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The Constitutional Requirements for the Royal Morganatic Marriage
The Constitutional Requirements for the Royal Morganatic Marriage Benoît Pelletier* This article examines the constitutional Cet article analyse les implications implications, for Canada and the other members of the constitutionnelles, pour le Canada et les autres pays Commonwealth, of a morganatic marriage in the membres du Commonwealth, d’un mariage British royal family. The Germanic concept of morganatique au sein de la famille royale britannique. “morganatic marriage” refers to a legal union between Le concept de «mariage morganatique», d’origine a man of royal birth and a woman of lower status, with germanique, renvoie à une union légale entre un the condition that the wife does not assume a royal title homme de descendance royale et une femme de statut and any children are excluded from their father’s rank inférieur, à condition que cette dernière n’acquière pas or hereditary property. un titre royal, ou encore qu’aucun enfant issu de cette For such a union to be celebrated in the royal union n’accède au rang du père ni n’hérite de ses biens. family, the parliament of the United Kingdom would Afin qu’un tel mariage puisse être célébré dans la have to enact legislation. If such a law had the effect of famille royale, une loi doit être adoptée par le denying any children access to the throne, the laws of parlement du Royaume-Uni. Or si une telle loi devait succession would be altered, and according to the effectivement interdire l’accès au trône aux enfants du second paragraph of the preamble to the Statute of couple, les règles de succession seraient modifiées et il Westminster, the assent of the Canadian parliament and serait nécessaire, en vertu du deuxième paragraphe du the parliaments of the Commonwealth that recognize préambule du Statut de Westminster, d’obtenir le Queen Elizabeth II as their head of state would be consentement du Canada et des autres pays qui required. -
Catalogue of the Earl Marshal's Papers at Arundel
CONTENTS CONTENTS v FOREWORD by Sir Anthony Wagner, K.C.V.O., Garter King of Arms vii PREFACE ix LIST OF REFERENCES xi NUMERICAL KEY xiii COURT OF CHIVALRY Dated Cases 1 Undated Cases 26 Extracts from, or copies of, records relating to the Court; miscellaneous records concerning the Court or its officers 40 EARL MARSHAL Office and Jurisdiction 41 Precedence 48 Deputies 50 Dispute between Thomas, 8th Duke of Norfolk and Henry, Earl of Berkshire, 1719-1725/6 52 Secretaries and Clerks 54 COLLEGE OF ARMS General Administration 55 Commissions, appointments, promotions, suspensions, and deaths of Officers of Arms; applications for appointments as Officers of Arms; lists of Officers; miscellanea relating to Officers of Arms 62 Office of Garter King of Arms 69 Officers of Arms Extraordinary 74 Behaviour of Officers of Arms 75 Insignia and dress 81 Fees 83 Irregularities contrary to the rules of honour and arms 88 ACCESSIONS AND CORONATIONS Coronation of King James II 90 Coronation of King George III 90 Coronation of King George IV 90 Coronation of Queen Victoria 90 Coronation of King Edward VII and Queen Alexandra 90 Accession and Coronation of King George V and Queen Mary 96 Royal Accession and Coronation Oaths 97 Court of Claims 99 FUNERALS General 102 King George II 102 Augusta, Dowager Princess of Wales 102 King George III 102 King William IV 102 William Ewart Gladstone 103 Queen Victoria 103 King Edward VII 104 CEREMONIAL Precedence 106 Court Ceremonial; regulations; appointments; foreign titles and decorations 107 Opening of Parliament -
THE BRITISH ARMY in the LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 By
‘FAIRLY OUT-GENERALLED AND DISGRACEFULLY BEATEN’: THE BRITISH ARMY IN THE LOW COUNTRIES, 1793-1814 by ANDREW ROBERT LIMM A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY. University of Birmingham School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law October, 2014. University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The history of the British Army in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars is generally associated with stories of British military victory and the campaigns of the Duke of Wellington. An intrinsic aspect of the historiography is the argument that, following British defeat in the Low Countries in 1795, the Army was transformed by the military reforms of His Royal Highness, Frederick Duke of York. This thesis provides a critical appraisal of the reform process with reference to the organisation, structure, ethos and learning capabilities of the British Army and evaluates the impact of the reforms upon British military performance in the Low Countries, in the period 1793 to 1814, via a series of narrative reconstructions. This thesis directly challenges the transformation argument and provides a re-evaluation of British military competency in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. -
OUTSIDE the GATES. the PASSING BELL. the King’S Champion
APRIL, 1937 Gbe JBritieh 3ournaI OP Il;lur$fn~ 109 OUTSIDE THE GATES. THE PASSING BELL. The King’s Champion. THE DUCHESS OF BEDFORD. Mr. Frank Scaman Dymolre, of Scrivelsby Court, Horn- Those of us who knew her personally deeply deplore the castle, Lincolnshire, the King’s Champion, has received tragic disappearanceinto space of the Duchess of Bedford- authority from the Earl Marshal, the Duke of Norfolk, to a very remarkable and lovable woman-who, if she had carry the Standard of England at the Coronation, a proud not been a Duchess, might have made a brilliant surgeon privilege indeed I or nurse administrator. We first knew her during the Great War, when she invited our help in the organisation Mr. Dymolre is entitled to bear the Standard of England of her wonderful hospital for sick soldiers at Woburn. by virtue of his tenure of the Manor of Scrivelsby. His It was little advice she required, as she was an absolutely family has held the office of King’s Champion since 1377, devoted nurse, working in the wards from early morning and a Dymoke has attended every Coronation from that to late into the night with the rank and file With supreme date. devotion and instinctive skill based on scientific study of In olden days it was the right and duty of the King’s every detail. Champion to ride in full armour, mounted on a charger, into The members of the British College of Nurses will remem- Westminster Hall while the Coronation banquet was being ber her as one of their guests of honour at the Annual held, ‘and challenge all who should deny the King to be the Dinner held at the Caf6 Monico, in July, 1930, under the title lawful sovereign. -
The Welsh Seal of the National Assembly for Wales
The Welsh Seal of the National Assembly for Wales The Great Seal of the Realm is the chief seal of the Crown, used to show the Monarch's approval of important state documents. The practice of using this seal began in the reign of Edward the Confessor in the eleventh century, when a double-sided metal matrix with an image of the Sovereign was used to make an impression in wax for attachment by ribbon or cord to Royal documents. The seal meant that the monarch did not need to sign every official document in person; authorisation could be carried out instead by an appointed officer. Between 2007 and 2011 proposed Measures passed by the National Assembly for Wales were subject to “Royal Approval”. Separate Great Seals exist for Scotland and Northern Ireland and, from 2011, a Seal for Wales now exists. Royal Assent Royal Assent is the Monarch's agreement to make a Bill into an Act of the National Assembly for Wales. Royal Assent is conferred by the Monarch signing Letters Patent under the Welsh Seal. The Monarch's agreement to give her assent to a Bill is automatic. Student Research Look for examples of Seals using your school library, local library and the internet. Also research Signet Rings which were worn as jewellery and used by individuals to seal their initials or coat of arms into wax seals on important documents and letters. Form of Letters Patent “ELIZABETH THE SECOND by the Grace of God of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and of Our other Realms and Territories Queen Head of the Commonwealth Defender of the -
The Arms of the Baronial and Police Burghs of Scotland
'^m^ ^k: UC-NRLF nil! |il!|l|ll|ll|l||il|l|l|||||i!|||!| C E 525 bm ^M^ "^ A \ THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND Of this Volume THREE HUNDRED AND Fifteen Copies have been printed, of which One Hundred and twenty are offered for sale. THE ARMS OF THE BARONIAL AND POLICE BURGHS OF SCOTLAND BY JOHN MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T. H. J. STEVENSON AND H. W. LONSDALE EDINBURGH WILLIAM BLACKWOOD & SONS 1903 UNIFORM WITH THIS VOLUME. THE ARMS OF THE ROYAL AND PARLIAMENTARY BURGHS OF SCOTLAND. BY JOHN, MARQUESS OF BUTE, K.T., J. R. N. MACPHAIL, AND H. W. LONSDALE. With 131 Engravings on Wood and 11 other Illustrations. Crown 4to, 2 Guineas net. ABERCHIRDER. Argent, a cross patee gules. The burgh seal leaves no doubt of the tinctures — the field being plain, and the cross scored to indicate gules. One of the points of difference between the bearings of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs on the one hand and those of the I Police Burghs on the other lies in the fact that the former carry castles and ships to an extent which becomes almost monotonous, while among the latter these bearings are rare. On the other hand, the Police Burghs very frequently assume a charge of which A 079 2 Aberchirder. examples, in the blazonry of the Royal and Parliamentary Burghs, are very rare : this is the cross, derived apparently from the fact that their market-crosses are the most prominent of their ancient monuments. In cases where the cross calvary does not appear, a cross of some other kind is often found, as in the present instance. -
The Cairngorm Club Journal 111, 2015
246 The Mar Estate Editor's note: Graham Ewen, the late Honorary President of the Club, has written 9 articles for the Journal on the history of the Mar Estate. This is the final one, on the Corriemulzie Estate. After he started to write this article he became ill and died, but his long-time collaborator on the research of the Duff House Papers, Eddie Martin, has undertaken the task of completing the article. Corriemulzie Eddie Martin and Graham Ewen The precise boundaries of the Corriemulzie Estate are difficult to identify beyond the fact that they were located on the road from Braemar to Inverey, bounded by Auchendryne Estate to the east and Inverey Estate to the west. In a Charter dated 28 September 1632, granted by John, Earl of Mar to an Alister Mackenzie, it is described as the town and lands of Corriemulzie, with the pendicle called Wester Arderg extending to four oxgates, the town and lands of Craggan extending to two oxgates and the shielings of Reflinchwood, Inveraltlat and Corronraw which were probably on the east side of Glen Ey. An oxgate varies in area and averages about 13 acres. The southern march was probably the ridge of Creag an Fhithich or, using the archaic phrase for a ridge, 'where wind and weather shears'. The northern march of the Estate is even more difficult to define as Craggan is on the north side of the river Dee and one would have expected the river itself to be the natural boundary, (Fig. 1). After much litigation between Farquharson of Inverey, who now owned Corriemulzie, and the Earl of Fife, who now owned the Mackenzie of Dalmore Estate, Craggan was ceded to Thethe Earl followin Cairngormg an exchange of grazing right Clubs and the river became the northern march. -
King George Iv
KING GEORGE IV “NARRATIVE HISTORY” AMOUNTS TO FABULATION, THE REAL STUFF BEING MERE CHRONOLOGY “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project King George IV HDT WHAT? INDEX KING GEORGE IV KING GEORGE IV 1283 King Edward I of England conquered Wales. DO I HAVE YOUR ATTENTION? GOOD. King George IV “Stack of the Artist of Kouroo” Project HDT WHAT? INDEX KING GEORGE IV KING GEORGE IV 1701 The Act of Settlement declared that those royals who chose to get married with Roman Catholics were to become ineligible for the line of succession to the throne of England. ANTI-CATHOLICISM HDT WHAT? INDEX KING GEORGE IV KING GEORGE IV 1762 August 12, Thursday: George Augustus Frederick was born at St James’s Palace in London, the eldest son of King George III. At birth he automatically became Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay. He would become popularly known as “Prinny” because a few days later the infant would be anointed as Prince of Wales, Earl of Chester, and heir apparent to the British throne. George, the eldest son of George III, was born in 1762. George rebelled against his father’s strict discipline. At the age of eighteen he became involved with an actress, Mrs. Perdita Robinson. This was followed by a relationship with Lady Melbourne. The Prince of Wales also rebelled against his father’s political views. Whereas George III preferred Tory ministers, George, Prince of Wales, was friendly with the Whigs, Charles Fox and Richard Sheridan. In 1784 the Prince of Wales, met a fell in love with Mrs. -
Visualising Victoria: Gender, Genre and History in the Young Victoria (2009)
Visualising Victoria: Gender, Genre and History in The Young Victoria (2009) Julia Kinzler (Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Germany) Abstract This article explores the ambivalent re-imagination of Queen Victoria in Jean-Marc Vallée’s The Young Victoria (2009). Due to the almost obsessive current interest in Victorian sexuality and gender roles that still seem to frame contemporary debates, this article interrogates the ambiguous depiction of gender relations in this most recent portrayal of Victoria, especially as constructed through the visual imagery of actual artworks incorporated into the film. In its self-conscious (mis)representation of Victorian (royal) history, this essay argues, The Young Victoria addresses the problems and implications of discussing the film as a royal biopic within the generic conventions of heritage cinema. Keywords: biopic, film, gender, genre, iconography, neo-Victorianism, Queen Victoria, royalty, Jean-Marc Vallée. ***** In her influential monograph Victoriana, Cora Kaplan describes the huge popularity of neo-Victorian texts and the “fascination with things Victorian” as a “British postwar vogue which shows no signs of exhaustion” (Kaplan 2007: 2). Yet, from this “rich afterlife of Victorianism” cinematic representations of the eponymous monarch are strangely absent (Johnston and Waters 2008: 8). The recovery of Queen Victoria on film in John Madden’s visualisation of the delicate John-Brown-episode in the Queen’s later life in Mrs Brown (1997) coincided with the academic revival of interest in the monarch reflected by Margaret Homans and Adrienne Munich in Remaking Queen Victoria (1997). Academia and the film industry brought the Queen back to “the centre of Victorian cultures around the globe”, where Homans and Munich believe “she always was” (Homans and Munich 1997: 1). -
Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C.: Second Lecture Delivered in The
Library of Congress Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C. Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C. SECOND LECTURE DELIVERED IN THE METH. PROTESTANT CHURCH, GEORGETOWN, D. C MARCH 9, 1859. BY REV. T. B. BALCH. WASHINGTON: HENRY POLKINHORN, PRINTER. 1859. Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C. SECOND LECTURE DELIVERED IN THE METH. PROTESTANT CHURCH, GEORGETOWN, D. C. MARCH 9, 1859. BY REV. T. B. BALCH. WASHINGTON: HENRY POLKINHORN, PRINTER. 1859. TO MISS ELIZABETH DICK. FOR SIXTY YEARS A RESIDENT OF GEORGETOWN, THIS SECOND LECTURE, COMPOSED OF JUVENILE REMINISCENCES, IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED, BY THE AUTHOR. Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C. http://www.loc.gov/resource/lhbcb.01995 Library of Congress More Reminiscences of Georgetown, D. C. The Creator has been pleased to bestow on man the power of retrospection, while our prospective faculty has been limited for wise purposes. Burke indeed foretold the end of the French revolution, but the second-sight of that statesman resulted from views founded on the opening of the tragedy. A person of even common understanding may reason as to consequences on facts already known, but he will be liable to mistakes in the conclusions at which he arrives. He may reach probability, but demonstration escapes his foreknowledge. Napoleon, who was a political prophet in the estimation of many, is said to have predicted the late attempt of Nicholas, the Russian czar, on the dominions of the sultan. This prediction, however, was no proof of sagacity. Attempts had been made on the Crimea by ambitious czars and czarinas long before the time of Bonaparte. Was there, then, anything wonderful in the disclosure made by the exile of St. -
Victoria & Abdul
Victoria & Abdul For those Anglophiles who want another immersion in the warm, luxurious stew of the British monarchy, look no further for your latest fix than “Victoria and Abdul,” an engaging if utterly predictable dip into late Victorianism by a whole passel of old British pros, plus an attractive newcomer. All you need to know is that Dame Judi Dench rules this film as Queen Victoria, way late in her reign, alienated from her son (the future Edward VII), sour as vinegar from her unending rule, and looking for some—any—breath of the novel and the fresh. As she herself admits when challenged in the film: ”I am cantankerous, greedy, fat; I am perhaps, disagreeably, attached to power.” Her relief comes in the form of one Abdul Karim, a young, literate Indian Muslim (Ali Fazal) who is selected to come to London from Agra in 1887 to deliver a special commemorative coin to Her Majesty on the occasion of her Golden Jubilee. Abdul is supposed to be invisible to the Queen, but instead he catches her eye, then her mood, and finally, her spirit to the point where he becomes her teacher, or “munshi,” in all things Muslim and Indian as well as serving as her clerk. Theirs is a relationship which appalls her family—including the Prince of Wales (a bombastic Eddie Izzard)— and the court—especially in the person of Sir Henry Ponsonby (the uptight Tim Pigott- Smith) but which lasted until the Queen’s death in 1901. Sound familiar? Of course, we are in the same realm as the earlier “Mrs. -
Introduction
Notes Introduction 1. 'Elizabeth R·. BBC (1992). 2. D. Cannadine. 'The Context. Perfonnance and Meaning of Ritual: The British Monarchy and the "Invention of Tradition". c. 1820-1977'. in The Inven tion of Tradition. E. Hobsbawm and T. Ranger (eds) (Cambridge. 1983) 101-64. Also see his 'Introduction: divine rights of kings'. in Rituals of Royalty. Cannadine and S. Price (eds) (Cambridge. 1987) 1-19. 3. 'Tradition. Continuity. Stability. Soap Opera'. The Economist. 22 Oct. 1994. 32. 4. E. Hobsbawm. 'Mass Producing Traditions: Europe. 1870-1914'. Invention of Tradition. 263-307. 5. Ibid .• 282. 6. 'The Not So Ancient Traditions of Monarchy'. New Society. 2 Jun. 1977. 438. This was a preliminary version of the essay that appeared in the Hobsbawm collection. 7. 'British Monarchy and the "Invention of Tradition"'. Invention of Tradition. 122. 8. Ibid .• 124. 9. Cannadine quoting Lady Longford. ibid .• 141. 10. Ibid .• 161. 11. D. Cannadine. The Pleasures of the Past (London. 1989) 30. 12. Ibid. 13. Ibid .• 259. 14. L. Colley. Britons, Forging the Nation 1707-1837 (New Haven and Lon don. 1992) ch. 5; idem. 'The Apotheosis of George ill: Loyalty. Royalty and the British Nation 1760-1820'. Past and Present. no. 102 (Feb. 1984) 94-129. See also M. A. Morris. 'Monarchy as an Issue in English Political Argument during the French Revolutionary Era'. PhD thesis. University of London. 1988. esp. ch. 7. 'Royalist Ritual and the Support of the State'. 15. L. Colley. 'Whose Nation? Class and National Consciousness in Britain 1750-1830'. Past and Present. no. 113 (November 1986) 117. 16.