DOCSLIB.ORG

Little Effect of Ecological Factors and Symbiotic Specificity on the Distribution of Medicago Subsect

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Little Effect of Ecological Factors and Symbiotic Specificity on the Distribution of Medicago Subsect Biodiversity Journal , 2014, 5 (4): 481–498 Little effect of ecological factors and symbiotic specificity on the distribution of Medicago subsect. Intertextae (Urban) Heyn (Fabales Fabaceae) in the Mediterranean Basin Meriem Laouar * & Aïssa Abdelguerfi Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique, Belfort, El Harrach 16200 Alger, Algérie; e-mail: [email protected] *Corresponding author ABSTRACT In the Mediterranean region, Medicago granadensis Willd. and M. muricoleptis Tineo (Fabales Fabaceae) of the Intertextae subsection are rare and present, each one in well defined areas, whereas the others taxa, in the same subsection, M. ciliaris (L.) All. and M. intertexta (L.) Mill., are more frequent with large distribution. This kind of geographical distribution is not a coincidence; certainly different factors are the origin of this distribution. In 125 sites of different Mediterranean countries, the ecology of the four taxa was studied, 34 trapped strains in one site of Intertextae rhizobiums were characterized by rep-PCR and some symbiotic tests were carried out. The results confirm that M. muricoleptis and M. granadensis are endemic in the north and east of the Mediterranean, respectively; whereas, M. ciliaris and M. intertexta are widespread. Although their geographic specificity, the four taxa showed no important differ- ences in ecological conditions. M. muricoleptis , given its presence in the north of the Mediter - ranean only, is distinguished by its precipitation requirement. By inference, the absence of M. muricoleptis and M. granadensis in some regions is not due to the absence of the symbiont. We confirm the symbiotic specificity of Sinorhizobium medicae (Rome, 1996) for the Intertextae subsection and the existence of coevolution between taxa (widespread and endemic) and rhizobia. We suppose that endemic taxa are in the process of allopatric speciation, which explains their narrow distribution in the Mediterranean Basin. KEY WORDS Distribution; diversity; ecology; Intertextae; Medicago; Mediterranean; symbiosis. Received 15.10.2014; accepted 18.11.2014; printed 30.12.2014 INTRODUCTION textae show a morphological ambiguity, which reflected in different classifications. Indeed, some Legumes hold an important economic and social authors ascribe to the subsection 4 species, namely, place and have a definite environmental benefit in Medicago ciliaris (L.) Krock., M. intertexta (L.) the Mediterranean Basin, which is the area of dis- Mill., M. muricoleptis Tineo and M. granadensis tribution of several genera of this family, including Willd. (Quézel & Santa, 1962; Lesins & Lesins, the Medicago L. genus. This genus includes 86 1979; Small & Jomphe, 1989; Coulot & Rabaute, species (Small & Jomphe, 1989) and comprises sev- 2013) and others mention only 3 species, M. inter- eral sections and subsections, including the Inter- texta, M. muricoleptis and M. granadensis (Heyn, textae (Urban) Heyn subsection (Small, 2011; 1963; Ponert, 1973; Jauzein, 1995; Dobignard & Coulot & Rabaute, 2013). Some taxa of the Inter- Chatelain, 2012; Tison et al., 2014). According to 482 MERIEM LAOUAR & A ÏSSA ABDELGUERFI the latter authors M. ciliaris is either a subspecies, subsection, a recurrent loss of the capacity to form M. intertexta subsp. ciliaris (L.), Ponert, or a botan- an efficient symbiosis with strains of the S. meliloti ical variety [ M. intertexta var. ciliaris (L.) Camb, species; they hypothesize a punctual mutation Heyn] of M. intertexta . inducing a modification of the mechanisms of The early observations on the distribution of recognition such as the flavonoid structure. annual Medicago in relation with soil factors were The rather particular geographical distribution made by Trumble & Donald (1938) and Aitken & of the four Intertextae subsection taxa, namely Davidson (1954). Besides, the first work on autoe - those with a wide distribution and those with a cology was carried out in Australia by Andrew & narrow distribution, needs clarification as to Hely (1960). Thereafter, several studies were whether this is due to an ecological adaptation performed, particularly in the regions of origins of and/or to a specific taxon-rhizobium interactions; Medicago , which allowed the definition of the eco - this is the objectives of this work. logical requirements of various species (Ab- delguerfi et al., 1988; Ehrman & Cocks, 1988; Pros- peri et al., 1989; Ehrman & Cocks, 1990; Abdelkefi MATERIAL AND METHODS et al., 1992; Bounejmate, 1992; Bounejmate et al., 1992a; 1992b). Given the taxonomic ambiguity that exists For the most common taxa of the Intertextae within the subsection of the Intertextae , we will use subsection, M. ciliaris and M. intertexta , autoe- the term taxon instead of species for M. ciliaris ; cology research was carried out, but most of that synonym: M. intertexta subsp. ciliaris and M. inter- research did not allow comparisons between the texta var. ciliaris , M. intertexta , M. muricoleptis and two taxa since they were included in a single M. granadensis throughout the document. species as indicated by Heyn (1963). The most spe - cific study on these two taxa was carried out in Al - Ecological data and origin of sites geria (Abdelguerfi-Laouar et al., 2003) on 179 sites. Besides, M. muricoleptis and M. granadensis are The study is focused on taxa M. ciliaris , M. poorly distributed and are reported in the literature intertexta , M. muricoleptis and M. granadensis . The as rare taxa. Although they belong to the same sub - collected ecological data come from the Australian section as M. ciliaris and M. intertexta , they are not Medicago Genetic Resource Centre (South Austra - found in Algeria, Morocco, and Tunisia. The eco - lian Research and Development Institute: SARDI), logical requirements of the two taxa are not yet a total number of 125 sites were surveyed in 17 determined; they have only been reported in various Mediterranean countries and islands (Table 2). 13 regions (Table 1). sites of 125 are sympatric (sci and sig), one of Other factors, besides ecological ones, symbio - which is sympatric to M. intertexta and M. granaden- sis for example, may affect the distribution of sis (sig; Israel) and the other (12) are for M. ciliaris legumes species. The species of rhizobia that nodu - and M. intertexta (sci). All the other sites are al- late the Medicago ssp. belong to the Ensifer (for - lopatric (sc, si, sm and sg) and correspond only to a merly Sinorhizobium ) genus and are S. meliloti species per site among the four (Table 3). (Dangeart, 1926) and S. medicae (Rome, 1996). One of the major characteristics of the rhizobium- Ecological data analysis legume association is their host specificity. In gen- eral, a given rhizobium species can only establish Nine (9) ecological characters were studied; an efficient symbiotic relationship with a limited they correspond to orographic (altitude and slope), number of plant partners. Similarly, legumes climatic (annual rainfall) and edaphic characters species can only be specific to a certain number of (pH, soil texture, soil depth, soil reaction, type of rhizobium species. This coevolution is often ig- drainage and land use). Analyses of variance nored in studies on the distribution and evolution of (ANOVA) with a single factor (sites) were carried legumes taxa. The Intertextae subsection taxa were out on 76 sites whose data on rainfall, altitude, and described as specific to S. medicae (Béna et al., pH were available; the 'site' factor was considered 1998; 2005). Béna et al. (1998) suggest, for this as random effect. The software used is STAT-ITCF Effect of ecological factors and symbiotic specificity on Medicago subsect. Intertextae in the Mediterranean Basin 483 Table 1. Geographical distribution of the Intertextae subsection taxa. (Gouet & Philippeau, 2002). For each quantitative for M. ciliaris and M. intertexta . For only those variable, two analyses of variance were carried where the null hypothesis is rejected a Fisher's out; the first analysis comprised 4 levels corre - LSD test was calculated. The hypothesis is null sponding to the presence of the taxon: (i) site of when the F test (MSA/MSE) of ANOVA is greater M. ciliaris (sc+sci), (ii) site of M. intertexta than 1 (p <0.05). (si+sci), (iii) site of M. muricoleptis (sm) and (iv) For the qualitative variables, environmental pro - site of M. granadensis (sg+sig); the second analy - files were established for each taxon having more sis (5 levels) differed from the first by the distinc- than five sites; the classes of each variable are rep- tion of allopatric sites (12) from sympatric sites resented in Table 4. 484 MERIEM LAOUAR & A ÏSSA ABDELGUERFI Table 2. Collec - tion of SARDI. Table 3. Num - ber of allopatric and sympatric sites by coun - try. Effect of ecological factors and symbiotic specificity on Medicago subsect. Intertextae in the Mediterranean Basin 485 Collection of rhizobium strains Symbiotic Test In a homogeneous site in Algiers (sub-humid, The two species S. meliloti and S. medicae rep- soil with loamy texture and slightly alkaline pH), resented by a 2011 strain and two ABS7 strains 8 populations, two by taxon, were planted. The pop- (Bekki et al., 1987) and USDA1827, respectively, ulations of M. granadensis and M. muricoleptis were inoculated on the populations of the four taxa originate from the Mediterranean collection of the Intertextae subsection. For symbiotic tests we (SARDI) and those of M. ciliaris and M. intertexta kept the same host populations that served to obtain originate from an Algerian
Load more

Recommended publications
  • MEMOIRE KADA RABAH Fatima Zohra Thème Etude Comparative
    République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire Ministère de l’Enseignement Supérieur et de la Recherche Scientifique UNIVERSITE DE TLEMCEN Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie et Sciences de la Terre et de l’Univers Département d’Ecologie et Environnement Laboratoire d’Ecologie et Gestion des Ecosystèmes Naturels MEMOIRE Présentée KADA RABAH Fatima Zohra En vue de l’obtention du Diplôme de MASTER en ECOLOGIE VEGETALE ET ENVIRONNEMENT Thème Etude comparative des Fabacées de 1962 et actuellement dans la région de Tlemcen. Soutenue le 11-07-2017.devant le jury composé de : Président TABTI Nassima M.C.B Université de Tlemcen Encadreur STAMBOULI Hassiba M.C.A Université de Tlemcen Examinateur HASSANI Faïçal M.C.A Université de Tlemcen Année Universitaire : 2016 /2017 Remerciement Mes grands remerciements sont à notre Dieu qui m’a aidé et m’a donné le pouvoir, la patience et la volonté d’avoir réalisé ce modeste travail. me J’exprime ma profonde reconnaissance à M STAMBOULI- MEZIANE Hassiba – maître de conférences –, dont les conseilles et les critiquesm’ont été d’une grande aide, en suivant le déroulement de mon travail. Mr. HASSANI Faïçal; Maitre de conférence à l’Université Abou Bakr Belkaïd de Tlemcen, d’avoir accepté de juger ce travail et qu’il trouve ici toute ma sympathie. Mme TABTI Nassima ; Maître de conférences – d’avoir accepter de présider le jury de ce mémoire. Dédicaces Je dédie ce travail A mes très chérs parents qui m’on toujours soutenue malgré les difficultés du déroulement de ce travail. A mon frère : Mohammed. A mes sœurs : Wassila , Khadidja , Amina , et Marwa A Les enfants : Bouchra, Nardjesse, Meriem et Boumediene.
    [Show full text]
  • Review with Checklist of Fabaceae in the Herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum
    Review with checklist of Fabaceae in the herbarium of Iraq natural history museum Khansaa Rasheed Al-Joboury * Iraq Natural History Research Center and Museum, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq. GSC Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2021, 14(03), 137–142 Publication history: Received on 08 February 2021; revised on 10 March 2021; accepted on 12 March 2021 Article DOI: https://doi.org/10.30574/gscbps.2021.14.3.0074 Abstract This study aimed to make an inventory of leguminous plants for the purpose of identifying the plants that were collected over long periods and stored in the herbarium of Iraq Natural History Museum. It was found that the herbarium contains a large and varied number of plants from different parts of Iraq and in different and varied environments. It was collected and arranged according to a specific system in the herbarium to remain an important source for all graduate students and researchers to take advantage of these plants. Also, the flowering and fruiting periods of these plants in Iraq were recorded for different regions. Most of these plants begin to flower in the spring and thrive in fields and farms. Keywords: Fabaceae; Herbarium; Iraq; Natural; History; Museum 1. Introduction Leguminosae, Fabaceae or Papilionaceae, which was called as legume, pea, or bean Family, belong to the Order of Fabales [1]. The Fabaceae family have 727 genera also 19,325 species, which contents herbs, shrubs, trees, and climbers [2]. The distribution of fabaceae family was variety especially in cold mountainous regions for Europe, Asia and North America, It is also abundant in Central Asia and is characterized by great economic importance.
    [Show full text]
  • Download E-Book (PDF)
    African Journal of Biotechnology Volume 15 Number 25, 22 June 2016 ISSN 1684-5315 ABOUT AJB The African Journal of Biotechnology (AJB) (ISSN 1684-5315) is published weekly (one volume per year) by Academic Journals. African Journal of Biotechnology (AJB), a new broad-based journal, is an open access journal that was founded on two key tenets: To publish the most exciting research in all areas of applied biochemistry, industrial microbiology, molecular biology, genomics and proteomics, food and agricultural technologies, and metabolic engineering. Secondly, to provide the most rapid turn-around time possible for reviewing and publishing, and to disseminate the articles freely for teaching and reference purposes. All articles published in AJB are peer-reviewed. Contact Us Editorial Office: [email protected] Help Desk: [email protected] Website: http://www.academicjournals.org/journal/AJB Submit manuscript online http://ms.academicjournals.me/ Editor-in-Chief Associate Editors Prof. Dr. AE Aboulata George Nkem Ude, Ph.D Plant Breeder & Molecular Biologist Plant Path. Res. Inst., ARC, POBox 12619, Giza, Egypt Department of Natural Sciences 30 D, El-Karama St., Alf Maskan, P.O. Box 1567, Ain Shams, Cairo, Crawford Building, Rm 003A Egypt Bowie State University 14000 Jericho Park Road Bowie, MD 20715, USA Dr. S.K Das Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, University of Fukui, Japan Editor Prof. Okoh, A. I. Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), N. John Tonukari, Ph.D Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry University of Fort Hare. Delta State University P/Bag X1314 Alice 5700, PMB 1 South Africa Abraka, Nigeria Dr.
    [Show full text]
  • Research Article
    Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences Research Article ISSN 1112-9867 Available online at http://www.jfas.info EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE AND SALINITY ON THE SEEDS GERMINATION OF Retama raetam (FORSSK.) WEBB. SCARIFIED WITH SULFURIC ACID Z. Mehdadi*, F. Z. Bendimered, M. Dadach and A. Aisset University of Djillali Liabes, Faculty of natural sciences and life, Laboratory of plant biodiversity: conservation and valorization, Sidi Bel Abbes, 22000, Algeria Received: 19 November 2016 / Accepted: 20 July 2017 / Published online: 01 Septemer 2017 ABSTRACT The present study consists of the elimination of tegumentary inhibition affecting seeds of Retama raetam by the chemical scarification. This pretreatment was carried out using pure sulfuric acid (98 %) and the seeds' germinative behavior was studied in the laboratory under controlled conditions of temperature and salinity. The results reveal that the chemical scarification by the sulfuric acid during six hours, had favored the germination of seeds which were incapable of germinating. The thermal optimum of germination expressed by the highest germination capacities and speeds as well as the shortest average times of germination and latency times corresponded to 20 °C and 25 °C. At low temperatures (0 °C and 5 °C) and high temperatures (35 °C and 40 °C), the germination was not possible.The seeds of R. raetam are sensitive to salinity, when the NaCl concentration increases the rate of germination decreases. The threshold of tolerance was recorded at 272 mM, from which the germination was inhibited. Key words: Retama raetam; chemical scarification; germination; temperature; salinity. Author Correspondence, e-mail: [email protected] doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jfas.v9i3.3 Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
    [Show full text]
  • High-Quality Permanent Draft Genome Sequence of Ensifer
    Mhamdi et al. Standards in Genomic Sciences (2015) 10:34 DOI 10.1186/s40793-015-0005-1 SHORT GENOME REPORT Open Access High-quality permanent draft genome sequence of Ensifer meliloti strain 4H41, an effective salt- and drought-tolerant microsymbiont of Phaseolus vulgaris Ridha Mhamdi1, Julie Ardley2, Rui Tian2, Rekha Seshadri3, T.B.K. Reddy3, Amrita Pati3, Tanja Woyke3, Victor Markowitz4, Natalia Ivanova3, Nikos Kyrpides3,5 and Wayne Reeve2* Abstract Ensifer meliloti 4H41 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that can exist as a soil saprophyte or as a legume microsymbiont of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris). Strain 4H41 was isolated in 2002 from root nodules of P. vulgaris grown in South Tunisia from the oasis of Rjim-Maatoug. Strain 4H41 is salt- and drought-tolerant and highly effective at fixing nitrogen with P. vulgaris. Here we describe the features of E. meliloti 4H41, together with genome sequence information and its annotation. The 6,795,637 bp high-quality permanent draft genome is arranged into 47 scaffolds of 47 contigs containing 6,350 protein-coding genes and 72 RNA-only encoding genes, and is one of the rhizobial genomes sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Genomic Encyclopedia for Bacteria and Archaea-Root Nodule Bacteria (GEBA-RNB) project proposal. Keywords: Root-nodule bacteria, Nitrogen fixation, Alphaproteobacteria, Ensifer, Phaseolus vulgaris Introduction root nodules of common bean grown in sandy, slightly Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) represents a very alkaline soil from the oasis of Rjim-Maatoug in South valuable source of proteins for low-income populations Tunisia [9].
    [Show full text]
  • Genetic Structure, Differentiation, and Slight Evidence for No
    Turkish Journal of Botany Turk J Bot (2021) 45: 99-110 http://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/botany/ © TÜBİTAK Research Article doi:10.3906/bot-2008-9 Genetic structure, differentiation, and slight evidence for no selective neutrality of some SSR markers in populations of Medicago ciliaris (L.) Krock and Medicago intertexta (L.) Mill species Fella ABDOUS*, Fatima Zohra FYAD-LAMECHE Department of Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Oran 1 Ahmed Ben Bella, Oran, Algeria Received: 10.08.2020 Accepted/Published Online: 30.11.2021 Final Version: 30.03.2021 Abstract: Medicago ciliaris (L.) Krock and Medicago intertexta (L.) Mill are most often found in saline regions and are considered as potential resources for genes related to salinity resistance. To explore the genetic diversity of these two species by mean of nrSSR (simple- sequence repeats) markers, 11 accessions originated from different regions in north of Africa and Middle East were chosen. Ten among 14 markers turned out to be polymorphic and gave 72 alleles. Eight markers were very informative with PIC values > 0.5, and three of them were found to be nonneutral. Allelic richness was limited with an average number of alleles per locus of 2.7. All populations have a significant heterozygous deficit evidenced by both observed heterozygosity rates (null for most populations) and multilocus fixation index estimates. A strong differentiation between populations was highlighted by STF (0.805) and GST (0.919) values. Low values of gene flow (0.01–0.38) revealed a very weak gene exchange between populations regardless of the proximity of their sites of origin.
    [Show full text]
  • Appréciation De La Diversité Génétique De Cinq Espèces Du Genre Medicago L
    اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ اﻟﺟزاﺋرﯾﺔ اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ اﻟﺷﻌﺑﯾﺔ RÉPUBLIQUE ALGÉRIENNE DÉMOCRATIQUE ET POPULAIRE وزارة اﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻲ واﻟﺒﺤﺚ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻲ MINISTÈRE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPÉRIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻹﺧﻮة ﻣﻨﺘﻮري ﻗﺴﻨﻄﯿﻨﺔ Université des Frères Mentouri Constantine ﻛﻠﯿﺔ ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﻄﺒﯿﻌﺔ واﻟﺤﯿﺎة Faculté des Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie ﻗﺴﻢ اﻟﻜﯿﻤﯿﺎء اﻟﺤﯿﻮﯾــﺔ واﻟﺒﯿﻮﻟﻮﺟﯿــﺎ اﻟﺨﻠــــﻮﯾﺔ واﻟﺠﺰﯾــﺌــﯿﺔ Département de Biochimie et Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire Mémoire présenté en vue de l’obtention du Diplôme de Master Domaine : Sciences de la Nature et de la Vie Filière : Sciences Biologiques Spécialité : Biochimie Moléculaire et Santé Intitulé : Appréciation de la diversité génétique de cinq espèces du genre Medicago L. collectées dans le Nord Algérien par les marqueurs protéiques (Globulines) Présenté et soutenu par : Kehal Sarah Le : 16/06/2015 Dani Ouarda Jury d’évaluation : Présidente du jury : Bellil Inès (Maitre de Conférences - UFM Constantine). Rapporteur : Khelifi Douadi (Professeur - UFM Constantine). Examinatrice : Benhamdi Asma (Maitre de Conférences - UFM Constantine). Année universitaire 2014 - 2015 Remerciements Au-delà d’un véritable défi scientifique, la réalisation d’un mémoire s’inscrit comme une réelle aventure humaine. Ce travail a été réalisé grâce au concours de nombreuses personnes que nous tenons à remercier dans ces quelques lignes. Nous remerciements s’adressent en premier lieu aux financeurs de ces travaux : laboratoire de biochimie génétique et biotechnologies végétales de l’université des frères Mentouri de Constantine. Nous aimerions aussi remercier Monsieur khelifi Douadi, notre encadreur de mémoire, d’une part pour nous avoir offert l’opportunité de réaliser ce projet de recherche au sein de son laboratoire. Sa disponibilité, son sens de critique ne se sont jamais démentis et ont permis à se mémoire d’évoluer dans la compréhension de son sujet, et d’autre part nous vous remercions pour le soutien que vous nous avez apporté.
    [Show full text]
  • Apport De La Bioinformatique À L'inventaire Des Légumineuses D
    NO d’ordre : 02/2003 – M/S.N UNIVERSITE DES SCIENCES ET DE LA TECHNOLOGIE HOUARI BOUMEDIENE Faculté des Sciences Biologiques Thèse présentée pour l’obtention du grade de Magistère en Sciences de la Nature Spécialité : Ecobiologie et Amélioration Végétale Par SAHBANE Sofiane Sujet APPORT DE LA BIOINFORMATIQUE A L’INVENTAIRE DES LEGUMINEUSES D’ALGERIE Soutenue le 16 mars 2003, devant les membres du jury ci-dessous : ME. N, BOUGUEDOURRA Professeur à l’USTHB Présidente MELLE F, AÏD Maître de conférences à l’USTHB Directrice de thèse M. S, AMRANI Chargé de cours à l’USTHB Co-directeur de thèse M. A, ABDELGUERFI Maître de conférences à l’INA Examinateur M. R, AMIROUCHE Chargé de cours à l’USTHB Examinateur 1 Avant-propos Ce présent travail a été codirigé par Mademoiselle F., Aid, maître de conférences à l’USTHB, et Monsieur S., Amrani, chargé de cours à l’USTHB. Qu’ils soient remerciés pour leur conseils, orientations et remarques pertinentes. Madame le Professeur Bouguedoura m’a fait l’honneur de présider le jury de cette thèse. Je tiens à lui exprimer ici ma profonde reconnaissance. J’exprime ma gratitude à Monsieur Abdelguerfi, maître de conférences à l’INA, pour avoir voulu participer au jury de cette thèse. J’adresse également mes vifs remerciements à Monsieur Amirouche, chargé de cours à l’USTHB, pour avoir bien voulu participer au jury de cette thèse. 2 Résumé La caractérisation du microsymbiote (le Rhizobium) passe aussi par la reconnaissance du macrosymbiote : la légumineuse. Pour rendre fiable les déterminations de la plante, nous avons eu recours à une approche informatique, en mettant en place un système d’identification assistée par ordinateur (logiciel Delta).
    [Show full text]
  • Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical, and Genetic Responses to Salinity in Medicago Truncatula
    plants Article Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical, and Genetic Responses to Salinity in Medicago truncatula Sabrine Hdira 1,2, Loua Haddoudi 1,2, Mohsen Hanana 1 , Irene Romero 3 , Asma Mahjoub 1, Hatem Ben Jouira 1, Ndiko Ludidi 4,5 , Maria Teresa Sanchez-Ballesta 3 , Chedly Abdelly 1 and Mounawer Badri 1,* 1 Laboratory of Extremophile Plants, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj Cedria, B.P. 901, Hammam-Lif 2050, Tunisia; [email protected] (S.H.); [email protected] (L.H.); [email protected] (M.H.); [email protected] (A.M.); [email protected] (H.B.J.); [email protected] (C.A.) 2 Faculty of Mathematical, Physical and Natural Sciences of Tunis, Campus Universitaire El-Manar, University of Tunis El Manar, El Manar 2092, Tunisia 3 Laboratory of Biotechnology and Postharvest Quality Institute of Food Science, Technology and Nutrition (ICTAN-CSIC), Jose Antonio Novais, 10, 28040 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] (I.R.); [email protected] (M.T.S.-B.) 4 Plant Biotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530, South Africa; [email protected] 5 DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Food Security, University of the Western Cape, Robert Sobukwe Road, Bellville 7530, South Africa * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: We used an integrated morpho-physiological, biochemical, and genetic approach to inves- tigate the salt responses of four lines (TN1.11, TN6.18, JA17, and A10) of Medicago truncatula. Results Citation: Hdira, S.; Haddoudi, L.; showed that TN1.11 exhibited a high tolerance to salinity, compared with the other lines, recording a Hanana, M.; Romero, I.; Mahjoub, A.; salinity induced an increase in soluble sugars and soluble proteins, a slight decrease in malondialde- Ben Jouira, H.; Ludidi, N.; hyde (MDA) accumulation, and less reduction in plant biomass.
    [Show full text]
  • La Terre Et La Vie
    LA TERRE ET LA VIE VOLUME 69 ANNÉE 2014 Edité par la SOCIÉTÉ NATIONALE DE PROTECTION DE LA NATURE ET D’ACCLIMATATION DE FRANCE 9, rue Cels - 75014 PARIS LE MARAIS DE JOUMINE, PARC NATIONAL DE L’ICHKEUL, TUNISIE : DIVERSITÉ FLORISTIQUE, CARTOGRAPHIE ET DYNAMIQUE DE LA VÉGÉTATION (1925-2011) Mounira OUALI1,2, Amina DAOUD-BOUATTOUR1,2, Selma ETTEIEB3, Amor Mokhtar GAMMAR2, Samia BEN SAAD-LIMAM1,2 & Zeineb GHRABI-GAMMAR*2,3 SUMMARY. — Joumine Marsh; National Park of Ichkeul, Tunisia: floristic diversity, vegetation mapping and dynamics (1925-2011). —The vegetation of Joumine Marsh (National Park of Ichkeul, Tunisia) has been studied from 2005 to 2011 with the aims: (1) to characterize the present-day status of the marsh vegetation based on plant inventories and phytosociological surveys, (2) to identify the influence of interannual hydrolo- gical changes on the plant distribution, and (3) to reconstruct, on the basis of previous works, the vegetation dynamics over the past 86 years (1925-2011). Results reveal the regression and sometimes the local extinc- tion of the plants of temporary freshwater habitats, and their replacement by halophilous, cultivation-tolerant, footpath and grazing-tolerant species. Such changes express the artificialisation of the marsh. The mid-term dynamics of Joumine Marsh (1925-2011) is characterized by four periods: (1) before the first hydrological developments realized on the Joumine Wady in 1948, the marsh was dominated by the helophytic formation of Bolboschoenus glaucus and Schoenoplectus litoralis; (2) between
    [Show full text]
  • Contribution À L'étude Cytogénétique De Quelques Espèces Du Genre Medicago (L)
    République Algérienne Démocratique et Populaire MINISTERE DE L’ENSEIGNEMENT SUPERIEUR ET DE LA RECHERCHE SCIENTIFIQUE Université Mentouri Constantine Faculté des sciences de la nature et de vie Département de Biologie Végétale et Ecologie N° d’ordre : 189/Mag/2010 N° de série : 007/SN/2010 MEMOIRE En vue d’obtention du diplôme de magistère en biotechnologies végétales Ecole Doctorale Thème Contribution à l’étude cytogénétique de quelques espèces du genre Medicago (L). Présenté par Melle HALMI SIHEM Soutenu le 22 /06 /2010 Devant le jury : Président : Mr D. KHELIFI Professeur à l’université Mentouri Constantine Rapporteur : Mme N. KHALFALLAH Professeur à l’université Mentouri Constantine Co-rapporteur : Mme M. ABDELGUERFI Maître de recherche à L’INRAA Examinateurs : Mr A. ABDELGUERFI Professeur à L’I.N.A Mme D.SATTA Professeur à l’université Mentouri Constantine 2009-2010 Au terme de ce travail, qu’il me soit permis d’exprimer mes plus vifs remerciements à : Mme KHALFALLAH NADRA , professeur à l’Université Mentouri pour avoir accepté de diriger ce travail et avoir bien voulu y consacrer son temps, ses conseils et sa précieuse aide tout au long de la conduite de cette étude. Mme ABDELGUERFI M, Maître de recherche à l’Institut National de Recherche Agronomique d’Algérie (INRAA) pour m'avoir proposé ce sujet de thèse et avoir co-dirigé mes recherches. Mr KHELIFI D , professeur à l’Université Mentouri pour m’avoir fait l’honneur de présider mon jury de mémoire. Qu’il trouve ici l’expression de mon profond respect. Mr ABDELGUERFI A , professeur à l’Ecole Nationale Supérieure Agronomique (ENSA ex.
    [Show full text]
  • First Updated Checklist of the Vascular Flora of Andalusia (S of Spain), One of the Main Biodiversity Centres in the Mediterranean Basin
    Phytotaxa 339 (1): 001–095 ISSN 1179-3155 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/pt/ PHYTOTAXA Copyright © 2018 Magnolia Press Monograph ISSN 1179-3163 (online edition) https://doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.339.1.1 PHYTOTAXA 339 First updated checklist of the vascular flora of Andalusia (S of Spain), one of the main biodiversity centres in the Mediterranean Basin MIGUEL CUETO1,*, MANUEL MELENDO2, ESTHER GIMÉNEZ1, JULIÁN FUENTES3, ENRIQUE LÓPEZ CARRIQUE4 & GABRIEL BLANCA5 1 Departamento de Biología y Geología, CECOUAL, Universidad de Almería, Crta. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de S. Urbano, ES- 04120 Almería, Spain; e-mail: [email protected], [email protected] 2 Departamento de Biología Animal, Biología Vegetal y Ecología. Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus Las Lagunillas s/n, ES-23071 Jaén, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] 3 C/ Castillo 5, bajo F, ES-18140 La Zubia, Granada, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] 4 Departamento de Educación, CECOUAL, Universidad de Almería, Crta. Sacramento s/n, La Cañada de S. Urbano, ES-04120 Almería, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] 5 Departamento de Botánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Granada, C/ Fuentenueva s/n, ES-18001 Granada, Spain; e-mail: [email protected] *author for correspondence Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by Manuel B. Crespo: 24 Dec. 2017; published: 20 Feb. 2018 MIGUEL CUETO, MANUEL MELENDO, ESTHER GIMÉNEZ, JULIÁN FUENTES, ENRIQUE LÓPEZ CARRIQUE & GABRIEL BLANCA First updated checklist of the vascular flora of Andalusia (S of Spain), one of the main biodiversity centres in the Mediterranean Basin (Phytotaxa 339) 95 pp.; 30 cm.
    [Show full text]