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Shearer West Phd Thesis Vol 1
THE THEATRICAL PORTRAIT IN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LONDON (VOL. I) Shearer West A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of PhD at the University of St. Andrews 1986 Full metadata for this item is available in Research@StAndrews:FullText at: http://research-repository.st-andrews.ac.uk/ Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2982 This item is protected by original copyright THE THEATRICAL PORTRAIT IN EIGHTEENTH CENTURY LONDON Ph.D. Thesis St. Andrews University Shearer West VOLUME 1 TEXT In submitting this thesis to the University of St. Andrews I understand that I am giving permission for it to be made available for use in accordance with the regulations of the University Library for the time being in force, subject to any copyright vested in the work not being affected thereby. I also understand that the title and abstract will be published, and that a copy of the I work may be made and supplied to any bona fide library or research worker. ABSTRACT A theatrical portrait is an image of an actor or actors in character. This genre was widespread in eighteenth century London and was practised by a large number of painters and engravers of all levels of ability. The sources of the genre lay in a number of diverse styles of art, including the court portraits of Lely and Kneller and the fetes galantes of Watteau and Mercier. Three types of media for theatrical portraits were particularly prevalent in London, between ca745 and 1800 : painting, print and book illustration. -
The Effects of the Cyclones of 1983 on the Atolls of the Tuamotu Archipelago (French Polynesia)
THE EFFECTS OF THE CYCLONES OF 1983 ON THE ATOLLS OF THE TUAMOTU ARCHIPELAGO (FRENCH POLYNESIA) J. F. DUPON ORSTOM (French Institute ofScientific Research for Development through cooperation), 213 Rue Lafayette - 75480 Paris Cedex 10, France Abstract. In the TUAMOTU Archipelago, tropical cyclones may contribute to the destruction as well as to some building up of the atolls. The initial occupation by the Polynesians has not increased the vulnerability of these islands as much as have various recent alterations caused by European influence and the low frequency of the cyclone hazard itself. An unusual series of five cyclones, probably related to the general thermic imbalance of the Pacific Ocean between the tropics struck the group in 1983 and demonstrated this vulnerability through the damage that they caused to the environment and to the plantations and settle ments. However, the natural rehabilitation has been faster than expected and the cyclones had a beneficial result in making obvious the need to reinforce prevention measures and the protection of human settle ments. An appraisal of how the lack of prevention measures worsened the damage is first attempted, then the rehabilitation and the various steps taken to forestall such damage are described. I. About Atolls and Cyclones: Some General Information Among the islands of the intertropical area of the Pacific Ocean, most of the low-lying lands are atolls. The greatest number of them are found in this part of the world. Most atolls are characterized by a circular string of narrow islets rising only 3 to 10 m above the average ocean level. -
We Are Proud to Offer to You the Largest Catalog of Vocal Music in The
Dear Reader: We are proud to offer to you the largest catalog of vocal music in the world. It includes several thousand publications: classical,musical theatre, popular music, jazz,instructional publications, books,videos and DVDs. We feel sure that anyone who sings,no matter what the style of music, will find plenty of interesting and intriguing choices. Hal Leonard is distributor of several important publishers. The following have publications in the vocal catalog: Applause Books Associated Music Publishers Berklee Press Publications Leonard Bernstein Music Publishing Company Cherry Lane Music Company Creative Concepts DSCH Editions Durand E.B. Marks Music Editions Max Eschig Ricordi Editions Salabert G. Schirmer Sikorski Please take note on the contents page of some special features of the catalog: • Recent Vocal Publications – complete list of all titles released in 2001 and 2002, conveniently categorized for easy access • Index of Publications with Companion CDs – our ever expanding list of titles with recorded accompaniments • Copyright Guidelines for Music Teachers – get the facts about the laws in place that impact your life as a teacher and musician. We encourage you to visit our website: www.halleonard.com. From the main page,you can navigate to several other areas,including the Vocal page, which has updates about vocal publications. Searches for publications by title or composer are possible at the website. Complete table of contents can be found for many publications on the website. You may order any of the publications in this catalog from any music retailer. Our aim is always to serve the singers and teachers of the world in the very best way possible. -
Human Discovery and Settlement of the Remote Easter Island (SE Pacific)
quaternary Review Human Discovery and Settlement of the Remote Easter Island (SE Pacific) Valentí Rull Laboratory of Paleoecology, Institute of Earth Sciences Jaume Almera (ICTJA-CSIC), C. Solé i Sabarís s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; [email protected] Received: 19 March 2019; Accepted: 27 March 2019; Published: 2 April 2019 Abstract: The discovery and settlement of the tiny and remote Easter Island (Rapa Nui) has been a classical controversy for decades. Present-day aboriginal people and their culture are undoubtedly of Polynesian origin, but it has been debated whether Native Americans discovered the island before the Polynesian settlement. Until recently, the paradigm was that Easter Island was discovered and settled just once by Polynesians in their millennial-scale eastward migration across the Pacific. However, the evidence for cultivation and consumption of an American plant—the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)—on the island before the European contact (1722 CE), even prior to the Europe-America contact (1492 CE), revived controversy. This paper reviews the classical archaeological, ethnological and paleoecological literature on the subject and summarizes the information into four main hypotheses to explain the sweet potato enigma: the long-distance dispersal hypothesis, the back-and-forth hypothesis, the Heyerdahl hypothesis, and the newcomers hypothesis. These hypotheses are evaluated in light of the more recent evidence (last decade), including molecular DNA phylogeny and phylogeography of humans and associated plants and animals, physical anthropology (craniometry and dietary analysis), and new paleoecological findings. It is concluded that, with the available evidence, none of the former hypotheses may be rejected and, therefore, all possibilities remain open. -
Oceanic Encounters
Chapter 4 A Reconsideration of the Role of Polynesian Women in Early Encounters with Europeans: Supplement to Marshall Sahlins’ Voyage around the Islands of History Serge Tcherkézoff Europeans have been losing their way in the Pacific from the beginning when early explorers made up for navigational errors by claiming inhabited islands as new discoveries. Never mind that the islanders had simultaneously discovered the explorers, no doubt with a fair bit of despair and surprise, but since it took years for islanders to learn the tiny scratches that the visitors called writing, the European claims had a head start in the history books. (Aiavao 1994) Je n'ai jamais pu concevoir comment et de quel droit une nation policée pouvait s'emparer d'une terre habitée sans consentement de ses habitants. (Marchand 1961, 253) Ethnohistorical work on first and subsequent early encounters between Polynesians and Europeans remained focused on particular archipelagoes, which has meant that comparative hypotheses spanning the entire Polynesian region have not emerged. Moreover, it has been conducted mainly in eastern Polynesia (including Aotearoa), thus leaving aside the western part of the region.1 In this chapter I examine early encounters in Samoa, from western Polynesia, and also reconsider the Tahitian case, from eastern Polynesia, thus building a comparison of the nature of these early encounters across the region. The focus of the chapter is the apparent sexual offers that women made to the newcomers. If we go back to a number of journals written during the early voyages which have still not been studied in as much detail as they deserve, namely La Pérouse's journal and, for Bougainville's expedition, those of Nassau and Fesche,2 we can see that a crucial aspect of these apparent sexual offers ± 113 Oceanic Encounters the ªgirls' very youngº age and their ªweepingº ± has been overlooked. -
Location Indicators by Indicator
ECCAIRS 4.2.6 Data Definition Standard Location Indicators by indicator The ECCAIRS 4 location indicators are based on ICAO's ADREP 2000 taxonomy. They have been organised at two hierarchical levels. 12 January 2006 Page 1 of 251 ECCAIRS 4 Location Indicators by Indicator Data Definition Standard OAAD OAAD : Amdar 1001 Afghanistan OAAK OAAK : Andkhoi 1002 Afghanistan OAAS OAAS : Asmar 1003 Afghanistan OABG OABG : Baghlan 1004 Afghanistan OABR OABR : Bamar 1005 Afghanistan OABN OABN : Bamyan 1006 Afghanistan OABK OABK : Bandkamalkhan 1007 Afghanistan OABD OABD : Behsood 1008 Afghanistan OABT OABT : Bost 1009 Afghanistan OACC OACC : Chakhcharan 1010 Afghanistan OACB OACB : Charburjak 1011 Afghanistan OADF OADF : Darra-I-Soof 1012 Afghanistan OADZ OADZ : Darwaz 1013 Afghanistan OADD OADD : Dawlatabad 1014 Afghanistan OAOO OAOO : Deshoo 1015 Afghanistan OADV OADV : Devar 1016 Afghanistan OARM OARM : Dilaram 1017 Afghanistan OAEM OAEM : Eshkashem 1018 Afghanistan OAFZ OAFZ : Faizabad 1019 Afghanistan OAFR OAFR : Farah 1020 Afghanistan OAGD OAGD : Gader 1021 Afghanistan OAGZ OAGZ : Gardez 1022 Afghanistan OAGS OAGS : Gasar 1023 Afghanistan OAGA OAGA : Ghaziabad 1024 Afghanistan OAGN OAGN : Ghazni 1025 Afghanistan OAGM OAGM : Ghelmeen 1026 Afghanistan OAGL OAGL : Gulistan 1027 Afghanistan OAHJ OAHJ : Hajigak 1028 Afghanistan OAHE OAHE : Hazrat eman 1029 Afghanistan OAHR OAHR : Herat 1030 Afghanistan OAEQ OAEQ : Islam qala 1031 Afghanistan OAJS OAJS : Jabul saraj 1032 Afghanistan OAJL OAJL : Jalalabad 1033 Afghanistan OAJW OAJW : Jawand 1034 -
Law of Thesea
Division for Ocean Affairs and the Law of the Sea Office of Legal Affairs Law of the Sea Bulletin No. 82 asdf United Nations New York, 2014 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Furthermore, publication in the Bulletin of information concerning developments relating to the law of the sea emanating from actions and decisions taken by States does not imply recognition by the United Nations of the validity of the actions and decisions in question. IF ANY MATERIAL CONTAINED IN THE BULLETIN IS REPRODUCED IN PART OR IN WHOLE, DUE ACKNOWLEDGEMENT SHOULD BE GIVEN. Copyright © United Nations, 2013 Page I. UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE LAW OF THE SEA ......................................................... 1 Status of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, of the Agreement relating to the Implementation of Part XI of the Convention and of the Agreement for the Implementation of the Provisions of the Convention relating to the Conservation and Management of Straddling Fish Stocks and Highly Migratory Fish Stocks ................................................................................................................ 1 1. Table recapitulating the status of the Convention and of the related Agreements, as at 31 July 2013 ........................................................................................................................... 1 2. Chronological lists of ratifications of, accessions and successions to the Convention and the related Agreements, as at 31 July 2013 .......................................................................................... 9 a. The Convention ....................................................................................................................... 9 b. -
Question Écrite De Mme TEVAHITUA Relative À L
Courrier déposé le 08/03/2021 à 14:30 sous le numéro 1946/2021/SG/APF Groupe TAVINI HUIRAATIRA Assemblée de 'ISelpnêsie ASSEMBLÉE DE LA POLYNÉSIE FRANÇAISE QUESTION ÉCRITE AU GOUVERNEMENT Mme Éliane TEVAHITUA Représentante à l ’assemblée de Polynésie française N° 44/2021/GTH/CAB/ET/et Taraho ’i, le 8 mars 2021. À Monsieur Édouard FRITCH Président de la Polynésie française Objet : Usucapion par le C.A.MI.CA des îlots de TEMATAGI, VANAVANA, MARIA, MATURAI-VAVAO, VAHANGA, TENARARO et TENANT A ou TENARUNGA En 1836, Edward RUSSELL, un lord et officier de la marine britannique décide de baptiser les îles qu’il observe alors depuis son navire militaire. Ces quatre îlots situés dans l’archipel des Tuamotu à 245 km de l’archipel des Gambier porteront, par le fait du prince, le nom de son navire, l’Actéon. Ainsi ces îles seront désormais connues sous le nom de groupe Actéon ou îles du groupe Actéon. Les premiers occupants de ces terres n’ont pas attendu le passage furtif de M. RUSSELL pour nommer ces quatre îlots qui portent en réalité depuis des temps immémoriaux les noms de TENARARO, TENARUNGA ou TENANT A, VAHANGA et MATURAI-VAVAO. Ces toponymes pau ’motu conservés dans la langue de leurs occupants originels sont la preuve irréfutable que ces terres sont originellement la propriété exclusive du peuple Pau ’motu premier occupant de cet archipel. A cet égard, il convient de rappeler, et ce n’est que leur rendre justice, que ce sont les mêmes descendants du peuple Pau ’motu, qui plantèrent et exploitèrent lesdits motu, sous la férule du père VALLONS dans la seconde moitié du XXerae siècle. -
DIVISION FINDER 2019 Division Finder
2019 COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA 2019 DIVISION FINDER Division Finder Queensland QLD EF54 EF54 i © Commonwealth of Australia 2019 This work is copyright. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced by any means, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, scanning, recording or otherwise, without the written consent of the Australian Electoral Commission. All enquiries should be directed to the Australian Electoral Commission, Locked Bag 4007, Canberra ACT 2601. ii iii Contents Instructions For Use And Other Information Pages v-xiii INTRODUCTION Detailed instructions on how to use the various sections of the Division Finder. DIVISIONAL OFFICES A list of all divisional offices within the State showing physical and postal addresses, and telephone and facsimile numbers. INSTITUTIONS AND ESTABLISHMENTS A list of places of residence such as Universities, Hospitals, Defence Bases and Caravan Parks. This list may be of assistance in identifying institutions or establishments that cannot be found using the Locality and Street Sections. Locality Section Pages 1-43 This section lists all of the suburbs, towns and localities within the State of Queensland and the name of the corresponding electoral division the locality is contained in, or the reference ... See Street Section. Street Section Pages 47-135 This section lists all the streets for those localities in the Locality Section which have the reference ... See Street Section. Each street listing shows the electoral division the street is contained in. iv v Introduction The Division Finder is the official list used to Electors often do not know the correct identify the federal electoral division of the federal division in which they are enrolled, place an elector claims to be enrolled at. -
Multilingualism in French Polynesia: Past and Future
Section VI Multilingualism in French Polynesia: Past and future Multilingualism is in its very essence unstable, as it make it possible to perceive major tendencies for involves living languages whose dynamics depend the next 20 to 30 years, with regard to multi- above all on extra-linguistic factors. This funda- lingualism in French Polynesia. The future of lan- mental instability renders virtually impossible any guages in the country as a whole can only be un- prediction beyond two generations. derstood through an analysis archipelago-by- However, the six years of field research that archipelago, and language-by-language. As we will Jean-Michel Charpentier has just carried out in see, knowledge of the recent history of each region French Polynesia in over twenty different locations will enable us to draw up their future perspectives. The Marquesas In the Marquesas Islands, Marquesan remains the As for the third island, Ua Huka, it was essen- daily language for the majority of islanders. The tially depopulated in the 19th century, before being existence of two dialects, with their lexical and repopulated by both northern and southern Mar- phonetic specificities for each island, does not quesans. This is why the island itself is known un- hinder this fundamental linguistic unity. der two different names, Ua Huka (with a /k/ The 2012 census (ISPF 2012) gave a population typical of the northern dialect) and Ua Huna (with of 9,261 for the archipelago, among which two an /n/ typical of southern Marquesan).63 thirds lived in the Northern Marquesas (Nuku Hiva 2,967; Ua Pou 2,175; Ua Huka 621), and one third The island of Hiva Oa, in southern Marquesas, (3,498 inhabitants) lived in the southern part. -
Toomey-Tahaa-2013.Pdf
Quaternary Science Reviews 77 (2013) 181e189 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Quaternary Science Reviews journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/quascirev Reconstructing mid-late Holocene cyclone variability in the Central Pacific using sedimentary records from Tahaa, French Polynesia Michael R. Toomey a,b,*, Jeffrey P. Donnelly a, Jonathan D. Woodruff c a Department of Geology & Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, MS #22, 360 Woods Hole Rd., Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA b Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA c Department of Geosciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA article info abstract Article history: We lack an understanding of the geographic and temporal controls on South Pacific cyclone activity. Received 7 March 2013 Overwash records from backbarrier salt marshes and coastal ponds have been used to reconstruct Received in revised form tropical cyclone strikes in the North Atlantic basin. However, these specific backbarrier environments are 13 July 2013 scarce in the South Pacific, with cyclone records limited primarily to the period of modern observation. Accepted 15 July 2013 This instrumental record suggests a correlation with the El NiñoeSouthern Oscillation (ENSO), but longer Available online 24 August 2013 records are necessary to test this relationship over geologic timescales and explore other potential climate drivers of tropical cyclone variability. Deep lagoons behind coral reefs are widespread in the Keywords: fi Tropical cyclones Paci c and provide an alternative setting for developing long-term sedimentary reconstructions of South Pacific tropical cyclone occurrence. Coarse-grained event deposits within the sediments of a back-reef lagoon ENSO surrounding Tahaa reveal a 5000-year record of cyclone occurrences. -
PDF Document
To Paradise on Earth The restless life of Jacob Roggeveen, discoverer of Easter Island (1659-1729) by Roelof van Gelder Published by Balans, 2012 Chapter 14 pp. 214–226 Chapter 16 pp. 246-256 Translated by David Doherty From CHAPTER FOURTEEN EASTER ISLAND Anakena On 6 April 1722, the day after De Afrikaanse Galei (The African Galley) had sighted Easter Island, the ships attempted to circumnavigate the island from their position to the south-east. The wind was blowing from the south and Roggeveen was fearful of being wrecked on the lee shore. In the afternoon, the ships dropped anchor off the north coast. Plumes of smoke could be seen rising from various points on the island, a sure sign of human habitation. At the council of ships’ officers that day, Roggeveen proposed dispatching two sloops of armed men to row to the coast. Their mission would be to find a safe place to anchor and to carry out an initial inspection of the island and its inhabitants. The African Galley would provide cover. The proposal was adopted but the next day changeable winds and a lightning storm dashed all hopes of a landing. On the afternoon of 7 April, one of the most remarkable encounters of their voyage to date took place. To their amazement, the crew of the Tienhoven saw a small boat approaching. It was manned by a solitary, naked figure, exclaiming loudly: an inhabitant of Easter Island. Captain Bouman rowed out to meet the boat in a sloop and the islander was brought aboard the Eagle, struggling fiercely.