Ireland's Secret Societies Involvement in Irish Nationalism
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Making Fenians: the Transnational Constitutive Rhetoric of Revolutionary Irish Nationalism, 1858-1876
Syracuse University SURFACE Dissertations - ALL SURFACE 8-2014 Making Fenians: The Transnational Constitutive Rhetoric of Revolutionary Irish Nationalism, 1858-1876 Timothy Richard Dougherty Syracuse University Follow this and additional works at: https://surface.syr.edu/etd Part of the Modern Languages Commons, and the Speech and Rhetorical Studies Commons Recommended Citation Dougherty, Timothy Richard, "Making Fenians: The Transnational Constitutive Rhetoric of Revolutionary Irish Nationalism, 1858-1876" (2014). Dissertations - ALL. 143. https://surface.syr.edu/etd/143 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the SURFACE at SURFACE. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations - ALL by an authorized administrator of SURFACE. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ABSTRACT This dissertation traces the constitutive rhetorical strategies of revolutionary Irish nationalists operating transnationally from 1858-1876. Collectively known as the Fenians, they consisted of the Irish Republican Brotherhood in the United Kingdom and the Fenian Brotherhood in North America. Conceptually grounded in the main schools of Burkean constitutive rhetoric, it examines public and private letters, speeches, Constitutions, Convention Proceedings, published propaganda, and newspaper arguments of the Fenian counterpublic. It argues two main points. First, the separate national constraints imposed by England and the United States necessitated discursive and non- discursive rhetorical responses in each locale that made -
Year 13 As History
YEAR 13 AS HISTORY CHALLENGE AND CRISIS IN IRELAND WEEK 5 Hello everyone • Hope that you and your families are coping okay. You will have heard that the AS exams for this year will not now be taking place and that you will be awarded a grade from teacher assessment. The data needed for this is currently being compiled, and myself and Mr McClean will come to an agreed grade. In the meantime, we have been asked to continue with a revision programme for the AS course. • This week you are asked to revise thoroughly all of your notes on the causes of the Fenian Rising. • After your revision, answer qs 1 and 2 on this topic from page 4 of the Notes questions handout. • This is a much shorter revision week for you – so you have no excuses not to thoroughly revise this topic! REVISION TEST – WEEK FIVE • There is only one short answer (8 mark) Revision question this week. • On the next slides is the markscheme for this question. • Please do not refer to this document until after you have attempted to answer the questions. • QUESTION 1 – Explain the causes of the Fenian Rising of 1867. MARKSCHEME • Explain the causes of the Fenian Rising of 1867. • Level 1 ([0]–[2]) • Answers at this level recall, select and deploy historical knowledge in an episodic or largely inaccurate manner. • Level 2 ([3]–[4]) • Answers will have a limited focus on the causes of the Fenian Rising of 1867. There may be a general reference to the desire to establish an independent Irish republic, to be achieved by force. -
The Volunteers in Kilkenny 1914 to 1916
1 The Volunteers in Kilkenny 1914 to 1916 On Sunday November 23rd 1913, the Annual Manchester Martyrs Commemoration was held in Kilkenny to commemorate three Fenians hanged in 1867. There was a procession from The Parade to St. Patrick’s Cemetery, with members of clubs and societies in the City, and three bands: St. Patrick’s Brass and Reed Band, St. Rioch’s Fife and Drum Band, and the Kilkenny Warpipers’ Band. An oration was delivered in The Assembly Room of the Town Hall by Bulmer Hobson. He laid out for his audience the arguments advanced by Eoin Mac Néill for setting up a volunteer force. Home Rule was being prevented by the Ulster Volunteers and the Irish People were being pushed to the wall because they were not armed. On Tuesday of that week, there was going to be a monster meeting of the citizens of Dublin to form National Volunteers to work and, if necessary, fight for Home Rule. As he had predicted the meeting packed the Rotunda Rink, with four thousand inside and thousands more outside. The date was November 25th 1913. It was March 5th 1914 before a meeting in the City Hall Kilkenny decided to set up a local Volunteer Movement. The speakers were Thomas McDonagh and Sir Roger Casement. McDonagh, in his speech referred to his time teaching in Kilkenny. “Twelve years ago he came to Kilkenny and it was in the National Spirit of this town that he first learned what it was to feel the patriotism of an Irishman.” Local IRB members had got instructions from Dublin to capture as many positions as possible in the local volunteer organisation. -
Irish Identity in the Union Army During the American Civil War Brennan Macdonald Virginia Military Institute
James Madison University JMU Scholarly Commons Proceedings of the Ninth Annual MadRush MAD-RUSH Undergraduate Research Conference Conference: Best Papers, Spring 2018 “A Country in Their eH arts”: Irish Identity in the Union Army during the American Civil War Brennan MacDonald Virginia Military Institute Follow this and additional works at: http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/madrush MacDonald, Brennan, "“A Country in Their eH arts”: Irish Identity in the Union Army during the American Civil War" (2018). MAD- RUSH Undergraduate Research Conference. 1. http://commons.lib.jmu.edu/madrush/2018/civilwar/1 This Event is brought to you for free and open access by the Conference Proceedings at JMU Scholarly Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in MAD-RUSH Undergraduate Research Conference by an authorized administrator of JMU Scholarly Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 MacDonald BA Virginia Military Institute “A Country in Their Hearts” Irish Identity in the Union Army during the American Civil War 2 Immigrants have played a role in the military history of the United States since its inception. One of the most broadly studied and written on eras of immigrant involvement in American military history is Irish immigrant service in the Union army during the American Civil War. Historians have disputed the exact number of Irish immigrants that donned the Union blue, with Susannah Ural stating nearly 150,000.1 Irish service in the Union army has evoked dozens of books and articles discussing the causes and motivations that inspired these thousands of immigrants to take up arms. In her book, The Harp and the Eagle: Irish American Volunteers and the Union Army, 1861-1865, Susannah Ural attributes Irish and specifically Irish Catholic service to “Dual loyalties to Ireland and America.”2 The notion of dual loyalty is fundamental to understand Irish involvement, but to take a closer look is to understand the true sense of Irish identity during the Civil War and how it manifested itself. -
Secret Societies and the Easter Rising
Dominican Scholar Senior Theses Student Scholarship 5-2016 The Power of a Secret: Secret Societies and the Easter Rising Sierra M. Harlan Dominican University of California https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2016.HIST.ST.01 Survey: Let us know how this paper benefits you. Recommended Citation Harlan, Sierra M., "The Power of a Secret: Secret Societies and the Easter Rising" (2016). Senior Theses. 49. https://doi.org/10.33015/dominican.edu/2016.HIST.ST.01 This Senior Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at Dominican Scholar. It has been accepted for inclusion in Senior Theses by an authorized administrator of Dominican Scholar. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE POWER OF A SECRET: SECRET SOCIETIES AND THE EASTER RISING A senior thesis submitted to the History Faculty of Dominican University of California in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Arts in History by Sierra Harlan San Rafael, California May 2016 Harlan ii © 2016 Sierra Harlan All Rights Reserved. Harlan iii Acknowledgments This paper would not have been possible without the amazing support and at times prodding of my family and friends. I specifically would like to thank my father, without him it would not have been possible for me to attend this school or accomplish this paper. He is an amazing man and an entire page could be written about the ways he has helped me, not only this year but my entire life. As a historian I am indebted to a number of librarians and researchers, first and foremost is Michael Pujals, who helped me expedite many problems and was consistently reachable to answer my questions. -
Volunteer Women: Militarized Femininity in the 1916 Easter Rising
Chapman University Chapman University Digital Commons War and Society (MA) Theses Dissertations and Theses Spring 5-20-2019 Volunteer Women: Militarized Femininity in the 1916 Easter Rising Sasha Conaway Chapman University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.chapman.edu/war_and_society_theses Part of the Women's History Commons, and the Women's Studies Commons Recommended Citation Conaway, Sasha. Volunteer Women: Militarized Femininity in the 1916 Easter Rising. 2019. Chapman University, MA Thesis. Chapman University Digital Commons, https://doi.org/10.36837/chapman.000079 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Dissertations and Theses at Chapman University Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in War and Society (MA) Theses by an authorized administrator of Chapman University Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Volunteer Women: Militarized Femininity in the 1916 Easter Rising A Thesis by Sasha Conaway Chapman University Orange, CA Wilkinson College of Arts, Humanities, and Social Sciences Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in War and Society May 2019 Committee in Charge Jennifer Keene, Ph.D., Chair Charissa Threat, Ph.D. John Emery, Ph. D. May 2019 Volunteer Women: Militarized Femininity in the 1916 Easter Rising Copyright © 2019 by Sasha Conaway iii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my parents, Elda and Adam Conaway, for supporting me in pursuit of my master’s degree. They provided useful advice when tackling such a large project and I am forever grateful. I would also like to thank my advisor, Dr. -
Cumann Na Mban: During the Easter Rising
Cumann na mBan: During the Easter Rising Dylan Savoie Junior Division Individual Documentary Process Paper: 500 words Once I learned about National History Day, I immediately wanted to do something related to my Irish heritage seeing as my mother was born in Ireland. In my research, I found the Easter Rising. Now that I had narrowed my selection down, I began to dig deeper, and I came across an Irish women's group, Cumann na mBan, that helped greatly in the Rising but has gone largely unnoticed in history. I tried to have a wide range of research. First, I began by searching for a video about Cumann na mBan. I had found an RTE documentary on the Easter Rising of 1916. It was in that documentary that I came across Fr. Oliver Rafferty, a professor at Boston College. I was able to obtain his email address, contact him, and we had a phone interview. I searched websites and books at my local and Boston Public Library, taking notes and citing them in Noodletools as I went. The Burns Library at Boston College has the most extensive Irish History collection outside of Ireland, so in January, I went there too and was able to obtain many primary sources. In February, I went to Boston College and interviewed Fr. Rafferty in person. I was able to talk with him and combine what I had learned in my research to understand my topic in more depth than I had before. After I collected my research, I decided that my project would be best represented in the form of a documentary. -
The War Poet - Francis Ledwidge
Volume XXXIX, No. 7 • September (Fómhair), 2013 The War Poet - Francis Ledwidge .........................................................................................................On my wall sits a batik by my old Frank fell in love with Ellie Vaughey, one looked at familiar things seen thus for friend, Donegal artist Fintan Gogarty, with the sister of his friend, Paddy. Of her, he the first time. I wrote to him greeting him a mountain and lake scene. Inset in the would write, as a true poet, which indeed he was . .” piece is a poem, “Ardan Mor.” The poem “I wait the calling of the orchard maid, Frank was also involved in the arts in reads, Only I feel that she will come in blue, both Dublin and Slane. He was involved As I was climbing Ardan Mór With yellow on her hair, and two curls in many aspects of the local community From the shore of Sheelin lake, strayed and was a natural leader and innovator. He I met the herons coming down Out of her comb's loose stocks, and I founded the Slane Drama Group in which Before the water’s wake. shall steal he was actor and producer. And they were talking in their flight Behind and lay my hands upon her eyes.” In 1913, Ledwidge would form a branch Of dreamy ways the herons go At the same time, the poetry muse of the Irish Volunteers, or Óglaigh na When all the hills are withered up encompassed the being of young Frank. hÉireann. The Volunteers included members Nor any waters flow. He would write poems constantly, and in of the Gaelic League, Ancient Order of The words are by Francis Ledwidge, an 1912, mailed a number of them to Lord Hibernians and Sinn Féin, as well as mem- Irish poet. -
The Main Sites of Activity During the Rising. Co. Galway the Irish
7.0 The Main Sites of Activity During the Rising. 7.14 Co. Galway The Irish Volunteers were well represented in Co. Galway since the early days of the organisation. Liam Mellows, a member of the provisional committee, worked assiduously at organising and training the force throughout the county. As the date for the Rising approached, however, he was in England under an exclusion order arising from his para-military activities, but James Connolly arranged for his daughter Nora to go to England and convey him back to Co. Galway, disguised as a priest. The Irish Volunteers in the county were relatively strong in numbers but were poorly armed, their total number of rifles numbering little more than 100. The IRB Military Council seems to have had considerable regard for the Co. Galway Volunteers: it planned to address the matter of the arms deficit by dispatching a substantial quantity of the proposed German arms from the Aud by train from Tralee to Limerick and onwards to various points in the county. But the arms did not materialize and MacNeill’s countermand resulted in a much smaller turn-out then might otherwise have been the case. Nevertheless, when news of the Rising reached Galway on Easter Monday, Mellows managed to mobilize a large force, some sources estimating it at between 500 and 1,000, which seems unlikely as the total strength of the Irish Volunteers at the time was little more than 10,000, of whom almost 3,000 were in Dublin; also many of those in Co. Galway would, presumably, not have mobilised for one reason or another. -
Remembering Together by NICK LYNE Senior Staff Writer, FIRST
IRELAND Remembering together BY NICK LYNE SENIOR STAFF WRITER, FIRST his year marks the 100th anniversary of the Irish dead of the First World War. Mrs McAleese Remembering the start of the First World War, and has worked tirelessly over the last two decades to use the the British government has said that Irish memory of the First World War as a way to find the First commemorations over the next four years common ground, and thus common feeling, between willT reflect the fact that some 200,000 Irish soldiers nationalists and unionists in Northern Ireland. In this World War participated in the conflict, of whom at least 30,000 context, Mrs McAleese and the Queen had already never returned home. appeared together in public at the opening of the cross- has obliged The commemoration will build on tributes dating community Island of Ireland Peace Tower at Messines in back to 1996 that have provided the occasion for further Belgium in 1998. The park, the brainchild of two retired the Irish to reconciliation between Britain and Ireland, as well as politicians, Glen Barr from Northern Ireland and Paddy between the different communities within Ireland. Harte from the Republic of Ireland, is to promote peace reaccess During her historic visit to Ireland in 2011, Queen in Ireland by commemorating the men and women Elizabeth laid wreathes at the Garden of Remembrance from the Island of Ireland who lost their lives during the how the war in Parnell Square in Dublin and the National War First World War. The park is divided into four sections Memorial at Islandbridge on May 18. -
The Main Sites of Activity During the Rising. Dublin City Hall on Easter Monday Captain Seán Connolly of the Irish Citizen Army
7.0 The Main Sites of Activity During the Rising. 7.3 Dublin City Hall On Easter Monday Captain Seán Connolly of the Irish Citizen Army and his company of approximately thirty men convened at Liberty Hall. They were directed to seize and hold City Hall adjoining Dublin Castle. They marched up College Green and Dame Street and occupied City Hall and adjacent buildings, including the Evening Mail premises on the corner of Parliament Street and Dame Street. The ICA contingent in City Hall included Dr Kathleen Lynn and Helena Molony. A party of six men approached the gate of Dublin Castle and shot dead the unarmed policeman on duty, Constable James O’Brien of the Dublin Metropolitan Police, as he tried to close the gate to prevent entry. The party then seized the guardroom, disarming and imprisoning the six soldiers present. In the plans for the Rising, it appears that Dublin Castle was not selected as one of the positions to be commandeered, presumably because it was believed that it was too well guarded. On the day, however, apart from sixty-five wounded service men in the hospital, there were fewer than twenty-five soldiers on duty. Moreover, at the very time the ICA men captured the guardroom, the under-secretary, Sir Matthew Nathan and two of his officials were in conference in the Castle; unaware that the Rising had actually broken out they were arranging for the arrest of those they suspected of being involved in planning an insurrection. It would certainly have been a tremendous coup for the Provisional Government if Dublin Castle, the symbol of British dominion, and one of 1 the most senior offcials of the British administration were captured. -
National University of Ireland St.Patrick's College, Maynooth T Itle
National University of Ireland St.Patrick's College, M aynooth T i t l e FENIANISM - A MALE BUSINESS? A CASE STUDY OF MARY JANE 0 ' DONOVAN ROSSA (1845-1916) by SYLKE LEHNE IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF M.A. DEPARTMENT OF MODERN HISTORY, ST. PATRICK'S COLLEGE, MAYNOOTH HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: P r o f e s s o r R .V . Coiner fo r d Supervisor of Research: Professor R.V.Comerford August 1995 SUMMARY Mary Jane O'Donovan Rossa was born in Clonakilty, Co. Cork in January 1845. Her father's active involvement in the Young Ireland movement, the experience of the Famine years and her marriage to the fenian leader, Jeremiah 0'Donovan Rossa, influenced the formation of her political attitude and her ardent nationalism . As the eldest of ten children she was to take over responsibility for her family at an early stage of her life. She considered her duty for her family always as primary to unnecessary sacrifices for political principles and strongly defended this attitude against Rossa's inconsiderate willingness to sacrifice himself and those close to him. Although Mary Jane submitted to the fenian attitude that women were to be the helpers behind the scene, she proved, particularly in her work as Secretary of the Ladies' Committee (1865-67) that she was capable of leadership and of taking over political responsibility. Being always a loyal, unconditional supporter of her husband and his cause and bearing severe hardship for them throughout her entire life, she left the political stage to Rossa and only took his place whenever he was unable to attend to his political d u t i e s .