, our community- based expertise and our independence and neutrality. We work to improve humanitarian standards, as partners in development and in response to disasters. We persuade decision-makers to act at all times in the interests of vulnerable people. The result: we enable healthy and safe communities, reduce vulnerabilities, strengthen resilience and foster a culture of peace around the world. International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies © International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent P.O. Box 303 Societies, Asia Pacific Regional Office, Kuala Lumpur, 2020 CH-1211 Geneva 19, Switzerland Telephone: +41 22 730 4222 Any part of this publication may be cited, copied, translated Telefax: +41 22 733 0395 into other languages or adapted to meet local needs without E-mail: [email protected] prior permission from the International Federation of Red Cross Website: www.ifrc.org and Red Crescent Societies, provided that the source is clearly stated.
    [Show full text]
  • South Pacific
    South Pacific Governance in the Pacific: the dismissal of Tuvalu's Governor-General Tauaasa Taafaki BK 338.9 GRACE FILE BARCOOE ECO Research School of Pacific and Asian \\\\~ l\1\1 \ \Ul\\ \ \\IM\\\ \\ CBR000029409 9 Enquiries The Editor, Working Papers Economics Division Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies The Australian National University Canberra 0200 Australia Tel (61-6) 249 4700 Fax (61-6) 257 2886 ' . ' The Economics Division encompasses the Department of Economics, the National Centre for Development Studies and the Au.§.tralia-J.apan Research Centre from the Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, the Australian National University. Its Working Paper series is intended for prompt distribution of research results. This distribution is preliminary work; work is later published in refereed professional journals or books. The Working Papers include V'{Ork produced by economists outside the Economics Division but completed in cooperation with researchers from the Division or using the facilities of the Division. Papers are subject to an anonymous review process. All papers are the responsibility of the authors, not the Economics Division. conomics Division Working Papers " South Pacific Governance in the Pacific: the dismissal of Tuvalu's Governor-General Tauaasa Taafaki / o:,;7 CJ<,~ \}f ftl1 L\S\\ltlR~ Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies C;j~••• © Economics Division, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University, 1996. This work is copyright. Apart from those uses which may be permitted under the Copyright Act 1968 as amended, no part may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher.
    [Show full text]
  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women
    United Nations CEDAW/C/TUV/2 Convention on the Elimination Distr.: General of All Forms of Discrimination 3 September 2008 against Women Original: English ADVANCE UNEDITED VERSION Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women Combined initial and second periodic reports of States parties Tuvalu* * The present report is being issued without formal editing. CEDAW/C/TUV/2 TUVALU – STATE REPORT ON CEDAW TABLE OF CONTENTS List of Acronyms……………………………………………………………………………………..6 Glossary of Terms……………………………………………………………………………................................7 PART I - INTRODUCTION………………………………………………………………………… 8 TUVALU: The Land and the People ................................................................................................ 8 Historical Background .......................................................................................................................... 8 The Land ............................................................................................................................................... 8 The People............................................................................................................................................. 9 Demography........................................................................................................................................ 11 Development Indicators .....................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Advancing Women's Political Participation in Tuvalu
    REPORT 5 Advancing Women’s Political Participation in Tuvalu A Research Project Commissioned by the Pacific Islands Forum Secretariat (PIFS) By Susie Saitala Kofe and Fakavae Taomia Acknowledgements This report would not have been possible if it had not been for the tremendous support granted by the President of the Tuvalu National Council of Women Mrs Katalaina Malua, the Director of Women Affairs Mrs Saini Simona and the Executive Director of the Tuvalu Association of Non Governmental Organisations Mrs Annie Homasi. You have not only been there to provide the moral support that I greatly needed during the research process, but you have also assisted me greatly in your areas of expertise. Your wisdom and altruistic attitude gave me tremendous strength to complete this work and I am invaluably indebted to you. I also would like to thank the Honourable Speaker to Parliament Otinielu Tautele I Malae Tausi, Cabinet Ministers Hon Saufatu Sopoaga, Hon Samuelu Teo, Hon Leti Pelesala, Honorable Members of Parliament Hon Kokea Malua, Hon Elisala Pita, Hon Kausea Natano, Hon Tavau Teii and Hon Halo Tuavai for supporting this research by participating in the research process. Many thanks also to senior government officials for taking their valuable time to participate in the research. Not forgetting also the individual representatives from the civil society as well as the island communities for consenting to partici- pate in this research. Your invaluable contributions have made it possible for me to complete this work and I sincerely thank you all for your patience and efforts. Last and not least I thank my family and especially my husband for supporting me all the way.
    [Show full text]
  • The Appointment, Tenure and Removal of Judges Under Commonwealth
    The The Appointment, Tenure and Removal of Judges under Commonwealth Principles Appoin An independent, impartial and competent judiciary is essential to the rule tmen of law. This study considers the legal frameworks used to achieve this and examines trends in the 53 member states of the Commonwealth. It asks: t, Te ! who should appoint judges and by what process? nur The Appointment, Tenure ! what should be the duration of judicial tenure and how should judges’ remuneration be determined? e and and Removal of Judges ! what grounds justify the removal of a judge and who should carry out the necessary investigation and inquiries? Re mo under Commonwealth The study notes the increasing use of independent judicial appointment va commissions; the preference for permanent rather than fixed-term judicial l of Principles appointments; the fuller articulation of procedural safeguards necessary Judge to inquiries into judicial misconduct; and many other developments with implications for strengthening the rule of law. s A Compendium and Analysis under These findings form the basis for recommendations on best practice in giving effect to the Commonwealth Latimer House Principles (2003), the leading of Best Practice Commonwealth statement on the responsibilities and interactions of the three Co mmon main branches of government. we This research was commissioned by the Commonwealth Secretariat, and undertaken and alth produced independently by the Bingham Centre for the Rule of Law. The Centre is part of the British Institute of International and
    [Show full text]
  • In the Privy Council on Appeal from the Court of Appeal of Pitcairn Islands
    IN THE PRIVY COUNCIL ON APPEAL FROM THE COURT OF APPEAL OF PITCAIRN ISLANDS No. of 2004 BETWEEN STEVENS RAYMOND CHRISTIAN First Appellant LEN CALVIN DAVIS BROWN Second Appellant LEN CARLISLE BROWN Third Appellant DENNIS RAY CHRISTIAN Fourth Appellant CARLISLE TERRY YOUNG Fifth Appellant RANDALL KAY CHRISTIAN Sixth Appellant A N D THE QUEEN Respondent CASE FOR STEVENS RAYMOND CHRISTIAN AND LEN CARLISLE BROWN PETITIONERS' SOLICITORS: Alan Taylor & Co Solicitors - Privy Council Agents Mynott House, 14 Bowling Green Lane Clerkenwell, LONDON EC1R 0BD ATTENTION: Mr D J Moloney FACSIMILE NO: 020 7251 6222 TELEPHONE NO: 020 7251 3222 6 PART I - INTRODUCTION CHARGES The Appellants have been convicted in the Pitcairn Islands Supreme Court of the following: (a) Stevens Raymond Christian Charges (i) Rape contrary to s7 of the Judicature Ordinance 1961 and s1 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956 (x4); (ii) Rape contrary to s14 of the Judicature Ordinance 1970 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956. Sentence 4 years imprisonment (b) Len Carlisle Brown Charges Rape contrary to s7 of the Judicature Ordinance 1961, the Judicature Ordinance 1970, and s1 of the Sexual Offences Act 1956 (x2). Sentence 2 years imprisonment with leave to apply for home detention The sentences have been suspended and the Appellants remain on bail pending the determination of this appeal. HUMAN RIGHTS In relation to human rights issues, contrary to an earlier apparent concession by the Public Prosecutor that the Human Rights Act 1978 applied to the Pitcairn Islands, it would appear not to have been extended to them, at least in so far as the necessary protocols to the Convention have not been signed to enable Pitcairners to appear before the European Court: R (Quark Fisheries Ltd) v Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs [2005] 3 WLR 7 837 (Tab ).
    [Show full text]
  • Tuvalu Consumer Tax
    Report on the Assessment of the Implementation of the Barbados Programme of Actions for Small Islands Developing States, and the Mauritius Strategy for the Further Implementation of the BPOA January 2010 Prepared by Te Maile Consultancy for the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific i TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page Table of Contents i-ii Abbreviations and Acronyms iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1-5 • ASSESSMENT FINDINGS • RECOMMENDATIONS 1. SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONTEXT 6-14 1.1 Key Characteristics 6 The Land 6 Exclusive Economic Zone 8 Geography 8 The Climate 8 People and Population 8 The Economy 10 Government 11 1.2 Key Socio-Economic Challenges 11 1.3 Key Socio-Economic Response 13 2. NATIONAL FRAMEWORK FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT 14-17 3. NATIONAL PROGRESS MADE & PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE BPOA & MSI 17-54 3.1 SECTORAL AREAS 3.1.1 Climate Change 19-26 3.1.2 Natural and Environmental Disasters 26-30 3.1.3 Coastal and Marine Resources 30-34 3.1.4 Land Resources, including Terrestrial Biodiversity 35-38 3.1.5 Energy Security 38-40 ii 3.1.6 Waste Management and Provision of Water & Sanitation 40-44 3.1.7 Tourism 44-46 3.1.8 Trade: Globalisation and Liberalisation 46-50 3.2 CROSS-SECTORAL AREAS 3.2.1 Financing and Investment for Sustainable Development 50 3.2.2 Institutional Capacity and Coordination 49 3.2.3 Regional Cooperation 50 3.2.4 Human Resources Capacity for Sustainable Development 51 3.2.5 Transport and Communications 51 3.2.6 Science and Technology 52 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Feuille De Style Word 2003 Doctorants
    THÈSE PRÉSENTÉE POUR OBTENIR LE GRADE DE DOCTEUR DE L’UNIVERSITÉ DE BORDEAUX ÉCOLE DOCTORALE SP2 Science politique Par Damien VALLOT LE RÉCIT CORALLIEN Production, diffusion et cadrage des récits d’action publique de la disparition des États atolliens entre Tuvalu, Kiribati et la Nouvele-Zélande Sous la direction de : Denis Constant MARTIN Soutenue le 15 décembre 2015 Membres du jury : M. SMITH, Andy Directeur de recherche FNSP IEP de Bordeaux Président Mme. DUVAT, Virginie Professeur des Universités Université de La Rochelle Rapporteur M. RADAELLI, Claudio Professeur des Universités University of Exeter Rapporteur Mme KASTORYANO, Riva Directrice de recherche CNRS Sciences Po Paris Examinatrice M. MARTIN, Denis Constant Directeur de recherche FNSP IEP de Bordeaux Directeur Titre : Le récit corallien : production, diffusion et cadrage des récits d’action publique de la disparition des États atolliens entre Tuvalu, Kiribati et la Nouvelle-Zélande. Résumé : Depuis la prise en compte croissante du changement climatique, de nombreux commentateurs ont commencé à raconter une histoire : celle des petits États insulaires du Pacifique sud, entièrement constitués d’atolls, qui risquent de disparaître en raison de l’élévation du niveau marin. Nous considérons que cette histoire est un « récit d’action publique » destiné à attirer l’attention et à convaincre les décideurs politiques d’agir pour empêcher la réalisation du problème ou lui trouver une solution. Ces « récits de la disparition » présentent deux particularités : ils ne sont associés à aucune politique publique déjà mise en œuvre et ils sont mobilisés par des acteurs variés issus des milieux politiques et de la société civile. À partir de la littérature sur l’analyse cognitive des politiques publiques et plus particulièrement l’analyse des récits de politiques publiques, cette thèse se propose d’étudier la production, la diffusion et les cadrages de ces récits de la disparition à l’aide de méthodes mixtes associant une démarche qualitative d’enquête avec la réalisation d’une analyse statistique textuelle.
    [Show full text]
  • Executive Instability in TUVALU & NAURU
    By Lisepa Paeniu Outline The issue of instability Parliamentary structures of both countries Options that could be introduced Executive Instability Motions of vote of no confidence in the Head of Government MPs defect from Government to join Opposition Instability includes: Different HoG A change in the Ministerial portfolios of Cabinet, or a new Cabinet altogether or just a new PM/President Tuvalu Year Prime Minister 1978-1981 Toaribi Lauti 1981-89 Tomasi Puapua 1989-92 Bikenibeu Paeniu 1993-96 Kamuta Latasi 1996-99 Bikenibeu Paeniu 1999-2000 Ionatana Ionatana 2000-2001 Faimalaga Luka 2001-2002 Koloa Talake 2002-04 Saufatu Sopoaga 2006-2010 Apisai Ielemia 2010 Maatia Toafa 2010-11 Willy Telavi Why is exec instability an issue? Economy suffers Lack of continuity of policies International obligations Implementation of reforms inconsistent Termination of civil servants Public confidence undermined Political Systems in Tuvalu and Nauru Westminister parliamentary systems Nauru has 18 MPs,Tuvalu has 15 MPs No formal political party system Both have HoG selected by majority in Parliament Speakers are elected as MPs No control/consequence for MPs that cross the floor No limit on when an MP tables a motion of no confidence Options 1. People to vote for PM directly (Kiribati Constitution) Section 32 of the Constitution 1979 – 1991 H.E Ieremia Tabai, GCMG (Nonouti) 1991-1994 H.E Teatao Teannaki (Abaiang) 1994-2002 H.E Teburoro Tito (South Tarawa) 2003- current H.E Anote Tong (Maiana) 2. The office of the Speaker filled by a non-elected MP (Niue Constitution) Options 2 3. MP who crosses floor to resign from Parliament and a by- election to be held (Electoral Act 1967 Samoa) 4.
    [Show full text]
  • 020916 Closing Report.Indd
    Commonwealth Parliamentary Cybersecurity and Cybercrime Project Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop for Parliamentarians 25-28 July 2016 Parliament of Queensland Workshop Closing Report #Cyberparl Contents Project Overview 3 Workshop Aim & Objectives 4 Workshop Overview 5 Acknowledgements 6 Delegate List 7 Programme Summary 8 Final Programme 20 Monitoring & Evaluation 28 About Us 31 Project Overview Commonwealth Parliamentary Cybersecurity and Cybercrime Project 3 Project Overview The Commonwealth Parliamentary Association UK (CPA UK) - working in partnership with the Organization of American States (OAS), the Commonwealth Secretariat and with the support of the Parliament of Queensland - delivered the Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime for Parliamentarians over the period of 25 - 28 July 2016. This workshop was one of three regional workshops delivered by CPA UK and its partners as part of the Commonwealth Parliamentary Cybersecurity and Cybercrime Project. The project is being funded by the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) Cybersecurity Capacity Building Programme. The Commonwealth Parliamentary Cybersecurity and Cybercrime Project comprises of: • Asia-Pacific Regional Workshop on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime for Parliamentarians, Brisbane, Australia, 25-28 July 2016 • Caribbean Regional Workshop on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime for Parliamentarians, Officials and Ministers, Washington D.C., USA, 17-20 October 2016 • Africa Regional Workshop on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime for Parliamentarians, Windhoek, Namibia, 21- 25 November 2016 • A Cybersecurity Day, 31 March 2017, as part of CPA UK’s International Parliamentary Conference (IPC) on National Security, London, UK, 27-31 March 2017 One of the project’s main output, the International Parliamentarians’ e-Handbook on Cybersecurity and Cybercrime, is to be launched at the IPC in March 2017.
    [Show full text]
  • FR-10-Tuvalu.Pdf
    Secretariat of the Pacific Community FIELD REPORT No. 10 on DEVELOPMENT OPTIONS AND CONSTRAINTS INCLUDING TRAINING NEEDS AND INFRASTRUCTURE REQUIREMENTS WITHIN THE TUNA FISHING INDUSTRY AND SUPPORT SERVICES IN TUVALU 16 to 27 November 2000 by Lindsay Chapman Fisheries Development Adviser Secretariat of the Pacific Community Noumea, New Caledonia 2001 © Copyright Secretariat of the Pacific Community 2001 All rights for commercial / for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. The SPC authorises the partial reproduction or translation of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided the SPC and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial / for profit or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing. Original SPC artwork may not be altered or separately published without permission. This field report forms part of a series compiled by the Fisheries Development Section of the Secretariat of the Pacific Community’s Coastal Fisheries Programme. These reports have been produced as a record of individual project activities and country assignments, from materials held within the Section, with the aim of making this valuable information readily accessible. Each report in this series has been compiled within the Fisheries Development Section to a technical standard acceptable for release into the public arena. Secretariat of the Pacific Community BP D5 98848 Noumea Cedex New Caledonia Tel: (687)
    [Show full text]
  • Tuvalu - European Community Edflo
    Tuvalu - European Community EDFlO Country Strategy Paper and National Indicative Programme (For the period 2008 - 2013) 1 The Government of Tuvalu and the European Commission hereby agree as follows: (1) The Government of Tuvalu, represented by Mr Annese Makoi Simati, Ministry of Finance, Economic Planning and Industries and National Authorising Officer and the European Commission, represented by Mr Roberto Ridolfi, Head of the Commission Delegation for the Pacific, hereinafter referred to as the Parties, held discussions from March 2006 until August 2007 with a view to determining the general orientations for cooperation for the period 2008 -2013. During these discussions, the Country Strategy Paper and an Indicative Programme of Community Aid in favour of Tuvalu were drawn up in accordance with the provisions of Articles 2 and 4 of Annex IV to the ACP-EC Partnership Agreement, signed in Cotonou on 23 June 2000, as revised in Luxemburg on 25 June 2005. These discussions complete the programming process in Tuvalu. The Country Strategy Paper and the Indicative Programme are annexed to the present document. (2) As regards the indicative programmable financial resources which the Community envisages making available to Tuvalu for the period 2008 -2013, the sum of €5 million is earmarked for the allocation referred to in Article 3.2 (a) of Annex IV to the ACP­ EC Partnership Agreement (A-allocation) and €0.4 million for the allocation referred to in Article 3.2 (b) (B-allocation). These allocations are not entitlements and may be revised by the Community, following the completion of mid-term and end-of-term reviews, in accordance with Article 5.7 of Annex IV to the ACP-EC Partnership Agreement.
    [Show full text]