Biomass and Chemo-Therapeutant Modelling Report for West Glimps Holm Biomass and Chemo -Therapeutant Reporting Meridian Salmon Group

Biomass and chemo-therapeutant modelling report for West Glimps Holm Biomass and Chemo -therapeutant Reporting Meridian Salmon Group

Assignment Number: A30082-S25 Document Number: A-30082-S25-REPT-001

Xodus Group Ltd 8 Garson Place Stromness Orkney KW16 3EE UK

T +44 (0)1856 851451 E info@xodusgroup. com www. xodusgroup. com Client: Meridian Salmon Group Document Type: Report Document Number: A -30082 - S25 - REPT - 001

A01 2710312013 Issued for use

Rev Date Description Issued Checked Approved Client by by by Approval

Biomass Biomass andand chaino-chaino- therapeutant therapeutant moclelnng moclelnng reportreport forfor VestVest GlinpsGlinps Holm Holm— — Biomass Biomass andand Chemo-Chemo- therapeutant therapeutant Reporting Reporting Assignment Assignment Number. Number. A30082 -A30082 - S25 S25 Document Number: A 30082•30082• S25 - REPT 001 Table of Contents

1. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 4

1 INTRODUCTION 5

2 METHODOLOGY 6

3 INPUT DATA 7

3.1 Site specific characteristics 7 3.2 Hydrographic and bathymetric data 7

4 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 8

4.1 Biomass 8 4.1.1 Consent biomass 8 4.1.2 Transect lines and sampling stations 9 4.2 Bath treatment chemicals 11 4.2.1 Azamethiphos 11 4.2.2 Cypermethrin 11 4.2.3 Deltamethrin 11 4.3 In -feed chemicals 12 4.3.1 Slice 12 4.3.3 Calicide 15 4.5 Fate assessment 18

5 CONCLUSIONS 19

6 REFERENCES 20

APPENDIX A MARINE SUMMARY 21

Appendix A.1 Biomass and Site Specific Sampling Points 21 Appendix A.2 Initial Modelling Results for Sea Lice Treatments 22 Appendix A.3 Modelling Results for Sea Lice Treatments for Far -field area calculation error adjustment 23 Appendix A. 4 Recommended Sea Lice Treatments consent Limits for Sea Lice Treatments with Application of Precautionary Principle 24

APP ENDIX B SITE SPECIFIC DATA 25

Xodus Group has been commissioned by Meridian Salmon Group ( MSG) to undertake biomass and chemical modelling for the proposed West Glimps Holm salmon farm development situated in Scapa Flow, immediately west Glimps Holm. MSG will apply to the Scottish Environment Protection Agency (SEPA) for consent to discharge bath treatment chemicals ( azamethiphos, cypermethrin and deltamethrin) and in-feed chemicals ( Slice and Calicide) under the Controlled Activities Regulations ( CAR) 2005. All recommended consent limits for these sea lice chemicals are given in the marine summary sheets provided in Appendix A and on the CD accompanying this technical report. A summary is also provided below.

Biomass & Chemical Recommended consent mass

Biomass Modelling Biomass The biomass which can be supported by 12 cages at a stocking density of 16.8 kg/m3 and SFR of 0.7%, is 1,918.8 tonnes. (Benthic Model Run 10) A primary and contingency sampling transect has been defined for this site with the main orientation to the south west of the cage group. Bath treatment Azamethiphos The total quantity of azamethiphos discharged in any consecutive 24 hour period beginning at the time of the first release as part of any specific treatment, should not exceed 317.7 grams. This can be used to treat 4 cages at a treatment depth of 1 m . Cypermethrin The total quantity of cypermethrin discharged in any consecutive 3 hour period beginning at the time of the first release as part of any specific treatment, should not exceed 25 grams. This can be used to treat 6 cages at a treatment depth of 1 m . Deltamethrin The total quantity of deltamethrin discharged in any consecutive 3 hour period beginning at the time of the first release as part of any specific treatment, should not exceed 9.4 grams. This can be used to treat 5 cages at a treatment depth of 1 m . In-feed Slice The maximum treatment quantity ( MTQ) of chemical to be discharged over a period of 7 consecutive days should not exceed 671.6 grams which can be used to treat the peak biomass ( 1918.8 tonnes) of fish on site ( Slice Modelling Run 4). The total allowable quantity ( TAQ) of chemical recommended for the site is 3357.9 grams. This could be used for 5 treatments at peak biomass over the course of a two year period ( Slice Model Run 2). Calicide The total quantity of chemical to be discharged over a period of 7 consecutive days should not exceed 1,351 grams which can be used to treat 19.3 tonnes of fish on site (Calicide Model Run 6).

Biomass and chemo-therapeutant modelling report for West Glimps Holm – Biomass and Chemo- therapeutant Reporting Assignment Number: A30082- S25 Document Number: A-30082- S25-REPT- 001 4 1 INTRODUCTION The West Glimps Holm site will comprise 12 circular cages , each with a 100 m circumference and a net depth of 12 m. The cages are arranged in two symmetrical groups . Each group comprises two lines of three cages configured in a north south direction ( see Figure 4.1). The two groups are separated by a 70 m gap. The site centre of the cage groups is 58° 52.577' N 02° 55.781' W ( 346496 E 999141 N). The ADCP was deployed at position 58° 52.578 N 02° 55.726 W (346548 E 999142 N). The West Glimps Holm site is located west of Glimps Holm . Glimps Holm is the closest land to the site at a distance of 260 m ( see Figure 1.1). The site is sheltered by the coastline of Glimps Holm ( which rises to approximately 30 m) but is open to the wider Scapa Flow area to the north, south and west .

Figure 1.1 Location of the West Glimps Holm fish farm north of Hascosay

SEPA has approved the methodology detailed in Xodus Group, Group Quality Procedure ( Biomass & in-feed Chemo-therapeutants for Salmon Farm SEPA Consent Applications), which includes the non-site-specific aspects of this report. The public register identification code for the method statement is AMMRO5v02. Technical aspects of the West Glimps Holm salmon farm site are reported here, including all data, modelling and survey transect lines.

3.1 Site specific characteristics

Site specific data for the West Glimps Holm salmon farm site (including location and sea cage specifications) were provided by MSG and are presented in Appendix B.

3.2 Hydrographic and bathymetric data

A hydrographic and site survey for the West Glimps Holm site was undertaken in December 2012 by Xodus Group on behalf of MSG. This data was approved to the current standards set out in Attachment VIII of the SEPA Fish farm manual ( Version 2.7, October 2008). Within the hydrographic report Xodus Group suggested that data measured at 3.7 m rather than 2.7 m should be used for the sea bed current data. SEPA did not agree with this and stated that data from 2.7 m should be used for this modeling report. Therefore this report describes modeling conducted according to SEPA recommendations , with cage bottom and surface current data the same as previously recommended by Xodus Group. The hydrographic data was analysed using SEPA hydrographic excel template ( 20-minute interval data). In summary, the current flow is classed as being moderately flushed. The site is classed as an unconstrained site because the site is not located in a loch but in open water; Scapa Flow is a large unconstrained water body . The residual current flows into Scapa Flow and it is expected that material will be dispersed over a wide area.

All recommended consent limits for the West Glimps Holm salmon farm site are contained in the SEPA marine summary sheets (see Appendix A and accompanying CD). A summary of the results are presented in Sections 4.1 to 4.4.

4.1 Biomass

4.1.1 Consent biomass

The biomass at the fish farm, given the size of the cages, the local receiving environment and the specific stocking density is 1,918.8 tonnes . The resultant model outputs for this biomass are detailed in Appendix A.1 and Table 4.1 Benthic Model Run 10). Plots of the area of seabed deposition are displayed in Figure 4.1. The Allowable Zone of Effect ( AZE ) boundary encompasses a total seabed area of deposition of 23,819 m2 with a solid flux of 191.8 g/m2/yr. Table 4.1 Biomass modelling results for West Glimps Holm

Parameter Result Maximum biomass (tonnes) 1,918.8 Feed input (kg/day) 13,431.2 Stocking density (kg/m3) 16.8 Release of solids (kg/year) 783,475 Cage depth (m) 12 ITI 10 EQS criteria Flux (g/m2/ y) 1,546 Area (m2) 63,691

999630 Bathymetry ( m) Concentration g/m2/yr)

50 999430 25000. 00

30 20000. 00

20 999230 15000. 00

10 10000. 00

5 999030 7321. 50

2 5000. 00

0 998830 1545. 30

4 191. 80

6 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790 100. 00 Figure 4.1 Footprint of solid deposition at West Glimps Holm

The West Glimps Holm site is regarded as being moderately flushed (0.028 m/s) with the residual current oriented in a north-west direction ( 297°). Figure 4.2 illustrates the primary ( T1) and contingency ( T2) transect lines for the site. The primary transect line is located along the predominant current axis (297°). The secondary transect line is located along the north end of the site at the predicted impact location. Cross sections through both transects are presented in Figure 4.3 and 4.4. Site specific sampling points are also presented in Figure 4.2 with the grid references detailed in Table 4.2. Depth and distance from the cages of each sampling station is provided in the marine summary sheets ( see Appendix A). Table 4.2 Location of each sampling station

Transect NGR WGS84 X Y Lat Long Primary ( T1) EQS ( S1) 346389.2 999376.3 58°52'42.1907"N 2°55'53.7087"W EQS-10 m (S2) 346398 999371.6 58°52'42.0432"N 2°55'53.1525"W EQS+10 m (S3) 346380.6 999380.7 58°52'42.3303"N 2°55'54.2511"W Contingency ( T2) EQS ( S4) 346452.4 999435.5 58°52'44.1345"N 2°55'49.8153"W EQS-10 m (S5) 346453.6 999425.7 58°52'43.8178"N 2°55'49.7287"W EQS+10 m (S6) 346451.7 999445.6 58°52'44.4594"N 2°55'49.8689"W

Figure 4.3 Cross section of primary transect (T1)

Figure 4.4 Cross section of contingency transect ( T2)

Short ( 3 hours ) and long-term ( 24 hours) modelling of azamethiphos has been undertaken for the site. Azamethiphos did not reach practical compliance as detailed in Table 4.3. Table 4.3 Recommended consent limits for azamethiphos

Short term model results Mass permitted in any 3-hour period ( g) 137.9 g Number of cages 1 (rounded down from 1.7) Treatment depth 1 m Long term model results Mass permitted in any 24-hour period ( g) 317.7 g Maximum concentration after 72 hours 0.037 ug/l Number of cages 4 Treatment depth 1 m 4.2.2 Cypermethrin

Short term modelling of cypermethrin was undertaken for the site with recommended consent limit results detailed in Table 4.4. Table 4.4 Recommended consent limits for cypermethrin

Mass permitted in any 3-hour period (g) 25.0 g Number of cages 6 (rounded down from 6.3) Treatment depth 1 m 4.2.3 Deltamethrin

Short term modelling of deltamethrin was undertaken for the site with recommended consent limit results detailed in Table 4.5. Table 4.5 Recommended consent limits for deltamethrin

Mass permitted in any 3-hour period (g) 9.4 g Number of cages 5 (rounded down from 5.9) Treatment depth 1 m

Five times the peak biomass ( 9,594 tonnes) was used during modelling to determine the TAQ of Slice for the site. AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS ( Slice Model Run 1) at this treatment quantity with results detailed in Appendix A.2 and summarised in Figure 4.5. A plot of the area of seabed deposition of Slice from the TAQ pass run is displayed in Table 4.6. No blanking files were used in the modelling process. Table 4.6 Slice TAQ results for peak biomass

Parameter Result Modelling consent mass (TAQ) 3,357.9 g Equivalent treatable biomass 9,594 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 108,493 m2 Mass balance 1,846 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 241.7 µg\ kg

999630 Concentration Bathymetry (m) ug/kg)

50 999430

20 999230

10 7.63 5 999030

0 998830

6 0.76 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790 Figure 4.5 Footprint of deposition of initial model TAQ results of Slice

There is an error in the way in which AutoDEPOMOD calculates the far-field area. The code in the FFMT sheet determines the area of each group based on the cage dimensions plus a 100 m buffer; it then sums these to derive a value for the whole site. This introduces an error when cage groups are less than 200 m apart, since their respective far-field areas will overlap. As the West Glimps Holm site has two cage groups which are only 70 m apart it has been deemed that this may have an effect on the far-field area calculation. The following methodology was used to resolve this problem: The site consists of two groups that could form part of a continuous mooring grid as shown on Figure 4.4. The whole mooring grid was specified as 7x2 cages ( 14 cages) to derive an estimate of the far-field allowable impact area; and The two groups of cages were then re-specified for the individual cage groups. These new values replaced the appropriate values in the EQS test sheets. The resulting value will still be in error, however will provide a more realistic scenario for multiple groups. AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS ( Slice Model Run 2) at the treatment quantity of 3,357.9 g with results detailed in Appendix A.3 and summarised in Table 4.7. A plot of the area of seabed deposition of Slice from the TAQ pass run is displayed in Figure 4.6. No blanking files were used in the modelling process. As this represents the most realistic scenario for the site, all future modelling for slice was carried out with the far-field area calculation error adjustment. Table 4.7 Slice TAQ results for Far-field area calculation error adjustment

Parameter Result Modelling consent mass (TAQ) 3,357.9 g Equivalent treatable biomass 9,594 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 118,884 m2 Mass balance 2,115 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 275 µg\kg

999630 Concentration Bathymetry ( m) ug/kg)

50 999430

20 999230

10 7.63 5 999030

0 998830

6 0.76 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790

Figure 4.6 Footprint of deposition of Slice TAQ for Far-field area calculation error adjustment

The Maximum Treatment Quantity ( MTQ) of medicine was subsequently modelled with the far-field area calculation adjustment and the blanking file to determine the amount of medicine required to treat the peak biomass 1,918.8 tonnes) of stock on site. AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS at this treatment quantity (Slice Model Run 4), the results are summarised in Table 4.8. A plot of the area of seabed deposition of Slice from the MTQ PASS run is displayed in Figure 4.7. Table 4.8 Slice MTQ results for peak biomass

Parameter Result Recommended consent mass (MTQ) 671.69 g Equivalent treatable biomass 1,918.8 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 102,642 m2 Mass balance 400 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 52 µg\ kg

999630 Concentration Bathymetry (m) ug/kg)

50 999430

20 999230

10 7.63 5 999030

0 998830

6 0.76 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790

Figure 4.7 Footprint of deposition for the recommended MTQ of Slice

Calicide modelling was undertaken using the peak biomass ( 1,918.8 tonnes) of stock on site. AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS at this treatment quantity (Calicide Model Run 7). The results are detailed in Appendix A.2 and summarised in Table 4.9. A plot of the area of seabed deposition of Calicide is displayed in Figure 4.8. No blanking files were used in the modelling process. Table 4.9 Modelling results for Calicide

Parameter Result Modelling consent mass 134,316 g Equivalent treatable biomass 1,918.8 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 72,379 m2 Mass balance 49,693 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 13.6 mg/kg

999630 Bathymetry ( m) Concentration mg/kg)

999430 50

20 999230

10 7.63 5 999030

0 998830

6 0.76 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790

Figure 4.8 Footprint of deposition for initial model results of Calicide

As discussed in Section 4.3.1.2 there is an error in the way in which AutoDEPOMOD calculates the far-field area and the same methodology was used to resolve this problem for Calicide. AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS ( Calicide Model Run 10) at the treatment quantity of 134,267 g with results detailed in Appendix A.3 and summarised in Table 4.10. A plot of the area of seabed deposition of Calicide from the passed run is displayed in Figure 4.9. No blanking files were used in the modelling process. As this represents the most realistic scenario for the site, all future modelling for Calicide was carried out with the far-field area calculation error adjustment. Table 4.10 Calicide results for Far-field area calculation error adjustment

Parameter Result Modelling consent mass 134,316 g Equivalent treatable biomass 1918.8 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 72,379 m2 Mass balance 49,693 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 13.6 mg/kg

999630 Bathymetry (m) Concentration mg/kg)

999430 50

20 999230

10 7.63 5 999030

0 998830

6 0.76 346990998630345990 346190 346390 346590 346790

Figure 4.9 Footprint of deposition of Calicide for Far-field area calculation error adjustment

As discussed in Section 4.3.2.1 and Section 4.3.2.2 AutoDEPOMOD achieved a PASS result for 134,267 g of Calicide. This quantity of Calicide will have an associated affected area of 585.5 km2. The receiving area is unconstrained ( as discussed in Section 4.2) and is limited under the SEPA guidance to 10 km2. The precautionary principle has therefore been applied to the site as the affected area is greater than the receiving area ( See Calculation 1 as shown below). However by applying this calculation it generated an affected area of 17 km2 ( Calicide Model Run 4 and therefore the consent mass were reduced manually until compliance was achieved ( Calicide Model Run 6). Table 4.11 details the recommended consent mass and equivalent treatable biomass results at this site. In addition results are also detailed in Appendix A.5. As indicated in the modelling results, there is a low associated impact to the seabed and therefore a plot has not been included.

Calculation 1 Mr = ( Arear / Areaa) x Massa

Where: Mr = precautionary principle consent mass Arear = Receiving area Areaa = Affected area (modelling)

Massa = AutoDEPOMOD consent mass

Table 4.11 Recommended consent mass of Calicide

Parameter Result Receiving area ( Arear) 10 km2 Affected area (modelling) ( Areaa) 585.5 km2

Modelling consent mass (Massa) 134,316 g Precautionary principle mass (Mr) 2,294 g Recommended consent mass (M) 1,351 g Equivalent treatment biomass 19.3 tonnes Area of impact at far field EQS 0 m2 Mass balance 0 g Mean concentration within near field AZE 0 mg/kg

The mean concentration of Calicide in the near field AZE does not exceed the trigger value ( 10 mg/kg) indicating that enhanced monitoring is not required at the site if Calicide is used.

The amount of medicine remaining in the model domain has been calculated for both Slice and Calicide ( Table 4.12) taking into consideration chemical degradation and feed wastage.

Table 4.12 Mass balance of Slice and Calicide at West Glimps Holm salmon farm site

In-feed medicine Slice Calicide

Mass balance 1846 g 0 g Consent mass 3357.9 g 1,351 g Medicine mass lost from the model 369.8 g 1,215.9 g domain which takes into account 11.01 %) 90 %) chemical degradation and feed wastage

The prediction of the likely fate of the chemical material is based on the 15 day hydrographic data set for the West Glimps Holm site. West Glimps Holm is classed as a modelled flushed site. The major tidal axis for the near bed currents was determined to be in a north-west direction. A significant amount of medicine will leave the model domain and therefore a fate assessment has been deemed necessary. The site is located within the open waters of Scapa Flow. The residual current is in a north-west orientation which flows in to the wider area of Scapa Flow relative to the salmon farm site. It is therefore expected that material will be dispersed over a wide area. It is expected that majority of the material will disperse north west in to Scapa Flow with a small proportion escaping to the Pentland Firth or Atlantic Sea. The receiving volume of Scapa Flow is 170 km2 therefore it is not expected that the material will accumulate in a significant concentration. In summary, it is not expected that there will be a significant impact from material dispersed from this site.

MSG is applying for consent under the Control of Activities Regulations ( CAR) (2005) to discharge bath treatment azamethiphos, cypermethrin and Deltamethrin) and in-feed chemicals ( Slice and Calicide) at the West Glimps Holm salmon farm site. AutoDEPOMOD ( v.2) and BathAuto ( v5.1) was used to determine the recommended consent limits of sea lice chemicals for the site. All results are detailed in Appendix A and on CD accompanying this technical report.

Aurora Environmental Ltd ( 2005). Standard operating procedure for modelling Biomass and in Feed Chemo- therapeutants for Salmon Farm SEPA Consent Application. AE-SOP-008, pp 9. Aurora Environmental Ltd ( 2004a). Standard Operating Procedure for interpretation of hydrographic and bathymetric data for SEPA consents, AE -SOP-010, pp 7. Aurora Environmental Ltd ( 2004b). Standard Operating Procedure for modelling sea lice bath treatments for salmon farm SEPA consent applications , AE-SOP -007, pp 6. Aurora Environmental Ltd ( 2007). Standard Operating Procedure for Hydrographic and Bathymetric Data Collection for Salmon Farm SEPA Consent Applications, AE-SOP-005, pp 5 Hydrographer of the Navy ( 1997) 2382 Loch Fyne West Coast of Scotland, Published by the United kingdom Hydrographic Office ( 28 August 1997). Scottish Environmental Protection Agency ( SEPA) ( 2008). Annex H Methods for Modelling In – Feed Anti parasites and Benthic Effects. Regulations and monitoring of marine cage fish farming in Scotland. A procedure manual, SEPA, Dingwall. Scottish Environment Protection Agency ( SEPA) ( 2003). Annex G Models for assessing the use of medicines in bath treatments. Regulation and monitoring of marine cage fish farming in Scotland. A procedures manual, SEPA, Dingwall. Xodus Group LTD Hydrographic Analysis Reporting - West Glimps Holm. A-30082- S24-REPT- 001 2012

Appendix A.1 Biomass and Site Specific Sampling Points

Biomass and chemo-therapeutant modelling report for West Glimps Holm – Biomass and Chemo- therapeutant Reporting Assignment Number: A30082- S25 Document Number: A-30082- S25- REPT -001 23 Appendix A.4 Recommended Sea Lice Treatments consent Limits for Sea Lice Treatments with Application of Precautionary Principle

Client Details

Client Meridian Salmon Group Ltd Xodus Group Project No A30480-S23

General site data

Data required Details Source of data Site name West Glimps Holm MSG National grid reference 346496 E 999141 N MSG Name of receiving water Scapa Flow MSG Peak biomass ( tonnes) 1,918. 8 MSG Current met er national grid reference 346548 E 999142 N MSG Water depth at site centre ( m) 15.9 Xodus Group Annual feed load (tonnes) 13,431.2 Xodus Group True ( grid) North - 2.11 E Xodus Group For Azamethiphos, Deltamethrin and Cypermethrin only Open water data only Distance to shore (m) 209 Xodus Group Site -specific data

Data required Details Source of data Number of cages 12 MSG Number of cages in the longest axis X1 = 2 X2 = 2 MSG Number of cages in the shortest axis Y1 = 3 Y2 = 3 MSG Shape of cages Round MSG diameter ( m) 31.8 MSG Working (net) depth (m) 12 MSG Spacing between site centres (m) X = 70 MSG Y = 70 MSG

Hydrographic data required File location of RAW hydrographic data CD Accompanying this report Xodus Group Surface current speed units (m/s or cm/s) m/s Xodus Group Depth at current meter mooring ( m) 26 Xodus Group Height of the surface meter from the bottom (m) 6 m from surfaces Xodus Group Height of the middle meter from the bottom (m) 10 Xodus Group Height of the bottom meter from the bottom (m) 2.7 Xodus Group Number of hourly record at which springs Xodus Group commence (index number) 153 Number of hourly record at which neaps Xodus Group commence (index number) 328 Mean sea level ( mCD) 1.93 Xodus Group

Biomass and chemo-therapeutant modelling report for West Glimps Holm – Biomass and Chemo- therapeutant Reporting Assignment Number: A30082- S25 Document Number: A-30082- S25-REPT- 001