DOCSLIB.ORG

Intelligent Systems Analyzing Sections of the Great Wall of China for Ming

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Intelligent Systems Analyzing Sections of the Great Wall of China for Ming Intelligent Systems Analyzing Sections of the Great Wall of China for Ming and Pre-Ming Dynasty Construction THESIS Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Jin Rong Yang Graduate Program in Civil Engineering The Ohio State University 2012 Master's Examination Committee: Dr. Fabian Tan, Advisor Dr. Frank Croft Dr. Shive Chaturvedi Copyright by Jin Rong Yang 2012 Abstract As society moves into the future, environmental concerns such as global warming increase due to human activity (U.S. EPA 2009:2). In construction, the use of cement in concrete contributes to this problem. Scientists and Engineers believe building green, yet durable, is the key to solving this problem. To achieve this goal, researchers must move backward in time to examine how our predecessors built their structures without modern technology, and then they can incorporate the techniques that were used to reduce waste. One of the most qualified structures to examine is the Great Wall of China. The technology they used was not only environmentally friendly, but the structure is also very durable. Some parts of the structure that were built over two thousand years ago still exist today. The research is focused on Ming and Pre Ming dynasty. The research centers on the similarities and differences between the two time periods in construction techniques. Since the Great Wall is very long in length, this research and the research methods mentioned below are limited to Beijing, Hebei and Gansu province. iii The author found out that the main construction method that was used was rammed earth. The rammed earth method is a technique of building walls by compressing the raw materials such as earth, gravel and lime into the shape of a wall. The construction materials that they used to construct the Great Wall were mainly fire kiln bricks and mud bricks. Fire kiln bricks are made through chemical change when the clay is fired up in the kilns until it is vitrified. Mud bricks, on the other hand, are made through a physical change by letting the bricks dry out in the sun. The main transportation of the material to construct the Great Wall was using a class 2 lever wheelbarrow, though the workers used animals as well. Since the Great Wall was built a long time ago, many historical records and documents were lost or destroyed. The methods listed above are not binary, meaning they are not completely true or false. The author would have to incorporate fuzzy logic to measure the statements, such as how “true” they are, using subjective values. The author also uses Artificial Intelligence and Multi-Media system in his research to assist the end user in the absence of a Great Wall expert. The research results are shown in the Multi-Media system. The research shows that the Great Wall from the Ming dynasty is far superior to the dynasties before it in terms of construction techniques. However; Pre-Ming Dynasty does incorporate more green construction iv techniques than the Ming Dynasty. Therefore, the author concludes that the structure is durable when it is from the Ming dynasty. The structure is greener when it is from the Pre-Ming dynasty. However, both Ming and Pre-Ming Dynasty’s construction methods are greener than modern practices. With these conclusions, the author recommends using both construction methods from the Ming and the Pre-Ming dynasties to build green yet durable structures for the future. v Dedication This document is dedicated to my Mother Whon Jing, my Father Gwon Fang and my friends. vi Acknowledgments I would like to thank Dr. Fabian Tan for mentoring and supporting me throughout my undergraduate and graduate studies. I would also like to thank him for helping and guiding me in the right direction for my thesis. Furthermore, I would like to thank the committee members Dr. Frank Croft and Dr. Shive Chaturvedi for their suggestions on my thesis as well. Lastly, I would like to thank Katharine Hibbard, Jamie Crowsley and Bart Ridgill for proofreading my thesis. Next, I would like to thank my friends who gave me positive encouragement and support throughout my college career. I would like to thank Bart, Jinhang and others who took CE 881 and CE 888 with me. They were there for mental support when we took those classes together and they still give me positive advice and support now that the classes have ended. I would like to thank my closest friends Jimme, Matt and vii others (you know who you are) for their continuing support outside the academia. Finally, I would like give the deepest thank you to my Mom, Whon Jing, and my Dad, Gwon Fang, for their love and support throughout my life. They kept me going by encouraging me to go farther with school and in life even though I feel like quitting during the hard times. Without them, I would not be here. Mom, this is for you and you will forever be in my heart. viii Vita June 2006 ................................................Eastmoor Academy High School March 2011 .............................................B.S. in Civil Engineering, Ohio State University 2012 to present ......................................Graduate Teaching Associate, Engineering Education Innovation Center, The Ohio State University Fields of Study Major Field: Civil Engineering Specialization: Construction ix Table of Contents Abstract ................................................................................................................... iii Dedication ............................................................................................................. vi Acknowledgments ...............................................................................................vii Vita ...........................................................................................................................ix Fields of Study .........................................................................................................ix Table of Contents .................................................................................................. x List of Tables .......................................................................................................... xv List of Figures ........................................................................................................ xvi CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 2 1.1 Introduction ................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Goal, Objectives and Tasks ........................................................................ 3 1.3 Scope of Study.............................................................................................. 6 1.4 Limitations ...................................................................................................... 7 CHAPTER 2 LITERATURE SEARCH ........................................................................... 8 x 2.1 Brief History of Who, When and Where ..................................................... 8 2.2 Why build the Great Wall and why did it never fulfill its purpose? ..... 12 CHAPTER 3 HOW DID THE ANCIENT CHINESE CONSTRUCT IT? ....................... 15 3.1 Legendary ‘How’........................................................................................ 15 3.2 Historical ‘How’ ........................................................................................... 16 3.2.1 Before the Ming Dynasty .................................................................... 16 3.2.2 Ming Dynasty ........................................................................................ 19 3.3 Factual ‘How’ ............................................................................................. 23 3.3.1 Before the Ming Dynasty .................................................................... 23 3.3.2 Ming Dynasty ........................................................................................ 29 3.4 Conclusion ................................................................................................... 37 CHAPTER 4: OVERVIEW OF THE COMPUTER PROGRAMS ............................... 40 4.1 Introduction ................................................................................................. 40 4.2 Program Usage and Limitation ................................................................ 40 4.3 End User’s Knowledge ............................................................................... 41 4.4 Conclusion ................................................................................................... 42 CHAPTER: 5 DECISION TREE ................................................................................. 43 5.1 Introduction to the Decision Tree............................................................. 43 xi 5.2 The Decision Tree for this Research ......................................................... 44 5.3 Conclusion to the Decision Tree .............................................................. 47 CHAPTER 6: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ............................................................... 48 6.1 Introduction to the Artificial Intelligence ................................................ 48 6.2 Knowledge–Based Expert System (KBES) ................................................ 49 6.2.1 Architecture of the KBES ..................................................................... 50 6.2.2 The Knowledge Base ..........................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Annual Report 2013
    （ Incorporated in the Cayman Islands with limited liability） Stock Code: 1370 ANNUAL REPORT 2013 CONTENTS Corporate Information 2 Highlights of Financial Results 4 Chairman’s Statement 6 Management Discussion and Analysis 10 Report of the Directors 25 Corporate Governance Report 33 Biographies of Directors and Senior Management 47 Independent Auditor’s Report 54 Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 56 Consolidated Balance Sheet 57 Balance Sheet 59 Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 60 Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 61 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 62 Financial Summary 106 Definitions 107 Corporate Information Hengshi Mining Investments Limited (the “Company”) was initially incorporated in the British Virgin Islands under the laws of the BVI on 14 January 2011 and redomiciled to the Cayman Islands on 23 May 2013. The Company was listed on the Main Board of The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Hong Kong Stock Exchange”) on 28 November 2013. As at 31 December 2013, the Company has issued 1,507,843,000 shares in total, of which 382,843,000 shares are traded on the Main Board in Hong Kong, accounting for 25.4% of the total number of shares. The Company and its subsidiaries (together the “Group”) are principally engaged in the exploration, mining, processing and trading of iron ore products and major products include iron ores, preliminary concentrates and iron ore concentrates. The Group owns and operates four mines in Hebei Province, which has the largest steel production and iron ore consumption volumes in China. As at 31 December 2013, the Group had approximately 395.8 Mt of indicated resources, approximately 322.4 Mt of probable reserves and approximately 223.7 Mt of inferred resources of iron ores in aggregate.
    [Show full text]
  • The Second Circular
    The 24th World Congress of Philosophy Title: The XXIV World Congress of Philosophy (WCP2018) Date: August 13 (Monday) - August 20 (Monday) 2018 Venue: Peking University, Beijing, P. R. China Official Language: English, French, German, Spanish, Russian, Chinese Congress Website: wcp2018.pku.edu.cn Program: Plenary Sessions, Symposia, Endowed Lectures, 99 Sections for Contributed Papers, Round Tables, Invited Sessions, Society Sessions, Student Sessions and Poster Sessions Organizers: International Federation of Philosophical Societies Peking University CONFUCIUS Host: Chinese Organizing Committee of WCP 2018 Important Dates Paper Submission Deadline February 1, 2018 Proposal Submission Deadline February 1, 2018 Early Registration October 1, 2017 On-line Registration Closing June 30, 2018 On-line Hotel Reservation Closing August 6, 2018 Tour Reservation Closing June 30, 2018 * Papers and proposals may be accepted after that date at the discretion of the organizing committee. LAO TZE The 24th World Congress of Philosophy MENCIUS CHUANG TZE CONTENTS 04 Invitation 10 Organization 17 Program at a Glance 18 Program of the Congress 28 Official Opening Ceremony 28 Social and Cultural Events 28 Call for Papers 30 Call for Proposals WANG BI HUI-NENG 31 Registration 32 Way of Payment 32 Transportation 33 Accommodation 34 Tours Proposals 39 General Information CHU HSI WANG YANG-MING 02 03 The 24th World Congress of Philosophy Invitation WELCOME FROM THE PRESIDENT OF FISP Chinese philosophy represents a long, continuous tradition that has absorbed many elements from other cultures, including India. China has been in contact with the scientific traditions of Europe at least since the time of the Jesuit Matteo Ricci (1552-1610), who resided at the Imperial court in Beijing.
    [Show full text]
  • GREAT WALL of CHINA Deconstructing
    GREAT WALL OF CHINA Deconstructing History: Great Wall of China It took millennia to build, but today the Great Wall of China stands out as one of the world's most famous landmarks. Perhaps the most recognizable symbol of China and its long and vivid history, the Great Wall of China actually consists of numerous walls and fortifications, many running parallel to each other. Originally conceived by Emperor Qin Shi Huang (c. 259-210 B.C.) in the third century B.C. as a means of preventing incursions from barbarian nomads into the Chinese Empire, the wall is one of the most extensive construction projects ever completed… Though the Great Wall never effectively prevented invaders from entering China, it came to function more as a psychological barrier between Chinese civilization and the world, and remains a powerful symbol of the country’s enduring strength. QIN DYNASTY CONSTRUCTION Though the beginning of the Great Wall of China can be traced to the third century B.C., many of the fortifications included in the wall date from hundreds of years earlier, when China was divided into a number of individual kingdoms during the so-called Warring States Period. Around 220 B.C., Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of a unified China, ordered that earlier fortifications between states be removed and a number of existing walls along the northern border be joined into a single system that would extend for more than 10,000 li (a li is about one-third of a mile) and protect China against attacks from the north.
    [Show full text]
  • Sundowners Overland
    Journey Itinerary The Frosty Flyer Days Eastbound Countries Distance Activity level 19 St. Petersburg to Beijing Russia + Mongolia + China 8,515 km An epic winter adventure that’s not for the fainthearted! Leave the North Pole to Santa and get yourself to Siberia for a winter adventure you’ll never forget. Enjoy adrenaline fuelled activities amid glistening landscapes. Warm up in a Russian sauna and try your hand at cooking dumplings in a cosy ger camp. And best of all, see the iconic sights sans tourists, like the Great Wall dusted in freshly fallen snow. Vodkatrain - The Frosty Flyer Page 1 of 7 Itinerary Day 1: St. Petersburg Arrive in St. Petes and meet your fellow adventurers. Perhaps begin with a wander along the frozen Neva river or canals – parents will be teaching their little ones to skate on the picturesque waterways that weave through the city. Descend into underground palaces on the metro and find yourself surrounded by marble pillars, ornate chandeliers and classical frescos. Stroll down Nevsky Prospect, and take in the magnificence of the Church of the Saviour on Spilled Blood. Visit the Hermitage Museum, in the suitably named Winter Palace, for a taste of Tsar life. Get immersed in the thriving culture as you discover an experimental art scene, cosy wine bars, great tea houses and a multicultural food offering, then party all night in live music venues and pulsating clubs. A local punk musician recently summed up the scene by saying “in a city of three revolutions, you’re bound to get a fourth”. Day 2: St.
    [Show full text]
  • Geography Around the Great Wall
    University of Northern Iowa UNI ScholarWorks Open Educational Resources Open Educational Resources 2012 Geography around the Great Wall Bob Gilbertson Miller Middle School Let us know how access to this document benefits ouy Copyright ©[2012?] Bob Gilbertson This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License. Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.uni.edu/oermaterials Part of the Geography Commons Recommended Citation Gilbertson, Bob, "Geography around the Great Wall" (2012). Open Educational Resources. 119. https://scholarworks.uni.edu/oermaterials/119 This Lesson Plans is brought to you for free and open access by the Open Educational Resources at UNI ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Open Educational Resources by an authorized administrator of UNI ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Geography Around the Great Wall Background on the MISIC project that produced this model lesson: This model lesson was developed as part of a collaboration between MISIC, the Library of Congress, Teaching with Primary Sources program at Illinois State University, and the Geographical Alliance of Iowa at UNI to provide model lessons for Geography and the CCSS Literacy Standards. The lessons are part of a unit taught by a secondary teacher from a MISIC member district. The learning activities and assessments were designed after reflection about the learning targets (standards), student development (whole child concepts), how students retain and retrieve learning, and common misunderstandings of the content in the lessons. The lessons model the two pillars of the Iowa Core literacy standards: standard 1dealing with evidence and standard 10 dealing with text complexity and varied text sources.
    [Show full text]
  • Evaluation of the Development of Rural Inclusive Finance: a Case Study of Baoding, Hebei Province
    2018 4th International Conference on Economics, Management and Humanities Science(ECOMHS 2018) Evaluation of the Development of Rural Inclusive Finance: A Case Study of Baoding, Hebei province Ziqi Yang1, Xiaoxiao Li1 Hebei Finance University, Baoding, Hebei Province, China Keywords: inclusive finance; evaluation; rural inclusive finance; IFI index method Abstract: "Inclusive Finance", means that everyone has financial needs to access high-quality financial services at the right price in a timely and convenient manner with dignity. This paper uses IFI index method to evaluate the development level of rural inclusive finance in various counties of Baoding, Hebei province in 2016, and finds that rural inclusive finance in each country has a low level of development, banks and other financial institutions have few branches and product types, the farmers in that area have conservative financial concepts and rural financial service facilities are not perfect. In response to these problems, it is proposed to increase the development of inclusive finance; encourage financial innovation; establish financial concepts and cultivate financial needs; improve broadband coverage and accelerate the popularization of information. 1. Introduction "Inclusive Finance", means that everyone with financial needs to access high-quality financial services at the right price in a timely and convenient manner with dignity. This paper uses IFI index method to evaluate the development level of rural Inclusive Finance in various counties of Baoding, Hebei province
    [Show full text]
  • Ming China As a Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, and Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 Weicong Duan Washington University in St
    Washington University in St. Louis Washington University Open Scholarship Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations Arts & Sciences Winter 12-15-2018 Ming China As A Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, And Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 Weicong Duan Washington University in St. Louis Follow this and additional works at: https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds Part of the Asian History Commons, and the Asian Studies Commons Recommended Citation Duan, Weicong, "Ming China As A Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, And Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620" (2018). Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 1719. https://openscholarship.wustl.edu/art_sci_etds/1719 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Arts & Sciences at Washington University Open Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Arts & Sciences Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Washington University Open Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. WASHINGTON UNIVERSITY IN ST. LOUIS DEPARTMENT OF HISTORY Dissertation Examination Committee: Steven B. Miles, Chair Christine Johnson Peter Kastor Zhao Ma Hayrettin Yücesoy Ming China as a Gunpowder Empire: Military Technology, Politics, and Fiscal Administration, 1350-1620 by Weicong Duan A dissertation presented to The Graduate School of of Washington University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy December 2018 St. Louis, Missouri © 2018,
    [Show full text]
  • Copyrighted Material
    INDEX Aodayixike Qingzhensi Baisha, 683–684 Abacus Museum (Linhai), (Ordaisnki Mosque; Baishui Tai (White Water 507 Kashgar), 334 Terraces), 692–693 Abakh Hoja Mosque (Xiang- Aolinpike Gongyuan (Olym- Baita (Chowan), 775 fei Mu; Kashgar), 333 pic Park; Beijing), 133–134 Bai Ta (White Dagoba) Abercrombie & Kent, 70 Apricot Altar (Xing Tan; Beijing, 134 Academic Travel Abroad, 67 Qufu), 380 Yangzhou, 414 Access America, 51 Aqua Spirit (Hong Kong), 601 Baiyang Gou (White Poplar Accommodations, 75–77 Arch Angel Antiques (Hong Gully), 325 best, 10–11 Kong), 596 Baiyun Guan (White Cloud Acrobatics Architecture, 27–29 Temple; Beijing), 132 Beijing, 144–145 Area and country codes, 806 Bama, 10, 632–638 Guilin, 622 The arts, 25–27 Bama Chang Shou Bo Wu Shanghai, 478 ATMs (automated teller Guan (Longevity Museum), Adventure and Wellness machines), 60, 74 634 Trips, 68 Bamboo Museum and Adventure Center, 70 Gardens (Anji), 491 AIDS, 63 ack Lakes, The (Shicha Hai; Bamboo Temple (Qiongzhu Air pollution, 31 B Beijing), 91 Si; Kunming), 658 Air travel, 51–54 accommodations, 106–108 Bangchui Dao (Dalian), 190 Aitiga’er Qingzhen Si (Idkah bars, 147 Banpo Bowuguan (Banpo Mosque; Kashgar), 333 restaurants, 117–120 Neolithic Village; Xi’an), Ali (Shiquan He), 331 walking tour, 137–140 279 Alien Travel Permit (ATP), 780 Ba Da Guan (Eight Passes; Baoding Shan (Dazu), 727, Altitude sickness, 63, 761 Qingdao), 389 728 Amchog (A’muquhu), 297 Bagua Ting (Pavilion of the Baofeng Hu (Baofeng Lake), American Express, emergency Eight Trigrams; Chengdu), 754 check
    [Show full text]
  • Classroom Education Using Animation and Virtual Reality of the Great Wall of China in Jinshanling
    Paper ID #18033 Classroom Education Using Animation and Virtual Reality of the Great Wall of China in Jinshanling Mr. Jin Rong Yang, Ohio State University Jin Yang is a Ph.D. candidate at The Ohio State University. He holds a B.S. and M.S. in Civil Engineering from The Ohio State University. He has also worked as a construction inspector for the City of Columbus. Jin is currently working toward a Ph.D. in Civil Engineering with a focus in virtual reality on ancient structures. Prof. Fabian Hadipriono Tan, Ohio State University Fabian Hadipriono Tan has worked in the areas of construction of infrastructures and buildings, failure assessment of buildings and bridges, construction accident investigations, forensic engineering, ancient buildings, ancient bridges, and the ancient history of science and engineering for over 40 years. The tools he uses include fault tree analysis, fuzzy logic, artificial intelligence, and virtual reality. Dr. Adrian Hadipriono Tan, Ohio State University Dr. Adrian H. Tan is a Ph.D. alumnus of the Ohio State University. Adrian has a B.S. in Computer Science and Engineering and an M.S. and Ph.D. in Civil Engineering from the Ohio State University. Adrian’s Ph.D. work was in civil engineering and construction with a focus on computer graphics and virtual simulation in the engineering industry. Dr. Michael Parke, Ohio State University Dr. Parke has over twenty years experience in satellite based earth science research. He has been teaching first year engineering for the past eighteen years, with emphasis on computer aided design, computer programming, and project design and documentation.
    [Show full text]
  • Proof of Investors' Binding Borrowing Constraint Appendix 2: System Of
    Appendix 1: Proof of Investors’ Binding Borrowing Constraint PROOF: Use the Kuhn-Tucker condition to check whether the collateral constraint is binding. We have h I RI I mt[mt pt ht + ht − bt ] = 0 If (11) is not binding, then mt = 0: We can write the investor’s FOC Equation (18) as: I I I I h I I I I i Ut;cI ct ;ht ;nt = bIEt (1 + it)Ut+1;cI ct+1;ht+1;nt+1 (42) At steady state, we have bI (1 + i) = 1 However from (6); we know bR (1 + i) = 1 at steady state. With parameter restrictions that bR > bI; therefore bI (1 + i) < 1; contradiction. Therefore we cannot have mt = 0: Therefore, mt > 0; and I h I RI thus we have bt = mt pt ht + ht : Q.E.D. Appendix 2: System of Steady-State Conditions This appendix lays out the system of equilibrium conditions in steady state. Y cR + prhR = + idR (43) N R R R r R R R UhR c ;h = pt UcR c ;h (44) R R R R R R UnR c ;h = −WUcR c ;h (45) 1 = bR(1 + i) (46) Y cI + phd hI + hRI + ibI = + I + prhRI (47) t N I I I h I I I h [1 − bI (1 − d)]UcI c ;h p = UhI c ;h + mmp (48) I I I h I I I r h [1 − bI (1 − d)]UcI c ;h p = UcI c ;h p + mmp (49) I I I [1 − bI (1 + i)]UcI c ;h = m (50) bI = mphhI (51) 26 ©International Monetary Fund.
    [Show full text]
  • (And Misreading) the Draft Constitution in China, 1954
    Textual Anxiety Reading (and Misreading) the Draft Constitution in China, 1954 ✣ Neil J. Diamant and Feng Xiaocai In 1927, Mao Zedong famously wrote that a revolution is “not the same as inviting people to dinner” and is instead “an act of violence whereby one class overthrows the authority of another.” From the establishment of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) in 1949 until Mao’s death in 1976, his revolutionary vision became woven into the fabric of everyday life, but few years were as violent as the early 1950s.1 Rushing to consolidate power after finally defeating the Nationalist Party (Kuomintang, or KMT) in a decades- long power struggle, the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) threatened the lives and livelihood of millions. During the Land Reform Campaign (1948– 1953), landowners, “local tyrants,” and wealthier villagers were targeted for repression. In the Campaign to Suppress Counterrevolutionaries in 1951, the CCP attacked former KMT activists, secret society and gang members, and various “enemy agents.”2 That same year, university faculty and secondary school teachers were forced into “thought reform” meetings, and businessmen were harshly investigated during the “Five Antis” Campaign in 1952.3 1. See Mao’s “Report of an Investigation into the Peasant Movement in Hunan,” in Stuart Schram, ed., The Political Thought of Mao Tse-tung (New York: Praeger, 1969), pp. 252–253. Although the Cultural Revolution (1966–1976) was extremely violent, the death toll, estimated at roughly 1.5 million, paled in comparison to that of the early 1950s. The nearest competitor is 1958–1959, during the Great Leap Forward.
    [Show full text]
  • Application of FWA-Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm in the Location of Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Distribution Center in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Area
    Hindawi Scientific Programming Volume 2021, Article ID 9945583, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/9945583 Research Article Application of FWA-Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm in the Location of Low-Carbon Cold Chain Logistics Distribution Center in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Metropolitan Area Liyi Zhang ,1 Mingyue Fu ,2 Teng Fei ,1 and Xuhua Pan 1 1School of Information Engineering, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China 2School of Economics, Tianjin University of Commerce, Tianjin 300134, China Correspondence should be addressed to Xuhua Pan; [email protected] Received 29 March 2021; Accepted 7 July 2021; Published 2 August 2021 Academic Editor: Xiaobo Qu Copyright © 2021 Liyi Zhang et al. +is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Green development is the hot spot of cold chain logistics today. +erefore, this paper converts carbon emission into carbon emission cost, comprehensively considers cargo damage, refrigeration, carbon emission, time window, and other factors, and establishes the optimization model of location of low-carbon cold chain logistics in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area. Aiming at the problems of the fish swarm algorithm, this paper makes full use of the fireworks algorithm and proposes an improved fish swarm algorithm on the basis of the fireworks algorithm. By introducing the explosion, Gaussian mutation, mapping and selection operations of the fireworks algorithm, the local search ability and diversity of artificial fish are enhanced. Finally, the modified algorithm is applied to optimize the model, and the results show that the location scheme of low-carbon cold chain logistics in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei metropolitan area with the lowest total cost can be obtained by using fireworks-artificial fish swarm algorithm.
    [Show full text]