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Rapport Annuel D'activité Rapport annuel d’activité 2017 Centre national de référence Mycoses Invasives et Antifongiques Responsables Année Pr. Françoise Dromer Pr. Stéphane Bretagne, adjoint d’exercice Pr. Olivier Lortholary, adjoint Collaborateurs 2016 M. Alexandre Alanio, médecin mycologue Mme Anne Boullié, technicienne Mme Reine Bouyssié, assistante Mme Marie Desnos-Ollivier, ingénieur Mme Dea Garcia-Hermoso, ingénieur Mme Cécile Gautier, technicienne Mme Fanny Lanternier, médecin clinicien Mme Karine Sitbon, médecin d'études cliniques Table des matières RESUME ANALYTIQUE ..................................................................................................................... 1 1 MISSIONS ET ORGANISATION DU CNR ..................................................................................... 2 2 ACTIVITES D’EXPERTISE ........................................................................................................... 2 ÉVOLUTIONS DES TECHNIQUES AU COURS DE L’ANNEE 2014 .............................................................. 2 ACTIVITES D’EXPERTISE DE L’ANNEE 2016 ....................................................................................... 2 Expertise 2016 sur les levures ............................................................................................ 3 Expertise 2016 sur les champignons filamenteux .............................................................. 6 Expertise 2016 sur la sensibilité aux antifongiques ........................................................... 8 Expertise 2016 sur les mycoses endémiques ...................................................................... 9 Expertise 2016 en anatomopathologie ............................................................................ 10 Expertise 2016 pour les diagnostics moléculaires ............................................................ 10 Diagnostic sur tissu fixé ............................................................................................................................................. 11 Diagnostic sur prélèveMents sanguins, urinaires ou respiratoires ............................................................................ 11 3 ACTIVITES DE SURVEILLANCE ................................................................................................. 11 SURVEILLANCE DE L’EVOLUTION ET DES CARACTERISTIQUES DES INFECTIONS ........................................ 11 Surveillance de la cryptococcose : .................................................................................... 13 Observatoire des Levures ................................................................................................. 15 RESeau de Surveillance des Infections Fongiques invasives en France (ReSSIF) .............. 16 Les aspergilloses invasives ......................................................................................................................................... 19 Les pneuMocystoses .................................................................................................................................................. 20 Les MucorMycoses .................................................................................................................................................... 21 Les fusarioses ............................................................................................................................................................ 21 SURVEILLANCE DE LA RESISTANCE DES AGENTS PATHOGENES AUX ANTI-INFECTIEUX .............................. 21 Définition de l’échantillon de souches testées ................................................................. 21 Définitions utilisées pour exprimer la résistance ............................................................. 22 Résultats de la surveillance des résistances aux antifongiques pour les levures ............. 23 Résultats de la surveillance des résistances aux antifongiques pour les filamenteux ..... 25 Analyse des tendances ..................................................................................................... 28 PARTICIPATION AUX RESEAUX DE SURVEILLANCE INTERNATIONAUX, EN PARTICULIER EUROPEENS ............ 29 4 ALERTE .................................................................................................................................. 29 ALERTE CONCERNANT CANDIDA AURIS ......................................................................................... 29 INFECTIONS A SAPROCHAETE CLAVATA ......................................................................................... 30 COLONISATION OU INFECTION A MUCOR INDICUS .......................................................................... 30 Contexte .................................................................................................................................................................... 30 Investigation épideMiologique .................................................................................................................................. 31 Investigations mycologiques ..................................................................................................................................... 31 5 ACTIVITES D’INFORMATION, DE FORMATION ET DE CONSEIL ................................................ 32 ENSEIGNEMENTS ET FORMATION ................................................................................................. 32 MODALITES DE DIFFUSION DES DONNEES DE SURVEILLANCE ET PRODUCTION DU CNRMA ..................... 33 ACTIVITE DE CONSEIL AUX PROFESSIONNELS .................................................................................. 33 ACTIVITE D'EXPERTISE ................................................................................................................ 33 6 TRAVAUX DE RECHERCHE ET PUBLICATIONS EN LIEN DIRECT AVEC L’ACTIVITE DU CNR ......... 35 Description de nouvelles espèces ............................................................................................................................. 35 DéveloppeMent de méthodes de typage .................................................................................................................. 35 Typage de C. parapsilosis ..................................................................................................................................... 35 Détection du clone épidémique de Saprochaete clavata .................................................................................... 36 Typage de PneuMocystis jirovecii ........................................................................................................................ 36 Cryptococcose ........................................................................................................................................................... 36 Evaluation d’un test rapide de diagnostic de la cryptococcose ........................................................................... 36 Cryptococcose et Cryptococcus spp. en Europe .................................................................................................. 36 Essai thérapeutique randoMisé en Afrique .......................................................................................................... 37 OptiMisation diagnostique des infections fongiques ................................................................................................ 37 PneuMocystoses .................................................................................................................................................. 37 Variation du noMbre de copies de l’ARN 18S d’Aspergillus fuMigatus analysé par droplet PCR ......................... 38 Etudes concernant les fongéMies à levures .............................................................................................................. 38 Fongémies en onco-héMatologie ......................................................................................................................... 38 Fongémies dues aux levures rares ....................................................................................................................... 38 Infections à coeloMycètes .................................................................................................................................... 39 LES PUBLICATIONS ET COMMUNICATIONS EN LIEN AVEC LES ACTIVITES DU CNR ................................... 40 Invitations dans des congrès internationaux ............................................................................................................. 40 Congrès nationaux ..................................................................................................................................................... 40 Publications nationales ............................................................................................................................................. 41 Publications internationales ...................................................................................................................................... 41 Chapitre de livre – publications didactiques ............................................................................................................. 45 7 COOPERATION AVEC LES LABORATOIRES DE SANTE ANIMALE, D’HYGIENE ALIMENTAIRE, ENVIRONNEMENTAUX .................................................................................................................. 45 8 PROGRAMME D’ACTIVITE POUR LES ANNEES SUIVANTES .....................................................
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