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(REALLY)CREATIVE DESTRUCTION We Didn’T Reinvent the Wheel, Just the Way They Steer

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(REALLY)CREATIVE DESTRUCTION We Didn’T Reinvent the Wheel, Just the Way They Steer A Printer Designing The Next for Bionic Greener Silicon Body Parts Buildings Valley Demo p104 Reviews p94 Business Report p84 VOL. NO. | SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER | . US (REALLY)CREATIVE DESTRUCTION We didn’t reinvent the wheel, just the way they steer. INTRODUCING THE RLX WITH PRECISION ALLWHEEL STEER.™ Designed to give the driver unprecedented control, the Precision All-Wheel Steer system aboard the RLX allows each rear wheel to independently adjust its angle through turns. It’s the most advanced steering system we’ve ever built, not to mention an industry first. It’s luxury, taken to a whole new level. The new Acura RLX. Handsomely equipped at $54,450. Excludes $895 destination, tax, title, license and registration. RLX with Technology Package shown. Learn more at acura.com or by calling 1-800-To-Acura. ©2013 Acura. Acura, RLX and Precision All-Wheel Steer are trademarks of Honda Motor Co., Ltd. MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. |NO. TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM From the Editor diagnostic tests in the poor world. t Har- not limited to the replacement for the vard, he runs one of the world’s most pro- incandescent lightbulb. e also cre ductive chemistry and materials science ated the electronic element of the light labs, whose obective is “to fundamentally dimmer switch and the laser diode, change the paradigms of science.” which is used in players and cell The electrical engineer Carver phones. Holonya, , is still a fulltime Mead, , has been responsible for an researcher at the niversity of llinois, implausibly long list of innovations in where he wors on uantumdot lasers, microelectronics, including the first soft which could be used for a variety of ware compilation of a silicon chip. alf novel display and medical technologies. way through his career, he switched his The nanotechnologist Mildred research to how animal brains compute, Dresselhaus, , was the author of 3 and established the field of neural net papers in and most days is in her wors. fter cofounding more than oce at by 3 a.m. er research companies, he is only notionally retired involves the physics and properties of today, he is thining about better ways carbon nanomaterials, including nano to teach freshman physics at altech, tubes and graphene. mong her many Seven where he has wored for more than accomplishments, resselhaus was the years, by means of a “reconceptualia first scientist to eploit the thermoelec over 70 tion of electrodynamics and gravitation.” tric eect at the nanoscale, which could Barbara Liskov has been awarded allow for devices that harvest energy For over a decade, we’ve celebrated inno- both the uring ward for her wor on from temperature dierences in materi vators under the age of 35. We choose to the programming languages and meth als that conduct electricity. write about the young because we want odology that led to obectoriented pro Stewart Brand’s contributions to to introduce you to the most promis- gramming and the ohn von eumann technology have been as an intellectual ing new technologists, researchers, and Medal for her contributions to program and founder of organiations, rather entrepreneurs. But often hear ou ming and distributed computing. t 3, than as an inventor. But tewart who is really thin older people can’t innovate? she leads ’s rogramming ethod a friend has been tremendously influen f course they can. We meet etraor ology roup, which is eploring how to tial he was the publisher of The Whole dinary older innovators all the time, who build distributed and fault tolerant sys Earth Catalog cofounded the first elec after a lifetime of creativity are still solv tems that continue to wor even when tronic community, the W and is ing big problems, generating wealth, some of their components don’t. today the president of the ong ow or epanding our conception of what it The physician and biologist Leroy Foundation, which promotes “slower means to be human. Below, in reverse Hood helped create the fields of genom better thining.” t , he is woring on alphabetical order, are seven innovators ics and proteomics by inventing the the revival of etinct species. over the age of , chosen arbitrarily, protein seuencer, the protein synthe ’ll conclude this list with an etra because am attracted to their lives, sier, the synthesier, and, most name, from my own profession. ow wor, and character, and not according important of all, the automated 3, obert Silvers has edited the New to the formal nomination and udging seuencer. e later founded the nsti York Review of Books for more than process that selected the 35 nnovators tute of ystems Biology in eattle and, years. is is my favorite publication, Under 35 see page . at , is still its president the institute because it is reliably surprising, delight George Whitesides, 7, is a sees to understand diseases by con ful, witty, and humane. When ased why cofounder of more than compa- sidering human biology holistically as a he doesn’t retire, ilvers once oed, “ nies including enyme whose com- “networ of networs.” don’t have a very full sense of time.” e bined value is more than billion, Nick Holonyak invented the first then more seriously added that wor and is named on more than 5 patents. practical lightemitting diode in was an etraordinary opportunity, and mongst his inventions are cheap paper when he was a researcher at en that “you’d be cray not to try to mae microfluidic chips, which can be used for eral lectric, but his innovations are the most of it.” VITTI GUIDO We create chemistry that makes “wow” love “why” Do you know kids’ most popular reaction to chemistry? It’s “Wow!” One simple word with great scientifi c experience behind it. We’ve heard it many times, in more than 30 countries, at BASF Kids’ Lab. For one day, kids become scientists. They experiment in a playful manner and learn why and how the world’s marvels work. Because we believe that one day these kids will wow us in return. When science can be seen as a foundation of wonder, it’s because at BASF, we create chemistry. www.wecreatechemistry.com MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. |NO. TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM Contents Front SEEER/CTOER ack 2 From the Editor USIESS EORT 8 Feedback 35 8 The et Silicon Valley Want yor region to be the VIEWS Innovators next innovation hb f 10 Soaring Surveillance corse yo do here’s how. The only thing stopping even more snooping is a lack of Under 35 EVIEWS technology to do it. 94 Forms That Function Better 12 Climate Diplomacy nogh with the flights of The U.S. blew its chance to fancy. Let’s pt architectre lead. Time to try again. software to real se. By Allison Arie 12 Corporate Genetics The Spreme ort has 8 Romancing the Phone banned gene patents. Some Has technology changed the companies say so what? fndamental natre of love? By C.J. Pascoe UFRONT 101 The Parado o Wearable 1 The Immortal Lie o the Technologies Enron Emails ccess to lots of data sonds The company is long gone bt nice. The reality is far messier. its emails remain remarkably By Don Norman sefl to researchers. 1 The EV Is ere to Stay DEO lectric cars have been called 10 Cyborg Parts the “next big thing” before. This ow to make a bionic ear. time the label might stick. By Susan Young 18 eroing In on Cancer A new “liid” biopsy can EAS GO detect cancer in the blood. 108 Who’s Listening In 20 itcoin illionaires Even in 180 srveillance Those who got in early are seemed scary and pervasive. enoying life as itcoin royalty. 22 The Avatar Will See You Yor next health practitioner may be a compter. 2 Pollution Crackdon 26 n overlooked clprit in global Introduction ....................................................................... p warming diesel soot. Inventors .............................................................................. p 28 2 The romise o D Printing Entrepreneurs .................................................................... p ever mind cte trinkets—the Visionaries ...........................................................................p 52 real ftre is in electronics. ON THE COVER: Humanitarians ....................................................................p 62 hoto by yan onnell for ls To arket Pioneers ................................................................................p 72 MIT Technology Review Infi nite Designs, One Platform with the only complete system design environment NI LabVIEW is the only comprehensive development environment with the LabVIEW system design unprecedented hardware integration and wide-ranging compatibility you need to meet software offers unrivaled any measurement and control application challenge. And LabVIEW is at the heart of hardware integration and the graphical system design approach, which uses an open platform of productive helps you program the way you think–graphically. software and reconfi gurable hardware to accelerate the development of your system. >> Accelerate your system design productivity at ni.com/labview-platform 800 453 6202 ©2012 National Instruments. All rights reserved. LabVIEW, National Instruments, NI, and ni.com are trademarks of National Instruments. Other product and company names listed are trademarks or trade names of their respective companies. 08010 MIT TECHNOLOGY REVIEW VOL. |NO. TECHNOLOGYREVIEW.COM Editor in Chief and Publisher CORPORATE ADVERTISING SALES MIT ENTERPRISE FORUM, INC. Jason Pontin Chief inancial Ocer Director of Advertising Sales Eecutive Director Rick roley James riedman ntoinette Matthes EDITORIAL Chief Operating Ocer Midest Sales Director Operations Associate and Editor James oyle Mareen Elmaleh Special Proects Manager
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