CleanSeaNet: The EU satellite service for monitoring and surveillance of illegal oil discharges
1 23 January 2008 SeaSAR 2008, ESA - ESRIN
Samuel Djavidnia European Maritime Safety Agency [email protected] Outline
• Legal basis • CleanSeaNet: scope & benefits • CleanSeaNet service cycle • CleanSeaNet results & statistics • Examples: routine monitoring / emergencies 2 • CleanSeaNet within the international context (cooperation) • Future service development Legal basis Mandated by Directive 2005/35/EC of 7 September 2005 on Ship-source pollution and on the introduction of penalties for infringements (entered into force on 1 March 2007)
Article 10 3 Accompanying measures
2. In accordance with its tasks as defined in Regulation (EC) No 1406/2002, the European Maritime Safety Agency shall: (a) work with the Member States in developing technical solutions and providing technical assistance in relation to the implementation of this Directive, in actions such as tracing discharges by satellite monitoring and surveillance; (b) assist the Commission in the implementation of this Directive, including, if appropriate, by means of visits to the Member States, in accordance with Article 3 of Regulation (EC) No 1406/2002. Scope & benefits of EMSA satellite service • European system for detecting oil slicks at sea using satellite surveillance on request of the Commission and all EU and EFTA. • Links into national/regional response chain & strengthens operational pollution surveillance & response for accidental spills: ¾ Routine monitoring of European seas for illegal discharges in co- operation with Coastal States; ¾ Support in case of an accidental spill; 4 ¾ Investigation of pollution ‘hot spots’ and development of statistics. • Sustainability • Cost Sharing ¾ Reduced price for a large amount of images • Cooperation ¾ Mutual benefits for coastal states ¾ Sharing of images and aerial surveillance • European standardised service ¾ All European waters: comprehensive information & easy to compare Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc);
• 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data; 5 • 3. Data acquisition and processing; • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination • 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking; • 7. Post-processing CleanSeaNet users
• 23 Coastal States are currently part of the CleanSeaNet service:
¾ Baltic Sea: FI, SE, EE, LV, LT, PL, DK, DE ¾ North Sea: DE, DK, NO, UK, NL, BE ¾ Atlantic: UK, IE, FR, ES, PT 6 ¾ Black Sea: BG, RO ¾ Mediterranean Sea: ES, FR, IT, SI, MT, CY, EL ¾ NW Atlantic: UK ¾ Norway North: NO CleanSeaNet EU Coverage requirements
7 Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
8 • 3. Data acquisition and processing; • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination • 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking; • 7. Post-processing Synthetic Aperture Radar – SAR Image
• Satellite in use: ¾ ENVISAT ¾ RADARSAT (1+2) ¾ (ERS2)
• Future missions: 9 ¾ ALOS ¾ TerraSAR ¾ Cosmo-Skymed ¾ Sentinel 1a… Satellite maximum service area
Coverage of each point
1.6 ENVISAT 1.4 1.2 y RADARSAT 1/2 1 10 ScanSAR 0.8 Narrow 0.6 RADARSAT 1/2 0.4 ScanSAR Wide Frequency perda 0.2 0 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 35 30 25 Latitude CleanSeaNet EU Planned Images
11 Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data;
• 3. Data acquisition and processing; 12
• 4. Alerting & Data dissemination • 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking; • 7. Post-processing CleanSeaNet: network
Svalbard
Tromsø
Grimstad 13
Fucino Benevento Matera
Azores (from 2008) CSN Processing & Oil Analysis
• ENV & RS1 Raw data -> L0 -> L1 16 bits ¾ ENV WideSwath: 400x400km, 150m resolution ¾ RS1 ScanSAR Narrow: 300x300km, 75m resolution
• Wind & wave processing: SARTooL
• AIS Integration 14
• (Vessel detection)
• Oil analysis: visual / semi-automatic technique (Tromso-KSAT, Matera-Telespazio and Lisbon-Edisoft) Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data; • 3. Data acquisition and processing; 15 • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination
• 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking; • 7. Post-processing CSN product
CleanSeaNet service Alert Notification by email, Tel, SMS, to the responsible Coastal State and neighbouring countries; Oil report for oil spill detected & clean sea
Web browser Low res SAR image, oil report, wind, wave, AIS, plus other layers 16 Database EMSA keeps all information (geotiff high & low res, xml, gml and verification response included, in a database for: - supporting Member States collecting evidence - producing statistics
Within 30 min after satellite overpass (penalties for satellite operators after 30 min) CSN Web Portal
17 18 Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data; • 3. Data acquisition and processing; 19 • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination
• 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA;
• 6. Quality checking; • 7. Post-processing Feedback & verification
Italian Coastguard aerial verification
EMSA CleanSeaNet RADARSAT-1 2007-10-07
20
Oil spills ©MDA/CSA/EMSA 2007 Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data; • 3. Data acquisition and processing; 21 • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination
• 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking; ¾ Timeliness ¾ Completeness ¾ Quality • 7. Post-processing Service cycle: CleanSeaNet: step by step
• 1. Defining Member State coverage requirements (area[s] of interest, frequency, etc); • 2. Planning and ordering of satellite data; • 3. Data acquisition and processing; 22 • 4. Alerting & Data dissemination
• 5. National/Regional verification of possible slicks and feedback to EMSA; • 6. Quality checking;
• 7. Post-processing Post processing • Emergency management, support & reporting (e.g. Kerch Strait);
• Mapping & integration with ancillary data: ¾ Navigation data ¾ Optical r/s data ¾ Ocean colour ¾ SST 23
• Analyse datasets, perform statistics and disseminate reports to EC, EU bodies and MS CSN image ordering per region 450 Special Events, 63 NW Atlantic, 74 400 Atlantic, 241 Norway North, 49 350
300
250 North Sea, 244 24 200
150
100 Baltic Sea, 429 50
Med West, 131 0 Norway Special Atlantic Baltic Sea Black Sea Med East Med Mid Med West North Sea NW Atlantic North Events
Envisat 133 231 8 122 15 68 135 49 74 30 Radarsat-1 108 198Med Mid, 8 53 101 38 63 109 0 0 33
Black Sea, 16 Med East, 223 Allocation of images Source Ordered Allocated Ratio ENV 860 1609 1.87 RS1 660 1118 1.70 Total 1520 2727 1.79
400 369
350
300 289
25 250
215 218 218
200
159 150 140 141 116 118 108 111 100 100 81 80 81
50 36 33 29 16 16 16
0 e UK c en ed rk ta nland Spain w a i Fran German nd Ital al al S F y y s y g um M lovenia i yprus nm Estonia ece ela tu g e e Ir omania S C D Latvia R Norwa Poland Por Bel Gr Lithuania Netherland CSN EU oil spill verifications 2007 Detected 1732 Checked detections 27% Checked 476 Checked confirmed 30% Confirmed 144
26 CleanSeaNet Examples (i)
27
EMSA CleanSeaNet RADARSAT-1 2007-10-07 03:52 UTC CleanSeaNet Examples (ii)
Confirmed oill spill off the coast of Catalunya
EMSA CleanSeaNet ENVISAT-ASAR 2007-11-22 09:58 UTC
Low wind area 28
18km
Possible polluter vessel
© ESA (European Space Agency) /EMSA 2007 CleanSeaNet Operational Support - Emergencies: New Flame To monitor the New Flame incident, 9 scenes were specifically ordered between 5 and 20 September 2007: -6 ENVISAT - 3 RADARSAT1 29
EMSA issued CleanSeaNet briefings to the Spanish Authorities (SASEMAR), to DG ENV (MIC) and DG TREN CSN: the international institutional context • Development of the service: ¾ European Space Agency (ESA): MARCOAST, Data Access ¾ Joint Research Centre (JRC - European Commission)
• Operational cooperation (emergency): 30 ¾ MIC, DG Environment, European Commission ¾ International Charter on Space and Major Disasters – The ‘Charter’ is a mechanism to co-ordinate space based data acquisition and delivery to those affected by a natural or man made disaster anywhere in the world (earthquakes, floods, fires..) – Charter Members –CSA, CNES, ESA, NOAA, JAXA, ISRO… – In the case of a large oil spill in European waters, EMSA will be the focal point for producing Charter Products Improvement & further developments of CSN: Cooperation with JRC
• JRC provides R&D support to EMSA related to oil pollution and is currently developing:
¾ Fully automatic oil spill identification system ¾ Study on the operational use of optical imagery (MODIS) for 31 oil spill detection ¾ Environmental ancillary probability maps as an overlay to CleanSeaNet products
Several MODIS products showing algae blooms Source: http://spg.ucsd.edu/ CleanSeaNet: service development
• In-house capability of combination with AIS (SRIT) (2008). AIS Mediterranean regional server
• Capability of forecasting and hindcasting of spill drift, aging of spills (2008)
• Correlation of vessel tracks and spill movements needed 32
• EMSA service might be the first operational end-to-end service for Member States under GMES
• Service could be further developed for vessel detection/identification by satellite
• Long Range Identification & Tracking ? CleanSeaNet: Advanced products
10:00
10:00 Combination of - Satellite detection 9:00
- Spill drifting 10:00 33 - Vessel tracking 8:00 7:00
9:00 8:00
10:00 9:00
8:00 7:00 Link with vessel tracking systems
SAR, Spill, AIS-vessels
Vessel detection 34
AIS-tracks CleanSeaNet web portal: http://cleanseanet.emsa.europa.eu
First test image CleanSeaNet c) CSA/MDA/EMSA Radarsat 35 11/04/2007