Native American Voices Contemporary Themes of Sovereign Nations
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® EXPEdıTıonTHE MAGAZINE OF THE UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA MuSEUM OF ARCHAEOLOGY AND ANTHROPOLOGY WINTER 2013 | VOLUME 55, NUMBER 3 Native American Voices Contemporary Themes of Sovereign Nations The Long Red Power Movement | Sacred Places | Tribal Sovereignty | Native Americans at Penn DONORS in DAYS the penn museum by the numbers: 1,000,000 190,000+ extraordinary guests objects visiting annually in the Collection On October 19, 2013, the Penn Museum celebrated 25,000+ the centenary of the arrival of the 15-ton, red granite school 100,000 Sphinx of Ramesses II, excavated from the sacred internet users children enclosure of the temple of the god Ptah at Memphis, engaging monthly with visiting annually on Egypt, and on display at the center of the lower gallery digital content class field trips in the Coxe Wing. One hundred years after its arrival, 300+ 100 this priceless object serves as an inspiring example research years of all that the Penn Museum accomplishes—from expeditions of the Sphinx engaging welcoming visitors and educating school children sponsored by the Museum and inspiring visitors and adults about human history through compelling since its founding of all ages exhibitions and programming, to caring for a remarkable collection of roughly one million artifacts. 1 DONOR to the Annual Fund In celebration of the 100th anniversary of the arrival making an important difference of the Sphinx at the Museum, our goal is to raise support for the Annual Fund from 100 Donors in 100 Days. Help us underwrite all of our day-to-day operations and be counted toward our goal by making Add yourself to the Penn Museum’s count today! a gift to the Penn Museum’s Annual Fund before WWW.PENN.museum/ANNUAL-givinG December 31, 2013. WıNTER 2013 | VOLUME 55, NUMBER 3 contents 24 Being Hopi By Patty Talahongva 28 Seeing One’s Creative Process By C. Maxx Stevens 8 NATIVE AMERICANS AT PEnn 34 Researching the Pueblo Revolt of 1680 By Joseph R. Aguilar 36 Planting New Seeds: The Lenape Garden at Penn By Caroline Kee 38 New Native American Studies Initiative at Penn By Margaret M. Bruchac 8 Rebuilding Indigenous Nations: 40 Recruiting Native American Native American Activism and the Students to Penn Long Red Power Movement By Doug Kiel By Tina Pierce Fragoso 12 Threatened and Damaged: departments Protecting Sacred Places 2 From the Guest Editor By Suzan Shown Harjo 3 From the Director 4 In the Galleries 18 Understanding Tribal Sovereignty: 7 Museum Events The Native American Rights Fund 42 From the Archives: By John E. Echohawk Edward Sapir and Tony Tillohash 44 Member News PENN MUSEUM 48 Museum Mosaic 3260 South Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6324 Telephone: 215.898.4000 54 Book News + Reviews Website: www.penn.museum 56 Looking Back Hours Tours Tuesday–Sunday: 10:00 am to 5:00 pm Docents offer tours most Saturdays and 57 Volume 55 Index Closed Mondays and major holidays. Sundays at 1:30 pm. Check the Museum website for topics. Group discounts and Admission docent-led tours are available for groups Penn Museum members: Free; PennCard of 10 or more with reservations. holders (Penn faculty, staff, and students): Free; ON THE COVER: Miscommunication, Active US military personnel with ID: Free; Museum Library Jason Garcia (2012). Combining time Adults: $15.00; Seniors: $13.00; Open to the general public with ID. Call honored Pueblo imagery and techniques Children (6-17) and students with ID: $10.00 215.898.4021 for information and hours. with pop culture themes, this clay box shows Santa Clara Pueblo members chatting on Expedition® (ISSN 0014-4738) is published three times a year by the Penn Museum. Editorial inquiries should be addressed to the Editor at [email protected]. their cell phones while celebrating the Feast Please send advertising queries to Maureen Goldsmith at [email protected] of Saint Clare of Assisi. (Museum Object or call 215.898.4050. Unless otherwised noted, all images are courtesy of the Penn Museum. #2013-14-1) EXPEDITION Winter 2013 1 FROM THE GUEST EDıTOR Native American Voices Today his special issue of Expedition is an extension of our new exhibition, Native American Voices: The People—Here and Now, and highlights Native American sovereignty Tthrough the work of some of today’s most talented Native leaders, several of whom are here at Penn. Native Americans hold a special status in our country as members of sovereign Nations. These essays explain that status and share stories of Native America’s ongoing tribulations and vitality. A century has passed since our early Board member, George Gustav Heye, installed his own Native American collection in our galleries. That was Lucy Fowler Williams (right) co- the “Golden Age of Museums,” when directors eagerly produced five short films for the Penn amassed specimens from Native peoples struggling to hold Museum’s Native American Voices: The People—Here and Now with Hopi on to their cultural ideals. Today, a century later, Native journalist Patty Talahongva, seen here American activism has reshaped museums like ours. We together on location in Alaska. now hold legal obligations to Native communities and follow a collaborative agenda on a more even playing field. Native Americans in the active present. His insistence As our new exhibition shows, these collaborations often on survivance through the telling of today’s stories has result in deeper understandings and renewed relationships. profoundly shaped this project. We owe a debt of gratitude to indigenous Americans for In Philadelphia it is easy to feel distanced from Indian initiating this perspective. Country, but Native American Voices reminds us that the Three Native scholars served as touchstones for me in collections we steward are still very much alive in Native organizing this project. Louis Shotridge, the Museum’s communities near and far. Over 70 Native colleagues have early Tlingit Assistant Curator, identified Penn as a safe contributed to the exhibition, and four advisors helped haven in which to harbor his Tlingit regalia against the shape its words and content. I am grateful to each of onrushing tide of modernity. Were Shotridge alive today them, to our talented Museum staff, to the underwriters he would likely be thrilled to hear Tlingit voices in our who made the exhibition possible, and to these authors new exhibition hall and would champion the exhibit’s who, as cultural ambassadors, have so generously shared collaborative spirit. Forty years later, in 1969, Vine De- their voices and aspirations with us. loria, Jr., the influential Lakota scholar, harshly criticized anthropologists for fostering stereotypes that lead to misguided government policy. Deloria’s critique underlies my resolve that the Penn Museum should engage its audi- ences with resounding issues from source communities. lucy fowler williams, ph.d. Finally, Gerald Vizenor, the prolific Anishinaabe writer associate curator and sabloff senior keeper and a consultant on the exhibition, urges us to recognize of collections, american section 2 EXPEDITION Volume 55 Number 3 FROM THE DıRECTOR WILLIAMS DIRECTOR Transforming Julian Siggers, Ph.D. WILLIAMS DIRECTORS EMERITUS Robert H. Dyson, Jr., Ph.D. Understanding of Jeremy A. Sabloff, Ph.D. CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER Melissa P. Smith, CFA the Native American CHIEF OF STAFF/HEAD OF COLLECTIONS James R. Mathieu, Ph.D. DEPUTY DIRECTOR/CHIEF CURATOR Experience Stephen J. Tinney, Ph.D. DIRECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT Amanda Mitchell-Boyask n the last issue of Expedition, I introduced our new mission statement: The MERLE-SMITH DIRECTOR OF Penn Museum transforms understanding of the human experience. Native learning and museum programs Jean Byrne American Voices, the first exhibition to open since we distilled what we do DIRECTOR OF EXHIBITIONS in the context of this mission, will transform understanding of the issues Kate Quinn Ifacing Native Americans by presenting objects which represent more than 50 tribal nations, brought into focus through the interpretive voices of living Native EXPEDITION STAFF American artists, scholars, and activists. The exhibition’s stated goals are to break EDITOR stereotypes and myths of the American Indian; to create a new understanding of the Jane Hickman, Ph.D. diversity of individuals, regions, experiences, and current issues in Indian Country ART DIRECTOR today; to present living Native American individuals, experiences, voices, real issues, Christina Jones ASSOCIATE EDITOR and contemporary concerns; and to emphasize activism, the future, and survival. Jennifer Quick In the course of its five-year run, Native American Voices will feature more than ASSISTANT EDITOR 300 objects, including items such as the Museum’s 12,000-year-old Clovis points, KC Boas dramatic Plains Indian war bonnets and war shirts from early Indian wars, beauti- advertising manager and fully crafted ceremonial regalia, and objects of everyday life such as clothing, baskets, administrative coordinator pottery, and musical instruments. Visitors will be able to access in-depth information Maureen Goldsmith about the history, creation, and cultural contexts of the objects through touchscreen ADVISORY BOARD Clark L. Erickson, Ph.D. stations positioned directly in front of the perimeter cases displaying the objects. Emily Goldsleger At the core of their mission, museums have an obligation to be stewards of the Maureen Goldsmith collections entrusted to their care, and to use those collections to advance under- Pam Kosty James R. Mathieu, Ph.D. standing of the human experience. When you visit Native American Voices I hope Amanda Mitchell-Boyask you will agree that this important new exhibition does both: it shows the Penn Janet M. Monge, Ph.D. Museum as a safe haven for the Native American objects entrusted to it by Louis Alessandro Pezzati Shotridge and many others, and it provides a visual backdrop from which the sto- Kate Quinn C. Brian Rose, Ph.D. ries of the more than 70 contemporary indigenous American leaders involved in its Stephen Tinney, Ph.D.