Socio-Economic Impacts of Sanctuary Zone Changes in Ningaloo Marine Park.Pdf
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SANCTUARY ZONE CHANGES IN NINGALOO MARINE PARK A preliminary investigation of effects on visitation patterns and human usage Jeremy Northcote and Jim Macbeth A preliminary investigation of effects on visitation patterns and human usage Technical Reports The technical report series present data and its analysis, meta-studies and conceptual studies, and are considered to be of value to industry, government and researchers. Unlike the Sustainable Tourism Cooperative Research Centre’s Monograph series, these reports have not been subjected to an external peer review process. As such, the scientific accuracy and merit of the research reported here is the responsibility of the authors, who should be contacted for clarification of any content. Author contact details are at the back of this report. We'd love to know what you think of our new research titles. If you have five minutes to spare, please click on the link below to complete our online survey. Sustainable Tourism CRC Tech Report Feedback National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Northcote, Jeremy. Socio-economic impacts of sanctuary zone changes in Ningaloo Marine Park. Bibliography. ISBN: 9781920965860 (pdf and pbk). 1. Ningaloo Marine Park (W.A.) Protected areas—Western Australia—North West Cape Region—Management. 2. Conservation of natural resources—Western Australia—North West Cape Region—Citizen participation. 3. Marine ecology—Western Australia—North West Cape Region 4. Fishery management—Western Australia— North West Cape Region 5. parks and reserves—Public use—Western Australia—North West Cape Region. Other Authors/Contributors: Macbeth, Jim. Cooperative Research Centre for Sustainable Tourism. 333.78099413 Copyright © CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd 2008 All rights reserved. Apart from fair dealing for the purposes of study, research, criticism or review as permitted under the Copyright Act, no part of this book may be reproduced by any process without written permission from the publisher. Any enquiries should be directed to: General Manager Communications and Industry Extension or Publishing Manager, via [email protected]. First published in Australia in 2008 by CRC for Sustainable Tourism Pty Ltd Printed in Australia (Gold Coast, Queensland) Edited by Brooke Pickering Cover designed by Sin Design ii SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACTS OF SANCTUARY ZONE CHANGES IN NINGALOO MARINE PARK CONTENTS CONTENTS________________________________________________________________________III ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ______________________________________________________________ VI ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ______________________________________________________________ VI LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS _______________________________________________ VII SUMMARY ______________________________________________________________________ VIII OBJECTIVES OF STUDY _____________________________________________________________ VIII METHODOLOGY___________________________________________________________________ VIII KEY FINDINGS _____________________________________________________________________ IX FUTURE ACTION ___________________________________________________________________ XI CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________________ 1 BACKGROUND ______________________________________________________________________ 1 THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE REPORT______________________________________________________ 1 IMPACT ASSESSMENT ________________________________________________________________ 2 CHAPTER 2 THE VALUE OF TOURISM AND FISHING ON THE NINGALOO COAST ______ 5 INTRODUCTION _____________________________________________________________________ 5 MANAGEMENT HISTORY ______________________________________________________________ 7 VALUE OF TOURISM TO THE NINGALOO COAST____________________________________________ 11 THE VALUE OF RECREATIONAL FISHING _________________________________________________ 17 CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________________________ 22 CHAPTER 3 2006 NINGALOO COASTAL CAMPER SURVEY____________________________ 24 INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________ 24 METHODOLOGY____________________________________________________________________ 25 RESULTS _________________________________________________________________________ 26 Visitor characteristics ____________________________________________________________ 26 Activities_______________________________________________________________________ 26 Sanctuary zones _________________________________________________________________ 28 CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________________________ 30 CHAPTER 4 SHIRE OF EXMOUTH RESIDENT SURVEY _______________________________ 31 INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________ 31 METHOD _________________________________________________________________________ 31 RESIDENT CHARACTERISTICS _________________________________________________________ 32 RECREATIONAL FISHERS _____________________________________________________________ 32 ATTITUDES TO THE SANCTUARY ZONE CHANGES __________________________________________ 33 ATTITUDES TO DEC ________________________________________________________________ 35 VISITATION RATES _________________________________________________________________ 35 CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________________________ 36 CHAPTER 5 NINGALOO TOURISM TRENDS _________________________________________ 38 INTRODUCTION ____________________________________________________________________ 38 IVS AND NVS DATA ________________________________________________________________ 38 VISITOR CENTRE DOOR COUNTS_______________________________________________________ 39 ABS ACCOMMODATION DATA ________________________________________________________ 40 DEC CAMPING REVENUE ____________________________________________________________ 40 DEC AERIAL SURVEYS ______________________________________________________________ 41 DEC CAPE RANGE VISITATION STATISTICS ______________________________________________ 44 CHARTER BOAT TOURS ______________________________________________________________ 45 CONCLUSION ______________________________________________________________________ 49 iii A preliminary investigation of effects on visitation patterns and human usage CHAPTER 6 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS _______________________________ 51 IMPACT OVERVIEW _________________________________________________________________ 51 THRESHOLD OF TOLERABILITY AND DIRECTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH _______________________ 52 CAPACITY FOR MONITORING__________________________________________________________ 53 RECOMMENDATIONS ________________________________________________________________ 53 Heightened recognition of the importance of research and evaluation in future management policies________________________________________________________________________ 53 Promotion of stronger interagency collaboration _______________________________________ 55 Establishment of closer community partnerships in planning and management ________________ 55 Implementation of compulsory and systematic data collection and reporting procedures ________ 56 Provision of a central collection and access point_______________________________________ 56 PROCESS OF MONITORING ____________________________________________________________ 57 DEC aerial surveys ______________________________________________________________ 57 Cape Range visitor counts _________________________________________________________ 57 Camping receipts ________________________________________________________________ 57 Visitor Centre data_______________________________________________________________ 57 Recreational fishing surveys _______________________________________________________ 58 Business revenue data ____________________________________________________________ 58 Visitor surveys __________________________________________________________________ 58 Residential surveys_______________________________________________________________ 58 Shark Bay control data ___________________________________________________________ 59 FINAL WORD ______________________________________________________________________ 59 APPENDIX A: 2002 CAPE RANGE VISITOR SURVEY _______________________________________ 60 APPENDIX B: 2002–03 PASTORAL STATION SURVEY FOR THE NINGALOO COAST ________________ 68 APPENDIX C: TIME SERIES ANALYSIS OF SELECTED INDICATORS FOR THE NINGALOO COAST ______ 73 APPENDIX D: 2006 NINGALOO WILDERNESS CAMPING SURVEY _____________________________ 90 APPENDIX E: 2005 EXMOUTH RESIDENT SURVEY QUESTIONS (SANCTUARY ZONE COMPONENT)____ 94 REFERENCES ____________________________________________________________________ 96 AUTHORS ______________________________________________________________________ 100 Figures Figure 1. Local Government Area boundaries for Shires of Exmouth and Carnarvon....................................6 Figure 2. Map of the pre-2004 sanctuary zones in Ningaloo Marine Park......................................................9 Figure 3. Map of the post-2004 sanctuary zones in Ningaloo Marine Park ..................................................10 Figure 4. Grid area defined for reef charter boat activity ..............................................................................21 Tables Table 1. Mode of transport for Shire of Exmouth visitors (2004/05 annual average). ..................................13 Table 2. Accommodation for overnight visitors to