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The author(s) shown below used Federal funds provided by the U.S. Department of Justice and prepared the following final report: Document Title: Impact of the Opportunity to Succeed (OPTS) Aftercare Program for Substance-Abusing Felons: Comprehensive Final Report Author(s): Shelli Rossman ; Sanjeev Sridharan ; Caterina Gouvis ; Janeen Buck ; Elaine Morley Document No.: 181046 Date Received: 03/22/2000 Award Number: 94-IJ-CX-0010 This report has not been published by the U.S. Department of Justice. To provide better customer service, NCJRS has made this Federally- funded grant final report available electronically in addition to traditional paper copies. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. m E OPPORTUNITY TO S) AFTERCARE PROGRAM I, CE-ABUSING FELONS: IVE FINAL REPORT I I a The Urban Institute 2100 M Street, N.W. Washington, DC 20037 June 7,1999 Shelli Rossman Sanjeev Sridharan Caterina Gouvis 0 Janeen Buck This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Acknowledgments The authors would like to thank the many people who contributed to this evaluation. In particular, we wish to acknowledge the contributions and assistance of the program directors and staff members of the OPTS demonstration programs in Kansas City, MO, St. Louis, MO, and Tampa, FL, whose efforts -- from service delivery through program-related data collection -- form the foundation without which this evaluation would not be possible. While it is impossible to name the many staff at OPTS programs who have helped in this research, we wish to acknowledge the special contributions made by Kay Doughty of DACCO in Tampa; Nancy McCarthy of Missouri Department of Corrections, St. Louis office; and Preston Washington of NCADD in Kansas City. We are grateful for the continuing support and guidance of the National Institute of Justice, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, and The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse at Columbia University. We particularly wish to thank Mary Nakashian and CASA’s field staff for their support and insights. We extend our thanks to the field coordinators and field interviewers, whose dedication to conducting baseline and follow-up interviews was critical to the evaluation efforts. We also thank the OPTS clients who responded to requests for interviews; their contribution to the research was invaluable. a Aside from the project team, many individuals at The Urban Institute, BOTEC Analysis Corporation, and CASA shared their insights with respect to the OPTS program and its e\.aluation. We thank Blaine Liner, director of the State Policy Center, and Adele Harrell, director of the Law and Behavior Program, for supporting this project from start to final report. We appreciate the assistance of Miriam Jorgensen of BOTEC in conceptualizing program costs and benefits. Tracy Walsh deserves our thanks for her suggestions on survey layout and field trairiin_g.We also thank Heid.i Donaldson, Eileen Curley, and Robyne Fisher for their assistance \\.it11 data preparation, and Alexa Hirst, Jonathan Roman, and Christian Kreis for their data analysis efforts. David Williams and Dionne Davis are thanked for providing production assistance. This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. TABLE OF CONTENTS ExecutiveSummary ............................................................ 1 Overview .............................................................. 1 KeyFindings ........................................................... 3 Chapter I: Introduction ...................................................... 1-1 Chapter 2: The Opportunity to Succeed Model ................................... 2-1 8, The Program Rationale: Community-Based Aftercare for Substance-Abusing Felons . 2- 1 Risk-Focused Intervention: Comprehensive Services .......................... 2-2 Services Integration and the Role of Case Management ........................ 2-5 Supervision and Monitoring ............................................. 2-8 Cliupter 3: The Evaluation Design and Methods .................................. 3-1 Participating Programs .................................................. 3-2 Eligibility for the OPTS Study ............................................ 3-4 Time Served on Felony Convictions in a Federal or State Prison. or County Jail ..................................................... 3-4 Substance Abuse Involvement and Pre-Release Treatment ................ 3-5 Exclusion of Violent Offenders ..................................... 3-5 Mandatory Probation/Parole Requirements ............................ 3-6 Returning to Designated Neighborhoods .............................. 3-6 Recruitment Procedures ................................................. 3-6 Data Sources ......................................................... 3-7 Baseline and Follow-Up Surveys .................................... 3-8 Official Criminal Justice Records .................................. 3-11 OPTS MIS .................................................... 3-14 Data Collection ...................................................... 3-14 Data Analysis ........................................................ 3-17 The OPTS Sample .................................................... 3-20 Chapter 4: OPTS Program Operations .......................................... 4-1 The Primary Partnerships: Lead SenriceAgencies and Community-Based CorrecrjonsOffices .................................................... 4-1 Case Management ..................................................... 4-3 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice. Service Planning ................................................ 4-4 Service Provision ................................................ 4-5 Linchpin or Brokering Activities ................................... 4-6 Advocacy or Interventive Activities ................................. 4-9 Therapeutic Services Provided Directly by the Lead Agency ............. 4-10 Other Direct Service Provision .................................... 4-11 Coreservices ....*................................................... 4-12 Substance Abuse Treatment ....................................... 4-13 Employment Services ........................................ ' ... 4-17 Housing SCrvices ............................................... 4-22 Family Strengthening and Skills Building ............................ 4-24 .I, Medical and Mental Health Service ................................. 4-28 Services Summary .............................................. 4-28 Monitoring and Supervision ................' ............................ 4-3F Client Contact ................................................. 4-31 Case Managers' Contact With Service Providers and Probation Officers .... 4-37 Urinalysis Testing .............................................. 4-39 Sanctions and Incentives ..................................... : ... 4-42 Client Satisfaction .......................................... .'I......... 4-44 Implementation Issues ................................................. 4-46 Implementation Lessons Learned ......................................... 4-52 CaseManagement .............................................. 4-53 Systems Integration: The OPTS Lead Agency and the Criminal Justice System ....................................................... 4-57 Service Network ................................................ 4-60 Chapter 5: The Effects of OPTS on Substance Abuse .............................. 5-1 Measures of Impact on Substance Abuse .................................... 5-4 Treatment and Control Group Changes Between Baseline and Follow-Up Measures .. 5-4 Differences Between Treatment and Control Groups for Substance Abuse Measures at Follow Up ................................................... 5-8 Summary ........................................................... 5-18 Chapter 6: The Effects of OPTS 011 Criminal Behaviors ............................ 6-1 Measures of Lmpact on Cnme ............................................ 6-1 Comparison of Key Crime Measures Between Baseline and Follow Up ........... 6-3 Differences Between Treatment and Control Groups for Criminal Activity at Follow Up .................................................................. 6-5 Monthly Criminal Behavior in the Years Before and After Incarceration .......... 6-11 Analysis of Official Records ............................................ 6-20 This document is a research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice. This report has not been published by the Department. Opinions or points of view expressed are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the official position or policies of the U.S. Department of Justice.

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