DOCSLIB.ORG

A Comparison of Vaginal Biocoenosis Examination with Exfoliative Cervical Cytology

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Comparison of Vaginal Biocoenosis Examination with Exfoliative Cervical Cytology Prog Health Sci 2017, Vol 7, No 2 Vaginal biocoenosis comparing exfoliative cervical cytology A comparison of vaginal biocoenosis examination with exfoliative cervical cytology Hawryluk M.1A-D, Ustymowicz W.2B,C, Hawryluk I.2B,C, Maciorkowska M.2B,C, Pryczynicz A.*2A,B,C,E,F 1. Gravida, Płock, Poland 2. Department of General Pathomorphology, Medical University of Bialystok, Poland _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ A- Conception and study design; B - Collection of data; C - Data analysis; D - Writing the paper; E- Review article; F - Approval of the final version of the article; G - Other ___________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction: Gynecologists have been cytological screening in a gynecological office. increasingly frequently switching from vaginal Patients underwent gynecological examination biocoenosis assessment towards cervical cytology covering external areas, colposcopy, vaginal pH results to obtain information on infection type. measurement, sampling for vaginal biocoenosis Exfoliative cervical cytology is a screening test for assessment purposes, and cytological sampling. dysplastic intraepithelial lesions and ectocervical Results: It was demonstrated that diagnostic cancers. One should emphasize, however, that one conformity for Candida sp accounted for only of the four parts of the new Bethesda classification 17.2%, changes of bacterial flora for only 4%, and specifies such inflammatory lesions as: in the case of Trichomonas vaginalis for only 3.9%. Trichomonas vaginalis, Candida, Actinomyces, According to our observations, bacterial infections Chlamydia, cellular changes consistent with HSV and candidiases were more frequently diagnosed infection, and changes in bacterial flora. during vaginal biocoenosis examinations comparing Gynecologists, however, can perform vaginal with cytological screening; whereas, Trichomonas biocoenosis assessment individually and diagnose vaginalis infections were more frequently its abnormalities in a relatively short timeframe. diagnosed in cytological screening. Purpose: To analyse associations between lesions Conclusions: Lack of 100% correlation between revealed during vaginal biocoenosis assessment in the vaginal biocoenosis test and cytological results correlation to lesions described in studies dedicated according to the Bethesda system means that to cytological assessments of ectocervical smear. assessment of vaginal microflora in phase-contrast Materials and methods: The study group included microscopy should not be abandoned. 1991 female patients scheduled for follow-up Keywords: Bacterial infections, Candida sp, cervical cytology, Trichomonas vaginalis, vaginal biocoenosis _________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0010.5713 *Corresponding author: Anna Pryczynicz Department of General Pathomorphology Medical University of Bialystok e-mail: [email protected] Received: 01.05.2017 Accepted: 31.07. 2017 Progress in Health Sciences Vol. 7(2) 2017 pp 36-42 © Medical University of Białystok, Poland 36 Prog Health Sci 2017, Vol 7, No 2 Vaginal biocoenosis comparing exfoliative cervical cytology INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS The cervix is a site of frequent lesions in The study group included 1991 female females, especially in those of reproductive age. patients, aged 17 – 85 years (average age of 37.4). Inflammations are the most common health The patients underwent gynecological examination problem of the female genital organ. The potential covering external areas, colposcopy, vaginal pH causes of non-infectious cervicitis include local measurement, sampling for vaginal biocoenosis injury, chemical irritation, radiation, systemic assessment purposes, and cytological sampling. inflammation, or neoplasm. Sexually transmitted Upon cervical imaging with a colposcope, infections are a more common etiologic agent of the ectocervical surface and adjoining discharge cervicitis and may be caused by Chlamydia was assessed in detail. The macroscopic trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas ectocervical image revealed both normal conditions vaginalis, herpes simplex virus (HSV), or human and the following lesions: inflammation, erosion, papilloma virus (HPV). Non-infectious diseases hyperplasia, polyp, ulceration, condylomas, include Mycoplasma genitalium, Candida spp, and deformation, necrosis, and tumour. bacterial vaginosis [1,2]. Vaginal discharge was sampled from the The standard diagnostic sequence of posterior fornix using a sterile swab (tupfer) and cervical infections includes medical interview, adequately prepared: thin layer of vaginal discharge physical examination, and microscopic was equally distributed on the surface of a dry and examination. Physical examination consists of defatted slide, dripped with 0.9% NaCl solution and abdominal palpation, vaginal examination with covered with a cover slip. The obtained smears vulva abnormality assessment, colposcopy were assessed using the Olympus IX41 phase (assessment of vaginal mucosa and ectocervix), contrast microscope according to the Jirovec – Peter vaginal pH assessment, amine test (with 10% KOH – Malek classification. solution), and sampling for macroscopic For the purposes of cytological sampling, examinations. Vaginal purity degree is assessed the colposcopic cervical image was acquired. from vaginal swabs whereas ectocervical and Ectocervical and cervical canal cells were sampled cervical canal smears are subject to cytological using the Cervex-Brush-type gynecological swab screening according to PAP or Bethesda systems brush. The material sampled on the brush was then (screening test). Detailed infection diagnosis also distributed onto the slide and immediately fixed by covers microbiological examinations or HPV tests treating with Cytofix. The slides were stained using [3-6]. the Papanicolaou method and assessed using the Gynecologists have been increasingly valid cytological slide screening method according frequently switching from vaginal biocoenosis to the Bethesda system with the Olympus CX40 assessment towards cervical cytology results to microscope. obtain information on infection type. Exfoliative In accordance with the GCPs (Guidelines cervical cytology is a screening test for dysplastic for Good Clinical Practice), this research was intraepithelial lesions and ectocervical cancers. One approved by the Bioethical Commission of the should emphasize, however, that one of the four Medical University of Bialystok (Resolution No.: parts of the new Bethesda classification specifies R-I-002/36/2013). such inflammatory lesions as: Trichomonas Statistical research was performed using vaginalis, Candida, Actinomyces, Chlamydia, STATISTICA 10 PL software. Description of the cellular changes consistent with HSV infection, and study group was performed using basic descriptive changes of bacterial flora. Gynecologists, however, statistics. Correlations between the researched can perform vaginal biocoenosis assessment parameters were verified with Spearman’s individually and diagnose its abnormalities in a correlation test. Data is presented in contingency relatively short timeframe. Any identified abnormal tables. The critical level for all tests of significance vaginal discharge should then be assessed to was .05. determine its colour and cohesion. In the first stage, vaginal pH should be assessed using lithmus paper. RESULTS Normal pH ranges between 3.8 and 4.5. A pH<4.5 excludes bacterial vaginitis. In such cases, Vaginal biocoenosis assessment and cytological diagnosis should be switched towards fungal screening results. etiology confirmation. A pH>4.5 result may reveal In vaginal biocoenosis assessment, its pathogenic bacterial flora or trichomoniasis [7-12]. normal condition was demonstrated in 95.1% of Thus, the purpose of this study was to female patients. The presence of Candida sp. fungi analyse the association between lesions revealed was observed in 216 female patients (10.9%), during vaginal biocoenosis assessment in abnormal bacterial flora in 74 female patients correlation to lesions described in studies dedicated (0.3%), and Trichomonas vaginalis in 6 female to cytological assessments of ectocervical smear. patients (Table 1). 37 Prog Health Sci 2017, Vol 7, No 2 Vaginal biocoenosis comparing exfoliative cervical cytology Analysis performed on the basis of to the Bethesda system), with such diagnosed cytological smear results according to the Bethesda lesions as: ASC-US (atypical squamous cells of system revealed normal smears in 24% of female undetermined significance) in 207 female patients, patients. As many as 1544 (76%) female patients ASC-H (atypical squamous cells - cannot exclude screened, out of 1991, were diagnosed with an HSIL) in 8 female patients, LSIL (low-grade abnormal condition associated with non-cancerous squamous intraepithelial lesion) in 37 female lesions and epithelial cell abnormalities. Non- patients, atypical glandular cells of cervical canal cancerous lesions (CI according to the Bethesda (AGC) in 8 female patients and squamous system) were present in 62.9% of the female carcinoma in 1 female patient. HSIL (high-grade patients and included infections (5%) and pH squamous intraepithelial lesion) and other glandular changes in
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Implications for Biogeographical Theory and the Conservation of Nature
    Journal of Biogeography (J. Biogeogr.) (2004) 31, 177–197 GUEST The mismeasure of islands: implications EDITORIAL for biogeographical theory and the conservation of nature Hartmut S. Walter Department of Geography, University of ABSTRACT California, Los Angeles, CA, USA The focus on place rather than space provides geography with a powerful raison d’eˆtre. As in human geography, the functional role of place is integral to the understanding of evolution, persistence and extinction of biotic taxa. This paper re-examines concepts and biogeographical evidence from a geographical rather than ecological or evolutionary perspective. Functional areography provides convincing arguments for a postmodern deconstruction of major principles of the dynamic Equilibrium Theory of Island Biogeography (ETIB). Endemic oceanic island taxa are functionally insular as a result of long-term island stability, con- finement, isolation, and protection from continental invasion and disturbance. Most continental taxa persist in different, more complex and open spatial systems; their geographical place is therefore fundamentally distinct from the functional insularity of oceanic island taxa. This creates an insular-continental polarity in biogeography that is currently not reflected in conservation theory. The focus on the biogeographical place leads to the development of the eigenplace concept de- fined as the functional spatial complex of existence. The application of still popular ETIB concepts in conservation biology is discouraged. The author calls for the Correspondence: Hartmut S. Walter, integration of functional areography into modern conservation science. Department of Geography, University of Keywords California, Los Angeles, P. O. Box 951524, CA 90095-1524, USA. Functional areography, geographical place, eigenplace concept, island biogeog- E-mail: [email protected] raphy, insularity, continentality, conservation biology, nature conservation.
    [Show full text]
  • On the Nature and Nomenclature of Ecology's Fourth Level
    Biol. Rev. (2008), 83, pp. 71–78. 71 doi:10.1111/j.1469-185X.2007.00032.x Levels of organization in biology: on the nature and nomenclature of ecology’s fourth level William Z. Lidicker, Jr.* Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA (Received 30 May 2007; revised 15 October 2007; accepted 22 October 2007) ABSTRACT Viewing the universe as being composed of hierarchically arranged systems is widely accepted as a useful model of reality. In ecology, three levels of organization are generally recognized: organisms, populations, and communities (biocoenoses). For half a century increasing numbers of ecologists have concluded that recognition of a fourth level would facilitate increased understanding of ecological phenomena. Sometimes the word ‘‘ecosystem’’ is used for this level, but this is arguably inappropriate. Since 1986, I and others have argued that the term ‘‘landscape’’ would be a suitable term for a level of organization defined as an ecological system containing more than one community type. However, ‘‘landscape’’ and ‘‘landscape level’’ continue to be used extensively by ecologists in the popular sense of a large expanse of space. I therefore now propose that the term ‘‘ecoscape’’ be used instead for this fourth level of organization. A clearly defined fourth level for ecology would focus attention on the emergent properties of this level, and maintain the spatial and temporal scale-free nature inherent in this hierarchy of organizational levels for living entities. Key words: ecoscape, landscape, ecosystem, ecological system, spatial ecology, hierarchy theory, community ecology, emergent properties, holism, spatial and temporal scales. CONTENTS I. Introduction .........................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystem Ecology Living Organisms and Their Non Living (Abiotic) Environment Are Interrelated and Interact with Each Other
    1 | P a g e Ecosystem Ecology Living organisms and their non living (abiotic) environment are interrelated and interact with each other. The term ‘ecosystem’ was proposed by A. G. Tansley and it was defined as the system resulting from the integration of all living and non living factors of the environment. Some parallel terms such as biocoenosis, microcosm, geobiocoenosis, holecoen, biosystem, bioenert body and ecosom were used for each ecological systems. However, the term ‘ecosystem’ is most preferred, where ‘eco’ stands for the environment, and ‘system’ stands for an interacting, interdependent complex. Any unit that includes all the organisms, i.e. communities, in a given area, interacts with the physical environment so that a flow of energy leads to a clearly defined trophic structure, biotic diversity and material cycle within the system, is known as an ecological system or ecosystem. It is usually an open system with regular but variable influx and loss of materials and energy. It is a basic functional unit with unlimited boundaries. Types of ecosystems The ecosystems can be broadly divided into the following two types; 1. Natural ecosystems 2. Artificial (man cultured ecosystems Natural ecosystems The ecosystems which are self-operating under natural conditions with any interference by man, are known as natural ecosystems. These ecosystems may be classified as follows: 1. Terrestrial ecosystems, e.g. Forests, grasslands and deserts 2. Aquatic ecosystems, which may be further classified as i) Freshwater: ecosystem, which in turn is divided into lentic (running water like streams, springs, rivers, etc.) and lentic (standing water like lakes, bonds, pools, swamps, ditches, etc.) ii) Marine ecosystem, e.g.
    [Show full text]
  • Structure of Soil Biocoenosis and Biodiversity in Olive Orchards of Three Eastern Mediterranean Islands
    ENTOMOLOGIA HELLENICA 23 (2014): 1-9 Structure of soil biocoenosis and biodiversity in olive orchards of three eastern Mediterranean islands Z. LIANTRAKI, I. TZOKAS AND D. KOLLAROS* School of Agricultural Technology, ΤΕΙ Crete, Stavromenos PC 71004, Herakleion, Crete, Greece ABSTRACT In this work the structure of soil arthropods’ biocoenosis was compared among 11 olive orchards from six localities of Crete (three of the localities from Messara’s valley, including two olive orchards each one, plus three localities near to Herakleion city) and other two ones each from the island of Kos and Cyprus. Pitfall traps were used and totally 35 taxa were captured. The order Coleoptera and the family Formicidae were the two main taxa at the 8 of the 11 olive orchards. Statistically significant differences in biodiversity were recorded among the orchards separating them in three groups, the first group included Messara’s olive orchards, the second the olive orchards of the rest of the Crete and the third group the olive groves of the other two islands. Messara’s group had higher biodiversity than the third group. By studying the similarities of biological communities, some pairs of Messara’s olive groves, have the highest ones. Among the 15 highest values, the 14 belonged to pairs between Messara’s olive orchards. Generally, biocoenosis in all 11 olive orchards of the three different islands follows a similar pattern, despite of differences in cultural practices and changes of climatic factors from a year to another. KEY WORDS: Biodiversity, biological communities, olive orchards, pitfall traps. Introduction order, such as Coleoptera in Spain (Cotes et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska
    U. S. Department of the Interior BLM-Alaska Technical Report to Bureau of Land Management BLM/AK/TR-84/1 O December' 1984 reprinted October.·2001 Alaska State Office 222 West 7th Avenue, #13 Anchorage, Alaska 99513 Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska Herman W. Gabriel and Stephen S. Talbot The Authors HERMAN w. GABRIEL is an ecologist with the USDI Bureau of Land Management, Alaska State Office in Anchorage, Alaskao He holds a B.S. degree from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and a Ph.D from the University of Montanao From 1956 to 1961 he was a forest inventory specialist with the USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Regiono In 1966-67 he served as an inventory expert with UN-FAO in Ecuador. Dra Gabriel moved to Alaska in 1971 where his interest in the description and classification of vegetation has continued. STEPHEN Sa TALBOT was, when work began on this glossary, an ecologist with the USDI Bureau of Land Management, Alaska State Office. He holds a B.A. degree from Bates College, an M.Ao from the University of Massachusetts, and a Ph.D from the University of Alberta. His experience with northern vegetation includes three years as a research scientist with the Canadian Forestry Service in the Northwest Territories before moving to Alaska in 1978 as a botanist with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. or. Talbot is now a general biologist with the USDI Fish and Wildlife Service, Refuge Division, Anchorage, where he is conducting baseline studies of the vegetation of national wildlife refuges. ' . Glossary of Landscape and Vegetation Ecology for Alaska Herman W.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecosystems Ecosystems
    Presentation Ecosystems Ecosystems What is an ecosystem? An ecosystem includes all of the living and non-living things in a particular place. An ecosystem is made up of two parts, the biotope and the biocoenosis. Ecosystems biotope biocoenosis It includes all of the non-living It includes all the living things in things in an ecosystem. an ecosystem. Ecosystems What kind of relationships are there in an ecosystem? Intraspecific relationship: Interspecific relationship: exist between individual exist between individual members of the same species members of different species. Trophic relationships What are trophic relationships? Trophic relationships exist between the organisms that eat and the organisms that are eaten. A food chain shows the trophic relationships between organisms that live in the same ecosystem. A food web shows all the different food chains in an ecosystem. Trophic relationships How do we classify living things according to their trophic relationships? Plants are producers: they make their own food. Caterpillar are herbivores. They are primary consumers Praying mantis are carnivores. They are secondary consumers. Owls are carnivore. They are tertiary consumers, they feed on secondary consumers. Fungi and bacteria are decomposers: they break down the remains of dead organisms. The classification of ecosystems How do we classify ecosystems? A natural ecosystem is an ecosystem where no human activity has altered the biotope. Natural ecosystems can be classified into: 1. Terrestrial ecosystems 2. Prairie or savannah ecosystems 3. Forest and woodlands ecosystems 4. Tropical rainforest ecosystem 5. Aquatic ecosystems The classification of ecosystems How do we classify ecosystems? Artificial ecosystems include cities, towns, villages and artificial aquatic ecosystems, such as reservoirs or garden An artificial ecosystem is an ponds.
    [Show full text]
  • Protection of Biodiversity in the Risk Management
    TEXTE 76 /2015 Protection of Biodiversity in the Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Pesticides (Plant Protection Products & Biocides) with a Focus on Arthropods, Soil Organisms and Amphibians TEXTE 76/2015 Environmental Research of the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear Safety Project No. (FKZ) 3709 65 421 Report No. (UBA-FB) 002175/E Protection of Biodiversity in the Risk Assessment and Risk Management of Pesticides (Plant Protection Products & Biocides) with a Focus on Arthropods, Soil Organisms and Amphibians by Carsten A. Brühl, Annika Alscher, Melanie Hahn Institut für Umweltwissenschaften , Universität Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany Gert Berger, Claudia Bethwell, Frieder Graef Leibniz-Zentrum für Agrarlandschaftsforschung (ZALF) e.V., Müncheberg, Germany Thomas Schmidt, Brigitte Weber Harlan Laboratories, Ittingen, Switzerland On behalf of the Federal Environment Agency (Germany) Imprint Publisher: Umweltbundesamt Wörlitzer Platz 1 06844 Dessau-Roßlau Tel: +49 340-2103-0 Fax: +49 340-2103-2285 [email protected] Internet: www.umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt.de /umweltbundesamt Study performed by: Institut für Umweltwissenschaften, Universität Koblenz-Landau Fortstr. 7 76829 Landau, Germany Study completed in: August 2013 Edited by: Section IV 1.3 Plant Protection Products Dr. Silvia Pieper Publication as pdf: http://www.umweltbundesamt.de/publikationen/protection-of-biodiversity-in-the-risk-assessment ISSN 1862-4804 Dessau-Roßlau, September 2015 The Project underlying this report was supported with funding from the Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Building and Nuclear safety under project number FKZ 3709 65 421. The responsibility for the content of this publication lies with the author(s). Table of Contents Table of Contents 1.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Evaluation
    Biological evaluation Anđelka Mijatović Habitats Habitat is, from ecological point of view, location (e.g. plash, rock, river beds, rover, etc.), where organisms live (plant, fungi, and animal) or biological community (Biocoenosis). Habitat with biological community (Biocoenosis) makes higher unit which is called ecological system (Ecosystem). Diversity of certain habitat is in close connection with geographical location, indentedness of the relief, geological, climate and hydrographical circumstances and human influences. By different actions in the area, many of the habitats are endangered and some of them are already destroyed. Consequently, many types of organisms are endangered and some of them are considered to be extinct in this area. Endangered habitats Habitats noted as endangered in Croatia are shown in the Table. According to: Antonić, O.; Kušan, V.; Bakran-Petricioli, T.; Alegro, A.; Gootstein-Matočec, S.; Peternel, H.; Tkalčec, Z. (2005): Habitat classification of the Republic of Croatia. Drypis 1/1 : 1-12. Stanišni tip NATURA PHYSIS NKS Panonski slani travnjaci 1340 15.4 C.37 Vrištine bujadnice s 5130 31.882 D1215 običnom borovicom Karbonatna vrela 7220 54.12 A34 Cretne brezove šumice na 91D0 44.A12 E327 sfagnumskom cretu Galerije oleandra 92D0 44.81 D322 Šume i nasadi pinije i 9540 42.80 E8210 primorskog bora Sedrotvorne riječne 24.422 A35 zajednice Sedrotvorna vegetacija na 24.423 A36 slapovima Kompleks NATURA PHYSIS NKS Estuariji 1130 11.2, 13.2 K1 Obalne lagune 1150 21 K2 Velike plitke uvale i zaljevi 1160 12 K3 Explanation of abbreviations from the table NATURA – NATURA 2000 is ecological network of European Union which includes areas important for preservation of endangered species and habitat types.
    [Show full text]
  • Handbook for Interpreting Types of Marine Habitat for The
    SUMMARY INTRODUCTION 09 Background 09 Some reminders about marine ecology 10 List of Mediterranean benthic biocenoses 10 Bibliographical references 11 I - SUPRALITTORAL STAGE I.2. SANDS I.2.1. Biocenosis of supralittoral sands 12 I.2.1.5. Facies with washed-up phanerogams (upper part) 14 II - MEDIOLITTORAL STAGE II.1. MUDS, SANDY MUDS AND SANDS OF LAGOONSAND ESTUARIES II.1.1. Biocenosis of muddy sands and muds 16 II.1.1.1. Association with halophytes 18 II.1.1.2. Facies of saltworks 20 II.3. STONES AND PEBBLES II.3.1. Biocenosis of mediolittoral detritic bottoms 22 II.3.1.1. Facies with banks of dead leaves of Posidonia oceanica and other phanerogams 24 II.4. HARD BEDS AND ROCKS II.4. 1. Biocenosis of the upper mediolittoral rock 26 II.4.1.3. Association with Nemalion helminthoides and Rissoella verruculosa 28 II.4.1.4. Association with Lithophyllum papillosum and Polysiphonia spp 30 II.4.2. Biocenosis of the lower mediolittoral rock 32 II.4.2.1. Association with Lithophyllum lichenoides (=L. tortuosum rim) 34 II.4.2.5. Facies with Pollicipes cornucopiae 36 II.4.2.7. The association with Fucus virsoides 38 II.4.2.8. Neogoniolithon brassica-forida concretion 40 II.4.2.10. Pools and lagoons sometimes associated with Vermetids (infralittoral enclave) See sheet III.6.1.3. Facies with Vermetids 90 I.4.3. Mediolittoral caves 42 II.4.3.1. Association with Phymatolithon lenormadii and Hildenbrandia rubra 44 III - INFRALITTORAL III.1. SANDY MUDS, SANDS, GRAVELS AND ROCKS IN EURYHALINE AND EURYTHERMAL ENVIRONMENT III.1.1.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of the Czech Methodology of Biogeographical Landscape Differentiation in Geobiocoenological Concept – Examples from Cuba, Tasmania and Yemen
    10.1515/jlecol-2015-0014 Journal of Landscape Ecology (2015), Vol: 8 / No. 3. APPLICATION OF THE CZECH METHODOLOGY OF BIOGEOGRAPHICAL LANDSCAPE DIFFERENTIATION IN GEOBIOCOENOLOGICAL CONCEPT – EXAMPLES FROM CUBA, TASMANIA AND YEMEN ANTONÍN BUČEK1, HANA HABROVÁ1, PETR MADĚRA1, KAMIL KRÁL2, MARTIN MODRÝ1, JAN LACINA1, JINDŘICH PAVLIŠ1 1Mendel University in Brno, Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Zemědělská 3, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic, e-mail: [email protected] 2The Silva Tarouca Research Institute for Landscape and Ornamental Gardening, Department of Forest Ecology, Lidická 25/27, 602 00 Brno, Czech Republic Received: 2nd October 2015, Accepted: 12th November 2015 ABSTRACT Within the area of Central Europe, and especially in the Czech Republic (and former Czechoslovakia), geobiocoenological landscape differentiation has been applied for more than 40 years to create a spatial model of the natural (potential) condition of geobiocoenoses in the landscape. Because long-term objective of geobiocoenology is to contribute to the creation of harmonic cultural landscape by gradual development of a comprehensive system of groundworks for sustainable landscape use, and as Mendel University experts work in various countries, adaptions of geobiocoenology were used also outside Europe, in tropical areas. Examples of such a work could be shown on islands such as Socotra (belonging politically to Yemen), Tasmania, and Cuba. Key words: geobiocoenology, biogeography, landscape differentiation, sustainable development, ecological network, tropics
    [Show full text]
  • 2. Aquatic Biocoenosis Living Conditions
    2. Aquatic Biocoenosis Living Conditions Conditions for aquatic organisms: • High density of medium (water) • Low salt medium (hypertension of aquatic organisms) • High solvent capacity of medium for anorganic and organic matters • Vertical gradients of different factors Water is more dense than air (775 times); specific weight of organisms is about 1.05, hence water is able to take a load. The whole water column is populated. Freshwater organisms are hypertonic, electrolyte concentration is higher and different from freshwater medium. Freshwater organisms are able to osmoregulate and to regulate the ionic composition of their body fluids. 39 2. Aquatic Biocoenosis ZONATION (HABIT ATS) IN ST AGNANT WATERS 40 2. Aquatic Biocoenosis HABITATS AND COMMUNITIES IN STAGNANT WATERS 41 2. Aquatic Biocoenosis AQUATIC COMMUNITIES Benthos Plankton Nekton Bacteriobenthos Bacterioplankton Microphytobenthos Phytoplankton Macrophytobenthos Microzoobenthos Zooplankton Pisces / Fish Macrozoobenthos 42 2. Aquatic Biocoenosis AQUATIC COMMUNITIES Aqua tic Community in Typha spp.: 1 = Lumbriculus (worm) 2 = Planorbidae (snail) 3 = Trichoptera, Limnephilus 3a = adult Trichoptera, Limnephilus 4 = Hydrous piceus (beetle) 5 = Lymnaea palustris (snail) 6 = Hirudo medicinalis (leech) 7 = Zygoptera (dragonfly) 8 = Anisoptera (dragonfly) 9 = Planorbis spec. (snail) 10 = Argyroneta aquatica (water spider) 11 = Eggs from Planorbidae 12 = Eggs from Lymnaeidae 13 = Dytiscus marginalis (great diving beetle) 14 = Mansonia spec. (gnat) 15 = Stratiomys spec. (fly) 16 = Lymnaea
    [Show full text]
  • Accompanying Botryococcus Braunii
    bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/476887; this version posted November 22, 2018. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse allowed without permission. 1 The ‘zoo’ accompanying Botryococcus braunii: 2 Unraveling the fundamentals of algae-bacteria biocoenosis 3 4 Running title: Fundamentals of algae-bacteria biocoenosis 5 6 Olga Blifernez-Klassen1,2, Viktor Klassen1,2, Daniel Wibberg2, Swapnil Chaudhari1,2, 7 Christian Henke2,3, Anika Winkler2, Arwa Al-Dilaimi2, Oliver Rupp4, Jochen Blom4, 8 Alexander Goesmann4, Alexander Sczyrba2,3, Andrea Bräutigam2,5, Jörn Kalinowski2, 9 Olaf Kruse1,2* 10 11 1Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 12 Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany 13 2Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 33615 14 Bielefeld, Germany 15 3Computational Metagenomics, Faculty of Technology, Bielefeld University, 16 Universitätsstrasse 25, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany 17 4Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 58, 18 35392 Gießen, Germany 19 5Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 20 33615 Bielefeld, Germany 21 22 *Address correspondence to: Olaf Kruse, Algae Biotechnology and Bioenergy, Faculty of 23 Biology, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec), Bielefeld University, Universitätsstrasse 27, 24 33615 Bielefeld, Germany; phone: +49 521 106-12258; email: [email protected] 25 26 Competing interests 27 The authors declare that they have no competing interests. 28 This work was supported by the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007- 29 2013) under grant agreement 311956 and by the BMBF-funded project “Bielefeld-Gießen 30 Center for Microbial Bioinformatics” – BiGi (grant 031A533).
    [Show full text]