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Mystery Plane: the P40 T New Member: Jacques Leroux Président Accord Préalable De L’Éditeur

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Mystery Plane: the P40 T New Member: Jacques Leroux Président Accord Préalable De L’Éditeur CONFEDERATE AIR FORCE - FRENCH SUPPORTER SQUADRON Volume 6 - N° 4 Bulletin Mensuel du CAF French Supporter Squadron April 2001 Sommaire Page 6 Association à but non lucratif régie par AIRSHOW est une publication du French Page 1 Spirit of Freedom (End) la loi de 1901, et enregistrée sous le Supporter Squadron de la Confederate Air Editorial Page 7 numéro 2473 au Journal Officiel du 10 Force, Inc - Toute reproduction entière ou Titles and reminders What's new ? Juillet 1996. partielle des textes et illustrations contenus Page 2 Col. Eric Besançon illustrator dans ce bulletin mensuel est interdite sans Mystery Plane: The P40 T New member: Jacques Leroux Président accord préalable de l’éditeur. Col. Bernard DELFINO Page 3 FSS Web Site Ecrire au siège de l’association Vice-Président Mystery Plane: The P40 T Col. Guy Robert sells his T6 Col. Stéphane DUCHEMIN 19 rue de Cannes Page 4 Page 8 Trésorier 93600 Aulnay sous Bois Mystery Plane: The P40 T (End) L Bird Sponsors Col. Christian FREZARD Tél. & Fax : 0148690457 Page 5 Jean-Pierre De Bruyne Secrétaire E-mail: [email protected] Spirit of Freedom Code Name Alpha and the FSS Col. Eric DUCREAU Web Site: http://www.caf-france.com MYSTERY PLANE "FROM P40 TO P38" If you like enigmas, historical enquiries, and other research which require THE STORY AN AIRCRAFT TOO patience, tenacity, method, and cour- age, then our B17 "Lest We Forget" project is for you ! The latest news print- LITTLE KNOWN : THE P40 T ed on this page clearly demonstrate that these qualities pay and bring, sooner or After long months of research, colonel Bernard Delfino is able to tell us later, the success that everyone hopes. the story of the Curtiss P40 T, a revolutionary aircraft that was developed I may be repeating myself, but I can secretly immediately before the war broke out. This amazing article was only congratulate once more our friends who live in the South West area for only possible with the technical collaboration of the Curtiss and Lockheed the extraordinary amount of work they companies, and with the help of the Historical Department of the U.S. Air produce, day after day, to ensure the Force and the Smithsonian Institute. We warmly thank them for their help. success of this project. (Article on pages 2, 3, and 4). Still on the same subject, I have to say that our members' letters of participa- tion are not legion. At the time I'm typing this editorial, and, of course, not count- B17 "LEST WE FORGET" ing our members of the Toulouse area, only eight members have advised me - either positively or negatively - of TOTAL DONATES THE QUANTITY OF their participation. If you forgot to send your letter, please hurry, because you may well be forced to camp and eat GASOLINE REQUIRED BY THE B17 ! sandwiches… This issue of our Newsletter includes, Thanks to colonel Alain Quesney, the TOTAL fuel company has agreed to other than these various news, two donate the quantity of gasoline that will be required by the participation original articles, one of which is particu- of the Association "Forteresse Toujours Volante" B17 to this grand projet. larly interesting since its subject has never been mentioned before in these This donation is worth several tens of thousands of Francs that are to be pages: The Berlin Airlift. Its author is deducted from the total bill for this operation. A very big THANK YOU to the colonel Eric Janssonne who managed TOTAL fuel company for its generosity ! to write a detailed story while avoiding an excess of technical data which are often tiresome. In addition, the beauti- FANTASTIC ! LIEUTENANT HAROLD GNESIN'S ful pictures taken by Jean-Luc Brunet, added to this text, make this article a SISTER HAS BEEN LOCATED AND CONTACTED ! typical example of what we are always looking for. Well done Eric ! When she heard that ceremonies were organized in France to honor her If you like this subject, I can only brother, Bombardier Harold Gnesin's sister was overwhelmed and immediately recommend that you watch the very expressed her wish to participate in the Cornebarrieu events. Mrs. Isabelle good George Seaton's movie, produced in 1950: The Big Lift (French title: La Lesser and her husband will, therefore, be with us to share emotions which Ville Écartelée), with Montgomery Clift will be exceptionnal. and Kirk Douglas in the main roles. It includes a multitude of aircraft of this era, and the story is based on We sincerely than Mrs. Bunty Bateman and colonels Thierry Descamps, a romance that does not hamper the Jacques Péragallo, as well as Fumiko and Bernard Delfino, for the generous whole thing. donations they have made to this opération. We also thank the potential Bernard future Sponsors for their participation. 1 MYSTERY PLANE FROM P40 TO P38 THE P40 T Text and pictures by colonel Bernard Delfino Everyone of you know my preference for the Curtiss P40, still under study. An engineer who worked for Curtiss, a passion which is not limited to the magnificent shape Thomas W. Inn, had the idea of joining two aircraft of this aircraft whose models B and C had a cooler much of the P40 type, with very good results. This "collage" more streamlined than the following types. This passion allowed, amongst others: is not, therefore, only related to aesthetics. It is, above all, the consequence of my admiration for the story of 1) The immediate increase of the size of the wings, and, the american pilots of the A.V.G. who did not hesitate to therefore, the fuel tanks capacity, which avoided the drop everything and join General Claire Chennault, who use of disgraceful external tanks that also created a had been asked by the chinese authorities to completely noticeable increase in drag. recast the military aviation of their country. 2) The possibility to operate with two pilots who would General Chennault was facing a gigantic problem: The fly the plane in turn during raids over considerable chinese pilots were not the best in the world, and the distances. aircraft they flew constituted an incoherent collection of airplanes of all types and all nationalities, mainly 3) The increase of the weight that could be carried, russians, american, italian, and french. This market had and, therefore, an increase armament like bombs, guns, been, year after year, an excellent occasion for these and rockets. countries to make big profits, but with the end result of an Air Force that was evidently unable to resist any attack 4) An engine power that was doubled, and an increase of by the enemy planes. safety, thanks to the use of these two engines. Treating this problem with efficiency, General Chennault 5) The relative simplicity of assembling these two quickly realised that the only short term solution was airframes which already existed, which would result in to obtain modern aircraft and experienced pilots, armed an easy and quick production. with really modern fighters. The war which had already started in Europe, was threatening the USA and Asia. The inconvenience, as compared to the advantages listed All the produced airplanes were already allocated to above, were minimal, and limited to an undeniable loss allied countries, and the difficulty to find suitable fighters of manoeuvrability which was compensated, as we will was great. Fortunately, discussions with the american see later in this text, by the adoption of original and and british authorities were efficient technical improve- concluded by the allocation ments of the airplane flying of one hundred Curtiss P40's controls. that the british had found unsuitable for aerial combat The cost of this study, in the European skies. although reasonable, could History later proved that not be supported by the these planes were simply not Curtiss company alone, used properly, and the pilots since its funds were already of the American Volunteer engaged in the very promis- Group, better known as the ing P40 development pro- Flying Tigers, who fought the gramme. A combined coop- japanese forces won many eration was found with the victories and saved China Lockheed company which from what looked as an inev- had the necessary team of itable disaster. engineers available. The P40 enjoyed an excep- The importance of this tional career during the project, and the technical whole duration of the war, a revolution that came with fact that very few airplanes it, called a complete secrecy can be proud of ! But many of this programme. The lat- Front and plan views of the P40 T prototype that clearly show the aspects of this career are simplicity of this revolutionary plane design. ter was kept so secret that still, today, little known, and even today, the documents it's after a long and painstaking study of the archives available are very hard to find. of the Curtiss and Lockheed companies, and with the help of the US Air Force Historical Department and the The study of the central section of the wing and the Smithsonian Institute, that I can, today, tell you this horizontal stabilizer was relatively fast because the story… engineers decided to give the centre wing the same NACA profile that was found at the root of the external Like every fighter whose design had started before the wings, and they simply gave the stabilizer a symmetrical war broke out, the P40 prototype suffered two main profile. problems: The lack of power of its engine, and a very short range. Increasing the size of the fuel tanks by fit- The first real difficulty was to decide if the aircraft ting external ones had a detrimental effect and amplified weight increase justified the presence of a centre landing this problem because the more powerful engines were gear or not.
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