Google A tech jargon Submitted By Prasham Trivedi (6044) As a partial fulfillment of the course of B.E.I.T. 2009 SHANTILAL SHAH ENGINEERING COLLEGE CERTIFICATE This is to certify that below mentioned students Mr. Prasham H Trivedi(Roll No. 6040) of semester 8th , course B.E.I.T. , have successfully and satisfactorily completed his Seminar report on ͞Google- a tech Jargon͟ in subject Seminar report and produced this report of year 2009 and submitted to S.S.E.C., BHAVNAGAR. DATE OF SUBMISSION: --------------------------------------------- STAFF IN CHARGE: HEAD OF DEPARTMENT: PRINCIPAL: page 1 of 109 Contents Overview͙..͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙͙3 Browser: Google Chrome ..................................................................................... 10 Browser extension: Gears .................................................................................... 20 Desktop Search Engine: Google Desktop ............................................................. 22 picture Organizer picasa ...................................................................................... 28 IM: Google talk .................................................................................................... 33 Google earth ........................................................................................................ 37 Google packs ........................................................................................................ 45 Igoogle ................................................................................................................. 47 Google gadgets .................................................................................................... 50 Developers͛ Mecca: Google code ......................................................................... 68 Google App Engine ............................................................................................... 69 Google Maps ........................................................................................................ 72 Google notebook ................................................................................................. 78 Mobile OS and software developing platform: Android ....................................... 79 Google search ...................................................................................................... 87 Google image search ............................................................................................ 92 Game on Google: image labeler ........................................................................... 93 Google for researchers: Google patent search ..................................................... 96 Code repository: Google Code search .................................................................. 97 Google͛s online library: Book Search .................................................................... 98 Google for students: Google scholar .................................................................... 99 Google the real technology behind .................................................................... 100 Google File System ............................................................................................. 104 From where Google earns? ................................................................................ 106 page 2 of 109 History and overview Google Inc. is an American public corporation, earning revenue from advertising related to its Internet search, e-mail, online mapping, office productivity, social networking, and video sharing services as well as selling advertising-free versions of the same technologies. The Google headquarters, the Googleplex, is located in Mountain View, California. As of December 31, 2008, the company has 20,222 full-time employees. Google was co-founded by Larry page and Sergey Brin while they were students at Stanford University and the company was first incorporated as a privately held company on September 4, 1998. The initial public offering took place on August 19, 2004, raising US$1.67 billion, making it worth US$23 billion. Google has continued its growth through a series of new product developments, acquisitions, and partnerships. Environmentalism, philanthropy and positive employee relations have been important tenets during the growth of Google, the latter resulting in being identified multiple times as Fortune Magazine's #1 Best place to Work. The unofficial company slogan is "Don't be evil", although criticism of Google includes concerns regarding the privacy of personal information, copyright, censorship and discontinuation of services. According to Millward Brown, it is the most powerful brand in the world. Google began in January 1996, as a research project by Larry page, who was soon joined by Sergey Brin, when they were both ph.D. students at Stanford University in California. They hypothesized that a search engine that analyzed the relationships between websites would produce better ranking of results than existing techniques, which ranked results according to the number of times the search term appeared on a page. Their search engine was originally nicknamed "BackRub" because the system checked backlinks to estimate the importance of a site. A small search engine called Rankdex was already exploring a similar strategy. Convinced that the pages with the most links to them from other highly relevant web pages must be the most relevant pages associated with the search, page and Brin tested their thesis as part of their studies, and laid the foundation for their search engine. Originally, the search engine used the Stanford University website with the domain google.stanford.edu. The domain google.com was registered on 15 September 1997, and the company was incorporated as Google Inc. on 4 September 1998 at a friend's garage in Menlo park, California. The total initial investment raised for the new company amounted to almost US$1.1 million, including a US$100,000 check by Andy Bechtolsheim, one of the founders of Sun Microsystems. In March 1999, the company moved into offices in palo Alto, home to several other noted Silicon Valley technology startups. After quickly outgrowing two other sites, the company leased a complex of buildings in Mountain View at 1600 Amphitheatre parkway from Silicon Graphics (SGI) in 2003. The company has remained at this location ever since, and the complex page 3 of 109 has since come to be known as the Googleplex (a play on the word googolplex). In 2006, Google bought the property from SGI for US$319 million. The Google search engine attracted a loyal following among the growing number of Internet users, who liked its simple design and useful results. In 2000, Google began selling advertisements associated with search keywords. The ads were text-based to maintain an uncluttered page design and to maximize page loading speed. Keywords were sold based on a combination of price bid and clickthroughs, with bidding starting at US$.05 per click. This model of selling keyword advertising was pioneered by Goto.com (later renamed Overture Services, before being acquired by Yahoo! and rebranded as Yahoo! Search Marketing). Goto.com was an Idealab spin off created by Bill Gross, and was the first company to successfully provide a pay- for-placement search service. Overture Services later sued Google over alleged infringements of Overture's pay-per-click and bidding patents by Google's AdWords service. The case was settled out of court, with Google agreeing to issue shares of common stock to Yahoo! in exchange for a perpetual license. Thus, while many of its dot-com rivals failed in the new Internet marketplace, Google quietly rose in stature while generating revenue. The name "Google" originated from a common misspelling of the word "googol", which refers to 10100, the number represented by a 1 followed by one hundred zeros. Having found its way increasingly into everyday language, the verb "google", was added to the Merriam Webster Collegiate Dictionary and the Oxford English Dictionary in 2006, meaning "to use the Google search engine to obtain information on the Internet." A patent describing part of the Google ranking mechanism (pageRank) was granted on 4 September 2001. The patent was officially assigned to Stanford University and lists Lawrence page as the inventor. Financing and initial public offering The first funding for Google as a company was secured in August 1998, in the form of a US$100,000 contribution from Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems, given to a corporation which did not yet exist. On June 7th, 1999 a round of funding of $25 million was announced, with the major investors being rival venture capital firms Kleiner perkins Caufield & Byers and Sequoia Capital. The Google IpO took place on 19 August 2004. 19,605,052 shares were offered at a price of US$85 per share. Of that, 14,142,135 (another mathematical reference as g2 [ 1.4142135) were floated by Google, and the remaining 5,462,917 were offered by existing stockholders. The sale of US$1.67 billion gave Google a market capitalization of more than US$23 billion. The vast majority of the 271 million shares remained under the control of Google. Many Google employees became instant paper millionaires. Yahoo!, a competitor of Google, also benefited page 4 of 109 from the IpO because it owned 8.4 million shares of Google as of 9 August 2004, ten days before the IpO. The stock performance of Google after its first IpO launch has gone well, with shares hitting US$700 for