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Table of Contents

Syllabus …………..………………………………………………………………… 01

RTI ACT .……………………………………………………………………………… 02

Lakes and ……………………………………………………………….. 10

Indus Water Treaty ……………………………………………………………. 18

Power Projects ……………………………………………………………………23

Tourist and Historical Places ………………………………………………. 42

Abbreviations ……………………………………………………………………..55

Important Dates…………………………………………………………………..55

Famous Personalities …………………………………………………………..57

History of J&K ………………………………………………………………………60

Weather/Climate, Crops, Means of Transport……………………….78

www.aspireadda.com GENERAL KNOWLEDGE WITH SPECIAL Syllabus: General Knowledge with REFERENCE TO J&K :25 Marks Special Refrence to J&K

This Section of JKSSB Syllabus is the most 1) Abbreviations, Important dates, popular important section from the preparation point of names of personalities and their view. The Syllabus is limited and you can score achievements/Contribution (National and good marks in this section, if you study it International). intelligently. 2) Constitution of J&K – Formation, These 25 Marks of J&K GK Section, will play a Fundamental rights, Directive Principles. vital role in your Final Selection and in this E- Book, you will learn, How easily you can score 3) Weather, Climate, Crops, Means of these 25 Marks with 10-15 Days of Study. Transport.

Yes, If you Read this E-Book, thoroughly and 4) Important power projects and their impact with open mind, I bet you can score at least 22- on State Economy. 23 Marks out of 25 5) Rivers and . In this E-Book, we have also shared the Topic wise Questions asked in the Previous JKSSB 6) Important Tourist Destinations. Exams. So that, you will get an insight of Nature and Difficulty level of Questions asked in this 7) History of J&K State. previous exams. 8) Historical places of the State and their As the name specifies, the Questions in this importance. section are General Knowledge Questions about and . 9) RTI Act.

10) Indus Water Treaty and its impact on State economy.

www.aspireadda.com J&K RTI ACT Important Sections of RTI Act

J&K RTI Act is an important Topic of Syllabus Section 1: Short Title, Extent and and Questions from this section have been Commencement. asked in every Graduate Level Exam held from (2013-2018). Section 2: Definitions.

 Minimum 2 Questions are asked from this Section 3: This is the section, under which you Section. can ask for Information, from a Public authority.  Level of the Questions is Easy to Moderate. Every person residing in the state of J&K shall  Questions Asked include: Sections, Chapters, have the right to Information Definitions, Dates etc.

Section 4: Obligation of Public Authorities.

Important Points about J&K RTI Act Section 5: Designation of Public Information Officers. What is RTI ? Section-6 : Request for Obtaining Information. RTI stands for Right to Information. Under the provisions of J&K RTI Act, 2009 any citizen of  RTI application is to be submitted either J&K may request information from a "public In writing or through Electronic means authority" (a body of Government) which is in , English and . required to reply expeditiously or within thirty  RTI application, should be addressed to days Public Information Officer (PIO) OR Assistant Public Information Officer  J&K RTI Act,2004 was enacted on 7th (APIO) of the the concerned public Jan, 2004 authority.  The Rules to J&K RTI Act,2004 were  In case, where the information issued on 30th June, 2005. requested by applicant is held by  J&K RTI Act,2009 came into force on : another public authority, in that case 20th March, 2009. the public authority to which  Rules for RTI Act 2009 were enacted on application is made, shall transfer the 20th July, 2009. application or part of it to the  The act Led to the formation of State concerned public authority and Information Commission with G.R Sufi immediately inform the applicant as its First Chief State Information about such transfer. commissioner.  The transfer of application should take  S.K Sharma and Nazir Ahmad are the no more than 5 days, from receipt of First State Information commissioners. application.  Applicant will have to Pay Rs 10 as RTI application fee either through Postal Order, Bank Draft, or Cash against a proper receipt.

www.aspireadda.com Section-7: Disposal of Request Section 12(3): This section deals with appointment and Eligibility for State 1. After receiving the RTI Application, the Information Commissioner. The appointment public Information Officer shall have to for SIC is done by Governor, on the advice of reply within 30 Days of Receipt of Chief Minister, Leader of Opposition and Application. Cabinet Minister. 2. In case, where information, relates to Life and Liberty of a person, the same The State Chief Information Commissioner and shall be provided within 48 hours. the State Information Commissioners shall be 3. Charges for Information: For providing persons of eminence in public life with wide the Information, fees will be charged as knowledge and experience in law, science and per the Rates given below technology, social service, management, journalism, mass media or administration and a. Rupees two for each page (in A4 or A-3 size governance. The State Chief Information paper) created or copied. Commissioner or a State Information b. Actual charge or cost price of a copy in larger Commissioner shall not be a Member of size paper. Parliament or Member of the Legislature of any State or as the case may be, or c. Actual cost or price for samples or models; hold any other office of profit or connected and with any political party or carrying on any d. For inspection of records, no fee for the first business or pursuing any profession hour; and a fee of rupees five for each fifteen minutes (or fraction thereof) thereafter. Section-13: Terms of Office and Condition of Service. e. Rs 50 for Information provided in Floppy OR Diskette i) State Chief Information Commissioner and State Information Commissioner shall hold the Section (8) and (9) : The Information which falls, Office for a term of 5 years Or Till 65 years. with in the exemption of Section (8) and (9) cannot be disclosed. If you ask for information, Section-14: Removal of State Chief Information under this section, it can be rejected. Commissioner Or State Information Commissioner. Section-10: Severability. State chief Information commissioner or a state Section 11: This section deals with the Third Information commissioner shall be removed from his Party Information. office only by Order of the Governor on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity after the High Section 12: This section deals with the Court' on a reference made to it by the Governor, has formation of State Information Commission on inquiry, reported that the State Chief Information (SIC). It includes (a) The State Chief Information Commissioner or a State Information Commissioner, Commissioner and (b) Two State Information as the case may be, ought on such ground be Commissioners. removed.

www.aspireadda.com Section-15: Powers and Functions of Terminology of J&K RTI Act Information Commission. Public Authority: It means any authority or Section-16: Appeal. body or Institution of Self-Government established or constituted 1) First Appeal to Next Senior Officer should be done within 30 Days from the Receipt of Reply 1. By or under the Constitution of or the for Public Information Officer (PIO) Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir, 2. By any other law made by Parliament 2) A second appeal against the Decision should 3. By any other Law made by State Legislature be done within 90 Days to the State Information 4. By notification issued or order made by the Commission. Government, and includes(1) any- (A) body owned, controlled(2) or substantially(3) Section-17 : Penalties. financed(4) ; (B) non-Government organization (5) substantially financed, Section-18: Protection of Action taken in good directly or indirectly by funds provided by faith. the Government ;

Section-19: Act to have overriding effect. Public Information Officers (PIO): Officers designated by public authority for providing Section 20: This section puts a bar on the information to citizens. Initiation of Proceedings before any court in respect of any order made under this act. Third Parties: A Person other than the citizen, making a request for Information and includes a Section-21: Act Not to apply to Certain public authority. Organizations. (Example : Security and Intelligence Organizations) Time Limit: The time limit for getting the information is 30 Days. However, in case, the Section-22: Monitoring and Reporting. information concerns the Life and Liberty of a Section 23: Deals with the Role of Government. person, then the Public Authority will have to provide the information within 48 hours . Section 24: This section gives the Rule making power to the J&K state Govt, for RTI Act. Appellate Authority: The next higher Officer Or Authority, in case you are not satisfied with the Section 25: Power to make rules by competent information provided Or the PIO does not authority. provide the information.

Section-26: Laying of Rules. Penalty: In case, the PIO is held guilty of not Section-27: Power to Remove Difficulties. providing the information, without a reasonable cause, then he/she will have to pay penalty of Section-28: Repeal and Saving. Rs 250 / Day, for each day of delay, subject to the condition, that amount of penalty, should not exceed Rs 25,000/- and disciplinary action

www.aspireadda.com can be taken against the Public Information Officer. Chapters Section Deals With Right to Information: Right to Information I 1-2 Short Title and means Commencement and Definitions i) Inspection of work, documents, records. II 3-5 Matters Related to Fees ii) Taking notes extracts or certified copies of and Cost document or records. III 6-11 Appeal Procedure iii) Taking certified samples of material. IV 12-13 Miscellaneous

(iv) Obtaining information in the form of diskettes. Floppies, tapes, video cassettes or in any other Sections of J&K RTI Rules 2012 electronic mode or through printouts where such information is stored in a computer or in any other Section-1: Short title and commencement device Section-2: Definitions

Chapters of J&K RTI Act,2009 Section-3-5: Matters Related to Fees and Cost

Chapters Section Deals With Section-6: Contents of Appeal I 1-2 Preliminary Information II 3-11 Right to Information and Section-7: Documents to Accompany Appeal Obligation of Public Authorities Section-8: Procedure in Deciding Appeal III 12-14 State Information Commission Section-9: Service of Notice by Commission IV 15-17 Powers and Functions of Notice to be issued by the Commission may be Information Commission, Appeal and Penalties served in any of the following modes, namely V 18-28 Deals with Miscellaneous (i) Service by the party itself; Information (ii) By hand delivery (dasti) through Process Server;

Chapters of J&K RTI Rules 2012 (iii) By registered post with acknowledgement due; or SRO-279: On 30th August, 2012, Government of J&K under Section 24 of J&K RTI Act, 2009, (iv) Through Head of office or Department. makes some Rules pertaining to the RTI Act, Section-10: Personal presence of the appellant 2009 or complainant These Rules may be Called the Jammu and Section-11: Order of the Commission Kashmir Right to Information Rules, 2012 Section-12: Interpretation

www.aspireadda.com  If any question of interpretation of Q7) In which year was the Jammu & Kashmir these rules arise, the decision of the State Right to Information Act passed? (2015)

Government in General Administration Answer: 2004 Department shall be final Q8) What is the time limit for a person to get Section-13: Repeal and Saving information, as per J&K RTI Act 2009, for Jammu and Kashmir state ? (2017)  The Jammu and Kashmir Right to Information Rules, 2010 are hereby Answer: 30 Days

repealed. Q9) Who assailed the Led Government making the State Information J&K RTI Act (Previous Years Questions) Commission(SIC) a toothless body? (2017)

Q1) J&K RTI Act comes into force on Answer: Central Information Commission

th Answer: 20 March,2009 Q10) As per the RTI act 2009, the State Chief Information Commissioner and the State Q2) Chapter III of RTI J&K Act 2009 deals with: Information Commissioners shall be appointed by (2017) Answer: State Information Commission. Answer : Governor of the State Q3) J&K RTI Act, provides for setting out the regime of Right to Information, for the people of Q11) Which of the following is TRUE with respect state in order to provide to the Jammu and Kashmir RTI Act 2009? (2017)

1. Transparency and Accountability 1. Section 20: Ground for Rejection 2. Accountability and Credibility 2. Section 7: Power of Govt to Make Rules 3. Honesty and Peace 3. Section 23:Govt to Prepare Program 4. Development and Peace. 4. Section 20:Protection of Action taken in Good faith Answer: Transparency and Accountability Answer: Section7: Power of Govt to Make Rules Q4) In which year, the State Level RTI Act first Q 12) Which of the following is INCORRECT with Enacted in J&K: respect to Jammu and Kashmir RTI Act 2009? (2017)

Answer: 2004 A) Section 15 deals with Powers and Functions Q5) What should be the time frame to provide of the Information Commission information under Jammu and Kashmir Right to B) Section 14 provides for the Removal of State information Act 2009, if it concerns the life and Chief Information Commissioner liberty of a person? (2015) C) Section 8 provides for Exemption from Disclosure of Information Answer: 48 Hours D) Public Information Officer in any case must reply to RTI application within 35 days

Q6) Who among the following is responsible to Answer: Public Information Officer in any case must give Information to a person who seeks reply to RTI application within 35 days information under the RTI Act? (2015)

Answer: Public Information Officer

www.aspireadda.com Q 13) The Jammu and Kashmir RTI Act, 2009 gives 3) When the J&K RTI Act 2004 came into force? you the right to access to Information held by public authorities. In this regard which is the Ans: 30th June, 2005. INCORRECT option pertaining to the definition of public authorities as mentioned In the act? 4) What is the application fee for filing RTI (2018) Application?

A) Established or constituted by or under the Constitution of India or the Ans Rs 10 Constitution of Jammu and Kashmir B) Established or constituted by a law of 5) In which Language, we can file the RTI Parliament or the Legislature of Jammu application in J&K? and Kashmir C) Established or constituted by a Ans English, Hindi and Urdu notification or order of the State Government 6) What is the Time Frame for Public Authority D) Established Private sector organization to reply to the RTI Application? functioning in Jammu and Kashmir Ans 30 Days Answer: Established Private sector organization functioning in Jammu and Kashmir 7) When JK RTI Act 2009 came into force?

Q 14) In the RTI Act, 2009 of Jammu and Kashmir Ans 20th March, 2009 State, under the Right to Information Rules 2012 'Appeal Procedure' is mentioned in which of the 8) Under which section of RTI Act 2009, an following chapters? applicant can make a request for obtaining A) Chapter I Information?

B) Chapter II Ans : Section-6

C) Chapter III 9) What is the mode of payment of Application fees for filing the RTI? D) Chapter VI Ans: Postal Order, Bank Draft, or against a Answer: Chapter-III proper receipt

10) Under which section of RTI Act 2009, public authority is bound to provide information? Expected Questions on J&K RTI ACT Ans Section3 1) When the RTI Act was first enacted in J&K? 11) How many chapters are there is J&K RTI Act Ans: 7th Jan, 2004 2009? 2) Who was appointed as the First Chief Ans: 5 Chapters Information Commissioner of J&K? 12) Which section provides Exemption from Ans G R Sufi Disclosure of Information?

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Ans Section-8 250 Per Day, and maximum amount should not exceed Rs 25000. Note: That means, If, you ask for information, that falls, in Section-8 and 9, your applications 20) Which section provides for removal of State will be rejected Chief Information Commissioner?

13) What is the time frame for providing Ans: Section 14 information, if it relates to the Life and Liberty 21) Which section deals with Powers and of a person? Functions of Information Commission? Ans 48 hours Ans Section-15 14) Which section deals with the appointment 22) Which section provides for making an of State Information commissioner? appeal to public authority? Ans Section 12(3) Ans Section 16 15) As per J&K RTI Act 2009, Who is a Third Party? 23) What is the Time specified for making the First appeal? Ans : A person other than citizen making Ans Within 30 Days of getting the reply of RTI request for information Application. 16) In case, you are not satisfied with 24) Which section deals with the Jurisdiction of information provided by public authority, what you can do? courts?

Ans: You have to make the First appeal to Ans Section 20 Appellate authority. 25) Which part of J&K RTI Act deal with Miscellaneous Information? 17) Which section gives the rule making power to the J&K Government? Ans Chapter-V

Ans: Section-24 26) Which section deals with Third Part Information? 18) Which Chapter deals to Right to Information and Obligation of Public Authorities? Ans Section 11

Ans Chapter II 27) Which section provides that ACT not to 19) What is the penalty provision under the J&K apply to a few organizations? RTI Act 2009? Ans Section-21

Ans For each day of delay in providing 28) Which Chapter Deals with Preliminary information, PIO had to pay a penalty of Rs Information?

www.aspireadda.com Ans Chapter-I (Section 1 & 2)

29) Which Section provides relief to Information Seekers for Protection of Action taken in good faith?

Ans: Section-18

30) Which section provides for Obligation of public authorities?

Ans: Section-4

31) Which section gives the Rule making Power to Government?

Ans Section-24

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Lakes and Rivers of J&K  It is branch of ravi, passes through and Enters In this section of syllabus, Questions are asked on Famous Lakes and Rivers of Jammu and Kashmir. Common Questions are Origin of Lakes (II) Rivers of Kashmir Region and Rivers, Location and Popular Name of Rivers and Lakes. Jhelum ( Vitasta: Vyeth for Kashmiris)

(I) Rivers of Jammu Region  Origin: From a spring in , at the foot of Pir Panjal Mountains. 1) Ravi (Iravati)  Joined by tributaries Vishaw, Romoushi, Dudganga, SukhnagLidar, Sind,  Origin: Southern slopes of Pir Panjal Ferozepur Nullah and Northern slopes of Dhauladar.  Flows Into: Wular .  Destination: Leaves the state near  SanskritName: Vitasta and enters Pakistan  Greek Name: Hydaspes  A Dam is also constructed on this

(II) Rivers of Region 2) Chenab (Chandarbhaga): The river is formed by the of two rivers, and 1) Sindh (Indus) Bhaga, at Tandi, in the Lahaul and Spiti district in the Indian state of . The  Origin: Glacier near Mansarovar Lake in Bhaga river originates from taal lake . (Near Baralacha la). The Chandra river  Tribuary: Its tributary is ladakh is known originates from glaciers east of the same pass as Nullah

 Origin: Pangi valley in Chamba 2) KishanGanga() (Baralacha)  Enter J&K at area  Origin: Krishnasar Lake  Several Hydroelectric projects are built  Enters valley and passes through on this river. Keran, , , Ghori.  It is also known as Asikni in  It joins Jhelum at Domel.

3) : The Suru River, a tributary of 3) Tawi is a river in the district of Ladakh region. It originates from the Panzella  Origin: Kali Kundi Glacier Sewajdhar in glacier which lies at pass near the Bhadarwah () Drang Drung Glacier.  It flows into Chenab near .  It is also known as “Surya-Putri”. 4) : Zanskar River is a north- flowing tributary of the Indus. In its upper 4) Ujh reaches, the Zanskar has two main branches. One of these, the , has its source  Origin: Ramkot near the Pensi-la. The second branch is formed

www.aspireadda.com by two main tributaries known as Kargyag river, Lakes of Jammu and Kashmir with its source near the 5,091 m (16,703 ft), and , with its source (I) Lakes of Jammu near the Baralacha-La. These two rivers unite below the village of Purne to form the Lungnak river (also known as the Lingti or Tsarap 1) Mansar: Also known as Mansarovar. There is of Sheshnag and Kali Mata. It is a 5) River: The Shyok River, a tributary of popular picnic spot. Newlyweds visit this place the Indus River, originates from the Rimo to take the blessings. This place has of Glacier, one of the tongues of . The river widens at the confluence with the Umapati Mahadev & Narsihma and also a River. It is also called “River of Death”. temple of Goddess .

6) Doda River: The Doda River originates from 2) Surinsar Lake : Located as 8 kms west of the Drang-Drung Glacier near Pensi La, a . mountain pass off the Zanskar-Kargil road, the Doda River is also known as Stod River.After Note: Surinsar-Mansar Lakes is designated as rising from its source, the Doda River flows Ramsar Convention in November 2005 southeast down along the Kargil - Zanskar road in the main Zanskar valley, through the towns of 3) Sanasar Lake: It is located near patnitop. Akshu, Abran, Kushol and . The river then passes a confluence with its tributary, the Tsarap River, at , the capital of Zanskar. (I) Lakes of Kashmir Together, these two rivers form the Zanskar River, a tributary of the Indus River. 1) : It is the Largest Lakes in Asia. In ancient times, Wular Lake was 7) Drass River: Drass River originates in the also called Mahapadmasar . Machoi Glacier near Zojila Pass, the gateway to also mentions it as Mahapadmasaras Ladakh.  Location: Bandipora 8) Nubra River: The Nubra River is a Tributary of  India Jhelum flows into it. Shyok River and Flows in ladakh region. On the  Tulbul Navigation Project was left is great range and on its right Saltro range. River merges with Shyok at constructed in Wular Lake. Lughzheum. 2) : Dal is a lake in , the

9) : Lidder River originates from summer capital of J&K.It is the second largest in Kolhoi Glacier near and gives rise to the state,and is integral to tourism and . It runs southwards through the recreation in Kashmir and is named "Srinagar's alpine meadows of Lidderwat in region of Aru, Jewel. Dal gate connects Dal Lake with Nagin from which it got its name. It meets the Jehlum Lake. River at Mirgund Khanabal near . It has crystal bluish water and is  Dal is mentioned as Mahasarit in situated in the center of Lidder Valley ancient Sanskrit texts

www.aspireadda.com 3) Mansabal Lake: It is located in 11) Nageen Lake: The lake is located adjacent District. The name mansabal is taken from to the hillock, to the west of the Dal Mansrovar. The Mughal garden, called the lake. Sometimes it is considered a part of the Jaroka built by Nur Jahan overlooks the lake. It Dal lake and is connected to it via a narrow is famous for Lotus and has Sobriquet as strait. "Supreme gem of all Kashmir Lakes". It is connected with Jhelum by a canal near Sumbal 13) Sokh and Dokh: Sokh and Dokh are two frozen lakes located at the Mountain and it is the deepest among all the lakes in in of Jammu and Kashmir. Kashmir. Legend says that the lakes are the two tear 4) Gangabal: It is a lake situated at the foothills drops of ; one a warmer one showing of Mount Haramukh. Also known as “Harmukh happiness and the other a cold drop indicating Ganga”. Located in Ganderbal District. grief.

5) Kausarnag: It lies in Pir Panjal. It is a 14) Krishansar Lake: The Krishansar Lake is an mountain lake, also known as “ Pad”. alpine high altitude oligotrophic lake situated in Located in . the vicinity of Sonamarg. It orginates due to melting of snow and glaciers. It drains out 6) Sheshnag: is Located EnRoute through a small stream which falls into the to Amarnath cave. Vishansar Lake and gives rise to Neelum River.

7) Neelnag: It is Located in district and 15) Vishnasar Lake: Vishansar in Kashmiri bounded by Dense forests. means the lake of Vishnu, situated in the 8) Anchar: The is a Swampy ares. vicinity of Sonamarg.It is fed by the Krishansar Sindh Nullah flows and leaves it. Located close Lake and glaciers. The Vishansar Lake is the to Ganderbal. source of Neelum River.

9) Tarsar and Marsar: The or Tar Sar (III) Lakes of Ladakh is an almond-shaped, lake situated in the 1) Lake: Located on the border of in Aru, . The Ladakh and Tibet. It is the largest salt water lake is separated by a mountain from another Lake of Asia. lake of the same nature known as Marsar Lake, which is in the vicinity of Dachigam National 2) : It is largest of the high altitude Park. lakes in the trans Himalayan biogeographic region, entirely with in India.  The Tarsar Lake is drained by an outlet stream which falls into the Lidder River  TSOKAR means salty lake in local  The Marsar Lake on the other hand language and salt was extracted from drains out and flows in the opposite this lake in earlier times, till the end of direction of the Tarsar Lake. 1959.

10) Hokarsar: 13 Km from Srinagar to Budgam Other Lakes of Ladakh Region are:

www.aspireadda.com  Answer: Jhelum  Q.7) Which of the following is the second  Pangong lake largest lake in the state of Jammu and Kashmir? Lakes and Rivers (Previous Years (2015)

Questions) Answer: Dal Lake

Q.1) Jhelum Rises from which place? Q.8) Which of the following lakes lies in the Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir state? 1. Gangotri (2015) 2. Jamini Hill 3. Dhaulagiri Answer: Mansar 4. Verinag Q.9) Which of the following is the source of Answer: Verinag river Tawi? (2015)

Q.2) What is the Origin of ? Answer: Kailash Kund

1. Srinagar Q.10) In which of the following districts of 2. Hemkund Jammu and Kashmir is the 3. Lahaul situated? (2015) 4. None of these Answer: Ganderbal Answer: Lahaul Q.11) Which one of the following lakes is Q.3) Mansabal is famous for? connected with Jhelum by a canal near Sumbal? (2015) Answer: Lotus (A) Mansabal Q.4) Which Lake is also Known as “Harmukh (B) Dal Ganga”? (C) Anchar (D) Gangabal Answer : Gangabal Answer: Mansabal Q.5) In which valley in Yarab TSO Lake Situated: Q.12) Which one of the following rivers is called a) Nubra Valley as Vetesta in Sanskrit? (2015) b) Sindh Valley c) Liddar Valley Answer: Jhelum d) Valley Q.13) The Greek name of River Jhelum in J&K Answer: Nubra Valley is? (2017)

Q.6) Which of the following rivers is known as Answer: Hydaspes 'The Veth'? (2015)

www.aspireadda.com Q.14) Over which Lake, Mughals have built 2 artificial Islands (2017) Answer:

Answer: Q.21) The source of which of the following rivers is the Kailash Kund Spring at Soej hills in Q.15) Which one of the following rivers is a Bhaderwah town of the Jammu and Kashmir Trans Himalayan River? (2017) state? (2018)

Answer: Indus Answer:

Q.16) Which river is also called River? Q.22) Which of the following rivers runs across (2017) the Ladakh area of Jammu and Kashmir and is a branch of the Suru River? (2018) Answer: Yapola (A) Doda Q.17) Which of the following rivers of Jammu (B) Drass and Kashmir has its source in Verinag spring in (C) Ravi Anantnag district? (2017) (D) Shingo

Answer: Jhelum Answer: Drass River Q.18) Ranjit Sagar Dam is built across which of the following rivers? (2017) Expected Questions on Rivers and Lakes of J&K Answer: Ravi 1) Which river in also known as Suryaputri? Q.19) Which of the following exquisite mountain stream flows through the valleys Ans Tawi River between the beautiful Chinamarg and Nurpur Pass in the State of Jammu and Kashmir (2008) 2) Which river is popularly known as “The Veth” in Local Language? A) Yousmarg B) Baisaran Ans Jhelum C) Ferozpur Nallah D) Betab Valley 3) Sindh (Indus) river has its tributary in Ladakh known as? Answer: Ferozpur Nallah Ans Zanskar Nallah Q.20) Which among the following is an oxbow type of Lake of Jammu and Kashmir and has 4) From where the Chenab Originates? probably originated by the meandering of the alluvial deposits? (2018) Ans Snowbed Baralacha (Pangi Valley in Chamba) A) Dal Lake B) Ahansar Lake 5) From where River Tawi Originates? C) Nilnag Lake D) Sheikhsar Lake

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Ans Kali Kundi Glacier near Sewajdhar in Ans Shyok River Baderwah (Doda District) 17) Origion of Nubra River? 6) At which point Kishanganga Joins Jehlum? Ans Sicahen Glacier Ans Domel 18) Which river is known as “Veetesta” in 7) From where river Jhelum Originates? Sanskrit?

Ans Spring in Verinag (Anantnag) Ans Jhelum

8) Which river is also known as “Chandrbhaga” 19) From Where the SHYOK River Originates

Ans Chenab Ans Rimo Glacier

9) What is the origion of Kishanganga river? 20) Nubra river is a tributary of which river?

Ans Drea Mountains (Drass) Ans Shyok River

10) River Ravi is also known as? 21) Kishanganaga river is also known as?

Ans Iravati Ans River

11) Which Lake is connected with Jhelum by a 22) Which river joins the Indus near Nimmu in canal near Sumbal ? Ladakh?

Ans Mansabal Lake Ans Zanskar river

12) From where Indus Originates? 23) At which place Nubra River merges with Shyok river? Ans Mansarovar Lake in Tibet Ans Lughzheum 13) Ujh River that flows in Kathua and then Enters Pakistan is branch of which river? 24) From where the Suru River Originates

Ans: Ravi Ans Penzella Galcier near Pensi la

14) Which river flows into Wular Lake? 25) Drass River is a tributary of which river?

Ans Jhelum Ans Suru River

15) Which river flows in Pahalgam? 26) Mansabal Lake is famous for

Ans Liddar River Ans Lotus

16) Which river is also called the “river of 27) Which is the largest fresh water Lake in Death”? Asia?

www.aspireadda.com Ans Wular lake 38) Which Lake is known as “Vishnupad”?

28) Which lake is Srinagar is a world famous Ans Tourist destination? 39) Which is the largest salt water lake of Asia? Ans Dal Lake Ans Pangong TSO 29) Which lake of Jammu Region has a 40) Mansar Lake is also known as? Sheshnag Temple? Ans Mansarovar Ans Mansar Lake 41) Which is the Deepest Lake in Kashmir? 30) Tulbul Navigation Project is built on which lake? Ans Mansabal lake

Ans Wular Lake 42) Where is Sansar Lake Located?

31) Name of “Mansabal” Lake is derived from Ans Patnitop

Ans Mansarovar 43) Which Lake is a source of water supply to 32) Which Lake is situated at the foothill of Srinagar city? Mount Harmukh Ans Harwan lake

Ans 44) In which district lake is situated?

33) Which lake is located enroute to Amarnath Ans Cave? 45) Which Lake is also known as “Harmukh Ans Sheshnag Ganaga”?

34) Where is Mansabal Lake situated? Ans Gangabal Lake

Ans Ganderbal District 46) Which are the main Tributaries of river Jhelum? 35) Neelnag Lake is located in which District? Ans Vishaw, Roumushi, Doodhganga, Sukhnag, Ans Budgam Lidar, Sind and Ferozpur nallah 36) Anchar Lake, located near the Soura area of Srinagar city is connected with the famous Dal 47) Marsar Lake flows into which river ? Lake via a channel known as? Ans Lidar

Ans Amir Khan Nallah 48) Sokh and Dokh Lakes, situated on Harmukh mountains is associated with which Hindu 37) Which Lake is shaped like an Almond? Diety? Ans Tarsar Lake in Aru, Anantnag

www.aspireadda.com Ans Goddess Parvati

49) Which Lake is located near the Mansar Lake in Jammu Region?

Ans Surinsar lake.

50) In which valley is Yarab Tso Lake situated?

Ans Nubra Valley 51) Which canal takes its water from the River

Jhelum and flows into the Wular lake.?

Ans Nur.

www.aspireadda.com Indus Water Treaty and Its Impact  India should let unrestricted flow of on State Economy water from western rivers to Pakistan.  It doesn’t mean that India can’t use This Topic of the Syllabus also has its important western river’s water. The treaty says place and questions from this section are asked that India can use the water in western in the previous year’s Papers. Given below are rivers in “non-consumptive” needs. the Questions from the Indus Water Treaty Here non consumptive means we can Section use it for irrigation, storage and even for electricity production. (But India has Not many Questions are asked from this not fully utilized this provision so far). section, But as the Topic is Currently in News, so  The treaty allocates 80% of water from we expect in the upcoming Exams, we may see the six-river Indus water system to 1 Or 2 Questions from this section Pakistan.  A Permanent Indus Commission was set  Indus Water Treaty happened in which th up as a bilateral commission to year. : 19 Sept, 1960 implement and manage the Treaty. Note: This Question is asked in 2013 and 2014  Though Indus originates from Tibet, Exams. In 2015, two exams were held, in which has been kept out of the Treaty. there was No question from Indus Water treaty. India-Pak Disputes Connecting Indus: Indus Water Treaty: An Introduction Timeline

The Indus Water Treaty (IWT) is a water- 1) 1948: India cuts off supply in most canals distribution treaty between India and Pakistan that went to Pakistan. But restores it later. signed on September 19, 1960. The treaty was signed by the then Prime Minister Jawaharlal 2) 1951: Pakistan accuses India of cutting water Nehru and Pakistan’s President Ayub Khan. It to many of its villages. was brokered by the World Bank (International 3) 1954: Word Bank comes up with a water- Bank for Reconstruction and Development). sharing formula for two countries. he (IWT) deals with river 4) 1960: Indus Waters Treaty signed. Indus and its five tributaries, which are classified in 2 categories: 5) 1970’s: India starts building hydropower projects in Kashmir. Pakistan raises concern. EASTERN RIVERS: Beas Ravi 6) 1984: Pakistan objects over India building WESTERN RIVERS: Jhelum Chenab Indus Tulbul barrage on Jhelum. India stops it  According to treaty, all the water of unilaterally. eastern rivers shall be available for 7) 2007: Pakistan raises concern over unrestricted use in India. Kishanganga hydroelectric plant.

www.aspireadda.com 8) 2008: Lashkar-e-Taiba starts campaign Pakistan agriculture. The project can against India. Its chief Hafiz Saeed accuses India create problems for Pakistan’s triple- of water terrorism. canal project that connects Jhelum- Chenab with Upper Bari Doab Canal. 9) 2010: Pakistan accuses India of choking water With a barrage, India controls release of supply consistently. water into Jhelum, which could trigger a 10) 2016: India reviews working of Indus Waters flood or drought in POK and Pakistan. Treaty linking it with cross-border terrorism (Uri attack). Important Points of Indus Water Treaty Tulbul Project: By India 1) It is a water sharing treaty between India and  The Tulbul project is a “navigation lock- Pakistan. cum-control structure” at the mouth of the lake, located on the . It 2) The Mediator of this Treaty is World Bank, is a key intra-state channel to ferry previously known as International Bank for state’s goods and people. Reconstruction and Development.  The idea is to ensure year-round 3) Date of Signing the Treaty: 19th Sept, 1960 navigation along the 20-km stretch from Anantnag to Srinagar and 4) Treaty is signed by Jawahal Lal Nehru and Baramulla, and on the 22 km-stretch Ayub Khan between and Baramulla that becomes non-navigable in winter with 5) President of World Bank at the time of water depth of only 2.5 ft (to sustain signing the treaty: E.R Black navigation through the year a minimum 6) Concept of Indus Water Treaty was given by: depth of water in the lake is necessary). Mr. David Lilienthal  The project envisages water release from lake to maintain minimum draught 7) Rivers Involved in this Treaty: of 4.5 feet in Jhelum.  India had started constructing a 439  Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum and feet long barrage at the lake’s mouth. Chenab  India unilaterally suspended the Tulbul  Eastern Rivers: Ravi, Beas and Sutlej project (Islamabad calls it Wullar Main Provisions of Indus Water Treaty Barrage) in 1987 after Pakistan objected. 1) The Indus System of Rivers involved 3  The decision to review the suspension Westerns Rivers (Jhelum, Chenab and Indus) signalled the Modi government’s intent and 3 Eastern rivers (Ravi, Sutlej and Beas) to revive it irrespective of Pakistan’s protests. 2) This Treaty provides the Rules for sharing of  Implication: India gets to control Waters of these rivers between Indian and Jhelum water, but that may impact Pakistan

www.aspireadda.com 3) Under the Treaty, the Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Indus Water Treaty (Previous Years Sutlej and Beas) are allocated to India for Questions) exclusive use, before they enter Pakistan. However, a transition, period of 10 years was Q.1) Indus water treaty happened in? permitted in which India, is bound to give water to Pakistan from these rivers, until Pakistan was Answer: Sept, 1960 able to build the canal system for using the Q.2) Which institution stepped in to Resolve the waters of Westerns Rivers (Jhelum, Chenab and Indus Water treaty ? Indus) Answer: World Bank 4) Similarly, Pakistan has the exclusive use of Westerns Rivers (Jhelum, Chenab and Indus) but Q.3) When was Indus Water treaty Signed? with some conditions, for development of Power Projects in these rivers by India. Answer: 1960

5) Pakistan also received one time Q.4) The Indus Water Treaty was signed at compensation for the Loss of Water from the Karachi by Field Marshal Mohammad Ayub Eastern Rivers. Khan, the then President of Pakistan, Shri Jawaharlal Nehru, the then Indian Prime 6) A Permanent Indus Commission would be set Minister on ? up with the Commissioners from both the th countries. Answer: 19 Sept, 1960 (2017)

Impact of Indus Water Treaty on J&K’s Q.5) The waters of river Ravi along with which Economy of the following five rivers keeps India and Pakistan under the Indus Water Treaty? (2017) 1) J&K suffered a lot due to this treaty. The Answer Jhelum, Chenab, Indus, Beas, Sutlej state rich in water resources in facing acute shortage of power in winter months. Expected Questions on Indus Water 2) J&K suffered huge loss for not using the Treaty waters of Jhelum, Chenab and Indus for 1) Indus Water treaty is a water sharing treaty Cultivation, Power Generation and Navigation between which countries? purposes. Ans India and Pakistan 3) Construction of Tulbul Navigation project, in order to raise the level of water in Wular Lake 2) Which International Organization acts as a was stopped in 1984, due to this treaty. Mediator between India and Pakistan, in the Indus Water treaty? 4) Generation capacity of all run of the river projects fall by 65% to 75 %. Ans World Bank, previously known as International Bank for Reconstruction and Development.

www.aspireadda.com 3) On which Date, Indus Water treaty was 11) What is the duration of transition period in signed? which India was bound to supply water to Pakistan from eastern rivers? Ans 19th Sept, 1960 Ans 10 years 4) Who were the Signatories to the Indus Water Treaty? 12) Who is the governing body for Indus Water treaty? Ans Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru and General Ayub Khan. Ans Indus Water Commission

5) Who had given the concept of Indus Water 13) Who was the President of Pakistan at the treaty? time of singing the treaty?

Ans David Lilienthal. He was an American Ans Ayub Khan attorney and Public Administrator. 14) Which Indian navigation project is stopped 6) Who was the president of World Bank at the in 1984 due to Indus Water treaty? time of singing the treaty? Ans Tulbul Navigation Project Ans E. R Black 15) Which Indian state is worst affected by the 7) Which rivers are involved in Indus Water Indus Water treaty? treaty? Ans Jammu and Kashmir Ans Western Rivers: Indus, Jhelum and Chenab 16) Which country received one time Eastern Rivers: Ravi, Sutlej and Beas Compensation, as per the Indus Water Treaty?

8) As per the provisions of treaty, India was Ans Pakistan given control of which rivers? 17) Why the 10 year Transitions period was Ans Eastern Rivers (Ravi, Sutlej and beas) given to Pakistan?

9) Which rivers are allocated to Pakistan for its Ans For Building the Canal system for Western exclusive use? rivers.

Ans Western Rivers (Chenab, Jhelum and 18) When did the 10 year Transition period Sindh) ended?

10) How much water India can use from the Ans 31st March, 1970 Indus River? 19) In case of dispute between 2 countries Ans 20% regarding Indus Water treaty, who is the next higher authority to intervene?

Ans International Court

www.aspireadda.com 20) Recently Pakistan had approached World Bank flagging concerns for which power project?

Ans Kishanganaga project

www.aspireadda.com Power Projects of Jammu and 5) The Private company that looks after the Kashmir Power Projects in J&K is Jammu and Kashmir state Power Development This part of the Syllabus, is very much limited to Corporation Limited (JKSPDSL) , that was specific Questions and in every Paper, you will formed in 1995 to look after all the Power see 2-3 Questions from this section. Topic is not stations and Power Projects in J&K. lengthy and limited to specific information only 6) JKSPDSL has also to its credit the First Gas .Questions from this section are asked as. Turbine located in near Srinagar with an Installed capacity of 175 MW 1. Installed Capacity of Power Projects 2. Location of Power Projects 3. River on which Power Project is Built etc Important Power Projects Associated with Rivers Difficulty Level of Questions is Easy to Moderate. Name of the River Power Project Important Points on Power Projects in 1) Baglihar Chenab 2) Chenani (Tawi) J&K 3) Salal-1 and 2 4) Dul Hasti According to the Jammu and Kashmir Power 5) Kirthai (Upcoming) Development Corporation, the estimated hydro 6) Ratle (Under power potential of the state is 20,000 Construction Megawatts (MW), of which about possible 7) Pakal Dul (Proposed) sources for 16,475 MW have been identified. Jhelum 1) Uri-I and Uri-II These comprise 11,283 MW from the Chenab 2) Lower Jhelum basin, 3,084 MW from the Jhelum basin, 500 3) Upper Sindh-II MW from the Ravi basin and 1,608 MW from Ravi Sewa-II the Indus basin. Out of the identified potential, Ranjit Sagar Dam only 3263.46 MW has been exploited so far, Suru Chutak consisting of 1211.96 MW in state sector from Sindh Nallah Ganderbal 21 power projects, 2009 MW in central sector (Tributary of Jhelum) from seven projects and 42.5 MW in private Indus Nimo Bazgo sector from four projects. SEWA-III Dhumkar (proposed) 1) 9 Mega watt Mohra Hydroelectric plant of Wakharong Iqbal (Kargil) J&K is first of its kind in sub-continent. Sindh and Wangath Upper Sindh 2) Estimated hydro power potential of state is Nallah Kishanganaga Kishangana Power Project 3) The Installed capacity of Thermal as well as

Hydel is 956.20 Megawatt 4) 98% of villages in J&K are electrified.

www.aspireadda.com Installed Capacity of Various Power Power Projects (Under State Sector) Projects 1) Baghlihar (900MW) : Baglihar Hydroelectric Name of Name of Location Power Project, is a run-of-the-river power the Power the River (District) project on the Chenab River in the Doda district Project of Jammu and Kashmir. It was commissioned in 2008-09 Salal Chenab  Stage-1 (450MW): Completed in 2004 Dul Hasti Chenab  Stage-2 (450 MW): Completed in 2008

Baglihar-I Chenab Doda 2) Lower Jhelum (105 MW): Lower Jhelum is a run of the river project on Jhelum river located Baglihar-II Chenab Doda in Baramullla District of J&K. It was commissioned in 1978-79. Uri-I Jhelum Baramulla 3) Upper Sindh-II(105 MW): Upper Sindh-II Uri-II Jhelum Baramulla commissioned in 2002-02 is a 105 MW Hydro Lower Jhelum Baramulla Power Project located in Kangan Tehsil of Jhelum Ganderbal District. A similar project Upper Upper Jhelum Sindh-I commissioned in 1973-74 having Sindh-II Installed capacity of 22.6MW is also Kishangan Kishenga Bandipora operational. ga naga river 5) Sawalkote (1856 MW): Sawalkote Sewa-II Ravi Kathua hydroelectric project (Proposed) is run-of-the- river hydro power project in Ramban and Chutak Suru Kargil districts of Jammu and Kashmir . The Nimo Indus Sawalkot project was approved at a meeting Bazgo held on February 20, 2017. Dhumkar Indus Leh Pakal Dul Chenab Kishtwar 6) Ratle (850 MW) : Ratle Hydroelectric Plant (Proposed) (Under Construction) is a run-of-the-river Ratle Chenab Kishtwar hydroelectric power station currently under Kirthai-1 Chenab Kishtwar construction on the Chenab River, downstream Kirthai-2 Chenab Kishtwar of the village of Ratle, near in Kiru Chenab Kishtwar of the Indian state of Jammu Kwar Chenab Kihtwar and Kashmir. A Memorandum of Understanding Ratle Chenab Kishtwar (MoU) was exchanged among NHPC Limited, Jammu & Kashmir State Power Development Sawalkote Chenab Ramban & Udhmapur Department (JKPDD) and J&K State Power Development Corporation (JKSPDC) for execution of 850 MW Ratle Hydroelectric

www.aspireadda.com

Project in the presence of Prime Minister, tributary of Indus river). It is located in Uri tehsil at Vijaypur in of of of Jammu & Kashmir Jammu on 3 February 2019 4) Dul Hasti (390 MW): Dulhasti power station 7) Kirthai-II (930 MW) : Kirthai-II is run-of-the-river with pondage scheme with project is a run of river project an installed capacity of 390 MW (3 X 130MW) coming up in the Kishtwar district of Jammu and to harness the hydropower potential of river Kashmir having installed capacity of 990 MW. Chenab. It is located in Kishtwar district of Jammu & Kashmir. 8) Kirtha-I(390 MW): Kirthai-I with installed capacity of 390 MW is located in the Kishwtar 5) Sewa-II(120 MW): Sewa-II Power Station (3 X District of J&K. DPR for Kirthai-I project is under 40 MW) is Run of River Scheme with Small appraisal at CEA while as Kirthsai-II has been Pondage’ to harness the hydro power potential appraised by the CEA of river Sewa. It is located in District Kathua of J&K 9) Lower Kalnai (48 MW) : Proposed to be built on River Chenab in Doda District of Jammu and 6) Nimmo-Bazgo(45MW): Nimoo Bazgo power Kashmir. It is proposed to divert the water from station(3x15MW) is a run of the river scheme lower kalnai Nallah at Dunadi through a 4.25 with small pondage to harness the hydropower Km long tunnel. potential of river Indus in of Jammu & Kashmir near village Power Projects (Under Central Sector, NHPC) 7) Chutak (44MW): Chutak power station is run-of-the-river scheme with an installed 1) Salal (690 MW): Salal power station is run-of- capacity of 44 MW(4X11 MW) to harnesses the the-river scheme with an installed capacity of Hydropower potential of river Suru (a tributary 690 MW (Stage-I of 3 x115 MW & Stage-II 3 X of Indus river) which is located in 115 MW) to harnesses the Hydropower of Ladakh region of Jammu & Kashmir. potential of river Chenab. It is located in Reasi 8) Kishanganaga (330 MW): Kishanganga Power district of Jammu & Kashmir. station (3x110MW) is located on Kishanganga 2) URI-I (480) : Uri power station is run-of-the- River, a tributary of river Jhelum in Bandipora river scheme with an installed capacity of 480 District of Jammu & Kashmir. MW (4 X 120 MW) to harnesses the 9) Bursar (800 MW): The Bursar Hydroelectric Hydropower potential of river Jhelum. It is Project is a storage project in which the flow of located in Baramulla district of Jammu & water can be regulated not only to the benefit Kashmir . of this project but all downstream projects i.e. 3) URI-II (240 MW): Uri-II power station is run- Pakal Dul, Dul Hasti, Rattle, Baglihar, Sawalkot of-the-river scheme with an installed capacity of and Salal Hydroelectric Projects, thereby 240 MW (4 X 60 MW) to harnesses the enhancing the potential of all downstream Hydropower potential of river Jhelum (a schemes. The dam site is located near village

www.aspireadda.com Pakal on river Marusudar which is one of the Power Projects of J&K (Previous Years major tributary of river Chenab Questions)

Joint Venture Projects (CVPPPL) Q.1) What is the Installed capacity of URI-II Hydel Power Project? Chenab Valley Power Projects Private Ltd (CVPPPL) is a Joint Venture Company among Answer: 240 MW NHPC (49%), JKSPDC (49%) and PTC India Ltd. (2%), formed at the initiative of Government of Q.2) is built on which river J&K and Government of India to harness the Answer: Jhelum vast hydro potential of river Chenab. The Company has been incorporated on 13.06.2011. Q.3) Which of the following rivers serves for Salal hydel project of Jammu and Kashmir? CVPP has been entrusted with construction of (2015) following projects 1) Jhelum 1) Pakal Dul (1000 MW): Pakal Dul Dam is a 2) Indus proposed concrete-face rock-fill dam on the 3) Ravi Marusadar River, a tributary of the Chenab 4) Chenab River, in Kishtwar district of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.Foundation stone of the Answer: Chenab project has been laid by Hon'ble Prime Minister of India on 19.05.2018. Q.4) In which of the districts of Jammu and Kashmir, is the Chutak Hydroelectric project 2) Kiru Project (624 MW): Kiru Hydro Electric located? (2015) Project (624 MW) is proposed on River Chenab, located in Kishtwar district of the Jammu & Answer: Kargil Kashmir. It is located in Village Kiru / Pathrnakki Q.5) What type of project is Sewa-III in district Kishtwar The works to be started Hydroelectric Project? (2015) soon. Foundation stone of the project has been laid by Hon’ble Prime Minister of India on 1) Moderate 03.02.2019. 2) Major 3) Small 3) Kwar HE Project (540 MW): Kwar Hydro 4) Large Electric Project (540 MW) is proposed on River Chenab, located in Kishtwar district of the Answer: Small Jammu & Kashmir. The project is envisaged as a Run of River Scheme. Tendering process is in Q.6) The Chutak Hydro- electric Project is progress and Investment approval is awaited. established on which river? (2015)

4) DulHasti (Phase-II) (550 MW): DPR Answer: Suru River preparation work to be initiated. Q.7) Which private limited company has been incorporated by the government of Jammu and

www.aspireadda.com Kashmir to take care of various power projects? Q.15) Chutak Hydro Electric Power plant in the (2015) Kargil district, is located on which of the following rivers in J&K? (2017) Answer: JKSPDCL Answer: Suru Q.8) What is the power generating capacity of Dumkhar HEP constructed over river Indus on Q.16) According to JKSPDCL,in 2016, the state economy of J&K? (2015) estimated hydropower potential of Jammu and Kashmir is 20,000 Megawatts (MW), of which Answer: 45 MW about 16475 MW have been from? (2017)

Q.9) What is the total power generation Answer: Chenab Basin capacity of Jammu and Kashmir under central Q.17) Which of the following statement is and state sectors as on June 2015? (2015) INCORRECT with respect to the Pakal Dul (Drangdhuran) Hydroelectric Project? (2017) Answer : 2672.20 A) Its proposed location is Kishtwar district of Q.10) Installed capacity of URI-1 Dam is : Jammu and Kashmir B) It has an estimated capacity of 2000 MW Answer: 480MW C) It envisages a 167-metre high concrete face rockfill dam Q.11) Which hydro-electric power project is D) It is proposed to be constructed on the located immediately downstream of Lower Marusudar river Jhelum Power: Answer: It has an estimated capacity of 2000 MW Answer: URI-1

Q.18) Sawalkote hydropower project of Jammu Q.12) Over which river is Baghlihar Power plant and Kashmir is located in which of the following built? river basins? (2018) A) Beas Answer Chenab B) Sutlej C) Jhelum Q.13) Which Power project located in the D) Chenab of J&K, contributes to the major power generation, with an installed Answer: Chenab capacity of generating 690 MW as on year 1995 ? (2017) Q.19) Which of the following power project in

Jammu and Kashmir is located on Suru river Answer: Salal which is also a tributary of the river Indus? (2018) Q.14) Uri Dam on the Jhelum River is located in which of the following district of Jammu and Answer: Chutak Kashmir? (2017)

Answer Baramulla

www.aspireadda.com Expected Questions on Power Projects 8) Which of the Projects does not fall under of Jammu and Kashmir Chenab basin? Ans: Karnah 1) The Total Installed Capacity of Jammu and Kashmir in term of Power Generation is? 9) Iqbal Hydroelectric Project is located on which river? Ans: 2579.49 MW Ans: Wakharong 2) Which of the following countries is associated with Indus Water Treaty? 10) When was the Jammu and Kashmir State Power Development Corporation Limited is Ans: India and Pakistan corporate? 3) From which year the village electrification Ans: 16th Feb, 1995 programme was made a part of Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana? 11) The Hydroelectricity in Jammu and Kashmir is not being fully harnessed due to which of the Ans: 2001-02 following reasons 4) Which of the organizations, act as a Nodal Ans (a) Long gestation periods for hydro agency for the development of small hydro power projects power potential in the state of J&K (b) Skewed Tariff Profile Ans: State Power Development Corporation (c ) Unavailability of Reliable Hydrological 5) The 120 MW Hydro Power Project SEWA-II of data. NHPC in the basholi belt of J&K is located on which of the following rivers? 12) “Kiru” Power project and “Kawar” Power project which has the capacity of 600 WM and Ans: Ravi 520 MW respectively has been taken by which 6) Which of the projects have been handed over of the following corporations? to NHPC for execution? Ans: Jointly by JKSPDC , NHPC and Power Ans: i) URI HEP II Trading Corporation ii) Bursar II 13) Which of the following statements is/are correct about Jammu and Kashmir State Power iii) Sewa II HEP Development Corporation Limited?

7) Which treaty prohibits reservoir storage of a) It plan, promote and organize an integrated water on major rivers of Jammu and Kashmir? and efficient development of power and all its Ans Indus Water Treaty aspects

www.aspireadda.com b) Investigation, research, design and Ans: 20,000 MW preparation of preliminary feasibility and 18) Power Projects along the River basins detailed project reports. c) Construction of Transmission lines and Project Name of Basin ancillary works for timely and coordinated Chutak Suru supply of power Baglihar Chenab Kishanganga Jhelum d) All the Above SEWA II River at Maska Ans: All the Above

14) Consider the Following statements 19) Which sector has shown the highest (I) Jammu and Kashmir is one of the energy increase in power consumption in the state? starved states of the country Ans: Domestic (II) The state generates just 25% of the actual 20) When did the Jammu and Kashmir demand for electricity micro/mini hydro power projects came into Which of the following statements is/are true? Existence?

(a) Only I Ans: 2011

(b) Only II 21) Villages in Ladakh are dependent on which of the following for its electricity needs? (c) Both I and II Ans Diesel sets (d) None of the above. 22) Solar Energy can be used for which of the Ans: Both I and II following purposes?

15) Which of the following is a part of power Ans Cooking, Water Pumping, street Lightning projects of Jhleum Basin? etc

Ans: Sewa 23) Salal Hydro Project is located on which river? 16) Which centrally Government sponsored scheme provides for Rural Electrification in the Ans: Chenab state? 24) How much power is estimated to be Ans: Prime Minister’s Gramodaya Yojana generated from the geothermal energy?

17) J&K has abundant water resources and Ans: 40 MW great potential for hydro power, estimated at over

www.aspireadda.com 25) The JKSPDCL is perusing the development of Geo-Thermal Project in Puga Valley in which of Ans Jhelum the following regions? 35) Name the Power Projects Operational on Ans: Ladakh Chenab River?

26) Which of the following are Non- Ans Salal, Baghlihar and Dul Hasti (390 MW) Conventional sources of energy? 36) What is the Installed capacity of Salal Ans All these (Solar Energy, Geo Thermal Hyodro electric Project? Energy and Photo Voltaic Technology Ans 690 MW 27) Solar energy has provisions as an income source for 37) Where is Nimo Bazgo Power Project Installed? Ans: Entrepreneurs Ans Indus (In Leh) 28) What is the increased consumption of power in Industrial sector? 38) What is the Installed Capcity of URI-I and URI-II? Ans: 59.39% Ans URI-I: 480 MW 29) Puga valley in ladakh region is a potential URI-II: 240 MW source for 39) Where is Kishanganaga Power Project Ans: Geothermal energy Located?

30) Solar Photovoltaic technology is the Ans Bandipora (Capacity: 330 MW) conversion of 40) Where is Pakal Dul Dam Projected? Ans: Solar energy into Electricity Ans Chenab (Kishtwar) Capacity: 1000 MW 31) Which is the First Hydro Electric Project of J&K 41) Over which river Ratle Power Project is Ans Mohra Hydro Electric Project (Estd. 1905) projected to be built?

32) Which is currently the biggest Power Ans Chenab River (Doda District) Generation Project of J&K? 42) What is Installed Capacity of Ratle Power Ans Salal Hydro Electric Project Project?

33) What is the Installed capacity of Baghlihar-I? Ans 850 MW

Ans 450 MW 43) What is the Installed capacity of Nimmo Bazgo Power Project? 34) Uri Dam is built on which river?

www.aspireadda.com Ans 45 MW 53) Where Stakna Hyrdo electric project is built? 44) Which company is working on the development of Nimmo Bazo Power Project? Ans Leh (Sind Nallah)

Ans Developed by NHPC while BHEL has 54) What is the installed capacity of URI-II? executed Electro mechanical works. Ans: 240 MW 45) Over which river Chutak Power Project is built? 55) In which district Kishanganga Power Project is located? Ans Suru River (A Tributary of Indus) in Kargil Ans Bandipora 46) What is the Installed capacity of Chutak

Power Project?

Ans 44MW

47) Where Dhumkar Dam is projected to be built?

Ans Leh District over Indus River

48) What is proposed installed capacity of Dhumkar Dam?

Ans 45MW

49) Where in J&K, JKSPDSL has bult the First ever Gas Turbine?

Ans Pampore with capacity of 175 MW

50) In which year, JKSPDS was incorporated as Private Limited Company in J&K?

Ans 16th Feb, 1995.

51) What is the estimated Hydro Potential of

J&K in terms of power generation?

Ans 20000 MW

52) Over which river, Ranjit Sagar Dam Power Project is built?

Ans Ravi in Shahpur Kandi

www.aspireadda.com Tourist and Historical Destinations of 13) Adobe of Fairies: Pari Mahal

J&K 14) Jewel in the Crown of Kashmir:Dal Lake

If we go weightage wise, then most questions 15) Supreme gem of all Kashmir Lakes: are asked from this Topic. Actually, these are 2 Mansabal Topics: Tourist Destinations and Places of Historical Importance. Popular Tourist Places of Kashmir Region Every year, 5-6 Questions are asked from this topic and If go through it, you fill find it is one of 1) Hari Parbat Fort : Also known as Koh-e- High Scoring Topics in J&K GK Maran, it is a Hill overlooking Srinagar, the Questions in these topics are framed as summer capital of J&K.   Popular Names of Tourist and Historical It is also the sight of Durani Fort: The First Fortification of the site was Places constructed by Akbar in 1590, who built  Location of these places. a wall and had plans to establish a New  Names associated with Important capital called “Nager Nagor” Places etc  Constructed by Afghan Governor Atta Popular Names of Various Places of J&K Mohammad Khan from 1776 onwards  It has Sharika Mata Temple and Shrine 1) Venice of East: Srinagar of Hamza Makhdoom.  The Place also had a famous 2) Chotta Kashmir: Baderwah Gurdudwara known as “Chhati 3) Red Land: Ladakh Patshahi”

4) City of Temples: Jammu 2) Shankracharaya Temple: Also known as Jyeshtwara Temple and Takht-e-Sulemian, is 5) Land of Springs: Budgam situated on the Top of Gopadri Hills in the Zawarban Mountain range. It was visited by Adi 6) Village of Shephards: Pahalgam Shankara and has ever since been associated 7) Meadon of Gold: Sonamarg with him, this is how the temple got the name Shankaracharya 8) Meadow of Folwers:  Originally built by the Hindu king 9) Rice Bowl of Kashmir: Kulgam "Sandiman" and repaired by King 10) Home of Ambri(Apple): Gopaditya and by King Lalitaditya  constructed the Stone 11) Jammu Hills: shivalik stairs unto the temple  Temple is dedicated to Hindu Diety Lord 12) Sangam: Vishaw, Rambiaram and Jhleum

www.aspireadda.com 3) Shrine: Located on the left bank of  Harwan run throughs the middle of this Dal lake and considered to be Kashmir’s most garden holiest shrine  Also Known by the name of Farah Baksh, and Faiz Baksh  It is well known for the relic Moi-e- Muqqadus, the hair of Prophet 7) Bagh: It is the second largest Mughal Mohammad. garden in the Srinagar city. It is built on the  Relic was First brought to India by Syed concept of Persian Gardens. Abdullah   Syed hamid son of Syed Abdullah sold it Built by Asif Khan, Brother of Noon- to Kashmiri Businessman Khawaja-Nur- Jahan. ud-Din Eshai  Built in 1633 AD.  Till Date, male descentants of Khwaja- 8) Chashm-e-Shahi: It is also one the Mughal Noor-ud-din are the caretakers of holy gardens, located in the Zawarban range, near Relic. Raj Bhawan, overlooking Dal Lake

4) Khanqah-e-Molla: It is a Muslim shrine  Laid down by Shah-Jahan in 1632 AD as located in the Old Srinagar city on the banks of a gift to his son Dara Shikon. river Jhelum. It is the first ever Mosque built in  It is known for its Digestive water. Srinagar.  The garden was constructed around  Built by Sultan Sikander in the memory the spring by the Mughal Governor Ali of Syed Ali Hamdani Mardan Khan in 1632.  First Built in 1395 and later Re-built in 9) Gulmarg : It is a world famous tourist spot in 1732 AD the Baramulla District of Kashmir. 5) Khir- Bhawani Temple: It is famous Hindu  Popularly known as Meadow of Flowers temple dedicated to Goddess Bhawani  It is famous for winter sports and  Located in the village of Tul Mul near famous for Golf hikes. Srinagar 10) Sonamarg: It is hill station in the Ganderbal  As a custom, Kheer (Rice Pudding) is district of J&K and is a place of enthralling offered to the Goddess that is why it is beauty. called .  Also known as Meadow of Gold. 6) Shalimar Bagh: It is beautiful garden in the Srinagar City with small lakes and shallow 11) Martand : It is heritage Hindu terraces. It is the Largest of the Mughal Temple dedicated to Lord Sun located in Gardens. It is also called the "Crown of Anantnag. Srinagar"  Built by third ruler of ,  Built by Jehangir in 1619 AD for his wife Lalitaditya Muktapida in 8th Century CE. Nur Jahan

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 The Archaeological Survey of India has 3) Amar Mahal : Also known as Hari Palace. It is declared the as a located on the banks of Tawi river, which is now site of national importance in Jammu been converted into a Museum. It is built for and Kashmir. Amar Singh by a French Architect, completed in  It was destroyed during the sultanate of 1890. Sikandar Butshikan 4) Bahu Fort: It is located in Jammu city and 12) Jama Masjid: Jam Masjid of Srinagar is one close to Religious Shrine of Mata Kali, popularly of the most sacred places, situated at known as “Bawe Wali Mata.” in the heart of old city  Built by Raja Bahulochan, some 3000  Built by Sultan Sikander in 1394 AD and years ago and was rebuilt by Dogra completed by 1402 rulers in 19th Century.  It is heritage site, declared by the J&K 13) Avantipura: Avantipora has a number of Government, and is proposed by linked ancient Hindu temples, built by king Awanti by rope with Mubharakh Mandi. Varman. The place is known for the presence of 2 temples 5) Bhimgarh Fort: Bhimgarh Fort, generally known as the Reasi Fort, is near Reasi, a town  Avintishwar temple dedicated to Lord approximately 64 km northwest of Jammu. Shiva  Awantiswamin is dedicated to lord  One of the heirs of Maharaj Rishipal Vishnu Rana, the founder of Reasi, reconstructed it using stone Tourist Places of Jammu Region  In 1989, the fort was handed over to the state archealogy department. 1) Raghunath Mandir: It is famous , located in the heart of Jammu city 6) Nanagl Sahib Gurudwara: It is one the oldest shrines of shikh community, located in the  Construction was started by Raja Gulab Poonch district of Jammu and Kashmir Singh in 1835  Completed by Raja Ranbir Singh in 7) Panchbkhtar Temple: Panchbhaktar means 1860. Five faces. It is one of the oldest temples,  Temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu located in Jammu city, dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is also said that Lingam in the temple is self- 2) Mata Vaishno Shrine: It is one of the manifested. It is said that Adi Shankaracharya oldest shrines in India and every year 80 lakh to visited the place and stayed there. Some say 1 crore pilgrims visit the holy site that it was discovered much later during the reign of Raja Maldev.  Located on the Trikuta Hills.  The holy cave is at a distance of 13 Kms 8) Ranvireshwar Temple: It is also considered from Katra, the basecamp of Mata to be one of the oldest temples, dedicated to . Lord Shiva

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 Constructed by Raja Ranbir Singh in 2) Zanskar Valley: It is well known for its high 1883. hills and gorgeous Gompas, Lovely Landscapes  The temple is famous for Long Shiv and Buddhist culture. Lingams of crystals measuring from 12”  It is also the home to the wonderful to 18”. Drang Drung’ Glacier. 9) Shahdra Sharief: It is shrine of Baba Ghulam  There is also a Penzella Pass that shah, located in the Rojouri District of J&K. It is Divides Zanskar valley with Nubra popular tourist spot and symbol of communal valley. harmony as , Muslims and Sikhs, visit this 3) Shanti Stupa: Shanti Stupa is a Buddhist place to have the blessings of Peer. white-domed stupa (chorten) on a hilltop in 10 Purmandal: Located at a distance of 40 Km Chanspa, Leh district. from Jammu, is a temple devoted to Lord Shiva.

Also known as “Chota Kashi”, it is located on the 1. It was built in 1991 by Japanese Buddhist Bhikshu, Gyomyo Nakamura banks of River Devak. and part of the Peace Pagoda mission. 11) : Shivkhori is a famous cave shrine of Hindus devoted to lord Shiva, located in the 4) Monastery:It is one of the biggest Gompa of Ladakh. There is a Statue of Guru Ransoo a village in the Pouni block in Reasi Rinpoche (Padmasambhava). district. A 3-day Shiv Khori mela takes places annually on Maha Shivratri and thousands of 2. It also has the largest thanka (Scroll pilgrims from different parts of the state and Paintind on silk) which is unfurled once outside visit this cave shrine to seek blessings of in 12 years. Lord Shiva 5) Jama Masjid: Situated in Leh town, built in 12) Patnitop: Patnitop is a hilltop tourist 1666-67 AD, as per an agreement between, location in Udhampur district in Jammu and Emperor Aurengzeb and the ruler of Ladakh Kashmir on the Jammu-Srinagar National Deldan Namgyal. Highway Patnitop offers overwhelming view of the Shivalik Range. It is one destination in 6) Alchi Monastary: or Alchi Jammu region that is widely acclaimed for its Gompa is a Buddhist monastery of temples in immense beauty and the abundant fun Alchi village in the Leh District. It was built by activities great Translator Guru Rinchen Zangpo.

Tourist Places of Ladakh Region 7) : , also better as Spituk Gompa or Pethup Gompa, is a Buddhist 1) Nubra Valley: The beautiful valley of Nubra is monastery in Leh district, Ladakh. It was one of the most scenic places in the Ladakh founded by Od-de, the elder brother of Lha Region. The Shyok River meets the Nubra or Lama Changchub Od when he came to Siachan River to form a large valley that in the 11th Century. separates the Ladakh and Karakoram Ranges.

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8) Phyang: The monastery is situated 17 Kms Q.3) What was the name of the First Mosque from leh on the leh Kargil road. It was built by that was constructed in Ladakh Region? Tashi Namgyal in 16th Century AD. The Gompa belongs to the Red cap sect of the Buddhists. a) Jama Masjid b) Hazratbal Shrine 9) Leh Palace: The palace is a distinguished c) Shah-i-Hamdan monument and a historical building. The nine d) Jamia Masjid storeyed building was built by the 17th century illustrious ruler of ladakh Sengge Namgyal. Answer Jama Masjid

10) Drass (Gateway to Ladakh): Drass is a Q.4) The Amar Mahal palace planned by a French Architest in1862 is located on which town in the Kargil District of Indian state of river? Jammu and Kashmir between pass and Kargil town. Drass is claimed to be the second a) Tawi coldest place in the world after Siberia. Winter b) Nubra Temperartures sometimes go down to 40 c) Jhelum Degree celcuis. d) Indus

11) Gompa: Stok Monastary or Stok Answer: Tawi River Gompa is a budddist monsatry in leh district . It was founded by Lama Lhawang in the 14th Q.5) On the Banks of which river, you find Bahu century and has nostable library including all fort? 108 volumes of kangjur. a) River Sindh Tourist and Historical Places (Previous b) River Sutlej Years Questions) c) River Tawi d) River Ravi Q.1) Hill of Hari Parbhat has shrine of : Answer: Tawi River a) Khawaja Makhdoom Sahib b) Vaishno Devi Q6) Jammu city is also known by which of the c) Bhairav Nath following names? (2015)

d) Bala Ji a) City of Flowers Answer: Khawaja Makhdoom Sahib b) City of Lakes c) City of Temples Q.2) First Fortification of Hari Parbhat was d) City of Lakes constructed by: Answer: City of Temples a) Akbar b) Shahjahan Q.7) Under whose reign was the Hari Parbat c) Hamayun fort built? (2015) d) Shershah a) Akbar Answer : Akbar b)

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c) Gulab Singh a) Emperor Humayun d) Ranjit Singh b) Chandragupta Maurya c) Shivaji Maharaj Answer: Akbar d) Atta Mohammad Khan

Q.8) The temple of Vaishno Devi is located on Answer : Atta Mohammad Khan the mountain?(2015) Q.13) Which of the following is true about the a) Nanda Devi Fort of Akhnoor in Jammu and Kahsmir? (2017) b) Nyegyi Kansang c) Padmanabh 1) It is archeological site located in the d) Trikuta Anantnag city of Jammu and Kashmir, at an altitude of 1800 mt above sea level Answer: Trikuta Hills 2) A cave of this fort is believed to be the place of meditation of Lord Q.9) Shrine of four Lords Gon-Khang is located 3) It is located on the banks of river tawi in which district of Jammu and Kashmir? 4) It is located on the banks of Chenab, at the foothills of a) Kathua b) Kargil Answer: It is Located on the Banks of River c) Leh Tawi d) Q.14) The Bahu fort, located in the city of Answer: Leh Jammu, was built on the eastern bank of which river (2017) Q.10) Mamleshwar temple in phalgam is devoted to the Hindu god (2015) a) Jhelum b) Tawi a) Kali c) Indus b) Shiva d) Chenab c) d) Vishnu Answer: Tawi

Answer: Shiva Q.15) Pir Mitha tomb is located in which of places in J&K? (2017) Q.11) Which one of the following valleys starts at the base of Zoji La pass? (2015) a) Jammu b) Srinagar a) Araku c) Ladakh b) Barak d) Anantnag c) Drass d) Hirakund Answer: Jammu

Answer: Drass Q.16) Where is the seven-storied building Dam- Dam constructed by the Mughals ? (2017) Q.12) Hari Parbat Fort was built by? (2015) a)

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b) Bismai Gali c) Sultan Sikander c) Nilnag Lake d) Mir Kasim d) Sange Safed Valley Answer: Sultan Sikander Answer: Tosa Maidan Q.21) At which place is tourism is around the Q.17) Which of the following historical places is year? located on the banks of Tawi river In the state of Jammu and Kashmir? (2018) a) Amarnath b) a) Bhimgarh Fort c) Vaishno Devi b) Mughal Gardens d) c) Bahu Fort d) Answer: Vaishno Devi

Answer: Bahu Fort Q.21) Nishat Bahg, one of the largest Mughal Gardens on the banks of Dal Lake was built by Q.18) Pari Mahal located on top of Mountain Abdul Hsan Asif Khan during which year? Zabarwan in the state of Jammu and Kashmir was established by which of the following a) 1400-1499 historical figures? (2018) b) 1600-1650

a) Aurangzeb c) 1500-1599 b) Shahjahan d) 1655-1699 c) Dara Shikoh d) Akbar Answer: 1600-1650

Q.22) Gulmarg is located in which district of Answer Dara Shikoh Jammu and Kashmir? (2015) Q.19) The construction of Raghunath Temple in Jammu was started by which of the following a) Baramulla rulers in the history of Jammu and Kashmir? b) Doda (2018) c) Kathua d) Poonch a) Pratap Singh b) Hari Singh Answer: Baramulla c) Ranjit Singh d) Gulab Singh Q.23) Which of the following places is known as "Meadow of Flowers" ? (2015)

Answer: Gulab Singh a) Kangra b) Gulmarg Q.20) The Famous Jama Masjid of Srinagar was c) Dibang built by? d) Neora

a) King Khalid Answer: Gulmarg b) Md. Tuglag

www.aspireadda.com Q.24) Chashma Shahi Garden, known as the Answer: Gulmarg Royal spring, is situated at the foothills of Q.28) Which place is also called "the meadow of Zavarban mountain, in which of the following places in J&K ? (2017) gold"? (2017)

a) Leh a) Gulmarg b) Sonamarg b) Katra c) Pahalgam c) Udhampur

d) Srinagar d) Baisaran

Answer: Srinagar Answer: Sonamarg

Q.25) Dosmoche or the festival of Scapegoat is Q.29) Which of the following is one of the most scenic golf course in a natural environment the festival celebrated at which of the following created against the dramatic backdrop of tourist destinations of J&K? (2017) Zabarvan Mountains at Chashma Shahi, a) Ladakh overlooking the famous Dal Lake? (2017) b) a) Prestige Golfshire Club c) Bahu Fort b) Willingdon Sports Club d) Vaishno Devi c) Golden Swan Golf Academy Answer: Ladakh d) Royal Springs Golf Course

Q.26) Which of the following tourist destination Answer: Royal Springs Golf Course is famous for Cycling and Motor biking in Q.30) The Bag-e-Bahu fort remains to be the Jammu and Kashmir state ? (2017) oldest and the most iconic of all monumental a) marvels in Jammu, and was built by(2017) b) Zojila Pass

c) Khardugla Pass a) Raja Bahulochan b) Dara Shikoh d) c) Sampuran Singh Answer: Khardungla Pass d) Mian Hathu

Answer : Raja Bahuochan

Q.27) Which is the highest green golf course in Q.31) Which of the following is an INCORRECT the world, at an altitude of 2,650 m, and is the statement with respect to the Bag-e-Bahu Fort? country's premier ski resort in the winter? (2017) (2017) a) It was built by Raja Bahulochan a) Gulmarg b) It is believed to be approximately 3000 b) Baisaran years old c) Ladakh c) It was revamped by the Kings of the d) Pahalgam

www.aspireadda.com d) It is beside the Jhelum River Ans: Vaishno Devi Shrine Board

Answer: It is beside the Jhelum River 7) Which Place in J&K is known as “Chotta Kashi”? Q.32) , believed to be one of the highest motor able roads in the world is best Ans Purmandal known as the gateway to(2017) 8) The fort located on the hill in the vicinity of a) Ketti Valley town, constructed by Mughal Emperor b) Chopta Valley Jahangir ? c) Nubra Valley Ans: Dhandidhar fort d) Habban Valley 9) Which of the following places in known as Answer: Nubra Valley “Choota Kashmir?”

Ans Baderwah Expected Questions on Tourist and 10) Which ruler built an outer wall of the fort Historical Places of J&K Hari Parbhat and planned a New Capital called ‘Nagar Nagor’ to be built with in the wall? 1) Who was the First European to visit Ladakh? Ans: Akbar Ans Jesuit Father, Hippolyte Desideri in AD 1715 11) Who renovated the Bhimgarh fort ?

2) Which Organization looks after the Tourism Ans Maharaja Gulab Singh sector in J&K ? 12) Bahu Fort in Jammu has the shrine of ? Ans Jammu Kashmir Tourist Development Corporation (JKTDC) Ans Bawe wali Mata

3) When was JKTDC established? 13) Origion of the name ‘Patnitop’ is a distortion of the original name of ‘Patan da th Ans: 13 Feb, 1970. talab’ refers to as?

4) The City of Jammu is popularly known as? Ans Pond of the princess

Ans City of Temples 14) Where the world famous Tulip garden is situated? 5) Which of the places in known as the “Gateway to the Kashmir valley”? Ans Srinagar

Ans: Jammu 15) Amar Singh Palace built by Raja Amar Singh, A dogra King, which is now converted into a 6) Who looks after the Management of Mata meuseum, located in banks of which river? ?

www.aspireadda.com Ans Tawi River Ans Leh

16) Which place is popularly known as Meadow 26) in south east of leh was of Flowers? established by?

Ans Gulmarg Ans King Senge Nampar Gyalva

17) Which is the only domed mosque in 27) Which sikh guru visited the gurudwara Srinagar ? situated in the Hari Parbhat fort?

Ans Hazratbal Ans Guru Hargobind

18) The resort known for its golf course, the 28) Which fort is popularly known as “Reasi highest in the world? fort”?

Ans Gulmarg Ans Bhimgarh fort

19) To which Hindu God, is Martand Sun 29) Jahangir built the Shalimar temple in Temple attributed? Srinagar for ?

Ans Lord Surya Ans Nur Jahan

20) Martand Sun Temple was built by ? 30) Which monastery has a statue of Skakhyamuni Buddha? Ans Lalitaditya Muktapida in 8th Century BC Ans: Monastery 21) Which place in popularly known as ‘Venice of East’ ? 31) Panchbakhtar Temple, one of the oldest temples of Jammu is attributed to which Hindu Ans Srinagar deity? 22) Which of the regions has been called the Ans: Lord Shiva “Paradise of the Indies”? 32) Over which hills, shrine of Mata Vaishno Ans Kashmir Valley devi is located? 23) Which of the lakes in the largest of the high Ans: Trikuta Hills altitude lakes in the Trans Himalayan Region, entirely with in India? 33) Who started the Construction of Raghunath Mandir ? Ans Tsomoriri lake Ans Maharaja Gulab Singh 24) Which place is known as “Moon Land”? 34) Shahdra-Sharief in Rajouri has the shrine of Ans Ladakh ? 25) Which place in known as “Land of Lamas” ? Ans Baba Ghulam shah

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35) For which Hazratbal shrine is famous for? 3) Gurudwara Chatti Patshahi

Ans Moi-e-Muqqadas (Believed to be hair of 44) Which sikh guru is believed to ocassionally Muhammad) visit the Hari Parbat?

36) Under the rule of which king, construction Ans Guru Har Gobind of Ranghunath temple completed? 45) What are the other names for Hari Parbat? Ans Ranbir Singh Ans Durani fort Or Koh-e-Maran 37) Which temple is also known as Takh-te- Suleman? 46) Who built stone stairs at the Shankracharya temple ? Ans Shankracharya temple Ans Raja Gulab Singh 38) Who constructed the Hari Parbhat fort in 47) Who built Shalimar Bagh ? Srinagar? Ans Jahangir for his wife Noor Jahan in 1619 Ans Afghan Governor Atta Mohammad Khan 48) Who built Nishat Bagh ? 39) Who built Chashma i Shahi ? Ans Built in 1633 by Asif Khan, Elder brother of Ans Chashma i Shahi was built in 1632 by Ali Noor Jahan Mardan Knan on the orders of Shah Jahan as a gift for his elder son Dara Shikhon 49) Who built the Amar Mahal (Hari Palace)?

40) The First fortification of Hari Parbat was Ans It was built in 19th Century for Dogra King constructed by ? Raja Amar Singh by French Architect on the lines of French Chateu Ans Akbar in 1590 50) On the banks of which river, Hari Niwas is 41) Who constrdcuted the Shansharacharya located? temple ? Ans Tawi River Ans Raja Gopaladitya. 51) Who constructed the Famous Bahu fort ? 42) Who established the Nagal Sahib gurudwara of Poonch ? Ans Raja Bahu Lochan

Ans Sant Bhai Mela singh 52) Who constructed the Ranvishewar temple 43) Hari Parbhat has the Shrines of ? in Akhnoor?

Ans 1) Shrine of Sharika Mata Ans Ranbir Singh

2) Makhdoom Sahib, Shrine of Hamza 53) Which place is known as “Meadow of Flowers?” Makhdoom

www.aspireadda.com Ans Gulmarg 63) Which place is popularly known as “Venice of East”? 54) Which Place is known as Meadow of Gold? Ans Srinagar Ans Sonamarg 64) In which district Gulmarg in Located ? 55) Which town in located in the Foot hill of Mata Vaishno Devi Temple? Ans Baramulla.

Ans Katra 65) Charar-e-sharif is popularly known as?

56) Who built Jama Masjid of Srinagar? Ans Hazrat Shiekh. The shine is built to commemorate Shiekh Noor-ud-din Noorani, a Ans Sultan Sikander in AD 1400 and enlarged sufi saint also known as Nund Rishi by Zain-ul-Abidin 66) Which is the First Mosque ever built in 57) Which Place is J&K has tourism all-round Srinagar? the year? Ans Khhanqah of Shah Hamadan Ans Vaishno Devi Temple 67) in Ladakh is also known 58) The present fort located on Hari parbat was as ? built under the reign of? Ans Gompa Monastary Ans Shuja Shah Durani in 1808 68) Which king established Hemis Monastray of 59) Who constructed the famous Bhimgarh fort Leh? in Reasi? Ans Senge Nampar Gyalva Ans Maharaja Rishipal Rana 69) Who built the Alchi Monastary ? 60) The famous Hill Resort Patnitop has its name derived from? Ans Ringen Zangpo

Ans Patan Da Talab meaning Pond of 70) Which Pass divides the Zanskar valley with Princesses the

61) Bahu fort has a nearby Shine of? Ans Penzella pass

Ans Goddess Kali also known as Bawe wali 71) Which Place is known for Mural art? mata Ans Zanskar 62) Where is Dhandidhar fort Located? 72) King Avanti Varman belong to which Ans Rajouri dynasty?

Ans Utpala Dynasty

www.aspireadda.com 73) Which temple was early known as Gopadri?

Ans Shankrachaya Temple 74) The word Khanqah refers to ?

Ans A wooden Structure

75) Which ruler built an outer wall of the fort Hari Parbat and planned a new capital called Nager Nagor to be built with in the wall?

Ans Akbar

www.aspireadda.com Important Abbreviations 18) (UNCIP): United Nations Commission for India and Pakistan. 1) JKSSB: Jammu and Kashmir, Services Selection Board 19) NHPC: National Hydroelectric Power Corporation 2) JKPSC: Jammu and Kashmir, Public Service Commission 20) CVPP: Chenab Valley Power Projects

3) PRB : Police Recruitment Board 21) SSRB: Services Selection Recruitment Board

4) JKTDC: Jammu and Kashmir, Tourism 22) PRB: Police Recruitment Board Development Corporation

5) JMC / SMC: Jammu Municipal Corporation / Important Dates in the History of J&K Srinagar Municipal Corporation 1) 250 BC: Askoka Conquered Kashmir. 6) JKSPDC: Jammu Kashmir State Power Development Corporation 2) 250 BC: Buddhism came to Kashmir.

7) NC: National Conference 3) 95 AD: Vikramaditya Harsha occupied the throne of Kashmir. 8) JKNPP: Jammu Kashmir, National Panthers party 4) AD 629-631: Chinese Pilgrim Hieun Tsang Visited Kashmir during the reign of 9) JKBOSE: Jammu and Kashmir Board of School Dulabvardhana of Karkota Dynasty. education 5) 712 AD: Mohammad Bin Quasim invaded 10) JKBOPEE: Jammu and Kashmir Board of Kashmir . Professional Entrance Examinations 6) 949 AD: Gupta Dynasty founded by Parv 12) MNREGA: Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Gupta in Kashmir Employment Guarantee Act 7) 1149-50: Rajatrangini completed. 13) PDD : Power Development Department 8) 1339 : Hindu rule was overthrone by Shah 14) PDP : Peoples Democratic Party Mir. 15) JKSRTC: Jammu Kashmir State Road 9) 1420: Sultan Zain-ul-abidin ascended the Transport Corporation. throne of Kashmir. 16) DIET: District Institute of Education and 10) 1530: Kashmir was attacked by Mughals Training. 11) 1561: Chak Dynasty was founded by Ghazi 17) RMSA: Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha chak. Abhiyan.

www.aspireadda.com 12) 1578: Yousuf chak ascended the throne of 29) 26th Oct, 1947: Maharaja Hari Singh signed Kashmir. Instrument of Accession to India.

13) 1588: Akbar occupied Kashmir 30) 30th Oct, 1947: Maharaj Hari Singh, appoints Shiekh Abdullah as the administrator of the 14) 1753: End of Mughal rule in Kahsmir state.

15) 1819: Kashmir passed into the hands of 31) 20th Jan, 1948: Un Commission for India and Sikhs and became part of Lahore. Pakistan (UNCIP) set up

16) 1846: Treaty of Amritsar between Gulab th 32) 24 July, 1952: Delhi agreement. Singh and British. 33) 9th August, 1953: arrested. 17) 1877: High Court was established. 34) 17th Nov, 1956: J&K constitution adopted by 18) 1885: Pratap Singh became the Maharaja of state constituent Assembly Kashmir: 35) 26th Jan, 1957 : J&K constitution, comes into 19) 1922: Cart Road was thrown open force. for Traffic. 36) 5th to 7th March, 1957: First Election to J&K 20) 1925: Pratap Singh Passed away. Legislative assembly held. 21) 1931: Formation of J&K Muslim Conference 37) October, 1963: Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad by Mir Waiz Yousuf Shah, Sheikh Abdullah, resigned and Shamsudin took over as PM of J&K Chowdhury Ghulam Abbas and others. 38) 30th March, 1965:The title Sadr-e-Riyasat 22) 1938: J&K Bank was established. and PM abolished:

23) 1939: Muslim conference changed into 39) 3rd July, 1972: Shimla agreement Signed National Conference. 40) 13th November, 1974: Kashmir Accord 24) 1942: J&K Jamat-i-islami founded signed between Indira and Shiekh.

25) May, 1946: Quit Kashmir Movement, th 41) 17 March, 1977: Governor Rule imposed in launched by NC against the Rule of Maharaja J&K. 26) 20th June, 1946: Pt. Nehru arrested at 42) November 1981: Panthers Party, formed by Domail by J&K Police. .

th 27) 15 Oct, 1947:Justice Mehar Chand 43) 8th September, 1982: Shiekh Abdullah dies Mahajan Sworn as PM of J&K: and took over as Chief 28) 20th -22nd Oct, 1947: Invasion of J&K by Minister of state.

Tribals from Pakistan. 44) 26th April, 1984: Jagmohan took over a governor of J&K.

www.aspireadda.com 45) 6th September, 1986: Presidents rule 8) V.N Kaul: Former Comptroller and Auditor imposed. General of India.

46) 7th April, 2005: Karvan-e-Aman bus service 9) N.C Vij: Ex-Chief of Army Staff launched between Srinagar and Muzzaffarabad. 10) Rafeeq Anjum: Poet 47) 6th July, 2006: 8 New Districts were created in J&K. 11) : Son of Last ruler of J&K and first Sadre-e-Riyasat of J&K 48) 5th Jan, 2009: Omar Abdullah of NC sworn is 12) Membooba Mufti: First woman Chief as New CM of J&K. Minister of J&K

13) Kalhana: A 12th Century Kashmiri Brahmin Famous Personalities of J&K and author of Rajatarangni. He is regarded as Kashmir’s First Historian. 1) Padma Sachdev: She is an eminent Indian Poet and Novelist 14) Hari Singh: Hari Singh is the last Rule of J&K. He ascended the throne of J&K in 1925. He  First Modern Women poet of Dogri signed instrument of Accessions on 26th Language October, 1947.  Won Sahitya Akademi Award in 1971 for “Meri Kavita Mere Geet” 15) : Politician from  She also received Padam Shri, Award on the state of J&K, has been Home Minister of 2001 India in 1989-90. Founder of People’s  Recently, she received Democratic Party and served as Chief Minister Samman for her auto-biography “Chit – in from Nov, 2002 to Nov, 2005 and again in Chette” March, 2015.

2) Habba Khatun: 16th-century poetess 16) Farooq Abdullah: Son of Sheikh Abdullah, and served as Chief Minister of J&K several 3) Javaid Rahi: Writer, activist times, since, 1982. He also served as a Cabinet Minister in Mammohan Singh Ministry. 4) Moti Lal Kemmu: Kashmiri writer and social worker 17) PN Dhar: He was Principal Secretary to Prime Minister during the days of 5) Justice T.S Thakur : Present Chief Justice of Emergency from 1973- 1977. India 18) Shiekh Mohammad Abdullah: Popularly 6) Mehar Chand Mahajan: First Chief Justice of known as Sher-e-Kashmir. He became the Prime India and First Prime Minister of India. Minister and Chief Minister of J&K. 7) A.S Anand: Ex-Chief Justice of India 19) Syed Mir Qasim: He was the Chief Minister of J&K During 1971-75

www.aspireadda.com 20) Ghumlam Nabi Azad: He served as 27) Ghulam Nabi Khayal: He was renowned Parliamentary Affairs Minister during the poet, writer, researcher, critic and senior Manmohan Singh’s Government. He also served journalist of the state. as Chief Minister of J&K.  He was conferred with Academy Award 21) Rehman Rahi: He is a Kashmiri Poet, (1974) and Sahitya Academy Award Translator and critic. He was awarded the (1975) Indian Sahitya Akademi Award in 1961 for his poetry collection Nawroz-i-saba, Padam Shri in 28) Ram Nath shastri: Professor Ram Nath 2000 and Gyanipith Award for 2004. shastri, also known as Father of Dogri, was a Dogri poet, writer, actor etc.  First Kashmiri writer to be awarded the Gyanipith award.  His writings has succeeded in bringing Dogri at the National stage. 22) Dinanath Nadim: He was a Kashmiri poet of  In 2001, he was awarded, the Sahitya 20th Century. Academy, fellowship awarded by the Sahitya Academy.  First Kashmiri Poet to write in Blank verse. 29) Prem Nath Dogra: Prem Nath Dogra was a  He was awarded Sahitya Natak Akademi leader from Jammu and Kashmir who worked Award (1986) for his book Shihil Kul. for total integration of the state with India

23) Ved Rahi: He is an Indian Film director, who  He was also known as Sher e Duggar. made the Film Veer Savarkar. He has also  He was instrumental in forming the directed Popular show “Gul Gulshan Gulfaam” Jammu Praja Parishad party in 1947 along with and opposed  His novel Lal Ded based on the Life of the policies of Sheikh Abdullah Kashmiri Saint was adjuged the best

novel in Dogri Language. Expected Questions 24) Amin Kamil: He is a Kashmiri poet and written a No. of Plays and Musicals for the 1) Who is considered to be the First Kashmiri radio. Historian?

25) Dr. Jatindera Udhampuri: He was an Ans Pt. Kalhana eminent, poet, writer, scholar and critic 2) Which famous personality made the Primary  He was conferred with Padma Shri and Education Compulsory in J&K? received Sahitya Akademi Award, 2011 for Dogri translation of Famous Urdu Ans Raja Hari Singh Novel, Do Gaz Zameen. 3) Who was known as the “Architect of Modern 26) Riyaz Punjabi: He was former professor and Kashmir” because of his constructive work in vice-chancellor of . the state?

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JKSSB Exams 2019-20 : J&K GK Capsule

Ans Bakshi Ghulam Mohammad Ans Dinanath Nadim

4) Who was the First Prime Minister of Jammu 13) Who was Known as Lal Sahib? and Kahsmir? Ans Swami Lakshman Joo Ans Mehar Chand Mahajan 14) What is the Full form of JKSPDCL? 5) Who was the First Chief Minister of J&K ? Ans Jammu and Kashmir State Power Ans GM Sadiq Development Corporation Limited

6) Which politician from J&K became the Home 15) What is the full form of SSRB? Minister of India in 1989-90? Ans Service Selection and Recruitment Board Ans Mufti Mohammded Sayeed

7) Who was the First Sadr-e-Riyasat of Jammu and Kashmir? Ans Karan Singh

8) Which eminent personality for J&K was awarded Saraswati Samman 2015 for her autobiography “Chit-chete”?

Ans Padma Sachdev

9) Who is the first Kashmiri writer awarded with Gyanipath Award, India’s highest literary award?

Ans Rehman Rahi

10) Who is considered to be the Father of Dogri by bringing the language on the National Stage?

Ans Ramnath Shastri 11) Who was awarded with Padma Shri and Sahitya Akademi’s prestigious award, 2011 for Dogri translation of famous Urdu Novel “Do Gaz Zameen?

Ans Dr. Jitendera Udhampuri

12) Who was the First Kashmiri Poet to write in Blank verse?

www.aspireadda.com History of J&K State 5) State Bird: Black Necked Crane 6) State Tree: Chinar This Topic of the Syllabus is the most lengthy type and in every paper,you will see 2-3 7) State Flower: Lotus Questions. 8) Biggest Fresh Water Lake: Wular lake Here are a Few Questions from the History of J&K, that have been asked in the previous JKSSB 9) Biggest Salt water Lake: Pangong Exams 10) Biggest Hydel Project: Salal  Founder of Karkota Dynasty in Kashmir 11) Longest River: Sindh  Which king of J&K, agreed to accede to India, in return of Military aid: Hari 12) Deepest Lake: Mansabal Singh  When was Srinagar-Muzaffarbad Bus 13) Highest Pass: Khar-Dungla service started: April 2005 Ancient History of Jammu and  Who was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir Kashmir in India?: Hari Singh (2015)  Who was the writer of '' Early History that records the oldest and fullest th history of the legendary kings of Kalhana, a 12 century Kashmiri Poet and Kashmir? Kalhana (2015) author wrote Rajatarangini (River of Kings) that  According to historians, Kashmir valley provides the account of the . was originally known by which of the He wrote the work in Sanskrit between 1148 following names?: Kashayapmar (2015) and 1149  Who was the prime minister of Maharaja Hari Singh under the According to the oldest extant book on Kashmir, Constitution of 1939? (2015) "Nilmat Puran ", in the Satisar lived a demon  To whom did Britishers sell Kashmir called Jalod Bowa, who tortured and devoured after it became a princely state in March 1846? (2015) the people, who lived near mountain slopes. Hearing the suffering of the people, a great saint of our country, Kashyap by name, came to J&K: At a Glance the rescue of the people here. After performing penance for a long time, the saint was blessed, 1) Capital: Jammu (In Winters) , Srinagar and he was able to cut the mountain near (Summer) Varahmulla, which blocked the water of the 2) No. of Districts: 22 lake from flowing into the plains below. The lake was drained, the land appeared, and the 3) No. of Assembly Constituencies (Seats): 89 demon was killed. The saint encouraged people (87: Elected & 2: Nominated) from India to settle in the valley. The people 4) State Animal: Hangul

www.aspireadda.com named the valley as Kashyap-Mar and Kashyap- respective names : Hushkapura, Jushkapura and Pura. Kanishkapura. The Kushan Kings also built many temples and Vihars. According to many Note: Zain-ul-Abidin, who ruled Kashmir in the scholars, Kanishka held the third great council 15th century commsioned the Persian of the Buddhist church at " Kundalvan ", translation of “Rajatarangini”. (Harwan, near Shalimar garden) Hien Tsang has Maurayan Empire given the proceedings of this council. Nearly 500 Buddhist and Hindu scholars attended this The great Mauryan emperor Ashoka is recorded conference, and a learned Kashmir Brahmin to have ruled Kashmir, and Kalhan rightly Vasumitra presided over its session. Some of mentions that the king was a follower of the great Buddhist scholars, who took active Buddhism. Ashoka founded the old city of part in this council were Ashvagosha, Srinagar called now as " Pandrethan ", ( Nagarjuna, Vasubandu Sugamitra and Jinamitra. Puranadhisthan ) and also build many vihars Hien-Tsang praises the intellectual calibre of the and temples and repaired the old shrine. Kashmir scholars, and considered them as incomparable. At Vijeshwari (modern Bijbehra), he built a Shiva Temple, thus winning the heart of the Karkota Dynasty local population, who were mostly worshippers of Lord Shiva. It was Majjhantika, a celebrated Karkota Dynasty was founded by Buddhist missionary who was deputed to Durlabhvardhana (AD 625-661). It was during Kashmir and Urvasa to preach the faith of the time of first king of Karkota dynasty, Buddha in those territories. Hien-Tsang Durlabvardhan that the great Chinese pilgrim, mentions the arrival of 500 monks to Kashmir, Hien-Tsang visited Kashmir and entered the and Ashoka making a gift of the valley to valley via Baramullah where he found a huge Sangha. Many Buddhist scholars, missionaries, stone gate. The entry of all outsiders, except and intellectuals permanently settled in the the Hindus, was banned in the state then. Hien- valley. Naturally, in course of time, many people Tsang was given a right royal reception by the embraced Buddhism here people including the king. He stayed in Kashmir for nearly two years, studied Sanskrit and Hindu The Kushan Empire scriptures at the feet of learned men here.

Kanishka (127–151 CE), an emperor of the It is the Karkota dynasty that has given Kashmir Kushan dynasty, conquered Kashmir and the greatest ruler Lalitaditya Muktapid ( 724- established the new city of Kanishkapur.After 761 A. D.). He is undoubtedly the Samudra the Mauyra’s Kashmir was occupied by Kushans. Gupta of Kashmir. He was filled with an Kalhana’s account of . Kalhan's account of unquenchable thirst of world conquest. He Turushka Kings,indicates without any doubt the invaded and conquered many countries in Asia Kushan occupation of the Valley. The three and India. The Punjab, Kanuj, Tibet, Ladhak, kings mentioned by him are Huska, Juska, and Badakshan, Iran, , Gauda (Bengal) Kalinga Kanishka, each of them is credited with the (Orissa), South India, , Malwa, Marwar foundation of a town, christened after their and Sindh were all conquered by him. It was he,

www.aspireadda.com who finally broke the power of Arabs in Sindh. It was about in AD 855-856 that Karkota Rule All these unbroken victories created a feeling of ended and a new Utpala Dynasty assumed the pride among the people here and his victories Power in Kashmir. came to be celebrated in a big way. Mideival History of Jammu and Kalhan who wrote his famous chronicle Kashmir (Rajatarangini) nearly four hundred years after the death of Lalitaditya, records that even in his (I) Utpala Dynasty time the victories of the great victor were being celebrated throughout the valley. Alberuni, who The most important ruler of this dynasty was accompanied Mahmud Gaznavi in his Indian Maharaja Avanti-verman. It was he, who Campaigns, specifically mentions in his book ( recovered Kashmir from utter political and Tahqiq-i-Hind ) that Kashmiris observed second economic disorder. His reign witnessed a period of Chaitra, as the day of victory. of peace and consolidation and prosperity. The most important foundation of the King was his Lalitaditya was equally a great builder and he capital city of Avantipur, which he embellished built his capital near the sacred shrine of Khir- with two temples: one dedicated to Shiva, and Bhawani, and gave it the name of Parihaspur other to Vishnu. Both of them are in ruins now, (city of pleasure). Throughout the valley, he but even then, they stand as the most imposing built very fine and massive temples, out of monuments of ancient Kashmir. The reign of which the world famous sun temple (Martand) this King would not be complete without the built on Mattan Karewa, reminds us about the mention of 'Suya' one of the greatest engineer granduer and splendour of the times when their Kashmir produced in ancient times. builder ruled the state. The extensive ruins of Avantivarman died in a temple on Dal Lake, his capital city Parihaspur, speak of his activities when a fatal disease caught him. in the field of art and architecture. After his death, it is mostly the weak rulers except his Avantivarman was succeeded by his son grand son Jayatida, who ruled the valley. Shankarvarman, but then the decline of Utpal dynasty set in. In the time of King Yasakara Both Lalitaditya, and Jayatida were great (939-48) a 'Math' ( hospice ) was built for the patrons of learning and extended their students of India, who came to Kashmir for partonage to Bhavabhuti, Vakpatrija, Udhata study and meditation. It clearly reveals intimate Bhata, Damodhar Gupta, Manoratha, cultural contact between the valley, and plains Sankhdanta and Samadhimat etc. The history of of India in the 10th century. In 950, Khemgupta Karkota dynasty after Jayatida is a sad story of ascended the throne of Kashmir, a man of decline. All the conquered territories regained mediocre ability who married princess Didda, their independence, and the sovereignty of the daughter of the ruler of Lohara (Poonch) and ruler of Kashmir came to be confined to Vitasta grand daughter of the Shahi king of Kabul. basin. After the eclipse of Utpala dynasty, ruled Kashmir till the end of the Hindu rule in Kashmir (1339). Queen Didda was the

www.aspireadda.com defacto ruler of the state, as she was very Jaisimha's (1128-55) early days were critical, dominating and exercised immense influence because of the preceeding civil wars and over her husband. She built many temples and political unrest. Still the new ruler was able to monasteries and one of these was reserved for maintain his firm rule for 27 years in people of Madyadesha and Lata (U. P., Bihar comparative safety. The King repaired and and Central India). restored many temples and shrines, and numerous other pious foundations were also In 980 A.D. Didda ascended the throne after the made during his reign. The people after a long death of her husband. Before her, two other time heaved a sigh of relief. The Last ruler of queens had ruled Kashmir namely Yashovati Lohara Dynasty was Vanitadeva, who died in AD and Sugandha. Didda was a very unscrupulous 1171. and wilful lady and led a very immoral life. But inspite of these drawbacks, she was an able (III) Deva Dynasty ruler, who firmly ruled the valley. She died in 1003 A. D. and left the throne of Kashmir to her Deva Dynasty, ruled the Kashmir from AD 1171 family in undisputed succession. As her children to 1371. Sangramdev and Sehdev were notable had died young, she transmitted the crown to kings. During the reign of Sehdev, Kahsmir was Sangramraj, son of her brother Udairaj, the invaded by Tratar chiefDulucha from Central ruler of Lohara (Poonch). Asia.

It was during her time, that Mahmud Gaznavi (IV) Dynasty twice tried to capture the valley but the fort at Lohara, remarkable for its height and strength Sultan Shamsudin proved impregnable. The Sultan was obliged to Shah Mir ascended the throne under the name abandon the conquest. of Sultan Shamas-ud-din, and his dynasty ruled (II)Lohara Dynasty the state for 222 years. The Shah-Mir dynasty has given only two rulers, who are worthy of Lohara Dynasty was founded by Sangramraj, mention. One is Sultan Shihabud-din, and the after the death of Queen Didda and ruled the second is the great Sultan Zain-ul-Abdin. The Kashmir for more than a century, after the former ascended the throne in 1354, and eclipse of Utpala Dynasty, till the end of Hindu continued to rule till 1373. He was full of Rule in Kashmir (AD 1399). From 1089 to 1101 energy, and vigour and he was able to establish A. D., King Harsha ruled Kashmir. Harsha along his sway over the neighbouring countries. His with his son Bhoja were murdered, and the army mainly consisted of Damras, Lavans and Kashmir throne passed into the hands of two the hill tribes of Poonch, Rajapuri and Kishtwar princes Uccalia and Succalla. When our great historian Kalhan completed his 'Rajatarangini' in His two important Hindu ministers were Kota 1149 - 50 King Jaisimha, the last great ruler of Bhat and Udyashri. At the begining of his reign, the Hindu times was ruling the state. he led an army to Sindh and defeated its ruler. While returning he defeated Afgans near Peshawar and then he conquered Kabul, Gazni,

www.aspireadda.com Qandhar, Pakhali, Swat and Multan. He invaded administrative posts, irrespective of caste or Badakshan, and then marched towards creed. The Sultan had a high sense of justice Dardistan and Gilgit, which he easily conquered. and no one who committed a crime was spared, Then he marched towards Bulochistan and however close he was to throne. Ladhak. One of the most outstanding features of his Shihab-ud-din administration was the just and liberal treatment of the Hindus, who were not only Shah-ud-din was not only a great conqueror but allowed complete freedom of worship, but the also an able administrator, and he governed his Sultan recalled all those who had fled to India in kingdom with firmness and justice. He was the time of his father. He allowed those Hindus tolerant ruler and treated his Hindu subjects who had forcibly been converted, to return to generously. The king founded a new town their former religion. The Sultan banned cow which he called Shihab-ud-din-pora, known now slaughter and permitted the repair and as Shadipur. He is also said to have erected rebuilding of the temples at government many mosques and monasteries. Shihab-ud-din expenses. He granted lands to learned can rightly be called the Lalitaditya of medieval Brahmins, endowed temples and for Hindu Kashmir. pilgrims visiting holy places in the valley he opened a royal kitchen at Rainawari known Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin even now as Jogi Lanker. He also abolished Sultan Zain-ul-Abidin, ascended the throne in Jaziya. 1420 A. D. and ruled upto 1470 A. D. nearly for In AD 1470, the Sultan died and with his death half a century. His accession to the throne, sounded the death knell of . proved to be the return of a bright and warm day after a cold and a chilly night. (V) CHAK Dynasty

Zain-ul Abidin organized a huge army, and with The last Shahmir ruler, Sultan Habib Shah, a its help he reconquered the Punjab, Western weakling was deposed by his commander, and Tibet, Ladhak and Balti region, Kulu and Ohind ( nobles raised on throne Gazi Chak, a prominent Hazara ). The Sultan also maintained cordial and military General of the time. He was the direct friendly relations with rulers of other countries. descendant of Lankar Chak who had come to The Sheriff of Macca and the Kings of Jilan and Kashmir towards the close of Hindu rule. The Egypt sent him presents. The Maharaja of Chak rule began in Kashmir in 1561 and lasted Gwalior, hearing that the Sultan was interested till 1587, when Akbar, the great Moghul in Music, sent him valuable works on Indian Emperor conquered Kashmir. music. There was also an exchange of embassies and gifts between the great Sultan Chaks were originally Dards residents of Gilgit and the rulers of Sindh, Bengal, Tibet, Gujrat, Huza area. Malwa and Delhi. The Sultan improved the tone They thwarted successfully the attempts of of administration which had rudely been shaken. He appointed talented persons in high Babur and Humayun to annex Kashmir. Yusuf shah ckah married to princess Habba Kahtun, a

www.aspireadda.com beautiful and charming poetess and made found a hill coming down gently to a spring or a Gulmarg and Sonamarg as Holiday resorts. He grove of majestic Chinar trees or a beautiful tried his best to ward off the influence of lake, he utilised the place for planting a Mughals but eventually scummbed to theforces pleasure garden. Shalimar and Nishat gardens of Akbar and died in prison in Bihar. on the banks of Dal Lake, would keep Jahangir's love for natural beauty ever fresh in our Mughal army under Qasim, defeated Shah’s memory. He laid gardens at Achable and army at Haripura and this paved the way of Verinag. Perhaps no other ruler has ever paid so Mughal rule in Kashmir in 1586 AD. much tribute to the beauty of Kashmir as (VI) Mughal Rule in Kashmir Jahangir did (III) Shah Jahan: Shah Jahan also visited the Mughals remained in power in Kashmir happy valley a number of times and he too was from1587 to 1752 .Rulers of Mughal dynasty accompanied by a large number of nobles. were as follows. Owing to the long peaceful rule of the three (I) Akbar: . It was in 1579 that illuminated Moghul Kings, hundreds of people now began Moghul emperor Akbar visited Kashmir. About to come to Kashmir to find mental peace, to eighty thousand Kashmiris were entertained by regain their health or attain spiritual salvation. Akbar at Id-Gah. During his reign Raja Todar Shah Jahan laid the garden of Chashmashai and Mal, the great Finance and Revenue Minister, also built a portion of Shalimar. The Moghul made revenue settlement of the valley, which in Governor Ali Marden Khan also laid out a its broad features forms the basis of the present number of gardens. revenue settlement in the valley. Akbar built a (IV) Aurengzeb: Aurangzeb visited Kashmir only new town near Hariparbat and called it Nagar- once in 1665. An interesting account of the Magar and built the massive wall around the emperor's journey to the valley has been given hill. The great emperor visited the valley three by a French traveller Francis Bernier who times, and with him, came a large number of accompanied the Emperor. Aurangezeb's reign Moghul grandees, noblemen and army was a signal for revolts and rebellions in several generals. The fame of the valley spread parts of the country. In distant parts of the throughout the country and a very large empire commenced an era of lawlessness, number of people started to visit the valley. anarchy and disorder. Many states became (II) Jahangir: Actually it was in the time of independent under their subedhars who Jahangir that the beauty of the state attracted founded new independent states. A reign of thousands of visitors to the happy valley. The disorder also started in Kashmir. The Moghul great emperor visited the State thirteen times. Governors began to loot and plunder the The Moghul rulers never came alone, but were people, and at the same time ruthlessly started always accompanied by hundreds of Nobles, a policy of religious bigotry and fanaticism. Amirs and Umras, Princes and Army Generals. Jahangir came virtually, under the spell of the (VII) Afghan Rule in Kashmir (1752- scenic beauty of the place, and wherever he 1819)

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There was absolute chaos in northern India of the valley were summoned by the Governor after the invasion of Nadir Shah of Persia. The to his palace, and ordered to surrender all their people of Kashmir could no longer tolerate the wealth on pain of death. Their houses were misrule of Moghul satraps, and accordingly completey sacked, and many people were when Ahmad Shah Abdali of Kabul was at asked to put the sword. Lahore in 1752, two Kashmir nobleman Mir Muquim Kant and Khwaj'a Zahir Didmari, There was complete gloom and despair on every side. All the prosperity of the valley was waited upon him at Lahore, and disgracefully gone, and the people could not even move on requested him to bring Kashmir under his control. the streets, for fear of being robbed of even their scanty clothing. Each and everyday for a Ahmad Shah, a free hooter of Nadir Shah gladly Kashmiri was a day of struggle and uncertainty. accepted this offer and immediately despatched As ill luck would have it, only weak and a strong and a powerful Afgan army under the worthless Amirs governed Kabul, after the command of Abdullah Khan lshik Aqasi, to death of Abdali. These Amirs would either be occupy the valley. The Moghul satrap offered a quickly deposed or assassinated. Naturally strong resistance, but was defeated and the accession of every new Amir would mean Afgan Governor planted the Afgan flag on the appointment of a new Subedar in Kashmir. ramparts of Akbar's town at Nagar-Magar Hence every Governor expected his recall or dismissal at any time. This unertainty made The rule of Mughuls in Kasmir came to an end these rapacious governors ruthless, and they although it continued to exist in northern India, squeezed every penny from the people nominally upto 1857. Kashmir remained a mercilessly. dependency of Kabul rulers till 1819, roughly a period of 67 years. It is true, that all sections of people suffered here during their time, but the chief vicitims of The Pathan rule is the darkest period in the these fiends were the Hindus, Shias and history of our state. The rulers of Kabul were Bombas of Jhelum valley. It is strange that great despots, and they ruled all the parts of during this dark period a Hindu also became a their kingdom ruthlessly and with an iron hand. Governor here. His name was Raja Sukh Jeevan The corner stone of their policy was terror. As Mal. It was only in his time that Kashmir heaved many as twenty eight Durrani Subedars a sigh of relief. He was afterwards defeated and governed Kashmir during these sixty seven killed by Ahmad Shah. The Pathan rulers are years. The Kashmir nobleman had expected that now only rememberd for their brutality and Abdali would give them a good and a stable cruelity. government, but the very first Afgan governor Abdullah Khan Aquasi, immediately after (VIII) Sikh Rule in Kashmir (1819-1846) assuming powers started a reign of terror. People began to be looted and killed At last the reign of terror broke the patience of indiscriminately, and even the petty Afgan the peace loving people, and a deputation of soliders began to amass wealth by the foulest Kashmiris led by Pandit Birbal Dhar, and his son possible means. Most of the well to do people Pandit Rajakak Dhar, left for Lahore and

www.aspireadda.com fervently requested Maharaja Ranjit Singh to Mr. Ranel Tayler who visited Kashmir in 1846 conquer Kashmir. Three prominent Muslims writes about Kashmir, "The town presents a helped Pandit Birbal Dhar in his escape from the very miserable apperance. The houses made of valley. They were Abdul Qadoos Gojwari, wood are tumbling in every direction. The Mallick Zulfiqar and Malik Kamgar. streets are filthy for want of drainage, none of the bazars looked wellfilled and prospseous and In 1819, 30,000 soliders of Maharaja Ranjit altogether my ride made me very unhappy ". Singh attacked Kashmir, defeated the Pathans, Moorcraft who visited the valley in 1835 writes, and the state became a part of Ranjit Singh's "Everywhere the people were in most abject empire. On receipt of the news ,Maharaja Ranjit condition, not one sixteenth of the cultivable Singh bestowed honours in Dhar family and land is under cultivation, and the inhabitants Lahore was illuminated for three days, Sikh rule are starving. They were in a condition of lasted for only 27 years and during this period extreme weakness. Villages were half deserted 10 Governors administersd the country one and those who lived there were the semblance after another, out of whom the last two were of extreme sickness. Villages were filthy and Muslims. swarming with beggars. The rural folk on the In the beginning Sikh rule also proved to be whole were half naked and miserably emaciated oppressive. " It must have been an intense relief and presented a ghastly picture of poverty and ", writes Lawrence, " to all classes in Kashmir to starvation ". Such was the general condition of see the downfall of the evil rule of Pathan, and the state when Maharaja Ranjit Singh died in to none was the relief greater than to the 1830. His death was a signal for the mutiny of peasants who had been cruely fleeced by the Sikh Army which become uncontrollable, and rapacious sardars of Kabul. I do not mean to plunge entire Punjab into confusion and chaos. suggest that the Sikh rule was benign or good, Modern History of Jammu and but it was at any rate better that that of the Pathans. " The Sikh rule over Kashmir lasted Kashmir only for a brief span of time, during which the rulers at Lahore were far too pre-occupied at Dogra Period : 1846 1957 home to pay any attention to the affairs of this Dogra rule, which lasted for exactly 100 years is outlying province of theirs. The misery of the the most progressive and peaceful period in the people increased due to natural calamities as History of J&K. well, such as premature snow falls, which would destroy a ripe rice crop leading to famines. Here is the list of Dogra rulers along with period These famines were followed by diseases like of rule. cholera and plague, resulting in a heavy loss of life. Thousands of people migrated to India 1) Gulab Singh: 1846-1856 during these hard days, and no wonder the 2) Ranbir Singh: 1856-1885 population of the valley came down to two lakhs from 8 lakhs. 3) Pratap Singh: 1885 - 1925

4) Hari singh: 1925- 1947

www.aspireadda.com In 1947, Monarchy was abolished in Jammu and Some Important Treaties in History of J&K Kashmir , after Hari Singh, signed Instrument of 1) Amritsar Treaty (1846) : The Treaty of Accession with Government of India. Amritsar, signed on 16 March 1846 between Gulab Singh: First Dogra Ruler the Gulab Singh and British India.

Gulab Singh (1792–1857) was the founder of Under this treaty, Gulab Singh Paid Rs 75 Lakhs royal Dogra dynasty and first Maharaja of the to British India and acquired Kashmir and princely state of Jammu and Kashmir, the become the First Sikh Raja of Kashmir. second largest princely state in British India, 2) Instrument of Accession: The Instrument of which was created after the defeat of the Sikhs Accession is a legal document executed by in the First Anglo-Sikh War. The Treaty of Maharaja Hari Singh, ruler of the princely state Amritsar (1846), formalised the sale by the of Jammu and Kashmir, on 26 October 1947. By British to Gulab Singh for 7,500,000 executing this document Maharaja Hari Singh Nanakshahee Rupees of all the lands in Kashmir agreed to accede to the Dominion of India. that were ceded to them by the Sikhs by the Treaty of Lahore Signatories: Hari Singh and Lord Mountbatten.

Hari Singh : The Last Ruling Maharaja 3) Delhi Agreement of 1952: After the J&K of J&K constituent assembly had taken some important decisions; it was deemed necessary The last ruler of Jammu and Kashmir was to receive the concurrence of Indian Maharaja Hari Singh, who ascended the throne Government, conferred with the in 1925. He made primary education representatives of the Indian Govt. and arrived compulsory in the State, introduced laws at an agreement. This agreement was later prohibiting child marriage and threw open known as Delhi Agreement of 1952. places of worship for the low castes Here are the Salient Features of Delhi Singh's reign saw the accession of Jammu & Agreement of 1952 Kashmir to the newly independent Indian Union 1) The head of the State of J&K would be a person in 1947. He originally manoeuvered to maintain recommended by the State Legislature and his independence by playing off India and recognized by the President of India Pakistan against each other. There was an armed movement against the Maharaja's rule 2 The Indian flag would have the same status in especially in the Poonch district of Jammu, Kashmir as in any part of India, but the Kashmir State when his troops were unable to control these flag would be retained fighters and his troops retreated to Jammu, in 3) Citizenship would be common in two parts of the October 1947, Singh appealed to India for its country, but the State legislature would have power help. He acceded to India, though there is to define and regulate the rights and privileges of the considerable controversy over exactly at what permanent residents in Kashmir point and whether or not his accession included the sovereignty of the state

www.aspireadda.com 4) The fundamental rights as laid down in the Indian 5) Aatish-e-Chinar: Shiekh Mohammad constitution would be extended to Kashmir, but these Abdullah would not come in the State’s programme of Land Reforms 6) The Land of Lamas: Alexander Cunningham

5) Power to reprieve or commute death sentence 7) Ain-i-Akbari: Abul Fazal would belong to President of India 8) Zafarnama: Sharaf-u-din 6) The Indian President’s power to declare a State of Emergency in case of external danger or internal 9) Waqiat-i-Kashmir: Muhammad Azam disturbances would be extended to Kashmir, but in regard to internal disturbances it would be used only 10) The Lord of Hills: G.C Smith at the request of the State Govt. History of J&K (Previous Years 7) Residuary power would be retained by the State Questions) but the state could transfer more rights to the Union Q.1) Who was the Founder of Karkota Dynasty 8) Supreme Court could adjudicate in regard to in Kashmir? dispute between the state and the Centre and other provincial Govts. and on fundamental rights agreed a) Durlabvardhana to by the State b) Harshvardhana 9) The details of financial arrangements would be c) Munric Chand further considered. d) Fulkin

4) Indira-Shiekh Accord: The 1975 Indira– Ans: Durlabvardhana Sheikh accord between Kashmiri politician Sheikh Abdullah and Indian Prime Minister Q.2) Who was associated with Amristar Treay? Indira Gandhi allowed the former to become a) Gulal Singh Chief Minister of Jammu and Kashmir again b) Gulab Singh after 22 years. The accord was signed on behalf c) Mehul Singh of Abdullah by Mirza Mohammad Afzal Beg and d) Renjeet Singh on behalf of the Indian government (headed by Prime Minister Gandhi) by G. Parthasarathy on Answer: Gulab Singh 24 February 1975 in New Delhi Q.3) Which king of J&K, agreed to accede to India, in return of Military aid?

Important Books and Authors of J&K a) Raja Hari Singh b) Raja Amar Singh 1) Rajtrangini : Pt. Kalhana c) Raja Gulab Singh 2) Rajdarshini: Ganesh Dass Wadehra d) Raja Pratap Singh

3) Gulabnama: Dewao Kripa Ram Answer: Raja Hari Singh

4) Akbarnama: Abul Fazal

www.aspireadda.com Q.4) When was Srinagar-Muzaffarbad Bus service started? a) L.k. Advani b) Mehr Chand Mahajan a) April 2003 c) T.D Rao b) June 2003 d) C.L Sindhia c) April, 2005 Answer: Mehr Chand Mahajan d) June 2005

Q.9) To whom did Britishers sell Kashmir after it Answer: April 2005 became a princely state in March 1846? (2015) Q.5) Who was the last ruling Maharaja of the princely state of Jammu and Kashmir in India? a) Prithvi Raj Singh (2015) b) Mann Singh c) Hari Singh a) Raja Pratap singh d) Gulab singh b) Raja Hari Singh c) Raja Ranbir Singh Answer: Gulab Singh d) Raja Ranjeet Singh Q.10) During the period 1556-1605, kashmir Answer: Hari Singh was annexed to by which Mughal Emperor? (2017) Q.6 Who was the writer of 'Rajatarangini' that records the oldest and fullest history of the a) Bahadur Shah-I legendary kings of Kashmir? (2015) b) Muhammad Azam Shah c) Jalal-ud-din-Akbar a) Jalhana d) Shah Jahan b) Kalhana c) Bhattikavya Answer: Akbar d) Vasugupta

Answer: Kalhana Q.11) In the year, 1532, who among the following invaded Kashmir? (2017) Q.7 According to historians, Kashmir valley was originally known by which of the following a) Aurengzeb names?: (2015) b) Mirza Hyder c) Shah Jahan a) Baramulla d) Jehangir b) Kaspeiria c) Kashmar Answer: Mirza Hyder d) Kashyapmar Q.12) Durani Empire, which rules Jammu and Answer: Kashayapmar Kashmir, before it was annexed by Ranjit Singh, originally belonged to which of the following Q.8) Who was the prime minister of Maharaja countries (2017) Hari Singh under the Constitution of 1939? (2015) a) China b) Iraq

www.aspireadda.com c) Afghanistan Answer: Rupess 75 Lakhs. d) Vietnam Q.17) When did J&K Govt, propose 'stand still' Answer: Afghanistan agreements with India and Pakistan? (2017)

a) 15th August, 1947 Q.13) Who among the following was arrested at b) 12th August, 1947 th Domail by J&K State police in 1946? (2017) c) 15 august, 1946 d) 12th August, 1946 a) Jinnah th b) Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru Answer: 12 August, 1947 c) Sardar Patel Q.18) Who among the following was the Prime d) Shiekh Abdullah Minister of Jammu and Kashmir during the reign Answer: Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru of Maharaja Hari Singh, and later became the third Chief Justice of Supreme Court of India? Q.14) Who was appointed as the Emergency (2017) Administrator for the State on 30 October 1947 by Maharaja Hari Singh? (2017) a) Balraj b) Patanjali Shastri a) Jinnah c) Mehr Chand Mahajan b) Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru d) Prem Nath dogra c) Sardar Patel d) Shiekh Abdullah Answer: Mehr Chand Mahajan

Answer: Shiekh Abdullah Q.19) Hiuen-Tsang, the eminent Chinese traveller visited Kashmir during the rule of Q.15) Which place was believed to be the which dynasty? (2017) northern most limit of the historic Harappan Civilization? (2017) a) Karkota b) Gonada a) Burazahom c) Aditya b) Akhnoor d) Utpala c) Manda d) Leh Answer: Karkota

Answer: Manda Q.20) Rajatarangini, (“River of Kings”) historical chronicle of early India, was written in Sanskrit Q.16) What was the amount for which verse by

Maharaja Gulab Singh bought Kashmir's a) Soch Karal territories? (2017) b) Amin Kamal c) Kalhana a) Rupees 75 Lakhs d) Vyasa b) Rupess 55 Lakhs c) Rupees 50 Lakhs Answer: Kalhana d) Rupess 70 Lakhs

www.aspireadda.com Q.21) Under the leadership of Late Sheikh Q.25) On October 1947, who among the Mohd Abdullah, J&K Muslim Conference following was appointed as the Emergency converted into "All J&K National Conference" in Administrator for the state of Jammu and the year(2017) Kashmir by Maharaja Hari Singh? (2018)

a) 1942 a) Yuvaraj Karan Singh b) 1939 b) Sheikh Abdullah c) 1941 c) Bakshi Ghulam Mohammed d) 1945 d) Ghulam Mohammed Sadiq Answer : Shiekh Abdullah Answer: 1939

Q. 22) In the earliest recorded History, Buddhism in Kashmir was introduced by Expected Questions on History of emperor Ashoka in which century? (2018) Jammu and Kashmir

a) 6th Century AD 1) When did Chinese Pilgrim Hieun Tsang visited b) 5th Century BC c) 3rd Century BC Kashmir? d) 7th Century AD Ans AD 629 -631

Answer 3rd Century BC. 2) In which year “Treaty of Amritsar” signed?

Q.23) In the history of Jammu and Kashmir the Ans 1846 ruler of Darvabhisara named Samgramaraja belonged to which of the following dynasties? 3) When did Jagmohan took over as the (2018) Governor of J&K?

a) Kutumbi Ans 26th April, 1984 b) Lohara 4) Treaty of Amritsar was signed between? c) Utpala d) Huna Ans Gulab singh and British

Answer: Lohara 5) Who became the First Prime Minister of J&K ? Q.24) The kings named Toramana and Mihirakula belonged to which dynasty in the Ans Justice Mehar Chand Mahajan history of Jammu and Kashmir? (2018) 6) When did, Jammu and Kashmir acceded to a) Gonandiya India? b) Utpala c) Huna Ans 26th Oct, 1947 d) Kutumbi 7) The Title “Sadre-e-Riyasat” for governor and Answer: Huna Prime Minister for Chief Minister was abolished

in ?

www.aspireadda.com Ans 1965 18) Who was the founder of Gupta Dynasty?

8) Karvan-e-Aman bus service was launched Ans Parva Gupta between? 19) Lalitaditya was the ruler of which dynasty? Ans Srinagar and Muzzafarabad Ans Karkota 9) How many seats are there in the Constituent 20) In J&K Martyrs’ Day is observed every year Assembly of J&K ? on? Ans 89 (Elected: 87, Nominated:2) Ans 13th July 10) What is the amount that Gulab Singh paid to acquire Kashmir from British? 21) Kalhana, a famous historian of Kashmir lived during the reign of? Ans 75 Lakh Rupees Ans Jayasimha 11) Who was the last ruling king of J&K? 22) Which ruler introduced Dogri script? Ans Hari Singh Ans Raja Shakti karan 12) Where can we find the earliest source of 23) Gulab Singh Sent his Journal Zorawar Singh Kashmir? to Invade Ladakh? Ans Rajtrangini Ans 1834 13) According to Historians, Kashmir valley was 24) The famous tomb of Sheikh Noor-ud-din- originally known by which of the names? Noorani is situated in which District? Ans Kashyapmar Ans Budgam 14) Who is the writer of “Rajtrangini”? 25) Who was the first sufi entered in Kashmir? Ans Kalhana Ans Sayyid Sharaf-ud-din 15) According to Kalhana, who was the First king of Kashmir? 26) What was the period of Dogra Rule in J&K?

Ans Gonanda Ans 1846-1947

16) When did Maharaja Ranjit Singh Invaded 27) What was the period of Sikh Rule in Kashmir? Kashmir? Ans 1819-1846 (27 years) Ans 1814 or 1815 A.D 28) Who build the Panchavaktar Temple in the 17) Who was the founder of Jammu city? Kanak Mandi area of Jammu City? Ans Jammu Lochan

www.aspireadda.com Ans Maldev 39) In which year Rajtaringini was translated into English? 29) Who was the last Hindu ruler of Kashmir? Ans 1900 A.D Ans Udyan Dev 40) Historic Sun Temple at mattan was built by? 30) Delhi Agreement was formed in? Ans Raja Ram Dev Ans 1952 41) Who was the author of the book Raj 31) On which date state of J&K Came into darshani? existence? Ans Ganesh Das Wadhera Ans 16th March 1846 42) Who was the author of the book 32) According to traditions, Kashmir takes its Gulabnama? name from? Ans Dewan Kripa Ram Ans Sage Kashyap 43) Who was the founder of the Dharmath 33) What is the meaning of Rajtaraingini? Trust? Ans Kings of Kashmir Ans Gulab Singh 34) The famous Hari Pravat Fort is also known 44) Habba Khatoon was the queen of which as? Kashmiri King? Ans Koh-e-Maraan Ans Yousaf Shah Chak 35) In which Year Akbar annexed Kashmir? 45) The Mughal Emperor who brought Sacred Ans 1586 A.D Hair of Prophet Mohammad to Kashmir was?

36) During whose reign Raghunath temple was Ans Aurangzeb constructed? 46) Jammu was earlier Known as?

Ans Maharaja Ranbir Singh Ans Jambupura

37) The name of Afghan ruler who issued the 47) The word Kashmir Comes from Two Sanskrit coin in the name of Sheikh Noor-ud-din- rishi Words “Ka and Shimira” which means? was? Ans Water and Dry up Ans Atta Mohammad Khan 48) The Instrument of accession of J&k was 38) The Treaty also known as Sale deed of signed on? Kashmir was? Ans 26th October 1947 Ans Treaty of Amritsar

www.aspireadda.com 49) The Law regarding “State Subject” was Ans Lalleshwari passed by Maharaja Hari Singh on? 60) By Whom Jambu Lochan was succeded? Ans 31 March 1927 Ans Puran Karam 50) Who was the first and Last Sadr-i-Riyasat of 61) During which period Mughals ruled J&K was? Kashmir? Ans Dr Karan Singh Ans 1586-1753 51) Article 370 of Indian Union Constitution was adopted on? 62) When was Indus Water Treaty signed between India and Pakistan? Ans 17 october 1950 Ans 19 September 1960 52) When did Maharaja Hari Singh Became the 63) The Famous ruler of Kashmir who King of J&K? Constructed Shrine on Burial Site of Sheikh Ans 1925 Noor-ud-Din was?

53) Who was the first Sikh Ruler who conquered Ans Zain-ul-abdin Kashmir and defeated the Pathans in 1819 A.D? 64) Which famous garden of Kashmir was build Ans Maharaja Ranjit Singh by Shah Jahan for his beloved wife Noor Jahan?

54) Who was the first Chief Minister of J&K? Ans Shlimar Garden

Ans G M Sadak 65) Shah-I-Hamadan Shrine was constructed by Sultan Sikander in the memory of? 55) Maharaja Gulab Singh Died in? Ans Mir Sayed Ali Hamdini Ans 1857 66) Shah-I-Hamadan is popularly known as? 56) The treaty of Lahore takes place on? Ans Khanqah-I-Moulla Ans 09th March 1846 67) By which Chinese traveller Ladakh was first 57) The Government of Sheikh Mohammad described? Abdulla was dismissed by Karan Singh in? Ans Fa-Hian Ans 1953 68) Shimla agreement was signed on? 58) Who were Chaks? Ans 03 July 1972 Ans Dards 69) The name of first mosque built in Kashmir 59) What was the full name of Lal Dead? is?

www.aspireadda.com Ans Bud Masheed 80) During the reign of which King Sati was prohibited? 70) Who was the first women Sovereign of Kashmir who ruled for nearly 15 years? Ans Sultan Sikander

Ans Yasovati 81) In which year, Kashmir, was made a part of Lahore Durbar by Ranit Singh? 71) Where is it mentioned that Kashmir was originally a Lake? Ans 1819 AD

Ans Nila Mata Purana 82) When was Kashmir handed over to Raja Gulab Singh by sir Lawrence? 72) In which Century Chinese Traveller Huen Tsang visited Kashmir? Ans 9th Nov, 1846

Ans 07th Century A.D 83) Which reforms were advocated by Gulab Singh to gain actual possession of Kashmir? 73) Timur Sent which gift to Sultan Sikander? Ans (i) He reorganized the revenue and Police Ans Elephant Administration of valley 74) Who assumed the title of Shah Mir? (ii) He readdressed the grievances of Shawl Ans Shams-ud-din traders who were heavily taxed

75) The foundation of Raghunath Mandir was (iii) The most important reform was rationing of laid by? rice to the population of Srinagar

Ans Maharaja Gulab Singh 84) Who authored the Book “Cashmeer Misgovernment” ? 76) In which year Prince of Whales College (now GGM Science College) was established? Ans Robert Thorpe

Ans 1905 85) Which period was known for one of the most peaceful and progressive periods in the 77) Who imposed “Grahkrtya” and “Begar”? history of Kashmir valley?

Ans Shankara Varman Ans Dogra Period

78) The first Mir Waiz of Kashmir was? 86) Under whose reign, serious uprising took place in Gilgit? Ans Mir Waiz Moulbi Gulam Ahmed Ans Maharaja Gulab singh 79) Who was the first Afghan Governor of Kashmir? 87) Which period was known as the Darkest period in the history of Kashmir? Ans Abdulla Khan Ans Pathan

www.aspireadda.com 88) Which ruler assumes the title of Sultan Ans Spandasastra Shams-ud-din? 99) Martand Temple of Kashmir is dedicated to Ans Shah Mir which God?

89) When did Mughal Rule ended in Kashmir? Ans Sun God

Ans Before 1857 100) Mihirakula was the son of which king?

90) When did Maharaja Ranjit singh Died? Ans Hepthalites

Ans 1839

91) The First wodden bridge built at Srinagar is known as ?

Ans Zainakadal

92) During the reign of which hindu king Kalhana completed Rajatrangini?

Ans: Jaisimha

93) Who among the following wrote Shiva Sutras? Ans Vasu Gupta

94) The best preserved stone of ancient Kashmir are?

AnsMartand and Avantipur 95) During whose rule Budhism was introduced in Kashmir?

Ans Ashoka

96) Kashmir is also referred as ?

AnsTrika 97) Who was the founder of Karkota Dynasty?

AnsDurlabhavardhana

98) Which Kashmiri school of Shaivism was founded by Vishnugupta?

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Weather, Climate, Crops and Means The Sheltered valley of Kashmir, however, of Transport exhibits an exception to its peripheral region. 1) Jammu Region: Humid Sub-Tropical This Topic of the Syllabus is the least important as not many Questions are asked from this 2) Kashmir Valley: Temperate section. After analyzing the Last 3 years of JKSSB Question Papers, we found that only 2 3) Ladakh : Cold Arid Dessert Questions have been asked from this topic. (II) Major Crops of J&K Even there is No Question from Weather, Agriculture in the backbone of economy in the Climate and Transport. Only One Question is state of J&K. Directly or Indirectly, it supports asked on the Crops and that too of Saffron crop 80% of population. (2 Times) 1) Kharif Crops: Here are Questions asked in the previous JKSSB Exams  Sowing: May to July  Harvesting: September to October  Which of the following spices is grown in the state of Jammu and Kashmir?  Crops: Rice, Maize, Jowar, Bajra, (2015) Cotton, Groundnut, Jute, Tobacco etc.

 Which of the following activities in 2) Rabi Crops: Indian agriculture is known as Golden Zest? (2015)  Sowing: October to December  Harvesting: February to April  Crops: Wheat, Barley, Gram, Linseed, (I) Weather and Climate Mustard, Masoor, Peas

The climate of Jammu and Kashmir varies greatly owing to its rugged topography. In the south around Jammu, the climate is typically Major Crops in J&K monsoonal, though the region is sufficiently far 1) RICE: It is most dominant crop in the Entire west to average 40 to 50 mm (1.6 to 2 inches) state. in State is famous of rain per month between January and March. as the “Rice Bowl”. In the hot season, Jammu city is very hot and can reach up to 40 °C (104 °F) whilst in July and In Jammu, Tehsil of RS Pura, is famous for its August, very heavy though erratic rainfall occurs Basmatic Rice. Rice is mostly grown in the w awwith monthly districts of Jammu, Samba, Kathua, Srinagar, extremes of up to 650 millimeters (25.5 inches) Baramulla, , Anantnag

The temperature in the region varies spatially. 2) Wheat: It is the second major significant crop Leh is the coldest while Jammu is the hottest. in the state. It is a kharif crop in Ladakh, while Rabi crop in Jammu and Kashmir. Wheat is

www.aspireadda.com majorly produced in Jammu, Kathua, Udhampur  In 1922, another great highway, the and Rajouri. Banihal Cart road, which connects the Kashmir valley with Jammu 3) Maize: It is one of the most important cereal crops in J&K. It covers around 30% of total cropped region. The leading maize producing areas of are: Rjouri, doda, National Highways Poonch, Udhampur etc. Major areas in Kashmir (I) National Highway 1-A (Now NH-44): division are: Kupwara, Baramulla, and Anantnag. This highway is the main National Highway and it connects Kashmir Valley to the Rest of India. 4) Saffron: It is the significant cash crop of J&K. The Total Length of this highway is 663 Km, The It’s majorly grown in Pampore Pulawama Tehsil Northern terminal is URI, while at the southern with 75% of the Total saffron production. terminal is at Jalandhar. Other Popular Crops of J&K NH 1A number now does not exist and old NH 1) Walnuts: Kashmir Walnuts are famous all 1A is now a part of new NH 1 and NH 44 after over the world and is a great source of renumbering of all national highways in the substantial foreign exchange. year 2010.

2) Almonds: Almonds of Kashmir are known for NH 44 connent Kashmir with Kanyamukari their superiority in taste. They are classified and (II) National Highway-1B (NH-244) grouped on the basis of their thickness as “Papery”, Thin Shelled and Thick Shelled. This highway is entirely within the state of J&K. It connects Batote with Khanabal and is 274 Km 3) Strawberry: It is earliest fruit available in long. Srinagar market, during April. Route of this Highway is: Batote-Doda-Kishtwar- Other Popular Fruits grown here are Apricots Sympthan Pass-Khannabal (274 Km). It has been and Plums. renamed as National Highway 244

(III) Means of Transport in J&K (III) National Highway 1C(NH-144)

Road Transport is the major transportation NH 1-C is one of the shortest highways, entirely system for the people of J&K. In J&K, roads are within the state of J&K. It has a distance of 8 Km maintained by Public Works Departments, between Domel and Katra. Border Roads Organization and a few other Departments. Recently, it has been renamed as National Highway-144.  connects the valley of Kashmir with Jammu. Banihal Cart road (IV) National Highway 1D(NH-1) enters Kashmir valley through this Pass.

www.aspireadda.com National Highway is also known as Srinagar – 1) In 1983, Jammu –Udhampur Railway project Leh Highway and is entirely within the state of was kicked off. J&K. 2) In 2002, the Jammu-Udhampur-Baramulla- This highway, connects Srinagar with Leh in Railway Link declares the link as National Ladakh and is maintained by BRO. This highway Project. is also the Home to Fotu-La and Zoji-La pass. The Project in divide into 4 Parts As of 2010 notification from Ministry of Road Transport and Highways, NH 1D has been  Leg-0: Extending 53 Km from Jammu to renumbered as National Highway 1, along Udhampur, completed in April, 2005 following route. Starting at Uri, Baramula,  Leg-1: Extending 25 Km from Udhampur Srinagar, Kargil and terminating at Leh to Katra, completed in July-2014  Leg-2: Extending 129 Km from Katra to Railways Transport in J&K Banihal. (Under Construction)  Leg-3: Extending 119 Km from Banihal Jammu City is the Rail head of J&K. Kashmir to Baramulla.It isoperation since Oct, Valley and Ladakh are totally dependent on 2009. Road Transport. Expected Questions 1) Rail Connectivity is already extended to Katra in 1) Which is the most expensive crop, grown in J&K also known as Golden Harvest? 2) Work on Srinagar-Baramulla is going on Ans Saffron 3) The 287 Km Rail Line connecting Udhampur- Srinagar-Baramulla is vital for J&K from the 2) Which of the places or region of the valley point of view of acceleration of socio-economic known for the cultivation of saffron crop? development. Ans Pampore 4) Maharaja Pratap Singh is the first to explore the possibility of connecting Jammu with 3) Which is the Staple food of Kashmiris? Srinagar via Reasi through . Ans Rice Post-Independence ERA 4) Jammu and Kashmir is the leading producer Before Independence, Jammu was connected of which cash crop? with Sialkot Railway Line. After the partition, Ans Saffron Jammu-Sialkot Line was closed and Jammu- Pathnkot Line was established, there by 5) Which cropping pattern is followed in the bringing J&K on the Railway Map of India in state of Jammu and Kashmir? 1970 only. Ans Two crops a year

www.aspireadda.com 6) Which Pass connects the Valley of Kashmir 15) Which varieties of Silk are grown in the with Jammu? state of Jammu and Kashmir?

Ans Banihal pass Ans Mulberry, Eri, and Tsar

7) Which National highway links Kashmir valley 16) In British era, which road connects Jammu and Jammu with other parts of India? with Srinagar?

Ans NH 1A Ans Banihal Cart Road.

8) Which National Highway connects Katra with 17) Which National Highway is the part of Domel? North-South Corridor?

Ans NH 1C (Distance is 8 Km only) Ans National Highway 1A

9) Which national highway entirely in J&K and 18) Zoji La pass falls on which Highway? connects Srinagar with Leh also known as Ans NH-1D Srinagar-Leh Highway? 19) Which Organization has undertaken the Ans NH-1D Chennani- Nashri Tunnel project? 10) Which National Highway entirely with in J&K connects Batote with Khanabal? Ans National Highway Authority of India

Ans NH-1C 19) Which Region of J&K is totally depending on Road Transport? 11) Maize and Wheat are predominantly grown Ans Kashmir and Ladakh in which region? 20) When did JKSRTC came into existence? Ans Jammu Region Ans 1976 12) In which area of J&K, Saffron cultivation is done on large scale? 21) Recently, Srinagar Airport is renamed as?

Ans Pampore Ans Sheikh-ul-Alam Airport.

13) Crops Like Rice and Maize are sown in which 22) Which airport is J&K is upgraded as Month? International Airport?

Ans Mid July Ans Srinagar Airport.

14) Where in J&K, Asia’s Largest tulip garden is Located?

Ans Srinagar (At the foot hills of Zabarwan Mountains)

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