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“No Longer Merchants, but Sovereigns of a Vast Empire”: the Writings of Sir John Malcolm and British India, 1810 to 1833
“No longer Merchants, but Sovereigns of a vast Empire”: The writings of Sir John Malcolm and British India, 1810 to 1833 By Jack Harrington Doctor of Philosophy 2009 University of Edinburgh i I declare that the following thesis is entirely my own work ......................................................................................................... ii Contents Abstract iv List of Abbreviations v Acknowledgements vi Introduction 1 Analysing Sir John Malcolm as an ideologue of the British empire 16 Structure and aims of the thesis 21 Chapter One: Sir John Malcolm and the British Empire in India 26 Chapter Two: The Political History of India and the creation of an historiography of imperial conquest 59 Acting in History: “Send Malcolm!” 60 The political context for the Sketch of the Political History of India 70 The Sketch of the Political History of India as a book 79 Conclusion 96 Chapter Three: Sir John Malcolm and the History of Modern Asia 99 The Literary Society of Bombay, orientalism and information-gathering 100 The Sketch of the Sikhs 103 The History of Persia 115 Sir John Malcolm and Orientalism during the Napoleonic Wars 132 Conclusion 135 Chapter Four: Sir John Malcolm’s Memoir of Central India: The historic case for indirect rule 136 Sir John Malcolm and the post-war reconstruction of Central India 138 The Report on the Province of Malwa and the Memoir of Central India 146 The History of Malwa as a Hindu Province 147 “The anatomy of Central India” 166 Conclusion 172 Chapter Five: Sir John Malcolm and the Government of -
Founding Fellows
Founding Members of the Royal Society of Edinburgh Alexander Abercromby, Lord Abercromby William Alexander John Amyatt James Anderson John Anderson Thomas Anderson Archibald Arthur William Macleod Bannatyne, formerly Macleod, Lord Bannatyne William Barron (or Baron) James Beattie Giovanni Battista Beccaria Benjamin Bell of Hunthill Joseph Black Hugh Blair James Hunter Blair (until 1777, Hunter), Robert Blair, Lord Avontoun Gilbert Blane of Blanefield Auguste Denis Fougeroux de Bondaroy Ebenezer Brownrigg John Bruce of Grangehill and Falkland Robert Bruce of Kennet, Lord Kennet Patrick Brydone James Byres of Tonley George Campbell John Fletcher- Campbell (until 1779 Fletcher) John Campbell of Stonefield, Lord Stonefield Ilay Campbell, Lord Succoth Petrus Camper Giovanni Battista Carburi Alexander Carlyle John Chalmers William Chalmers John Clerk of Eldin John Clerk of Pennycuik John Cook of Newburn Patrick Copland William Craig, Lord Craig Lorentz Florenz Frederick Von Crell Andrew Crosbie of Holm Henry Cullen William Cullen Robert Cullen, Lord Cullen Alexander Cumming Patrick Cumming (Cumin) John Dalrymple of Cousland and Cranstoun, or Dalrymple Hamilton MacGill Andrew Dalzel (Dalziel) John Davidson of Stewartfield and Haltree Alexander Dick of Prestonfield Alexander Donaldson James Dunbar Andrew Duncan Robert Dundas of Arniston Robert Dundas, Lord Arniston Henry Dundas, Viscount Melville James Edgar James Edmonstone of Newton David Erskine Adam Ferguson James Ferguson of Pitfour Adam Fergusson of Kilkerran George Fergusson, Lord Hermand -
Sailors' Scurvy Before and After James Lind – a Reassessment
Historical Perspective Sailors' scurvy before and after James Lind–areassessment Jeremy Hugh Baron Scurvy is a thousand-year-old stereotypical disease characterized by apathy, weakness, easy bruising with tiny or large skin hemorrhages, friable bleeding gums, and swollen legs. Untreated patients may die. In the last five centuries sailors and some ships' doctors used oranges and lemons to cure and prevent scurvy, yet university-trained European physicians with no experience of either the disease or its cure by citrus fruits persisted in reviews of the extensive but conflicting literature. In the 20th century scurvy was shown to be due to a deficiency of the essential food factor ascorbic acid. This vitamin C was synthesized, and in adequate quantities it completely prevents and completely cures the disease, which is now rare. The protagonist of this medical history was James Lind. His report of a prospective controlled therapeutic trial in 1747 preceded by a half-century the British Navy's prevention and cure of scurvy by citrus fruits. After lime-juice was unwittingly substituted for lemon juice in about 1860, the disease returned, especially among sailors on polar explorations. In recent decades revisionist historians have challenged normative accounts, including that of scurvy, and the historicity of Lind's trial. It is therefore timely to reassess systematically the strengths and weaknesses of the canonical saga.nure_205 315..332 © 2009 International Life Sciences Institute INTRODUCTION patients do not appear on the ship’s sick list, his choice of remedies was improper, and his inspissated juice was Long intercontinental voyages began in the late 16th useless.“Scurvy” was dismissed as a catch-all term, and its century and were associated with scurvy that seamen dis- morbidity and mortality were said to have been exagger- covered could be cured and prevented by oranges and ated. -
At Water's Edge: Britain, Napoleon, and the World, 1793-1815
AT WATER’S EDGE: BRITAIN, NAPOLEON, AND THE WORLD, 1793-1815 ______________________________________________________________________________ A Dissertation Submitted to the Temple University Graduate Board ______________________________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY ______________________________________________________________________________ by Christopher T. Golding May 2017 Examining Committee Members: Dr. Gregory J. W. Urwin, Advisory Chair, Department of History Dr. Travis Glasson, Department of History Dr. Rita Krueger, Department of History Dr. Jeremy Black, External Member, University of Exeter (UK) © Copyright 2017 by Christopher T. Golding All Rights Reserved ii ABSTRACT This dissertation explores the influence of late eighteenth-century British imperial and global paradigms of thought on the formation of British policy and strategy during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. It argues that British imperial interests exerted a consistent influence on British strategic decision making through the personal advocacy of political leaders, institutional memory within the British government, and in the form of a traditional strain of a widely-embraced British imperial-maritime ideology that became more vehement as the conflict progressed. The work can be broken into two basic sections. The first section focuses on the formation of strategy within the British government of William Pitt the Younger during the French Revolutionary Wars from the declaration of war in February 1793 until early 1801. During this phase of the Anglo-French conflict, British ministers struggled to come to terms with the nature of the threat posed by revolutionary ideology in France, and lacked strategic consistency due to acute cabinet-level debates over continental versus imperial strategies. The latter half of the work assesses Britain’s response to the challenges presented by Napoleonic France. -
Rules and Regulations Proposed by the Board of Health for the Purpose
Digitized by tlie Internet Archive in 2014 littps://arcliive.org/details/b21354765 : RULES AND REGULATIONS PROPOSED BY THE SOAR]> OF HEAMH INTRODUCTION AI*D SPREADING FOR THK PURPOSE OF PREVENTING THE OF THE DISEASE CALLED CHOLERA MORBUS, to the observation Disease in its most marlied form, as it occurred The early symptoms of the and of Dr. Eussell and Dr. Barry at St. Petersburg, places where the Cholera has prevaUed, with corroborated by the accounts from other THE MOST APPROVED TREATMENT. Majesty's Privy Council Published by a Committee of the Lords of his TO WHICH ARE ADDED, A WARNING TO THE BRITISH PUBLIC AGAINST THE ALARMING APPROACH OF THE INDIAN CHOLERA. BY SIR GILBERT BLANE, Bart. F.R.S. AND THE HISTORY OF THE EPIDEMIC CHOLERA OF INDIA, FROM ITS FIRST APPEARANCE IN THE YEAR 1817, TO 1831, AND THE DREADFUL RAVAGES IT HAS COMMITTED, WITH THE DATES OP ITS FIRST APPEARANCE IN THE DIFFERENT PROVINCES. LONDON BURGESS AND HILL, 55, GREAT WINDMILL STREET, HAYMARKET. 1831. Price Sixpence, ^ ^^f > IMPORTANT WORK ON CHOLERA, Jttst Published, price \As, hoards. In one closely printed Volume 8vo., with a Map exhibiting the Progress of the Epidemic Cholera over the principal parts of India, by the dates of Its appcai ance at numerous places, with the Great Roads, &c. &c. AN ESSAY ON THE EPIDEMIC CHOLERA OF INDIA. BY REGINALD ORTON, Surgeon H. P. late of His Majesty's 3^th Regiment of Foot. CONTENTS. CHAP. I.-Description of Cholera, Sect, i, Of the Severer Form of Cholera, or the Common Form of the Epidemic. -
Dr Robert Robertson: Fever Specialist, Eighteenth-Century
COPYRIGHT AND USE OF THIS THESIS This thesis must be used in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. Reproduction of material protected by copyright may be an infringement of copyright and copyright owners may be entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. Section 51 (2) of the Copyright Act permits an authorized officer of a university library or archives to provide a copy (by communication or otherwise) of an unpublished thesis kept in the library or archives, to a person who satisfies the authorized officer that he or she requires the reproduction for the purposes of research or study. The Copyright Act grants the creator of a work a number of moral rights, specifically the right of attribution, the right against false attribution and the right of integrity. You may infringe the author’s moral rights if you: - fail to acknowledge the author of this thesis if you quote sections from the work - attribute this thesis to another author - subject this thesis to derogatory treatment which may prejudice the author’s reputation For further information contact the University’s Director of Copyright Services sydney.edu.au/copyright 1 DR ROBERT ROBERTSON (1742 – 1829): FEVER SPECIALIST, EIGHTEENTH-CENTURY MEDICAL EXPERIMENTER, NAVAL HEALTH REFORMER AND SENIOR PHYSICIAN IN THE ROYAL NAVY MEDICAL DEPARTMENT. Author: BRUCE HAMILTON SHORT Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY School of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University of Sydney November 2013 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS During the research for this thesis I am grateful for the helpful criticism, assistance and stimulus provided by my supervisors to whom I am indebted for their advice and expertise. -
Idma Tflti3ir AIN:AT: 37
W, I / .", 6ap, IDma TflTI3IR AIN:AT: 37. Fig. i Engraving of Thomas Trotter from Sea Weeds I829 Downloaded from https://www.cambridge.org/core. IP address: 170.106.40.40, on 25 Sep 2021 at 04:11:12, subject to the Cambridge Core terms of use, available at https://www.cambridge.org/core/terms. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025727300028180 THOMAS TROTTER, M.D., NAVAL PHYSICIAN* by IAN ALEXANDER PORTER DURING the eighteenth century service in the British Navy attracted many Scottish medical men. In importance, not the least ofthese was Thomas Trotter, Physician to the Fleet, graduate of Edinburgh University, medical reformer, author and poet. Overshadowed by Sir Gilbert Blane his contemporary, he is all but forgotten, but for his writings, his reforming zeal and his dedication to the Naval Medical Service he is worthy of remembrance. The exact date of Thomas Trotter's birth is not known but the date of his baptism is recorded in the Parish Register of Melrose, Roxburghshire. 1 He was baptized on 3 August 1760, the third child and second son ofJohn Trotter and Alison Marr. John Trotter, a baker and portioner in Melrose had in all five children, of whom Thomas became a physician while his younger brother Andrew, born in 1764, became a surgeon and practised in North Shields. Trotter first attended school at Melrose and later an academy at Kelso run by a Mr. Perry, founder of the European Magazine and editor of the Morning Chronicle.2 Nothing is known of Trotter's life until I777. He attended the class ofAnatomy and Surgery ofAlexander Monro secundus at Edinburgh University during the session I777-8.3 It is during these two years that we have the first evidence of Trotter's busy pen-in the form of poems which he contributed to Ruddiman's Edinburgh Magazine." At this point his university education appears to have ceased for in I779 he joined the Navy and was appointed Surgeon's Mate to the Berwick, a ship of seventy-four guns, at that time serving in the Channel Fleet. -
Olympia 2017
BERNARD QUARITCH OLYMPIA 2017 STAND B10 BERNARD QUARITCH LTD 40 SOUTH AUDLEY ST, LONDON W1K 2PR Tel: +44 (0)20-7297 4888 Fax: +44 (0)20-7297 4866 e-mail: [email protected]; [email protected] web site: www.quaritch.com Bankers: Barclays Bank plc, Level 27, 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP Sort code: 20-65-82 Swift code: BARCGB22 Sterling account: IBAN: GB98 BARC 206582 10511722 Euro account: IBAN: GB30 BARC 206582 45447011 U.S. Dollar account: IBAN: GB46 BARC 206582 63992444 VAT number: GB 840 1358 54 Mastercard, Visa, and American Express accepted Recent Catalogues 1434: Medieval and Renaissance Manuscripts 1433: English Books and Manuscripts 1432: Continental Books Recent Lists 2017/8 Medicine, Sexology, Gastronomy 2017/7 Economics 2017/6 The Armchair Traveller: T. E. Lawrence 2017/5 Parties & Festivals Full descriptions for each item are available on request. Cover image from item 10. © Bernard Quaritch Ltd 2017 ALDINE ARISTOTELIAN COMMENTARIES 1) AMMONIUS. Ammōniou tou Hermeiou eis tas pente phōnas tou Porphyriou hypomnēma. Ammonii Hermiae in quinque voces Porphyrii commentarius, correctionibus quamplurimis, et locorum imaginibus illustratus. Venice, apud Aldi filios, 1546. [with:] Idem. Ammōniou tou Hermeiou eis tas tou Aristotelous katēgorias hypomnēma. Ammonii Hermiae in praedicamenta Aristotelis commentarius. Aristotelis vita. Venice, 1546. [with:] Idem. Ammōniou tou Hermeiou eis to tou Aristotelous peri hermēneias hypomnēma. Ammonii Hermiae in Aristotelis de interpretatione librum commentarius. Venice, apud Aldi filios, 1546. Three parts in one vol., 8vo, pp. [iv], 78, [2]; 152; 188; Aldine device to titles and at end of first and third works, Porphyrian tree to f. 44r of first work, a few other small diagrams; a few small wormholes/tracks to blank margins, most noticeably to bottom corner of ff. -
Sir John Richardson, C.B., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. : the Naturalist of The
SIR JOHN RICHARDSON, C.B., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S. Photograph from a crayon drawing done about 1830 by Negelen, who also did one of Sir John Franklin, K.C.H. With the Writer’s Compliments. SIR JOHN RICHARDSON, C.B., M.D , LL.D., F.R.S.’ The Naturalist of the Naval Medical Service. By Sie HUMPHRY ROLLESTON, Bt., K.C.B., M.D., D.C.L., LL.D. Physician in Ordinary to H.M. the King. President of the Royal College of Physicians of London. Quite recently, fifty-nine years after his sudden death at his home of retirement, Lancrigg, Grasmere, a memorial plaque has been erected to Sir John Richardson by some of his relatives and descendants in the Parish Church of the Westmorland village, to the churchyard of which William Wordsworth’s grave still draws pious pilgrims. The reproduction (fig. 1) of this simple memorial may perhaps be an excuse for recalling some details of one who, though from the lapse of years almost forgotten, was in the Naval Medical Service for forty-eight years (1807-1855), went on three Arctic expeditions, twice with and once in search of Franklin, was justly famous as a zoologist and naturalist, and during his long term of seventeen years (1838- 1855) at Haslar as Physician and Medical Inspector had under him as very junior officers men, such as Thomas Henry Huxley, Sir Joseph H. Hooker, and Sir Andrew Clark, who afterwards became well known in the allied walks of science and medicine. His life 1 2 was written by the Rev. -
Ellis Wasson the British and Irish Ruling Class 1660-1945 Volume 2
Ellis Wasson The British and Irish Ruling Class 1660-1945 Volume 2 Ellis Wasson The British and Irish Ruling Class 1660-1945 Volume 2 Managing Editor: Katarzyna Michalak Associate Editor: Łukasz Połczyński ISBN 978-3-11-056238-5 e-ISBN 978-3-11-056239-2 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/. © 2017 Ellis Wasson Published by De Gruyter Open Ltd, Warsaw/Berlin Part of Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published with open access at www.degruyter.com. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data A CIP catalog record for this book has been applied for at the Library of Congress. Managing Editor: Katarzyna Michalak Associate Editor: Łukasz Połczyński www.degruyteropen.com Cover illustration: © Thinkstock/bwzenith Contents The Entries VII Abbreviations IX List of Parliamentary Families 1 Bibliography 619 Appendices Appendix I. Families not Included in the Main List 627 Appendix II. List of Parliamentary Families Organized by Country 648 Indexes Index I. Index of Titles and Family Names 711 Index II. Seats of Parliamentary Families Organized by Country 769 Index III. Seats of Parliamentary Families Organized by County 839 The Entries “ORIGINS”: Where reliable information is available about the first entry of the family into the gentry, the date of the purchase of land or holding of office is provided. When possible, the source of the wealth that enabled the family’s election to Parliament for the first time is identified. Inheritance of property that supported participation in Parliament is delineated. -
Universities and Colleges Medical Journal
BRITISH 204 AUGUST 15, 1942 UNIVERSITIES AND COLLEGES MEDICAL JOURNAL A. B. Philip, J. Phillips, R. M. Pitts, F. Pollak, J. M. B. Pooley, A. C. P. Porter, E. C. Poulton, C. Pownail, T. J. G. Price, Mary Pringle, P. E. Prudhoe, R. T. M. Pssddicombe, S. H. Purser, I. M. Ramsden, A. P. H. Randle, P. K. Universities and Colleges Renshaw, A. S. Riddell, D. S. Ridley, Dorothy Roberts, D. J. Robertson, W. C. Robinson, W. Rogers, Glenys M. Roper-Hall, H. M. J. Rowan, A. J. D. Rowlands, J. H. B. M. Rowlaods, J. K. Rowntree, P. F. Rudd, D. C. Sachdeva, J. G. Salter, M. C. Sanyal, Irene M. Sarner, E. Schindel, G. B. D. Scott, Sophy H. L. Scott, T. 0. Scudamore, D. E. Sharvill, C. H. Shaw, M, P. I UNIVERSITY OF OXFORD Sherwood, D. Shiers, M. Shrieber, Janet W. Shrimpton, G. A. Silley, W. B. G. Simmonds, J. H. Simpson, N. R. W. Simpson, A. C. Sinclair, J. F. P. At Congregations held on July 18 and 25, the following degrees Skrimshire, R. D. Slack, A. P. Smith, H. N. Smith, R. S. Smith, W. A. were conferred: Smurthwaite, P. R. Sondhi, V. H. Springett, H. G. Stack, F. H. Staines, P. S. D.M.-J. M. L. Burtenshaw. Steen, B. A. F. Stephens, D. N. Stewart, J. G. Stewart, L. V. Sthyr, A. M.CH.-A. H. Hurt, R. H. Gardiner. Stoddard, J. C. Swanson, V. R. Tadros, G. H. Templeman, D. C. Tennant, B.M., B.CH.-M. H. M. Gilbertson, J. -
Eponymous Doctors Associated with Edinburgh, Part 2
J R Coll Physicians Edinb 2006; 36:374–381 PAPER © 2006 Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh Eponymous doctors associated with Edinburgh, part 2 – David Bruce, John Cheyne, William Stokes,Alexander Monro Secundus, Joseph Gamgee D Doyle Retired Consultant in Palliative Medicine, Edinburgh, Scotland ABSTRACT This, the second in a three-paper series with this title, looks at famous Published online October 2006 doctors who trained in Edinburgh and their eponyms. With one possible exception, none seems to have sought the eponym, nor awarded it to themselves, Correspondence to D Doyle, 7 nor used it for self-promotion. Unlike those in the first paper, all eponyms in this Kaimes Road, Edinburgh, EH12 6JR paper are still in use and their brevity is in contrast to the lengthy description needed if the eponym is not used. Examples are Cheyne–Stokes respiration, tel. +44 (0)131 334 3168 Stokes–Adam attacks, Brucellosis and Gamgee dressing. Monro Secundus is e-mail [email protected] included because of his vehement defence of his professional reputation and research findings when he suspected others of trying to detract credit from him, a characteristic seldom reported for the others. KEYWORDS David Bruce, John Cheyne, William Stokes, Alexander Monro Secundus, Joseph Gamgee LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS General practitioner (GP),World Health Organisation (WHO) DECLARATION OF INTERESTS No conflict of interests declared. INTRODUCTION was fourteen years old, then left to work for a warehouse company in Manchester. His ambition was to become a This, the second of three papers on this subject, continues professional athlete, for he was tall and strongly built, but to look at why and when eponyms were awarded and by pneumonia at the age of seventeen put an end to this idea.