HARVESTER WORLD

UGUST 1950

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VOL. 41 NO. 8 "There is a beauty of living on the land."—FKANK LLOYD WRIGHT TALIESIN... rural workshop for master builders

By JEANNE LAMOREAUX Photos by ALBERT G. WESTELIN

IN THE GREEN HILLS roUing up the mighty Fujiyama. There is the magnificent S. C. Johnson and away from the sandy-shored Company's administration building and research tower in Racine, FRANK Wisconsin river, there where Wiscon­ Wisconsin . . . and the remarkable Larkin building of Buffalo, the sin is the most beautiful, lies Tahesin. first "modern" office building. They prove the truth of Mr. LLOYD The name of a druid poet who sang Wright's theory that architecture must be organic, inspired by to Wales the glory of fine art, its the countiy itself and tiue to its native way of life. WRIGHT literal translation is "shining brow" "We ate not by natute manufactuieis," Mi. Wright explains. and as such it crowns the hilltop, the "We, of all the peoples in the world, have been given the gieatest home and workshop of Frank Lloyd gifts of land and natural resources. This is our birthtight, our Wright, architect. heritage, and the land is the only true basis of any culture we might Here lives the man who has been called the greatest aitistic call our own. genius of his place and time. Schools of modem architecture all "There is a beauty of living on the land; the countryside is a over the woild have felt the influence of his woik. His levolu- precious thing in anybody's life," he conrinues. "The farm has tionaiy buildings were at fiist rejected by his fellow Americans, beauty and a richness of experience that would be enough if although accepted eagerly across Europe and Asia. Now, however, people could only see the goodness in what they are doing. But in at the age of 81, he is recognized at last, a prophet with honor in too many cases they don't belong to the way they live. Their his own country. houses fight the landscape. They see nothing in their life as being His buildings stand in almost every state, in many foreign desirable and do nothing to give themselves character. The whole countries. There are homes he has built for people to five in, stores, thing is wrong end to." churches, theaters, colleges, hotels, offices, museums. His famous An architect with vision is needed to lead us out of our cultural Imperial hotel in Tokyo is the building which survived the eaith- abyss, Mr. Wright emphasizes. And he is trying to piepaie this quake of 1923 because the aichitect conceived a way to outwit new type of mastei buildei, equal to the challenge, at Taliesin.

FRANK LLOYD WRIGHT, the titan of modern architecture, sits before a wood THE JOHNSON WAX administtation building in Racine, Wisconsin, was built in 1936. fire in the drafting room at Taliesin, his rural-Wisconsin home and workshop. Wright strove to express in this building the romance he sees in modern industry. 2 THE HILLSIDE SCHOOL BUILDINGS, designed by Mr. Wright for his teacher- aunts in 1903, still look "modern" almost 50 years later. Wright was the first atchitect to make use of the extended eaves in building.

USING THE GROUND for his inspiration, Wright designed the school buildings to follow the contour of the land. Built of native materials, wood and stone, the same buildings now house the Taliesin fellowship.

THIS IS A MODEL of the famous St. Mark's THE WINDMILL, Romeo and Juliet, was Tower, a multiple-family building designed built befote the turn of the century. for St. Mark's in the Bowery, though nevet Neighbors and relatives were sure it built. The abstract pattern of the structure would blow over with the first windstorm. represents a fusing of Form and Idea. Romeo and Juliet has outlived the scoffers.

THE BEAUTY OF LIVING on the land is the only true basis for an American cultute, Mr. Wright believes. This is teality. TALIESIN

ARCHITECTS Q^mJI^^^ TALIESIN. Not a school, but a fellowship. The young people are • ti»-»

APPRENTICES LEARN TO HANDLE stone by building walls, laying floors, putting up piers. Usually a skilled workman, in this case a stone mason, directs work. IN THE LARGE DRAFTING ROOM at Taliesin, apprentices wotk on details of plans designed by Mr. Wright. They also design plans for the interiors of their own quartets which they submit to their master fot his approval.

"Everyone's hands are in the muc/ from which the bricks are made . . .

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Hfc^^^ei 1^ TALIESIN ... ARCHITECTS IN THE MAKING

CONDUCTING A SYMPHONY of destruction, Mr. Wright, in the left foreground, TEARING DOWN one building, putting up another. Wotk . . . work directs the apprentices as they teat down the old to make way for the new. work . , . That's how Taliesin apprentices learn about architecture.

ALL WORK AT TALIESIN is voluntary. No one "has" to do anything, yet BETWEEN 50 AND 60 young apprentices are now at work at Taliesin. They all work willingly, enjoy the richness of the experience they are having. come from all ovet the world; about half of them are from other countries. FOOD AND BEAUTY

THE FARM, in the summer, is one of the most impoitant phases of woik. Without the farm, Mi. Wright says, there could be no Taliesin fellowship. In the Taliesin Foundation there ate 1800 acres; 700 of these are now being faimed. Besides helping to feed the fellowship (Mi. Wright hopes to grow about half of theit food this yeai), the faim also selves to express the beauty of tillage. While the apprenrices depend on International Haivester ma- chineiy to help with ground preparation, planting and cultivating, the combine has been eliminated, designedly, and coin is haivested by hand. At Taliesin they enjoy seeing the cornstalks standing in the field, punctuated by the bright orange of the pumpkin. They want to keep the things that are picturesque in the life of the farmer, using machinery to improve and not detract from the beauties of an agrarian landscape. Mr. Wright aims to milk 40 Guernsey cows at the Tahesin farm, and care for 1000 New Hampshire ted chickens, 125 led pigs and 500 sheep. As much food as is possible is "put up" in the fall and tiucked to Taliesin West, the wintei headquaiteis of the fellowship, deep in the Arizona deseit.

THE TALIESIN FARM FEEDS the fellow­ ship, also illustrates the beauty of tillage. Buildings in the backgiound are the barns, designed to follow the contour of the tolling hills.

SEEN FROM THE HILLTOP, the toofs of the Taliesin farm buildings form an absttact pattern, adding to the beauty that nature originally gave to the countrvside. TALIESIN

THE FARM IS as much a part of the apprentice's IN THE FOREGR(JUNL) is the Taliesin-designed hayrack. THE FARM HOME Seems to grow out wl ilic life and work as the building and drafting room. The half-circle to the right is the machinery-port. Extend­ crown of the hill, overlooking the Taliesin Plowing, seeding, cultivating and harvesting all ing down the hill ftom it are the hog pens. Farmall H and fatm buildings below. It, too, is consttucted become a part of their Taliesin experience. M tractors and two Farmall Cubs are used on the farm. of native matetials, wood and stone.

workshop of a creative architect, has be­ come more and more an endeavor in the diiection of an indigenous cultute. The PATTERN seeds of this culture were first planted on FOR the middle western prairie more than 50 yeais ago. Aftei many yeais and even CULTURE mote miles, the idea began to take toot in its own soil. It changed the couise of architecture and may, in time, create a better design for living.

MR. WRIGHT wants no drawing-boaid aichitects at Taliesin. He wants creative atchitects who can inteipiet life in teims of actual building. He sttives to awaken in his young appientices an appreciation of MUSIC, "frozen architecture," can be heard every­ what constitutes good building. where at Taliesin. Hete a giti from Paris, a boy Young Americans live and work with ftom Vermont and a boy from Ohio play on theit young people from Europe, India and Asia. recorders, a 17th century English insttument. (About half of the appientices come from other countries.) Artificial barriers of custom and language disappeat in a way there is no place at Taliesin foi anything of life where the emphasis is on things that is ugly. In eveiy room and around the that are real. grounds ate priceless ait tieasuies which There are no rules at Taliesin and no MI. Wiight has collected from all ovet pressure. Instead there is a complete and the woild. And there is always music. charming freedom. In this atmosphere, Almost evetyone plays some kind of free from frustration, the young people are musical insttument. Seven grand pianos encouraged to create and not copy, to are in almost constant use. Appientices develop their imaginations out of their play in a string quaitet, have a lecoidei TEA, PREPARED BY the appientices, is served every inner selves. choir, sing in the male choius. aftetnoon at four in the drafting room. This is They hve suirounded by beauty, fot So now Taliesin, originally the home and when the day's wotk ends, and recreation begins. 8 MIRTA DOEDE IS A RESEARCH CHEMIST at Manufacturing Research laboratories. She makes physical tests on oils and other organic materials, has a B.S. degtee in chemistty from St. Xaviei college in Chicago.

Harvester needs SEVEN AND EIGHT-TENTHS percent of International Harvestet's employes ate women. feminine touch.. That statistic appeared in a recent bulletin from the peisonnel depaitment of Industrial Relations. Only 7.8%! Sounds hke a mighty few women—especially when a figure further down the column shows that Intetnational Harvestei employs mote than 90,000 men and women in the United States. Makes the whole company seem like a man's oiganization. But statistics don't neces­ sarily prove anything. Haivestei isn't a man's organization—just 92.2% masculine. Some of the vital 7.8% are supervisors and inspectors. There are linguists and dozens of home economists. Others are nuttitionists and librarians, buyers and nurses, instructors and secretaries. There ate women in industrial relations and

MERCEDES HURST public relations. Some are in management #ie]gp Hi WOMEN AT WORK

ARTISTS Carolyn Marxman, Eileen Conrad and Bea Leonard design and prepare artwork for visual education material used by IH education and tiaining insttuctors. The variety of theit work demands a number of skills, including drawing, cartooning, painting, lettering and design.

Edna Steward IS A RESEARCH PHOTOGRAPHER Rosemary Ryder is A RECEPTIONIST at Melrose Park Margaret Kilgas is ONE OF THREE NURSES at Manufactufing Research. She combines Works, headquarters for the company's industiial power at Harvestet's McCormick Works. She has an interest in science with skill in photography, division. Rosemary welcomes about 75 visitors a day. She been with the company eight years, took her specializes in "before and after" pictures. went to Clarke college in Dubuque, Iowa, for three years. training at St. Luke's hospital in Chicago. 10 Jeanette VanDetVeen, A PUNCH PRESS OPERATOR, petforms a retainer forming Estelle Pappa MAKES FINAL VISUAL INSPECTION on toilet bearings at West operation at Hatvester's West Pullman Works, where toilet and ball beatings Pullman. She checks bearings for outer diameter, inspects them over a glass ate manufactured. She has been with the company for nine years. light, and demagnetizes them. She has eight years' service.

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positions. And what do people mean by women knew how to use that machineiy. to explain. However, I didn't confess "general office" work.? Seems to me there I didn't. They were making retainers—a that some yeais back—long before I came are dozens of highly specialized jobs that part used in the assembling of ball bearings. to Haivestei—ball beatings had meant come under that heading. Each calls fot In one of our final stops in the ball bearing little more to me than BB shots in a a special "know how." department we watched women assemble casing. I know better now. I know they Sometimes it is women who lepiesent and inspect these beatings. ate a "must" in industiy. the company at outside meetings. Some When I came back to the office, I The ball beating depaitment at West women ate membeis of impoitant com­ phoned Haivestei's executive vice president Pullman is typical of women's impoitance mittees; some women prepare reports for who has responsibility for manufacturing. in building Haivestei equipment through­ committee action. Some women plan Could he see me fot a minute.'' He could. out the plants. pfogtams. They give programs. Some Like that of other Harvester executives, Go ahead and ask any man who knows, women find it necessaiy to travel to cany his doot is open. if magnetos and caibuietois and implement out theii duties fot the company. "What's on your mind?" he asked when beatings ate essential in good up-to-date One of my eailiest Harvester plant visits I entered. machineiy. His answei will give one clue was to West Pullman Works. I was In a quiet voice I asked, "Are ball to the impoitance of women at Haivestei. fascinated and impressed. There were beatings impoitant in Haivester products?" That 7.896! What a difference it makes! hundreds of women doing highly skilled But, regardless of how important ail jobs in the factoiy and offices. Ceitainly these "essentials" aie, alone they will not they weren't making complete tractors or HE LEANED FORWARD over his desk plow a field, plant the com, oi pick the coin planters. No one does. and looked me straight in the eye. He cotton. Thete are hundreds of othei parts, These West Pullman women were making didn't say a woid foi a minute. He hundreds of other operations, necessary millions of parts that are used in assembling couldn't. He was wondering. Wondering before a plow, a planter, or a corn picket ttactors, motor trucks and other Harvester how I evei got on the payroll. gets a final okay as it comes off the line. products. (Made me realize that all the Then he repeated the question. " 'Are Women by no means do all the jobs. But strong, sturdy things of life are made up ball bearinj^s impoitant in Haivestei prod­ they help in the over-all production. of little parts that are basically sound and ucts?' /'// say they are. If we didn't have When ptoducts get the "go ahead" perfect.) them we'd be slowed down to about where signal, the story doesn't end foi Harvester At West Pullman we walked all thiough we were in the '90's." women. A new chapter begins. A corps the plant. It seemed miles. It guess it Then I explained why I had asked the of office women swings into action. It was. All along the way we saw women in question the way I had asked it. He went takes mote than simple aiithmetic to keep neat unifoims. They looked up to smile, on to tell me that top speed fot an auto­ track of eveiy item that comes off the line. then they went on with theit work. In mobile would be about 25 miles an bout Haivestei women help to keep the count. one depaitment there were punch presses without anti-ffiction bearings of the ball Then theie are bookkeepers and typists and that operated fast and ihythmically. The or roller type. It was all very nice of him sectetaiies and general office people. All

11 needed to keep the "records straight." To expeits in so many different fields. Men office. Then it's the leceptionist. Both keep things moving. and women. And eveiy job is impottant. of these "fiont line" jobs mean much to the If anyone ever gets curious and wants It has to be tight. It has to "add up." company. We'ie happy that most calleis to know just how many finished products In othei depaitments throughout the are friendly and pleasant. and parts ate turned out in a given period company—some of them coeducational— Girls handling traffic have a tough job on in all Haivester plants, let him take a sight­ the woik is as impressive as the tabulating their hands, but they seem to get "their seeing trip to the tabulating division on the division. Then there are women schedul­ man" on the right train, headed in the right 15th floor in Harvestet's General Office. ing materials, and drafting, and in peisonnel direction at the right time . . . and usually The tabulating division is like a control work. There are so many jobs for women. with the leseivation he wants. And that's room for compiling reports and statistics of So diflferent. Yet, so alike. They are all something! What about oveiseas? A all sorts. Harvester women push the little important. Haivestei woman will make the leseiva- buttons at the fight of a machine and, ovet tions, handle the visas, get medical cleai- on the left, little cards come out aU punched ance; she'll handle all details; she'll even with information. It's amazing! (Ciedit get some othei Haivestei woman to line; Theie ate a few men in this depait­ translate a foreign language or write letters ment—including the boss.) Final lepotts WOMEN to foreign ports. compiled from the little caids show what The chapter on secretaries in anyone's was shipped, and when, and how, and AT WORK book should be clipped for rereading. A how many. Practically in one breath! secretary's job is so involved, so intricate, This same staflf compiles statistical infoi- so delicate. Somehow secretaries always mation and data fot almost eveiy depait­ remind me of the opeiator in the control ment in the company—including export tower at Chicago's Midway Airport. There, accounting and foreign operations, credit big airliners ate coming and going every and collection, tteasuty and salaiy admin­ HARVESTER WOMEN ARE even work­ minute and twenty seconds. But the man istration, to mention just a few. But if ing on expediting! And don't think that in the towei keeps eveiything tunning anyone thinks the woik is simple, let him expediting isn't important. What man smoothly—even if a pilot comes in by tiy it sometime. See if he comes up with wants to get a potato digger when he has instruments. the right answei. I guess it's all in know­ ordered a Farmall Cub tractor? Moreover, One of the newest fields for women at ing which button to push, and how and he wants it when he wants it, and if he Harvester is in home economics. Natu- when. I don't know. These Haivestei doesn't get it, one of Harvester's pleasant lally! Household lefiigeiarion is one of the women do. They're expeits. telephone operatots may be the fitst of the company's newest product lines. Already Somehow these women in the tabulating company's public relations representatives mote than 80 home economists represent division made me realize that the Hatvestei to get into action. Of course, if the man is the company. From Poitland, Maine, to Company—any company—needs so many "hopping mad," maybe he'll rush into the Poitland, Oregon, they help homemakeis

ONE-THIRD OF THE EMPLOYES at Hatvester Press are women, where most of Larry Hardt and Bonnie Bowden ARE PROOFREADERS at Harvester Press. Hatvester's literature is printed. In the bindety. Gene Bobel, Thetesa This is Bonnie's l6th year with the Ptess, Latry's sixth. Proofreading is Pulaski and Carmela Crotts put a parts price list through the automatic stitcher. exacting work, requires knowledge of grammai, ptinting style and rules. 12 Vivian Hall is A BALER TWINE SPINNER at McCormick Twine Mills, where baler and binder twine is manufactured. She has eight years of service, is steward for her department. Her duties include feeding and watching 21 flyers, or spinning machines.

L.Juno Clardy IS THE RECEPTIONIST in the General Office industrial relations department. She maintains personnel records, issues refrigeration certificates to employes, has chatge of setvice records.

NINE GIRLS HANDLE the volume of telephone calls that keeps Harvester's General Office switchboard busy. Most of the gitis have at least a year of telephone company experience. Ann Scibilia, in foreground, places and clocks long-distance calls. MABEL GLASS IS SECRETARY to Fowler McCormick, IH board chairman. She climbed up the ladder from her first job as file clerk in genetal sales.

MILDRED SCHNEIDER IS SECRETARY tO the joint pension boatd of company and union representatives. There are six different pension plans under her supervision.

MARY LOU WELSCHMEYER, Indianapolis district, is one of 80 IH home economists who devote their time to the company's newest products—home freezers and refrigerators. 14 to get the greatest benefits ftom Harvestei vestei as a man's business. But maybe drops. My favorite. He knew. They refrigerators and home freezers. All of that is easily understood. were bettet than the cheiiy taits. their timely programs are directed from the Time matches on. Now I'm with the Irma Harding home economics laboiatoiy Haivester Company. And I appreciate in Evansville. The tecipes and menus THE ONLY CONTACT I had with fuhy, from what I've learned and seen, that seen in adveitisements and on posteis look McCormick-Deeiing faim equipment was the work women have done, and are doing, so good (they taste bettei)—but they're when I put on my sunbonnet and caiiied is an extremely important factoi to the only an inkling of all the activity that goes refreshments and a jugful of fresh water company. I humbly apologize to the on in Evansville. othei Harvester women for ever thinking The influence of women at Harvester the company was just a man's organization. isn't something new. It started long ago My error, in my peppermint-candy-diop when Nettie Fowler McCormick, the wife WOMEN days, was due to my youth. of Cyrus Hall McCormick, played a major Frankly, I've come to believe that 7.8% role. She encouraged the young inventoi. AT WORK is a pietty good peicentage of women in a She dreamed his dreams and had the business like International Haivester. Any­ couiage to say "go ahead" when the going one knows that, in any manufacturing was toughest. It was she who encouraged company, thete aie hundreds of jobs that hei husband to build a new McCoimick have special appeal to men. Hundreds of factoiy aftei the Great Chicago Fire—when to the men in the fields. As I sat in the other jobs are man-sized, and no woman the original plant became a ciumbled mass shade of a tree, or leaned against the teddei who looks into a miiioi when she puts on of brick and smouldering ashes. It was that kicked hay all ovet the place, I heaid hei hat would have one of them. The then that Nettie Fowler McCormick ap­ about fatm equipment and ciops. Heaid numbet of such jobs definitely goes up in a pealed to her husband not to quit—not to it from the menfolk. It was theii language. "heavy-manufactuiing" industiy. That's give up his dreams, not to give up the I lemembei a McCoimick-Deeiing sales­ what Hatvestei is. But there is definitely people who woiked for him, not to give up man who used to call at the faim. To me he a place fot women in the company. the farmers who depended on him. Nettie was the International Haivester Company. Tiue, not all of the jobs for women at Fowler McCormick's spirit still lives in Sometimes he'd aiiive about the time I Harvestet ate on display; they aien't out much of the philosophy at Haivestei. came by with my basket of chetty taits oi before the public hkethepeppermint-candy- Now that I have learned this about cinnamon rolls. On those occasions I had diop man. Many of the jobs foi women Haivestei women, I can make a confession. to give up my share. But I didn't mind. are "behind the scenes." They are on the When I was a youngstei on a faim in Sometimes he used to biing me a striped inside, like the tiny woiks in a good watch. Indiana, I thought of Inteinarional Hai­ paper candy bag chock-full of peppermint They make it tick.

JEANNE LAMOREAUX IS A WRITER for Harvester World SLUA other of Harvester's company magazines. She has a B.A. degree in journalism from the Univer­ sity of Wisconsin. Before joining the company in 1948, Miss Lamoteaux held responsible positions in the publications and advertising fields.

EVERY IH DISTRICT SALES OFFICE has a COtpS of women bookkeepers, typists, secietaries. Eileen Straub, stock control clerk in Columbus, has seven years' service.

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A THOUSAND HEAD of Polled Herefords are now grazing on the 2,000 actes of fatm land once considered worn out.

had been weeds of different varieties, under­ brush, and an assortment of Georgia CATTLE IN THE pines. There they pioceeded to put into effect the original dieam of reclaiming this wasteland and beginning a laige-scale cattle-raising industiy in the "Land of "LAND OF COTTON" Cotton." The Mclntyie biotheis secured the seivices of Fred W. Tullis, a long-time friend, whose experience in cattle giazing and faiming dated back many yeais. It |IVE YEARS AGO Bill whereby it would be reasonable and was his job to get the faim in shape for the Mclntyre, an industrialist profitable to giow forage and develop noble experiment. The first step in the from Monroe, Michigan, pastures foi raising beef cattle. teclamation was to secute the proper farm made frequent visits to It was natural that Mclntyre felt that his equipment. Tullis' first recommendation Watm Sptings, Geoigia, futute should be linked in patt with this was the purchase of International Hat­ where his young daughter section, as his daughter was being helped vestei tractors and equipment. was a patient at the by one of the natural wonders of the state— During the first four years of the experi­ National Poho Foundation. He developed the warm springs from which the Founda­ ment, farm equipment was not always easy an interest in the South, especially the tion received its name. to obtain. However, Mclntyre Farms neaiby points in Geoigia. In his drives Mclntyre and his brotheis, Btouwei and bought a W-6 and a Farmall M ttactor, around the countryside he observed ailing, Chailes, decided to puichase some 5,000 and several other pieces of IH equipment, wasted lands and conceived the vision of acres of faim land neat Thomaston, including combines. clearing and soil - improving processes Geoigia, wheie the chief ctops foi yeais Then came the job of clearing the land 16 GEORGIA LAND that was ailing and wasted in 1945 is now green with pastures. Bill Mclntyre, a Michigan industiialist, is the man behind the transformation.

before the soil could be plowed, disked, Mclntyre Farms took delivery of two ID-9 Herefords. tested and seeded. Soil samples were tractors with heavy-duty tandem haiiows, So a dream has been realized and the tested fot lime, phosphate, and potash. two Cultipackeis with seedeis, an L-110 Mclntyre brothers are proving that Waste­ Following this, and piopei treatment of the pick-up ttuck, and two L-170 trucks with land can be tiansfoimed into a piactical soil, the big opeiation was well undei way. catrie bodies. With this new equipment and profitable Dreamland. In the preparation of the land fot glazing they continued to increase theit acreage of crops, Tullis planned foi Beimuda and improved pastuie. crimson clovei fot late spring and summei Today, aftei five yeats of haid work and pasture, Kentucky fescue and ladino scientific know-how, the original 5,000 clover fot late fall and winter pasture; and acres of worn-out farm land has been for intermittent pastuie he used lespedeza transformed into a high-capacity project, and kudzu. with corn and timber in abundance and 2,000 acres of rich pasture where a thousand head of Polled Herefords ate now grazing. EARLY IN 1950 the Mclntyre Biothers According to Tullis, this land is now one decided to bting their farm equipment up of the best - ptoducing pastuies in the to date with the latest types of machinery Southeast. HARVESTE R WO R L D most suitable to the present needs. In this Bob Garner, of Valley Truck and Tractot pfoject they consulted with R. W. Gainei, Company, says it would thrill anyone to IS PUBLISHED BY THE INTERNATIONAL sales managet of Valley Ttuck and Ttactoi watch the transformation of these led old HARVESTER COMPANY • 180 NORTH Company, IH dealei in Columbus, Geoigia. hills of middle Geoigia as they ate haiiowed MICHIGAN AVE. • CHICAGO 1, ILL. Gainei diew up recommendations foi the under and turned gieen with improved equipment needs of the farm during the pastures. This practice is increasing both GERALD D. HURLEY, EDITOR • EVELYN coming yeais of expected progress, and the number and weight of the Polled MOULTON, ASSISTANT TO THE EDITOR 17 THE TALL RED PYLON and the modern ranch-type house front identify International Harvester's Fair exhibit. It is located about midway in the Fair grounds, overlooking Lake Michigan.

THEY CAME TO THE FAIR

THE CHICAGO FAIR opened its gates Cypress Gardens Watei Thrill Show. And foot oval black-top track and foui red on a gloomy Satutday late in June. The they generally agreed that Harvestet's tractors the kids could operate (free) leaden skies dripped rain all day long, and "Cub-Go-Round" exhibit was one of the themselves. The smallest units in the the multicolored flags waved dismally in best at the Fair. company's farm tractor line, the McCor­ a wet breeze. Even the tesplendenf ushers International Haivester, manufacturer of mick Farmall Cub tractors, were locked in had to hide theit caidinal coats and gold farm equipment, motor trucks, industrial low geai to assure the children's safety. A braid undei raincoats. power and refrigeration products, had unifoimed company attendant rode on the Eveiything was damp but the enthusiasm changed its conservative oveialls fot blue drawbar of each tractot to instinct the of the crowds. They proved, as always, jeans and pinafores. While there were young opeiators and to see that no accident that it takes moie than tain to keep people tiactois and tiucks and lefiigetatots on occulted. away from a fait. display tot the grownups, this show was Children who were too small to teach the Opening-day visitois saw and applauded ptimaiily fot the kids. clutch and brake pedals rode in the drivers' the "Frontiers of Freedom" pageant, The teatute exhibit was the "Cub-Go- laps and helped with the steering. Really enjoyed the circus. Music in the Round, the Round." Beyond the modem, ranch-type riny tots took theii ride in two two-wheel "Of Thee I Sing" performance and the house front and tall red pylon was a 60 x 80- trailers fitted with "paddy wagon" seats 18 ONE OF THE MAJOR atttactions of Chicago this summer is the 1950 Fair. Already more than a million THE IH EXHIBIT features the "Cub-Go-Round," people have passed thiough its gates. Hatvester's "Cub-Go-Round" is one of the popular exhibits. which provides free Farmall Cub tides for youngsters.

FOUR FARMALL CUB tractois make a continuous lound of the ATTENDANTS TRY TO GIVE children the complete black-top ttack. Uniformed attendants instruct youngsters in experience of operating a tractor. They let youngsters safe operation of the machines. Tractors are locked in low gear. start machines, steer and stop them. 19 THEY CAME TO THE FAIR

THE FARMALL FAMILY of Cub, A, C, H and M ttactofs is on display behind the and pulled by Farmall Cub tractors. "Cub-Go-Round" ttack. Amateur photogtaphers, most of them city-reared, get a After the ride, each child was pre­ thrill out of photographing friends and family members sitting in the tractor seats- sented with a membership card in the Farmall Cub club, certifying that he had qualified "as a member of the Farmall Cub club by efficiently operating the Farmall Cub and implements in the field." Chil­ dren ptidefully tucked theii membeiship caids in "Hopalong Cassidy" billfolds oi gave them to theit patents fot safekeeping. The free tiactoi tides were among the most populai attractions at the Fait. In one week mote than 10,000 children had diiven the ttactois around the ttack oi teceived tiailei rides. In the 73 days that the Fail would be open, it was expected that half a million children would become membeis of rhe Faimall Cub club.

THE SEVENTH DAY of the Fait was even mote exciting than opening day. It rained in the morning, it's true, but the weatheiman evidently received a message about impending celebrations, foi at noon the sun bioke thiough and white clouds billowed up in the blue sky. Haivester was host that day to sevetal thousand Flying Farmeis who had flown in from all over the country to help dedicate the Merrill C. Meigs Lakefront aitpott and to visit the Chicago Fail. One of the Flying Faimeis was Aithui Godfrey of radio and television fame, who recently purchased a Farmall Cub tractor for his own personal use when visiting his 700-acre farm near Waterford, Virginia. Godfrey visited the International Har­ vester exhibit, wheie he was presented a "Cubstei" hat and a miniature gold desk­ top Faimall tiactor by IH President John L. McCaffrey. Godfrey then proceeded to prove he was a farmer as well as a flyer by driving a tractor once around the track in low gear, and once around again in reverse gear, waving to the cheering spec­ tators and grinning broadly for the camera­ men. Besides its exhibit, Hatvestei contributed about $30,000 worth of farm and motor truck equipment to be used in the "Fron­ tiers of Freedom" pageant commemorating the progress of industry, science and com­ merce. Part of the batkei's spiel is to invite folks in to see Cyius McCoimick and the fiist leapei. In the pageant an actoi MOST CHILDREN CAN'T WAIT foi their tutn to drive a tractor, don't want to playing the part of Cyrus Hall McCormick get off after their two trips around the track. For most of them, this is walks on stage with a replica of the first their first experience operating a piece of machinery as large as a tractor. reaper, explaining to the first mayor of

20 WATCHING THE CHILDREN'S FACES is a Study in expression. At first they are tense and a little fiightened. After they gain confidence they begin to enjoy themselves. Some of the braver children will even look up from the track to make sure that patents are watching.

CHILDREN WHO ARE TOO SMALL to teach biake and clutch pedals tide in decorated trailers fitted with "paddy wagon" seats. Evety precaution is taken to guarantee safety of the children. THEY CAME TO THE FAIR

"FRONTIERS OF FREEDOM" pageant traces the ptogress of industry, science Chicago, William Butler Ogden, how his and commerce. Since agriculture plays an important part in this story invention will revolutionize agriculture. of progtess, the work of the fatmer is depicted in its many phases. His prophecy is proved correct later on in the pageant when a procession of IH products—Farmall M and H ttactors, a plow, disc, grain drill, beet harvestei, combine, cotton picker, L-Line pick-up tiuck, petroleum and milk transports and a giant crawler tractor—moves majestically acioss the open-aii stage.

THE PAGEANT PLAYS foui times a day to a full house, but the "Cub-Go-Round" plays continuously to a ciowd of children from 10 in the morning until 11 at night. Most often they aie little people who climb into the seats of the Cub tiactois and experi­ mentally guide them around the oval track. But occasionally there is a grownup who can't resist the lute of the untried. And adults become just as pleased as the children when they discover, too, that city people can be at home on a farm tractor.

PAGEANT-GOERS SEE A REPLICA of the first reaper, invented by Cyius Hall McCormick in 1831. In this series of tableaux they witness the tapid strides that have been made in agriculture in the shott span of a hundred and nineteen years.

BEEF ON THE HOOF, and cowboys driving cattle to a roundup, is another scene pictuted in the contribution made by agricultute to our development as a nation.

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IN 1831, THE REAPER! Today, a mechanized agticulture! The farmer's work has been made easier and more productive with the help of ttactor, plow, disc, combine, truck, beet har­ vester and cotton picker—all IH products.

THE TRACTOR IS A behind-the-scenes work horse. The audience sees a horse pull this giant log across the stage, but the tractot pulled it into position. Unseen tractors also pulled boats.

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ONE OF THE CELEBRITIES who visited the Intetnational Hatvester exhibit at the Chicago Fait was Arthut Godftey, who was piesented a Cubster hat and miniature Farmall tiactoi by John L. McCaffiey, piesident of International Hatvester Company. Godfrey uses Cub on Virginia farms. 23 HARVESTER WORLD

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IN ITS FIRST FOUR YEARS, "Harvester Farm"—a complete midwest faim in replica in Chicago's Museum of Science and Industry—has attracted more than five million rural and urban visitors, THE PRIME MINISTERS—St. Lauient, center, and Ali including child acttess, Margaret O'Biien, and Navy Secretary Francis W. Matthews. In a tecent Khan, tight—took paiticular interest in "Harvester celebrity-studded month. Maestro Arturo Toscanini, Canadian Prime Minister Louis St. Lament, and Farm's" dairy barn. Maestro Toscanini, left, expressed Prime Minister Liaquat Ali Khan joined the visiting throngs to view Haivestei's idea of an ideal fatm. his delight with the farmhouse kitchen.

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