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Croatia and the EU: Tyingslovak Ithea and Knot the European Union

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Croatia and the EU: Tyingslovak Ithea and Knot the European Union Croatia and the EU: tyingSlovak ithea and knot the European Union A single-country study Sloga jači neskladof Slovakia ’otlačis nUpsiti on i the E United we stand, divided we fall 1 CoRe StuCoRedies StuIII dies2010 I II EUROPEAN POLICY STUDIES - This page intentionally left blank - Country Report on the Republic of Croatia Croatia and the EU: tying the knot A country report on Croatia’s position within the EU Country Report Series – CoRe Series VII MA European Policy Studies University of Amsterdam June 2014 © Lai van Beek, Sophia Bout, Sarafien Hiel, Maud van Koeveringe, Linda Koning, Lucien van Pomeren, Merle Prast, Marieke Rozenbroek, Daan Stoop and Peter Wolfs. Alle rechten voorbehouden. Niets uit deze uitgave mag worden verveelvoudigd, opgeslagen in een geautomatiseerd gegevensbestand of openbaar gemaakt worden, in enige vorm of op enige wijzen, hetzij elektronisch, mechanisch door fotokopieën, opnamen of enige andere manier, zonder voorafgaande schriftelijke toestemming van de auteurs. Voor zover het maken van kopieën uit deze uitgave is toegestaan op grond van artikel 16B Auteurswet 1912 JO, het besluit van juni 1974, Stb. 351, zoals gewijzigd op grond van artikel 16B, augustus, Stb. 471 en artikel 17 Auteurswet 1912, dient men de daarvoor wettelijke verschuldigde vergoedingen te voldoen aan de Stichting Reprorecht (Postbus 882, 1180 te Amstelveen). Voor het overnemen van gedeelte(n) uit deze uitgave in bloemlezingen, readers en andere compilatiewerken (artikel 16 Auteurswet 1921) dient men zich tot de uitgever te wenden. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system of any nature, or transmitted in any form or by any mean, electronic, mechanical, now known of hereafter invented, including photocopying or recording, without prior written permission of the authors. ISBN: 978-90-807611-9-3 Table of contents Table of contents .............................................................................................................................................. i List of abbreviations ..................................................................................................................................... vi List of tables, figures and boxes ................................................................................................................. x Acknowledgements ...................................................................................................................................... xii Preface ............................................................................................................................................................. xiii Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. xiv Part I .................................................................................................................................................................... 1 1. History of Croatia ....................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 A brief history of Croatia until the 20th century ..................................................................................... 2 1.2 The First World War ............................................................................................................................................ 4 1.3 The Unification of the South Slavic people ................................................................................................. 5 1.4 The Second World War....................................................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Tito’s Yugoslavia .................................................................................................................................................12 1.6 The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia ..........................................................................................16 1.7 The disintegration of Yugoslavia ..................................................................................................................19 1.8 The rise of Milošević ..........................................................................................................................................21 1.9 The 1990s Wars ...................................................................................................................................................25 1.10 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................27 2. The Culture of Croatia ............................................................................................................................ 29 2.1 Cultural Policy ......................................................................................................................................................29 2.2 Croatian Heritage Foundation .......................................................................................................................34 2.3 Croatian nationalism .........................................................................................................................................35 2.4 The Croatian language ......................................................................................................................................36 2.5 The Croatian identity ........................................................................................................................................39 2.6 Sports in Croatia ..................................................................................................................................................43 2.7 Stereotypes and self-stereotyping ...............................................................................................................47 2.8 Literature, architecture, art, film and music ............................................................................................50 2.9 Croatia’s gastronomy ........................................................................................................................................53 i 2.10 Conclusion ...........................................................................................................................................................54 Part II ................................................................................................................................................................ 56 3. Legal System .............................................................................................................................................. 57 3.1 The constitution ..................................................................................................................................................57 3.2 Administrative and Civil Law in Croatia ...................................................................................................62 3.3 Criminal Law of Croatia ....................................................................................................................................66 3.4 Competition Policy: Chapter 8 of the acquis ............................................................................................69 3.5 Croatian company law ......................................................................................................................................71 3.6 The relationship between Croatian law and EU law ............................................................................74 3.7 Conclusion .............................................................................................................................................................76 4. Human Rights in Croatia........................................................................................................................ 78 4.1 Croatia’s human rights provisions in compliance with EU requirements ..................................78 4.2 The situation of ethnic minorities in Croatia ..........................................................................................81 4.3 LGBT persons in Croatia ..................................................................................................................................86 4.4 Gender equality in Croatia ..............................................................................................................................92 4.5 Croatia and the European Court of Human Rights ................................................................................95 4.6 The problems with the judicial system in Croatia .................................................................................98 4.7 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................................... 101 Part III ............................................................................................................................................................ 103 5. The political system ............................................................................................................................. 104 5.1 Political parties ................................................................................................................................................
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