Table of Contents CURRENTS Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies Spring 2013, Vol. 23

Looking at Security Through Different ‘Lenses’...... 24 Center News Afghanistan and Regional Security...... 26 Center News...... 4-5 APCSS-ACSC Joint Global Security Seminar...... 25 Hails & Farewells...... 6-7 Thailand Outreach Workshop Focuses on Security Visitors...... 8-9 Sector Development...... 26-27 Identity, Cyberspace and their Impact on Courses National Security...... 28 Maritime Security Challenges 2012...... 29 Faculty Publications...... 10 Rebalancing to the Asia-Pacific ...... 29 Course Calendar...... 11 More Workshop News...... 25 Foundations of Fellowship...... 12-13 Outreach Photos...... 30-31 Advanced Security Cooperation ...... 14 Transnational Security Cooperation...... 15 Asia-Pacific Orientation Course ...... 16 Alumni Connections Comprehensive Crisis Management...... 17 Alumni News...... 30-38 Alumni Associations...... 38 Workshops ‘Ungoverned Spaces’ Addressed in Mongolia by More APCSS Outreach Team...... 18-21 Virtual Communities...... 39 Mongolian Alumnus Releases New Book...... 21 Contacts...... 41 Building an Effective Security Sector Through Inclusion...... 22-23 SSD Workshop Held in Jakarta...... 23

Currents Magazine is an unofficial publication produced biannually by the Asia-Pacific Center for Security StudiesPub- lic Affairs Office. This publication is for APCSS employees, alumni, Fellows, future Fellows and friends of the Center. Itis available online at www.apcss.org. We use the Associated Press Style Guide when abbreviating ranks, regardless of in- dividual service style. Contents are not necessarily the official views of, or endorsed by, the U.S. Government or the U.S.De- partment of Defense. Questions or comments can be addressed by phone (808) 971-8916 or emailed to [email protected].

Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies 2058 Maluhia Road, Honolulu, HI 96815

2 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Director’s Message Guiding Principles APCSS’ guiding principles — transparency, non-attribution, and mutual re- spect — have served us very well and contributed to a well earned “APCSS brand.” For some time, I’ve observed how transparency and mutual respect are also reflected in how we conduct the business of operating this institution. As times change and we continue to refine our courses and workshops, I also believe it’s time to update our guiding principles. Non-attribution is essential to our educational environment but I see it not as a principle, it as is a rule. We simply do not attribute statements or opinions to either our Fellows or our guest speakers by name, organization, or country without their express permission. Adhering to our pledge of non-attribution enables participants in our activities to speak freely and openly. I’ve also con- sidered diversity as a strength that adds value to every human endeavor I’ve observed. With that in mind, we decided to modify the guiding principles by: • Adding inclusion • Considering non-attribution a rule instead of a principle • Codifying transparency, mutual respect and inclusion as guiding principles for all that we do. Let me explain how I view those concepts and their applicability to our work. Transparency. This is probably the most challenging of our three principles to define. While commonly used in today’s lexicon, the dictionary is not of much help. Having “properties like glass” is difficult to transpose to speech and interac- tion. But I think there is a common understanding that I would express as “stating one’s views openly and honestly.” In the auditorium, in the seminar room, in our meetings, and in one-on-one conversations, that’s exactly what we should do. Mutual respect. When we state our views honestly and openly, those views should be respected and we should respect the views of others even when we have differences. In academic settings, differences often originate because of differing regional or national perspectives. We are very successful at encouraging our fellows to discuss their differences and even if they don’t reach agreement, respect the views of others. We will not always reconcile divergent views, and at some point choices have to be made. But in the spirit of mutual respect, we can do so without acrimony, without having win- ners and losers. Inclusion. In academic and work pursuits, the APCSS Ohana should be naturally inclusive. In our courses, and in our workshops, we work hard to include Fellows and participants from across the security spectrum, from a diverse set of nations and organizations, with the right balance in all areas including gender. These are guiding principles that support the APCSS foundations of Fellowship. They are also good principles for us to lead our everyday business and personal lives.

Sincerely,

Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Dan Leaf Director, APCSS

www.apcss.org 3

Center News

From the left, APCSS Director, U.S. Air Force Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Dan Leaf, the late U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye, Com- mander of U.S. Pa- cific Command, Adm. Samuel Locklear, and Chief of Staff for the Under Secretary of Defense for Policy, Peter Verga, untie a Hawaiian maile lei dur- ing the opening cer- emony of Maluhia Hall. APCSS Honor Guard is Sgt. Jared Ch- ing (left) and Staff Sgt. Jason Lasley.

Designed for Education: The Asia-Pacific Center opens a new learning center in Ft. DeRussy The Asia-Pacific Center for Security brings more than 10,000 sq ft of ad- U.S. Senator Daniel Inouye; Admiral Studies celebrated the official opening ditional classroom space to support Samuel J. Locklear III, U.S. Pacific of Maluhia Hall, a new state-of-the- U.S. Department of Defense’s security Command; Mr. Peter F. Verga repre- art learning center in August 2012. cooperation and executive education senting the Office of the Secretary of The $11.4 million learning center programs. Defense for Policy; and, APCSS Di- According to APCSS Director, re- rector Lt. Gen. (Ret) Dan Leaf. tired U.S. Air Force Lt. Gen. Dan Senator Inouye, who is considered Leaf, “the building is designed for one of the founders of the Center, education. In addition to the extra reminisced about participating in a capacity for courses and workshops, similar ceremony to dedicate the main the building itself is engineered with Asia-Pacific Center for Security Stud- improved acoustics and Information ies building almost 12 years ago to this Technology connectivity to support the programs. It is also built to be sustain- able, which is very important to our community.” The ceremony was attended by about 300 guests including 73 members of the course in session. The Compre- hensive Crisis Management course include Fellows from 34 different countries throughout the region. APCSS’ Tech. Sgt. Lester Clayton opened The late Sen. Daniel K. Inouye spoke at the the ceremony with the singing of the National ceremony. Guest speakers at the ceremony were: anthem. 4 CURRENTS Spring 2013

Center News Center News

Kahu blesses the Center and Maluhia Hall. Director Leaf provides comments at the ceremony.

day. His speech then still resonates to- and landscape complement Hawaii’s aspect: energy (over a 30% reduc- day emphasizing the need for building unique environment and culture, and tion in energy budget, incorporating a a regional “Ohana,” with “Aloha” to serves as a model of technology and follow-on photo voltaic system), water achieve “Ho’o pono pono,” meaning sustainability. (high efficiency fixtures), maintenance reconciliation or to make things right. Since 1995, nearly 15,000 course (lower impact on the environment), alumni and workshop participants materials (renewable, sustainable, and from 104 countries have benefited recycled materials), and landscaping “In addition to the extra capacity for (xeriscaping, ethno-botanical garden courses and workshops, the build- with native and indigenous plants). ing itself is engineered with improved acoustics and Information Technology connectivity to support the programs. It is also built to be sustainable, which is very important to our community.” - Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Dan Leaf

The new Maluhia Hall bridges the past The new plenary room in Maluhia Hall. with the future: Its name “Maluhia,” which means a haven of rest and from this U.S. Department of Defense peace, is inspired by a World War II institute. The new wing will provide rest and recreation facility formerly additional classroom space to support at the same site. Its design features the professional development of future security cooperation professionals. Maluhia Hall is projected to attain a U.S. Green Building Council Leader- ship in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) ‘Gold’ rating. Sus- tainability has been successfully integrated throughout the building design phase and construction process. This integration and consciousness is Admiral and Mrs. Locklear admire the decor of reflected in practically every design U.S. Congresswoman Mazie Hirono was among Maluhia Hall. the attendees. www.apcss.org 5 Hails and Farewells

Personnel actions at APCSS since Oct. SECDEF Leon Panetta. lasch joined College Ops. 2012 include, Chief of Executive Op- The APCSS Library lost two valued Contractor James Morel, Jr. (IT) was erations Group Col. Yeong-Tae “Y.T.” team members to retirement: Tina welcomed into VI and Daniel Park Pak retired after a 30-year career in Grice and Dave Coleman. was hired into Info. Svcs.’Customer the Army at a ceremony in the APCSS Service. APCSS Registrar’s office auditorium. (See story next page) Jerome Sanjulan (34 years), Mike Daniels (13 years) and Gwendolyn just gained Sgt. Daniel Fogerty and Military Professor Lt. Col. Michael Jacks (31 years) also retired after Chief Yeoman Sonia McDermotte, Mollohan USMC, who began his long, distinguished careers in govern- both welcome additions to the APCSS career as a Navy enlisted submariner, ment service. team. graduated from the Naval Academy Other departing employees were Resource Management welcomed and played on their football team, also Joseph Torres and LS2 Kandi retired after 26 years of service. Diana Kammunkun (Admin Mgmt. Office), Karen Marie-Conforti (Hu- Latcham. Other departing APCSS military mem- man Resources) and Kevin Kruse Candace Wiant replaced Johanna bers were Navy Cmdr. Chris Van (Info. Svcs). Marizan-Ho as the Intern Coordina- Avery, an APOC course manager/mili- tor. APCSS also welcomed Visiting tary professor and Army Staff Sgt. The College gained two interns Air Force 1st Lt. Oyunchimeg Young and Scholars/Interns Asmaullah Junjeo, Jason Lasley, who was selected as the Brian Nelson, Nika Nashiro, Adri- Headquarters, U.S. Pacific Command Maj. Robert Koo. College Operations Officers gained were Army Lt. Col. enne Brantley, Valeria Villasenor- Enlisted Person of the Quarter on Jan. Bruyere, Yvette Median and Loan 12, 2011 while working at APCSS. Ian Francis, Navy Lt. Nick Matchek and Marine Corps Capt. Jennifer Le. Departing interns were Brendan Lasley was also selected to reenlist Jinnohara and Carlos Tijerina. aboard USS Arizona Memorial by Proudfoot. Lt. Cmdr. Dara Kol-

1. Col.. Yeong-Tae Pak 2. Mr. David Coleman 2 4 3. Lt. Col. Mike Mollohan 4. Tina Grice

1

6 3 7

5 8

9 5. Johanna Marizan-Ho 6. Mr. Mike Daniels 7. Mr. Jerome Sanjulan 8. Karen Maria-Conforti 9. Diana Kammunkun

6 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Hails & Farewells Army colonel celebrates career, family Colonel Yeong-Tae “Y.T.” Pak had tight-knit family, the Paks came to- much to celebrate Mar. 4, 2013. gether to support Jason during his re- In a ceremony held at the Asia-Pacific covery at Walter Reed Army Medical Center for Security Studies, Col. Pak Center. During the recovery Jason set and his family celebrated the conclu- a milestone: that he would stand at his sion of his 30-year career in the U.S. father’s retirement ceremony. Army. It is one that took them around During the ceremony, with this son the world with assignments in Germa- and daughter both standing at atten- ny, Korea, Japan, Malaysia, Washing- tion, Col. Pak closed out his career. ton, D.C., and finally, Hawaii where “I must never forget to thank all the 1st Lt. Jason Pak, Col. (Ret.) Y.T. Pak, USAF he served as the head of the APCSS soldiers, non-commissioned officers Executive Operations Group. ROTC Cadet Sarah Pak and Young-Ae Pak celebrate YT’s retirement from 30 years of ac- and fellow officers, who helped me tive duty. throughout my career,” said Pak. “I also need to thank Lt. Gen. Leaf and The honored speaker was U.S. Army Brig. Gen. Hirai. They are truly the Training and Doctrine Command right leaders at the right time as we Deputy Commander, Lt. Gen. David (APCSS) move to the next level to Halverson, who served with Pak sev- ‘Change the World.’ eral times throughout their careers. He spoke of the importance of family “It was 30 years ago when I stood on and their family ties which was an the plains at West Point to take my unofficial theme for the ceremony. oath as a proud officer in the United While retirement ceremonies are very States Army. It has been a tremendous special events, this one was especially journey that has not only developed notable. me as a person but provided me a wealth of experience and numerous Participating were his wife Young-Ae, friends around the world that will last his daughter Air Force ROTC cadet a lifetime,” said Pak. (and former APCSS intern) Sarah Pak and his son Army 1st Lt. Jason Pak. The story of 1st Lt. Pak and his father was also covered by local ABC news Two months ago 1st Lt. Jason Pak affiliate KITV. It can be viewed online was critically injured by an IED while at: http://www.kitv.com/Solider-who- serving in Afghanistan. He lost both lost-his-legs-stands-for-his-father- legs and several fingers but despite s-retirement/-/8906042/19181318/-/ it all he kept his positive attitude. A Col. Pak watches his son Jason item/0/-/17vywr/-/index.html. being interviewed by a local TV news station.

The APCSS Auditorium was filled to capacity with standing room only for the ceremony. www.apcss.org 7 Visitors

(Left) Commander, U. S. Pacific Fleet Adm. Cecil B. Haney addresses the fellows of ASC 12-1 at APCSS October 2012.

(Right) APCSS alumnus Amb. Steven McGann, Vice Chancellor, College of Int’l Security Affairs, NDU visited APCSS July 2012.

(Left) Ms. Michele J. Sison,U.S. Ambassador to Sri Lanka and Mal- dives visited August 2012.

(Right) National Defense University Capstone 13-1 Fellows visit APCSS October 2012.

(Left) Then Hawaii Lt. Gov. Brian Schatz visits ASC 12-2, October 2012. He has since been approved to the U.S. Senate.

(Right) Deputy Assistant SECDEF Robert Scher visited the Center July 2012 for a roundtable discussion with staff and faculty.

(Left) General Kwon Oh Sung, Deputy Commander, ROK-U.S. Combined Forces Command visited May 2012.

(Right) U.S. Ambassador to the Fed- erated States of Micronesia Doria Rosen visited APCSS September 2012.

8 CURRENTS Spring 2013 (Left) Dr. John J. Hamre, President & CEO of Center for Strategic In- ternational Studies visited APCSS September 2012.

(Right) Ambassador Marc Wall Foreign Policy Advisor USPACOM J005 visited July 2012.

(Left) Atul Keshap, U.S. Senior Official for Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) visited January 2013.

(Right) U.S. Ambassador to Bangladesh Dan Mozena, visited APCSS for a roundtable discus- sion October 2012.

(Left) Adm. William McRaven, U.S. Special Operations Command vis- ited January 2013 for an overview of APCSS programs.

(Right) Medal of Honor recipients Gary Littrell and Allen Lynch speak to APCSS enlisted during their visit October 2012.

(Left) Mr. Hoang Binh Quan, Chief of the Communist Party Central Committee’s Commission for External Relations, Viet- nam visited December 2012.

(Right) Gen. Herbert Carlisle (USAF), Commander, Pacific Air Forces, visited October 2012 for an APCSS briefing and roundtable.

www.apcss.org 9 Faculty Publications

APCSS jointly produces new publication

“From APEC 2011 TO APEC 2012: American and Russian Perspectives on Asia-Pa- cific Security and Cooperation” was published on the eve of the APEC 2012 summit in Vladivostok, Russia. The volume, edited by Dr. Rouben Azizian (APCSS) and Dr. Artyom Lukin (FEFU), was jointly produced by Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS) and the Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU) of Vladivostok, Russia. The team of book authors includes twelve APCSS faculty members and eight Russian experts repre- senting FEFU and the Russian Academy of Sciences. Seven of the Russian authors are APCSS alumni. The volume examines three broad and intertwined themes of significant importance for the Asia-Pacific region. Firstly, the book discusses the complex mosaic of current and emerging regional security issues and relates them to the activities of the Asia- Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum and other regional organizations. Sec- ondly, the volume contributors offer their diverse perspectives on the evolving roles of influential regional actors, such as China, Japan, Russia, and the United States. Thirdly, the book examines the gaps and opportunities in U.S.-Russia relations in the context of their increased appreciation of the Asia-Pacific region. The book is thematically divided into two parts. Part One reviews regional security trends and emerging issues. Part Two discusses major actors, evolving principles, and regional architecture. The book is available online in its entirety and by chapter at: http://www.apcss.org/college/publications/from-apec-2011- to-apec-2012/

The Interface of Science, Technology & Security

“The Interface of Science, Technology & Security” edited by Dr. Virginia Watson, Ph.D., is the latest publication produced by the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies. The book includes updated papers from the October 2010 workshop which identified and assessed the most significant current and emerging scientific and technological developments, evaluated their impact on international security, and recommended priority science and technology (S&T) and security policy agenda items based on Asia-Pacific perspectives. The book is available online in its entirety and by chapter at: http://www.apcss.org/college/publications/the-interface-of-science-technology- security/

10 CURRENTS Spring 2013 APCSS FY14 Calendar * Note: Dates are subject to change. Please visit our website for the most current information.

Course # Start Date End Date Advanced Security Cooperation (ASC) 13-02 10-Oct-13...... 15-Nov-13

Transnational Security Cooperation (TSC) 13-02 09-Dec-13...... 13-Dec-13

Senior Executive Asia-Pacific Orientation Course (SEAPOC) 14-01 15-Jan-14...... 17-Jan-14

Asia-Pacific Orientation Course (APOC) 14-01 27-Jan-14...... 31-Jan-14

Comprehensive Security Responses to Terrorism (CSRT) 14-01 20-Feb-14...... 21-Mar-14

Advanced Security Cooperation (ASC) 14-01 10-Apr-14...... 16-May-14

Comprehensive Crisis Management (CCM) 14-01 29-May-14...... 03-Jul-14

Transnational Security Cooperation (TSC) 14-01 16-Jun-14...... 20-Jun-14

Asia-Pacific Orientation Course (APOC) 14-02 21-Jul-14...... 25-Jul-14 14-03 08-Sep-14...... 12-Sep-14

Advanced Security Cooperation (ASC) 14-02 25-Sep-14...... 31-Oct-14

www.apcss.org 11 Foundations of Fellowship

(clockwise from top left) CCM 12-1 Fellows “high five” each other after winning their volleyball game at the Bellow’s Team building event. CSRT 13-1 Fellows serve traditional foods from their respective country’s at Taste of Asia Pacific. An ASC 12-2 Fellow “heads” a pass to his team mate during a socccer game. 12 CURRENTS Spring 2013 (clockwise from top left) CSRT 13-1 Fellows go for a “dig” during their volleyball match at Bellows AFB. ASC 12-1 Fellows from Indo- nesia show their traditional dolls to children at Taste of Asia Pacific. ASC 12-2 Fellows bond at the Hickam Par 3 Golf Course. CCM 12-1 Fellows on their way to an outing on the APCSS bus. CCM 12-1 Fellows pose for a group photo at the Team building event at Bellows AFB.

www.apcss.org 13 Courses Advanced Security Cooperation 12-2 Ninety three military and civilian government leaders from 34 countries, territo- ries, and one international organization graduated October 31 from the Asia- Pacific Center for Security Studies “Executive Course: Advanced Security Coop- eration.” Attending the regional secu- rity course were representa- tives from: Afghanistan, Australia, Bangladesh, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, Ninety three military and civilian government leaders from 34 countries, territories and one interna- China, Colombia, Timor- tional organization graduate from the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies Advanced Security Leste, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Cooperation Course Oct. 31, 2012. Japan, Laos, Malaysia, career leaders and decision Maldives, Marshall Islands, makers within the region. Mauritius, Micronesia, Its curriculum emphasizes Mongolia, Nepal, Pakistan, the non-war fighting aspects Palau, Peru, Philippines, of security and international Republic of Korea, Sri relations, and challenges Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand, Fellows to develop regional Tonga, United States, Vanu- and transnational perspec- atu, Vietnam and the As- tives. Security is examined sociation of Southeast Asian as a comprehensive mix Nations. of political, economic, so- The four-week Executive cial, military, diplomatic, Course focus is on building information and ecological relationships among mid- dimensions. Undersecretary Maria Gettie Sandoval, Office of the PresidentialAdviser on the Peace Process for the Republic of the Philippines, (right) presents the course banner with APCSS Director Lt. Gen Dan Leaf USAF (Ret.) (left) during the graduation ceremony for the Advanced Security Coop- eration Course 12-2 Oct. 31, 2012.

Lively debate is common in ASC.

ASC at-a-glance (Since 1999) • 42 Classes ASC 12-2 Fellows work as a team to solve a problem during one • 2,909 Fellows of their exercises. from 61 Countries/ ASC Fellows discussing an issue in the Auditorium. Territories 14 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Transnational Security Cooperation Course 12-2

TSC 12-2 Fellows pose for their official group photo on the ACPSS Lanai. TSC Fellows get acquainted during a boat tour of Pearl Harbor. Twenty-five senior ex- New Zealand, Pakistan, ecutives from 24 locations Philippines, Russia, Samoa, completed the Transnational Singapore, Republic of Security Cooperation (TSC) Korea, Sri Lanka, Thailand, course December 7 at the the United States and Viet- Asia-Pacific Center for Se- nam. curity Studies in Honolulu. The course is an intensive They included military program for current and and civilian leaders from future senior regional in- Afghanistan, Australia, fluencers/leaders; military officers at the one-to-four- star levels, as well as their civilian equivalents from the Asia-Pacific region. The curriculum empha-

sizes the impact of current TSC Fellows brainstorming during a break-out session. and future change in the region, as influenced by regional and global security challenges and opportuni- TSC at-a-glance ties. The course includes Since 1999 guest speakers, interactive • 28 Classes seminar workshop scenarios • 614 Fellows from addressing complicated 40 Countries/ transnational threats and Territories A TSC Fellow speaks to the group discussions with senior U.S. • 4 int’l organiza- during plenary. Pacific Command officials, tions all intended to share per- Bangladesh, Cambodia, spectives and further inden- Canada, China, Hong Kong, tify cooperative approaches Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, to transnational security is- Maldives, Mongolia, Nepal, sues of common concern. TSC Fellows get acquainted on the APCSS Lanai. www.apcss.org 15 Courses 148 Fellows in APOC 13-1 sets APCSS record

With 148 Fellows attending the APOC 13-1, it was the largest class in the history of APCSS.

In February, 148 American and U.S. Strategic Com- orientation of the region’s APOC at-a-glance and international Fellows mand, this class also includ- diverse cultures, histories, Since 2007 completed the popular one- ed non-U.S. participants. economies, and politics week Asia-Pacific Orienta- Twenty-one international that shape the formation • 17 Classes tion Course to become the Fellows also attended the of national identities and • 1,486 Fellows largest class in APCSS his- course. behaviors which, in turn, from 16 Countries/ tory. Although the majority The course covers trends shape regional dynamics. Territories of Fellows were from U.S. and over-the-horizon chal- The curriculum broadly Pacific Command and other lenges shaping the regional examines: the U.S. rebal- on-island major component security environment. The ance to the Asia-Pacific, of lectures, seminars and commands as well as the course focuses on the U.S. sub-regional security dy- electives best equips gradu- U.S. Coast Guard, USAID, rebalance and provides an namics; transnational se- ating course Fellows with curity issues; rule of law; policy perspectives and maritime security; and the tools important for duties at regional security architec- U.S. Pacific Command and ture. This rigorous program its components.

Several APCSS employees attended this course to gain a Fellow’s perspective. Kevin Cain (IT) (bottom left) and Bob Goodwin (PAO) (bottom right) listen to Dr. Lori Forman’s lecture on Economics. Cherrielyn Kamahele (REOD), Candace Wiant (Intern coordinator) and Chief Yeoman Sonia McDermott (Registrar) also attended the course. APOC 13-1 Fellows listening to a lecture in the Auditorium. 16 CURRENTS Spring 2013 73 graduate from Comprehensive Crisis Management course Seventy-three military and civilian government leaders from 32 locations, graduated September 18 from the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Stud- ies “Comprehensive Crisis manage- ment Course 12-1.” Attending the regional security course were representatives from: Austra- lia, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Fiji, Guatemala, India, Indone- sia, Kiribati, Lebanon, Malaysia, Mal- dives, Mauritius, Micronesia, Mongo- lia, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Papua New Guinea, Philippines, Samoa, South APCSS leadership, faculty and Fellows pose for a group photo in front of the Center. Korea, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Tonga, Turkey, Tuvalu, United States and Vietnam. The four-week CCM course is intend- Finley, a seminar leader, pointed out ed to deepen attendees’ abilities to un- that although the class was composed derstand and deal with the multi-facet- of a widely diverse group of mid-level ed, interdependent nature of both natu- officers and officials, that through the ral and man-made crises. The course course they had learned how to work focuses on actions to prevent routine together. He added, “By sharing op- difficulties from collapsing into cri- erational experiences, they left here sis, responding to crises in ways that much better equipped to handle future reduce the near-term impact, and set- assignments.” ting the stage for mid-term return to a sustainable development path. In addition to this conceptual framework, the CCM course also addresses coali- tion building and operations, inter- agency coordination, stability trends Deputy Chief of Alumni Division Lt. Col. Greg Pleinis greets a CCM Fellow the first analysis and preventive activities, as day. well as international interventions, post-emergency reconstruction, transition shaping and strategic communications. APCSS Dean Lauren Moriarty and the senior CCM 12-1 Fellow attach the class pennant to Associate Professor Herman the APCSS flag.

CCM At-A-Glance (Since 1996) - 10 Classes - 545 Fellows Though encouraged to have lively debate, mutual - 56 Countries respect, one of the “guiding principles” of APCSS, is always adhered to by Fellows.

www.apcss.org 17 Workshops

‘Ungoverned Spaces’ addressed in Mongolia by APCSS outreach team

A four-day workshop in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia enti- tled “Northeast and Central Asia Transnational Security Challenges: Ungoverned Spaces – Physical and Virtual” concluded Sept. 9, 2012 with synthesized group presentations intend- ed to share best practices and open the way for future discussions on security is- sues. The Comprehensive Secu- rity Responses to Terrorism (CSRT) “mini-course” for continued engagement, education and connec- tions was co-hosted by the Mongolian APCSS Alumni Association in partnership Workshop participants were taken to the Chinggis Khaan Statue Complex for a cultural outing. with the Mongolian Insti- tute for Strategic Studies and George C. Marshall Eu- also enabled discussion and to move forward to the fu- similar conditions,” said a ropean Center for Security collaboration on regional ture together.” workshop participant from Studies (GCMC). and collective approaches Another participant agreed Kyrgyzstan. “These recom- to diminish, mitigate and mendations are realistic and Drawing from APCSS’ in- on the effectiveness of the defeat these security chal- effective because our coun- resident CSRT course mate- format of the event. lenges. Finally, participants tries are facing the same rial and additional adjunct were empowered with col- “I think this workshop is the problems with contempo- presentations, the course laborative tools to continue most effective event I’ve rary threats like terrorism, identified commonalities in developing and nurturing ever had in my life because religious extremism, drug security challenges among networks through alumni we actually worked on the participants through a engagement activities. broadened understanding of each nation’s and sub- “The most valuable thing region’s issues related to about this workshop was to the theme of “ungoverned be able to talk openly about spaces.” some very sensitive issues, namely the historically In addition, the curriculum significant and sensitive is- enhanced knowledge on sues between China, Korea the probabilities, vulner- and Japan,” explained a abilities and impacts of the workshop participant from physical and virtual security Japan. “Now, we are stand- environment. The course ing on the same starting line with the same perspectives A workshop participant delivers a presentation during plenary. 18 CURRENTS Spring 2013 “APCSS has given me a completely unexpected avenue of sharing best practices outside of the U.S. govern- ment,” revealed Robert Kosky, Jr., Supervisory Special Agent, Federal Bureau of Investigation. “Other for- eign governments have been able to

Participants in a breakout session. trafficking, human trafficking, and so Workshop participants were separated on. This workshop gave all the partici- into three breakout groups for more pants the unique value of a common focused discussions. understanding of the threats, and gave express not only best practices, but us a chance to find new solutions. “ certainly their security concerns. I’ve Additionally, these threats have been able to take those ideas back to crossed into the virtual spaces of our the FBI and brief those threats that societies and economies to create new other countries have seen, that maybe challenges in addressing the advanc- we haven’t seen. ing vulnerability to exploitation by “It’s been a big win for us in that re- criminally-motivated terrorists, as gard,” Kosky continued. “It’s opened well as the ideologically-motivated. that window of opportunity to share The expansion of global interdepen- back and forth beneficially. I’ve had dence continues to challenge states in the opportunity more than once this governing the ‘spaces’ that fall within week to sit down with government their responsibility in both physical officials who are working directly Workshop participant FBI Supervisory on some of the issues that we talked and virtual dimensions. Special Agent Robert Kosky, Jr. provided a presentation on Cyber Security. about. They’ve been able to ask my opinion directly. I’ve been able to ask them ‘what are your biggest concerns and ‘how is your government address- ing this?’ To get it directly from those officials has been a profound, unique experience.”

continued next page.

Breakout rooms were each given a Hawai- ian name. This room was called “Kilauea.”

Russian participant Dr. Alexander Sukharenko presented on the topic of New Challenges and Threats. www.apcss.org 19 “It was a special event for us, not only the entire APCSS Alumni here in Mongolia,” explained Col. Munkh- Ochir Dorjudger, Vice President, Mongolian APCSS Alumni Asso- ciation. “This year, we celebrate the centennial of our independence. This is something that is dear to the heart of every Mongolian. I would say we were able to look at the transnational security issues not from a narrow sub- regional perspective, rather from a bi-sub regional or bi-regional perspec- tive. It’s in line with our foreign and very much in line with our regional policy. We are really lucky this time to bring expertise, knowledge and shar- ing of common concerns from both sub-regions here in Ulaanbaatar.” “Mongolia has been terrific,” conclud- ed APCSS Deputy Director Brig. Gen. APCSS Info. Svcs. technician Kevin Cain assists participants during APCSSLink portal training. (Ret.) James Hirai. “Since the APCSS continued from previous page. timeframe collectively develop in- was established in 1995, we’ve had novative and realistic ways to move the pleasure and honor of having Participants included alumni from forward on addressing necessary poli- nearly 150 Mongolian officials, from the United States, Mongolia, Japan, cies to reduce the effects of transna- both the military and the civilian side Republic of Korea, Peoples Republic tional security issues across both do- of government, participate in our pro- of China including Hong Kong SAR, mains discussed, physical and virtual. grams. These alumni have risen to lev- Russian Federation, Kazakhstan, Kyr- This was a step in the larger process els of significance in the Mongolian gyzstan and Tajikistan. We received and approach to regionally working government, to include the president regional perspectives from Shanghai together on common security inter- of the country. We wanted to reinforce Cooperation Organization, South Asia ests and will continue beyond this the good things Mongolians have been Association for Regional Cooperation workshop.” doing individually, and collectively.” and a subject matter expert on South- east Asian cooperation. “This event was unprecedented in the participation of Counterterrorism Fellowship Program (CTFP) alumni and other participants from across a wide representation of perspectives and experience that contributed to an enriched, candid and respectful dis- cussion and debate on very real and critical challenges for all our nations,” stated Lt. Col. Michael S. Mollohan Sr., military professor and academic lead from APCSS. “The quality of the workshop was a direct reflection of those that took valuable time to come together in this unique framework and in a very short

Mongolian Col. Munkh-Ochir Dorjudger and Lt. Col. Mike Mollohan led the workshop. 20 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Participants enthusiastically discuss workshop topics in the break area between ses- Dr. Hong Sun Kim, CEO of AhnLab, Inc., sions. Like all workshops, many of the most enduring conversations occur during was a guest speaker on the final day. breaks.

Mongolian alumnus releases new book

During the Mongolia Workshop in which the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies (APCSS) was a co-host, it was discovered that an APCSS alumnus recently completed a book. A graduate of APCSS’ Executive Course 2008-2, Lt. Col. Gonchigdorj “Nyam” Nyamdorj released a new book entitled “Back to Baghdad.” A lieutenant colonel in the Mongolian Army and the Editor-in-Chief of the Mongolian Armed Forces Newspaper “Soyombo,” Nyamdorj wrote his book in his spare time after work and on the weekends over the span of more than a year. Nyamdorj attended the Outreach workshop to cover it for his newspaper and was interviewing APCSS Lt. Col. Gonchigdorj Nyamdorj presents his book “Back to Deputy Directer Brig. Gen. (Ret.) James T. Hirai when he mentioned Baghdad” as a gift to APCSS Deputy Director Brig. Gen. the book and presented copies to APCSS as a gift. (Ret.) James T. Hirai. Before interviewing Hirai, Nyamdorj explained his motivation for writ- ing the book. Nyamdorj said that when he attended courses and traveled, he was often asked “where is Mongolia?” More impor- tantly, Nyamdorj said he’s also met many people who didn’t know Mongolia had troops serving in Iraq and Afghani- stan, and that compelled him write the book. “The Mongolian people are very proud of the Mongolian troop’s duty in Iraq,” explained Nyamdorj. According to APCSS Alumni Chief John Gasner, it’s no surprise to see another APCSS alumnus publish a book. “We don’t track exact numbers in terms of how many of our alumni are published, but I know there are at least ten who have written books,” said Gasner, “many of which were supported by their APCSS knowledge and experience. “The Mongolians consistently send fellows of the highest caliber to our courses; some of these alumni have made significant contributions to their countries national security policy and strategy. Nyan is one of over 150 Mongolians who have attended APCSS courses and he continues to remain connected with APCSS and his classmates.”

www.apcss.org 21 Workshops Building an Effective Security Sector through inclusion

A workshop on “Building an Effec- tive Security Sector through Inclu- sion” was held March 12-14, 2013 in Nha Trang, Vietnam. Hosted by the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Stud- ies (APCSS), in partnership with the Diplomatic Academy of Vietnam’s Institute of Foreign Policy and Strate- gic Studies, the multilateral workshop focused on key considerations and op- portunities to build effective security sectors in the Asia-Pacific through the inclusion of diverse viewpoints and perspectives. The 39 participants from nine countries in the region discussed this topic from national, sub-regional, and region-wide perspectives. Participants were director-level representa- “Expanding the role and impact of tives from different backgrounds including defense, foreign affairs, law enforcement, women in security is not a women’s economic, social, and resource-related ministries. They came from Bangladesh, Fiji, issue, but an essential part of achiev- Indonesia, Nepal, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Tonga, the United States, and Vietnam. ing the goals of good governance and effective leadership,” stated Dr. Lori Forman, workshop academic lead. “security sector?” In which of these and (b) inclusive enough to assure “Both men and women must contrib- security fields is the impact of wom- adequate representation of relevant ute to these goals: success is found en’s perspectives being felt, and where viewpoints so that supported groups through mutual deliberation of the does work remain to be done? What and communities have a sense of rep- issues and joint development of the actions should be taken – nationally resentation and ownership in security recommendations.” and regionally – to expand inclusion matters. of diverse perspectives, build effective The workshop provided an opportu- Those countries with inclusive nation- security sectors, and enhance good al security institutions already in place nity to understand and articulate the governance throughout the region? case for increasing inclusion as a vital validated the utility of such an ap- element of effective security sectors The 39 participants from nine coun- proach; those with security sector de- by asking the questions: In an increas- tries in the region discussed this velopment processes underway noted ingly globalized and complex world, topic from national, sub-regional, and the opportunity to build inclusion into what is the relevant definition of the region-wide perspectives. Participants their upcoming strategies. were director-level representatives Policy level commitment, legal frame- from different backgrounds including works and regional/bilateral/multi- defense, foreign affairs, law enforce- lateral cooperation frameworks on ment, economic, social, and resource- women which reinforce inclusiveness related ministries. They came from already exist; however, substantial Bangladesh, Fiji, Indonesia, Nepal, gaps persist in implementation. Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, Tonga, the United States, and Vietnam. Top level leadership and political will is vital to success. Advocacy by men Some of the workshop findings in- at all levels is a vital factor in further- cluded: ing gender inclusion. Rear Adm. Raquel Bono, Command Sur- An effective security sector must be There is no need to reinvent the wheel; geon for U.S. Pacific Command, delivers a (a) comprehensive enough to recog- presentation to the plenary. existing security sector development nize, plan for, respond and adapt to programs can be used as the entry a wide range of security challenges, 22 CURRENTS Spring 2013 point to enhancing inclusion. SSD Workshop held in Jakarta

Indonesian MoD Secretary General Air Marshall Eris Herryanto (left) and U.S. Ambassador Scot Marciel open the workshop.

Dr. Herlina JR Saragih gives a presentation to the plenary. The Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies together with the Indonesian Ministry of Defense and the Indonesian Defense Opportunities readily exist to enhance such efforts. University co-hosted a Security Sector Development Workshop Culture, tradition and structural barriers are common in- in Jakarta, Indonesia Sept. 11-12 with the theme of “Building Consensus on Priorities in National Security Sector Develop- hibitors to inclusion. Education is recognized as a primary ment in Indonesia.” enabler of inclusion. Legal measures – both temporary and U.S. Ambassador Scot Marciel was in attendance as Indonesian permanent — are often required to influence the necessary MoD Secretary General Air Marshall Eris Herryanto opened cultural transformation. the workshop. In his remarks, the Secretary General explained that the workshop will not only enhance the understanding on Actions need not focus on bringing women into the secu- national security, especially on the comprehensive management rity sector, but on recognizing they are already there. As a system in the context of a democratic country, but also function corollary, quality – the merit and competencies of positions to increase the readiness to overcome threats Indonesia is cur- and of personnel – is more important than quantity. rently facing. According to workshop academic lead, Dr. Bill Wieninger, According to APCSS Director and workshop lead, Lt. Gen. “This workshop was a continuation of the APCSS Security (Ret.) Dan Leaf, “The success of this workshop reinforces Sector Development (SSD) program which aims to strengthen the APCSS commitment to the DoD role in the National the security sectors of the U.S. and our friends and partners in the region. The workshop brought together approximately 40 Action Plan on ‘Women, Peace and Security.’ WPS has high-level security practitioners from a ‘whole of society’ per- enabled the Center to address this key issue of inclusion, spective, including several agencies which don’t often get the to expand the participa- opportunity to collaborate, for two days of discussions to en- tion a broader segment hance coordination and cooperation in addressing Indonesia’s security challenges.” of the security commu- nity, and to increase our Workshop participants came from government bodies such as the Ministry of Defense, the Indonesian National Police, the understanding through Indonesian Military Headquarters, Parliament, the National engagement with profes- Resilience Council, the Indonesian Defense University, and sionals like the partici- the Foreign Ministry, as well non-governmental groups such as pants in this effort. I am Lesperssi, Propatria, and the University of Indonesia. confident that the discus- Senior speakers from various agencies in Indonesia addressed the participants in plenary sessions, and then the participants sion and conclusions split up into groups to answer difficult questions designed to from Nha Trang will promote interagency dialogue and consensus on priority actions generate positive action for Indonesia to take in enhancing its security sector. in U.S. and other secu- “This workshop was a very worthwhile endeavor for APCSS, rity communities.” said APCSS Director Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Dan Leaf. “The Indone- sian Defense Ministry and Indonesian Defense University were excellent partners who demonstrated an outstanding whole-of- society approach through a breadth of participation far beyond Plenary session in progress. what we had in previous workshops. This ensured that a great deal was accomplished in a relatively short time.” www.apcss.org 23 Workshops Looking at security through different ‘lenses’

“Understanding, Shaping & Adapting to the Asia-Pacific Regional Security Architecture” workshop participants pose for their group photo in front of APCSS. The Asia-Pacific Center for Security According to APCSS Academic lead, added Azizian. Studies (APCSS) co-hosted a four- Dr. Rouben Azizian, the seminar in- This multinational event included day seminar with the New Zealand troduced the Fellows to the concept participation by 52 military and civil- Defence Force Command and Staff of viewing security through different ian representatives, primarily at 04-06 College (NZDF CSC) entitled “Un- lenses or Regional Security Archi- levels, as well as warrant officers. derstanding, Shaping & Adapting to tecture. Through this conceptual While the majority of participants the Asia-Pacific Regional Security view, Fellows discussed how regional were from New Zealand, other partici- security is influenced by the role of pants included officers from Australia, institutions in the Asia-Pacific; the China, Indonesia, Malaysia, Papua role of major actors and their relation- New Guinea, Philippines, Republic of ships, and the development of rules Korea, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Thai- and norms. land, and the United States. According to one participant, “this In addition, a special half-day NZ/U.S. week has provided us different lenses Warrant Officer and Senior Enlisted through which to view these (trans- Leader forum was held with several national) issues and, in doing so, on-island Senior Enlisted Leaders. provides a broader and more in-depth A New Zealand workshop participant dis- understanding of these from alternate This is the second time in two years cusses a topic in plenary. standpoints.” that the New Zealand Defence Forces’ Command and Staff College collabo- Architecture.” “Using this method helps us to see se- rated on a special seminar with APC- curity more broadly and the dynamics SS. According to Azizian, “coming The four-day seminar, held Nov. involved,” said Azizian. “It empha- 5-8, 2012, in Honolulu, was part of to Hawaii is more than just a trip to sizes opportunities instead of simply the U.S. for these Fellows. It’s part of the NZDF CSC’s regional overview focusing on challenges and issues.” program. The seminar was developed a general, regional orientation. Here, to help participants understand and “The seminar also emphasized Secu- they get the U.S. experience, a chance apply the concept of regional security rity Sector Development which until to visit U.S. Pacific Command, and architecture to analyze the complex recently was focused on developing gain a broader security perspective by sub-regional security dynamics in the nations. It is now being widely rec- coming to the Asia-Pacific Center. It Asia-Pacific and address key trans- ognized and appreciated by countries is also a valuable opportunity for the national security issues in the Asia- such as Australia and New Zealand U.S. and New Zealand to strengthen Pacific Region. who are also trying to adjust their security cooperation.” national security sector programs,”

24 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Workshops APCSS-ACSC Joint More WORKSHOP News Global Security Seminar “Rebalance Implications for The State Partnership Program” Ten students from Australia’s Command and Staff College (ACSC) attended “APCSS-ACSC Joint Seminar” on “Un- Apr. 23-25, 2013 in Honolulu derstanding, Shaping, and Adapting to the Asia-Pacific Re- The three-day Senior Leaders Workshop 2013, “Partnering gional Security Architecture.” This five-day seminar was in the Rebalance,” provided an opportunity to review and held on October 9-12, 2012 in Honolulu. facilitate the USPACOM State Partnership Program in light The students were part of the Global Security Issues elec- of the rebalance to the Asia-Pacific with the goal of enhanc- tive within the ACSC’s curriculum. The goals of the joint ing security cooperation efforts with seven key regional seminar were to analyze the complex traditional and non- partners. Workshop participants included USPACOM and traditional regional security dynamics in the Asia-Pacific; National Guard senior leaders and other SPP stakeholders to gain a better understanding of the emerging regional from Washington, Alaska, Oregon, Guam, Idaho, and Ha- security architecture and its effectiveness in addressing waii. Participants were briefed on recent developments im- complex security issues; and to assess the role of Australia pacting theater processes and operations and were afforded security sector in adapting to and shaping the regional secu- opportunities to build valuable relationships while sharing, rity architecture. collaborating and learning from the experiences of fellow security cooperation practitioners. APCSS subject matter experts provided presentations for the students’ foundational knowledge and for a common “U.S-South Asia Leader Engagement: Charting frame of reference. APCSS-ACSC joint faculty teams the Water Future of South Asia” facilitated small group discussions to assess how the com- Apr. 28 - May 3, 2013 at Cambridge, Mass. plex web of security dynamics shapes the development of APCSS partnered with Harvard Kennedy School and the regional security architecture. One of the students com- Near East South Asia Center (NESA) on a workshop to mented “[t]his is the best course I have undertaken to out- identify and assess the most important and most probable line the different [security] architecture [in the Asia-Pacific] developments that will shape the ‘water futures’ of South and how these have been used in the past, where they sit Asia. This multilateral, five-day workshop, was the third now and what the options are for the future.” Seminar dis- iteration of a successful pilot program first run in May 2011 cussions and debates culminated in an assessment of the and focused on a more comprehensive, common and deeper current security landscape in the Asia-Pacific region and understanding of regional and sub-regional perspectives of recommendations for how Australia should optimize its se- responsible officials and subject matter experts concerning curity sector to effectively operate in the rapidly changing the identified current and emerging set of security environment. ACSC students seemed to have en- water security issues. joyed the learning environment at APCSS. One of students wrote “I would love to be educated in this environment for “Maritime Cooperation in the Indo-Pacific Region: longer! Your commitment to delivering an effective adult China, India, and U.S. Perspectives” learning environment is something that many other institu- May 21-23, 2013 in Honolulu tions could learn from.” The purpose of the workshop was to promote cooperation among key Asia-Pacific players by building a shared under- standing of opportunities and risks in the maritime Indo- Pacific. This trilateral workshop focused on the three key issues: geopolitical challenges, transnational security con- cerns, and multilateral institution-building and cooperation. The complex nature of maritime security challenges and interlocking economic interests require the development of common approaches and an overarching multilateral secu- rity framework for the maritime domain.

Check www.apcss.org for updated stories on these workshops.

www.apcss.org 25 Workshops

Thailand outreach workshop focuses on security sector development

An Asia-Pacific Center for Secu- rity Studies (APCSS) outreach team conducted a workshop entitled “In- teragency Collaboration to Counter Violent Extremism” in Hua Hin, Thai- land July 9-13, 2012. The purpose of the workshop was to assist the Thai government in access- ing and further developing its’ security sector in countering violent extrem- ism (CVE). A key objective of the workshop was to enable participants to develop specific recommendations for increased efficiency and effectiveness of the Thai Interagency or “whole-of- government” process. Additionally, The workshop included participation by 40 Thai representatives from the Royal Thai the workshop was intended to help ad- Armed Forces, law enforcement agencies, and other ministries that comprise the Thai security sector. vance the important and long standing U.S. treaty relationship with Thailand. oped this workshop to focus on the comes of the workshop was to develop A senior Thai military official in col- Thai security sector as it relates to an agreed-upon summary of findings laboration with the Joint United States CVE. The workshop included partici- and next steps to assist interagency Military Advisory Group Thailand pation of 40 Thai representatives from officials improve and enhance a Thai (JUSMAGTHAI) and APCSS, devel- the Royal Thai Armed Forces, law whole-of-government approach to enforcement agencies, and other min- CVE. istries that comprise the Thai security Another goal was to develop a defined, sector. functional interagency process, to “Bringing participants from govern- include roles and responsibilities for ment interagency is one of the key all Thai ministries, law enforcement objectives,” said Thai Army Col. agencies, military entities and nongov- Terdsak Dumkhum, director of intel- ernmental actors involved in CVE. ligence division, Royal Thai Army Headquarters. “Working alone in a security atmo- sphere is impossible. So, by bringing us together and also to have a connec- tion and relationship with APCSS, colleagues, and friends is very helpful for the future cooperation and collaboration. Not only for the economic purpose, but also for intelligence and Participants enjoy breakfast at the hotel restau- security.” rant before heading off to the workshop. Participants were excited to talk to their colleagues from One of the intended out- various agencies for the first time. 26 CURRENTS Spring 2013 cantly. ally with talking over various very se- “Participating in the rious issues and got a lot of candid re- three days of activities sponses – not necessarily candor about in this workshop, were U.S.-Thai relations, but candor about very, very beneficial what doesn’t work or didn’t work the to my current job and last time around in their own govern- position,” Col. Terdsak ment processes” said U.S. Army Col. continued. “First of all, (Ret.) John M. Cole, Jr., an observer at I’ve been able to learn the workshop with more than 40 years new things, especially experience in the region. the knowledge provided by the instructors A workshop participant discusses interagency of APCSS. The cooperation during the plenary. small group discussions were very beneficial because we can The workshop provided a forum for hear a lot of knowledge and ex- Thai sharing of security sector per- perience from the participants spectives and critical thinking on a that come from the various agen- variety of issues associated with CVE. cies in Thailand. This is very Participants seemed encouraged in worthwhile in terms of helping having the opportunity to discuss and to dealing with violent extrem- review the Thai interagency process ism that are now very important, for CVE. not only to Thailand, but to the A strength of the APCSS outreach team is it evaluates and refines workshop effectiveness Participants also noted the value of region and a global perspective.” having such a wide variety of agencies at the end of each day. While the participants felt that the involved in the discussions, indicating process and policy for countering vio- that it was a “first ever” opportunity “We’re talking professional discus- lent extremism is coherent across most to gain a broader perspective on the sion and disagreement among people agencies, they consistently acknowl- overall interagency process. In post who are representing different Thai edged a need to improve that system, workshop surveys, many participants agencies. They were here because they particularly in practice. indicated that their understanding of were interested in the processes they Thailand’s interagency process as “I was frankly pleasantly surprised were learning about, the context and related to CVE had improved signifi- when we dealt fairly and profession- the outcome of the workshop.”

APCSS Military Professor Col. Michael Lwin delivers a pre- sentation during plenary.

APCSS Director Leaf and Thai Gen. (Ret.) Kasemsak Plooksawat are entertained by the answers given while testing the polling equipment at the Alumni Dinner in Bangkok. www.apcss.org 27 Workshops

Identity, cyberspace and their impact on national security

‘Cyberia: Identity, Cyber- among states, leaders, and space and National Security’ organizations to create a was a two-day workshop greater understanding and held Aug. 21-22, 2012 in political will and unity on Singapore. It was hosted by identity issues; APCSS and the Defense • Identify and engage the Security Cooperation Agen- silent majority; emphasiz- cy’s Combating Terrorism ing identity issues through Fellowship Program as part education, training and the of its Alumni Continuing media; Engagement plan. • Craft a progressive The workshop focused on counter-narrative to the the issue of identity and Women are heavily involved in this aspect of national security. Nearly narratives put out by the ag- security in Southeast Asia. 30% of the workshop participants were women. grieved. Participants examined na- tional, ethnic and cultural According to one par- volved in this aspect of ticipant, “For me, the most self-representations in the United States. cyber domain, the increas- national security. Nearly long-lasting value of this Participants engaged in ing impact on the social, 30 percent of the workshop workshop is the significance active learning sessions political, economic devel- participants were women. of the topic discussed and where, through carefully opment and security in the The thirty-seven par- the realization that major focused and facilitated dis- region. ticipants included mid- to conflicts are really identity- cussions, they made the fol- senior-level military and based. And the social media “This workshop helped lowing recommendations.: can be pivotal tool to cause enhance thinking and build civilian government offi- • Strengthen areas of col- or mitigate the conflict. common perspectives relat- cials from a cross-section of laborative research by set- The content (subject matter ed to the discourse on iden- agencies in five Southeast ting up national institutes to expert’s presentations) was tity as a security issue,” said Asian nations (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, study identity and violence; very substantial and infor- workshop lead Prof. Shyam mative. Furthermore, the Singapore, and Thailand) • Build collaborative link- Tekwani. “It also examined method used was effective, and subject matter experts ages with other such insti- ways to strengthen and inte- particularly the management from Australia, India, Iraq, tutes in the region, share grate whole of government of time vis-à-vis the sched- United Kingdom, Malaysia, intelligence, strengthen approaches to mitigate the ules.” conflicts resulting from eth- Pakistan, Singapore, and the region-wide cooperation nic, religious or other iden- More than 40 tity constructions inimical international security to the security of the state. practitioners gather for a group photo In time, this will succeed in during the ‘Cyberia: fostering greater connectiv- Identity, Cyberspace and National Secu- ity among the community rity’ workshop. of inter- and intra-state ac- tors and elevate the level of intraregional coordination against identity-based ex- tremism.” Women are heavily in-

28 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Maritime Security Challenges 2012 Maritime Security Challenges (MSC) Operations, Colombia, alongside ap- Ghosh - India; Colin Smith - New 2012, the fifth iteration in the success- proximately 20 two- and three-star re- Zealand) to demonstrate the role of ful MSC conference series, took place tired and serving naval operators from APCSS’ Communities of Interest as a in Victoria, BC, Canada from Oct. 1 Canada, the United States, the United continuous resource for connecting se- - 3, 2012. MSC 2012 was presented by Kingdom, Singapore, South Korea, curity practitioners across the region. Royal Roads University in cooperation Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and with Maritime Forces Pacific of the Malaysia. Royal Canadian Navy and the Asia- Conference topics included: the role Pacific Center for Security Studies. of aircraft carriers in global security; APCSS professors Dr. Justin Nan- decision-making in crisis situations; kivell and Ms. Jessica Ear led panel the illegal movement of people and discussions. illicit cargoes at sea; navies in the cur- The purpose of the workshop was rent age of austerity; security issues in to bring together maritime security the Gulf of Guinea; maritime applica- practitioners, academics, and security tions of unmanned and autonomous operators from around the world to vehicles; and shipbuilding and future discuss contemporary maritime chal- naval requirements. lenges. Senior attendees included the APCSS supported the workshop by First Sea Lord and Chief of Naval contributing two subject matter ex- Staff, Royal Navy (UK); Commander perts as moderators and providing two Royal Canadian Navy; Chief of Naval APCSS alumni as SMEs (Dr. Probal Rebalancing to the Asia-Pacific Regional interest in the U.S. strate- Shanghai Cooperation Organization, gic rebalance served as the impetus and Pacific Islands Forum. (China and to create a venue to examine the India participants were not govern- context, intent and implications of ment officials). the rebalance effort to the Asia- This workshop provided the oppor- Pacific region. Workshop attendees tunity to discuss the “what” and the included select participants from “why” of the rebalance from the per- governments in the region gener- spectives of defense, economics and ally at the flag officer and deputy diplomacy. As other countries also re- assistant secretary level or higher; balance to and within Asia, the work- subject matter experts from aca- shop also explored how their actions demia, media, and private sector; affect the U.S. effort. and designated U.S. defense and diplomatic officials. Participants considered second-order actions and cooperative efforts and A total of 32 participants (7 U.S., how associated plans should be devel- 25 non-U.S.) from Australia, oped. Finally, the workshop enabled Bangladesh, China, India, Indo- discussion on the effectiveness and nesia, Japan, Republic of Korea, visibility of U.S. diplomatic and eco- Malaysia, New Zealand, Pakistan, nomic efforts and whether the rebal- Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, ance is perceived as more than simply and Vietnam attended. Regional defense-oriented changes. organizations included ASEAN, www.apcss.org 29 Off the Beaten Trail in the Asia-Pacific

(clockwise from top) Girls play in a small village in Laos. Young monks in training pause curiously for a photo. Water buffalo are still used to plow the fields. A small boy pounds a fruit to extract dyes used in paint. An offering being made to passing monks in 30 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Laos. (clockwise from top) A Buddhist monk walks the beach for offerings in Hua Hin. Chinggis Khaan statue in Sukhbaatar Square, Ulaan- baatar. Lightening strikes on the horizon in downtown Bangkok. A father and child look for a ride along the roadway in Ulaanbaatar. www.apcss.org 31 Alumni

Promotions Mr. Md. Shamimuzzman Bangladesh (Bangladesh), Mizanur Rahman Sha- ASC12-2, and his meem, CSRT06-3, was wife recently cel- promoted to colonel and ebrating the birth appointed Commanding Of- of their first child, a baby boy named ficer. Rafiuzzaman. ATM Rezaul Hasan, CSRT06-3, was promoted to commander. Abu Belal Muhamad Shafiul Huq, TSC12-2, was promoted to lieutenant general and assigned as the promoted as Provincial Ad- Korea Bruno Rakotoarison, Principal Staff Officer in the ministrator. Chang, Kyeong-Seok, EC02-2, was promoted to Armed Forces Division of brigadier general. the Prime Minister’s Office. India EC06-2, was promoted to major general. Amarbayasgalan Sham- Surgeon Commander Lieutenant General Dalbir Singh, EC05-2, was pro- baljamts, ASC12-2, was Muhammad Moinuddin, promoted to colonel. EC06-2, was promoted to moted as General Officer Laos brigadier general and as- Commanding in Chief of Maldives Indian Army. Vilatsone Visonnavong, signed as Director Medical CSRT12-1, was promoted Ahmed Shiyam, EC99-1 Service. Dr. Ashok Behuria, as Deputy Director of the and TSC12-1, was promot- Jalal Khan, ASC12-2, was SSTR06-1, was promoted as United Nations for Political ed to major general. promoted to brigadier gen- Head of South Asia Center and Security Affairs Divi- Ahmed Saudee, CCM11-1, eral. at the Institute for Defence sion. was promoted to assistant Studies and Analyses. Canada Madagascar commissioner of police. Kuldip Singh Sheoran, David Finch, ASC11-1, Dominique Rakotozafy, Abdulla Phairoosch, ASC11-2, was promoted to CCM11-1, was promoted to was promoted to com- Inspector General. EC99-2, was promoted to mander. major general. assistant commissioner of Indonesia police. Chile NFN Rakotomalala, EC03- Muhammad Zamroni, Augusto Scarella, ASC09- 2, was promoted to major ASC09-1, was promoted to general. Mongolia 2, was promoted as general colonel. secretary. Jean Adolphe, CSRT08- Jambaa Badambazar, Vice Admiral M. M. Mar- Comoros 1, was promoted to major EC08-1 and CSRT05-1, setio, SEC07-1, was pro- general. was promoted to brigadier Youssouf Idjihadi, EC04-3 moted to Chief of Navy. general. and CSRT05-2, was pro- Samitiana Rabeharin- Afrizal Hendra, ASC11-1, dranto, EC99-1, was pro- Chuluun Battulga, EC98-2 moted to colonel and nomi- was promoted to colonel. nated as Defence Chief of moted to brigadier general. was promoted to colonel. Staff. Jordan Colonel Ralaialomady, Ganbayar Jargalsaikhan, Fiji Mohammad Salameh Alj- EC05-1, was promoted to CSRT08-2 was promoted to boor, CSRT11-1, was pro- brigadier general. major. Jay Suka, ASC11-2, was moted to brigadier general.

32 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Alumni Promotions

Mozambique Colonel Felix Castro, Luong Van Manh, ASC10- Bhutan Ricardo Macuvele, EC06-2, was promoted as 1, was promoted to lieuten- Karma Thinlay, ASC09-2, CSRT12-1, was promoted to Chief of Staff at the Defense ant colonel. is serving as Minister Coun- colonel. Academy. sellor to the embassy in Delhi, India. Position Nepal Sri Lanka Eak Narayan Aryal, P.D.K.T. Jayasinghe, Changes China CCM10-1, was promoted as CSRT06-2, was promoted to Mr. Zheng Xuefang, Joint Secretary air commodore. Afghanistan EC02-3, is Counsellor for Jeevan Kumar Thapa, the People’s Republic of Noorullah Ahmadzai, China to ASEAN. ASC11-1, was promoted to Thailand Assistant Inspector General TSC11-1, is serving Police. Peerapong Doungamporn, with the United Nations CSRT05-1, was promoted to Development Program. Comoros Gopal Mishra, ASC09-2, police major general. Ambassador Ahmed Ab- was promoted as Senior Su- Abdul Qadir Alimkhail, dallah, EC05-2, has been perintendent of Police. Ms. Sansanee Sahus- sarungsi, EC01-1, was CCM11-1, is posted posted as Ambassador, Dep- Binod Singh, CSRT09-1, promoted and appointed as Charge d’ Affairs of uty Permanent Representa- was promoted to Additional Deputy Director. the Afghan embassy in tive to the United Nations in Inspector General of Police. New York. Ms. Pensom Lertsithichai, Brazil. Dinkar Shumsher Rana, ASC11-1, was promoted to Australia Colonel Salim Ibrahim, EC08-1, was promoted to Counselor. EC05-3, was appointed Ingrid Laslett, CCM11-1, Additional Inspector Gen- Deputy Chief of Defence Kanobsri Gesorn, ASC09- is working with the United eral of Police. Staff. 2, was promoted to senior Nations’ Department of Po- Pushker Nath Regmi, colonel. litical Affairs. EC05-3, was promoted to Ethiopia Additional Inspector Gen- Timor-Leste Bangladesh Colonel Sanjaya Singh eral of Police. Ms. Abida Islam, EC07-2, Salustiana de Bhandari, CSRT11-1, was was appointed Deputy High Vasconcelos, ASC11-1, appointed Deputy Chief of Commissioner. Papua New Guinea was promoted to captain. Joint Border Verification Mr. Kamrul Ahsan, EC00- and Mechanism. Mark Goina, ASC11-2, 3, is serving as the High was promoted to colonel. UNITED STATES Commissioner of Bangla- Kisokau Powaseu, ASC10- desh to Canada. Fiji Martin Pangelinan, 2, was promoted to lieuten- Pariniappa Goundar, APOC11-1, was promoted Tarikul Islam, ASC09-2, ant colonel. ASC11-2, was appointed to colonel. is the Political Counselor at the Bangladesh Embassy, Director Cooperate Support Services. Philippines Russell Holske, EC06- Tripoli. 2, was promoted to Ambassador Esala Teleni, Lina Sarmiento, EC05-3, Joint Secretary Md. Chief of Pharmaceutical SEC06-1, has been appoint- was promoted to Police Di- Sirajul Haider, ASC10-2, Investigations. ed concurrent, non-resident rector. enrolled in the National ambassador to North Korea. Jeffrey Delgado, EC01-1, Vietnam Defence College of Akuila Bulivono, ASC10- was promoted to major gen- Bangladesh. Vu Tien Trong, TSC11-1, 1, is the Correction Advi- eral. was promoted to major gen- eral. continued on next page www.apcss.org 33 Position Changes sor to the State Director of Indonesia 3, is working as a Senior Colonel Myagmardorj Prison in Yambio. Anggiat Napitupulu, Research Subject Matter Tsend, ASC12-2, was ap- Kameli Vakalevulevu, CCM10-1, is Head of Of- Expert at the Naval Post- pointed Chief of Adminis- ASC10-1, will serve again fice to a district immigration graduate School. tration and Foreign Rela- with the Fiji Corrections office. Mongolia tions Department, General Service. Authority for Border Pro- Air Commodore Hasan Ms. Batchimeg Miged- tection. Auta Moceisuva, ASC09-2, Londang, TSC11-2, is the dorj, EC01-1 and SSD10-2, is the Regional Supervi- Head of the Aeronautical was elected as a Member of Major Chuluunbat sor at the Western Bhar El Division. Parliament, representing the Sharkhuu, ASC12-1, was appointed as Senior Officer Gazal and in South Sudan. Air Commodore Hari Democratic Party of Mon- golia. for Service Readiness, Gen- Haksono, EC06-2, is Head eral Authority for Border France of the Air Force Central Ms. Enkhgerel Enkhtu- Protection. Hospital. vshin, ASC10-2, is serving Vice Admiral Jean-Louis Colonel Sunoto Rakimin, as a parliamentary aide. Vichot, TSC09-2, was ap- Nepal pointed Director, French EC07-1, was appointed the Enkhbold Zandakhuu, Navy High Studies Center. Indonesian Defense Attaché SSD10-2, was selected as Lieutenant Colonel to Laos. Chairman of Parliament. Pradeep Jung KC, Brigadier General Alain Colonel Asep Iwan Sur- Erdenebalsuren Damdin, CSRT08-3, is working as Le Roux, TSC10-1, was the Head of Protocol for the appointed Director, Military tiwa, ASC09-2, has been EC05-3, was selected as appointed as Commandant Justice, Supreme Court. United Nations Stabilization Health Service. Mission in Haiti. for Logisti Cabinet of the Mashbat Otgonbayar, President of the Transi- EC00-1 and SSD10-2, is Colonel Sanjaya Singh Hong Kong tion. Vice Director of the Insti- Bhandari, CSRT11-1, is Steve Carruthers, TSC12- tute for Strategic Studies. Deputy Chief of Joint Bor- 2, is Deputy Regional Com- Lieutenant Colonel Rika der Verifications Monitoring Chan Kan, EC08-2, is Galsan Jamts Sereeter, Mechanism in the United mander of the New Territo- EC98-1, SSTR07-1 and ries South Region. supporting the United Nations Interim Security Nations Mission CivPol. HDAC08-1, is working as Force in Abyei, South Su- Director, Mongolian Re- dan. Colonel Marcellin Henri source Corporation. India Lieutenant General Michel, CSRT08-1, was Mr. Tsegeedel Turman- Gaurav Shumsher Rana, Vishnu Prakash, EC96-1, appointed Commandant of dakh, ASC09-1, is working EC99-1, was appointed was appointed Ambassador the 7th Military Region in of India to South Korea. at the National Emergency Chief of the Nepal Army. Antsiranana. Management Agency. Commodore (Ret.) Uttpal Kosh Onta, CSRT07-1, was Malaysia Vora, EC07-2, is serving Colonel Boldbat Khas- appointed Chief of Nepal’s bazar, EC01-1, is Defense as President of SKIL Group Brigadier General Jaafar Armed Police Force. Advance Systems Pvt. Ltd,. Attaché of the Embassy of Kasim, EC01-2, was Mongolia in Washington Brigadier General Ramin- Sanjiv Arora, EC05-1, was appointed Malaysia Defence D. C. dra Chhetri, CSRT06-1, appointed Ambassador to Attaché in Washington D.C. was posted as Director, Qatar. Colonel Altankhuu Ba- Research and Development darch, EC06-3, was ap- Directorate. Colonel Arun Rastogi, Micronesia pointed Deputy Head of the ASC10-1, was posted to the Mr. Herman Semes, EC01- General Authority for Bor- United Nations Field Hospi- der Protection. tal in Goma.

34 CURRENTS Spring 2013 mander of the 9th Infantry The Thai APCSS Alumni Association co-hosted a Division. one-day seminar on 29 Colonel Jo- March in Bangkok regard- selito Kak- ing the U.S. Rebalance in ilala, EC08-2, the Asia-Pacific and its po- is the 903rd tential impact on Southeast Brigade Com- Asia and Thailand. mander. Lieutenant General Em- manuel Bau- tista, SSD10- 2, was ap- pointed Chief of the Armed Forces. Colonel Ci- EC05-2, was selected to Resources division at Police rilito Sobejana, ASC10-2, New Zealand serve as Chairperson, De- Headquarters. was posted as Chief of Staff, Group Captain John partment of Defense and United Nations Disengage- Strategic Studies, Quaid- Cummings, EC04-3, has Philippines ment Observer Forces. been appointed New Zea- iAzam University, Islam- Professor Rommel Ban- land Defence attaché to nine abad. Commodore Eduardo laoi, EC99-3 and CSRT09- Middle East countries. Mr. Hamayou Khan, Gongona, EC05-1, was ap- pointed District Commander 2, was appointed Editor and Pakistan EC08-2, received a 3-month Vice President for Journal Fellowship in Germany to of Coast Guard in Southern Javed Akhtar, ASC09-2, Luzon. Operations of Homeland study Regional Security Voice. joined Allama Iqbal Open post 2014 in Afghanistan Lolita Capco, EC08-2, was University, Islamabad as and South Asia. assigned to the Philippine Lieutenant Colonel Ed- Advisor Information Ser- Embassy in Brussels as First gard A. Arevalo, C12-01, vices. Secretary and Consul. was selected as the new Palau Commander of the Civil Air Commodore Tanweer Colonel Cirilito Sobejana, Nazim Siddiqui, EC02-3, Elias Chin, SEC05-3, was Military Operations Group, ASC10-2, is the Group Philippine Navy. was deputed as Senior Di- elected to the Palau Nation- Commander of the Civil- recting Staff to establish a al Congress as Senator. Military Operations Group. National Defence College in Singapore Harare, Zimbabwe. Major Abdurasad Sirajan, Papua New Guinea SSTR06-1, was appointed Major General Ng, Brigadier General Zaheer Mr. Gary Juffa, EC 07-2 the Action Officer for West- Chee Meng, SEC07-1, Babur, SSTR07-1, is serv- ern Mindanao. ing as Director of Projects and TSC 10-1, former Cus- was selected as the next for the development of in- toms Commissioner, was Captain Aurelio Rabusa, Chief of Defence Force. frastructures at the Pakistan elected to Oro Provincial ASC11-1, was posted as Headquarters. Parliament seat. Deputy Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command. Mr. Rasheed Khalid, Francis Tokura, CCM12- 1, is heading the Human Colonel Felix Castro, continued on next page EC06-2, is Deputy Com- www.apcss.org 35 Position Changes

Solomon Islands APCSS alumni in Viet- Ms. Fiona Indu, nam recently had a chance to get together. Lt. Gen. ASC11-1, is Leaf and an APCSS team undertaking were in Hanoi following a Fellowship the completion of a work- with the United shop held in Nha Trang. Nations Division APCSS has 107 alumni of Law of the Sea from Vietnam. and Ocean Affairs in New York.

South Af- rica

Mfanelo Bongco, CSRT11-1, is the Air Vice Marshal Kolitha to Paraguay. Timor-Leste new Defence Advisor to Gunatilleke, EC04-2, is Phothong Arunrung, Francisco da Costa Kenya. the Chief of Staff of the Sri EC01-3, will serve in the Guterres, SEC08-2, was Lanka Air Force. Colonel Bill de Royal Thai Embassy in reappointed by the Prime Pinho, CCM10-1, was Air Marshal Harsh Abey- Brussels. Minister to Secretary of appointed the new Officer wickrama, EC03-3, is Senior Colonel Nattawut State-Security. Commanding of the Joint the Commander of the Air Sabyeroop, EC02-3, is Air Reconnaissance Force. serving as the Military Ukraine Intelligence Centre. Adviser to the Permanent Colonel Andrii Bilenkyi, Taiwan Mission of Thailand to the United Nations. TSC11-1, has been appoint- Mr. Mingchun (Bruce) ed Chief of Foreign Coop- Sri Lanka Captain Pinyo Tolieng, Chen, ASC11-1, was ap- eration Section in Ministry Air Vice Marshal (Ret.) CSRT08-2, is serving as the pointed Deputy Director of Defence. Tilak Dissanyake, EC08-1, General of the Taipei Eco- Naval Attaché at the Royal Colonel Andrii Bilenkyi, was appointed Supply Chain nomic and Cultural Office Thai Embassy in Yangon, TSC11-1, completed his Manager for Silvermill in Boston. Myanmar. tour as Defence Attaché in Holdings. Vasin Ruangprateepsaeng, Captain Hsiu-Chieh Beijing and has been ap- Vice Admiral Jayanath EC02-3, was appointed (Alex) Sung, ASC10-1 and pointed Chief of Foreign Colombage, EC06-3, has Minister, Royal Thai Em- APOC11-1, is serving as Cooperation Section in been selected as Chief of Sri bassy, Canberra, Australia. Director (Chief of Staff) of Ministry of Defence. Lanka Navy. Vice Defense Minister’s of- Sansanee Sahussarungsi, Savitri Panabokke, EC06- fice. EC01-1, is working as Di- 2, is serving as Minister rector of International Eco- UNITED STATES Counsellor at the Embassy nomic Policy Division at the Lieutenant Colonel Pat- Thailand and Permanent mission of Department of International rick Simon, APOC07-3, Sri Lanka in Vienna, Aus- Medha Promthep, EC98-2, Economic Affairs. was reassigned as the Com- tria. was appointed Ambassador manding Officer, Marine

36 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Corps Detachment, Defense JUSMAG Philippines. Commodore Language Institute. Retirments S. C. Kabra, Major Dawood Luqman, Peter Dyksterhouse, EC08-2, APOC08-2, is the Chief, retired from APOC08-1, has been reas- Office of Defense Coopera- Canada signed to USS Whidbey the Air Force tion at the U.S. Embassy, Rear Admiral and is now Island. Nigel Green- Kathmandu, Nepal. teaching Terry Daru, EC01-1, is wood, EC00- Lieutenant Colonel Hugh 3, recently at the National Institute performing temporary duty Curtright, EC08-2, is of Medical Sciences as at the Narcotics Affairs Sec- retired from working for Southern Com- the Navy. Professor in Community tion of the U.S. embassy in mand in Intelligence Plans. Medicine. Bangkok. Mr. Joseph Yun, EC04-3, Lebanon Lieutenant Colonel Ryan Chile is Acting Assistant Secre- Khaled Cecil, CCM08-3, was se- tary for East Asian and Pa- Captain lected as Commander, 514th El Alieh, cific Affairs, U.S. Depart- Francisco Fi- ASC09-1, was Operations Support Squad- ment of State. erro, EC05-1, ron. promoted to Major Brian Middleton, retired from General. He Lieutenant Colonel John CCM08-2, is a Battalion the Navy and subsequently Lloyd, ASC11-2, was se- Operations Officer in Twen- is working as retired from the military. lected as Commander, 19th ty-nine Palms, California. the Security Manager for Engineer Battalion. Monticello, Casino. Malaysia Commander Noel Dahlke, AB Rakib Christopher Sloan, EC08-1, is the Director for Captain CSRT12-1, is the Deputy Juan Pablo Ahmad, Exercise Development at CSRT09-2, re- Director of the Information the Naval Mine and Anti- Ternicien, Support Team at the U.S. EC05-3 and tired from the Submarine Warfare Com- National Secu- Embassy, Sri Lanka and mand. CCM08-2, Maldives. retired from rity Council. Lieutenant Colonel Gabe David Louis Mitchell, the Navy and Mongolia Griess, CCM10-1, is Com- is now working as the lead CSRT12-1, is Supervisory mander of the 571 Mobility Major Gen- Special Agent of Miami’s for e-learning at the Navy eral Erdene- Support Advisory Squad- War College. T-7 Joint Terrorism Task ron. bat Balgan, Force. TSC09-1, re- Vietnam Commander Daniel Lin- India tired from the quist, APOC10-2, is at- Le Duc Luu, EC02-2, was military and appointed Ambassador Deputy In- he is working as an analyst tending the U.S. Army War spector Gen- College. Extraordinary and Plenipo- at the Institute for Defense tentiary to the Republic of eral Bikram Studies. Major Marc Esteppa, Bulgari. Keshari Pa- CSRT10-1, is attending the tasahani, Pakistan Naval Staff College. Ta Duy Chinh, CCM10-1, ASC10-1, Brigadier was appointed Ambassador Jeffrey Van Nest, CSRT11- retired from the Coast General of Vietnam to the State of Guard and is working as a Bader Uz 1, transferred to the Min- Israel. neapolis Field Office as a General Manager in Jindal Zaman, Supervisory Special Agent. Dr. Ta Minh Tuan, EC06- Steel and Powers Ltd. EC05-3, re- 3, is Director General and tired from the Commander Chris van Assistant to the Deputy military and is now leading Avery, military professor at Prime Minister. continued on next page APCSS, was assigned to the www.apcss.org 37 Retirements Alumni his family’s Agriculture and now working as Assistant Associations Agro industries. Lieutenant Chief of Staff, for the Joint Afghanistan Inter Agency Task Force Captain Na- Colonel Dean American Samoa West, U.S. Pacific Com- Australia sir Dhoon Orfield, mand. Bangladesh Hussain, CCM08-3 and Bhutan EC06-1, re- APOC10-2, Cambodia* tired from the retired from James Cameroon Navy. the Air Force. Canada Myers, Chile Lieuten- Colonel Kelly CSRT05-2, China ant Colonel Fletcher, retired from Colombia Muham- APOC12-1, the U.S. Comoros ** Cook Islands mad Abrar retired from Customs Fiji Ismael, the U.S. Air and Border Protection. Guam CCM08-2, Force and is Hong Kong retired from the military, he now working as the Chief India of Staff for the Joint POW/ Byron Short- Indonesia continues to work as Direc- Iraq tor in the Earthquake, Re- MIA Accounting Command. er, EC02-1 and CSRT05- Japan construction and Rehabilita- Jordan tion Authority. 2, retired from Kazakhstan Ms. Susan the Navy. Lao PDR Stahl, EC06-1, Lebanon Sri Lanka retired from Madagascar** Malaysia the U.S. State Vietnam Rear Admi- Maldives Department. ral Kithsiri Ambassador Marshall Islands Mauritius** Weerakoon, Le Van Bang, PRS09-1, Micronesia EC08-2, re- Mongolia Lieuten- retired from tired from the ant Colonel Mozambique Navy. Foreign Ser- Nepal Christian vice. New Zealand Isham, Pakistan Taiwan EC05-3, Palau retired from Papua New Guinea Captain Chi- the Marine Corps and is Peru Lun Sheng, Philippines Republic of Korea EC04-2, re- Russia & Far East Russia tired from the Samoa Fleet Com- Singapore mand Navy. Solomon Islands Follow APCSS Sri Lanka Taiwan On the web at: www.apcss.org Tanzania United States Thailand Colonel Kenneth “Tiger” On Facebook (search) “Asia-Pacific Timor-Leste Hession, Center for Security Studies” Tonga On Twitter at: www.twitter.com/APCSS Tuvalu APOC10- Vanuatu 3, retired On Google+: https://plus.google.com/u/ Vietnam from the Air 0/b/115723312982874110053/11572331298 U.S. (D.C. & Hawaii) Force. 2874110053/ * Informal group ** Joint alumni association with the Africa Center 38 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Virtual communities

Climate Change & Security Moderator: Dr. Scott Hauger

Confidence Building Measures Moderators: Dr. Saira Yamin & Dr. Rouben Azizian

Counter-Terrorism Moderator: Mr. Shyam Te- kwani

Crisis Management Moderator: Ms. Jessica Ear

Energy Security Moderator: Dr. Bill Wieninger

Governance & Security Moderator: Dr. Steven Kim

Health Security Moderator: Dr. Jim Campbell

Maritime Security Moderator: Ms. Kerry Nan- kivell

Building Communities of Interest Media, Conflict & Terrorism Moderator: Mr. Shyam Te- Integral to the APCSS apcsslink.org to stimulate discussion and kwani mission is the building of collaboration that satisfies Communities of Interest similar functions or careers both objectives. Participa- Oceania Security Issues (COIs) to advance security such as police, lawyers, tion in these communities Moderator: Dr. Al Oehlers cooperation. By educating, doctors, public affairs spe- is not limited to actual, Organizational Development & cialists, etc.; and COIs are person-to-person contact, connecting and empowering Innovation also categorized by security our Fellows, we create op- virtual communities thrive Moderator: Ms. Miemie Byrd portunities and an environ- issue. on-line, in secure portals ment for these communities, APCSS Fellows and alumni like APCSSLink. To clarify The Power of Identity both actual and virtual, to often seek to enrich their understanding of security- Moderator: Mr. Shyam Te- flourish. There are various knowledge of and capacities issue-related communities, kwani types of COIs, including but for certain security-related we offer a closer look at the not limited to the popular issues. Similarly, many following COIs currently Public Affairs/Social Media alumni associations which supported by APCSS fac- Moderator: Ms. Mary Marko- participants discover aspira- vinovic are comprised of groups of tions for engaging brand- ulty and staff and encourage your participation in areas alumni linked together by new security issues. Wheth- Regional Security Cooperation country or location; there er enhancing one’s estab- that match your interests or Mechanisms are COIs founded by func- lished forte or venturing goals. Moderator: Dr. Rouben Aziz- tion which tie groups of into fresh areas of concern, ian alumni together based on APCSS COIs are designed www.apcss.org 39 OFFICE OF THE DIRECTOR

Director – Lt. Gen. (Ret.) Dan Leaf, U.S. Air Force Deputy Director – Brig. Gen. (Ret.) James T. Hirai, U.S. Army Foreign Policy Advisor – Ambassador (Ret.) Charles Salmon

COLLEGE OF SECURITY STUDIES Dean – Amb. (Ret.) Lauren Moriarty

Deputy Dean – Col. (Ret.) David Shanahan, U.S. Army Col. Michael R. Lwin, Senior U.S. Army Fellow—Strat- Academic Chief of Staff – Col. Timothy Ryan, U.S. Army egy & Strategic Communication Dr. J. Mohan Malik – China, Geopolitics, & Nuclear Pro- Dr. Rouben Azizian – Security Sector Development, Regional liferation contacts Organizations, Eurasia Security Dr. Justin Nankivell – International Law, Security Sector Dr. Miemie Winn Byrd – Economics, Adult Ed., Burma Development Dr. James Campbell – Indonesia, Health Security Ms. Kerry Nankivell – Maritime Security, Afghanistan Col. Bryan Chapman, U.S. Army – South Asia Stabilization, Complexity Capt. (Ret.) Carleton Cramer, U.S. Navy – Terrorism, Int’l Law Dr. Al Oehlers – Economics, Burma, Southeast Asia, Pa- Maj. Patrick S. Daulton, U.S. Army - Weapons of Mass Destruc- cific Islands tion Mr. Tom Peterman – Disaster Management, UN HA/DR, Lt. Col. Peter J. Don, U.S. Army - Joint Military Operations, UN Peace Operations Strategic Intelligence, and International Relations Maj. James Popphan, USAF - Political Affairs, Terrorism, Cmdr. H. Mario DeOliveira, U.S. Navy – Military/International Contingency Response Law Dr. Jeffrey Reeves - China, Mongolia, and East Asia Se- Ms. Jessica Ear – Human Security, Crisis Management, Civil curity Societies, Cambodia Col. (Ret.) Dave Shanahan, U.S. Army – Security Sector Lt.Col. Reese Evers, USAF - Indonesia Reform Mr. Herman Finley, Jr. – Information Technology, Strategic Cmdr. Paul Tech, U.S. Navy – Maritime & Aviation Se- Communication, China curity, China & Int’l Relations Dr. Lori Forman – Development Financing, ODA, Public-Private Mr. Shyam Tekwani – South Asia; Media & Conflict; Ter- Partnerships, Non-Governmental Organizations rorism Dr. David Fouse – Japan Dr. Alexander Vuving – Geopolitics, Southeast Asia, Dr. Scott Hauger – Environment/Science China, Vietnam, South China Sea, Soft Power Lt. Col. Christopher Heming, USAF - Development Engineering, Dr. Virginia Watson – Science & Technology Policy, Program Management, Test & Evaluation Southeast Asia/Philippines, Water Security Dr. Jeffrey Hornung – Japan, East Asia Security Dr. William A. Wieninger – WMD Issues, Security Sector Dr. Steven Kim – Korea, Governance Development, Counter-Terrorism Maj. Douglas P. Krugman, USMC – Southeast Asia Dr. Saira Yamin - South Asia Lt.Col. John P. Lloyd, U.S. Army Fellow - Strategic Planning

ADMISSIONS & BUSINESS OPERATIONS PUBLIC AFFAIRS Dean – Capt.(Ret.) Richard Sears, U.S. Navy Chief – Ms. Mary Markovinovic Webmaster/Photographer – Mr. Bob Goodwin ADMISSIONS Photographer – Mr. Ace Rainey Chief – Lt. Col. (Ret.) Tom Patykula, U.S. Army Cover Art – Visual Information (VI) Branch Registrar – Ms. Pearl Peiler Group Photos – (VI) Alumni – Lt. Col. (Ret.) John Gasner, U.S. Air Force CURRENTS EDITORIAL BOARD Email: [email protected] Ms. Mary Markovinovic, Editor-in-Chief; Mr. Bob Goodwin, [email protected] Co-Editor; Dr. Rouben Azizian; Dr. David Fouse; Lt.Cmdr. (Ret.) Jo Gardiner, USN; Lt. Col. (Ret.) John Gasner,USAF; Dr. Al Oehlers; Capt. Sarah Cummins, USA.

As of March 31, 2013 40 CURRENTS Spring 2013 Asia-Pacific Chiefs of Defense A number of Chiefs of Defense attending the annual U.S. Pacific Command Chiefs of Defense Conference Nov. 6-8, 2012, were also graduates of the Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies. Pictured here with PACOM Commander Admiral Samuel J. Locklear (center) are: Brigadier General Francis Agwi (TSC10-2) of Papua New Guinea; General Eth Sarath (SEC08-2) of Cambodia; General Tserendejidiin Byambajav (TSC12-2) of Mongolia; Major General Ahmed Shiyam (TSC12-1 and EC99-3) of the Maldives; and, Brigadier General Tau’aika Uta’atu (SEC05- 3) of Tonga. Missing from photo is General Gaurav S.J.B. Rana (EC99-1) of Nepal.

Please don’t forget to contact the Outreach and Alumni Coordination Branch at [email protected] if you have been promoted, changed job positions, or moved.

Asia-Pacific Center for Security Studies 2058 Maluhia Road Honolulu, HI 96815

www.apcss.org 41