"SPORTS MANAGEMENT" - AS a PRECONDITION for HEALTHY DEVELOPMENT of the SOCIETY Muhammad Abu Ahmad, Phd Student, Free International University of Moldova
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"SPORTS MANAGEMENT" - AS A PRECONDITION FOR HEALTHY DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOCIETY Muhammad Abu Ahmad, PhD student, Free International University of Moldova Abstract In the context of commercialization of sports economy and the development of sports industry as an economic category, it is the sports managers who solve the main tasks of building infrastructure that meets generally accepted international and European standards. In everyday life there is a stereotype that sports managers are those who “trade players”. In management theory, there is no one definition of the term "manager." There are many definitions. All proposed definitions are based on an understanding of the essence of management. The word "management" in its original sense meant the ability to go around horses and rule them. The basis is the English verb "to manage", which comes from the Latin "manus" (hand). If you follow the logic, then "management" literally means "ruling people.". Keywords: management, planning, selective management, efficiency, prediction, effect. Introduction. In modern science, "management" refers to the process of leading or managing an employee, a working group, a team, an organization, several organizations operating in a market economy. Management in sports is an independent type of professional activity aimed at achieving goals and implementing tasks set within the framework of a sports organization, which operates in market conditions through rational use of material, labor and information resources. In other words, management in sports is both theory and practice (knowledge, skills) of effective management of organizations of the sports industry (clubs, federations, leagues, associations, etc.) and organizations of intersectoral complexes of enterprises sports industry, sports medicine, sports education. The manager’s work is evaluated not by what he does, but by how he encourages to work and organizes other people’s work. The manager is a hired worker. Sergey Kuschenko, Kirill Fastovsky, Arsen Wenger and Steve Yzerman, Alexandru Spiridon are also hired managers[2]. Managerial activity - one of the most important factors in the functioning and development of sports. Historically in Israel, coaches, instructors, and methodologists were in charge of managing sports. 89 They often combined the educational and training work of the coach with the management of the club, sports society, sports federation, although their job descriptions did not provide for them to perform such duties. Management in sports, as a special type of professional activity of managers in the sports industry arises as a result of division and cooperation of their labor [7]. As we have already noted, the reason for the emergence of sports managers was the market economy, which made special demands to managers in the context of economic and sports competition. The results of a recent study showed which countries are most fanatical about sports. When calculating the international sports index, we took into account both the enthusiasm of fans and specific achievements, in particular victories at the Olympic Games and in international competitions, FIFA's rating, the involvement of the population in sports and even the number of stadiums. The first place in the ranking was taken by the United States of America: the country has 367 stadiums and an average of 56.54 medals at the Olympic games (both summer and winter). Top 10 most sporting countries in the world: 1.USA, 2.Russia, 3.China, 4.Germany, 5.France, 6.Great Britain, 7.Australia, 8.Japan, 9.Spain, 10.Italy. [9] Fig. 1. Clasarea țărilor după nivelul de sănătate [1] Classification of management and educational levels. A sports organization has a specific internal structure based on the specifics of a particular sport. In such a structure, there are offices, departments, divisions, groups, teams. In other words, in the sports organization there are various types of management activities. Together with them, the structure of relationships and subordination appears [6]. Fig. 2. Levels of education and skill levels. Stages of education and levels of qualification according to NQF[3] 90 This means that managers are of different levels, and they solve different tasks. The national qualifications framework clearly shows the qualification level of management requirements for education. Level 9 - leaders of the Olympic Committee, the organizing committees of the World Championships, European Championships, the Olympic Games, professional sports associations Level 8 - heads of the centers of sports training of national teams, sports facilities, national sports federations, professional sports leagues and clubs, sports societies, sports facilities, organizing committees of sports and entertainment events Level 7 - heads of sports federations, clubs, functional departments of sports organizations (departments, offices, divisions, groups), members of integrated research groups Level 6 - heads of sports education institutions, leaders of sports mass work at the place of residence, place of work Educational levels: AS - postgraduate, M - MA, B - Bachelor, SPO - secondary vocational education Functions of the sports manager. The main functions of managers in sports can be represented as follows: - Sports managers work in the governing bodies of the Olympic movement at various levels. - Sports managers are engaged in managing sports events: the city championship, region, county, country, World and European Championships, the Olympic Games. - Sports managers manage their own sports business projects, commercial tournaments, sports festivals, mass competitions. - Sports managers are engaged in organizing the team, recruiting staff and athletes, developing ticket programs and various strategies for organizing, working with fans and with stakeholders in the external environment. The market is characterized by uncertainty of the situation and entrepreneurial risk. They require managers’ independence and responsibility for their decisions. The professionalism of the sports manager is manifested in the knowledge of the organization's management technology and the laws of the market, in the ability to organize coordinated work of the team and predict the development of the organization [6]. Summarizing the experience of training sports managers in the university and the market demand for specialists of this profile shows that an increasing number of organizations in the sports industry need managers with a certain set of skills. Here are the main ones: - mastery of modern computer technologies and programs; - fluency in English / foreign language; - the ability to shape the information policy of the organization; - organization of the work of the office of the organization and the formation of the team; - knowledge of basic marketing and management strategies; - knowledge of the regulations and regulations for competitions for the subsequent organization of sporting events; So far, we have to state with regret that the market mechanism of supply and demand of sports management specialists in our country has not yet been thoroughly formed. Optimism is added by the introduction of professional standards for employees in the sports industry and the procedure for mandatory certification for specialists. This will allow, on the one hand, to make an inventory of managerial personnel in the industry, and on the other, to identify the priorities of managerial specialties in the general list of sports management positions. To create your own club you need to take a few steps. According to the author, any road begins with the first step. This first step should be the understanding that playing football, jumping to triple toe loop, swimming two hundred breaststroke is one thing, and being the head of a sports club is another. First of all, in terms of responsibility. It is the level of responsibility that distinguishes managers from all other people. You are ready to assume responsibility for all organizational, administrative, sports, economic, household, legal, advertising, social activities of your club. Sometimes there is frustration, if you do not feel the determination and willingness to start an active activity [7]. The training program for rulers and managers of sports organizations based on professional standards guarantees the acquisition of the necessary knowledge and skills of a manager to make responsible decisions. Sports club is a legal entity. To create a sports club within the law, you must participate in official competitions. To create a sports club, you need a legal entity. Legal entities differ in organizational and legal forms. Sports clubs are also created in various forms. It may be: 91 • commercial company - for example, a limited liability company or a joint-stock company. • non-profit organization - an autonomous non-profit organization, public organization, association, union, foundation, etc. Each of the presented legal forms has both advantages and disadvantages. It is necessary to determine which activities, and at what level of mass sports, professional sports, and sports of the highest achievements are going to be tackled [6]. The answer to this question will help you make the right choice when registering a legal entity. There is a legal form - an autonomous non-profit organization (ANO). It has a number of features and benefits that will especially help at the start. Registration of non-profit organizations takes place in parallel through two state bodies - through the Ministry of Justice and the Federal Tax