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Bike Sharing – Nový Fenomén V Cyklodopravě

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Bike Sharing – Nový Fenomén V Cyklodopravě ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE FAKULTA DOPRAVNÍ Bc. Jan Včala, DiS Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Diplomová práce 2015 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Prohlášení Prohlašuji, že jsem předloženou práci vypracoval samostatně a že jsem uvedl veškeré použité informační zdroje v souladu s Metodickým pokynem o etické přípravě vysokoškolských závěrečných prací. Nemám závažný důvod proti užívání tohoto školního díla ve smyslu § 60 Zákona č. 121/2000 Sb., o právu autorském, o právech souvisejících s právem autorským a o změně některých zákonů (autorský zákon). V Praze dne 25. května 2015 ………………………. podpis 3 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Poděkování Zde bych rád poděkoval všem, kteří mi byli nápomocni během zpracovávání této práce. Obzvláště děkuji Ing. Tichému, Ph.D. za odborné vedení a za rady, které mi poskytoval nejen během psaní této DP, ale po celou dobu mého studia. Rovněž bych chtěl poděkovat pracovníkům systému HOMEPORT a projektu Rekola za poskytnutí mnoha důležitých informací a materiálů, bez nichž by vznik této práce nebyl možný. V neposlední řadě bych pak chtěl vyjádřit své nejhlubší díky mé rodině, přátelům a známým za trpělivost a podporu, které se mi dostávalo po celou dobu studia. 4 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě ABSTRAKT Název práce: Bike sharing - nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Autor: Bc. Jan Včala, DiS. Ústav: Ústav logistiky a managementu dopravy (K617) Vedoucí práce: Ing. Jan Tichý, Ph.D. Rok: 2015 Předmětem této práce je provést rozbor a analýzu několika největších a nejúspěšnějších systémů sdílení kol z celého světa, společně se stanovením potenciálu pro budoucí rozvoj cyklodopravy na území hlavního města Prahy, a na základě těchto dat navrhnout a ekonomicky zhodnotit vlastní veřejný systém sdílení jízdních kol v ČR. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA Bike sharing, sdílení kol, cyklistika, Praha, jízdní kolo, bicykl, udržitelná doprava ABSTRACT Title: Bike-sharing - The New Phenomenon in Cycling Author: Bc. Jan Včala, DiS. Department: Department of Logistics and Transport Management (K617) Supervisor: Ing. Jan Tichý, Ph.D. Year: 2015 The subject of this thesis is to analyze some of the biggest and most successful bike sharing systems in the world, alongside with the potential for the future development of transport cycling in the capital city of Prague, and to design and economically assess (on the basis of these data) own public bike sharing system in the Czech Republic. KEY WORDS Bike-sharing, Cycling, Prague, Bicycle, sustainable transport 5 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Obsah Obsah .......................................................................................................................................... 6 Seznam použitých zkratek ........................................................................................................ 8 1 Úvod do problematiky .................................................................................................... 9 2 Vývoj cyklodopravy a bike sharingu ........................................................................... 11 2.1 Vývoj cyklistiky a cyklodopravy .................................................................................... 11 2.1.1 Vznik a vývoj bicyklu ............................................................................................. 11 2.1.2 Postavení jízdních kol v moderní společnosti ....................................................... 14 2.2 Vznik a vývoj bike sharingu ......................................................................................... 15 2.2.1 Vývojové fáze bike sharingu ................................................................................. 16 3 Bike sharing ve světě ................................................................................................... 20 3.1 Evropa .......................................................................................................................... 26 3.1.1 Francie .................................................................................................................. 26 3.1.2 Velká Británie ........................................................................................................ 30 3.1.3 Španělsko ............................................................................................................. 32 3.1.4 Německo ............................................................................................................... 35 3.2 Asie + Oceánie ............................................................................................................ 38 3.2.1 Čína....................................................................................................................... 38 3.3 Severní Amerika .......................................................................................................... 40 3.3.1 USA ....................................................................................................................... 41 3.4 Jižní Amerika ............................................................................................................... 43 3.4.1 Brazílie .................................................................................................................. 43 3.5 Afrika + Střední východ ................................................................................................ 44 3.5.1 Izrael ..................................................................................................................... 44 4 Cyklodoprava a bike sharing v ČR .............................................................................. 46 4.1 Rozvoj cyklodopravy v ČR ........................................................................................... 47 4.1.1 Cyklodoprava v Praze ........................................................................................... 50 4.2 BSS na území ČR ....................................................................................................... 54 4.2.1 Rekola ................................................................................................................... 54 4.2.2 Homeport .............................................................................................................. 62 4.2.3 Ostatní .................................................................................................................. 64 6 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě 5 Návrh systému sdílení kol v ČR a jeho ekonomické posouzení .............................. 67 5.1 Obecná charakteristika projektu .................................................................................. 68 5.2 Vlastní návrh systému ................................................................................................. 69 5.2.1 Stanice .................................................................................................................. 70 5.2.2 Jízdní kola ............................................................................................................. 80 5.2.3 Software ................................................................................................................ 82 5.3 Ekonomické posouzení BSS ....................................................................................... 85 5.3.1 Náklady ................................................................................................................. 86 5.3.2 Výnosy .................................................................................................................. 95 5.3.3 Celkové vyhodnocení investice .......................................................................... 103 6 Závěr ............................................................................................................................. 107 Použité zdroje ........................................................................................................................ 109 Seznam obrázků .................................................................................................................... 115 Seznam tabulek ..................................................................................................................... 117 Seznam příloh ........................................................................................................................ 118 7 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě Seznam použitých zkratek B+R Bike & Ride BSS Bike Sharing System Systém sdílení kol CPU Central Processing Unit Centrální procesorová jednotka ČD České Dráhy ČS Česká spořitelna DB Deutsche Bahn IAD Individuální automobilová doprava IRR Internal Rate of Return Vnitřní výnosové procento MFF Mezinárodní filmový festival NPV Net Present Value Čistá současná hodnota PP Payback Period Doba návratnosti RFID Radio Frequency Identification Identifikace pomocí rádiové frekvence ROI Return on Investment Návratnost Investic SFDI Státní fond dopravní infrastruktury SW Software 8 ČESKÉ VYSOKÉ UČENÍ TECHNICKÉ V PRAZE Bike sharing – nový fenomén v cyklodopravě 1 Úvod do problematiky Mobilita je jednou ze základních lidských potřeb, jež se postupem času stala rovněž velice důležitým faktorem z hlediska ekonomického rozvoje a blahobytu daného regionu. Avšak v moderní společnosti se pojem „mobilita“ stává pro obyvatele řady velkých měst doslova
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