Historic and Architectural Resource Survey of Portions of the Town of Old Saybrook, Connecticut
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HISTORIC AND ARCHITECTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY OF PORTIONS OF THE TOWN OF OLD SAYBROOK, CONNECTICUT The Town of Old Saybrook, as depicted on an 1893 atlas map Project Historians: David L. Taylor, M. A., Principal Mary Anne Reeves, M. A., Senior Historian TAYLOR & TAYLOR ASSOCIATES, INC. Project Director: Tedd Levy Old Saybrook Historical Society Sponsors: State of Connecticut Dannel P. Malloy, Governor Daniel Forrest State Historic Preservation Officer 2015 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Board of Selectmen Carl P. Fortuna, Jr., First Selectman Scott Giegerich, Selectman Steven Gernhardt, Selectman Historic District Commission Diane DePaola Aldi, Chairman Christine Nelson, AICP, Town Planner Old Saybrook Historical Society Marie McFarlin, President Tedd Levy, Project Coordinator It has been with great pleasure that the Town of Old Saybrook undertook this survey of historic resources which define the character of our community. The survey resulted in the expansion and updating of an earlier survey project that documented the vast repertoire of the Town’s historic resources. The 2014-2015 survey prepared documentation and photography of a variety of historic properties of diverse uses and styles spanning the centuries of the development of the community, from the Colonial era into the post-World War Two decades. The Town of Old Saybrook received support for this important historic preservation project from the Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development, with funding from the Community Investment Act of the State of Connecticut. We particularly thank Mary Dunne, Survey and Planning Grants Coordinator and Deputy State Historic Preservation Officer for the Department’s historic preservation program for her guidance throughout the project. This project has been financed in part by the Department of Economic and Community Development with federal funds from the Historic Preservation Fund of the National Park Service, US Dept. of the Interior. However, the contents and opinions do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the Department or the Department of the Interior, nor does the mention of trade names or commercial products constitute endorsement or recommendation by the Department or the Department of the Interior. This program receives Federal financial assistance through the Department for identification and protection of historic properties. Under Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, the U.S. Department of the Interior prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, national origin, or handicap in its federally assisted programs. If you believe that you have been discriminated against in any program, activity, or facility described above, please write to: Office of Equal Opportunity, U.S. National Park Service, 1849 C Street, NW, Washington, DC 20240. Town of Old Saybrook Historic Resource Survey: Survey Report 2015 Table of Contents I. Introduction ........................................................................................................1 II. Methodology .......................................................................................................4 III. Historic Resource Survey Forms..........................................................................7 IV. Historic and Architectural Overview of the Project Area....................................9 V. Bibliography .........................................................................................................26 VI. Resources Related to Minority and Women’s History........................................28 VII. National Register/State Register/ HABS/HAER Analysis and Recommendations.........................................................................29 Additional Recommendations..................................................................36 VIII. Street Index of all Inventoried Resources..........................................................41 IX. Connecticut Department of Economic and Community Development Inventory Forms and Continuation Sheets.........................................................48 X: Appendix: 1915 U. S. Geological Survey Maps for the Project Area…………………..49 Town of Old Saybrook Historic Resource Survey: Survey Report 2015 I. Introduction This 2014-2015 Historic Resource Survey of selected properties in the Town of Old Saybrook, Connecticut marked the continuation of ongoing initiatives on the part of the municipal government and the Old Saybrook Historical Society to identify, document, and preserve the architectural and historical resources of this architecturally rich and diverse Middlesex County community. A 1970 survey by the Connecticut River Estuary Regional Planning Agency had documented properties throughout the Town and the community’s governmental leadership and historic preservation advocates recognized the need to re-examine the community’s historic resources more than thirty years after the initial project, evaluating Old Saybrook’s historic resources, gathering current digital images of these resources, and preparing Historic Resource Inventory-Buildings and Structures Forms in the format being used by the Connecticut State Historic Preservation Office. Middlesex County is shown in the lighter red, with the Town of Old Saybrook shown in the darker. [Wikipedia.com] The Town of Old Saybrook has an area of 21.6 square miles (13,824 acres) of which 15 square miles is land. This survey covered many sections of the Town at a reconnaissance-level and some areas at a more intensive level. The topography of the survey area ranges from essentially flat to moderate-to-gently-sloping terrain. Most streets in the Town are paved, 1 Town of Old Saybrook Historic Resource Survey: Survey Report 2015 many are illuminated with street lights mounted onto utility poles powered by overhead wiring, and sidewalks are present in most areas of the community. The downtown area has undergone major public improvements and streetscape rehabilitation. The Connecticut River marks the eastern boundary of the Town. The Town of Old Saybrook is bounded on the north by the town of Essex, on the west by Westbrook, and on the south by Long Island Sound. Fenwick, located along the Sound, is a separate borough. The above map shows the location of Old Saybrook with relationship to the adjacent municipalities [from Wikipedia.com] Given the fact that this surveyed covered much of the Town at a reconnaissance-level, building lots vary widely throughout the survey area. In formally platted neighborhoods, many lots are long and narrow with minimal side-lot setback. On the other hand, in the Town’s more rural reaches, lots are significantly larger on multi-acre lots with wooded areas encircling properties. Dependencies include garages and a few barns and carriage houses, old and new, and are found in all residential areas of the community. 2 Town of Old Saybrook Historic Resource Survey: Survey Report 2015 Old Saybrook contains a diversity of historic house types, building types, and construction methods, all of which typically represent construction methods, building types, architectural styles, and traditional house forms popular in Middlesex County from the earliest days of settlement and thereafter. Buildings range in height from one to three stories and exterior finishes include weatherboard, brick, and wood shingle. Not surprisingly, many properties have been subjected to the installation of non-historic finishes and materials, principally vinyl siding and replacement windows. Roof forms include the gabled--the most prevalent–as well as hipped, pyramidal, shed, Mansard, and gambrel. Roof finishes include wood shingle, slate, standing-seam metal, and asphalt shingle. Some roof forms often incorporate dormers and in the case of many commercial buildings along Main Street, the roofs are shallow-pitched or flat and their finishes cannot be discerned. Buildings rest on foundations of stone, poured concrete, brick, and concrete block. In some cases, foundations are parged, precluding the identification of the material from the public rights-of-way. Patterns of fenestration vary throughout the Town. Many of the earliest buildings retain historic multi-light sash, 6/6, 6/9, 12/12, etc., often with original operable exterior wood shutters. As glass technology improved in the mid-nineteenth century, larger panes of glass were produced resulting in 2/2 or 1/1 units. Windows on most domestic architecture are flat-topped, although in some cases lancet-arched windows hint at the Gothic Revival style. Historic commercial buildings in the community typically have large display windows on the first story with recessed entryways. The Town’s historic churches have lancet-arched and flat-topped windows with religious art glass. Throughout the Town, homes exhibit entry doors of varying sophistication. Single-leaf and double-leaf entry doors are found, characteristically of wood and often enframed within a frontispiece, sometimes with sidelights and a transom along with classically-derived trim such as pilasters and dentils. 3 Town of Old Saybrook Historic Resource Survey: Survey Report 2015 Porches and porticos of varying scale are seen in Old Saybrook. Some of the community’s early homes exhibit classically-derived porticos with fluted columns, most often of the Doric order. Later in the nineteenth century porches and wrap-around verandas were trimmed with Eastlake- and Italianate-style ornament including turned and chamfered posts, sawn trim, turned upper and lower balustrades,