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PFM Baseline Survey Report SOS Sahel Ethiopia Strengthening Sustainable Livelihoods and Forest Management Programme (SSLFM) Participatory Forest Management Baseline Survey Addis Ababa, April 2011 Contents Acronyms .......................................................................................................................................... 3 Summary of Baseline Findings ........................................................................................................... 4 Background ....................................................................................................................................... 8 Programme Indicators and Research Questions .................................................................................. 9 SSLFM Programme Indicators .......................................................................................................10 Sources of Data, Collection Methods and Sampling ............................................................................12 Sample Size and Sampling Technique ............................................................................................14 PFM Baseline Survey Findings ..........................................................................................................15 AMHARA REGIONAL STATE ....................................................................................................15 BENISHANGUL GUMUZ REGIONAL STATE ........................................................................... 23 OROMIA REGIONAL STATE .....................................................................................................31 SOUTHERN NATIONS’, NATIONALITIES’ AND PEOPLES’ REGIONAL STATE (SNNP) ....... 39 Government Capacity in Participatory Forest Management ............................................................. 47 Participatory Forest Management and Government Policy .............................................................. 47 Constraints and Limitations Faced ................................................................................................... 49 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................................51 Annex 1 : Training Needs Assessment (TNA) : Skills Summaries by Woreda ..................................... 52 Annex 2 : Community-listed definitions of wealth categories .............................................................57 EU Disclaimer : The content presented in this baseline report are the sole responsibility of the programme holders (FARM-Africa and SOS Sahel) and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union. 2 Acronyms BERSMP Bale Eco-Region Sustainable Management Programme BOARD Board of Agriculture and Rural Development CBO Community-based organization DA Development agent FARM/SOS FARM-Africa and SOS Sahel Ethiopia FMG Forest management group GIS Global information systems GPS Global positioning system HEA Household economic analysis MOA Ministry of Agriculture NRM Natural resource management NTFP Non-timber forest product REDD Reducing emissions from deforestation and degradation PFM Participatory forest management PFRA Participatory forest resource assessment PIA Participatory impact assessment SOS Save our souls [also Help! call-out in Morse Code] SSLFM Strengthening Sustainable Livelihoods and Forest Management TOT Training of trainers TVET Teaching, vocational & educational training TNA Training needs assessment VSLG Village savings-and-loans group Ethiopian administrative divisions --Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia ---Regional State (Region) ----Zone -----Woreda (District) ------Kebele (Community) -------Got or Zoni (Community sub-division or hamlet) 3 Summary of Baseline Findings Specific Indicator (taken Findings objectives from logframe) & results Amhara Benishangul-Gumuz Oromia Southern Nations (SNNPR) PFM 7 new forest areas No area was put under PFM No area was put under PFM 12 forest areas (Bale 3 forest areas specific under PFM by end in the programme in the programme mountains, Adaba-Dodolla, objectives of programme intervention zones and intervention zones and Liben, Arero, Yabello, Mojo, (2014) woredas during the baseline woredas during the baseline Belete Gera, Jello Muktar, data collection period data collection period Galema, Suba) Regional No data available on the rate No data available on the rate 3.1% 1.9 % per year in Chena, Bita deforestation of deforestation of deforestation and Gewata arrested Regional forest 155,088.8 ha of forest in the 66,913 ha of forest in the 3.1 million ha (1,201,594 ha 87,300 ha of forest in the project area increased project intervention area project intervention area natural forest, 75,827 ha intervention area (doesn’t plantation) include Chena) PFM Regional No budget allocation for No budget allocation for OFWE allocates some budget No budget allocation for PFM expected governments PFM during the time of the PFM during the time of the to implement PFM related results incorporate PFM baseline survey baseline survey activities. into annual budgets and work plans Regional The available skills on PFM There is a general lack of Oromia as a region has better The TNAs revealed a general governments have are not adequate skill. See PFM-related skills and knowledge and skills on PFM. lack of PFM-related skills and skills and the training need assessment knowledge in all the The TNA conducted in the knowledge in all the programme knowledge to findings programme interventions project intervention areas interventions woredas. See the implement PFM woredas. See the TNA revealed a need for skills TNA summary on the main summary on the main report including forest demarcation, report identification of forest users, preparing forest user agreements, and supporting communities in forest management. See the TNA summary on the main report At least 84 FMGs No FMGs established No FMGs established 335 forest management groups 17 established and active 270,000 ha of No are put under PFM No are put under PFM 267,113 ha of forest in Bale 38,595 ha in Kefa and Sheka natural forest in mountains, Adaba-Dodolla, zones four regions put Liben, Arero, Yabello, Mojo, 14,708 ha in Bita, Chena and under PFM (and Belete Gera, Jello Muktar, Gewata Specific Indicator (taken Findings objectives from logframe) & results Amhara Benishangul-Gumuz Oromia Southern Nations (SNNPR) forest condition Galema, Suba improved) By end of No forest user rights granted No forest user rights granted Data on the number of There are forest management programme, to people or group of people to group of people beneficiaries is not available groups who have got legal right 200,000 people from the regional government to have secure forest- manage, use and live in the forest user rights Specific Indicator (taken Findings objectives from logframe) Amhara Benishangul-Gumuz Oromia Southern Nations (SNNPR) & results Livelihoo Increased % of ds specific NTFP in objective household income Income sources of sample Income sources of 30 hhs in Gidame Woreda sample households in Chena Income sources of 30 sample Income sources of 30 households in Banja Woreda sample hhs in Kumruk Ale Woreda Income sources of 30 sample households in Yeki Fagits Lekoma Woreda Woreda Mao Komo Woreda Wadera Woreda 5 Livelihoo At least 84 NTFP No NTFP enterprise available No NTFP enterprise available Data not available 43 NTFP enterprise in Bita ds enterprises in the project intervention in the project intervention woreda expected established (with areas areas results 50% female members) 240 village No data available No data available Data not available 32 in Yeki and Gewata savings-and-loans sub-groups created, and linked with micro- finance institutions Specific Indicator (taken Findings objectives from logframe) Amhara Benishangul-Gumuz Oromia Southern Nations (SNNPR) & results Policy Federal policy specific incorporates PFM objectives by 2013 Regional policy A draft forest proclamation is There is no official regional The preamble of regulation The SNNPR Forest incorporates PFM under preparation in Amhara forest proclamation in place no. 90/2007 for the Management, Development, and by 2013 Region; according to article establishment of forest Utilization Proclamation No. 13/2, “…Utilization of enterprises in Oromia 77/2004, Article 11/1 states that forests under community Regional State states that “The local people should directly administration is subject to “The forest enterprise is participate in identifying the full agreement of the required to promote the problems associated with community who owns the participation of local afforestation, development, and forest, while a management communities living around preparation of relevant plans.” plan has to be prepared by the forest in forest joint action of relevant kebele protection and In SNNPR, PFM agreements administrators and woreda development activities, and have been made between existing bureau of agriculture.” in sharing the benefits forest management groups / derived from forest cooperatives, and the woreda products…” (district) offices of a programme in Bonga which Farm- Africa/SOS-Sahel has already handed over to the government. Forest access and Federal regulation to provide No readily available regional user rights secured for development, forest policy or proclamation under legal conservation and utilization during the time of the 6 agreements of forests is under make baseline survey. Yet the regional forest proclamation of Benishangul- Gumuz
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