sign in sign up
<<
Home , Total depravity

1

ST2: of Man and Christ (Spring 2005)

Reformed Theological Seminary, Orlando Dr. Mark A. Garcia

Important Dates:

First Class Meeting: 2/3 RTS Spring Break: 3/14-18 Take-Home Mid-Term Exam: 3/24 Professor away at RTS D.C. (no class meeting): 3/21-25 Last Class Meeting: 5/5 Final Exam: 5/19

Lecture/Reading Outline:

READ: WCF chs. 6-9; LC Q&A 17-58

Introduction: Man and Christ: Initial considerations An exercise: do all partake of Christ in the Supper? (manducatio impiorum) I. Systematic A. Nature of B. Method of systematic theology 1. Redemptive-historical unity 2. Biblical-theological C. Relationship between systematic and 1. Historical and topical 2. Basic thesis regarding the relationship 3. Implications: against de-historicizing; against compartmentalization II. Man and Christ: a Theological Overview

Doctrine of Man

Preface: Anthropology as a division of systematic theology

READ: Berkhof, ST, pt. II; Calvin, Institutes I.1-4, 15-17; II.1-6 (Recommended: Hodge, ST, II.2 [chs. 1-9])

Origin of Man

I. Introduction: Genesis 1 and 2 A. Genesis 1 and 2 and Science 2

B. Evangelical Interpretations of Genesis 1:1-2:3 C. Relationship between Genesis 1:1-2:3 and 2:4ff. II. The Distinctive Features of Man’s Origin A. The special engagement of the divine counsel B. The immediate nature of man’s creation C. The unique nature with which man was endowed D. The lordship given to man E. The uniqueness of the divine procedure in the formation of man 1. Formation 2. Impartation F. Confirmation of man’s distinctiveness from his later history 1. Communion, commands, probation 2. W oman especially created 3. Superior intelligence 4. Sanctity of human life G. Conclusion III. The Antiquity of Man

READ: Kline, Images of the Spirit (Recommended: Berkouwer, The )

Nature of Man

I. W hat is Man? II. The Image of God (imago Dei) A. The biblical data and the problems they pose for interpretation 1. Texts which indicate that fallen men and women are still in God’s image a. Genesis 9:6 b. James 3:9 c. Gen. 5:1-3 d. 1 Cor. 11:7 2. Texts which indicate that men and women have lost the divine image and must be restored in it a. Col. 3:10; Eph. 4:24 b. Rom. 8:29 c. Rom. 3:23 B. Proposed solutions 1. Pelagian, Arminian, Socinian, and Roman Catholic views 2. Lutheran views 3. Reformed views a. Moral agency b. Moral excellence (1) Reformed view (2) Lutheran, Roman Catholic, Pelagian, Arminian views III. Man is spirit A. Biblical terminology B. Biblical distinction between body and spirit 3

C. The survival of the ego after death 1. Body as home to be torn down or as garment to be set aside a. 2 Cor. 5:1, 8 b. 2 Peter 1:12-15 2. Ego in the “intermediate state” a. Philip. 1:19-24 b. 2 Cor. 5:1-10 c. Luke 16:19-31 d. Luke 23:42-43 e. Rev. 6:9-11 IV. Trichotomy (see Murray, vol. 2, ch. 3) V. Origin of the Soul

READ: Ward, God and

The Creation Covenant

I. Introduction: what shall we call this original arrangement? II. The parties involved A. God B. Adam 1. Not simply as an individual but in a corporate relationship with human race a. 1 Cor. 15:22; Rom. 5:12-19 b. Analogy drawn between Adam and Christ 2. Nature of this relationship with the race a. Biological/seminal/genealogical union b. Realistic union c. Representative/Federalist union d. Corporate personality III. The Condition: Obedience IV. The Promise: Life A. Evidence for a promise of eschatological life of holiness 1. Tree of Life 2. Analogy of Second/ B. Limited period of probation 1. Temptations of Jesus 2. Jude 6 C. W as this promise revealed to Adam? D. W hat relation did the tree of life bear to the life itself? V. The Threat: Death A. Judicial death B. Spiritual/moral/religious death C. Psycho-physical death

The

I. Introduction: the Fall as source of Hope! 4

II. Temptation III. Immediate effects of the Fall IV. Mysteries arising from the fact of the Fall A. Problem of 1. God has from eternity ordained whatsoever comes to pass 2. God is not the author of B. W hy?

READ: Murray, The Imputation of Adam’s Sin; Murray, Collected Writings vol. 2, chs. 1-9

Sin

I. The nature of sin II. Imputation of Adam’s sin III. Total depravity A. Definition 1. as (1) universal moral corruption, or (2) Adam’s first sin a. Broad usage b. Narrower usage c. Meaning of “original” 2. “Total” depravity a. W hat is “total”? b. W hat is a “good work” c. Radical depravity: the sinful heart d. Total depravity and B. Biblical basis C. Total depravity and the Christian IV. Total inability A. Matt. 7:17, 18 B. John 6:44, 45, 64, 65 C. Rom. 8:7, 8 V. Free agency A. God’s sovereignty and man’s freedom B. Man’s fall and “free agency” C. In what does free agency consist? 1. Reality of human action 2. Voluntarism of human action 3. Responsibility of human action 4. Determinant of human action (or volition, pace Murray) D. E. Four possible moral states of man: innocence, sin, grace, glory

Doctrine of Christ

READ: Calvin, Institutes II.9, 12-15; Kärkkäinen, , chs. 4-30 (Recommended: Hodge, ST II.3 [chs. 2, 3]) 5

Preliminary Remarks

I. Christology: initial considerations A. Christology as a division of systematic theology 1. Intensive importance 2. Extensive importance 3. The “center” of Christology: the NT 4. The “center” of Christology: the OT 5. Christology: center and circumference; decree and covenant a. Redemptive-historical focus and the decree b. Avoiding a limited “cross theology” B. Distinctions 1. Christology and a. Person of Christ: deity and humanity b. W ork of Christ: Accomplishment of c. W ork of Christ: Application of 2. Distinctions within Christology C. Person and W ork: A probe of modern and contemporary

READ: Warfield, Person and Work of Christ, chs. 1-8; Murray, Collected Writings vol. 2, ch. 12.

II. The Person of Christ A. A brief history B. Contemporary models C. Exegetical Issues D. Exploring deep structures: person in connection with and salvation 1. Roman Catholic and Lutheran models 2. Reformed model 3. Example: extra Calvinisticum 4. Example: manducatio impiorum III. Christ and the decree: the eternal origin of salvation A. The plan of salvation B. Modern denials C. Biblical basis for the divine decree

READ: Ridderbos, Paul, sections 7-14.

IV. Christ and the Covenant: the covenantal context of salvation A. Christ and Adam 1. Movement: One to all / federal headship 2. Covenant arrangement of the work of Christ B. 1 Cor. 15:44b-49 C. Christ as Eschatological Image of God: Colossians 1:15-2:8 1. Paul’s Trinitarian Christocentrism 2. Christ’s Ontic Status and Redemptive-Historical Function 6

a. Image of God (1:15a) b. Firstborn over creation (1:15b), Firstborn from the dead (1:18b) c. of the “Mystery” (1:26; 2:3) d. Philosophy “according to Christ” (2:8) D. Covenant in Scripture 1. Matt. 13:16-17 2. The idea of covenant: the reality in view 3. One covenant 4. Comprehensiveness of the covenant 5. Unilateral or bilateral? 6. Conclusion E. The Covenant of Creation / Covenant of W orks 1. Primary considerations 2. Question of terminology F. The Covenant of the New Creation 1. Redemptive grace a. Redemptive grace and the Fall b. Redemptive grace and common grace 2. The covenant of grace and of works: a comparison a. Differences/continuities b. Similarities/continuities G. The Covenant of Grace: unity and diversity V. Concluding Reflections

Bringing it all together: Concluding reflections of Man and Christ

I. Clarifying the deep structures A. Covenant B. Image C. Glory D. II. Examples revisited A. Extra Calvinisticum? B. Manducatio Impiorum? C. Christ’s Humanity: Fallen or Unfallen? III. Final thoughts