Timeline Final

Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Albuquerque History Timeline Era Pueblo Indian Early Spanish Spanish Colonial Mexican Republic U.S. Territorial U.S. Statehood

Dates 1400 1500 - 1549 1550-1599 1600 - 1649 1650 - 1699 1700 to 1719 1720 to 1739 1740 to 1759 1760 to 1779 1780 to 1799 1800 1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860 1870 1880 1890 1900 1910 1920 1930 1940 1950 1960 1970 . 1980 1990 2000 1940 - Coronado Quarto-Centennial 1970 - Chihuahua, México, becomes 1980 - Intel opens its first plant in Rio . . 1920 - Albuquerque population is Celebration; telephones converted to 1950 - Albuquerque population is 1960 - Albuquerque population is sister city; Alvarado Hotel, queen of the Rancho; Rio Rancho incorporated as 1880 - Railroad arrives; horsedrawn 1900's - Albuquerque becomes known 15,157. Chamber of Commerce hosts . dial phones. 97,012. KANW begins first FM 198,856. City has highest number of city's railroad heyday, is demolished. city. 1703 - Farming village of Atrisco streetcars run on Railroad Avenue (later as "health city" for tubercular patients; New Mexico Harvest Festival; 1930 - Albuquerque Little Theater 1941 - Albuquerque Army Air Base gets broadcast of educational shows. Ph.D.'s per capita in U.S. 1971 - Albuquerque Sunport renamed 1981 - Ben Abruzzo captains longest founded on west bank of Rio Grande. 1870 - Population 1,307. 9th Census named Central Avenue) to Old Town Central School built at Lead and Third. Albuquerque Country Club formed; KOB opens; TWA begins twice daily flights. first planes and begins training bomber 1951 - University of Albuquerque 1961 - Winrock Mall, first shopping Albuquerque International. balloon flight in history across Pacific . Report Plaza; first daily paper lasts only two 1902 - Alvarado Hotel opens as begins broadcasting. 1932 - Albuquerque Dons is first pro crews; Continental begins daily flights. established. center opens; 16 story Bank of New 1972 - First Kodak Albuquerque Int'l Ocean. 1706 - "Old Town" area settled and 1780-1781- Forty-six Albuquerqueans 1880 - Huning Highlands Addition issues then Albuquerque Publishing showcase of Fred Harvey chain at a cost 1910 - First permanent steel bridge. 1922 - Lovelace hospital founded; baseball team; Civic Symphony formed. 1942 - Albuquerque Army Air Base 1952 - City passes the nation's first anti- Mexico building completed as tallest Balloon Festival with 16 hot air balloons; 1983 - First Annual Albuquerque named after Duke of Alburquerque by and 5,000 Pueblo Indians die in a platted to become the city's first takes over to print the Albuquerque of $200,000. 1911 - First airplane flight in Curtis National Bank builds first skyscraper of 1933 - Depression closes First National renamed Kirtland Army Air Field. discrimination ordinance. building in downtown. Convention Center opens; two Gathering of Nations Powwow held; Don Francisco Cuervo y Valdéz with 19 1760 - The Acequias (irrigation ditches) smallpox epidemic. 1851 - U.S. Post Office opens in 1862 - Confederate and Union soldiers residential development. Daily Journal; Huning's Highland Addition 1890 - Albuquerque Commercial Club 1903 - President Teddy Roosevelt visits. Biplane at old Fairground. nine stories. Bank, U.S. Indian Hospital opens. 1943 - USCG patrol frigate USS 1955 - Huning Castle demolished, 1962 - President John F. Kennedy visits Albuquerqueans win Olympic medals in Helmstedt, Germany, becomes sister families and 10 soldiers from Bernalillo. system are well established as the 1789 - 1,347 people recorded as living Albuquerque; Franz Huning opens his skirmish; Confederate flag flies over Old 1874 - Bilingual newspaper, "The builds famous two million dollar "Castle." founded. 1905 - Oreste Bachechi builds Savoy 1912 - Railroad Avenue renamed Central 1925 - Santa Fe RR "Indian Detours" 1935 - Dennis Chavez named U.S. Albuquerque (PF-7) commissioned; artifact of the town's railroad promoter Sandia Labs for weapons briefing. Munich: Cathy Carr and Janet Ely. city; USS Albuquerque (SSN 706) Los Albuquerque Also, San Felipe De Neri Church is lifeblood of Albuquerque settlements; in Albuquerque, one third of them first store. Town Plaza for two months; Republican Review" is started by William 1881 - First Territorial Fair; Atchison, 1891 - Albuquerque incorporates as a Hotel, considered to be Albuquerque's Avenue. pueblo tours begin; Clyde Tingley is Senator by Governor Clyde Tingley. decommissioned Yokosuka, Japan 1953. Franz Huning; Albuquerque Academy 1963 - Coronado Mall opens; work 1973 - City purchases volcanoes on Angeles class submarine commissioned. Albuquerque constructed on West side of plaza. Mayordomos are elected to supervise children. 1853 - Amiel Whipple explores possible Confederates bury several captured McGinnis; Old Town becomes an "island" Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad erects 20- city with population of 6,059 (Old Town finest. 1913 - First aerial photographs of elected Chairman of City Commission 1937 - Route 66 realigned to east and 1945 - Kirtland becomes B-29 training opens; TWA Flight 260 crashes into begins on International Sunport. West Mesa to preserve them from 1984 - El Dorado High School Girls 1990 - Ashgabat, Turkmenistan, "Alburquerque" comes from the Latin 1726 - Various visitors report water disputes and supervise the annual 1790 - Census lists 57 farmers, 4 1810-1814 - Dr. Cristóbal Larrañaga railroad routes through Albuquerque; canons in Old Town Plaza. as it is surrounded by Rio Grande bed tubercular hospital. plus New Town) public library opens; 1906 - Occidental Life Insurance Co. Albuquerque by Roy Stamm. and serves on and off for 29 years until west through Albuquerque. base; Blue Cross begins service in Sandia Peak taking 16 lives. 1966 - Sandia Peak Tramway opens; I- development. Basketball team wins 74 consecutive becomes sister city; Petroglylph National . "albus querqus," signifying "white oak" Albuquerque to be a loose settlement of 1748 - Sandia Land Grant re-established cleaning of the acequias. ranchers, 47 weavers, 25 carders, and vaccinates 124 children for smallpox. First newspaper "El Amigo del Pais." 1863 - First successful English language flooding. 1881-1883 - First gas balloon public school system (APS) begins. established here. 1914 - Albuquerque High moved to 1953. 1938 - New Mexico State Fair reopens. Albuquerque; Sandia Labs (former Los 1956 - 250th birthday party begins, Old 40 and I-25 interchange through 1975 - Bill Gates and Paul Allen begin victories - the longest winning streak in Monument established, the only national on the city's coat of arms today. farms with a few "Sunday houses" near to resettle Sandia Tiwa Indians. Corrales 1763 - Albuquerque's assistant alcalde 15 spinners. 1814 - Albuquerque holds first election 1821 - Albuquerque prospers as a 1856 - First ferry across Rio Grande. newspaper "Rio Abajo Weekly Press." 1875 - "A New Englander" sinks the first ascenscion during Territorial Fair. 1892 - University of New Mexico opens 1908 - Southwestern Presbyterian Broadway and Central. 1926 - Route 66 comes through 1939 - New Mexico native Conrad Hilton Alamos "Z" Division" begins Albuquerque Town designated "Historic Area." Albuquerque completed; Sasebo, Japan Microsoft in Albuquerque. the nation. monument jointly managed with a city. 1696 - Alameda Land Grant is . the church. settlement begins. establishes San Miguel de Carnué east of 1792-93 - Neglected San Felipe de Neri creating an ayuntamiento or municipal trading center in the Rio Grande Valley 1857 - Beale's wagon road established 1867 - U.S. Army abandons Albuquerque well in Old Town's Plaza and people 1882 - First telephone service started; on its present location. Sanitorium opens, now Presbyterian 1915 - New Mexico State Fair closes due Albuquerque on a north/south route. builds a Hilton Hotel on 2nd Street; operations. 1957 - Civic Auditorium opens; UFO becomes sister city. 1976 - Indian Pueblo Cultural Center 1985 - Route 66 decommissioned as a There are over 20,000 petroglyphs 2000 - National Hispanic Cultural Center . established north of city. 1710 - Alameda Land Grant made to 1732 - Albuquerque established as 1750 - Albuquerque satellite Albuquerque. church collapses over the winter. council. and re-establishes its ayuntamiento 1846 - Lt. James Abert and Lt. William between Albuquerque and California; post creating a deep local recession. come from as far as Los Lunas to get first permanent bridge built with five 1897 - First movie shown, a boxing Hospital; automobile speed limit set at 8 to WWI and financial problems. 1927 - Albuquerque Zoo opens at Rio Municipal Airport opens; U.S. Army 1948 - KOB-TV begins broadcasting. sighted over Albuquerque. 1967 - Albuquerque Museum of Art opens. national highway. within the Monument and several opens. 1400s - Indian Pueblos in the 1698 - Governor de Vargas makes land Captain Francisco Montes Vigil. annual meeting place for Camino Real communities include Corrales, Los 1774 - Two hundred Comanches raid 1793 - Governor Fernando de la Concha 1805 - Population: 6,930 of which 87% 1815 - King of Spain dissolves municipal municipal council government. Plaza Peck enter the city during their 3-month Camels quartered at Army stables in 1868 - French Bishop Lamy brings Italian cold, clear water. cent toll to cross Rio Grande. match between Bob Fitzimmons and miles per hour; eight passenger trains 1916 - Clyde Tingley elected alderman Grande Park; KiMo theater opens; KiMo leases land east of the airport for flight 1949 - Old Town annexed into City of 1959 - Lovelace Hospital tests NASA opens to the public. 1978 - Albuquerque balloonists Maxie 1986 - New Mexico Museum of Natural prehistoric campsites dating 2005 - Anderson-Abruzzo Albuquerque . Albuquerque area include: Acoma, Santo 1540 - Spanish explorer Coronado grants in Albuquerque area between 1712 - Land Grant of 70,000 acres trade (Northern Nuevo México to Griegos, Los Montoyas, Los Poblanos, Albuquerque. orders every family to donate labor or have contracted smallpox. council. renamed "Plaza de la Constitución government survey of Nuevo México. Albuquerque. Jesuits to Albuquerque; Santero art is 1876 - First telegraph arrives. 1883 - Grant Opera house opens; James Corbett; first automobile arrives, daily. and reigns in New Mexico politics for 38 means "King of its Kind." training base which thousands of New Albuquerque to boost population astronauts; Ideal Cement Co. opens in 1968 - Albuquerque native Bobby Unser Anderson, Ben Abruzzo and Larry History opens to the public; Guadalajara, over 10,000 years old. International Balloon Museum opens. Domingo, San Felipe, Santa Ana, Zia, arrives seeking the fabled Seven Cities Alameda and the swamps of Mejia - made to Elena Gallegos and Ranchos de Chihuahua and Durango in Nueva and Los Gallegos. Cemetery established 1776 - Only 24 houses observed by money to rebuilding the church on north 1807, March - Zebulon Pike is detained 1818-1820 - War with Apaches and 1822 - Population 2,302 (not including 1849 - Marcy's Road opened from Ft. 1858 - Army creates wagon road cleared away; Albuquerque becomes 1878 - Central Bank, Albuquerque's St.Vincent Academy founded. a "Locomobile." 1909 - First tethered balloon flight in years; JC Penney's opens. 1928 - First airplane landing field built on Mexico residents build under the WPA for1950 census; Western Electric takes Tijeras Canyon; Albuquerque's first wins Indianapolis 500 at a record Newman are first ever to cross the México, and Hualien, Taiwan, become 1996 - Lanzhou, China, becomes sister 2005-2006 - Albuquerque celebrates its . Isleta, Sandia and Jemez. of Cibola. today's Barelas neighborhood. Alburquerque started. España). in front of plaza church. Father Domínguez. side of plaza. in Albuquerque by Spanish military. Navajos intensifies. outlying villages). Smith, Arkansas to Albuquerque. through Tijeras Canyon. headquarters for Jesuits in New Mexico. first, opens doors. 1885 - Town is incorporated, Henry Jaffa elected1898 - Firstfirst mayor.chemical fire engine. 1887Albuquerque. - First Baptist church chartered. 1918 - First automobile 1889 show. - University ofEast New Mesa; Mexico KGGM (UNM) begins founded. broadcasting. program. over Sandia Labs. McDonald's opens at 5900 Menaul NE. 152.882 mph. Atlantic Ocean in a balloon. sister cities. city. 300th birthday!! . 1665-1676 - Severe droughts hit . southwest. 1750 - As part of the Bourbon Reform, 1940 - Population is 532,818. 1563 - Francisco de Ibarra coins the 1687-1711 - Jesuit missions expanding Nuevo México is planned to be an . 1941-1945 - Two New Mexico regiments 1536 - Cabeza de Vaca mentions a term "Nuevo México" referring to the into Arizona and the Pimería Alta which important defensive buffer protecting 1860 - Population is 90,573. are in Bataan Death March; 17,157 New 1400s - Some 40,000 Pueblo Indians populous country to the north with big region that will become New Mexico. will create future commercial networks rich northern Nueva España mining from 1800 - Col. José Manuel Carrasco 1810 - Bernardo Abeyta discovers a 1821 - The Mexican Republic allows 1850 - U.S. Congress "Organic Act" 1862 - Union Forces defeat Confederate 1880 - Population is 109,793. Pueblo Mexico men are on active duty; Navajo live in the Nuevo México area with first houses and luxury goods, renewing 1598-1599 - Juan de Oñate creates first for Nuevo México. French. discovers a fabulous deposit of copper shining crucifix, which becomes the trade with U.S., and the1792 Trail to St. creates the Territory of New Mexico and troops at Glorieta Pass, called the Indians negotiate for jobs in exchange 1911 - New Mexico Alien Land Act 1920 - Population is 360,350. New Code Talkers are recruited to fight in Nuevo México/ apartment structures, complex irrigation interest in exploring Nueva España's permanent Spanish settlement of Nuevo 1608 - King of Spain makes Nuevo 1680-1699 - Spaniards flee after the 1757 - Governor Marín del Valle's map which in 1804 becomes the Santa Rita Santuario de Chimayó Shrine in 1813. Louis is opened to American traders and 1835 - Don Albino Pérez appointed bicameral legislature; New Mexico's "Gettysburg of the West." for railroad rights of way. prohibits Asians from owning land. Mexico is the 32nd state to approve the Pacific. systems, and trading with tribes in northern frontier; this includes the México. Franciscans begin establishing México a Spanish Royal Province and Pueblo Revolt and remain in El Paso in and census of Nuevo México shows 1792 - Trail is blazed to St. Louis by Mine. 1812 - Don Pedro Bautista Pino named the Santa Fe Trail. William governor but is opposed by popular Don 1841 - Governor Armijo thwarts an Organic Act denies Pueblo Indian 1863-1866 - U.S. Army campaigns 1881 - Linkup of Atchison, Topeka & 1912 - New Mexico becomes forty- 19th Amendment giving women the 1943 - Los Alamos Labs founded; 1950 - Population is 681,187. Uranium 1990 - Population is 1,515,069. New Mexico Northern México. region that will become Nuevo México. early missions. Conflict among Indians, gives Fransiscans permission to create the southern Nuevo México territory. 5,170 Spaniards with 2,543 horses, 1770 - "La Conquistadora" declared a Frenchman Pedro Vial, but trade with 1807 - After the Louisiana Purchase, publishes a census showing 40,000 in Becknell arrives with a pack train of Manual Armijo. attempt by Texans to take eastern citizenship and voting rights. against Mescalero Apaches and Navajos; Santa Fe with Southern Pacific at 1898 - Teddy Roosevelt recruits Rough 1900 - Population is 195,310. seventh state. right to vote. atomic age begins. is discovered near Grants; a bear cub 1993 - Outbreak of mysterious 1400s - Nomadic Athabaskan peoples, 1539 - Franciscan Fray Marcos de Niza Spanish colonists, military, missions here. 1692 - General Diego de Vargas declares 1720 and beyond - Nuevo Mexicanos 7,832 cattle and 47,621 sheep and Patron Saint of Nuevo México. U.S. is prohibited. Zebulon Pike spies in Nuevo México to Nuevo México in 3 villas, 102 plazas and goods from Mississippi to become known 1837 - Pérez's plan for taxation causes Nuevo México. 1851 - French Archbishop Lamy 8,000 Navajo and 450 Apaches Deming establishes second Riders from New Mexico into the Spanish- 1904 - Most disastrous flood in New 1916 - Mexican revolutionary, Pancho 1923 - Oil discovered in northern New 1945 - Sandia Labs begin operations; rescued from a fire in the Capitan 1980 - Population is 1,303,393. Hantavirus in Four Corners area. 2000 - Population is 1,819,046. . later known as the Apache and Navajo and Estevan lead an expedition to find administration and the Church plus 1610 - Spanish Governor Don Pedro de peaceful reconquest of Nuevo México 1716 - San Clemente Land Grant strengthen important trade links by way goats; Pueblo and Hopi Indians number 1777 - Juan Bautista de Anza appointed 1799 - Census figures show 23,648 learn what would be required to take the 26 Indian towns; Pino also speaks for as the "Father of the Santa Fe Trail." a revolt and Manuel Armijo becomes 1846 - U.S. invades under direction of migrates to Santa Fe from Ohio and prisoners are forced to make "The Long transcontinental railroad; Pat Garrett American War effort; fourteen officers Mexico history takes many lives. Villa, raids in southern New Mexico. Mexico's San Juan Basin. first atomic bomb is detonated at Trinity Mountains is taken to Washington, D. C. 1970 - Population is 1,017,055. 1987 - Fifteen hundred believers gather 1996 - State Legislature declares that 2000 - Sierra Grande "controlled burn" arrive in Nuevo México area and the Cibola. Estevan reaches the Zuni village extended drought will lead to a Pueblo Peralta inaugurates construction of Villa and Spanish recolonization begins; de founded, which encompasses the of annual trips to Chihuahua in Nueva 9,000 and own 4,831 horses, 8,325 governor of the Province of Nuevo Hispanics and 10,557 Indians in Nuevo territory; he is detained and escorted to Nuevo México before Spanish Parliament 1826 - Kit Carson arrives in Nuevo interim governor pending word from General Kearny and places Nuevo México begins instituting religious and Walk" of 300 miles to Bosque Redondo 1870 - Population is 90,573. shoots William H. Bonney, a.k.a. Billy the and 242 enlisted men are mustered into 1908-1909 - Severe droughts cause 1917 - USS New Mexico launched as 1925 - The Zia symbol is adopted as Site rattling windows in Albuquerque. National Zoo to become U.S. Forest 1975 - First antenna of Very Large at Chaco Canyon to celebrate the the official state question will be, "Red fire in Los Alamos burns thousands of Southwest. of Hawikuh where he is killed. Revolt in 1680. of Santa Fe. Vargas also returns "La Conquistadora." present village of Los Lunas. España. cattle and 64,561 sheep and goats. México. México. Chihuahua by Spanish troops. in Cadiz, Spain. México. México City. under United States military rule. educational reforms. reservation. Hundreds die in the process. 1879 - Railroads come to New Mexico. Kid. The First New Mexico Cavalry. decline in sheep industry. newest U.S. Fleet Battleship BB-40. the center of the New Mexico state flag. 1930 - Population is 423,317. 1947 - Roswell UFO incident occurs. Service's Smokey Bear. 1960 - Population is 951,023. Array (VLA) in Socorro in place. Harmonic Convergence. or Green?" acres. . . . . 1963 - President Kennedy assassinated. 1990 - Hubble Space Telescope 1860 - Abraham Lincoln elected 1910 - U.S. Hamilton Enabling Act allows 1920 - Adoption of the 19th 1960-1964 - "Route 66" TV show airs. launched; Petroglylph National English Colonial Era in North America 1844 - First public demonstration of 1850 - Territory of New Mexico created president. New Mexico and Arizona to form Amendment gives women the right to 1939-1945 - Manhattan project 1964 - U. S. Civil Rights Act passes; Gulf Monument established, the only National continues. Samuel Morse's telegraph. which then includes Arizona. 1861 - Western Union builds first separate governments equal with other vote; radio broadcasting begins. 1930-1934 - Great U.S. Depression. develops and detonates world's first 1950 - Korean War begins; direct-dialed of Tonkin Resolution allows President Monument jointly managed with a city. 1684-1697 - LaSalle explores the 1803 - Slave revolt in Haiti expels 1845 - U.S. annexes Texas, which 1854 - Gadsden Purchase averts transcontinental telegraph line along 1873 - Mass-produced typewriters states. 1920-1926 - Route 66 commissioned, 1931-1939 - Eight year severe drought atomic bomb at Trinity Site, New long-distance service begins. Lyndon B. Johnson to go to war in 1991 - First Persian Gulf War in Iraq. 2000 - Dr. Wen Ho Lee freed with Mississippi. English Colonial Era in North America Napoleon, making France's ownership of 1831 - Joseph Henry demonstrates an México declares an act of war. another war with Mexico and adds railroad right-of-way. introduced. 1914 - Panama Canal completed. only 800 miles paved. creates the Great Dust Bowl. Mexico. 1941 - Japan 1952 - Cézar Chávez begins his 25-year Vietnam; Beatlemania arrives. 1994 - North American Free Trade apology by U.S. District Judge James A. USA 1587 - Sir Walter Raleigh founds first 1675-1676 - Southern New England continues until 1778. Louisiana unnecessary; France transfers Electro-magnetic motor device with no 1846 - U.S. invades México starting The 45,000 sq. miles to southern New 1861-1865 - American Civil War. 1873-1874 - Barbed wire invented, 1892 - First gasoline powered car is built 1917-1919 - U.S. involved in World War 1923-1929 - Teapot Dome Scandal and 1933 - Prohibition repealed with passing bombs Pearl Harbor and U.S. enters WW campaign for civil rights for workers and 1965 - Immigration and Nationality Act Agreement goes into effect between Parker. English colony in North Carolina, badly 1607 - English Colonial Era begins with Puritans execute Indian chiefs and sell 1773 - The Boston Tea Party protests Louisiana Territory to the U.S. for $15 1812-1815 - U.S. and Britain fight War practical use. Mexican-American War. Mexico and Arizona. 1862 - Plastic invented. transforming the western open range. in the United States. 1900's - Many Americans suffering from I. 1918 - beginning of the Great Depression. of the 21st Amendment. II. 1943 - Hispanos. ushers in new immigration of people with USA, Mexico, and Canada. 2001 - September 11th attack on World . mistreats Indians, wiping out several Jamestown settlement. hundreds of Indians into slavery in the English Colonial Era in North America English Colonial Era in North America high taxes. 1775-1783 - War for Independence. million. of 1812; three soldiers became 1832 - Cholera epidemic strikes U.S. 1848 - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo ends 1857 - Elisha Otis demonstrates his 1863 - New Mexico partitioned in half 1876 - Alexander Graham Bell's first 1898 - U.S.S. Main explodes in Havana tuberculosis migrate to Albuquerque to Worldwide flu epidemic, 675,000 1924 - Congress declares Indians to be 1934 - Indian Reorganization Act Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act passed as 1953 - Korean War cease-fire is signed needed skills or close relatives of U.S. 1997 - The National Hispanic Cultural Trade Center in New York City. 1513 - Spain's Ponce de Leòn lands in tribes by 1643. At this same time, 1619 - House of Burgesses in Virginia is West Indies. continues. continues. English Colonial Era in North America 1775 - Continental Congress names 1790 - First U.S. Patent issued. 1803-1806 - Lewis & Clark Exploratory presidents: Harrison, Jackson and from St. Louis south. Mexican-American War; U.S. takes Nuevo safety passenger elevator; Joseph and the Territory of Arizona is created. successful telephone experiment, "Mr. harbor beginning the Spanish-American try to recover their health. Americans die. citizens of U.S. hence eligible to vote. institutes form of constitutional China becomes ally in Pacific war. in Panmunjon, Korea. citizens. 1973 - Energy Crisis. Center Act creates a National Hispanic 2005 - National Museum of the . St. Augustine, Florida. Spanish Jesuits were creating missions in established, first legislative body in what 1681 - William Penn accepts land grant 1706 - Benjamin Franklin born. 1732 - Franklin publishes Poor Richard's continues. Benjamin Franklin first Postmaster 1791 - First official U.S. Census taken. Expedition into the Louisiana Purchase. Zachary Taylor. 1835 - Sewing machine invented. México west to California as part of the Gayetty introduces toilet paper sheets 1865 - Lincoln assassinated. Watson, come here, I want to see you." 1882 - Chinese Exclusion Act War; Cuba wins independence from 1903 - First powered, sustained airplane 1919 - Prohibition begins with the 21st 1927 - Charles Lindbergh flies across the government adopted by many Pueblos 1945 - U.S drops atomic bombs on 1959 - Castro takes political control of 1968 - Martin Luther King assassinated. 1975 - Bill Gates starts Microsoft. Cultural Center in Albuquerque. American Indian opens in Washington, D. 1492 - Christopher Columbus arrives in 1534 - France's Jacques Cartier explores Nueva España's northern frontier, is now the United States. "west of New Jersey." 1718 - French founded New Orleans in Almanac. 1752 - Benjamin Franklin creates the General. 1793 - Eli Whitney develops the cotton 1807 - Robert Fulton invents the 1819 - Replaceable cast-iron tip plow 1828 - Construction of first railroad 1836 - Samuel Colt invents the "six United States - 552,568 square miles. in America. 1867 - The U.S. purchases Alaska from 1879 - Incandescent light bulb dramaticallly reduces Chinese Spain; the Philippines and Puerto Rico flight at Kitty Hawk. Amendment ban on sale and Atlantic. over the next 45 years. Hiroshima and Nagasaki; WW II ends; Cuba and the following year establishes 1969 - Americans land on the moon; 1976 - Cray creates the first 1999 - Los Alamos' Dr. Wen Ho Lee C. Hurricane Katrina devastates New . the Americas. Atlantic coast. .including what will become Arizona. 1620 - Pilgrims land at Plymouth Rock. 1690s - Salem witch hunts. Louisiana. 1743 - Thomas Jefferson born. lightning rod. 1775-1783 - War for Independence. gin. steamboat. invented revolutionizing farming. begun, completed in 1830. shooter" revolver. 1849 - California Gold Rush begins. 1859 - First oil well drilled in America. Russia for $7 million. perfected. immigration for 60 years. become U.S. possessions. 1908 - Ford introduces the Model-T. consumption of alcohol in the U.S. 1929 - Wall Street crashes. 1937 - Route 66 paved end-to-end. United Nations organization is formed. a Communist dictatorship. Woodstock. supercomputer. jailed on espionage charges. Orleans. . 1550s - Class distinctions grow between 1519 - Hernán Cortez' Conquistadores Peninsulares, Criollos and Mestizos. 1763 - Treaty of Paris gives Spaniards 1861 - A liberal politician, Benito Juárez, launch conquest of México with 1,100 1552 - Juan de Oñate, future governor control of New Orleans and the Louisiana is elected President; the treasury is men and the aid of native interpreter of Nuevo México, born in Zacatecas. Territory north to St. Louis until 1800. bankrupt; México halts payment of Doña Marina, "La Malinche." They 1563 - Grand Cathedral building is 1767 - Spain expels Jesuits from all foreign debts, mainly to France. 1910 - The Mexican Revolution begins introduce the wheel, the horse, cows, started in México City. Spanish dominions; this blow to the 1862 - Napoleon's army invades México with major political and social revolt. sheep and many new crops to the New 1570s - México City's population 1667 - México City's Grand Cathedral is Creole church and education in Nueva and is defeated at the Battle of Puebla; President Díaz resigns and goes into World; the New World introduces reaches 15,000 and supports a re-dedicated by Spanish Viceroy España creates social and political "Cinco de Mayo" celebrates this patriotic exile. Spaniards to chocolate, new textile dyes, university; African slave population in Mancera. problems. victory in the face of great odds. 1910-1917 - Violent period of the corn, and more. México exceeds 20,000. 1680-1699 - Indians in northern Nueva 1776 - Bourbon King Charles III creates a 1864 - Louis Napoleon Boneparte Revolution; infighting kills an estimated 1531 - Juan Diego is visited by an 1571 - Jesuits arrive with missionary España take advantage of confusion military General Commandancy of 1820 - Méxican liberals, centralists and, installs Hapsburg Archduke Maximilian as 10% of Mexican population. Nueva España/ apparition of The Virgin of Guadalupe at program and begin educating occasioned by the Pueblo Revolt in northern Nueva España including Nuevo conservatives debate becoming a Emperor of México to gain access to 1917 - Mexican constitution offers Aztecs dominate central and southern Tepeyac, a hill northwest of México City. Peninsulares and Creoles (Criollos). Nuevo México. México and Arizona to protect northern 1810 - México claims independence from monarchy or a republic. 1848 - In Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, Mexican mineral riches. Maximilian progressive reforms in labor rights, land México México from their capitol in Tenochtitlán, 1535 - The first Spanish Viceroy, 1587 - Spanish crown grants Jesuits 1687-1711 - Jesuit missions expand 1740-1790 - Bourbon Reforms make for mining from English and U.S. incursion 1785 - Year of "The Great Hunger" and Spain; on September 16th, the liberal 1821 - Signing of Plan of Iguala brings México cedes New México, Arizona, Utah, models México City's Paseo de la rights, women's rights, other social 1940 - General Avila Camacho becomes in the face of political rivalries and Antonio Mendoza, arrives in México City. permission to establish missions in into Arizona and the Pimería Alta which 1730 - Epidemic of Matlazahuatl more efficient governance. México City is and protect against Indian raids. epidemics in central México. Miguel Hidalgo pronounces "El Grito de independence under conservative Nevada, California, parts of Colorado 1854 - A major institutional reform Reforma after the Champs Élysée in guarantees; it continues to be a 1929 - PNR (Partido Nacional president, initiating a more conservative 1994 - North American Free Trade 2000 - Control of the official party (PRI) . opposition among the Maya, Mixtec and 1543 - Major silver lodes discovered in northwestern Nueva España in what will will create future commercial networks (probably typhus) affects both Indians largest city in New World. Missionaries 1777 - Juan Bautista de Anza leads 1786 - Viceroyalty is divided into 1800 - Spain cedes New Orleans and the Dolores" (Cry of Sorrow from Dolores) leadership of President Iturbide and the 1833 - Cholera epidemic strikes all of and Wyoming and relinquishes its claim begins within México - La Reforma. Paris. landmark progressive constitution in the Revolucionario), later to become the PRI period in post revolutionary Agreement goes into effect between is broken when the PAN candidate, Zapotec. Draft animals do not exist, so Zacatecas move Spanish settlement become Arizona. 1630 - Rich silver mines are discovered for Nuevo México. and Spaniards. become parish priests. expedition from northwestern Nueva Intendancies (provincial governors) for Louisiana Territory by treaty to the igniting a strong, but divided, popular arduous task of creating a new México. on Texas; Mexican citizens are granted 1857 - Conflict between Mexican 1866-1867 - Napoleon withdraws 1880s - Low worker pay draws major 1900s - Social and economic conditions world today. (Paratido Revolucionario Institucional), is administration. USA, México and Canada. Major Vicente Fox, is elected President. . there is no need for a wheel. This also north towards Nuevo México. 1591 - Jesuits establish College of in Chihuahua and Parral on the Camino 1690 - Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz, child 1739-1741 - Major indigenous revolt in 1745 - Juan Diego's Miracle of España to California founding San easier administration, furthering dilution French. insurrection. Nueva España territory independent nation begins. 1835 - Anglo Texans rebel against the 1 year to choose U.S. citizenship. liberals, conservatives and the Catholic troops. 1867 - Maximilian 1872 - President Juárez dies in office. capital investments and new technology worsen, causing many Mexican citizens 1917-1930 - Continuing political and founded as the official political party; 1942-1964 - Bracero Program instituted Zapatista peasant rebellion in Chiapas 2002 - Juan Diego is declared a saint in places limits on empire building, 1546 - Big silver strike in Zacatecas by Sinaloa and continue expanding missions Real, contributing to trade with Nuevo prodigy and Heironymite nun becomes a Sonora and Sinaloa by Yaqui, Mayo, and Guadalupe is officially recognized by the Francisco; de Anza also appointed of power of church and Creoles. Bourbon 1808 - Joseph Bonaparte becomes extends from Guatemala to Oregon. 1829 - Independent México outlaws Mexican government and create the Massive loss of territory creates Church leads to the Mexican War of The surrenders troops at Querétaro, México, 1876 - General Porfírio Díaz assumes to northern México, opening modern to migrate to the U.S., particularly economic breakdowns stimulate more Revolutionary generals agree to create a 1938 - México nationalizes the oil to provide 300,000 Braceros as labor 1964 - Bracero Program gives way to 1985 - Great Mexican earthquake (8.1 opens dialog on indigenous rights and the Basilica of the Virgin of Guadalupe in . commerce and war fighting. Juan Oñate's father, Cristóbal de Oñate. through 1767. México. major literary figure. Pimas. Vatican. governor of Nuevo México. general secularization continues. Joseph I, King of Spain. 1814 - Jesuits return to México. practice of slavery in its territory. Lone Star Republic. economic problems in México. Reform. and is executed control of the Mexican government. mining and agricultural enterprises. during the Mexican Revolution. Mexican migration to the U.S. single Mexican army. industry. resources to the U.S. during WWII. Maquiladora Program. Richter) severely damages México city. citizenship. México City. 1429 - Joan of Arc leads French against the English. 1450s - Islamic control of eastern trade . routes leads Western Europeans to 1508 - Michaelangelo commissioned to . . explore towards the west for new lands, paint the Cistine Chapel in Rome. . 1700-1713 - War of Spanish Succession 1760-1851 - The Industrial Revolution The Industrial Revolution in England new markets, mineral riches, and 1509 - Henry VIII King of England. 1564 - Lead pencil invented in England. 1665 - "The Great Plague" kills 75,000 to decide who will control Spanish begins in England. continues. unknown peoples to convert to 1517 - Charles I, Hapsburg king of Spain, 1577-1580 - England's Sir Francis Drake in London. territories after the death of Hapsburg 1762 - French cede Louisiana Territory 1804 - Napoleon crowned emperor of 1912 - Vitamins are discovered by Polish 1991 - USSR disbanded. Christianity. is also elected Charles V, Holy Roman sails around the world. 1675 - Greennwich Observatory King Charles II. to Spain to keep it out of English hands. France. France and Spain become allies. The Industrial Revolution in England scientist Casimir Funk. 1920 - First meeting of League of 1993- Maastricht Treaty unites Europe. Europe 1452 - Leonardo da Vinci born. Emperor of Germany and Spain. 1580 - Spain is the greatest, wealthiest founded. 1687 - Newton 1713 - Peace of Utrecht brings French 1763 - Treaty of Paris ends French- 1805 - At Battle of Trafalgar, Lord continues. 1912 - HMS Titanic sinks. Nations in London. 1933 - Hitler comes to power. 1994 - The Channel Tunnel begins 1456 - Johannes Gutenberg prints the 1543 - Copernicus publishes power in Europe with empire spreading 1609 - Galileo develops first laws of publishes "Principia Mathematica" Bourbon King Philip V to the Spanish Indian wars and France loses foothold in Nelson decimates Spanish Navy and 1814 - With Ferdinand VII, the House of The Industrial Revolution in England The Industrial Revolution in England 1914 - World War I begins in Europe. 1922 - Benito Mussolini establishes 1936 - Hitler remilitarizes Germany. operations. . first Bible. controversial theory that the Sun is the from Italy to the Philippines. motion. stating the law of gravitation. throne; Philip keeps the American 1750s - Jesuit liberal view that the King North America. The Industrial Revolution in England stymies French invasion of England. Bourbon is restored to Spanish continues. continues through 1851. 1898 - Radium is discovered by Mme. 1917 - Russian Revolution begins. Fascism in Italy. 1936-1939 - Spanish Civil War. 1956 - Hungarian Revolution; 1 million 1987 - Work begins on the Channel 1999 - The Euro becomes the common 1499 - Amerigo Vespucci sails to South center of the Universe and the Earth 1588 - The English defeat the Spanish 1643 - Reign of French King Louis XIV 1697 - France acquires title to St. possessions, and renounces his claim to is an ordinary person causes difficulties 1765 - James Watt invents first continues. 1808 - Joseph Bonaparte becomes monarchy. The Industrial Revolution in England The Industrial Revolution in England 1848 - Marx and Engels issue Communist 1851 - Louis Napoleon sets up the 1867 - Dynamite invented by Swedish Curie; Treaty of Paris signed, ending the 1919 - World War I ends with signing of 1926 - British Empire becomes a 1939 - Hitler invades Poland, beginning Hungarians flee via Austria and Tunnel between France and England. currency of the European Economic America. revolves around it. Armada. begins. Domingue (Haiti). the French throne. in France and riots in Spain. practical steam engine. 1789-1799 - French Revolution. Joseph I, King of Spain. 1815 - Napoleon defeated. continues. continues. Manifesto. Second Empire in France. chemist Alfred Nobel. Spanish-American War. Treaty of Versailles. Commonwealth. WWII in Europe. 1945 - WWII ends. Yugoslavia. 1989 - The Berlin Wall falls. Community. . . 1942-1945 - WWII; two New Mexico regiments are caught in the Bataan Death March in the Philippines. 1945 - WWII ends. 1961 - President Kennedy sends military 1565-1821 - Spanish begin 250-year 1947 - India gains independance from . advisors to aid South Vietnam. "Galleon Trade" between Canton, China, Great Britian. 1950 - Korean War begins. 1964 - Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allows Manila, Philippines and Acapulco, Nueva 1898 - Dewey defeats Spanish Navy in 1948 - Mohandis Gandhi assassinated in 1953 - The United States, North Korea President Lyndon B. Johnson to go to 1990 - Mount Pinatubo in the Philippines Asia - Pacific 1521 - Magellan claims Philippines for España funded largely by New World 1632-1654 - Taj Mahal built in India. Philippines and the Philippines become India. and China sign an armistice, which ends war in Vietnam. 1973 - Last U.S. troops leave Vietnam. erupts after 600-year inactivity; volcanic Spain and is killed in battle; Philippines silver. Filipino immigrants designated 1638 - Japan closes to "outside 1850-1864 - Taiping Rebellion in China. the first, and only, U.S. colony, following 1949 - Mao Zedong takes power in the war but fails to bring about a 1968 - Tet Offensive surprise attack by 1975 - Saigon falls, as last Americans ash closes U.S. bases in Subic Bay and already trading with China. "Chinese" by Spanish. influences" until 1853. 1839 - First opium war in China. 1853 - Perry opens trade with Japan. 1869 - Suez Canal opened. the 1899 Treaty of Paris. China. permanent peace. North Vietnam. evacuate Vietnam embassy. Clark AFB. . . . 1511 - Spain colonizes Cuba. 1569 - King Philip sets up Inquisition 1513 - Spain's Ponce de Leon lands in tribunals in the New World. St. Augustine, Florida; Balboa is first 1573 - King Philip issues Royal explorer to see the Pacific Ocean. Ordinance outlawing use of violence 1601 - Oñate leads exploration east 1519 - Ferdinand Magellan and crew dealing with colonized Indians. across Oklahoma to Kansas. sets out to circumnavigate the world. 1581 - Rodríguez-Chamuscado 1605 - Oñate leads exploration west to 1519-1523 - Hernán Cortez conquers expedition to Nuevo México territory. Colorado River and south to Gulf of 1702-1711 - Tenth Duke of Aztec's Tenochtitlán and renames it 1582 - Antonio de Espejo expedition California. Alburquerque is sent to be Viceroy of México City. seeks to rescue Rodríguez-Chumscado. 1609 - Oñate is relieved as governor and Nueva España. 1762-1800 - Spain rules the Louisiana Hispanic Cultural 1527-1536 - Cabeza de Vaca's group 1590 - Castaño de Sosa renegade sent to México City to be tried for . Territory north to St. Louis. wanders through Texas and Nuevo expedition results in de Sosa's arrest and mistreatment of Indians; a regular [Note: Alburquerque, Spain, lies in the 1786 - At Pecos, Governor Juan 1799-1800 - Spain rules the Louisiana Events México bringing back rumors of rich return to Nueva España in chains. mission supply system has been 1680 - Pueblo Indian St. Lawrence Day rugged "Extremadura" region, an area Bautista de Anza makes peace with all Territory. 1995 - Catholic Charities Cuban cities to the north. 1598-1599 - Juan de Oñate creates established between Nuevo México and Uprising and Massacre of Hispanics; that produced a great number of three branches of the Comanche Nation, 1800 - Spain's king agrees to give 1975 - Jerry Apodaca (D) becomes the Immigration Project sends many Cubans . 1539 - Fray Marcos de Niza and Estevan first permanent Spanish settlement of México City. 1614 - Oñate priests and colonists are killed, survivors conquistadores who came to the New gaining their assistance in fighting the France the Louisiana Territory in return 1917 - New Mexico Hispanic students first Hispanic governor since 1918 and to Albuquerque. lead expedition to find Cibola and reach Nuevo México, introducing the wheel, convicted. 1624 - flee with "La Conquistadora" to El Paso World in search of land and economic 1762-1800 - Spain rules the Louisiana Apaches. for an Italian kingdom for the king's are not permitted to speak Spanish in 1930 - Patrocinio Barela is the first 1952 - Cézar Chávez begins his 25-year creates a cabinet system of 1997 - The National Hispanic Cultural . 1469 - Marriage of royal cousins the Zuni village of Hawikuh, where wheat, horses, sheep and much more. Oñate pardoned. in the southern Nuevo México territory. opportunities.] Territory north to St. Louis. 1786-1793 - Frenchman Pedro Vial is Italian son-in-law. 1812 - Don Pedro Bautista Pino speaks class or on playground and are punished Hispanic WPA folk artist to gain national campaign for civil rights for workers and government. Center Act creates a National Hispanic Ferdinand and Isabella eventually unites Estevan is killed. Conflict among Indians, Spanish 1625 - Fray Benavides brings the oldest 1692 - General Diego de Vargas declares . 1767 - King Charles III expels Jesuits employed to explore trails to St. Louis, 1803-1808 - France and Spain become for Nuevo México before Spanish for doing so. attention as a santero. Hispanos. 1969 - Manuel Luján, Jr. becomes the 1978 - New Mexico's Nancy Lopéz 1980s - Cuban Mariel Boatlift sends Cultural Center in Albuquerque. . Spanish kingdoms of Aragon and Castile. 1540 - Spanish explorer Coronado colonists, military, administration and Madonna in North America, "La peaceful reconquest of Nuevo México 1706 - Spanish and Pueblo Indians begin from the New World. San Antonio and New Orleans. allies. Parliament in Cadiz, Spain. 1918 - Marcelino Sema is the first 1935 - Dennis Chavez becomes the first 1959 - Cuban immigrants flee Castro's first Hispanic Republican in the U.S. becomes first Hispanic to win the Ladies many Cubans to Albuquerque. 1998 - New Mexico celebrates 1492 - Christopher Columbus arrives in arrives seeking the fabled Seven Cities the Church plus extended drought will Conquistadora," to Santa Fe, Nuevo and Spanish recolonization begins; de cooperation in fighting nomadic raiding 1770 - "La Conquistadora" is declared a 1787 - Governor de Anza makes peace 1805 - Spanish Navy decimated by Lord 1815 - King of Spain dissolves 1898 - U.S. declares war against Spain: Hispanic soldier to be awarded the American born Hispanic U.S. Senator and ascendancy. Many Albuquerque Cubans House of Representatives and serves for Professional Golf Association 1988 - Manuel Luján, Jr. becomes QuartoCentenario, 400 years of 2000 - National Hispanic Cultural Center the Americas. of Cibola. lead to a Pueblo Revolt in 1680. México. Vargas also returns "La Conquistadora." which continues through the 1870s. Patron Saint of Nuevo México. with some Apache chiefs. Nelson at Battle of Trafalgar. Albuquerque's municipal council. Spanish-American War. Distinguished Service Cross. serves for 27 years. come to study at UNM. 10 years. Tournament. Secretary of the Interior. European/Hispanic presence. opens in Albuquerque. . , 1665-1668 - Severe droughts hit . Southwest, starvation hits Pueblos. Nomadic raiding continues. 1675 - Spanish arrest 47 Pueblo 1500s - Nomadic tribes, later known as 1573 - The Spanish Pope Paul III medicine men, hang three, lash the Navajo and Apache, begin raiding proclaims American Indians are men, and others, including Po'Pay. Pueblos. thus entitled to property and liberty. 1680-1692 - Spanish demands and Nomadic raiding continues. Nomadic raiding continues. 1980 - Albuquerque Indian School 1525 - All Indian Pueblo Coalition 1598 - The first meeting of the All Indian resentments climax in the Pueblo 1700 - Many northern Nuevo México 1742 - Sandia Pueblo Indians return to 1863-1866 - U.S. Army campaigns 1922 - All Pueblo Coalition of 1598 granted prestigious accreditation by 2001 - Isleta and Sandia Pueblos open 1400s - Some 40,000 Pueblo Indians organized. Indian Pueblo Coalition with Oñate; Revolt which expels Spaniards for over Pueblos have been sacked and burned by Sandia land from Hopi country. against Mescalero Apaches and Navajos; 1880 - Railroad rights of way negotiated renamed All Indian Pueblo Council and North Central Association of Colleges grand casinos; Santa Ana Pueblo opens Native American live in the Nuevo México area, with first 1539 - Esteban guides Franciscan priest Spanish subject Indians to a feudal-like 12 years. It is considered the most returning Spanish and Pueblo Indians 1748 - Sandia Land Grant re-established 1820 - Spain reaffirms Pueblo Indian 8,000 Navajo and 450 Apaches with Pueblos in exchange for jobs. modern day operations begin. 1976 - All Indian Pueblo Council takes and Schools. 1990 - Isleta Pueblo becomes gaming Tamaya resort. apartment structures, complex irrigation Marcos de Niza in search for fabled system. successful Indian revolt in North have fled. to resettle Sandia Tiwa Indians. citizenship status. 1848 - Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo prisoners are forced to make "The Long 1881 - Albuquerque Indian School 1924 - Congress declares Indians to be 1933 - U.S. Indian Hospital opens in administrative control of Albuquerque 1983 - First Annual Albuquerque tribe. 2003 - Laguna opens grand casino; Cultural Events systems and trading with tribes in Seven Cities of Cibola; Pueblo Indians 1599 - Battle of Acoma between Indians America; however, without Spanish 1706 - Alliance formed between Spanish Nomadic raiding continues. 1750s and beyond - Genízaro (bought 1821 - México reaffirms with the Plan of grants Indians citizenship but Walk" of 300 miles to Bosque Redondo established and maintained by citizens of U.S., hence eligible to vote. Albuquerque. 1952 - Indian Relocation Act displaces Indian School. Gathering of Nations Powwow held. 1993 - Santa Ana Pueblo opens casino. Albuquerque Indian Center opens. northern México. Indian Pueblos in the say, "The first white man the Pueblos and Oñate's Spaniards along with a Nomadic raiding continues. deterrence Pueblos bear the brunt of and Pueblo Indians to defend both from 1729 - Spanish/Pueblo unity or captured Plains Indians and their Iguala that, "…inhabitants of Nueva sovereignty remains cloudy. 1850 - Organic Act of New Mexico reservation. Hundreds die in the process. Presbyterian Mission School under 1925 - The Zia symbol is adopted as the 1934 - Indian Reorganization Act many Indians to urban centers like 1961 - National Indian Youth Council 1976 - Indian Pueblo Cultural Center 1983 - Acoma Pueblo opens first high- 1995 - San Felipe Pueblo opens casino. 2005 - National Museum of the . Albuquerque area include: Acoma, Santo saw was a black man." feudal economic system, religious 1620 - Spanish Crown formally nomadic raiding. nomadic Indian raiding. established; Pueblo Indians significantly children raised in Hispanic culture) are España...are citizens..." 1849 - Bureau of Indian Affairs moved Territory and "silence" of U.S. Congress 1864 - President Lincoln affirms 1620 contract with U.S. c. 1890 - Laguna Indian Colony 1912 - City of Albuquerque holds annual center of the New Mexico state flag. institutes form of constitutional Albuquerque. created and relocates to Albuquerque. opens its doors in Albuquerque. It is stakes bingo hall. 1997 - Indian Pueblo's first major American Indian opens in Washington, D. Domingo, San Felipe, Santa Ana, Zia, 1540 - Pueblos meet Spaniards for the intolerance, and punishment for recognizes Pueblo sovereignty with 1682-1692 - Various Spanish intrusions 1716 - Isleta Pueblo people return from aid Spaniards in pacification of nomadic placed in Carnué and Belen to guard 1780-1781 - Smallpox epidemic kills 1824 - Bureau of Indian Affairs from War Department to Department of denies Pueblo Indian citizenship and Spanish Land Grants and presents 1881 - First New Mexico Territorial Fair established in Barelas neighborhood near 1902 - Fred Harvey opens Indian First American Parade and constructs 1927 - KiMo Theatre dedicated and government adapted by many Pueblos 1954 - BIA Indian Hospital opens in 1965 - All Indian Pueblo Council adopts modeled after Pueblo Bonito in Chaco 1986 - Sandia Pueblo becomes gaming gaming compact to share revenues with C.; statue of Po'Pay installed in National Isleta, Sandia and Jemez. first time. transgression sow early seeds of revolt. "Canes of Authority". destroy some Indian Pueblos Hopi country. raiding. against raiding Nomads. 5,000 Native Americans. established by U.S. Government. Interior. voting rights. "Lincoln Canes." features Indian exhibits rail yards. Museum at the Alvarado Hotel. Indian village grounds. named by Pablo Abeita of Isleta Pueblo. over the next 45 years. Albuquerque. Constitution and bylaws. Canyon. tribe. New Mexico. Statuary Hall, Washington, D. C. . . 1860 - Records show one Italian tinsmith . in Albuquerque. 1880 - African American populations African, French, 1866 - Congress creates six regiments settle here to work on railroad; Northern . of African-American troops to serve on Italians work on railroads then enter 1930 - Romero Lewis is first African- German, Italian, 1530s - Esteban (Estevanico) The Moor the frontier of the West; the mounted business and ranching; Italian American to graduate from New Mexico is first African to arrive in Nuevo México units are nicknamed "Buffalo Soldiers" 1870s - African-Americans begin stonecutters build St. Mary's School, Old 1880s-1890s - Jewish merchant 1910 - Census shows 1,958 foreign- State University. 1969-1978 - Lenton Malry is first Jewish, Cultural as a slave with Cabeza de Vaca. 1690s - Two French subjects with 1844 - German Jewish by the Cheyenne and Comanche as a migration to Albuquerque to work for Town Courthouse and UNM Hodgin Hall. community forms around the railroad. born Italians in New Mexico. 1937 - Clara Belle Williams is first African-American to serve in New Mexico 1971 - Columbus Day, celebrated by 1539 - Esteban guides Franciscan priest LaSalle captured by Spanish (Jaques trader/merchants from the Santa Fe sign of respect for their fighting spirit, the Santa Fe Railroad; former Buffalo 1882 - First Black church, Grant Chapel 1891 - St. Paul's (German) Lutheran 1900 - Opportunities in mining and 1912 - Albuquerque Independent African-American to receive degree from 1940 - 40% of all New Mexican Jews live Legislature. many Italian-Americans, becomes an 1981 - Albuquerque African-American Events Marcos de Niza in search for fabled 1580 - Some Jews and Crypto-Jews flee Grolé and Jean L'Archiveque) emigrate Trail accompany Kearny's conquest of others say it was because their hair Soldier, John Collins, plants many trees African Methodist Episcopal, established; Church established. railroad continue to draw many Italians Society established and becomes New Mexico State University. in Albuquerque. 1965 - Edelwiss German-American Club official federal holiday. Cultural Center established. Seven Cities of Cibola. north from México to escape the to Nuevo México after reconquest as Nuevo México. resembled the coat of the buffalo, which along Railroad (now Central) Avenue. B'nai Brith Jewish fraternal service 1897 - Jewish Congregation Albert who later enter business and ranching. Albuquerque NAACP in 1913. 1938 - FDR declares Columbus Day, 1944-1946 - German and Italian P.O.W.s established. 1972 - Pete V. Domenici elected to U.S. 1985 - James B. Lewis elected to State . 1540 - Several African slaves and Spanish Inquisition. Santiago Gurulé and Juan de Archibeque. 1786-1793 - Frenchman Pedro Vial is 1836 - Legendary African-American fur 1847 - An African-American, James were highly respected. 1875-76 - The 9th Cavalry Regiment organization started. established. 1905 - Oreste Bachechi builds Savoy 1916 - "The Buffalo Soldiers" (The 10th celebrated by many Italian-Americans, are interned in Camp Albuquerque. 1954 - Mrs. Lauretta Loftus becomes 1966 - Pete V. Domenici elected to Senate, still serving in 2005. Treasurer, becoming the first African- soldiers accompany Coronado's 1598 - A number of African slaves and 1692 - Two Africans accompany De employed by Spanish to explore trails to trapper and trader James Beckwourth Beckwourth, accompanies Kearny's 1867 - French Bishop Lamy brings Italian "Buffalo Soldiers" is transferred to the 1885 - Henry Jaffa of Jewish heritage, is 1898 - Second Black church established: Hotel, then considered to be Cavalry) fight Pancho Villa under General 1927 - Oreste Bachechi builds KiMo which becomes an official federal holiday 1945 - Wernher von Braun's rocket team first black teacher in Albuquerque Albuquerque City Commission, then to 1973 - Albuquerque's Club Culturale American elected to statewide expedition. soldiers accompany Oñate. Vargas' reconquest of Nuevo México. St. Louis and San Antonio. lives in Taos for a while. conquering U.S. army. Jesuits to Albuquerque. New Mexico District. elected Albuquerque's first mayor. Mount Olive Baptist Church. Albuquerque's finest. Pershing. Theater. in 1971. relocated to White Sands, New Mexico. schools. Commission Chairman the following year. Italiane founded. constitutional office. . . 1941-1946 - Japanese relocate or are interned from West Coast. 1943 - Chinese Exclusion Repeal Act passed as China becomes ally in Pacific war. 1944 - St. George's Greek Orthodox Armenian, Chinese, Church begins construction. . 1945 - Many Japanese brides return with 1950s - Indian students attend UNM for 1980s - Polish immigrants arrive as Celtic, Filipino, servicemen; New Mexico Japanese serve advanced studies; Arabs from Palestine, result of the Solidarity Movement in in 442nd Regimental Combat Team in Jordon, Lebanon, and Syria flee 1960's - First recorded Koreans come to 1970s - Many Indian professionals and Poland; Cuban Mariel Boat people arrive. 1991 - Some Filipino dependents of U.S. Greek, Hungarian, Europe. Palestinian partitioning and Israeli study at UNM. businessmen continue to arrive. 1981 - Armenian Cultural Association military transferred to New Mexico from 1910-1940 - Scandinavians arrive in 1945 - New Mexico soldiers bring Filipino expansion - some come to Albuquerque. 1965 and beyond - Immigration and 1973 - Scandinavian club founded. presents tree to Albuquerque Museum base closings caused by Mt. Pinatubo Indian, Middle East, 1880 - Chinese settle here to work on New Mexico and Albuquerque. brides home; Filipino nurses, doctors, 1952 - Foreign-born Japanese receive Nationality Act brings additional 1974 - Albuquerque Chinese Cultural to commemorate 1915 genocide. eruption. railroad. 1910 - Small number of Filipinos arrive nuns, and priests also migrate to U.S. citizenship. Japanese, Chinese, Koreans, Indians and Center established. 1988 - Hungarian American Club formed. 1995 - Catholic Charities Immigration Polish, Russian, 1882 - Chinese Exclusion Act after Dewey defeats Spanish in Manila. Albuquerque; nurses and doctors 1952 - St. George's Greek Orthodox Filipinos to Albuquerque. 1975 - Vietnam falls beginning 1989 - State Department opens Project brings another group of Cubans dramaticallly reduces Chinese 1890s - Syrian-Lebanese Arabs flee poor 1915 - Greek immigrants come to recruited for Public Health Service which Church consecrated. 1967 - First Afghanis arrive in Vietnamese immigration. immigration from Vietnam. to Albuquerque. Vietnamese,Cultural 1600s - Spanish Arabs arrive with 1750 - The "Spanish and Mexican immigration. economic conditions and Ottoman Army Albuquerque. later becomes Indian Health Service. 1957 - Hungarian doctors, professional, Albuquerque. 1979-1980 - Iranian revolution; many 1989 - End of Cold War sends small 1998 - Albuquerque Philippine Historical 1598 - Greeks accompany Oñate's party Spanish explorers in what will become Census of Nuevo México 1750-1830" 1885 - Census lists 33 Chinese living in conscription; some come to Albuquerque 1900-1905 - Japanese immigrants begin 1917 - Bolshevik Revolution sends small 1920 - Armenians fleeing genocide by 1946 - Hungarian (Magyar) miners arrive enterpreneurs fleeing 1956 revolution 1969 - Iranian-sponsored students Iranians come to attend UNM and to be number of Russians and Hungarians to Society established, one of 21 chapters Events of colonists to Nuevo México. the American Southwest . shows three Filipinos in Albuquerque. 1839 - First opium war in China. Albuquerque. (Budagher, Bellamah, Hyder, Maloof). to arrive and settle in Albuquerque. number of Russians to Albuquerque. Ottoman Turks arrive. in Albuquerque via Pennsylvania. come to Albuquerque. attend Naval ROTC at UNM. with friends and family already here. Albuquerque. nationally; Afghan Society established.

Courage is measured by the valor of the Revisionism is a healthy opponents; if the daring of the Spanish Since God himself cannot change the historiographical process, and no one, [History is] little more than the register [Some historians hold that] history is You could only honor angels, and there conquerors is honored, so should the God alone knows the future, but only an History is always written wrong, and so We learn from history that we never History is often not what actually History is a myth that men agree to past, he is obliged to tolerate the The past does not repeat itself, but it not even revisionsists, should be "History" is a Greek word which means, of the crimes, follies and misfortunes of Life must be lived forward, but it can just one damned thing after another. are no angels. courage of the original inhabitants. historian can alter the past. always needs to be rewritten. learn anything from history. happened but what is recorded as such. History is the distillation of rumor believe. existence of historians. does rhyme. excempt from it. literally, "investigation." mankind. only be understood backward. Nothing endures but change. Arnold Toynbee Marc Simmons Marc Simmons Ambrose Bierce George Santayana Hegel Henry L. Stimson Thomas Carlyle Napoleon Attributed to Samuel Butler Mark Twain John Lewis Gaddis Arnold Toynbee Edward Gibbon Soren Kierkegaard Heraclitus

Copyright 2005 by Thomas C. Miles. Please email any comments/corrections to: [email protected]

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