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Palm Evaluation Study at the Mountain Research and Education Center, Blairsville, GA
Palm Evaluation Study at the Mountain Research and Education Center, Blairsville, GA Gary L. Wade Department of Horticulture – Athens University of Georgia Most people associate palms with Florida and tropical islands and can not imagine them growing in Blairsville, Georgia, hardiness zone 6b. It’s unlikely we ever will be able to grow Miami’s Coconut Palms or Orlando’s Queen Palms in Georgia, but there are a number of species known to survive sub-freezing temperatures with little or no damage, thereby making them possible candidates for landscapes throughout Georgia as well as states to the north. Several of these palms are the basis for this study, which is being done in cooperation with the Southeastern Palm Society. Four replicates of eight palm species or cultivars were planted at the Mountain Research and Education Center on June 17, 2005. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the cold hardiness and adaptability of these palms to hardiness zone 6b. Growth measurements and winter injury will be documented over a 5-year period. Palms are reportedly most sensitive to cold injury while they are getting established, and they show increased cold hardiness as they mature. Therefore, winter protection will be provided during the first winter after planting. This will be accomplished by placing a hog-wire hoop over each plant and adding dry pine straw to a depth to cover the center spear (the most cold sensitive part of a palm). A few of the uppermost leaves will be left uncovered so that some photosynthesis can occur. The top and sides of the wire hoop will be covered with 3-mil clear plastic to shield the plants from cold winter winds. -
Care Sheet for Sabal Minor Or “Dwarf Palmetto” in Virginia Landscapes Fact and Care Sheet for Virginia Gardens
Care Sheet for Sabal minor or “Dwarf Palmetto” in Virginia Landscapes Fact and Care Sheet for Virginia Gardens John A. Saia, President, The Virginia Palm Society Joseph W. Seamone, Maryland horticulturist, McFall & Berry Landscape Management, Brookeville, MD Susanne E. Zilberfarb, Virginia Cooperative Extension Master Gardener, Fairfax County, VA Reviewed by Holly Scoggins, Associate Professor, Department of Horticulture, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA Introduction Native to the Southern United States, the Sabal minor or Dwarf Palmetto is a smaller and much shorter cousin to the familiar Sabal palmetto that lines the streets and palisades of cities in the Deep South, where the fronds were once cut to make ladies’ hand fans. Part of the Dwarf Palmetto’s native range includes the extreme southeastern portion of Virginia. As a result, S. minor is one of the most cold-hardy palms that can be grown in the Commonwealth of Virginia. S. minor features evergreen, deep blue-green fanlike fronds of one to three feet in length, depending on the age of the plant. A shrubby, clumping palm, it may form short trunks of one to three feet after many years of growth. At maturity,S. minor can range from six to eight feet tall and wide. Many specimens have endured Zone 7 and lower winter temperatures and being covered in thick ice and deep snow with little or no damage. Given the proper conditions and period of establishment, S. minor should be hardy throughout all Virginia zones. (See Resources, below, to determine your USDA Zone.) 2013 Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University HORT-60NP Virginia Cooperative Extension programs and employment are open to all, regardless of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, genetic information, marital, family or veteran status, or any other basis protected by law. -
Firewise Plant List - Texas
Firewise Plant List - Texas This list was created as a reference and an aid in publishing other list. For that reason many features of a typical list such as flower color and growth rate or final size have been omitted since some characteristics vary greatly over the range that this list is intended to cover. The only two characteristics on this list are for the general form. In the form, "wildflower" is used for almost any plant that is not obviously a tree, woody shrub, groundcover, or vine (even in that regard, many list will disagree with others). Wildflowers include both annuals and perinials This column is not intended as a reference, just to aid in finding and grouping plants. For the most part, varieties were not separated. Disclaimer: 1)There is no such thing as a fire-proof plant. 2)The properties pertaining to plants on this list were compiled from multiple resources regarding the flammability, thermal output, individual observations, and other characteristics. Latin Name Species Common Name Secondary Common Name Plant Plant Form -Firewise Flamibility Crinum americanum swamp lily seven sisters Aquatic Low Pontederia cordata Pickerelweed Aquatic Low Equisetum hyemale horsetail (contained) scouringrush horsetail Aquatic Low Nymphaea odorata white water lily American white waterlily Aquatic Low Nymphoides aquatica Floating Heart banana lilly Aquatic Low Sagittaria sp. arrowhead Aquatic Low Saururus cernuus lizard's tail Aquatic Low Thalia dealbata Powdery Thalia powdery alligator-flag Aquatic Low Andropogon gerardi big bluestem -
Northern Yellow Bat Roost Selection and Fidelity in South Carolina
Final Report South Carolina State Wildlife Grant SC T-F16AF00598 South Carolina Department of Natural Resources (SCDNR) May 1, 2016-June 30, 2017 Project Title: Northern Yellow Bat Roost Selection and Fidelity in South Carolina Mary Socci, Palmetto Bluff Conservancy (PBC), Jay Walea, PBC, Timothy White, PBC, Jason Robinson, Biological Systems Consultants, Inc., and Jennifer Kindel, SCDNR Objective 1: Radio-track healthy Northern yellow bats (≤ 10) captured by mist netting appropriate habitat in spring, summer, and fall 2016, ideally with at least 3 radio-tracking events in each season. Record roost switching, and describe roost sites selected. Accomplishments: Introduction: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the roost site selection and fidelity of northern yellow bats (Lasiurus intermedius, syn. Dasypterus intermedius) by capturing, radio- tagging and tracking individual L. intermedius at Palmetto Bluff, a 15,000 acre, partially-developed tract in Beaufort County, South Carolina (Figures 1 and 2). Other objectives (2 and 3) were to obtain audio recordings of bats foraging in various habitats across the Palmetto Bluff property, including as many L. intermedius as possible and to initiate a public outreach program in order to educate the community on both the project and the environmental needs of bats, many of which are swiftly declining species in United States. Figure 1. Location of Palmetto Bluff 1 Figure 2. The Palmetto Bluff Development Tract The life history of northern yellow bats, a high-priority species in the Southeast, is poorly understood. Studies in coastal Georgia found that all yellow bats that were tracked roosted in Spanish moss in southern live oaks (Quercus virginiana) and sand live oaks (Quercus geminata) (Coleman et al. -
Sabal Minor (Arecaceae): a New Northern Record of Palms in Eastern North America
CASTANEA 71(2): 172–177. JUNE 2006 Sabal minor (Arecaceae): a New Northern Record of Palms in Eastern North America ERIN A. TRIPP and KYLE G. DEXTER* Duke University, Department of Biology, Science Drive, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0338 ABSTRACT We report a new Sabal minor county record for North Carolina that represents the furthest known northern population of the largely tropical family Arecaceae in eastern North America. We give a brief introduction to Sabal and explain why this S. minor population may represent a northward range expan- sion in response to climate warming in northeast North Carolina. Finally, we discuss the usefulness of both historical herbarium specimens and modern day botanical collections to research on climate change and plant population responses. INTRODUCTION The genus Sabal Adans. (Arecaceae) comprises 16 species distributed along the coastal plains of the southeastern United States, eastern and western mainland Mexico, northwestern South America, and a number of Caribbean islands (Zona 1990). Sabal minor (Jacq.) Pers., known commonly as the dwarf or swamp palmetto, is native to the southeastern United States (North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, Oklahoma, and Texas). A disjunct population was discovered by Goldman (1999) in the Sierra Madre Oriental, west of Linares in Nuevo Leo´n, Mexico. It is the southernmost population of this species and likely represents a previously undiscovered or unrecognized population (Goldman 1999; D. Goldman, pers. comm.). Other extant Sabal species native to the continental United States include S. etonia Swingle ex Nash (Florida), S. mexicana Mart. (Texas and Louisiana), and S. palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. -
Gardening "Palm Trees Shivering in A
74 PRINCIPES [Vor 4l Priwipes,4I(2), 1997, pp. 74*83 "PalmTrees Shivering in a Surrey Shrubbery"-A Historyof Subtropical Gardening JIn,tRuvt{ot-ns Vandwen Botanical GardenAssociation, 5251 Oak Street, Varcouuer, British Columbia, Canad,a From the earliest times, gardenershave been dition was the Historia Naturalis Palmarurn, preoccupiedwith cultivating exotic plants in alien which took him from lB23 to lB53 to complete climates (Huxley I97B). Henry VIII's gardener and which is described by Prof. Comer as "the successfullygrew fruit such as figs, peaches,and most magnificenttreatment of palms that has been apricots againstthe warm, south-facingbrick walls produced" (Corner 1966). The half-hardy palms at royal palaces. Not much later, Sir Francis Brahea and, Trithrinax were included. The year Carewwas growingorange trees outdoorsin south- lB50 saw the publication of another great palm ern England. Extraordinarymeasures were needed book, Palms of British East Ind,ia by William Grif- to keep these delicate trees alive. In winter, fith (1810-1845). Other British palm pioneers of wooden huts were erected around them and they the 19th century included Alfred Wallace (1823- were heated with stoves when frosts threatened 1913), Henry Bates (1823-1892), and Richard (Rose l9B9). Howeverodespite these early begin- Spruce (lBI7-1893). A major contribution was "exotic" nings, the use of hardy palms and other made to the study of palms by the Italian botanist plants in the temperategarden really owesits ori- OdoardoBeccari (1843-1920) in the latter part of gins to eighteenth and nineteenth century Euro- the l9th century and early 20th century. pean botanical expeditions and to the Victorian In the l8th and l9th centuries,plant collectors voguefor botany and plant collecting. -
Habitat Relationships of Bat Species of Conservation Concern in Coastal South Carolina
Clemson University TigerPrints All Theses Theses August 2020 Habitat Relationships of Bat Species of Conservation Concern in Coastal South Carolina Kyle Edward Shute Clemson University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses Recommended Citation Shute, Kyle Edward, "Habitat Relationships of Bat Species of Conservation Concern in Coastal South Carolina" (2020). All Theses. 3374. https://tigerprints.clemson.edu/all_theses/3374 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses at TigerPrints. It has been accepted for inclusion in All Theses by an authorized administrator of TigerPrints. For more information, please contact [email protected]. HABITAT RELATIONSHIPS OF BAT SPEICIES OF CONSERVATION CONCERN IN COASTAL SOUTH CAROLINA A Thesis Presented to the Graduate School of Clemson University In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science Wildlife and Fisheries Biology by Kyle Shute August 2020 Accepted by: David S. Jachowski, Committee Chair Susan C. Loeb Catherine B. Jachowski ABSTRACT Loss of forest habitat used for roosting and nocturnal activity by bats is a conservation concern in the southeastern United States. The northern long-eared bat (Myotis septentrionalis), southeastern myotis (Myotis austroriparius), tri-colored bat (Perimyotis subflavus), and northern yellow bat (Lasiurus intermedius) all occur within the Coastal Plain of South Carolina, where their greatest conservation threat is loss of critical roosting and foraging habitats. However, little research has been conducted on these species of conservation concern in this region, leaving gaps in information about habitat associations that would inform conservation and management as forest loss continues due to logging, agriculture, urban development, and intense storm events. -
Sabal Palmetto (Cabbage Palm) Cabbage Palm Can Reach up to 20 M High
Sabal palmetto (Cabbage palm) Cabbage palm can reach up to 20 m high. It has a rough, fibrous trunk that is quite variable in shape, from straight and erect. This palm is topped with a very dense, round crown of deeply cut, curved, palmate leaves. The flowers are creamy white very showy that become green to black fruits during summer. It is a very salt tolerant palm and tolerates any light and soil condition. It could be used as a specimen, or as a street tree since it is tolernat to urban conditions. Landscape Information French Name: Palmetto nain Pronounciation: SAY-bull pahl-MET-oh Plant Type: Palm Origin: USA South Carolina, Florida Heat Zones: 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 Hardiness Zones: 8, 9, 10, 11 Uses: Specimen, Container, Wildlife, Street, Pollution Tolerant / Urban Size/Shape Growth Rate: Slow Tree Shape: oval Canopy Symmetry: Symmetrical Canopy Density: Open Canopy Texture: Coarse Height at Maturity: 8 to 15 m Spread at Maturity: 3 to 5 meters Plant Image Sabal palmetto (Cabbage palm) Botanical Description Foliage Leaf Arrangement: Spiral Leaf Venation: Palmate Leaf Persistance: Evergreen Leaf Type: Costapalmate Leaf Blade: Over 80 cm Leaf Shape: Star Leaf Margins: Entire Leaf Textures: Rough Leaf Scent: Unpleasant Flower Flower Showiness: True Flower Image Flower Scent: No Fragance Flower Color: White Seasons: Summer Trunk Trunk Has Crownshaft: False Trunk Susceptibility to Breakage: Suspected to breakage Number of Trunks: Single Trunk Fruit Fruit Showiness: False Fruit Size Range: 0 - 1.5 Fruit Colors: Black Seasons: Summer Sabal palmetto (Cabbage palm) Horticulture Management Tolerance Frost Tolerant: Yes Heat Tolerant: Yes Drought Tolerant: No Salt Tolerance: Good Requirements Soil Requirements: Clay, Loam, Sand Soil Ph Requirements: Acidic, Alkaline Water Requirements: Moderate Light Requirements: Full, Part Management Fruit Image Toxity: No Susceptibility to Pests and Diseases: Yes Mowing Height: 5 - 7 cm Surface Rooting: Yes Life Span: 25-50 years Edible Parts: Pests: Mites, Nematodes Plant Propagations: Cutting MORE IMAGES Bark Image Other Image. -
Landscaping in the Shade in Alachua County Fact Sheet # 66
UF/IFAS Extension Alachua County 2800 NE 39th Ave. Gainesville, FL 32609 Tel: (352)955-2402 Landscaping in the Shade in Alachua County Fact Sheet # 66 Clem, T; Wilber, W.; Caldwell, C.*; Hudson, A.*; and Rothrock, J.* Published Date: March 2010; Updated: April 2019 Alachua County is known for its beautiful tree Do you want the plants to fill an area or hide an canopy. However, finding the right plants to grow object? Check out how tall and wide a plant in constant deep shade can be a challenge. To help grows prior to planting. Generally, the taller solve this dilemma the local Master Gardeners plants should be in the rear of the planted area. have compiled a list of plants that, in their Shrubs growing in shady areas can get leggy, so observations, can thrive in shade in Alachua position carefully. County. When planting under trees that lose their The plants listed are easy to grow, noninvasive, and leaves, select plant varieties that bloom early in can be purchased from retail garden centers and winter or early spring while the tree is bare for local plant shops (some seasonal availability). greater visual effect. Additional sources are local farmers markets, Kanapaha Botanical Gardens festivals, semi-annual Several varieties of a plant may be available. native plant sales at Morningside Nature Center, Detailed information about these varieties can and the annual Master Gardener plant sale. be found with research. Use the scientific names to be certain of a specific plant. Plants must be in the right location ("right plant, right place") to grow well, so consider these factors We hope this list will help you add beauty to the before going shopping: areas of your yard that are deeply shaded. -
Trees, Shrubs & Vines
TREES, SHRUBS & VINES WESLEYAN CAMPUS TREES AND SHRUBS Betulaceae (Birch family) Fabaceae (Bean family) Gymnosperms r Hazel Alder Alnus serrulata r Silktree† Albizia julibrissin (plants with naked seeds) r River Birch Betula nigra r Redbud Cercis canadensis r American Hornbeam r Black Locust Robinia pseudoacacia Cupressaceae (Cypress family) Carpinus caroliniana r Eastern Redcedar r Hop-Hornbeam Ostrya virginiana Fagaceae (Beech family) Juniperus virginiana r American Beech Fagus grandifolia Calycanthaceae (Strawberry-shrub r White Oak Quercus alba Pinaceae (Pine family) family) r Southern Red Oak Quercus falcata r Loblolly pine Pinus taeda r Sweet-shrub Calycanthus floridus r Blackjack Oak Quercus marilandica r Shortleaf pine Pinus echinata r Swamp Chestnut Caprifoliaceae (Honeysuckle family) Oak Quercus michauxii Taxodiaceae (Redwood family) r Elderberry Sambucus canadensis r Water Oak Quercus nigra r Baldcypress Taxodium distichum r Black haw Viburnum prunifolium r Willow Oak Quercus phellos r Arrowwood Viburnum dentatum r Northern Red Oak Quercus rubra Angiosperms (flowering plants) r Post Oak Quercus stellata Aceraceae (Maple family) Celastraceae (Staff-tree family) r Black Oak Quercus velutina r Florida Maple Acer barbatum r Strawberry bush r Box Elder Acer negundo Euonymus americanus Hamamelidaceae (Witch hazel family) r Red Maple Acer rubrum r Witch hazel Hamamelis virginiana Cornaceae (Dogwood family) r Sweetgum Liquidambar styraciflua Anacardiaceae (Cashew family) r Flowering dogwood r Winged Sumac Rhus copallina Cornus florida Hippocastanaceae r Smooth Sumac Rhus glabra (Horsechestnut family) Ebenaceae (Ebony family) r Red Buckeye Aesculus pavia Annonaceae (Custard Apple family) r Persimmon Diospyros virginiana r Dwarf Pawpaw Asimina parviflora Hypericaceae (St. John’s-Wort family) Elaeagnaceae (Oleaster family) r St. -
Appendix a Native Plants for the South Carolina Coastal Plain
Appendix A Native Plants for the South Carolina Coastal Plain Large Maturing Trees – Common Name Evergreen/ Comments Bloom Scientific Name Deciduous Time Acer barbatum Southern Sugar Maple D Bottomland forests, mesic slopes Apr. - July Acer negundo Boxelder D Lowland or seasonally flooded sites Mar. - Apr. Acer rubrum Red Maple D Red fall color; varied sites, best on moist; great shade Feb. - Mar. Betula nigra River Birch D Lowland or moist sites Mar. - Apr. Carpinus caroliniana Ironwood, Musclewood D Moist, rich areas; tolerates shading; smooth bark Mar. - Apr. Carya aquatica Water Hickory D Wet, poorly drained sites, fastest growth on well-drained Apr. - May Carya cordiformis Bitternut Hickory D Wet to drier sites, best on rich, well-drained soils Apr. Carya glabra Pignut Hickory D Dry or moist sites; very common Apr. - May Carya myristicaeformis Nutmeg Hickory D Rich bottomlands; very rare, locally in Chas/Berk Cos Apr. Carya ovalis Sweet pignut Hickory D Dry, fertile forests Apr. - May Carya pallida Pale or Sand Hickory D Dry or sandy sites; resembles Carya glabra Apr. - May Carya tomentosa Mockernut Hickory D Very common; prefers dry, rich sites Apr. - May Celtis Laevigata Hackberry, Sugarberry D Low, wet areas; bark has corky projections Apr. - May Fraxinus americana White Ash D Deep, rich well-drained sites Apr. - May Fraxinus caroliniana Carolina or Water Ash D Low sites; small tree, rarely exceeds 40 feet May Fraxinus pensylvanica Green Ash D Widely distributed; moist sites; relatively fast growing Apr. Fraxinus tomentosa Pumpkin Ash D Low, moist sites, in association with cypress and tupelo Apr. - May Ilex opaca American Holly E Varied soil types; deep, rich best; attractive foliage/berries Juglans nigra Black Walnut D Rich, well-drained sites; struggles in pure coastal setting Apr. -
Salt Tolerant Plants Info Sheet for East Central Florida * Asterisk Indicates Native Plant
Salt Tolerant Plants Info Sheet for east central Florida * asterisk indicates native plant TREES Tabebuia Tabebuia spp. High Salt Tolerance Texas Wild Olive Cordia boissieri Common Name Botanical Name Weeping Podocarpus Podocarpus gracilior Acacia, Sweet Acacia farnesiana Yaupon Holly Ilex vomitoria Autograph Tree/Pitch Apple Clusia rosa Yellow Elder Tecoma stans Black Olive Bucida buceras Yellow Jacaranda/Poinciana Peltophorum dubium Buttonwood Conocarpus erectus Wax Myrtle* Myrica cerifera Cassia Cassia spp. Gumbo Limbo Bursera simaurubra BAMBOO Jerusalem Thorn Parkinsonia aculeata Moderate Salt Tolerance Lignum Vitae Guaiacum sanctum Common Name Botanical Name Live Oak* Quercus virginiana Arrow Bamboo Pseudosasa japonica Magnolia* Magnolia grandiflora Common Timber Bambusa vulgaris Mahoe Thespesia populnea Hawaiian Stripe Bambusa vulgaris Mahogany Swietenia mahagoni Wamin Bambusa vulgaris Norfolk Island Pine Araucari heterophylla Oleander Nerium oleander Orange Geiger Tree Cordia sebestena PALMS Paradise Tree Simaruba glauca High Salt Tolerance Plumeria/Frangipani Plumeria spp. Common Name Botanical Name Red Bay* Persea borbonia Australian Fan Pam Livistonia australis Screw Pine/Pandanus Pandanus utilis (and spp.) Bismarkia Bismarkia nobilis Sea Grape** Coccoloba uvifera Bottle Palm Hyophorbe lafenicaulis Sea Hibiscus Hibiscus tiliaceus Buccaneer Palm* Pseudophoenix sargentii Silk Floss Chorisia speciosa Cabbage Palm/Sabal* Sabal palmetto Silver Buttonwood Conocarpus sericeus Cardboard Palm Zamia furfuracea Sweet Acacia Acacia farnesiana Canary Island Date Palm Phoenix canariensis Tropical Almond Terminalia catappa Chinese Fan Palm Livistonia chinensis Thornless Acacia Acacia choriophylla Christmas Palm Adonidia merrillii Cliff Date Palm Phoenix rupicola TREES Coconut Palm Cocos nucifera Moderate Salt Tolerance Dwarf Royal Palm Veitchia spp. African Tulip Tree Spathodea campanulata Dwarf Sabal Palm Sabal minor Bald Cypress* Taxodium distichum European Fan Palm Chamaerops humilis Bottlebrush Callistemon spp.