CENSUS OF INDIA 1971 ANDHRA PRADESH TOWN STUDY OF KAKINADA (East Godavari District) Draft V. V. NARASIMHA RAO, B. A., Statistical Assistallt Tabulation & Scrutiny Ch. PURNACHANDRA RAO, M.A.,LL.B. Tabulation Officer Supervision & Guidance A. R. JAYA PRAKASH, M.SC. D~puty Direc tor of Census Operations Editor T. VEDANTAM, l.A .S. DIRECTOR OF CENSUS OPERATIONS ANDHRA PRAESDH 2 3 4 Mahbubnagar 14 Alampur Primary Activities town (An old (Class IV) historic town whieh abounds in antiquities of Chalukyas.) Medak 15 Siddipet Industry-cum-Trade and Commerce (Class III) town. j Nizamabad 16 Bodhan Primary Activities-eum-Industries town (Class III) (Biggest sugar fac!ory in the country and second biggest in South-East Asia is located here). Karimnagar 17 Manthani Primary Activities :own. An old his­ (Class TV) toric town and ancient seat of learn­ ing. Khammam t 8 Bhadrachalam Serviccs-cum-Industry-cum-Trade and (Class IV) Commerce town: Selected as a (em pIe town; prominent seat of Lord Rama of Ramayana epic fame having country wid·~ import:mce, is located here. 19 Kothagudem Primary Activities. A coal mini!1f; (Class II) town. Nalgonda 20 Bhongir Primary Activities-cum-Trade and (Class III) Commer~-cum-Services town. Sel­ ected as a town in the area ofinflaence of a Metropolis (Hyderabad city); also an old historic town . • It was proposed to bring out a combined volume on Chirala and Vetapalem towns. CENSUS OF INDIA 1971-VOLUME TI-PART VI B LIST,pF SPECIAL SURVEY MONOGRAPHS ON SELECTED TOWNS . ANDHRA PRADESH Distric( SI. Name of tOWil Functional Category and Purpose No. and Size Class of Selection 2 3 4 Visakhapatnam Am:kapalle Trade and Commerce town (Noted for (Class II) Jaggery trade) East Godavari 2 Kakinada Services-cum-Industry-cum-Trade and (Clas, I) Commerce town (Educational Centre) -Selected as an Administrative town. West Godavari 3 Kovvur Primary Activities-cum-Industries town (Class III) (Agro-Industrial town) 4 Tanuku Primary Activities-cum-Industry-cum­ (Class III) Serviccs town (Agro-Industrial town) Guntur 5 Amaravathi An Old Historic village-Once a (Population great Buddhist Centre. 6,258). 6 Ponnur Primary ;v::tivit:cs town-Selected as (Class III) a residencial-cum-cduc,"tional town. Prakasam 7 "Chirai:::. Town Wi~l, manufacturing in House­ (Gngal;:;) (Cl::ss II) hold Industry (Hand loom Weaving) 8 Markapur Ind.lstrial M,illufaclUring town (Noted (Cl<:5s III) fa, slate industry) Nellore 9 Venkataglri Town with manufacturing in House­ (Class IV) hold Industry (Handloom sarees) Chittoor 10 Timpati Services-cum-Trade I These two towns (Class II) & and Commerce I viz., Tirupati 11 Tirumalai Town. Trade and and Tirumala (Class IV) Commerce Town. Jare selected as Temple Towns and pilgrimage .. centn~s of coim­ try wide fame. Cuddapah 12 Cuddapah Trade and Commerce-cum-Services­ (Class II) cum-Industries town. Selected as an Administrative town. 13 G·'·l'".k~l Transport-cum-Primary Activities-cum­ (C .•. ss H) Tn:~llS'";e~ town-Selected as a Trans­ !,ort town. IB~ 00' ANDHRA PRADESH CENSUS 1971. TOWN STUDIES LOCA TION OF TOWNS SELECTED "co' I II" ,I ,6 SA Y OF BENCAL SELECTED TOWNS @ DISTRICT HEADQUARTER TALUK HEADQUARTfR STATE BOUNDARY DISTRICT BOUNDARY TAlUK BOUNDARY RAILWAY BROAD GAUGE --<- RAILWAY METRE GAUGE NATIONAL HIGHWAYS STATE HIGHWAYS NDlt Onlole (I'ltnd lui he~~ r~nim~ I!. Puuum D,nrlct III 1m. Mrlor~ ~te hi ~~ renamed :as tc.UnltaQ in '973. TtlQMgfI Am~rl~~tni It no' dOldareol " Ur~" aru lt tbe "'I and 1911 Ce1Iu.el. It W4\ le'.o.ed for ~I~d) in ~Iew ,,' u IrPporunce.. 1971 _CENSUS PUBLICATIONS, ANDHRA PRADESH (All tile Census Publications of tbis State will bear Series 2) Part: I-A General Report. Part I-Bj Detailed Analysis of the Demographic, Sdcial, Cultural and Migration Patterns. PartI-C Subsidiary Tables. Part II-Ai General Population Tables. Part II-B Economic Tables. Part II-C(i) Distribution of Population, Mother Tongue and Religion, Scheduled Castes & Scheduled Tribes. Part II-C(ii) Other Social and Culturtl.l Tables and Fertility Tables­ Tables on Household composition, single year age, marital status, educational levels, Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes, etc., Bilingualism. Partlll Establishments Report and Tables. Part IV Housing Report and Tables. PartV Special Tables and Ethnographic notes on Scheduled castes and Scheduled Tribes. Part VI-A Town Directory. Part VI-B Special Survey Reports on Selected Towns (20). Part VI-C Survey Reports on Selected Villages (5). Part VII Special Report on Graduates and Technical Personnel (All India Publication). Part VIII-A Administration Report-Enumeration }FOr OHice only. Part vrrf-B Administration Report-Tabulation ' Part IX Census Atlas. Part IX-A Administrative Atlas. District Census Hand Boolts Part X-A Town and Village Directory I One volume for each ~district (21 Volums) Part X-B Village and Townwise Primary J Census Abstract. Part X-C Analytical Report, D~partmentall Separate Volume fee Statistics and District Census ~each District (21 Tables. J Volumes) FOREWORD Modern Census has become an indispensable instrument of policy and development planning. It needs hardly be stressed that a Census is not mere counting of heads. It is a kind of stock-taking as it were, of the nation's human wealth. Census aims to present a complete picture of man, in his social, cul­ tural and eCOllOlijic setting. Recognising its role of having to serve the needs of the planner, policy maker, administrator and the academician, the Census Organisation from time to time arranges discussions with the main data users and seeks guidance in planning its operations. However, for a further and more realistic appreciation of the data thrown up by the Census on various aspects of the life of the community, it has been realised that mQre and more empirical studies would require to be under­ taken in order to "invest the dry bones of statistics with flesh and blood accounts of ',social structure and social change". This requirement was kept in view even while planning the 1961 Census. The studies undertaken as ancillary to it and particularly· the socio-economic survey of five hundred and odd vill­ ages throughout the country provided an insight into the meaning of the statistical data in terms of real life situatio1)s. India is, no doubt, predominantly rural. But it will not be long before the country achieves a break through in the process of urbanisation. With the in­ creasing tempo of economic and industrial develop­ ment of the country, large scale urbanisation is bound to come. Urbanisation has become sine qua non of progress. Urban centres are undoubtedly the cen­ tres of dissemination of knowledge, new ideas, techni­ cal skills and so on. This influences the life around (ii) till more and more areas 'get urbanised. India is at this interesting transitional stage and the Census Or­ ganisation thought it fit to undertake studies to get a deeper insight into the growth of small towns which are likely to play an important role in the life arid economy of the community in the near future. The 1971 Census has programmed to compile a separate Town Directory giving certain basic data pertaining to each town in the country. This is proposed to be supplemented by fairly detailed accounts of about 200 towns selected for study all over the country which may help to understand the intensity and direction of the socio-economic forces generated by urbanisation as also affecting the process of urbanisation and its im­ pact on the rural neighbourhood. There is also a special operational need of the Census, which requires urban studies to be taken up. There is a point of view in some countries that the presentation of the Census data in terms of rural-urban dichotomy is unrealistic. There are, on the one hand, rural areas with urban ways of life; on the other. there are pockets in Urban areas with folk ways and rural vestiges. Perhaps in India there is still some clear cut distinction between the rural and urban areas which is, however, gradually eroding. The proposed studies are expected to indicate how much rural the urban areas are and how much urban the rural areas are. In December 1967, a seminar was organised to examine the different aspects of urban studies. with the participation of a galaxy of town planners, Anthro­ pologists, Sociologists, Geographers, Economists, De­ mographers. etc. On the suggestion of the seminar an Advisory Committee was set up and in consulta-' tion with the same, the following criteria for selection of towns fOT special studies were laid down. (iii) SIZE: While the larger proportion of the towns Stected for special studies should be small towns of t· e' population size of about 20.000 or less, a number o medium size towns, with population of upto one 1 h each and a number of cities with population 9f IDnre than one lakh each, sh<l>uld also be studied. DElvlOGRAPHIC FEATURES: While selecting the towns the following demographic features also sho­ uld-be kept in view. (a) Growth Rate: Towns with (i) high growth rate, (ii) low growth rate and (iii) negative growth rate. (b) Density of Population: Towns with (i) high density of population, (ii) medium density of population and (iii) low density of popula­ tion. (c) Age: (i) Old historical towns which are still growing, (ii) Old declining towns and (iii) new towns, should be represented. FUNCTIONAL TYPES: The sample should in­ clude towns representing each of the functional types as follows: (a) Service, (b) Mining or Plantation, (c) Craft (traditional), (d) Manufacturing (non-traditional), (e) Construction, (f) Trade and Commerce, (g) Trans­ port LOCATION: The following Iocational factors are also to be kept in view while selecting the towns.