Cameroon Humanitarian Situation Report
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Cameroon Humanitarian Situation Report SITUATION IN NUMBERS November 2018 Highlights 1,810,000 The cholera outbreak continues with a total number of 942 cases # of children in need of humanitarian and 57 deaths recorded in the North, Far North, Central and Littoral assistance regions as of 23 November. In collaboration with national and 3,260,000 humanitarian actors, UNICEF is conducting cholera response and # of people in need (Cameroon Humanitarian Needs Overview 2018) prevention activities in the affected areas. After activities were put on hold due to the electoral campaign in Displacement October 2018, UNICEF and its partners resumed emergency 437,515 # of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in activities in the North West and South West. North West, South West, Littoral and West In the Far North region, the number of IDPs increased by 7% and regions. reached 244,347 in September, as opposed to 227,581 people (Estimates by OCHA, October 2018) reported in June. (IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix Round 15, 244,347 #of Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) in September 2018). the Far North region (Displacement Tracking Matrix 15, September 2018) 100,925 # of Returnees in the Far North region (Displacement Tracking Matrix 15, September 2018) UNICEF’s Response with Partners 99,851 # of Nigerian Refugees in rural areas Sector Total UNICEF Total (UNHCR Cameroon Fact Sheet, November 2018) Target Results* Target Results* 252,344 WASH: People provided with access 528,000 24,137 75,000 10,754 # of CAR Refugees in the East, Adamawa to appropriate sanitation Education: School-aged children 4-17, and North regions in rural areas (UNHCR Cameroon Fact Sheet, November 2018) including adolescents, accessing 411,000 164,647 280,000 162,705 education in a safe and protective UNICEF Appeal 2018 learning environment. US$ 25.5 million Nutrition: Number of children aged 6- 59 months with SAM admitted for 38,646 58,859 40,482 62,283 Funding status (US$) treatment Funds received: Child Protection: Children reached $4.4M with psychosocial support through 289,527 85,000 142,399 child friendly/safe spaces Carry-over: C4D: Persons reached with $2.1M (8%) information about WASH / health / Required: nutrition / education services 235,913 814,634 (behavior/best practices) through $25.5M community-based social mobilization and/or outreach activities Funding gap: *Total results are cumulative. $18.9M (74%) Situation Overview & Humanitarian Needs The Ministry of Public Health and UNICEF, with financial support from KfW (Germany), conducted Standardized Monitoring and Assessment of Relief and Transitions (SMART) nutrition survey from 12 September to 2 October. The survey targeted the four vulnerable regions (Far North, North, Adamawa and East) to assess the nutritional status of children aged below five years old as well as infant and young child feeding (IYCF) practices. The preliminary report estimated 21,259 cases of severe acute malnutrition (SAM), and indicate that, on average, the prevalence of global acute malnutrition is close to 5% in the four regions. According to WHO 2006 standards, the situation can be classified as “serious” (≤1%) for SAM in the Far North, Adamawa and North regions. Detailed results and analysis will be presented in the final report. UNICEF continues to support the implementation of Integrated Management of Acute Malnutrition (IMAM) activities. In the Far North region, from the 92 schools that were closed-down due to insecurity, 24 schools were reopened this academic year: 23 schools in Mayo Sava and one school in Mayo Tsanaga (Far North Regional Education Office, October 2018). UNICEF contributed to the reopening of these schools by playing an advocacy role towards the authorities. The remaining 68 schools are still closed due to the persisting insecurity: 34 in Mayo Sava, 18 in Mayo Tsanaga and 16 in Logone and Chari. According to the DTM (IOM Displacement Tracking Matrix Round 15, September 2018), in the Far North region, the number of IDPs increased by 7% and reached 244,347 people in September, as opposed to 227,581 people reported in June 2018. On the other hand, the number of returnees and unregistered refugees increased respectively by 9% (100,925 people) and 6% (41,763 people). From June to August, there was an increase of attacks reported in Mayo Sava and Logone and Chari divisions, compared with the period from March to May. This led people to be displaced in these divisions. In terms of the returnees back in Logone and Chari and Mayo Sava divisions, difficulties in accessing agricultural land or finding financial means to sustain their lives motivated people to return to these divisions. Furthermore, relative lull in attacks for the period from February to July encouraged displaced people to return to Mayo Tsanaga division. The cholera epidemic is still observed in the North and Far North regions. As of 23 November, a total of 942 cases and 57 deaths have been reported in Cameroon, out of which 595 cases with 40 deaths, and 268 cases and 16 deaths are reported respectively in the North and Far North regions, according to the Ministry of Public Health (Situation Report 23 November 2018). UNICEF periodically organises field missions in the affected areas in the North and Far North regions to provide support with the regional heath delegations in the cholera coordination and responses. In parallel, UNICEF continues sensitisation activities and distribution of WASH kits. Also in the Far North region, measles epidemic was declared in Kousseri health district in Logone and Chari division. As of November, 61 cases, including one death were reported (Ministry of Public Health, Situation Report 29 November 2018). In collaboration with the Far North Regional Health Delegation, UNICEF is preparing its intervention of providing vaccines and accessories items as well as supporting community social mobilisation. In the North West and South West regions, UNICEF has initiated programmes in health, WASH, child protection and communication for development to provide assistance, primarily through distribution of WASH kits and mosquito nets as well as child protection and sensitisation activities. Despite strong access constraints, UNICEF has reached more than 32,000 beneficiaries in all. Estimated Population in Need of Humanitarian Assistance *Cameroon Humanitarian Needs Overview 2018 **SMART Survey 2017 & UNHCR Standardised Expanded Nutrition Survey (SENS) 2016 Start of humanitarian response: November 2013 Total Male Female Total Population in Need* 3,260,000 1,610,000 1,650,000 Children (Under 18)* 1,810,000 915,000 896,000 Children Under Five** 523,000 258,000 265,000 Children 6 to 23 months** 163,000 80,500 82,500 Malnourished Pregnant and lactating women** 18,000 - 18,000 2 Humanitarian Leadership and Coordination The Humanitarian/Resident Coordinator leads the overall humanitarian coordination, supported by OCHA. At the national level, UNICEF and the Government are co-leading the Nutrition, WASH and Education sectors, as well as the sub-sectoral group for Child Protection. At the field level, OCHA leads inter-sector coordination, which addresses particularly challenges and gaps both for refugees, IDPs and host communities in the Far North, while UNHCR oversees coordination in the regions of the East and Adamawa. In response to the crisis in the North West and South West, clusters have been activated and UNICEF is the lead for the WASH, Nutrition, Education clusters and the Child Protection sub-cluster. Humanitarian Strategy UNICEF’s integrated programme is based on four pillars: building a protective environment and supporting community peacebuilding; preventing and responding to the violence and exploitation of children; increasing access to basic services; and strengthening emergency preparedness and response systems. All four pillars bridge the humanitarian-development nexus and foster community resilience to outside pressures, such as conflict or population displacement, while supporting the State to anticipate and respond to shocks. UNICEF aims at strengthening collaboration between community-based structures and government services to provide care and protection to children, particularly the most marginalised. By supporting community dialogue mechanisms, inter- generational dialogue and non-violent relationships among peers, UNICEF works to foster social cohesion, giving children a voice and rebuilding community linkages. Recognizing that lack of access to basic services exposes children to vulnerabilities, UNICEF supports the Government to strengthen the quality of service delivery at the community level by training community workers and establishing needed infrastructure, improving access to water and sanitation in schools and health centres, developing community health mechanisms and improving the quality of education. Furthermore, UNICEF is working with non-governmental organisations and other partners to implement mechanisms for monitoring and responding to emergencies in a timely and effective manner. Summary Analysis of Programme Response UNICEF humanitarian assistance primarily focuses on IDPs, out-of-camp Nigerian refugees and host communities affected by the violence caused by armed groups as well as the refugees who fled the armed conflict in Central African Republic (CAR), and host communities. Lake Chad Basin (LCB) Crisis Nutrition1 IMAM activities continue in the Far North (349 health facilities covered). In October, 3,492 children aged 6-59 months were admitted across UNICEF supported health centres