DOCSLIB.ORG

Peace, Politics, and Religion

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Peace, Politics, and Religion Peace, Politics, Peace, and Religion • JeffreyHaynes Peace, Politics, and Religion Edited by Jeffrey Haynes Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Religions www.mdpi.com/journal/religions Peace, Politics, and Religion Peace, Politics, and Religion Editor Jeffrey Haynes MDPI • Basel • Beijing • Wuhan • Barcelona • Belgrade • Manchester • Tokyo • Cluj • Tianjin Editor Jeffrey Haynes London Metropolitan University UK Editorial Office MDPI St. Alban-Anlage 66 4052 Basel, Switzerland This is a reprint of articles from the Special Issue published online in the open access journal Religions (ISSN 2077-1444) (available at: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/religions/special issues/ Politics Religion). For citation purposes, cite each article independently as indicated on the article page online and as indicated below: LastName, A.A.; LastName, B.B.; LastName, C.C. Article Title. Journal Name Year, Article Number, Page Range. ISBN 978-3-03936-664-4 (Hbk) ISBN 978-3-03936-665-1 (PDF) c 2020 by the authors. Articles in this book are Open Access and distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license, which allows users to download, copy and build upon published articles, as long as the author and publisher are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. The book as a whole is distributed by MDPI under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons license CC BY-NC-ND. Contents About the Editor .............................................. vii Jeffrey Haynes Introductory Thoughts about Peace, Politics and Religion Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 242, doi:10.3390/rel11050242 ................... 1 Michał Gierycz Religion: A Source of Fundamentalism or A Safeguard Against It? Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 104, doi:10.3390/rel11030104 ................... 9 Laura Payne What Can Faith-Based Forms of Violent Conflict Prevention Teach Us About Liberal Peace? Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 167, doi:10.3390/rel11040167 ................... 29 Christine Schliesser Religion and Peace—Anatomy of a Love–Hate Relationship Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 219, doi:10.3390/rel11050219 ................... 45 Joanna Kulska Religious Engagement and the Migration Issue: Towards Reconciling Political and Moral Duty Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 236, doi:10.3390/rel11050236 ................... 57 Peter Friedlander Reassessing Religion and Politics in the Life of Jagjivan Ram¯ Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 224, doi:10.3390/rel11050224 ................... 77 Netta van Vliet Israelijew Jewisraeli: Yoram Kaniuk’s Adam Resurrected and the Problem of the Human Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 157, doi:10.3390/rel11040157 ................... 95 Joram Tarusarira When Piety Is Not Enough: Religio-Political Organizations in Pursuit of Peace and Reconciliation in Zimbabwe Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 235, doi:10.3390/rel11050235 ...................111 Bekithemba Dube ‘Go and Prophesy in Your Own Land’: Foreign Prophets and Popularism in South Africa. Evoking the Need of Jonathanic Theology for Peaceful Resolution of Difference Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 42, doi:10.3390/rel11010042 ....................127 Kangdim Dingji Maza, Umut Koldas and Sait Aksit Challenges of Countering Terrorist Recruitment in the Lake Chad Region: The Case of Boko Haram Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 96, doi:10.3390/rel11020096 ....................139 Dino Krause, Isak Svensson and Goran¨ Larsson Why Is There So Little Shia–Sunni Dialogue? Understanding the Deficit of Intra-Muslim Dialogue and Interreligious Peacemaking Reprinted from: Religions 2019, 10, 567, doi:10.3390/rel10100567 ...................165 v Xabier It¸caina Catholic Mediation in the Basque Peace Process: Questioning the Transnational Dimension Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 216, doi:10.3390/rel11050216 ...................183 Lee Marsden International Religious Freedom Promotion and US Foreign Policy Reprinted from: Religions 2020, 11, 260, doi:10.3390/rel11050260 ...................199 vi About the Editor Jeffrey Haynes is professor emeritus of Politics at London Metropolitan University. Among his recent publications are: Religion, Conflict and Post-Secular Politics, London, Routledge, 2020, and The Routledge Handbook to Religion and Political Parties (ed.), London: Routledge, 2020. vii religions Editorial Introductory Thoughts about Peace, Politics and Religion Jeffrey Haynes School of Social Sciences, London Metropolitan University, London N7 8DB, UK; [email protected] Received: 23 April 2020; Accepted: 5 May 2020; Published: 13 May 2020 Abstract: Recent years have seen a growing literature on the interactions between peace, politics and religion, including their diverse and often complex relationships. Underpinning this literature is an increase, more generally, in scholarly and policy interest in connections between religion and politics. The context is that over the last three decades, religion has made a remarkable return to prominence in various academic literatures, including sociology, political science and international relations. This was a surprise to many social scientists and confounded the expectations of both secularization theorists and secularists. In addition, religion retained a strong, some say growing, significance as a core source of identity for billions of people around the world. Numerous religious leaders and faith-based organizations are important carriers and focal points of religious ideas, playing an important role in many countries, both developed and developing, as well as internationally, including at the United Nations and to a lesser, although still notable extent, in the European Union and other regional organizations. This introductory article examines interactions between religious entities in relation to peace and conflict and sets the scene for the articles comprising this volume. Keywords: peace; politics; conflict; religion; faith; faith-based organizations Recent years have seen a growing literature on the interactions between peace, politics and religion, including their diverse and often complex relationships. Underpinning this literature is an increase, more generally, in scholarly and policy interest in connections between religion and politics. Sind the 1980s, there has been renewed scholarly interest in the social sciences regarding how religion affects outcomes in the discipline’s various sub-disciplines, including the study of politics. Many social scientists were very surprised by this development; most at this time were adherents of the secularization thesis. This maintained that as societies modernized they would inevitably secularize. Things turned out differently: instead, religion has retained a strong, some say growing, significance as a core source of identity for billions of people around the world. In addition, numerous religious individuals and faith-based organizations (FBOs) are important carriers and focal points of religious ideas. They play an important role not only in numerous countries around the world, but also in some of the world’s major international organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union and the Organization of Islamic Cooperation. Why does social science now pay more attention to what religion does in terms of outcomes? It is often suggested that religion has an important, sometimes pivotal role, in conflict. Religion can either be a cause of conflict, or a key component in helping resolve conflict. In addition, once religion has established a key role in ending conflict, it may then pay a role in helping build sustained peace. That being said, it is certainly the case that when someone is asked how they regard the role of religion in various aspects of conflict, then many would suggest that it is noteable primarily for causing or exacerbating conflict, not helping resolve it. In this respect, there is much empirical evidence amassed over the last few decades to substantiate the notion that religion is more the problem than the solution to many of the world’s more enduring conflicts, both within countries and between them. In the West, for example, religious hatred characterized the recently quelled conflict in Northern Ireland, while in the USA, culture wars between religionists and secularists have widened and deepening during Religions 2020, 11, 242; doi:10.3390/rel110502421 www.mdpi.com/journal/religions Religions 2020, 11, 242 the controversial presidency of Donald Trump. On the other hand, there is growing evidence that religious leaders and FBOs can, if so minded, play highly constructive roles in helping end societal violence and interstate conflicts. How might they do this? They can alert their followers and others to the dangers that an emerging conflict poses for societal harmony, they can do their best to help resolve conflicts when the have begun, and they can be advocates for peace and conflict resolution. They can offer to be mediators between conflicting parties and can seek to bring them together once peace is won. In short, contemporary discussions about the relationship between peace, politics and religion necessarily highlight that religion can both encourage conflict and peace, through the activities of people individually and collectively, imbued with faith-based ideas and ideals. Given the often-messy nature of religiously-informed conflict, it is no surprise that we do not have a sole, sophisticated theoretical model enabling us to understand clearly all the applicable cases of religion’s
Load more

Recommended publications
  • 1 COPYRIGHT STATEMENT This Copy of the Thesis Has Been
    University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 04 University of Plymouth Research Theses 01 Research Theses Main Collection 2012 Life Expansion: Toward an Artistic, Design-Based Theory of the Transhuman / Posthuman Vita-More, Natasha http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1182 University of Plymouth All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. COPYRIGHT STATEMENT This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognize that its copyright rests with its author and that no quotation from the thesis and no information derived from it may be published without the author’s prior consent. 1 Life Expansion: Toward an Artistic, Design-Based Theory of the Transhuman / Posthuman by NATASHA VITA-MORE A thesis submitted to the University of Plymouth in partial fulfillment for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of Art & Media Faculty of Arts April 2012 2 Natasha Vita-More Life Expansion: Toward an Artistic, Design-Based Theory of the Transhuman / Posthuman The thesis’ study of life expansion proposes a framework for artistic, design-based approaches concerned with prolonging human life and sustaining personal identity. To delineate the topic: life expansion means increasing the length of time a person is alive and diversifying the matter in which a person exists.
    [Show full text]
  • Cycle of Prayer A4
    all members of our Anglican Communion 28 th - Thursday - Melangell (6th c.), Abbess throughout the world. For the Archbishop of Canterbury, - Justin Welby, Diocese of Navajoland Area Mission (The Episcopal and all primates and bishops Church) - David Bailey, Bishop For members of the Anglican Consultative Council Diocese of Aipo Rongo (Papua New Guinea) - May For the Secretary General, - Dr Josiah Idowu- Nathan Ingen, Bishop 2020 Fearon, Diocese of Ajayi Crowther (Nigeria) - Olugbenga For the staff at the Anglican Communion Office in Oduntan, Bishop London and the UN offices in Geneva and New Give thanks for the people of Penrhos, Detheur York & Sarnau and Holy Trinity church, Penrhos In our diocese we pray for Gregory, our Bishop;Barry, Archdeacon of Montgomery; Give thanks for our retired clergy and their Pray for care home residents for Pool Mission Area and Steve Willson, Mission Area Leader. much-valued ministry Pool Mission Area can be found in the South East of the Diocese, with Caereinion and Tanat- Vyrnwy MAs to the West; Cedewain MA to the South and the Church of England to the North Pray for those who have been unable to grieve 29 th - Friday and East. Pool’s 16 churches serve communities either side of the A483 trunk road, with the properly for people who have died because of Diocese of Ndokwa (Nigeria) - David Obiosa, market town of Welshpool at its centre. In the North it reaches half way to Oswestry: in the the restrictions on funeral services Bishop South half way to Newtown. We are focused on trying to live out God’s love in the Diocese of Akobo (South Sudan) - John Jock Chol, communities we serve.
    [Show full text]
  • Calendar of Intercessions Michaelmas – Advent 2017
    Calendar of Intercessions Michaelmas – Advent 2017 to this edition of the prayer diary, following the Feast St Michael and All Angels until the first Sunday of Advent. There are now two Rochester cycles of prayer – ‘parishes’ and ‘extra- Welcome parochial’. This is an attempt to be a little more even handed with the additional groups who are prayed for as the year turns, and to include our church schools in our prayers. As usual, it’s a sizable document but designed to be quick and clear to read, and also to leave space for your own notes. Of course, you do not have to print it all out at once, and you’re welcome to reformat it, if you wish (a Word version is available from my blog, see website below). Sunday entries are designed to look at some of the bigger pictures in our Diocese – sometimes geographical (deaneries, archdeaconries, link dioceses) sometimes issues or activities (Vocations Sunday). If there is an aspect of diocesan life that you’d like included on a Sunday, do let me know. These are followed through the week by daily prayers from all over the diocese, and across the Anglican Communion, including the calendar of saints and other worthy people. Finally, there is space in the daily entries for you to note any prayer requests that have been made to you or your parish, or any special interests you want to remember in your prayers. Please contact me with any comments or suggestions – [email protected] or 01634 814439. I will also be pleased to provide large print copies to any who would find that helpful.
    [Show full text]
  • Feb Team Cup Final Leaderboard 2017
    TEAM CUP COMPLETE LEADERBOARD Below are the final results for the February 2017 Team Cup. Great job teams! To see your team's name in lights below, use the quick "Find" function. For PC users, hold down the Control + F keys simultaneously and then type your team name into the search box at the top of the document. Mac users: Command + F TEAM NAME TEAM CAPTAIN TOTAL POINTS Beauty Fitness Melissa Hart 175 Fit Tribe Johannie Bourgeois 175 Funky 5 Andreanne Morin 175 Team To The Top Cassidy Brewer 137 Team UniCORE CRUSH Kim Fitzpatrick 132 SET YOUR SOUL ON FIRE Amy Silverman 123 The Ultimate Warriors Lindsay Martin 123 The Dream Team Melanie Mitro 118 Team Crazyness Jessica Roman 112 Fit, Funky, and Full of Life Danielle Natoni 105 DREAM TEAM Lena Kleine 136 TEAM INSPIRING CHANGE Veronique Tremblay 109 Snow Queens Stephanie Caron 102 Sparkling Team Andreeanne Desmarais 97 TeamMADE Melissa Mcallister 95 Fit Fab Five Fiesty Ladies Jenna Risinger 93 BEACHBODY BOSS MOMS Caitlyn Fowler 92 Levantando Bandera Ivanova Morales 89 Ladies in the sky Sylvie Gauthier 89 5 Beauties for the cup! Genevieve Leclerc 88 Together Rising Moira Kucaba 88 Team Push-Up Marie Philippe Desmarais 87 Start A Revolution Jolee Mcleod 86 The LION Queens Emilie Robidas 85 Bar Belles Alexis Whalen 83 Team Shine Bright Jennifer Bernier 82 #F4GoalCrushers Mandy Gulley 82 Fit Boss Squad Emily Kearbey 81 Becoming Limitless Morgan Rieger 81 Fitspire Divas on Demand Kim Lima 81 Fit 5 Tribe Kelsey Lawrence 81 Ripped Revolution Diamonds Katie Jarema 79 Boss Babes Danny Dettra 79
    [Show full text]
  • The Pulitzer Prizes 2020 Winne
    WINNERS AND FINALISTS 1917 TO PRESENT TABLE OF CONTENTS Excerpts from the Plan of Award ..............................................................2 PULITZER PRIZES IN JOURNALISM Public Service ...........................................................................................6 Reporting ...............................................................................................24 Local Reporting .....................................................................................27 Local Reporting, Edition Time ..............................................................32 Local General or Spot News Reporting ..................................................33 General News Reporting ........................................................................36 Spot News Reporting ............................................................................38 Breaking News Reporting .....................................................................39 Local Reporting, No Edition Time .......................................................45 Local Investigative or Specialized Reporting .........................................47 Investigative Reporting ..........................................................................50 Explanatory Journalism .........................................................................61 Explanatory Reporting ...........................................................................64 Specialized Reporting .............................................................................70
    [Show full text]
  • Television Academy Awards
    2021 Primetime Emmy® Awards Ballot Outstanding Music Composition For A Series (Original Dramatic Score) The Alienist: Angel Of Darkness Belly Of The Beast After the horrific murder of a Lying-In Hospital employee, the team are now hot on the heels of the murderer. Sara enlists the help of Joanna to tail their prime suspect. Sara, Kreizler and Moore try and put the pieces together. Bobby Krlic, Composer All Creatures Great And Small (MASTERPIECE) Episode 1 James Herriot interviews for a job with harried Yorkshire veterinarian Siegfried Farnon. His first day is full of surprises. Alexandra Harwood, Composer American Dad! 300 It’s the 300th episode of American Dad! The Smiths reminisce about the funniest thing that has ever happened to them in order to complete the application for a TV gameshow. Walter Murphy, Composer American Dad! The Last Ride Of The Dodge City Rambler The Smiths take the Dodge City Rambler train to visit Francine’s Aunt Karen in Dodge City, Kansas. Joel McNeely, Composer American Gods Conscience Of The King Despite his past following him to Lakeside, Shadow makes himself at home and builds relationships with the town’s residents. Laura and Salim continue to hunt for Wednesday, who attempts one final gambit to win over Demeter. Andrew Lockington, Composer Archer Best Friends Archer is head over heels for his new valet, Aleister. Will Archer do Aleister’s recommended rehabilitation exercises or just eat himself to death? JG Thirwell, Composer Away Go As the mission launches, Emma finds her mettle as commander tested by an onboard accident, a divided crew and a family emergency back on Earth.
    [Show full text]
  • Divisions of Labour: Rethinking Europe’S Migration Policy Divisions of Labour: Rethinking Europe’S Migration Policy
    migration_cover_091008:Mise en page 1 09/10/2008 13:02 Page 1 Divisions of labour: rethinking Europe’s migration policy policy migration Europe’s rethinking labour: of Divisions The European Union is confronted with major immigration challenges. There Divisions of labour: are mounting immigration pressures from poorer countries, Europe is falling behind in the global competition for talent and it also needs to sustain its humanitarian commitment to accommodate refugees. Further, there are major integration problems as the aspirations of second generation migrants rethinking Europe’s are often frustrated. Crucially, there is disagreement about what should be done and at what level – EU or national? migration policy This Bruegel Blueprint attempts to answer these controversial questions against the background of the European ‘pact on immigration’ set to be adopted under the 2008 French EU presidency. It recommends that the EU focus on high-skilled legal migration, irregular migration and humanitarian BY JAKOB VON WEIZSÄCKER migration while low-skilled legal immigration and integration policies should remain a national remit. Among several specific proposals is a strengthening of the EU ‘Blue Card’, a term originally coined by Bruegel and now a key part of the EU policy debate on how best to attract skilled migrants to Europe. Jakob von Weizsäcker is a research fellow at Bruegel. A migration policy specialist, he coined the term 'Blue Card' for a European scheme to attract SERIES BLUEPRINT BRUEGEL high-skilled immigrants. He joined Bruegel from the World Bank in Washington where he was Country Economist for Tajikistan. His research interests include immigration, social insurance, ageing and economic development.
    [Show full text]
  • Anuario IILA 2019
    ORGANIZZAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE ITALOLATINO AMERICANA Annuario Istituzionale ANUARIO INSTITUCIONAL 2019 ARGENTINA | BOLIVIA | BRASILE | CILE | COLOMBIA | COSTA RICA | CUBA | ECUADOR EL SALVADOR | GUATEMALA | HAITI | HONDURAS | ITALIA | MESSICO | NICARAGUA PANAMA | PARAGUAY | PERÙ | REPUBBLICA DOMINICANA | URUGUAY | VENEZUELA ORGANIZZAZIONE INTERNAZIONALE ITALOLATINO AMERICANA Annuario Istituzionale ANUARIO INSTITUCIONAL 2019 ARGENTINA | BOLIVIA | BRASIL | CHILE | COLOMBIA | COSTA RICA | CUBA | ECUADOR ARGENTINA | BOLIVIA | BRASILE | CILE | COLOMBIA | COSTA RICA | CUBA | ECUADOR EL SALVADOR | GUATEMALA | HAITÍ | HONDURAS | ITALIA | MÉXICO | NICARAGUA EL SALVADOR | GUATEMALA | HAITI | HONDURAS | ITALIA | MESSICO | NICARAGUA PANAMÁ | PARAGUAY | PERÚ | REPÚBLICA DOMINICANA | URUGUAY | VENEZUELA PANAMA | PARAGUAY | PERÙ | REPUBBLICA DOMINICANA | URUGUAY | VENEZUELA INDICE ÍNDICE LA III FESTA DELL’IILA | LA III FIESTA DE LA IILA 4 UN ANNO DI INTENSA ATTIVITÀ ITALO-LATINOAMERICANA | 73 UN AÑO DE INTENSA ACTIVIDAD ÍTALO-LATINOAMERICANA Il Presidente del Consiglio dei Ministri Giuseppe Conte, alla III Festa dell’IILA, 11 dicembre 2019 Discorso di Roberto Melgarejo Le attività istituzionali dell’IILA Presidente dell’IILA e Ambasciatore del Paraguay 8 I La Segreteria Generale 74 Discorso di Donato Di Santo Donato Di Santo, Segretario Generale Segretario Generale dell’IILA 13 I Le Segreterie Tematiche Discorso di Giuseppe Conte Rosa Jijón, Segretaria Culturale 82 Presidente del Consiglio 22 Florencia Paoloni, Segretaria Tecnico-Scientifica 88 Sarah Cordero Pinchansky, Segretaria Socio-Economica 94 La Direzione Esecutiva 97 INTRODUZIONE | INTRODUCCIÓN 31 I Gianandrea Rossi, Direttore Esecutivo L’IILA E LA FARNESINA | LA IILA Y LA FARNESINA 33 Le attività di Cooperazione (progetti italiani ed europei), la Biblioteca e l’Archivio storico I Foro italo-latinoamericano delle PMI, José Luis Rhi-Sausi 103 Interventi istituzionali per l’Annuario 2019 I Il Programma EL PAcCTO (progetto europeo), Giovanni Tartaglia Polcini 107 On.
    [Show full text]
  • Brahmanical Patriarchy and Voices from Below: Ambedkar's Characterization of Women's Emancipation
    Open Political Science, 2020; 3: 175–182 Research Article Harsha Senanayake*, Samarth Trigunayat Brahmanical Patriarchy and Voices from Below: Ambedkar‘s Characterization of Women’s Emancipation https://doi.org/10.1515/openps-2020-0014 received May 8, 2020; accepted June 2, 2020. Abstract: Western feminism created a revolution on the international stage urging the world to look at things through the perspective of women who were historically suppressed because of their gender, yet in many instances, it failed to address the issue of women in the Indian subcontinent because of the existence of social hierarchies that are alien concepts to the western world. As a result, the impact of western feminist thinkers was limited to only the elites in the Indian subcontinent. The idea of social hierarchy is infamously unique to the South Asian context and hence, in the view of the authors, this evil has to be fought through homegrown approaches which have to address these double disadvantages that women suffer in this part of the world. While many have tried to characterize Ambedkar’s political and social philosophy into one of the ideological labels, his philosophy was essentially ‘a persistent attempt to think things through’. It becomes important here to understand what made Ambedkar different from others; what was his social condition and his status in a hierarchal Hindu Society. As a matter of his epistemology, his research and contribution did not merely stem from any particular compartmentalized consideration of politics or society, rather it encompassed the contemporary socio-political reality taking into consideration other intersectionalities like gender and caste.
    [Show full text]
  • The Rise of Jihadist Propaganda on Social Networks Adam
    Rise of Jihadist Propaganda 1 The Rise of Jihadist Propaganda on Social Networks Adam Badawy, Emilio Ferrara* University of Southern California, Information Sciences Institute *Corresponding author: [email protected] Using a dataset of over 1.9 million messages posted on Twitter by about 25,000 ISIS members, we explore how ISIS makes use of social media to spread its propaganda and to recruit militants from the Arab world and across the globe. By distinguishing between violence-driven, theological, and sectarian content, we trace the connection between online rhetoric and key events on the ground. To the best of our knowledge, ours is one of the first studies to focus on Arabic content, while most literature focuses on English content. Our findings yield new important insights about how social media is used by radical militant groups to target the Arab-speaking world, and reveal important patterns in their propaganda efforts. Keywords: Computational Social Science, Social Media, Twitter, ISIS, Islamic Radicalization. Rise of Jihadist Propaganda 2 The Rise of Jihadist Propaganda on Social Networks Introduction Militant groups have long used traditional media and the Internet to disseminate information, spread their propaganda, and recruit potential militants (Cohen-Almagor, R. 2012). But no group to date has been as savvy in terms of its propaganda campaign and recruiting terrorists via the Internet, and specifically via social media platforms, as the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) (Shane & Hubbard, 2014). ISIS used a panoply of platforms, such as: Facebook, Instagram, Tumbler, Ask.fm, and most prominently, Twitter to spread its message (Bodine-Baron et al 2016).
    [Show full text]
  • Islam in Europe
    The Way, 41.2 (2001), 122-135. www.theway.org.uk 122 Islam in Europe Anthony O'Mahony SLAM PRESENTS TWO DISTINCT FACES to Europe, the one a threat, the I other that of an itinerant culture. However viewed, the history of the relationship between Islam and Europe is problematic and is likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. The relationship between Christians and Muslims over the centuries has been long and tortuous. Geographically the origins of the two communities are not so far apart - Bethlehem and Jerusalem are only some eight hundred miles from Mecca. But as the two communities have grown and become universal rather than local, the relationship between them has changed - sometimes downright enmity, sometimes rivalry and competition, sometimes co-operation and collaboration. Different regions of the world in different centuries have therefore witnessed a whole range of encounters between Christians and Muslims. The historical study of the relationship is still in its begin- nings. It cannot be otherwise, since Islamic history, as well as the history of those Christian communities that have been in contact with Islam, is still being written. Obviously Christian-Muslim relations do not exist in a vacuum. The two worlds have known violent confrontation: Muslim conquests of Christian parts of the world; the Crusades still vividly remembered today; the expansion of the Turkish Ottoman Empire; the Armenian massacres and genocide; European colonialism of the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries; the rise of Christian missions; the continuing difficult situations in which Christians find themselves in dominant Muslim societies, such as Sudan, Indonesia, Pakistan.
    [Show full text]
  • 20202605 ENG Programme for Participants FINAL
    Version – 26 May 2020 INTERNATIONAL DONORS CONFERENCE IN SOLIDARITY WITH VENEZUELAN REFUGEES AND MIGRANTS IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE REGION AMID COVID-19 VIDEOCONFERENCE PROGRAMME 26th MAY 2020 (Subjected to minor changes upon technical issues) Link to streaming in Youtube https://youtu.be/SSzGpNaazoo Contact numbers (+34) 661 664 152 (Spanishl) (+34) 676 181 797 (Spanish and English) (+34) 687 294 878 (Spanish and English) (+34) 657 494 199 (Spanish and English) Contact e-mail To: [email protected] CC: [email protected] Connexion 14:00-15:45 Delegations connect and test their links to the videoconference 15:45 All delegations should be connected to the videoconference room. Welcome 16:00 Minister for Foreign Affairs, European Union and Cooperation of the Kingdom of Spain, Arancha González Laya. (3 mins) 16:03 High Representative and Vice-President of the European Commission, Josep Borrell. (3 mins) 16:06 Welcome by the Secretary-General of the United Nations, António Guterres (video) 16:08 UN High Commissioner for Refugees, Filippo Grandi. 16:11 Director-General of the International Organization for Migration, Antonio Vitorino. 1 Version – 26 May 2020 16:14 Update from the RMRP by Eduardo Stein, Special Joint Representative IOM/UNHCR for the Venezuelan refugees and migrants. HOST COUNTRIES • 3 minutes interventions • Order of intervention: By protocol ranK and if ranK is equal then by number of Venezuelan refugees and migrants hosted in the country. 16:17 Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Colombia, Claudia Blum. 16:20 Minister for Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Peru, Gustavo Meza-Cuadra.
    [Show full text]