¿iiiimiiiiiiiimmimimmiiim STATEMENT BY SWP CANDIDATES ...... iiiiimifliiu How to Fight Goldwaterism

By Clifton D eB erry The swift repercussions to Goldwaterism symbolize ism and gradualism, the Negro people are moving into Socialist Workers Party Candidate for President the opening of a major shake-up in national political mass action to back up their just demands. To an in­ and alignments. On the surface it appears that the initiative creasing extent Negro freedom-fighters are proclaiming comes from the forces of reaction, that Goldwater is on their right to self-defense against racist violence. Negroes Edward Shaw are demanding a direct voice in government to enforce the prod because a majority of Americans accept his Socialist Workers Party Candidate for Vice President their rights. Their struggle is shaking the whole capitalist tenets. Actually, that is not the case. Widespread concern has arisen over Senator Gold- power structure, from the economic underpinnings to water’s nomination as the Republican presidential candi­ The Goldwaterites are political buzzards feeding on the political and cultural superstructure. date. It stems from the spectacle of a highly-organized, the putrescence of white supremacy. That is made plain Lacking its own independent political vehicle, the lavishly-financed machine crushing all opposition to put enough by the quick withdrawal of Governor Wallace, Negro movement remains unable to directly register its its man across on a brazenly reactionary program. the Dixiecrat standardbearer, from the presidential con­ full impact on national politics. Instead, the struggle In foreign policy Goldwater promises to outdo the test after Goldwater’s nomination. Although Goldwater becomes expressed - in distorted forms that not only fail Democrats in nuclear brinkmanship. He is against Negro embraces ultra-right rabble like the Birchers, that is to meet Negro needs but actually lead them into political demands for full equality. He denies any governmental neither the central feature nor the main support to his traps. Such a trap is now in the making through the responsibility toward the underprivileged and poverty- coalition. Before everything else Goldwaterism is racism. outcry for all-out support to President Johnson, who as stricken, repudiating even the token concessions of the As such, it is the by-product of yet another and increas­ Democratic leader of the Senate upheld and defended Johnson administration. His record and his program are ingly powerful force that is impelling the country toward the Dixiecrats. He is now touted as a “friend” of the anti-labor. social change in a progressive direction. Negroes and of all labor, as the “champion” of peace, A t the same time Goldwater invites racists, labor-haters That primary cause of the developing shake-up in freedom and prosperity. and ultra-rightists into his coalition. He attempts to national political alignments is the determined struggle The record shows, however, that Johnson and the throw a cloak of respectability over Birchers and the KKK. of 20 million Negroes for Freedom Now. Rejecting token­ (Continued on Page 5) THE Harlem Defends Itself MILITANT Against Wagner’s Cops Published in the Interests of the Working People By Robert Vernon NEW Y O R K , J u ly 22 — A rm ed V ol. 28 - No. 28 Monday, Ju ly 27, 1964 Price 10c with nothing more than courage, bottles, bricks, bare fists, and oc­ casional Molotov cocktails, Har­ lem’s residents, provoked by years of savage brutality by New York’s corrupt and racist cops, managed FBI Agents in Mississippi to fight the tactical riot force of the police to a stalemate in three days of demonstrations and open hostilities. Chums o f Racist Cops The immediate cause of the out­ break was the killing on July 16 CLARKSDALE, Miss. — The Negroes in the Delta area in the of a 15-year-old Negro boy, James discovery of two more mutilated past seven months and in none of Powell, by a white police lieu­ bodies of Negro citizens of this the cases has an arrest been made. tenant wearing civilian clothes. terror-ridden stronghold of racists “Most of these murders were H a rle m ch ild re n a tte n d in g a sum-, has prompted new calls for fed­ committed by local police of­ mer school in the Yorkville sec­ eral investigations. Dr. Aaron ficers,” Evers said. He also de­ tion that day were sprayed with Henry, Mississippi NAACP presi­ clared: “The FBI hasn’t been able a water hose by a white building dent, on J u ly 14, called on A tto r ­ to get enough evidence to put any­ superintendent who, the children ney General Kennedy to find out one in jail. You really begin to say, yelled racist slurs at them. who killed Charles Moore, 20, and wonder, what good are they? What Some of the teen-agers chased Henry Dees, 21, and cut their are they doing here?” the super into his building. bodies in two. The lower halves In a letter to FBI Director J. Schoolchildren eyewitnesses re­ of both bodies were found in a Edgar Hoover, Evers expressed port that James Powell, who they river on July 12 and 13. extreme shock at his recent state­ do not believe was directly in­ The mutilated bodies were dis­ ment that “lawlessnes in the_South volved in the dispute with the H A R LE M ITE S SHOT B Y COPS. A wounded man sits propped covered during the continuing is no worse than lawlessness in janitor, ran into the building to against wall while another is attended by passers-by. Police search for Michael Schwerner, An­ the North.” avoid the excitement. Upon emerg­ “ We must feel,” Evers declared, claim the two were shot for causing a disturbance after being told drew Goodman and James Chaney, ing, he was shot twice by Police to “break it up.” the civil-rights workers who dis­ “that when the national director Lieutenant Thomas R. Gilligan, a appeared near Philadelphia, Miss., of the FBI can make statements man who holds 27 citations, includ­ June 22. such as th is the lu n a tics w ho ing some for disarming grown a small knife (3% inches) was a grocery store and flailed night­ Charles Evers, NAACP state would deliberately destroy human men wielding firearms. He was off “discovered” in a gutter in the sticks in all directions, at custom­ field secretary and brother of the life or property are encouraged.” duty at the time and in civilian area. Police refused to let the press ers and employes, young and old,, murdered Medgar Evers, said 14 clo th in g . photograph the “evidence,” and men and women, beating any black Negroes have recently disappeared, Police Chief Ben Collins of The killer, Gilligan, claims the instead a story was planted in the person. Police fired bullets into been slain, or died mysteriously Clarksdale, Miss., who has been boy came at him with a knife. daily press to the effect that the windows of tenements and into the in rural Mississippi. Dr. Henry leading a reign of terror against Witnesses say they saw no knife. victim had left home that morn­ 8th floor of the Theresa Hotel, ing with “two knives” on his per­ said this fate has befallen nine (Continued on Page 3) Subsequently it was reported that abused people on the street, son. (Continued on Page 2) A protest demonstration was or­ An Eye-Witness Account ganized by CORE on Saturday N E W Y O R K night, July 18, in front of a police station in central Harlem to pro­ test this and other cases of police The Battle of St. Augustine savagery and to demand redress. RALLY TO PROTEST Police charged the demonstration, By Henry Gitano cians and he organized for direct infiltrated the police department. yelling, “Arrest those niggers! Get POLICE TERROR Law and order has broken down I had occasion to spend a few mass action. them all!” The CORE spokesmen and organized violence has taken days in St. Augustine during the Dr. Hayling was one of four were arrested on the spot.' IN HARLEM over.” recent racist reign of terror there. Negroes abducted to a Ku Klux The police then went on a ram­ Later in the day Shuttlesworth Getting off the bus, I asked a Klan meeting last September. He page throughout the district, pro­ was knocked to the ground while Speakers: friendly looking white youth the was brutally beaten and then voking rioting which continued in­ leading a wade-in. way to the center of town. At the charged w ith assaulting 350 Klans- to the early morning, with scores I saw an evening march ltd by PAUL BOUTELLE sight of a stranger, he scowled men. His home has been attacked of injuries and some stores Rev. C. K. Steele who organized Rep. Freedom Now Party and replied ominously: “What you twice in the past year, the gun­ smashed and looted. The police the Tallahassee bus boycott. As all going to do down there? You’re fire injuring four Negro youths fired 2,000 rounds of ammunition, the freedom fighters, mostly young Jewish, ain’t you? If you are, you and killing his dog. He is only using all they had. They killed CLIFTON DeBERRY and predominantly women, pa­ Socialist Workers Party Presiden­ might never make it to the Plaza.” now regaining the full use of his one Jay Jenkins who, they raded two abreast through the tial Candidate The man who laid the ground­ right arm following the KKK beat­ claimed, was hurling bricks from Negro quarter, they sang freedom work for changing old St. Augus­ ing. a rooftop, and wounded scores of songs. Then, as the comer was tine is Dr. Hayling, a young Negro A t the Elks Rest, a Negro social others. JAMES SHABAZZ turned on Cordova Street, a signal dentist. He told me that a group center, I met Rev. Fred L. Shut- James Farmer, national director Rep. Organization of Afro-Ameri­ was given and all was quiet. Now of Negro youngsters had asked tlesworth, leader of the Birming­ of CORE, reports seeing a cop can Unity the march was in enemy terri­ him to be their adviser and that ham movement. He told me about shoot a woman in cold blood on tory. The police were out in full he had supported and counseled the reign of terror. “We have ex­ the street. The woman, in panic, MAJOR WILLIAMS force and so were the hoodlums. them . In the sum m er o f 1963, tw o posed the rule of the city by the had merely sought assistance from Director Harlem Community The first greeting consisted boys and two girls, 14 to 16 years Klan and demonstrated the de­ the cops to get a cab, so she could Council on Housing of exploding firecrackers. The old, were sentenced to six months termination of our people to stand leave the area. marchers kept looking straight Fri, July 31, 8:30 p.m. each in a state correctional insti­ up to them. The Klan w ill have Farther also saw cops emerge tution for picketing against lunch- to learn that they’re not going to ahead as the hate-filled crowd of from a car, yell, “Let’s get those counter segregation. He then real­ control the streets. We won’t let hundreds — parallel tp and sep­ niggers!” and wade into a group 116 University Place arated by only a few feet from ized the futility of negotiating be­ mob violence terrorize us and run of Negro youth walking down Autp. Militant Labor Forum hind the scenes with local politi- us out of town . . . The Klan has (Continued on Page 3) 125th St. Other cops stormed into P age T w o THE MILITANT Monday, July 27, 1964 'Long Hot'Negotiations Begin . Harlem Defends Itself Against Cops (Continued from Page 1) people off corners and off the beneath: “WANTED FOR MUR­ For Detroit's Auto Workers Farmer said. In general, the cops island in the middle of the ave­ DER!” These marchers chanted, had themselves a racist orgy. Even nue, thereby precipitating small- “WE WANT JUSTICE!” so loudly By Jim Campbell Uncle Toms caught hell from New scale panics. But after being scat­ that it could be heard for blocks tered by a few charges of this DETROIT, July 19—To quote wage level, 4% would mean a 12- York’s “Finest.” despite the noise of police gunfire type, people began to stand their and sirens. cents-an-hour boost in “costs,” a A t a Sunday protest meeting at the corporations’ public-relations ground and talk back. Panicky figure likely to be considered rea­ the Mt. Morris Presbyterian A t 128 St., the de m on stra tion men, this w ill be “a long hot sum­ cops then drew their pistols and sonable toward a “package” set­ Church, a m ilitant audience called was stopped by a pincers’ move­ fired into the crowd and into the mer” of negotiations with the Uni­ tlem e nt. out for action and even “guerrilla ment of patrol cars. Cops fired air as bottles and bricks came ted Auto Workers. This is their warfare.” James Farmer was red flares into the sky to biing Reuther’s proposals vary from hurtling from all directions. jocular way of saying that al­ company to company but are de­ booed on rising to speak, but was reinforcements. They fired into the crowd, at rooftops, at people though a lot of hot air w ill be com­ signed primarily to extract addi­ heard politely when it became Jamming People tional benefits from the huge pen­ clear he came there to expose the emerging from the subway, and ing from the negotiating chambers The cops broadened the offen­ sion, SUB (supplementary unem­ brutal police force and not to wildly in any direction from which —which isn’t unusual—they ex­ sive, jamming people roughly in­ ployment benefits), and insurance talk Gandhism. Bayard Rustin, a bottles were coming. They were to doorways and bars along the pect a suitable agreement to be funds which have accumulated in vice chairman of the March on unsuccessful in dispersing the avenue, swinging hard with their reached by Aug. 31, the contract- the corporations’ treasuries. These Washington, was booed and jeered m archers. nightsticks and shooting down the propsals would not add more than when he praised turning the other expiration date. avenue and into side streets. As Second Front a pittance to the costs of these cheek and urged the people not to What may be a joke to the boss­ their enemy brought up reinforce­ funds. But auto workers can ex­ fight back. At the same time Brooklyn’s es is no joke to auto workers who, ments by the busload, Harlemites pect to hear a great deal of dema­ ghetto, the Bedford-Stuyvesant unlike their negotiators, work in Like Occupied City began to re-occupy ground taken gogy about them, the better to ob­ area, was opening a second front places which are not air-condi­ by cops who had begun spread­ scure the re lie f-tim e issu.e. All Sunday, Harlem was occu­ against the enemy with a march tioned. In fact summer tempera­ ing out. The cops then sealed off which stopped traffic at Nostrand The relief-time and production pied as if by a foreign power. tures in the plants range from 90 Seventh Ave. to all traffic, from Avenue and Fulton Street and -standards issue is at the core of Helmeted riot cops were stationed to 110 degrees. 125 St. to 135 St. R apid fire and proceeded down to Bedford and the auto workers’ demands. The at all strategic comers and swag­ “ A calm sea a?id a prosperous crashing bottles were heard all Atlantic, swelling in numbers as goal of the men in the plants is to gered in groups down the main voyage” would be a better pre­ streets. The cops waited until eve­ through the evening and night. A it went, and drawing its own share' slow down the assembly line and police helicopter was brought into diction for the negotiations of the ning, however, before resuming of patrol cars and riot cops. to get increased relief form the action the next morning for roof­ UAW with the Big Three (GM, the offensive. By Tuesday, the fourth day, it Ford and Chrysler). The outlook is deadening monotony of “produc­ top reconnaisance. tio n .” Harlem residents had been fil­ had become eminently clear that for some heat but no lightening, if By Monday night Harlem youth ing quietly past the casket of the police effort to quell and paci­ things go according to Hoyle. Ford Speech young Powell all day Sunday, at had gained sufficient experience fy Harlem by brute force and in­ in dealing with the tactical riot Wheel Horses The corporations take an equally a funeral parlor on Seventh Ave. timidation was a complete failure. near 132 St. People began to gath­ force to improve their own tactics If anything, the people of Har­ The “hard bargaining” is being serious view of this demand. Hen­ somewhat. They began to run the ry Ford II, using the occasion of er in the wide avenue as the time lem were learning more each day entrusted to the wheel horses of enemy ragged and wear on his a speech to a recent business con­ of the funeral approached. Riot about the weak spots and tactical the industry and the union, who nerves by engaging him elusively vention in Coronado, Calif., warned cops began to pile up like vul­ responses of the -occupation force; have lots of experience from past tures, further irritating the people at many points at once, even co­ whereas the police were becoming negotiations; for the Big Three— workers'against “undue militancy” ordinating their efforts in some (possibly he had in mind the un­ by their very presence. The police only more panicky, undisciplined Seaton, Denise and Leary, their began the offensive by rushing cases with walkie-talkie radios. and dangerous. counterparts from the union— expected 1961 s trik e ) a ris in g o u t All through the night cops were Woodcock, Bannon and Fraser. of the “myth” of the “doctrine of running this way and that, like Strategic Spots class conflict.” He has phrased This ensemble sets an amicable chickens with their heads cut off. elsewhere as “folklore that says Mounted cops, tear gas, and tone for the summer negotiations. Seeks Cop's Help, high-pressure water hoses were management is the enemy of the Defiant Parade The corporations’ major con­ w o rk e r.” Gets Bullet Instead still being held in reserve. Some cern seems to center on the extent- Ford threatened the auto work­ In the early evening, black firetrucks had been deployed at Mrs. Barbara Barksdale, a of the “costs” of the union de­ ers w ith a “strike” should they re­ youth defiantly paraded through strategic spots. No police dogs had mands. Whether the companies ac­ main resqlute on this issue. He la­ 23-year-old Negro mother, streets in central Harlem, winding been brought out. Riot-control ex­ cept Reuther’s criterion of a 4% bels the demands for some relief on her way home from a rel­ dow n fro m 125 St. to 116 St. L a te r perts, quoted in the daily press, productivity increase is not yet from the pace and monotony of ative’s apartment in Harlem on, small engagements spread all noted that Southern cities shy known. Based on a $3-an-hour the assembly line as “featherbed­ the night of July 18-19, the way to the east side of Harlem. away from indiscriminate gunfire din g .” found herself near the fight­ Fires broke out in trash cans and in dealing with “their Negroes,” two theatres. Trigger-happy cops, considering that tactic too provo­ The companies’ main concern is ing at the corner of Lenox scared Negro Uncle Tom cops be­ cative. production. And 1964 promises to Ave. and 128th St. Not wish­ ing among the worst, bagged sev­ be a record year. A disturbance of Most of New York’s white pop­ ing to become involved, she eral more victims. Every comer the “calm sea” of industrial rela­ ulation had been psychologically looked for a cop to help her taken over by cops was soon re- tions through a strike or a modi­ prepared for this type of police cupied as the cops were diverted WEST COAST fication of “production standards” flag a taxi. A cop came at action by the daily press, which elsewhere. A SOCIALIST EDUCATIONAL would spoil the perspective of re­ her with a drawn gun, took in the past months magnified every CAMP. Aug. 29 through Sept. 7. Fifty cord profits. careful aim and shot her in A t 11 p.m. a defiant demonstra­ instance of racial conflict and en­ miles south of San Francisco. Magnifi­ the groin. tion swung down 125 St., in the gaged in an orgy of slander and cent site. All facilities for a relaxed and Modest Demand “You shot me, you shot very faces of scared cops shooting lies against Harlem in the in­ pleasant vacation. Reservations must be Worked out on a weekly basis, over the demonstrators’ heads, and famous “blood-brothers” hoax. made in advance. In San Francisco, call me,” she cried. The cop the relief-time demand would proceeded up St. Nicholas Ave. On Tuesday, the Johnson ad­ VA 4-2321; in ' Oakland, call 444-8012; looked at her and said: “W ell, T h is m arch in clud ed ove r 1,000 in Los Angeles, call AN 9-4953. mean a 35-36 hour week within a lay down and die then.” ministration took its first steps 40-hour work span. This is a mod­ people, mostly youth. Their ranks in the undeclared war against “That cop shot me inten­ est enough demand compared to extended across the entire width Harlem with the threat of federal tionally,” she told reporters, of the street. They held aloft new­ DETROIT the demand of a 30-hour work troops and FBI intervention — not week at 40 hours’ pay. “I think he was hating all of ly printed posters bearing a photo to protect the people of Harlem THE C1A^-AN INVISIBLE GOVERN­ of Lieutenant Gilligan, the killer MENT? Speaker, Paul Lodico. Fri., July It w ill be instructive to watch us Negroes when he did it.” from the brutes in uniform, but of young Powell, with the words to do the job the cops are no 3 11 8:30 p.m. Debs Hall, 3737 Wood­ Reuther’s wriggling and maneu­ ward. Ausp. Friday Night Socialist vering to get around this demand. longer able to perform. Thus, Forum As always, he w ill rely upon the Johnson, Rockefeller, and Wagner, * * * most conservative moods among the darlings of the liberals, line up HEAR SOCIALIST VIEWS ON RA­ Carolina Vote Drive Defies Klan the workers. His success in get­ in solid array against the black DIO. Every Monday, 7:15-7:30 p.m. people of the Northern ghettos. Station WQRS-FM (105.1). ting around the issue w ill depend ENFIELD, N. C. — A 17-foot- cade and rally here and traveled upon the degree to which these tall, elght-foot-wide fiery cross into Negro neighborhoods in an conservative moods continue to be blazed as a calling card of the attempt to spread fear and terror. LOS ANGELES dominant. While cracks in the Ku Klux Klan outside the home The cross-burrting was aimed equilibrium of class relationships of a Negro school teacher and principally at Mrs. A. Reed John­ Malcolm X Blames FRIDAY, AUGUST 7 — CAN GOLD- WATCR W IN? Speaker, Leslie Evans, are appearing in the plants, as yet civil-rights leader here July 4. This son who, with her husband, is one N.Y. Police Tactics the general mood among auto of the active Readers of the Hali­ Southern California Chairman of the was the latest incident of mount­ Malcolm X, in Cairo, Egypt, Young Socialist Alliance. 8:30 p.m. workers—reinforced this election ing racist activity in Halifax fax Voters Movement. Mrs. John­ Militant Labor Forum, 1702 E. 4th St. year by UAW brass’ coalition with C ounty. son, who recently lost her teach­ for the meeting of the Or­ » * * the capitalist politicians of the On J u ly 2, robed K K K m em bers ing job due to her civil-rights ac-' ganization of African Unity, Theodore Edwards presents a Marxist Democratic Party—remains one of — several of them masked and tivities, is suing a number of said July 20 that the fighting view of the news in his bi-weekly radio making concessions. carrying guns — staged a motor- county officials in an effort to re­ in Harlem was caused by commentary, August 4, 7:45 p.m. (Re­ gain her position. “outright scare tactics used by peated August 5, 9 a.m.), KPFK-FM One of these officials is Joe New York police. Malcolm (90.7 on your dial). Branch, school-board attorney, said New York police for­ who is also state campaign man­ Mass Arrests Hit Dosten CORE m erly used “wiser methods” By Bay Wooden ager for Klan-supported Demo­ NEW YORK cratic Party nominee for governor, than cops in most U.S. cities RALLY TO PROTEST TERRORISM OF BOSTON—The local chapter of five and ten dollar bills. Other Dan K. Moore. in racial matters, but that N. Y. POLICE IN HARLEM. Speakers: CORE demonstrated against hiring CORE members picketed outside Mrs. Johnson has also been under Police Commissioner Paul Boutelle, representative of the policies of the Hayes-Bickford while the “jam-ins” were taking harassed by threatening phone Michael J. Murphy “tactics Freedom Now Party; Clifton DeBerry, restaurant chain. The demonstra­ place. calls. have changed.” “This won’t Socialist. Workers Party candidate for tion resulted in 27 arrests, the A t a fourth Hayes-Bickford rest­ President; James Shabazr, representative The opposition of both capital­ work,” he continued, “be­ first mass civil-rights arrest in aurant in Harvard Square, seven of the Organization of Afro-American ist parties in North Carolina to cause the Negro is not afraid. Boston. CORE claims the restau­ people were arrested for trespass­ granting Negroes their constitu­ Unity; Major Williams, director of If the police tactics are not Harlem Community Council on Housing. rant chain has hired only a few ing when they refused to leave tional rights was noted by Dur­ Fri., July 31, 8:30 p.m. 116 University Negroes and has no Negroes in its after forcing the restaurant to ham’s Negro newspaper, the C aro­ changed, this could escalate PI. Ausp. Militant Labor Forum. managerial training program. close. A chanting picket line re­ lina Times, when it pointed out into something very, very * * • Concentrating on three restau­ mained outside to keep the place editorially that the Republican sérious.” FRIDAY, AUGUST 7 — BRAZIL AND rants, the demonstrators forced closed. candidate for governor also op­ Malcolm went to the OAU their closing by monopolizing the Declaring the pickets had “made THE CHILEAN ELECTIONS: The Com­ posed any federal intervention in meeting to ask the assembled ing Showdown in Latin America. Speaker, booths and counter space. The man­ their point,” the police ordered behalf of Negroes’ rights or safety. Jay Garnett, staff writer for The Mili­ ager of each summoned police and them to disperse. Reluctance and “ It now appears,” said the C aro­ heads of state of 34 indepen­ tant. dent Afircan nations to bring • » « held a conference w ith ther4. The outright refusal resulted in 20 lina Times, “that both [Republi­ police then told the demonstrators more arrests. Some of those ar­ the denial of human rights FRIDAY, AUGUST 14 — THE MEAN- can] Preyer and [Democrat] rested were bystanders. A ll were ING OF THE GOLDWATER NOMINA­ to place their orders or leave. Each Moore are two evils . . That is to Afro-Americans before the TIO N. Speaker Tom Leonard, contribu­ demonstrator thereupon ordered a charged w ith trespassing and dis­ a statement which can be gen­ UN. tor to The Militant. cup of tea or Coffee and paid with turbing the peace. eralized on a national scale. Monday, July 27, 1964 THEMILITANT Page Thro»

• • • Battle of St. Augustine This Civil-Rights Marcher

(Continued from Page 1) were asked to stand and received the marchers — made threatening a loud ovation. This was followed Couldn’t Stand Rockefeller gestures while screeching, “K ill by the organization of a car pool the black apes” and — to a white for the next day’s wade-in. By Tom Brewer, M.D. man who had a Negro lady for Since St. Augustine is com­ SAN FRANCISCO — On July a march partner — “Look at that pletely dependent on tourism, the 12 I marched with 35,000 down white nigger! White trash! Whats- civil-rights demonstrations have Market St. from First St. to the amatta can’t ye find a white effectively shattered the local Civic Center. I carried a picket woman to sleep wid?” ■ economy. Besides this, Washing­ sign: “U.S. Get Out of Vietnam Acid was hurled in the face of ton is undoubtedly embarrassed by — Intervene in Our South,” and a 14-year-old Negro girl and a the world attention focussed on I held it up above my head and number of marchers were beaten. this symbol of our civilization. turned it from side to side so These assaults could easily have Thus there is great pressure for people on both sides of the street been prevented had the police some arrangement. could see it. One plump lad with dispersed the hooligans inside the A t M onson’s, the m otel w here a large Goldwater-for-President plaza. A racist attempted to yank 239 integrationists have been ar­ button on his business suit’s lapel a white marcher from the line rested, I talked with manager snarled at me; “Communist trai­ and a Negro march captain block­ James Brock, who a few days tor!” I advised him to seek psy­ ed the attempt by placing his own earlier had slushed acid at a group chiatric help but I’m sure he body between them. The Negro of ihtegrationists in the swimming won’t — in fact as I think of it was arrested. pool. Brock has been a sometime now that was poor advice since Seated on the platform of the spokesman for those who favor at the national American Medical First Baptist Church at a mass negotiations. From behind a py­ Association convention here at the m ee ting June 22 w e re some of ramid of cannonballs on his desk, end of last month, a poll showed the wounded freedom fighters. he gave me a “moderate” line. over 80 per cent of the physicians These casualties in the liberation “I’m not a John Bircher. I’m supporting the conservative sen­ war told their stories. Young Mrs. Rev. Fred Shuttlesworth not a member of the Klan. I don’t ator from Arizona. Elaine Evans from a jazz-musician carry hatred in my heart for any­ The line of marchers was pretty fam ily on the West Coast, whose Bancroft. The following day he body. We had no difficulty until quiet at first, being made up of nose had been fractured in two this fellow Hayling came in. All Democrats for the most part was arrested at Dr. Hayling’s of­ discrimination was stamped out places, offered her witness: these outside agitators have set where I was — people with signs fice accused of assault with a and how bad Barry Goldwater “Everything seemed calm at the back the harmonious relations be­ w h ic h said: “ V ote N O on 14,” deadly weapon at the time he would be and is. Nobody was beach. The police and the camera­ was’ clubbed by the police. tween the races by 20 years. After which is a reference to the ini­ worried about the colored children men were there, I felt pretty safe. This follows the pattern of local they are gone the races can live tiative to repeal the Rumford Fair being napalmed in Vietnam or the Then this man tried to hold my justice. For example, on June 20 together peacefully. I’ve been Housing Act up to the voters this threat of war with China — but head under water. When I got up a racist attacked an integration- raised in a free society — this is year. I looked far up ahead and I don’t blame them — their strug­ he punched me in the face.” ist who swam at the beach; both a further encroachment of the so­ saw a sign demanding that the gle is a hard one. I blame the Peter Bancroft, a young white the attacker and his victim were cialist trend.” FBI get to work in Mississippi by white people there, the Democrats New Englander is spending part arrested. Bond for the peaceful the “Parents of Civil Rights Work­ “Harmonious Relations” and liberals, who don’t have to of his school vacation supporting demonstrator was set at $1,000; ers in Mississippi.” I think they’re put up with racial discrimination the struggle. His head was shaven for the racist assailant it was $25. I returned to the Negro area in their rights to demand protec­ — they should be thinking about and bandaged, his face beaten, his Mrs. Peggy Maul, the lone white and talked with those who were tion for their idealistic young peo­ smashing the “harmonious rela­ those other just as real and just eyes blackened. A few days earlier resident of St. Augustine to par­ ple but I wonder if they realize as important aspects of the world­ racists attempted to drown him ticipate in the freedom marches, tions” based on the Negro serving how much violence, both physical wide racial discrimination prob­ and clubbed him on the head with was there with her four children. as a door-mat for the whites. and emotional, has been dealt out The Elks Rest, a two-story wood­ lem . a wooden two-by-four. She had received 35 threatening to millions of people in the past I noticed a commotion behind He described his experience phone calls that day and her en frame structure in the heart few hundred years there in the with the law-enforcement officers house was surrounded by a segre­ of the Negro community, serves South and all over the country. me at the edge of the mass of at the beach: “Four state police as a social center. On the second people; I thought it was a fight gationist gang. Emergency hous­ Freedom Chant pushed me between two cars and ing for Mrs. Maul and her chil­ floor a group was improvising but somebody went over and came I started a human-rights chant clubbed me. In the police car, the dren was found. jazz numbers. Cots wer^ piled back and said, “ It’s Nelson Rocke­ that we’ve been using a lot here police worried about my blood Those just released from jail against the wall; freedom fighters, feller.” In a few minutes he came getting on their seat, but they whose home is the Movement, live in the struggle with Mel’s Drive- striding along surrounded by didn’t care about the wound on here. Since mass arrests have put In, the Sheraton-Palace Hotel, and about 15 men all very neat in my head w ith blood streaming out. many local activists behind bars, the Cadillac Agency: “What do business suits. He was smiling that They told me to drip the blood ... FBI in Miss. reinforcements have been brought you want?” And a few voices an­ eating grin of the wealthy aristo­ on the floor. I understand they in. swered, “Freedom!” “When?” I crats who become governors and w ill have to get new seat covers. (Continued from Page I) Downstairs, where there is a shouted. “Now!” they answered, celebrities and eat well all their The hoodlums yelled ‘white nig­ civil-rights workers, is • quoted in lounge and lunch counter, I spoke and after a few more times a big lives. ger’ — they thought they were the July, 13 New York Times as with 18-year-old Roland Abney of voice was created. So then I went Some Celebrities saying that the FBI has not both­ insulting me, but I felt proud Savannah. He has been jailed nine on to Jim Crow — Must Go, Seg­ The next thing I know, Jackie ered him about charges made by' when they called me that. All I times for participating in sit-ins, regation — Must Go, Discrimina­ Robinson, one of the first Negroes civil-rights leaders. “The FBI answered was ‘God forgive you.’” marches and demonstrations. I tion — Must Go and then Gold­ to make it into the celebrity class, comes in here every day,” said The police weren’t finished with asked what his . thoughts were water — MUST GO! came in is up on the platform introducing. Collins, “ and we have coffee every when engaging in these direct ac­ really strong. Police Dogs — Must Nelson as the greatest friend the day. We’re good friends.” tions. “I wonder whether I’m go­ Go, Police Brutality — Must Go, Negro people have ever had in At a news conference in Jack­ Socialist Addresses ing to get hurt or maybe killed,” Bombed Children — Must Go, their struggle for civil rights. He son, Miss., July 10, FBI Director he replied. “I think about the way Goldwater — MUST GO! introduced Mrs. Rocky first — Hoover declared: “We most cer­ Finnish Federation the whites look at you. I’m scared, It seemed strange to me that how she got up there I don’t tainly do not and will not give but something within me tells me they came through strongest on know; she didn’t come in with Everett Luoma, Socialist Work­ protection to civil-rights workers, to keep going. It’s faith in what this political note. And I was him. And then he got up and be­ ers Party candidate for U.S. Sena­ In the first place, the FBI is not you are doing.” scheming in my mind such things gan the “Thank God, we have a tor from Minnesota, was one of a police organization. It is purely Responsible Man as Johnson — Must Go, Pentagon the speakers at a summer festival an investigative organization. The free America where people can — Must Go, CIA — Must Go, before 300 people in Virginia, M in­ protection of individual citizens During mass actions captains gather to protest” [their lack of Cold-War — Must Go, Nuclear freedom?] . . . and he went on nesota, July 11. Virginia is a min­ either natives of this state or patrol the group. Mr. Abney is Bombs — Must Go, Curtis LeMay and on and on. ing toWn in the depressed Iron [those] coming into the state is a one of them. I asked what the — Must Go, McNamara — Must Range region. The festival was matter for the local authorities. duties are. “The captain is re­ It was sickening; I wonder how Go, but I realized it would only sponsored by the Minnesota Fed­ The FBI will not participate in sponsible for the people nearest the colored people, the Spanish­ be a parrot trick for them. I eration of Finnish Civic Clubs. A any such protection.” h im . I f you see someone’s going to speaking people in Venezuela realized what a long and hard road large percentage of the audience get hit, you jump in front and would take it — these people in lies ahead for those of us who reads Luoma’s articles regularly in GREENWOOD, Miss.—One hun­ take the licks. The most impor­ this crowd clapped wildly for the want to see sanity and reason, the Finnish newspaper, In d u stria - dred and eleven people were ar­ tant thing is to protect the women, RICH MAN. I kept thinking how human understanding and com­ lis ti, published in Duluth. rested here in Freedom Day because the Klansmen w ill beat he w a nts to sell thermonuclear passion come into our national Publicity for the meeting sug­ dem on stra tion s' J u ly 16. Several the women to make us fight, so weapons to the Nazis in West political life. But I know there gested the possibility of a de­ hundred persons marched to the we protect them w ith our bodies.” Germany, and other dark thoughts are a growing number of our peo­ bate between senatorial. candi­ Greenwood Courthouse to attempt Miss Jackie Eubanks of St. about how high finance-capital- dates. The Democratic incumbent, to register to vote. Those carrying Augustine, a lively 17-year-old ple fed up with the inept and ir­ ism exploits people all over the Eugene McCarthy, did not show picket signs protesting the state’s high school student, has been responsible leadership of the two globe. up or send a spokesman, but discriminatory voter tests were jailed twice. She led 350 students big bouregois political parties. I came to march for racial Wheelock Whitney, the Republican arrested under the state’s uncon­ away from Murry High School There were a lot of people there equality here and around the candidate, appeared. He praised stitutional anti-picketing law. (Lo­ last March after a student had from the Christian churches in earth and I had to listen to Mr. the owners of the mining com­ cal whites have been picketing a been expelled for leading another town; they had on buttons about Capitalism; it was too much so panies as really “common people downtown movie theatre every action; “We felt that since the civil rights with a cross on them. we worked our way out of the who also save their money for a day this week, unhindered by the students were not as yet coming to Strange, isn’t it that they’ve had crowd and left. There were two rainy day” and left immediately authorities.) the meetings, we would take the so many years to solve this basic members of the Black Muslims after his speech. Those who offered passive re­ action to the school, and we won.” problem of world brotherhood, the on the edge of the gathering sell­ Speaking in both Finnish and sistance were dragged and beaten. Cecil Arnold, also from St. Au­ problem of racial antagonisms, in g Muhammad Speaks; I k n e w English, Luoma told the audience One woman, eight months preg­ gustine, was reading a N a tio n a l and they’ve failed. I believe their they would never applaud Rocke­ that trusting any of the candidates nant, was dragged by a cop hold­ G eographic when I introduced failure has been due to their feller and I felt a little better. I of the bosses to deliver on their ing a billy club against her neck, myself. He is 21 years old, tall and failure to understand the nature bought the first issue of A fro - promises was like blieving in San­ strangling her. Another woman, lithe, a veteran of three years w ith of the class struggle — their American Dignity News fro m a ta Claus. “Maybe it is about time protesting the mistreatment of her army airborne and three jailings preachers are paid by their busi­ handsome young man across the we learned that Santa Claus either sister, was grabbed by a highway in the fight for equal rights. He ness m en. street. We walked on down McAl­ does not exist or does not give a patrolman who yelled: “Arrest told me how he wound up in jail. We made it to the Civic Center lister St. for three blocks and I damn for us,” he said. that bitch.” When she spit in his “ I was lying-in at the St. George singing “The Battle Hymn of the could still hear the oily, smug, The Socialist Workers Party, he face, she was pushed into the van pharmacy. We thought that if they Republic” and gathered around a patronizing (it is so good of the said, doesn’t believe in Santa Claus and beaten with a billy club. wotildn’t serve us at the counter, platform to hear some of the na­ great man to come out here to but does believe that workers Stokely Carmichael, Student maybe they would serve us on tional leaders of the civil-rights give us his precious time) voice should organize politically and Nonviolent Coordinating Commit­ the floor. I served 40 days. It took movement — Ralph Abernathy, reverberating between the city’s fight for their own interests. He tee field secretary for Greenwood me out of college, but I made it James Farmer, John Lewis and A. buildings . . . urged the audience to vote for and Leflore County, was arrested up. I was in the stockade chain Philip Randolph. They said what . . and the R e pu blican P a rty DeBerry and Shaw, the SWP pres­ when he attempted to protect a gang. It was pretty rough, but I you’d expect them to say about w ill stand by the Negroes, my idential ticket, and for himself for girl from a cop who was shocking always kept my purpose in mind. the struggle and how they fellow Americans, to the bitter Senator. her with an electric cattle prod. I expect to be in jail again.” wouldn’t stop .fighting until all end.” Page Four THE MILITANT Monday, July 27, 1964 Goldwater's Victory Beginning of End THE MILITANT Crisis of Two-Party System Editor: JOSEPH HANSEN Managing Editor: GEORGE LA VAN Business Manager: KAROLYN KERRY By Tom Kerry strength of the opposing gTOups) Published weekly, except during July and August when published bi-weekly, Spokesmen for what the Gold- were in the nature of pathetic ap­ by The Militant Publishing Ass'n., 118 University PL, New York 3. N.Y. Phone waterites stigmatize as the “East­ peals to spice the platform with CH 3-3140. Second-class postage paid at New York, N.Y. Subscription: $3 a year; ern Establishment” are agonizing Canadian, $3.80; foreign, $4.50. Signed articles by contributors do not necessarily liberal rhetoric. But Goldwater over the threat to the viability of represent The Militant’s views. These are expressed in editorials. contemptuously denied the “lib­ the two-party system involved in the capture of the Republican ParT erals” even this fig leaf to cover Vol. 28 - No. 28 » 3 4 5 Monday, July 27, 1964 ty by the upstart from Arizona their nakedness. and his band of ultras from the Goldwater answered the ques­ political hinterlands of America. tion of which road to power long They reason that the Goldwater The Liberal Politicians and Harlem before the convention by categor­ nomination based on an “unreal­ The attempt by New York Mayor Robert F.^ Wagner’s cops to istic” right-wing philosophy, policy ically affirming: The Republican repress the people of Harlem by brute force and open violence is and program, w ill lead to so over­ Party cannot win the election not a sudden reflex. These police m ilitary tactics are well thought whelming a landslide for the John­ without the South! His actions and out and known in advance in top governmental circles. They thus son Democrats that the Republican pronouncements on the Civil had the approval and sanction of Mayor Wagner, Governor Rock­ Party could be reduced to a polit­ Rights Bill were tailored to fit efeller and President Johnson. ical splinter, thus creating a va­ this axiom. He proceeded from the cuum in which rival parties could premise that so long as the Dem­ 1 A s the New York Times reported on July 20: “In theory, the ocratic Party was able to preserve Police Department was fully prepared several months ago for the arise whose challenge to the ex­ isting order would be of a more its coalition of Dixiecrats, organ­ riot. Police Commissioner Michael J. Murphy and his staff had fundamental character than that ized labor, the big city machines brought their riot-control plans up to date in the light of pre­ of the bi-partisan safety valve and the Northern Negro bloc, the dictions of a Tong hot summer’ of agitation.” hitherto provided by the tradi­ Republicans were doomed to re­ The real issue here is not merely one of police brutality and tional loyal opposition of the Re­ main a minority party. publicans. anti-Negro prejudice which could be solved by some sort of “im ­ Southern Opportunity proved understanding” between Harlem residents and the police. The Goldwater pundits argue The simple truth is that the police are assigned the “thankless” that the interest of the American Goldwater saw in the civil- two-party system can best be class as a whole, both major par­ rights explosion an opportunity to task of enforcing law and order in an unjust, illegal, and criminal served by offering the voters a ties quickly close ranks in defense wean the racist South away from social system. They are, for example, ordered to force people to genuine choice between what they of the “free-enterprise” system of its traditional support of the pay rent, but not to force landlords to repair rat-infested build­ call “conservatism” and me-too labor exploitation and minority Democratic Party. W ith the assas­ ings. The police carry out their orders. They cannot expect to be “liberalism.” Or, as they put it, oppression. A ll of the verbal bom­ sination of Kennedy, the Gold­ loved by the victims of the oppression they enforce. the people want “a choice not an bast to the contrary there is no water perspective seemed doomed. While the liberals like Wagner, Rockefeller and Johnson echo.” real issue of “principle” dividing The elevation to the office of pres­ claim to be friends of the Negro (that is, friends of the Negro the two parties or their candidates. ident of a Democrat from Texas, Worry Well-Founded Both serve the same master. In whose record on civil-rights was middle class), it is abundantly clear that they are hateful enemies fact, it is due primarily to the in the tradition of uncompromis­ of the working-class black people in the overpopulated ghettos of This concern over the preser­ vation of the two-party system is absence of a mass independent ing Dixiecrat resistance, appeared iiew York, Chicago, Detroit, Philadelphia, Birmingham, Wash­ well founded. The system has political organization of labor and to write finis to the Goldwater ington, Atlanta and other urban centers. served the American capitalist the Negro people that today per­ candidacy. The civil-rights bill and the “friendship” for Negroes of ruling class admirably well. Un­ mits the contending sections of Especially since the amazing Mr. Northern liberals are totally irrelevant to the problems of auto­ der it Big Business, which dom­ the capitalist class acting through Johnson, taking the bit between mation, worsening chronic unemployment, police brutality, denial inates both major capitalist par­ their political agents, to indulge in his teeth, raced hither and yon of decent education, abominable housing, rent gouging, rat bites, ties, has perpetuated its power and the luxury of a heated family over the national landscape prom­ q u a rre l. cockroaches, low-quality and high-priced food, and lack of in­ privileges by siphoning discontent ising all things to all men. In onto the strictly circumscribed dependent political power, which are the real problems faced by Another factor that cannot be Georgia, the Texas windbag re­ arena in which all fundamental ignored is the burning fever for ceived what was reported as the black people in the urban centers. issuesi^re submerged in the^sound the spoils of electoral victory that largest mass welcome ever ac­ Capitalist society has nothing whatever to offer these black and fiXry of sham battle between .animates the party stalwarts of corded a president of these United people— except exploitation. Capitalist politicians, including the Tweedledee and Tweedledum. both political machines. Hell hath States. Labor fell into line with­ liberal variety, can only seek to repress the ghettos, because cap­ It would be a mistake, however, no fury like the rage of frustrated out missing a step. The conserva­ italists—including the liberal ones—grow rich off that exploita­ to consider the conflict a mere ward heelers long deprived of the tive Negro leaders, entertained at tion and don’t intend to give up their gravy. The black people of exercise in deception. The capital­ solace of pelf and patronage that the White House, were complete­ the ghetto are no longer satisfied with empty promises. They are ist class is not homogeneous. It is cpmes with government office. ly beguiled by Johnson’s dema­ not frightened any more. So the capitalist politicians must resort divided by sectional, economic and The past few decades have been gogic charm. And Big Business, especially its Wall Street branch, to brute force to repress the growing demand for justice. And the material interests and is often lean years for the national Re­ sharply split over policy ques­ publican Party. Which road to wallowing in lush profits of his­ libera] capitalist politicians w ill cite their “friendship” with some tions which find expression w ith in political power? That, in essence, torical magnitude, eagerly clasped Negro “leaders”—as they move to drown the working-class black each of the two major parties as was the key issue which divided Johnson to their bosom. Along ghettos in blood. well as in conflict between them. “liberal” from “conservative” at with Walter Reuther and George “Leaders” who are interested solely in concessions within the However, these differences are the recent Republican convention. Meany there were added the fcapitalist system for their own middle-class interests are worse fought out within the rigid frame­ The rest was so much window names of hitherto staunch Repub­ than useless to the black masses. They were worse than useless work of maintaining and preserv­ dressing. All of the so-called licans like Henry Ford, Morgan Guaranty Trust, etc., etc. in the defense of Harlem against the police repression of the re­ ing the existing social order. amendments to the Goldwater Whenever confronted by a threat cent days. And they are worse than useless for organizing the platform (where they were not Discordant Note to the interests of the capitalist just trial balloons to test the revolutionary political struggle which is required to win justice, It was an amazing performance decent housing, jobs, and human dignity for .the black working- — while it lasted. There was, class. MOVIE REVIEW however, one discordant note. With all his demagogy Johnson could not cajole the Negro struggle for civil rights into quiescence. No The Workers’ Struggle amount of liberal verbiage could dampen this irrepressible conflict. T h e O r g a n iz e r . Starring Marcello chological, as well as prejudices, Nor could the siren promise of Mastroianni. Directed by Mario stand between them and a victory. civil-rights legislation curb the Monicelli. Italian dialogue, Eng­ They have to be able to provide m ilitant demand for Freedom Now lish subtitles. for their families during the fight; which can no longer be derailed Contrary to its title, this film they have to overcome racial- or diverted by the meager crumbs is not the story of one man whose national divisions among them­ of tokenism. North and South, the unique abilities enable him to selves; they have to bury the myth Negro struggle for equality mount­ Once again The Militant Army writes that they hadn’t realized bring a struggle to victory. It is of female inferiority to get the ed in intensity. This inevitably goes over the top in the drive for the d riv e ended J u ly 15. T hey w a n t first and foremost a tale of the maximum participation of the brought the federal administration new readers. Our final 3,000 to continue with their sub work working people’s fight for a better women workers; and they have to into collision with the more ag­ scoreboard shows 3,573 new sub­ which includes a trip to Akron. life in an Italy whose bourgeois steel their ranks against any faint­ gressive Dixiecrat wing of the scribers but this is not the whole When all reports are in and a nationalist leaders had raised their heartedness. Democratic Party. story. Because of important elec­ final count is taken we expect it hopes in the wars for national Only in this context does the When the unspeakable Wallace tion campaign work, two impor­ to reach the figure of 5,000. unity, but who had let them down role of “the organizer” have mean­ of Alabama, in his Democratic C ity Quota Score tant areas, Detroit and the Twin when it came to fulfilling them. ing. Shown as a real human being, primary election campaigns in Cities, were not able to concen­ Chicago 1,000 1,683 with the shortcomings of his mid­ Wisconsin, Indiana, Maryland and The sweatshop conditions of the trate on getting subscriptions. N ew Y o rk 600 637 dle-class upbringing, he belongs to Illinois, running on an open white- industrial revolution in the textile They will continue their cam­ D e tro it 500 325 the idealistic generation of so­ supremacist platform, piled up a mills of Italy are vividly por­ paigns through August and we are C leveland 150 280 cialists and anarchists who tem­ significant m inority vote, the Gold- trayed. The workers’ revulsion sure to receive another 500 sub­ Boston 200 271 pered themselves in the mass waterites were given a shot in against the speed-up, unsafe work­ scriptions from them. O a k la n d /B e rk e le y 200 159 movement near the turn of the the arm. Along with their vision ing conditions and the 14-hour The most inspiring development San Francisco 100 151 century and learned how to make of capturing the South they now day, is the setting first for a work of this sub drive has been the Milwaukee 100 104 its power effective. saw the possibility of garnering stoppage, then a strike, and — as participation of young people Minneapolis The film has its humor and its the support of what they dub the the workers gain confidence — an throughout the country who have St. Paul 200 101 tragedy, its human irrelevancies “white backlash” in the North. attempt to seize the factory which made this campaign so successful. Seattle 75 76 and its lessons — for example, on Just as the struggle against chat­ is put down by the armed force From Baltimore we received the P h ila d e lp h ia 60 56 the difficulty of persuading hun­ tel slavery destroyed the Whig of the state. following note, “We here in Balti­ D e nve r 50 50 gry workers not to scab because Party and gave birth to the Re­ more wonder if it is too late to N e w a rk 150 48 Even though the workers them­ they are betraying their class. publican Party in the mid-Nine- get on the scoreboard w ith a quota Los Angeles — 43 selves speak a language other than Although it glorifies neither the teenth Century, so today, the Ne­ of 50 subscriptions. We have 23 B a ltim o re 50 37 English, their personalities, their workers, their rank-and-file lead­ gro struggle for Freedom Now is already and can easily make 50 C o nnecticut 25 21 problems, their attitudes toward ers, nor the organizer who comes bursting asunder the traditional and w ill try to top it.” Baltimore St. Louis 15 12 life and the struggle, become far from outside, the film , like history bonds which have for so long con­ hasn’t quite made the 50 but it is G eneral — 62 more real than in American mo­ itself, leaves no doubt as to the stricted American politics within dose to it and we are sure to vies. justice and the necessity of the the strait jacket of the two-party hear from them with more subs. Total through As ih every working people’s w o rk e rs ’ fig h t. system. The Goldwater phenome­ A student at Kent University J u ly 22 3,500 3,573 fight, obstacles, material and psy- —J. G. non is just the beginning. Monday, July 27, 1964 THE MILITANT Page Five Ceylon Revolutionists Letter of Support to LSSP Left Hit Coalition Sell-Out World Trotskyism Greets Conference The United Secretariat of the Trotskyist movement in Ceylon w ill open a new chapter in offer­ The following statement was re­ mass on the plantations who were Fourth International on July 10 and to empower' it to speak for ing help and support to the Fourth leased by Edmund Samarakkody, deprived of their citizenship and sent the following letter to the and conduct any matters pertain­ International. As you are well secretary of the Provisional Com­ voting rights by the citizenship Emergency Conference of the Lan­ ing to the section of the Fourth aware, under the previous leader­ mittee of the Lanka Sama Samaja laws of D. S. Senanayake’s UNP ka Sama Samaja Party (Revolu­ International in Ceylon. ship, fraternal relations were often P a rty (Revolutionary Section) of [United National Party] Govern­ tionary Section) of Ceylon, held 6) To approve the continued a matter of lip service. This sig­ Ceylon, on June 12 immediately ment, w ill now remain deprived in Colombo, that nation’s capital, publication by the LSSP (RS) of nified weakening the Fourth ■ In­ after certain LSSP leaders had of these elementary democratic J u ly 18-19. the Sinhalese-language weekly ternational as a world organization accepted cabinet posts in the gov­ rights with the support of the Hon. Sama Samajaya in accordance and bolstering the rightist tenden­ ernment of Mrs, Sirimavo Ban- N. M. Perera and his followers. The United Secretariat of the with the positions adopted by the cy in the LSS P as w e ll as fo ste r­ daranaike, prime minister of Cey­ The workers in the private sec­ Fourth International, in behalf of Reunification Congress. ing similar nationalist or regional lon and head of the liberal capi­ tor are to get nothing that has the world Trotskyist movement, 7) To appeal once again to all tendencies elsewhere. This disre­ talist Sri Lanka Freedom Party been thought worth mentioning. expresses warmest fraternal greet­ those who voted for Pere^a’s pro­ gard of internationalism deepened (SLFP). Workers in government employ­ ings to your gathering. Your firm posal to enter a bourgeois coalition during the years in which the * * * ment and in state enterprises are stand in support of the basic prin­ government, or who have not yet world movement was split. Ob­ merely to be given the right to ciples of revolutionary socialism in broken with him because of fear servance of the principle of demT Our erstwhile comrades, N. M. form committees to advise their face of the blow struck by N.M. of a “split,” to rally to the LSSP ocratic centralism suffered espe­ Perera, Cholmondeley Goonewar- bosses on how to get the best re­ Perera and the figures associated (RS) which is the only organiza­ c ia lly . dena and Anil Moonesinghe, have sults from the sweat of the woric- with him has been hailed by Trot­ tion in Ceylon that stands on the now become Honorable Ministers Reunification Congress ers. skyists everywhere. Your princi­ programme on which the Ceylon­ of Her Majesty the Queen. Hence­ For the rural masses, there is pled actions have clearly demon­ ese T ro ts k y is t m ovem ent was With the reunification of the forth, vested with the authority of no promise of land or jobs. All strated that you represent the founded. world movement last year, a the capitalist state, they w ill serve they are offered is the right to revolutionary socialist future of * * * stronger force came into operation Her Majesty and their new leader form Vigilance Committees. What the workers and peasants of Cey­ against all the centrifugal, nation1 Mrs. Sirimavo Bandaranaike, in these committees w ill be expected lon. We should like to make the fol­ alist tendencies, which in Ceylon keeping the Ceylon masses in sub­ to do for the Government remains In connection with your strug­ lowing brief observations to your were represented to a high degree Emergency Conference, reserving jection to the capitalist class. This to be seen. gle, the United Secretariat of the by N. M. Perera. This new forcé is only the formalization of the For the rest, the masses will-be Fourth International has passed other points and more extensive could not but appear to the right abandoment of the LSSP and its invited to be patient and to back tlye following motions in addition remarks for subsequent elabora­ w in g as a danger to th e ir tendency revolutionary programme by Dr. whatever candidates the Hon. Sir­ to the ones contained in its dec­ tion : that would surely mount with the N. M. Perera and his followers imavo Bandaranaike may select laration made public June 22 There is no doubt that the ca­ firm consolidation of a reunifica­ like Mr. Leslie Goonewardena, Dr. from the SLFP or from the Hon. [printed in the July 13 M ilita n t]: pitulation of N.M. Perera and his tion based on the revolutionary^ group constitutes a serious setback Colvin R. de Silva, Mr. Bernard N. M. Perera’s Party to ensure 1) To approve the decision that socialist principles • laid down at for the Ceylonese vanguard. It Soysa and Senator Doric de Souza. that she will be able to form a was made to hold a conference at the Reunification Congress. Un­ Three of the 14 points accepted government after the next elec­ the “Workmen’s Resort” in Colom­ can help relieve the political crisis doubtedly, the prospect was an ad­ facing the Ceylonese bourgeoisie. by the Hon. N. M. Perera and his tions. bo on June 7. ditional consideration in their de­ In combination with some conces­ colleagues were not mentioned by The British imperialists, in par­ 2) To approve the decision of cision to rush into a bourgeois co­ them at the Party conference ticular, must be quite pleased at sions from the Prime Minister it alition. In their flagrant breach of those present at this conference can help create illusions among a where they got the mandate for the turn of events. The Hon. N. M. to “ hereafter function as the LSSP discipline, the Perera tendency the abandonment of the _ program Perera and his Party are now sector of the population about the found common ground with ten­ (Revolutionary Section) on the possibility of reforming capitalism of our Party. These are the points pledged to play the game of cap­ basis of the program of the LSSP dencies elsewhere in the world, relating to religion, language and italist parliamentary politics under structurally. Thus Perera’s policy some of them of ultra-left color­ which had been abandoned” by of supporting and entering a bour­ citizenship rights, which the SLFP the leadership of the Hon. Sirima­ the group headed by N. M. Perera. ing, whose “Trotskyism” does not leadership is reported to have in­ vo Bandaranaike, so that capital­ geois coalition ■ government can extend to something as serious as 3) To approve the election by sisted upon. The acceptance of\ ism in Ceylon w ill be maintained serve to give Ceylonese capitalism observance of the principles of this conference of a Provisional these points makes it clear that either under the blue flag of the a longer lease on life. democratic centralism. Com m ittee. the Hon. N. M. Perera and his SLFP, or, if the new combination The LSSP (RS) has already 4) To approve the scheduling of A Short Path colleagues have capitulated com­ fails, under the green flag of the demonstrated its capacity to live an Emergency Conference of the pletely to the ideology of the Cey­ UNP. However, the path of conces­ up to these principles, and its ex­ LSSP (RS) for the purpose of lonese bourgeoisie. Furthermore Thus Messrs. N. M. Perera, Les­ sions and reforms w ill in reality ample has thereby strengthened electing the permanent bodies of names like N. M. Perera, Colvin lie Goonewardena, Dr. Colvin R. prove to be a short one in Ceylon. the Fourth International and the party and carrying out other R. de. Silva and Leslie Goonewar­ de Silva and their Party have com­ The scope of the problems de­ helped to consolidate the reunifi­ tasks proper to such a conference. dena can no more be associated pletely betrayed the working class manding solution transcends by cation on the basis of the program with the fight for democratic and the toiling people. Rarely has 5) To recognize this Emergency far the resources and capacities of adopted at the Reunification Con­ rights of the minorities in Ceylon. treachery by leaders of the work­ Conference as officially constitut­ the Ceylonese bourgeoisie and gress. We count on your playing As for the workers, the vast ing class been so naked. ing the continuing body of the landowners. The need to turn to a more and more important role revolutionary solutions will be in this respect in the future. seen more and more clearly as an imperative that can be postponed A Good Start only at the risk of political and You have already made an ... Socialists Tell How to Fight Goldwaterism social disaster. The vanguard w ill auspicious beginning in assuming (Continued from Page 1) “friend” Johnson is no friend at presently be faced with the im­ responsibility fo r publishing mense duty and opportunity of Fourth International, the official a ll. Democratic Party are none of taking power in Ceylon. theoretical organ of the world those things. The Johnson Demo­ What is more, the Johnson In light of this perspective, the Trotskyist movement. With your crats are no less nuclear brinkmen Democrats can now be expected prognosis for the Ceylonese Trot­ co-operation we hope now to reg­ than the Goldwater Republicans, to move farther to the right. They skyists is early recovery from the ularize its appearance and to make as the Cuban crisis and the dirty feel they already have the labor injuries inflicted by the Perera it the fu ll success it deserves to be. war in Vietnam prove. The John- and Negro vote in their pocket. So leadership. To assure this, how­ In struggling against the oppor­ sonites offer nothing more than their main concern w ill be to com­ ever, it is necessary to draw the tunist tendency led by N. M. Per­ token concessions to the Negro pete with Goldwater for the con­ proper lessons from the exper­ era, the main cadres of the Cey­ people, and they refuse to use the servative vote. That means ap­ ience, to work with redoubled en­ lonese section of the Fourth In­ governmental power to stop racist peasement of labor haters and ergy, and to find ways toward ternational have set an example in violence. white supremacists at the expense common action with other m ilitant which Trotskyists everywhere can Johnson’s so-called “war on pov­ of the union and Negro move­ currents on the basis of transition­ take pride. We expect that as you erty” is a cruel hoax that plays ments. It means intensified m ili­ al demands. A correct transitional move forward on the basis of what cynical politics with the needs of tarism in foreign policy. It means program, it must be stressed, re­ was accomplished and learned in millions of poverty-stricken peo­ the opposite of the actual needs mains of central importance for this battle, the Lanka Sama Sam­ ple. The Democratic Party of of the overwhelming majority of resolving the crisis of proletarian aja Party (Revolutionary Section) Johnson bears equal responsibility A m ericans. leadership in Ceylon. w ill not only reconstitute itself as with the Republican Party of The “lesser-evil” trap of sup­ In this course you can count on a mass organization based on the Goldwater for the witch hunt in port to Johnson can be expected the solidarity and comradely sup­ principles of revolutionary social­ American society. To the millions to catch a good many victims, port of the entire world Trotskyist ism, it w ill serve this time as a who suffer discrimination and m ainly because they feel they have movement, which is keenly inter­ model in the international arena exploitation under capitalism, no alternative. Blame for that falls ested in Ceylon and its future. in helping to construct the Fourth squarely on the union bureaucrats At the same time, we are sure International founded by Leon and conservative Negro leaders Clifton DeBerry that Trotskyists throughout the T ro tsky. SWP Candidate for President who have kept the labor and civil- world feel that the LSSP (RS) J u ly 10, 1964 rights movements tied to the Democratic Party. Equally guilty tion to both the Democratic and are the Social Democrats and the Republican tickets. Communist Party hacks who have The Socialist Workers Party helped maintain the entrapment welcomes the action of the Mi­ in Democratic Party politics. The chigan Freedom Now Party and evil fruit of this class betrayal is we extend to it our fraternal sup­ a political dead end in which the port. We commend the Michigan BOSTON. Boston Labor Forum, 38S N E W A R K . N ew ark Labor Forum , Boat millions who toil are the losers. example to the civil-rights move­ Huntington A ve ., Room 300. 381, N ew ark, N ew Jersey. Today none of these misleaders m en t as a w hole. W e urge the CHICAGO. Socialist Workers Party and n e w YORK CITY. Militant Labor have anything to offer, except union movement to follow the Ne­ bookstore, 302 South Canal S t. Room 210. WZ H0M . Forum, 118 University Place. A L 5-7852. more of the same. gro example by breaking with CLEVELAND. Eugene V. Debs Hall, OAKLAND-BERKELEY. S o c ia lis t If the labor and Negro move­ capitalist politics and forming an Room 23, 5827 Euclid Ave., Cleveland 3, Workers Party and Militant Labor Fo­ Ohio. rum: 592 Lake Park Ave., Oakland« ments are to defend their inter­ independent labor party opposed Phone 444-8012. M a rx is t litera tu re a va il­ ests, they must break with the to both Democrats and Republi­ DENVER, Militant Labor Forum, Tele­ able: write to Labor Book Shop at above address. Democratic and Republican par­ cans. phone 222-4174. ties and take the road of inde­ The question is, what to do DETROIT. Eugene V. Debs Hall, 3737 PHILADELPHIA. Militant Labor Forum Woodward. TEm ple 1-8135. P.O . Box 8412. right now? In reply we address pendent political action. A few LOS ANGELES. Socialist Workers Par­ prominent Negroes have come to ourselves to all workers, black ty, 1702 East Fo urth St. A N 9-4953 or ST. L O U IS . Phone M ain 1-2609. Ask for W E 5-9238. Open 12 noon to 5 p.m. daily Dick Clarke. recognize that need, and they have and white, to all who suffer dis­ and Saturday. issued a call for a Freedom Now crimination and exploitation un­ SAN DIEGO. San Diego Labor Forum, MILWAUKEE. 150 E. Juneau Ave. P.O. Box 1581, San Diego 12, C alif. For Party, led and controlled by Ne­ der capitalism. We say to you: labor and socialist books, Sign of the MINNEAPOLIS. Socialist Workers Party Sim Books, 4705 College Ave. groes. In Michigan the Freedom Vote your own interests by sup­ and Labor Book Store, 704 Hennepin Now Party is running its own porting the candidates of the So­ Ave., H a ll 240. FEderal 2-7781. Open 1 S E A T T L E , 3815 5th N .E . L ib ra ry , book Edward Shaw to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, Sat­ store. Open 12 noon to 5 p.m. Saturdays. SWP Candidate for Vice President slate of state candidates in opposi- cialist Workers Party. urday, 11 a.m.-5 p.m. Phone M E 2-7449. Page S ix THEMILITANT Monday, July 27, 1964

Behind the Events in the Congo Hii(iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii(fiiii(iiiiimiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiHiiiiiiiiiiiifnn

(W o rld O u tlo o k ) June 30 integrating. Repeatedly, contin­ careful grooming for his new role “gendarmes” on the shelf in An­ marked an important turning gents of the army have refused to as “arbiter,” the man above all gola where they have been keep­ point in the history of the Congo. engage in pitched battle with in­ the tribes and political parties of ing in form under the guidance On that date the United Nations surrectional formations. During the Congo, was the splendidly of the Portuguese colonial mas­ occupation of the Congo came to one of the skirmishes in Kivu, timed “revelations” he made to a ters? an end. On that date, too, Presi­ General Mobutu himself had to reactionary Belgian journalist Unfortunately, there is great dent Kasavubu’s four-year man­ lead the advance, like a feudal about the murder of Lumumba in danger that many of them will date as head of the Republic of warlord, in order to get some of which he white-washed his own be tempted. Gbenye, who led the Congo ended and the Congolese his own soldiers to start marching role and hung the rap on Cyrille MNC-Lumumba [Mouvement. Na­ parliament completed its first in the same directioti. Adoula. [See Feb. 24 M ilita n t.] tional Congolaia] parliamentary te rm . Capitalists abroad reveal their (The generally accepted version group in Leopoldville after Gi- As the deadline neared, anxiety pessimism over perspectives in the of that murder still remains that zenga’s arrest until he himself had rose among imperialist circles and Congo. In Brussels, quotations on one of Tshombe’s main lieu­ to go into exile, reportedly nego­ their stooges in the Congo over the stock of the most powerful tenants, his former Minister of tiated directly with some impor­ possible collapse of the neo­ Congo trust, Union Miniere, have the Interior Munongo, personally tant Belgian financial groups for colonialist Kasavubu-Mobutu re­ dropped to barely ten percent of killed Lumumba, after the Con­ the “re-integration” of the Lu­ gime. Their main figurehead, “so­ th e ir highest p o in t in 1957. golese leader had already been mumbist forces into “Congolese cialist” Premier Cyrille Adoula, Both the Belgian capitalists, who badly maimed through frightful legality.” He was expelled from publicly admitted the bankruptcy are most directly interested in mistreatment on the plane that the Committee of National Libera­ of his stewardship. He is virtually tapping the Congo’s huge natural brought him from Leopoldville to tion in Brazzaville, formally on powerless outside of the “Eu- wealth, and those in the U.S., Who the Katanga capital of Elisabeth- charges of embezzlement of funds, topean” [white] quarter of Leo­ feel most acutely that it is their v ille .) but one of the main guerrilla poldville and even there his au­ duty to “save the Congo for free Upon his arrival in Leopoldville leaders in the Congo, Gaston thority has come under increas­ enterprise” and keep it from ‘.‘go­ as imperialism’s own trusted man, Soumialot, still recognizes his ingly serious challenge from un­ ing Communist,” have been fran­ Tshombe at once called in Ka$a- authority. Many former Lumum­ derground forces. Vast reaches of tically looking for a way out — vubu, Adoula and the main leaders bist leaders are said to have be­ the country, including the prov­ some way to prevent their neo­ of various neo-colonialist parties come demoralized and corrupted. inces of .Kouilou, North Katanga, colonialist regime from going and sects. He made it clear that In addition, they have fallen Eastern Province and large sec­ down like a house of cards. The he wafited a ground-breaking op­ into such suicidal maneuvers be­ Antoine Gizenga tions of Kivu, have set up new solution they seem to have decided eration — a general amnesty for fore. During one of the peaks of Lumumbist administrations which to try out is a rather curious one. political prisoners and an invita­ the civil war, Gizenga, who head­ Most of the radical political tion to the Lumumbist leaders to ed the rival central government <*o not recognize the authority of They are pushing out into the leaders of the Congo have not yet the puppet central government. center of the stage a new saviour, return from exile. To make his of Stanleyville and had a strong drawn . the necessary conclusions As for Mobutu’s army, it is dis- a figure by the name of Moise new liberal halo look really au­ army and controlled most of the Tshombe. thentic, he demanded the imme­ north and east of the country, ac­ from such mistakes. Many of them This is the South Katanga tribal diate release of Antoine Gizenga, cepted “reconciliation” with the are ready to commit the same er­ politician who, through various Lumumba’s most prominent lieu­ Leopoldville government. The re­ rors twice. Perhaps the influence tricks and stratagems and a liberal tenant and former vice-president sult was destruction of his base, of the Chinese Communist Party slush fund, succeeded in first be­ of the Adoula government who has his subsequent loss of the post in and similar tendencies w ill help coming premier of the province of been imprisoned on an island in the coalition government with the opposition to Tshombe’s bland­ Katanga, then head of the “inde­ the Congo River although parlia­ which he had been paid in return ishments. The revolutionary in­ pendent” country of Katanga. ment has repeatedly called for his for dismantling his Stanleyville stincts of the guerrilla fighters This operation, mounted in direct release. stronghold and his eventual arrest who have been mobilized in the collusion with Belgian military Bid for Approval and imprisonment. struggle w ill weigh in the same personnel and Belgian capitalists, Another maneuver not to be Lumumba himself made two d ire ctio n . was carried out when the Congo overlooked was Tshombe’s stop- colossal errors. Instead of strength­ It remains to be seen, however, first achieved independence in off at Bamako, the capital of ening his revolutionary base and whether — in the absence of a J u ly 1960. Tshom be’s tre a ch e ry Mali, on his way from Brussels mobilizing the population in the strong revolutionary party — triggered the huge internal crisis to Leopoldville, where he evi­ styie of Fidel Castro, he invited these tendencies w ill prove suffi­ in the country that eventually led dently made a bid for a stamp of in the United Nations. When this ciently strong to prevent the to the occupation by United Na­ approval from all the African in­ led to his being deposed as premier Lumumbist leaders from dropping tions troops. dependent states as to his “legiti­ in Leopoldville, he did not retreat into Tshombe’s web, thereby The use of UN m ilitary forces, m acy.” at once to Stanleyville where he granting him the opportunity he said the General Assembly resolu­ The im perialist press co-operated had a strong following and could seeks to achieve a kind of tem­ tion,'was to help restore the coun­ deftly in this game by playing up have organized a counterbase from porary neo-colonialist stabiliza­ try’s unity; the real aim was not the “popular” response to Tshom­ which to recover his position. He tion. If they prove alert to the openly stated. But it soon became be’s reappearance in the Congo. stayed in Leopoldville in order to trap, Tshombe’s “national recon­ apparent with the ouster of Pre­ Perhaps some “demonstrations” personally protest and argue the ciliation” w ill turn out to be noth­ mier Patrice Lumumba and his did occur. Their spontaneity is illegality of Kasavubu’s moves ing but a regroupment of conser­ subsequent foul murder. Even­ another matter. Tshombe is a against him. The tragic result was vatives — against the rising tide tually fighting broke out between well-heeled saviour. He has sev­ his martyrdom. of the Congolese revolution. the UN troops and Tshombe’s eral million dollars in gold and “gendarmes.” Tshombe was de­ hard currency on tap in European posed and this sinister figure then bank accounts, while the other went into exile in Madrid, where Congo leaders of his tempera­ Franco’s fascist regime extended ment, training and loyalties are PRE-PUBLICATION OFFER Patrice Lumumba him every courtesy. flat broke. His arrival as a “live” Tshombe did not return to the one was bound to create a- good Congo directly from Madrid. He deal of excitement among the bar Save $2.50 Vacation School Set stopped off first at Brussels where flie s. he had long talks with Foreign Tshombe’s reappearance has, of Minister Paul-Henri Spaak and course, a deeper meaning in the LABOR S GIANT STEP For Aug. 29 in Calif. U.S. Ambassador Douglas Mac- context of Leopoldville politics. SAN FRANCISCO — The West Arthur III. The cordiality of these The bankruptcy of the Adoula — Twenty Years of the CIO Coast Vacation School has an­ briefings of the prospective Chiang government has entailed extensive nounced that its 1964 session w ill Kai-shek of the Congo, as reported unraveling of the state fabric. The be held at a “magnificent camp by the press, leaves no doubt that politicians themselves constitute by A rt Preis site” in the Santa Cruz mountains Tshombe is returning to his field the hardest, most avaricious 50 miles south of here. The ses­ of operation with the mandate of nucleus of the Congo compradore LABOR'S GIANT STEP is a vivid account of the workers’ battles sion will run from Aug. 29 imperialism — above all, t the bourgeoisie-in-formation. Nothing in labor’s leap from craft unionism to industrial organization. through Sept, 7. mandate of President Lyndon less than their immediate liveli­ The struggles that went into building the CIO will come alive Johnson. hood and future prospects are in­ C a m p grounds are 30 acres of for you, as will the great strike wave of the 40’s and the period •trees, playing fields, hiking and Tshombe was carefully groomed volved in keeping up the state leading up to the merger in 1955 of the AFL and CIO. Tiding trails plus a trout stream during the final stage of the UN apparatus. Since no faction is flowing through the camp. The occupation of the Congo for his strong enough to impose its rule LABOR’S GIANT STEP is more than a history of unionism — the facilities include modem plumb­ new role of saviour, unifier and on the whole country, they are great class struggles are related to the economic, political and driven toward a general com­ ing in the main buildings, an up- pacifier of his country. This social developments of our time. You w ill want to return again groomipg was rather essential, promise that would affect all the to-date hotel-type kitchen and a and again to its 550 pages for reference, or just to savor the for too many people were -aware local and regional politicians and large redwood-paneled dining spirit of the workers who built the CIO. room. The large camp swimming of how he destroyed the unity of chiefs. Tshombe still retains au­ pool is filtered and heated. For the country by taking Katanga thority in the country’s richest re­ those who desire ocean swimming into secession, how he paralyzed gion, South Katanga, and has the and fishing Santa Cruz is ten the central government by with­ full backing of the colonial mas­ payment must be included with order miles distant. holding more than two-thirds of ters there. Thus the decision to A series of lectures and seminars the taxes and customs on which make him the nominal head of a Pioneer Publishers, 116 University Place, New York, N.Y. 10003 is being planned on the main ideas it depended, how he directly par­ government of “national recon­ of the “Triple Revolution” docu­ ticipated in the murder of Pa­ ciliation” is not so illogical as it Enclosed is $...... fo r...... copies of LABOR’S GIANT STEP ment issued by the Ad Hoc Com­ trice Lumumba and how he sought m a y seem. —Twenty Years of the CIO, at the pre-publication price of mittee on the Triple Revolution. to cover up the crime. He became For Tshombe to succeed in his $5 per copy. Many active participants and lo­ deeply associated in the public assignment, however, an essential cal leaders of the civil-rights mind with the scum in his entou­ condition remains to be fulfilled. Name.. movements and Freedom Now rage — OAS bandits fresh from The Lumumbist insurrectional movement are being invited to backstabbings in Algeria, former groups operating in various areas Street Address...... German SS men still smelling must be persuaded to accept participate in the symposiums. C ity...... State...... Zip Code.. Early reservations are being from the gas chambers, Cuban Tshombe, to co-operate with him urged and can be secured by call­ counter-revolutionaries looking for and to take posts in his govern­ this special offer ends September 15, 1964 in g V A 4-2321 in San Francisco, temporary jobs before again in­ ment. W ill they do this? Can they 444-8012 in Oakland and AN 9-4953 vading their own country. accept a neo-colonialist stooge in Los Angeles. One of the main moves in this who still has some 2,000 armed Monday, July 27, 1964 THE MILITANT Page Seven

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[T h is column is an open forum date, Clifton DeBerry, is one that against the Ford Motor Company On "Freedom Democrats" will wait no longer,” and then for all viewpoints on subjects of cannot be repeated too often: which was then run by old Henry, demonstrate, picket, and sit-in, to general interest to our readers. namely, that the Negro people and the grandfather of the present New York, N. Y. “expose” the Democrats. Let’s as­ Please "keep your letters brief. its supporters have nothing to Ford trio. Periodically the UAW I am glad to see the analyses sume they could act in unison and Where necessary they will be gain by supporting either of the and the Ford management have of the Mississippi Freedom cam­ not split ten ways over how long abridged. W rite rs ’ in itia ls w ill be tw o b ig status quo parties in this sat across conference tables dur­ paigns in The Militant. I agree they could wait. used, names being withheld unless country. Both Republicans and ing contract negotiations. Now the that any step which serves to ex­ A s lo n g as th e y ’ve said th a t authorization is given for use.] Democrats are tied up with the head of the UAW and the head pose the Democrats is a good one. they want to be Democrats, powers of privilege and racism of the Ford Motor Company can But I am disturbed by the state­ whether or not they’ve committed Best Candidate from beginning to end. s it c h u m m ily together at $100-a- ment, repeated in both articles, themselves beforehand to support­ ' The U.S. State Department plate Democratic dinners. which grants that sending a Free­ ing the decision of the Conven­ New York, N. Y. maintains the closest relations To carry this “togetherness” a dom Delegation to the Democratic tion, they w ill have harmed them­ The major point in the cam­ with the Nazi-style South African step further, it has been announced Convention, as a tactic, “could selves far more than the Demo­ paign of the Socialist Workers government, which, as The M ili­ that Charlotte Ford, 23-year-old prove to be a great embarrass­ crats. Anti-Democrats w ill know Party and its presidential candi- ta n t has reported, just imposed daughter of Henry II, and John ment to the Democratic Party.” they have been suckered; pro- stiff jail sentences on the leading Reuther, 20-year-old son of Victor Could the Freedom Democrats Democrats will say that they, civil-rights fighters of that coun­ and nephew of Walter, have both Conceivably embarrass the Demo­ broke the faith, that they did not 10 YEARS AGO try. Certainly, the very Democra­ joined the steering committee of crats on their own ground — even really want to be Democrats. The tic Party which follows a racist the newly organized Young Cit­ with this intention? My feeling is Democratic convention w ill not be and even genocidal policy with izens for Johnson Committee. that they could not. the first or the greatest betrayal regard to non-whites around the When told that the labor lead­ The Democrat leaders would by the Democrats of the hopes of IN THE MILITANT world cannot support the just de­ er’s son would be her fellow surely invite the FD leaders for the Negro people. “LEADERS OF THE NATION­ mands of the black people of the member, Charlotte b u b b le d , coffee and treat them royally; And will even the waverers AL ASSOCIATION FOR THE U.S.A. “That’s great, I’ll be anxious to they would hint at possible re­ learn something from the verbal meet him.” Mrs. Reuther thought ADVANCEMENT OF COLORED Conversely, the same Democra­ sults all along the way, in the exchanges of a convention which it was wonderful that her son PEOPLE urged Attorney General tic Party, which holds political seating of delegates, in the various they cannot be convinced of by would be campaigning alongside Brownell to make a thorough in­ power, on the basis of racism, in points of the platform, in the the . daily facts of life under a the boss’ daughter. vestigation of the racist violence the South, and which relies on selection of candidates, in the Democratic regime? The thought of all this jolly, at Trumbull Park Homes in Chi­ such reactionaries as J. Edgar post-election appointments and The thing to do with both warm political togetherness brings cago and to prosecute vigorously Hoover, Governor Paul Johnson legislation. Democrats and Republicans is tci a lump to my throat. As a mat­ those responsible for the ter­ and ex-CIA boss Dulles to solve Let’s for argument rule out the boycott them and to picket their ter of factt the whole • business rorism . the “Mississippi Crisis,”^can hardly quite real possibility that the conventions denouncing their ra­ seems to stick in my throat. I find “NAACP Secretary Walter White be expected to carry ‘out a for­ Dems might seat the FD delega­ cist role locally and abstentionist it hard to swallow this buddy- and Washington Bureau director eign policy which reflects the tion from Mississippi — a gesture role nationally. Ahy equivocation buddy act. It’s about time for la­ Clarence Mitchell took the matter needs and desires of the people to win votes nationally which on the need for political inde­ bor to leave the boss parties to up with Brownell in Washington of America or of the world. would not tie their hands after pendence of the Negro people the bosses and start building their on July 14 . . . The only candidate in the com­ the election. from the racist parties w ill bring own party. How’s about some “For almost a year now, Negroes ing election who is not tied to At what point during the con­ only continued tragedy and suf­ working-class togetherness? who moved into the previously all- the power structure, who h^s vention would the FD group say, fe rin g . white federally owned project at nothing to gain by deals with Evelyn Sell “No, we have waited too long; we J.G. Trumbull Park have been under racists in South Africa and Mis­ attack from racist and fascist ele­ sissippi, is DeBerry. The opposite ments. Violence has flared re­ is true. As a Negro, native of Mis­ peatedly and damage has been sissippi, and a trade unionist, De­ done to the government-owned Berry is tied to the cause of racial It Was Reported in the Pm» property by hoodlums who gather justice and honest civil-rights ef­ nightly in the environs of the forts. In this he is backed by the If You’re Black — Whack! — shore or a pool. But the July 9 Suggestion From Dullest—Ap­ project . . . unequivocal platform of the So­ The N. Y . World-Telegram re­ N ew Y o rk Post reports that this, parently with a straight face, for­ . . White told the attorney cialist Workers Party, which does ported that a flying squad of like all good things under capital­ mer CIA head Allen Dulles sug­ general that this situation is ‘only not compromise with racial injus­ policemen caught up w ith a Negro ism, is fast coming to an end. The gested that as a safety measure a part of a larger housing prob­ tice, but which is dedicated to its man they believed to be a part of Water Commission is now install­ civil-rights workers in Mississippi lem which has been aggravated elimination from the face of our a “gang of rioters” they were ing “hydrant harnesses . . . de­ should keep the state or local po­ by the policy of such government society. chasing. “They pounced on him, signed to prevent unlawful open­ lice notified at all times. Why not agencies as the Federal Housing R.L. pummeled him, whacked him with ing of the fire-fighting faucets.” eliminate the middle man and no­ a nightstick and threw him into tify the Klan directly? Administration, the Veterans Ad­ Advertisers Retreat—Stan Fre- ministration, the Public Housing Togetherness a patrol car.” Then they discov­ berg’s religious commercials w ill T h in k Y o u ’re M ix e d Up— Rev. Detroit, Mich. ered he was a plainclothes patrol­ Authority and the slum-clearance not be heard on radio station J. A. Bogles, author of a book on man on special duty in Harlem. program which continue to give Henry Ford II has announced WNEW. “I am not opposed to re­ the John Birch Society, thinks the federal assistance to housing that for the first time in his life Brainwashers — Jacob Fuchs- ligious jingles,” remarked the gen­ Birchers are touching on a real planned for the' exclusive use of he is planning to vote for a Demo­ berg, spokesman for an organiza­ eral manager of the New York problem but are extremist in their one race.’ ” — J u ly 26, 1954. cratic candidate for President. He tion of claims attorneys, charged radio station, “ but I’m not sure our attitude toward it. He advises: “It w ill cast his vote for Johnson re­ that segments of the insurance audience w ill find them compatible is sobering to remind ourselves, gardless of whom the Republicans industry are waging a “brain­ with our regular music program­ and to remind even the Birchers, 20 YEARS AGO run. Ford thinks Johnson is “ter­ washing campaign” designed to ming.” The commercials have a that, if we do not defend freedom rific.” Speaking glowingly of the cut down the size of awards to and ra tio n a lity as the norm s of “BLESSED AND BACKED BY modem, jazzy beat and a chorus President, Ford said, “He’s doing plaintiffs in personal injury suits. political conflict, we ought not to A POWERFUL SECTION OF THE that sings, “Doesn’t it get a little an excellent job as President. I ’ve He said insurance companies are be surprised to find ourselves M O R E FARSIGHTED W A L L lonely out on that limb, without heard him say many times that attributing hikes in premium rates caught in a totalitarianism not STREET interests, Franklin D. H im ? ” he’s for all the people in the coun­ to large damage awards by juries only from the left or from thé Roosevelt was renominated vir­ try — for business, labor and the in accident cases. “If all the ver­ Weapons Progress — One p ro ­ right, but perhaps even from the tually automatically last week as general public. I agree with what dicts in the country were doubled,” blem U.S. imperialism faces in center.” the Democratic Party’s 1944 presi­ he says.” he said, “ the increased cost to each propping up puppet regimes on dential candidate. His platform, God’s Foreign Policy—W. R. Ford was quite active in per­ normal-limit policy holder would the edge of its shrinking sphere of which reveals throughout his per­ White, president emeritus of Bay­ suading Eisenhower to run for be about 25 cents.” influence consists in bringing force sonal imprint, contains but one President and has long voted Re­ to bear quickly. A new proposal, lor University in Texas, discloses: Patriotic Lies — A recently de­ tangible plank—a pledge to pro­ publican. It seems he’s been but­ designed to overcome this diffi­ “God is very much on the side of classified Defense Department re­ secute to successful conclusion tering his bread on bofh sides, culty, calls for an “intercontinen­ peace. That is, He is for those con­ port w ill cause concern to those W all Street’s war for world dom­ however, because in recent years tal ballistic troop transport cap­ ditions that make for peace. He is who hope for a lasting agreement not for peace at any price.” ination, and to impose a con­ he, along with other members of able o f fir in g a b a tta lio n o f 1,200 in the field of arms reduction queror’s ‘peace by force.’ the family, have contributed fi­ marines to any trouble spot on Blood Brothers—Drew Pearson “Roosevelt, as he himself stated while preserving m ilitary secrets. nancially to the Democrats. Ac­ earth in 45 minutes.” According to confided in his syndicated column: According to N ew sday, the docu­ in his nomination acceptance cording to a survey by Congres­ the XJP1 dispatch, its authors say “President Johnson and Gov. Paul ment raised the possibility that speech, stands ‘on the record.’ That sional Quarterly, the three Ford it “could be operational by 1975.” Johnson of Mississippi don’t like American officials could lie and record shows that Roosevelt in brothers (Henry, Benson and W il­ By that time all “trouble spots” to admit it but they get along well avoid detection by a lie detector his foreign policy has consistently liam) gave a total of $15,500 to may be within walking distance. together.” if the agreement made called for advanced W all Street’s fundamen­ the D em ocrats d u rin g the 1962 lie tests. “A really patriotic of­ tal program of world domination. election campaigns. ficial could tell lies for his coun­ Under his regime at home, Big Another famous trio of brothers try, about underground nuclear Business, through its control of the in the Detroit area are, also, John­ tests and weapons development war production program, has im­ son boosters — the three Reuther SPECIAL $1 INTRODUCTORY OFFER without any emotional upiet.” measurably strengthened its mon­ brothers (Walter, Victor and opoly grip on America’s produc­ Roy). Of course, these labor lead­ You Just Can’t Win Dep’t— A l­ To reach the widest audience with our tive facilities and resources. It has ers have been long-time Demo­ most the only redeeming features coverage of the Freedom Now Movement piled up unprecedented war prof­ crats. About a quarter of a cen­ of summer life for youngsters in we are offering a 4-month introductory its and thrust its hands into a tury ago these three brothers were New York’s ghettos has been the subscription to The Militant for $1. C$1.50 grab-bag containing billions worth leading the United Auto Workers fire hydrants, which afforded an of government-financed plants and outside of the U.S.) in a long and bitter struggle inexpensive sustitute for the sea- land developments. It has fastened such government shackles on labor Name as compulsory arbitration, wage Thought for the Week freezing, forced labor decrees, anti- GM’s already fabulous profits have climbed higher and higher to s tr ik e legislation, extortionate Street Zone taxes. a new record every year. No other industrial corporation in the his­ “While Big Business takes due tory of the entire world ever made as much money. Last year, GM’s account of past favors, it is never profits before taxes came to $2.4 billion. That’s a profit for GM of City ... State guided by considerations of grati­ $106.35 every second in the entire year. It’s ■a profit of $383,000 every hour of the year. Furthermore, GM in 1963 gave its stockholders a tude. The plutocrats demanded ad­ Send to The Militant, 116 University Place, ditional guarantees for the future. special dividend ($2 a share) equal to 73 cents an hour worked by every New York 3, N. Y. T h e y secured th e m . — J u ly 29, GM worker in the U.S. during the year.” —UAW Vice President Leonard 1944. W oodcock. Rage Eight THEMILITANT Monday, July 27, 1964 Prosecution Files Appeal African Students St. Louis Ghetto Explodes In Indiana "Sedition" Case Charge NY Cops In Fury Against Brutal Cops Attacked Them A recent anti-police outburst in The demonstration at the sta­ NEW YORK—In the course of the St. Louis ghetto typifies the tionhouse stopped shortly before a single week there were two com­ explosive situation in cities across midnight and was replaced by a plaints of brutality against this the country. On the evening of number of CORE pickets carrying city’s cops by visiting African stu­ July 6, St. Louis cops used police signs denouncing police brutality. dents. The first involved Mr. Doug­ dogs and gas grenades to disperse las Magua, Mr. Kamau and Mr. a shouting, missile-throwing crowd o f some 400 Negroes. Njuhigu, students from Kenya. On June 30, while on their way to get According to police, one officer ‘Throw Wallace a cup of coffee at Broadway and had answered a call to assist a 110th St., Magua was jostled by a heart patient, Mrs. Naomi Murphy, whose sons were fighting. Enter­ white man in civilian clothes who To Lions,’ Shout also called him “nigger.” ing the Murphy home, the cop tried to separate them and, he The three students followed the claimed, the two boys turned on Toronto Pickets jostler and his two companions him. He said he quickly left to TORONTO—Thousands of Ca­ (all of whom turned out to be off- radio for help. duty policemen) into the restau­ nadians demonstrated their soli­ When the cops tried to re-enter darity with the U.S. Negro Free­ rant to demand an apology. In­ the Murphy home, they met re­ stead they got more insults and dom Struggle on the evening of sistance. According to the St. Louis July 8 and again in the forenoon abuse and Njuhigu was arrested Post D ispatch, Mrs. Murphy “tried by the off-duty cops. of July 9.' On each occasion mas­ to seize their night sticks.” Ac­ At the 126th St. police station, sive picket lines protested the pre­ cording to the Globe-Democrat, sence of Alabama’s racist Gover­ Njuhigu was given further in­ “she began cursing and fighting struction in the American way of nor George Wallace as guest speak­ police after the officers were forced INDIANA “SUBVERSION” DEFENDANTS. Ralph Levitt (1.), life. He was beaten and told, er at the Lions’ international con­ to use night sticks to subdue her vention. James Bingham (c.), and Tom Morgan, officers of the Young So­ “whenever you see a white skin, sons.” cialist Alliance at Indiana University, whose victory in lower court you say, ‘S ir.’ ” As the convention opened on the Em battled Cops evening of July 8, a picket line is being appealed by witch-hunting prosecutor. Kenya’s ambassador to the United Nations, Buridi Nabwera, Additional officers, some with numbering almost a thousand made the incident known at a dogs, were,then rushed to the as­ whites, with a sprinkling of Ne­ By George Saunders press conference. He even pro­ sistance of the embattled cops. groes, and a very high proportion of youths, circled Maple Leaf Gar­ The Indiana “Sedition” Case spoke on civil rights. Thanks to a duced the victim’s blood-stained Anti-police sentiment must have dens, home of the famous Maple w ill definitely be carried to the nation-wide defense -— the Com­ shirt as evidence. As for the po­ been smoldering in the neighbor­ Leaf hockey team, in the heart of Indiana supreme court. This be­ mittee to Aid the Bloomington lice counter-claim that the Kenyan hood for some time, for occupants downtown! Toronto. Delegates to came clear July 17, when Prose­ Students — and the support of the had injured them, he challenged of houses in the area joined the the convention had to run the cutor Thomas A. Hoadley filed his Emergency Civil Liberties Com­ the police to exhibit their alleged crowd that was trying to drive the gauntlet of pickets who sang “We appeal brief within the time set mittee, whose chief counsel, Leon­ in ju rie s . police away. Shall Overcome” and carried plac­ b y law . ard Boudin, drew up the consti­ The Second incident, on July 5, Cops later claimed that more ards reading: “Throw Wallace to Hoadley is the witch-hunter re­ tutional defense brief, the pros­ involved two students from Ugan­ than a dozen of them had been in­ the Lions,” “Segregation — Demo­ sponsible for the indictment on ecution was defeated. The local da, Mr. Kudda and Mr. Lule, who jured by the stones and other ob­ cracy’s Enemy”, “We Need to Ex­ M a y 1, 1963, o f R a lph L e v itt, judge threw out the indictments are room m ates. A lle g e d ly to see jects thrown by the demonstra­ tend Civil Rights in Canada Too.” James Bingham and Tom Morgan March 20 dn the grounds that the Kudda’s license two cops went tors, and that two cops had been Hundreds of sympathizers of the t— officers of the Young Socialist thought-control law was uncon­ with them to their apartment. Lule knocked out by flying bricks. pickets lined the other sides of the Alliance at Indiana University. stitutional. Similar laws have been objected that since Kudda was a After about an hour some 35 streets where the police main­ The-three students were charged, ruled unconstitutional in other part-time UN employee he enjoyed cops succeeded in dispersing the tained a horse-mounted squad in under a McCarthy-era state sedi­ states. diplomatic immunity and did not crowd w ith gas grenades and dogs. reserve. tion law, with having assembled The Indiana press reports that have to show his license to city Mrs. Murphy was among the eight for the purpose of advocating the Hoadley w ill petition for an early police. Thereupon the cops beat youths and four adults arrested. Support by Labor them up. Both required medical A part of the crowd followed violent overthrow of both the fed­ hearing this fall. This should alert These crowds had responded to treatment as a result. As is cus­ the prisoners and the cops to the eral and Indiana state govern­ all civil libertarians and CABS an appeal issued by 18 various tomary, the cops claimed the A fri­ stationhouse ^on Lucas Ave. and ments. supporters to keep the public organizations and the Toronto and cans had attacked them and they made their opinion of the police This was the first time in U.S. aware of this precedent-setting District Labor Council which urged had beat them only in self-de­ and the arrests known in no un­ history that students had been case. Inquiries and contributions city authorities to deny Wallace the fense. certain terms. charged with sedition in connec­ to the students’ defense may be usual civic reception. A t the head tion with campus activities. One sent to C ABS, P.O. B ox 213, of the picket line, as it expanded of the main charges was that they to take in the whole city block, Cooper Station, New York, N. Y., had sponsored a campus meeting were Rabbi Feinberg, a prominent at which a young Negro socialist 10003. How Henry Ford II "Divides" spokesman of the anti-nuclear movement, and David Lewis, a vice president of Canadian labor’s His Political Loyalties in 1964 New Democratic Party. San Francisco Labor Council By Evelyn Sell Spontaneously, and simultane­ DETROIT — Henry Ford II, ous with the downtown demonstra­ who has already declared his sup­ tion, two others took place. A Discusses Union for Jobless port for Democrat Lyndon John­ group of demonstrators appeared son, has now announced that he at Toronto’s international airport By Gordon Bailey w ill back incumbent Republican to meet Wallace as he landed in SAN FRANCISCO — Recollec­ idea of unemployed locals. One re­ Gov. George Romney for another his private plane emblazoned with tion s of the Depression of the 1930s called how m ilitant action by un­ term . the Stars and Stripes and the flag were evoked recently as the Cen­ em ployed groups in the 1930s had “I’m still an independent,” Ford of the Confederacy, accompanied tral Labor Council here debated won WPA and other relief meas­ explained, “but after 14 years of by body guards and a squad of a proposal to charter special locals ures. Another declared the goals of union rule and domination of the heavily armed state troopers. An­ of the unemployed. During the de­ an unemployed organization would governor’s mansion, I think we other group of demonstrators met bate, 200 jobless workers and their aid all labor. A delegate from the should have a Republican in the him as he arrived at the swank friends underlined the issue w ith a Typographers told how some des­ Statehouse.” According to Ford, Royal York Hotel where he was picketline outside. perate, unemployed printers were former Democratic governors John flanked by a busload of RCMPers The call for an AFL-CIO spon­ scabbing . A Welfare Workers Swainson and G. Mennen W illiams (federal police) and quickly sored unemployed organization Union delegate said that an in­ were too “hooked up” with the whisked up to his suite. came from the Labor Committee digent worker in San Francisco United Auto Workers. While many thought that the Gov. George Romney for Full Employment, formed last gets only $1 a day for food. When he learned of Ford’s state­ next day’s forenoon demonstra­ fall by leaders from the Long­ But the CLS leaders did not con­ ments, Ken Bannon, UAW Ford tion, called by the union move­ shoremen and other independent cur. Secretary G. W. Johns claimed director, said, “ It is interesting to bargaining tables are erased or ment during working hours, would unions, some leaders of building- unemployed locals would consti­ know that Mr. Ford has put him­ watered down by the laws passed be anti-climactic, almost another trades locals, and individuals. tute dual unions since unemployed self in the position of having one by Democratic politicians. Union thousand people turned up to dem­ Jack Waggoner, a long-time lead­ workers already belonged to the foot in Gov. Romney’s camp in rights are undermined by the onstrate their hostility to Wallace er of San Francisco’s pile drivers, unions of their trades and indus­ Lansing and the other foot in judges appointed by the Demo­ and the racism he represents. now retired, presented the case for tries. He did not explain how this President Johnson’s camp in cratic officials. Negro unionists These massive protests sharply the unemployed. He told the Coun­ was so for jobless youth and Ne­ Washington.” fighting against racism are conned cut across all the hoopla and she­ c il th e re w ere 130,00 jobless in the groes barred from many unions. The Ford political acrobatics into voting for the party of the nanigans of the 35,000 Lions who city officially but that these fig­ Johns also argued that political prove once again that both the worst racists in the country! Gold­ jammed all the hotels and night ures did not include the many who pressure by an unemployed move­ Democratic and Republican parties water is mild compared with the clubs and tied up city traffic with cannot draw unemployment com­ ment would constitute a form of are the in stru m e n ts o f the bosses. Eastlands, Wallaces, and countless their parading. Governor Wal­ pensation. This number would dual unionism to the AFL-CIO’s Ford finds no difficulty in crossing Southern sheriffs elected on the lace’s speech, whiclk followed for­ grow, not diminish, he declared, political education (COPE) com­ party lines because he knows his Democratic Party ticket. mal welcomes from the Toronto since nationally automation was mittees. Rather than try new steps capitalist interests will be well Ford can support both Demo­ and Metro mayors and the pro­ wiping out 40,000 jobs a week. to deal with unemployment, Johns protected by both a Democratic crats and Republicans and not be­ vincial premier, was restrained. Waggoner said the unemployed declared he was satisfied with the chief of the national government tray his own interests. When the The following evening, as the needed their own organization be­ AFL-CIO’s progress toward a and a Republican chief of the union movement supports Demo­ visitors prepared to wind up their cause workers with jobs were not shorter work week. state government. crats, however, it betrays the in­ festivities and choose between a sufficiently concerned with their No one opposed the shorter work But what about the political terests of every single rank-and- Puerto Rican millionaire and a unemployed brothers. But the un­ week, but considering labor’s slow­ acrobatics of the UAW leaders — file member. Unionists who would­ Texas tycoon as Lions president, employed should be affiliated to ness in moving towards it, it w ill who have one foot in the ranks n’t dream of scabbing on a strike the members of the Toronto typ­ labor, not only to benefit from its make no foreseeable dent in the of the auto workers and the other are actually political scabs every ographical workers union struck strength but to ensure that the number of jobless. foot in the Democratic Party ma­ time they vote for a representative all three daily newspapers in a jobless are allies of the unionists The motion lost by 76 to 25. But chine? of the boss parties. Don’t be a po­ dispute with the owners over who and not their enemies. many listeners learned the eco­ The benefits won by the unions litical ' scab — vote socialist in should control the introduction of Other delegates supported the nom ic facts of life fo r 1964. on the picket lines and at the 1964! • new proceses.